TU Summer 2009

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Celebrating 50 Years of Cold, Clean, Fishable Waters

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The Journal of Coldwater Fisheries Conservation www.tu.org SUMMER 2009

14 l The Next Best Thing BY CHRISTOPHER CAMUTO 16 l In Defense of Wild Trout and Salmon Trout Unlimited’s first 50 years. BY BETH DURIS 28 l The Ten The TUers who have made a difference. 36 l Staying Power Efforts to build Teton Dam are back, and so is TU. BY RANDY SCHOLFIELD 44 l It’s Elementary Youth’s role in TU’s next 50 years.

5 l From the President 6 l From the Editor 7 l Our Contributors 8 l Our Readers Write 10 l Pocket Water Alaska bans felt soles in southeast region. Stimulus dollars dedicated to mine clean-up. Important

Departments public lands measure signed into law. 13 l Question and Answer With Robb Brady, former editor-publisher of the Idaho Falls Post Register.

49 l Actionline Second dam removed on the Musky. Habitat improved on a wild brook trout stream in Allegany State Park. Conditions improve on Washington’s Miller Creek.

56 l The Art of Angling Trout profiles: Cutthroat trout. BY DAVE WHITLOCK

64 l Native Fish Coaster brook trout. BY DR. ROBERT BEHNKE DENVER BRYAN

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Trout Unlimited Board of Trustees

Chairman of the Board National Leadership Council Oakleigh Thorne, MILLBROOK, NEW YORK Representatives State Council Chairs

Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees, ARIZONA, Fred Fillmore ARIZONA, Jeff Collins Chairman of the ARKANSAS, Ray Smith ARKANSAS, Dennis McCarty National Leadership Council CALIFORNIA, Jamie Hunter CALIFORNIA, Drew Irby John “Duke” Welter, EAU CLAIRE, WISCONSIN COLORADO, Tom Krol COLORADO, Ken Neubecker CONNECTICUT, Ted Gardziel CONNECTICUT, Jim Glowienka President GEORGIA, Larry Vigil GEORGIA, Charlie Breithaupt Charles F. Gauvin, ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA IDAHO, Todd Carter IDAHO, Carmen Northen ILLINOIS, Greg Prosen ILLINOIS, Ed Michael Secretary IOWA, Brett Lorenzen IOWA, Gary Arner Mark T. Gates, PALO ALTO , CALIFORNIA KENTUCKY, Frank Elsen KENTUCKY, Chris Shaughnessy MAINE, Bill Oleszczuk MAINE, Dan Daly Treasurer MASSACHUSETTS/RHODE ISLAND, Mark Hattman MASSACHUSETTS/RHODE ISLAND, Peter Schilling Harris Hyman IV, WASHINGTON, DC MICHIGAN, Pat Kochanny MICHIGAN, Kimberly Wetton MID-ATLANTIC, Bruce Eberle MID-ATLANTIC, Allan Dale Secretary of the National Leadership Council MINNESOTA, Bob Lange MINNESOTA, John Lenczewski Larry Harris, MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA MISSOURI, Curt Morgret MISSOURI, John Wenzlick MONTANA, Tom Anacker MONTANA, Doug Nation Legal Advisor NEW HAMPSHIRE, Adam Bronstein NEW HAMPSHIRE, David Magnon David Armstrong, Esq., NEW JERSEY, Rich Thomas NEW JERSEY, Rick Axt GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA NEW MEXICO, Kevin Reilly NEW MEXICO, Bill Schudlich NEW YORK, Dee Maciejewski NEW YORK, Ron Urban Loren Albright, SANDPOINT, ID NORTH CAROLINA, Tim Willhelm NORTH CAROLINA, Dave Maeda Jan Allardt, GREENWICH, CT OHIO, Thomas Allen OHIO, Jim Augustyn OKLAHOMA, James K. Asselstine, NEW YORK, NY Mike Scott OKLAHOMA, Scott Hood OREGON, Robert Bernard OREGON, Tom Wolf Sherry Brainerd, RANCHO SANTA FE, CA PENNSYLVANIA, Jack Williams PENNSYLVANIA, David Rothrock Jon Christiansen, MILWAUKEE, WI SOUTH CAROLINA, Tom McInnis SOUTH CAROLINA, Meta Armstrong Charles Conn, KETCHUM, ID TENNESSEE, Steve Brown TENNESSEE, George Lane Paul Doscher, Concord, NH TEXAS, Mick McCorcle TEXAS, Greg Neubauer UTAH, Brock Richardson TAH Bill Egan, JACKSON, WY U , Robert Dibblee VERMONT, Chris Moore VERMONT, Chris Moore Lawrence Finch, WILSON, WY VIRGINIA, Tom Sadler VIRGINIA, John Ross David Goeddel, Ph.D., HILLSBOROUGH, CA WASHINGTON, Bob Stroup WASHINGTON, Mark Taylor Wallace Henderson, NEW YORK, NY WEST VIRGINIA, John Richard WEST VIRGINIA, Chris Shockey Patsy Ishiyama, SAN FRANCISCO, CA WISCONSIN, Daniel Wisniewski WISCONSIN, Bill Heart WYOMING, John Deakins WYOMING, George Jenkins, ST. DAVIDS, PA Dave Sweet Eaddo Kiernan, GREENWICH, CT Sharon Lance, CENTENNIAL, CO Coldwater Conservation Fund Paul Maciejewski, ELMA, NY Chair Directors Perk Perkins Nancy Mackinnon, MANCHESTER CENTER, VT Theodore Roosevelt, IV Gay Barclay Richard Reagan Sanjeev Mehra, GREENWICH, CT John Bell Leigh Seippel Vice Chair Rick Murphree, KNOXVILLE, TN Phil Belling Thomas Stoddard Hamilton E. James Kirkwood Otey, CHARLOTTE, NC Allan E. Bulley, Jr. Robert E. Strawbridge III Timothy C. Collins Robert J. Teufel George J. Records, OKLAHOMA CITY, OK Secretary James F. Kelley Michael De Vlaming Flinn Whitney Tilt Theodore Roosevelt, IV, BROOKLYN, NY Jim Eden Paul Vahldiek Mike Slater, KALKASKA, MI Ex-Officio Steven Gewirz Henry Wendt Michael “Squeak” Smith, MORGANTON, NC Charles F. Gauvin John B. Howard, Esq. George A. Wiegers Elizabeth Storer, TUCSON, AZ Oakleigh Thorne David P. Hunt John “Duke” Welter Charles M. Johnson Director Emeritus Mark Ullman, NEW CANAAN, CT John McCosker, PhD. Thomas W. Offutt, III Stephen T. Moss J. Steven Renkert Edmond Opler, Jr. Margaret D. Keller

Clark Fork River Ranch “Fly Fishing’s Last Best Place” 1959 –2009

CONGRATULATIONS TROUT UNLIMITED ON FIFTY PROUD YEARS OF CONSERVATION OF NORTH AMERICA’S COLD WATER FISHERIES

THE PERRIN/LANSING CHAPTER INVITES ALL TU MEMBERS TO VISIT OUR WEBSITE FOR UNIQUE MICHIGAN CELEBRATORY FUN

406-207-0673 GO TO WWW.LANSING-TU.ORG www.clarkforkriverranch.org ______

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From the President SUMMER 2009 • VOLUME 51 • NUMBER 3 Charles F. Gauvin [ ] EDITOR Steven R. Kinsella ASSOCIATE EDITOR Hannah Moulton Belec Trout Unlimited Paying Tribute to Art Neumann 1300 North 17th Street Suite 500 In the years following the Second World War, American industrial power wrought Arlington, VA 22209-3801 Ph: (703) 522-0200 many changes in the landscape, perhaps nowhere more profoundly than in Fax: (703) 284-9400 Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, the hub of the nation’s automotive industry, and the [email protected]______www.tu.org eventual birthplace of a fledgling conservation group called “Trout, Unlimited.” DESIGN The automobile begot legions of suburbanites, people with one foot in the new grayHouse design industrial economy and the other in an older, more rural realm. Preserving that way [email protected] of life meant fostering industry (“What’s good for GM is good for the country”) while DISPLAY ADVERTISING Hannah Moulton Belec maintaining access to the great outdoors. Yet economic growth was taxing Michigan’s [email protected] and the nation’s environment in unprecedented ways. One symptom of the larger Automobile advertising only: problem was that Michigan’s fish managers were peddling assembly-line trout from Ron Englehart Ph: (248) 340-2544 x13 hatcheries while ignoring habitat conservation. No one understood the suburban Fax: (248) 340-5966 duality’s implications for coldwater fish and the environment better than TU’s found- [email protected] ing fathers—people like George Mason, George Griffith and Art Neumann—who ini- TROUT UNLIMITED’S MISSION: tiated a brand of sportsmen activism that would change the face of fishery management To conserve, protect and and, ultimately, environmentalism. restore North Among this group, it was Neumann who gave TU its sustaining philosophy— America’s coldwater fish- “What’s good for trout and salmon is good for fishermen” and something more: He eries and their took the TU philosophy and brand beyond Michigan’s trout streams into the stream of watersheds.

interstate commerce. The automobile, after all, meant that anglers nationwide would Trout (ISSN 0041-3364) is be on the move, both within their own states and beyond. published four times a year in January, April, July, and October That is how I remember my own path to TU. My father and I took to the road by Trout Unlimited as a service to fish in places still wild, in little pockets of southern New England woodland and to its members. Annual individual membership for U.S. residents in the greater expanse of Maine’s North Woods. Having come of age as an angler, I is $35, $40US for residents of later came of age as an environmentalist, and the first group I joined was TU. I did Canada and $55US for residents of all other countries. All told, TU so because joining meant that I was part of saving both fish and rivers in my home offers 10 membership categories. state and beyond. Join or renew online at www.tu.org. Art built TU to thrive as a volunteer-oriented organization in the Automotive Age, TU does occasionally make its mailing list available to like-minded but his vision continues to drive TU in today’s Information Age. He grouped his early organizations. Please contact us apostles into a highly mobile and dedicated activist network. Today, the network Art at the address above if you would designed commands a $30 million annual budget and employs more than 120 pro- like your name withheld. Postmaster send address fessional scientists, grassroots organizers, lawyers and policy experts, who, together changes to: with volunteer activists, make TU the nation’s leading river and fisheries conservation Trout Magazine organization. Trout Unlimited 1300 North 17th Street We practice conservation on a scale far beyond anything Art and the TU founders Suite 500 likely imagined. But the protection of wild fish and wild rivers remains our focus, and Arlington, VA 22209-3801 our greatest resource is still the energy and enthusiasm of dedicated anglers who know, as Art put it, that “trout fishing isn’t just fishing for trout.” Many of us have good ideas, and some have great ideas. But only the most exceptional person can take his or her great idea and build an enduring institution around it. Art did both, and as we gather this summer in Michigan to celebrate TU’s 50th birthday, we’ll be honoring his legacy.

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From the Editor [ Steven R. Kinsella]

The Nexus of Trout and History One of the most incredible experiences in my life was hearing about who TU members thought deserved to be on the list of the 10 TU heroes featured in this issue of Trout. The exercise not only allowed me to delve into the history of the organization, which is fascinating in itself, but also to explore the lives and work of some of the most important conservationists of the 20th century. For someone whose two primary recreational passions are trout fishing and history, the experience was exhilarating. Needless to say, paring the list to 10 was not easy, but those 10 speak volumes about what TU is all about and the role the organization has played in the conservation of the nation’s trout and salmon resources. Had George Griffith not banded together his friends and fellow anglers on the morning of July 18, 1959 to “protect and preserve trout and trout fishing,” and had TU not been born at that moment on the banks of the Au Sable, the history of America’s coldwater resources would have been far different, and I think it’s fair to say, much grimmer.

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Bob Andrus, a retired school teacher, lives on the Au Sable’s “Holy Waters” with Maggie the set- ter. Bob is a member of Grayling’s Mason-Griffith Founders Chapter of Trout Unlimited, a former chairman of the Michigan Council and recipi- ent of TU’s Distinguished Service Award. He has been chairman of the Au Sable River Watershed Restoration Committee for the past 20 years.

Dr. Robert Behnke is one of the world’s fore- most experts on North America’s native trout and

Our Contributors Educate & Teach salmon species. He is the author of Trout and Salmon of North America and About Trout as well as more than 100 Conservation to articles and papers on fish and fisheries. His “About + 3TUDENTS Trout” column appeared in Trout for over 20 years. Try Trout in the Classroom where students He now authors the “Native Fish” column. raise trout from eggs to fry, engage in stream habitat study, foster a conservation ethic and grow to understand ecosystems. worked in insurance, account- Email [email protected]______or call Beth Duris EXTFORMOREINFORMATION ing and government affairs before launching her editorial career at The Nature Conservancy a little over a decade ago. She came to TU in 2003 as editor of Trout, a position she held until 2008, and she now serves as TU’s director of development com- Proud Partner of: munications. On weekends you can usually find Trout Unlimited’s Trout in the Classroom Program her exploring Washington, D.C.’s used bookstores, ______www.thatpetplace.como-888-842-8738 jogging through Rock Creek Park or sitting around, reading.

Josi Etter has been illustrating Trout’s native fish column since spring 2006. Born in Germany and currently living in upstate New York, Josi is an award-winning artist whose paintings and photography have been displayed in galleries throughout the world. She combines her passions for painting, fishing and conservation through her business, sketchandrelease.com, which specializes in custom-painted trophy fish.

Cover photographer Brian Grossenbacher is the author of Tying Flies Workstation and Fly Fishing Montana, a full-color guide to Montana’s top waters co-authored by his wife Jenny. Brian’s photography has appeared in Trout, Fly Rod & Reel, The Drake, Field & Stream and Fly Fish America among others. Brian and Jenny live in Bozeman, Mont. with their two daughters and three labs.

Randy Scholfield is communications director Elevate your fly fishing to a new for TU’s Western Water Project. He previously was level with the Original BlueSky an editorial writer and columnist for The Wichita Eagle, Furled Leader. Sizes for all fish & where he wrote about environmental and water issues. fishing conditions. Amazing casting. Randy also worked at the Great Plains Earth Institute, The Leader in Furled Leaders.TM where he helped start community gardening and environmental education projects. In his free time, Learn more at FurledLeaders.com

he enjoys outdoor activities with his wife and two chil- [email protected] • Ph/Fax 920-430-1239 dren and pursues a lifelong passion for travel and fly-fishing in the West. 1163 Garland St., Green Bay,Wis. 54301 USA

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Our Readers Write

Your article about ORV use on admission of the destructive nature nance personnel. I have hunted deer public lands (fall 2008 “The of the sport itself. Pride, backbone, and antelope within site of a drilling Road Not Traveled”) immediately and a willingness to face this threat rig and producing well heads but I caught my interest. I have been head-on is the challenge of the day. don’t even see any big game animals involved in a 10-year controversy I hope Trout Unlimited answers around the windmills. State and local over the use of the Amery-Dresser the call. governments and wildlife agencies State Trail, which is a part of Edward M. Moersfelder have received generous amounts of the Wisconsin state trails and Amery, Wisc. money and in kind services to be state parks systems. In the course used towards the rehabilitation and of that process I have learned Unfortunately, in “The Wisdom replacement of wildlife habitat from some important lessons and now of Theodore Gordon” Dr. Behnke oil and gas producing companies. understand some of the impor- drew an erroneous conclusion about It might sound like green energy to tant myths about off-road vehicle Gordon’s relationship with the young some but it still looks like a sacrifice use. We cannot count on our lady he is famously photographed with of habitat to me. local, state and federal resource along the Neversink River. [He also] Will Davis agencies to protect our natural reported Gordon to be age 60 upon Evanston, Wyo. resources. As your article points his death. [He] was 61. out, severely insufficient funding Jeff L. Larmer is available to enforce restrictions I am confused by the current trend Bozeman, Mont. that are now in place. While there in fly fishing philosophy. It seems are many dedicated people in Editor’s note: Read the previous two to me, at least, that many of those all agencies attempting to carry who pursue fly fishing these days letters in their entirety at ______TU.ORG/BLOG . out the mandate to husband our are enamored with the idea of days natural environment, the political long gone and attempt to capture pressure by motorized interests I’ve lived in Wyoming all of my life the essence of fly fishing through and lobby groups, and the money and have hunted and fished the state mechanics alone. I call attention that can be brought to bear, can- while making my living working for to an article that appeared in the not be overestimated. the oil and gas companies for a good spring 2009 issue of Trout. The There is a myth that we can all portion of it. I take some excep- author sates that in Theodore “just get along” using the same tion to the call for a mass reduction Gordon’s time it was popular for natural areas for all uses. The of the use of these products and well-to-do people from large cities answer to the “just get along” their replacement with “clean” power to vacation in the Catskills. This assertion, supported by numerous sources. I invite your readers to take might have been true in the late sources, is that motorized and non- a look at a wind farm up close. The 1800s and into the early part of the motorized uses in the same area are generation of electricity may not be a 1900s but when I grew up fishing incompatible. Simply put, motor- carbon based energy source but it is the Neversink, Schoharie, Esopus, ized and non-motorized uses cannot definitely not totally environmentally and the Beaverkill in the 1940s and “just get along” because motorized friendly either. Acres of the earth’s 1950s, I found that many of those uses diminish the resource for surface are stripped of natural veg- who plied those fabled waters were non-motorized users. TU and all etation that supported all varieties of of limited means. But the thing that other organizations whose mis- wildlife and protected the watersheds bound us all together (young and sions support sustainability of our and are turned into gravel roads, old) was the lore that pervaded that public natural resources should be windmill pads, transmission lines region. The love of fly fishing caused very careful of choosing the wrong and substations. The old two track us to treat the water we fished as if bedfellows. Compromise with the roads that were once mostly trav- it was our sole aim to preserve it for motor sports industry will only lead eled by a few hunters in the autumn the future. Not so today. Whenever to more demands. The creation of seasons are now improved graveled I revisit those waters today I find “sacrifice areas” is not only poor roadways that see daily traffic from them ruined beyond recognition resource management; it is an overt the construction crews and mainte- by those who think that fly fishing

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Yellow Mountain is only good for putting money into I was very disappointed to read the cash registers. copy in the ad for Costa Del Mar Preserve This same issue of Trout has an sunglasses on page one of the spring editorial stating that TU is 50 years 2009 issue. It reads: “Repels glare, Fishing, Hiking, Relaxing old. And that the original aim of TU haze and worm dunkers.” Our chap- is to conserve the fresh water fisheries ter, Sac-Sierra, 926, is constantly Highly Protected of this country for future generations. trying to assure interested potential Land Surrounded by How we go about this is the challenge members that TU is an organization 17,000 Acres for everyone who casts flies over fish. dedicated to the preservation of cold- For if the fish die due to pollution can water fisheries, not a fly fishing club. NC/TN Line at 4,000-5,000ft humans be far behind? I, for one, Gary Slade think not. Pioneer, Calif. Those of us who hold dear and Rent true to the idea that fly fishing has Experience a mystique all its own can only weep Your Letters: Buy over the misuse the art of fly fishing Readers are invited to submit letters on has undergone over the past 20 years. anything that appears in Trout. We may Acreage & Cabins All to the point that fly fishing today edit submissions for clarity or length. Available cannot be equated to what we had (and Send letters to: Our Readers Write lost) from the past. TROUT UNLIMITED I pray that TU keeps up its good 1300 N. 17th St., Suite 500 work for we all live down stream. Arlington, VA 22209-3801 Howard Krauss [email protected].______Oxford, Ohio

______Blog Rollup A sample of what our tech-savvy readers are saying about the issues. Visit tu.org/blog to voice your opinions.

Trout’s Conservation Agenda I applaud the list of items, some more than others, but they all hold importance for cold water fisheries and the essential habitat that is needed to support them. –Jim

The information supporting man-made global warming is, at best, inconclu- sive, and, at worst, purposefully deceptive. –M.J.

Your platform is good except you should add addressing population growth. See Our Classified Ad Every issue is affected by it and you may win all those battles today, but you will not win the war until we realize it and take action on that. Otherwise, I don’t understand all the rage about climate change. No matter what camp you’re in about it, every step we take towards thwarting climate change is a step we take for cleaner air, a healthier environment and populace. –Dave

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Pocket Water news bits and bytes

Landmark Public Lands Measure Signed into Law n March, a bipartisan majority of the U.S. Congress I passed and President Obama signed into law a major public lands measure that will protect and preserve millions of acres of the nation’s best wild places, including important trout and salmon resources. The Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, which Trout Unlimited played a lead role in helping to pass, establishes two million more acres as wilderness, gives designated scenic river status to more than 1,000 river miles, and adds land for national trails. Steve Kandell, director of TU’s Sportsmen’s Conservation Project, said that passage of the measure is just the beginning of efforts to protect public land. “Make no mistake about it,” Kandell said. “This bill is the beginning, not the end. More and more anglers and hunters are recognizing the inextricable link between access, habitat protection, and hunting and angling opportunity. Thanks to Joaquin River in California, and to promote collaborative this bill, our children and grandchildren will be able to enjoy solutions to other water disputes. public lands and all they offer.” The omnibus public lands package was the result of years The new law will help prevent new oil and gas develop- of work and public lobbying by conservationists, includ- ment on 1.2 million acres of the Wyoming Range, an area that ing TU. The measure, a collection of 170 different bills, provides vital habitat and fishing and hunting opportunities encountered snags earlier in the year when it required a for native trout, as well as mule deer and elk. It also estab- two-thirds vote in the House of Representatives. lishes the Copper Salmon Wilderness in southern Oregon, “This is very rewarding,” said Tom Reed, field coor- which protects 13,000 acres of old growth forest along the dinator for Trout Unlimited who worked extensively on headwaters of the Elk River, protects the Gunnison Gorge in the Wyoming Range Legacy Act, one of the bills contained Colorado and establishes about 400,000 acres of new wil- within the larger omnibus act. “It has been a long and dif- derness in California, including a 40,000-acre expansion ficult road, but Congress acted on behalf of hunters and to the Hoover Wilderness on the Eastern Sierra. The bill anglers who understand the need for intact habitat if we are also includes measures to end water disputes along the San to continue enjoying our pastimes.”

TU’s efforts highlighted in Blu-ray release of A River Runs Through It Robert Redford’s 1992 adaptation of Norman Maclean’s book A River Runs Through It and Other Stories is scheduled to be re-released in Blu-ray in July of 2009. The movie will be packaged in a 32-page collectible book priced at $38.96 and will feature new material, documentaries and featurettes on the disc, including a seg- ment on the work of TU’s Big Blackfoot Chapter to restore the Blackfoot River, the setting of Maclean’s story. Blu-ray is the next-generation optical disc format and was developed to enable recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video. If you haven’t seen the

film enough times already, go to ______TU.ORG/BLOG to catch a quick clip.

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Colorado Shell Game rout Unlimited is opposing efforts by Shell Exploration & Production T Company to secure a 15 billion gallon water right for oil-shale development from Colorado’s Yampa River and a storage right of 45,000 acre- feet. The Denver Post reported that the company is seeking a conditional water right to take up to 375 cubic feet per second or about 8 percent of the river’s average flow from April to June. The Yampa is the last major undammed river in Colorado, and one of the last rivers in the state with unclaimed water. It is a popular wild trout river. Brown trout, rainbows, cutthroats and brook trout live in the Yampa’s upper reaches. Felt-Soled Boot Ban Shell’s proposal has drawn protests from a wide range of conservation organi- in Southeast Alaska zations, federal and state agencies and local governments. TU’s Drew Peternell, director of the Colorado Water Project, filed an objection to Shell’s effort to t its February meeting, the secure the water right. “Shell’s proposal would be a deathblow to fish and stream A Alaska Board of Fisheries health in the lower Yampa River and would exhaust Colorado’s remaining share announced a ban on felt-soled of water under the Colorado River Compact,” says Peternell. wading gear in fresh waters in the southeast region of the state beginning on January 1, 2011. In making the decision, the board noted that, although not documented in Alaska, studies show traveling anglers trans- mit fish diseases and felt-soled wading newsnws from om the world wo of o fisheries s sscnc science. boots are thought to be one of the primary culprits. The announcement follows TU’s 2008 call for fishing gear manufac- EveryEvery year,year, agencies load turers to eliminate production of jjuvenileuvenile salmonsalmon andand steelheadsteelhead felt-soled waders and wading boots onto barges to transport them around by the year 2011 to help reduce the thethe lower SnakeSnake River Dams, because the dams spread of whirling disease, didymo, disruptdisrupt thethe fish’sfish’s downstreamdownstream passage. But scientists New Zealand mud snails and other from the UniversitUniversityy of Idaho recentlyrecently found that the prac- invasive threats to coldwater fisheries. tice actuallyactually lowered thehee number ofo returningreturning adult fish. The The announcement was the first time TU has made a request of the fishing researchersearchersarchers monitored the upstreamupstream behaviorbehavior equipment industry to adjust the way Salmon off adult salmon and steelheadsteelsteelh one to three years it makes gear. It comes amid grow- afterfter theythey were bargedbarged downstreamddo and found Shouldn’t thathat barged fish had higherhhighig straying rates andd ing concern over the environmental Hitchhike impact of felt-soled equipment on wereere 1.7 to 3.4 times moremo likely to move backk rivers due to the spread of aquatic downstreamwnstream when encounteringencenco dams. Thee nuisance species. tendency to fall back downstreamownstream signisigsignificantly increases energyy While felt-soled waders and boots expenditure for the fish. TheTh study also shows that bargingbarging aren’t the only means by which invasive appears to significantly disrupt juvenile homing instincts,instincts, species can travel from one body of which are crucial to successful adult migrations. water to another, due to its composi- —J—Jackack WiWilliams,lliams, TUTU’s’s senior scientist tion, felt is extremely difficult to clean EEcologicalcological Applications, 22008;008; 18(8): and sanitize. For more information 11888-1900888-1900 on felt-soled boots’ role in spreading invasives, visit tu.org/whirlingdisease or whirling-disease.org.

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Rivers Worldwide Taking a Hit Due to Climate Change ivers in some of the world’s’s R most populous regions arere losing water, according too a comprehensive study of globalal stream flows. The research, led by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., suggests that the reduced flows in many cases are associated with climate change. The scientists, who examined stream flows from 1948 to 2004, found significant changes in about one-third of the world’s largest rivers. Of those, rivers with decreased flow 50 Waters, 50 states, 50 days outnumbered those with increased Father and son duo Jeff Turner and Taylor Turner will embark on a nationwide flow by a ratio of about 2.5-to-1. quest to fish 50 trophy waters in 50 states in 50 days. The journey, which For example, in the United States, begins on June 13, 2009, will span an estimated 15,000 miles by land, 6,000 the Columbia River’s flow declined miles by air (including Alaska and Hawaii) and cover 500 miles by water. by about 14 percent during the 1948- Turner and his 17-year-old son are embarking on the trip to help “inspire others across the nation to realize their dreams for adventure and connect 2004 study period, largely because once again.” of reduced precipitation and higher The Turners are encouraging the public to go online and pledge a finan- water usage in the West. Flows on cial contribution for every fish they catch. The contributions will go to one the Mississippi River, however, have of several charities that contributors can select, including Trout Unlimited. increased by 22 percent over the same To follow their journey online, go to fish5050.com. period because of greater precipitation across the Midwest since 1948.

Stimulus Dollars for Mine Clean-Up he stimulus package, which passed the Congress earlier this T year, includes over $100 million to help clean up abandoned mines in the West. Approximately $105 million of the $787 billion American Recovery and Reinvestment Act will go to the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service for mine clean-up. The agencies are currently in the process of determining which projects they will undertake. TU has long argued for a greater federal commitment to the clean-up of abandoned mines, many of which pollute headwaters of trout and salmon streams throughout the West. The stimulus dollars will help to reduce pollution from the worst offending abandoned mines, and the work associated with the restoration projects will create jobs. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, at least 40 percent of the headwaters of western watersheds have been adversely affected by hard rock mining.

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Question & Answer With Robb Brady »

Robb Brady, former editor-publisher of the Idaho Falls Post Register, is proud of the newspaper’s conservation voice over the years and remains active on the editorial board. But there’s one editorial crusade he wishes had never happened: the newspaper’s endorsement of the 1976 Teton Dam near Rexburg, Idaho in the 1970s, which TU actively opposed. Shortly after completion, the dam collapsed, flooding downstream towns, killing several people and countless animals, and costing hundreds of millions in damage.

What was the Post Register’s role in supporting Teton Dam? We had a political editor at the time who was a strong booster of building dams. In those years, I don’t think we were as environmentally acute. Dams were seen as wonderful things back then. The perceived benefits, of course, Brady is the former editor-publisher of a news- were additional water for eastern Idaho’s agricultural economy and its adren- paper that promoted the building of the ill- alizing of other business as well. We didn’t think of the Teton River and its fated Teton Dam in the 1970s. natural resources and trout value.

Did the Teton Dam disaster change the way you or Idahoans look at water and natural resources? Yes, it certainly did. After the disaster, when the Post Register examined We didn’t the documents by Bureau of Reclamation engineers in the record under- scoring the value of building the dam, we quickly found out that the bureau- think of the cracy ignored the concerns of at least two Bureau engineers pointing [out] the weaknesses of the proposed site, particularly the fractured rock lining Teton River [of] the canyon where the dam was to be built. Of course, these concerns were most valid, as the failure of the dam demonstrated. There was a lot of and its natural rethinking by a lot of Idahoans, including the Post Register, on the values of a free-flowing river, with its excellent fishery and the natural resource resources and importance of that canyon. trout value. Should the Teton Dam be rebuilt? [The new proposals are] ultimate nonsense. I just can’t see people along the Snake River supporting it. First, I certainly question that any new dam can escape the fractured rock problem encasing the Teton River Canyon. And even more important is the value of keeping the Teton River the free flowing beauty it is. There are a lot of good options for meeting the state’s water supply needs—and building a dam is not one of them.

What should we learn from the Teton disaster? Dams like Teton, like most, are an interruption of a natural river resource. What is preventing salmon and steelhead recovery now? The dams. I have written, I don’t know how many editorials, calling for removal of the four lower Snake River dams in Washington as opening the gate to a solution to salmon and steelhead recovery. Fish biologists have been saying this for years. Yes, admittedly, Idaho has relied on hydropower for a major part of its electricity. It’s been a vital energy source. [But] as development continues virtually unlimited, more of the public is beginning to wonder what naturalness is left for future generations. And I haven’t heard of a fish-friendly dam.

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Watersheds [ by Christopher Camuto] The Next Best Thing

SOMETIMES IT’S JUST ABOUT THE We should always return, and TU had the luck to begin its fishing and the next best thing is that return as frequently as we can, to the organizational mission when solving a trout will rise or that the line will recreational pleasure of angling—the environmental problems was man- tighten with the take of a good fish on health-inducing, spirit-lifting benefits ageable on a local and regional level. a nymph. Sometimes the tunnel vision of it that have been celebrated in print To a certain extent, that continues to of trout fishing is what we want—the at least since Izaak Walton’s The Compleat be the case. We can still teach habitat water rushing around our knees, trees Angler. But if you are reading this col- improvement techniques, roll rocks leaning over the bank, thick ribbons umn as a member of Trout Unlimited, and build check dams. We can still of current negotiating folds of river your interest in trout fishing reaches encourage restoration and protection rocks and thrumming the soggy teeth beyond your hours on stream into an of native fisheries instead of hatch- of mossy sweepers. And we are at the appreciation of nature, into awareness ery-supported put-and-take waters. center of it all, taking a break from of environmental problems, and into We can work against point sources other things. concern for the long-term ecological of pollution, over-development, Sometimes we just want to lose health of this planet. Trout fishing and poor watershed management ourselves on a river, be just an angler has led us all on, from the pleasures of practices. In its early years, TU cut its intent to ply a self-absorbed obsession angling to concern for the future. teeth teaching a generation of anglers that requires neither explanation nor apology. We drive to water we know, grab gear that’s always ready, slam the If you are reading this column as a member of car door on ordinary life for a few Trout Unlimited, your interest in trout fishing hours. We know our spots and approach them smugly, like bears. In the river, we reaches beyond your hours on stream into wade slowly, moving over and around an appreciation of nature, into awareness of obstacles with authority. We read the environmental problems, and into concern for season, the day, the water before us. Time itself disappears into our intent the long-term ecological health of this planet. boyishness or girlishness. We pull flies from the clips of worn fly boxes as if we I have the good fortune to teach at how to solve such problems, and they were making a profound choice. We tie a university, where thinking about the remain worth addressing. But when knots carefully as surgeons do and cast future in relation to the past and present in the 1970s and 1980s, TU took on effortlessly, turning that last three feet is always the work of the day. I’m a baby national issues like forest policy and of leader any which way we want, gently boomer and was in college decades ago acid deposition, it stepped forward dropping a fly at the head of a deep run during the first Earth Day. Working with into the national and international of current we know for a fact holds a college students keeps me keenly aware environmental movement. Its educa- fish. We set the hook before the trout of what youth is—its expectations and tional mission, however well wrapped knows it’s on the feed and release the needs, its talents and naiveté, its hopes in the pleasures of angling, was clear. hefty vivacity of it with satisfaction. Or and fears. Being around college students To its credit, TU stayed focused on we draw a blank and move on. Same doesn’t make me want to be young again; trout and salmon, reasoning wisely thing. We fish the run, the pool, the it makes me want to be wiser, more useful that paying attention to the ecological shallow riff and wade farther, up a to the young. I think that is also close to needs of cold-water fisheries would mountain or through a meadow. We’re the heart of TU’s mission—to be useful lead TU in a highly disciplined way to fishing, just fishing. to the future. A tall order. a full palette of environmental issues.

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generation grew up understanding that every day is Earth Day—or ought to be. They have never been unaware of the environmental, economic and political stresses on this over-populated planet. They grew up recycling, committed to protecting endangered species, demanding clean air, clean water, clean energy and puzzling over the mounting evidence of global climate change. This new historical moment, however problematic, is exciting. The young don’t want doom and gloom; they want guidance about what’s next to do. They want to get to work solving problems. At Bucknell University, where I teach, we are rethinking our entire curriculum to make sure we are speaking forcefully about the principal, practical and philosophical issue of this new historical moment—sustainability. In the universe of the university, you can approach sustainability from many points of view—engineering and business management, chemistry and environmental studies, classical philosophy and literature, economics and history, poetry and film. This cultural shift in education is good for Trout Unlimited. In fact, it’s right up TU’s alley. What has TU’s mission been about all along if not sustainability? A wild trout in its native habitat is a compact example of the Earth working well, of the deep ecology of things taking its course, of sustainability in action. Fishing is not an escape; it is a way of engaging everything that matters. I know from experience that the best of this current generation have great energy, But during those years, concern for the the next generation of TU members— prodigious gifts and a global awareness environment seemed optional to some; grew up. This is a generation that that is heartening. The next best thing environmentalism was sometimes mis- was always aware of the environment is to teach them well and to bring them labeled as a fringe concern, a fad. and of environmental problems and into Trout Unlimited. Sometime between the 1990s and challenges. The first Earth Day was a now, we moved into a new historical celebration of the re-discovery of this Chris’ most recent book, Time & Tide in moment, the moment in which the planet as an ecological habitat that Acadia: Seasons on Mount Desert Island, was current generation of my students—and needed to be respected. But this current released in May by W. W. Norton.

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A Previous Page Contents Zoom In Zoom Out Front Cover Search Issue Next Page BEF MaGS A Previous Page Contents Zoom In Zoom Out Front Cover Search Issue Next Page BEF MaGS Unlimitedted Salmon:and Salmon: Trout Unlimited’sTrout Unlimited’s First 50 Years First BY50 BETH Years DURIS

“The genius of Trout Unlimited, if I may preach to the choir, was to include the angler in the wild life of any watershed, to give our love of fishing—a time honored pastime—a place in the ecology of things.” —Christopher Camuto, Trout magazine, winter 2009

Tom Dornack first discovered wild browns lurking in Minnesota’s Trout Run back in the 1970s. The narrow stream ran through corn fields and cattle pastures on its way to his future wife’s house, and he remembers fishing it most every weekend. Through the years, he watched erosion take its toll, and by the early 1980s, he’d had enough. A commercial painter by trade, he taught himself stream restoration and teamed up with two other members of TU’s Hiawatha Chapter, Gary Sobotta and Dave Hackbarth, to roll back the clock on a mile of stream. Twenty years and nearly four miles of stream later, they’re still going strong. Fish populations have improved dramatically on restored stretches, and the project now anchors a multi-state, multi-million-dollar TU effort to restore spring creeks throughout the entire Driftless region. In its scale, the Driftless restoration far exceeds anything TU’s founders would have imagined. In fact, the same could be said for the entire organization, which now has 140,000 members working out of more than 400 chapters nationwide. But it’s a straight line back from Dornack, Sobotta, Hackbarth—and thousands like them—to the Michigan anglers who launched TU. “You never saw such a dedicated, sincere, hard- working group of trout conservationists in your life,” founding member Art Neumann once observed of his early colleagues. “They had no time for anything but the job they wanted to do based on their deep-seated love of the sport.” That’s always been true. And it’s always been the secret to TU’s success.

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George Mason (left) and George Griffith (right) envisioned an organization modeled after Ducks Unlimited, but dedicated to protecting wild trout streams.

’s story begins pollution, poor trout management and “There was a need for in 1950, with a a hatchery system that was pumping some organization chance meet- 1.5 million catchable trout a year into ing on the Michigan’s streams. to be thinking about famedTU Holy Waters of the Au Sable. Two Griffith was receptive. Like Mason, where the trout come men named George—American Motors he had noticed that the wild brown CEO George Mason and prominent trout he remembered seemed to be from—where they live conservationist George Griffith—were disappearing, replaced by anemic waiting in line to launch their skiffs for put-and-take hatchery fish. He too and what kind of home a day’s float down the river. wanted to do something about it. they have—rather than A charter member of Ducks “There was a need for some organi- Unlimited, Mason imagined a new zation to be thinking about where the just the harvest.” organization built on the DU model trout come from—where they live and —TU founder George Griffith but dedicated to protecting his first what kind of home they have—rather love, wild trout streams, which were than just the harvest,” Griffith recalled suffering acutely under the weight of many years later, in Trout.

1959 1963 TU is born at the home of Michigan DNR halts put-and- Highlights From George Grifﬁ th on the banks take trout stocking. of the Au Sable River. TU’s First 50 Years 1967 1962 George Grant and fellow Art Neumann takes over as TUers in Montana stop president and signs up 30 efforts to build the Reichle new chapters. Dam on the Big Hole River.

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It took some time—nine years to be Mason, sadly, was not among six sentences that emphasized the exact—to “make some medicine on the them, having passed away a few years importance of “fishing for sport, idea” as Griffith liked to say, but on earlier. But the group did include a rather than food” and asserted that September 5, 1959, Trout, Unlimited rod maker and wild trout evangelist “what’s good for trout is good for trout (the comma was later dropped) held from Saginaw named Art Neumann. fishermen.” its first official meeting in Grayling, Neumann ran a much-revered rod In its focus on habitat and catch- Mich. In attendance were more than shop in his backyard, and his late- and-release—or “fishing for fun” as 250 members, friends and media night conversations with the faithful they called it then—TU was revolution- representatives. became TU’s founding philosophy, ary. As a Trout magazine story later

An early meeting of TU’s Scientific Advisory Board and Montana officials, 1962.

1970 1975 1978 TU successfully advocates for TU receives $50,000 to launch TU spearheads a successful a ban on high-seas fi shing for Operation Restore, the prede- campaign to protect the Atlantic salmon. cessor to Embrace-A-Stream. Yellowstone River from the Allen Spur Dam. 1971 TU initiates legal action to stop the 1979 Teton Dam in Idaho but runs out of TU’s national offi ce moves to money to appeal a negative court Washington, D.C. decision. The dam fails before it is completely fi lled, killing 11 people. George Grant

GEORGE GRANT FAMILY ARCHIVES FAMILY GRANT GEORGE Teton Dam site 19 TROUT SUMMER 2009

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observed, in the 1950s and 60s, ‘“wild take stocking program and adopted new trout’ was a seldom-used term, and the policies to manage rivers and streams for concepts of resident, native and wild healthy habitat and wild trout. were muddled and interchangeable. To Neumann, who was then TU’s come right out and suggest that products temporary and unpaid executive of nature were somehow preferable to director, started hearing from people those of the hatchery was impertinent, across the country. Anglers in New even snobbish.” York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and Fortunately, TUers then, just as now, Illinois were soon requesting certi- weren’t afraid of a little impertinence. The fication as chapters. fledgling organization launched a frontal Faced with such growing interest, assault on the Michigan Fish Division, TU’s board took a leap of faith: They which was spending more than $1 million came together and raised the money a year on its hatchery program. to pay Neumann’s salary. On Oct. 1, Convinced that theirs was a “righ- 1962, he took over as TU’s executive teous cause,” in Neumann’s words, director. He set to work with one they pressured the agency relentlessly. goal in mind: transform TU from Members attended division meetings, a Michigan-based movement to a badgered Michigan’s Conservation national conservation leader. Commission, and addressed every conservation club and service group that would listen. he next two and a half years To buttress its case, TU recruited were “the busiest, the most “To come right out and some of the country’s top trout research- Texciting and the most reward- ers to sit on a national board of review, ing” of Neumann’s life. TU’s “fire suggest that products of which vetted the organization’s positions and brimstone preacher,” as he’s been and helped create its first wild trout called, spent three-quarters of his time nature were somehow policy. TU’s first president, respected on the road. By the time he returned preferable to those of the research scientist Dr. Casey Westell, home to Wanigas Rod Company on established the board, and with it one June 1, 1965, he had nearly doubled hatchery was impertinent, of TU’s most enduring tenets: “In all the size of the organization and signed even snobbish.” matters of trout management, we want up 30 new chapters. to know that we are substantially correct, Inspired by Neumann’s simple and both morally and biologically.” enduring refrain “if we take care of the It took three years and the timely fish, the fishing will take care of itself,” intervention of then-Michigan Gov. the chapters got to work, breaking new George Romney, but ultimately TU won. ground in areas like stream restora- The Fish Division discarded its put-and- tion and legal advocacy with the same

1985 1987 1990 1992 The United States-Canada TU signs a partnership TU’s battle to halt TU’s membership approves Paciﬁ c Salmon Treaty is agreement with the Forest construction of the Two a sweeping restructuring of signed. Service to improve ﬁ sheries Forks Dam on Colorado’s the organization. in national forests. South Platte ends when Under pressure from TU launches the Grassroots the EPA vetoes the TU and others, Great TU membership reaches Activist Network to project. Northern Paper Company 50,000. mobilize anglers to contact abandons its dam project Congress on environmental on Maine’s West Branch of 1991 issues. the Penobscot. Charles Gauvin takes over as TU’s CEO and president. TROUT SUMMER 2009

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Former TU president Art Neumann (left at the site of TU’s birthplace and above), evangelized TU’s message across the country, doubling the size of the organization and signing up 30 chapters in three years.

1995 1996 Led by its Big Blackfoot TU joins 200 other conser- Congress appropriates $1.8 Chapter, TU partners with vation groups to resound- million for whirling disease Orvis and NFWF to raise $1 ingly defeat the “Dirty Water research after TU releases a million to begin restoring the Bill,” which threatens to gut report on the threat of the Blackfoot River. JEFF ERICKSON the Clean Water Act. disease to wild trout. 1994 Congress passes PennsylvaniaP The Vermont Council’s protests TU-promoted legislation Restoration of the Beaverkill vvolunteers stop the relicensing of a dam to remove two dams on and Willowemoc Rivers in New launch TU’s on Vermont’s Clyde River, the Washington’s Elwha River. York is the start of TU’s Home first youth first time the FERC denies a Rivers Initiative—a program camp. relicensing application because that combines research and of environmental impacts. watershed restoration. 21 TROUT SUMMER 2009

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George Grant led one of TU’s early successes, stopping the construction of the Reichle Dam on Montana’s Big Hole River (above).

1996 1998 TU’s membership hits Embrace-A-Stream funds 49 TU helps broker improve- 98,000. fisheries restoration projects ments to the United States- in 20 states. Canada Pacific Salmon Treaty. 1997 TU’s Western Water Project 2001 TU releases a report show- is launched to protect and TU’s Montana Water Project ing that acid rain must be restore streamflows through- completes the largest private reduced by 70 percent to out the West. water lease ever in the West, save Virginia trout streams. TUTV premieres. protecting more than 200 cfs on three tributaries of the Madison River.

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zeal Michigan’s anglers had brought 250 chapters coast to coast. Its head- to the fight against the state’s hatchery quarters had moved to Washington, establishment. D.C. and it was starting to grapple with The first national campaign win came more wide-ranging issues, such as acid in the 1960s, when Montana’s River rain and instream flows. Rats Chapter—the predecessor to the The organization was also struggling George Grant Chapter—saved 20 miles with a growing rift between the grassroots on the Big Hole River from inundation and an increasingly distant and unfocused by stopping the Bureau of Reclamation national organization, whose board had from constructing Reichle Dam. Local swelled to more than 100 members. activist George Grant led the charge, engaging local ranchers and successfully lobbying the state’s two senators. By the time TU officially came of age in 1980, it was America’s A series of legal and stream improve- leading trout and salmon conservation organization, with more ment projects followed for “the action organization” as TU had come to be than 16,000 members and 250 chapters coast to coast. known. A precedent-setting Endangered Species Act case, tried successfully before Nonetheless, TU’s membership kept and never looked back,” recalls TU’s the Supreme Court, established TU’s climbing, spurred on by a combination president and chief executive officer 18 courtroom reputation. And a new chap- of aggressive recruitment and the galva- years later. “Five weeks after I started, we ter granting program, launched in 1976, nizing effects of controversial interior were already talking about the process to affirmed the organization’s commitment secretary James Watt, who mobilized develop a strategic plan. It was go-go-go, to on-the-ground restoration. many anglers with comments like “we right from the beginning.” Competition was stiff for the will mine more, drill more, cut more Gauvin had in mind a “powerful, first round of Operation Restore timber.” Others were drawn in by new positive” national organization, with the grants, which went to pilot projects restoration opportunities created under scientific, legal and legislative expertise in Massachusetts, Virginia, Colorado, the Clean Water Act, and by 1990, TU necessary to complement the work of California and Michigan. Those chap- had more than 50,000 members and the grassroots. To secure this expertise, ters might have worried less about their was a $2 million a year organization. he reached out to private foundations chances if they’d known that Embrace- But the situation at its national and corporations, and enlisted the help A-Stream would still be thriving more office had deteriorated badly. With the of TU’s most loyal donors, who came than 40 years later, having funded more organization deep in the red, TU’s together to create a new program, the than 900 projects nationwide with more board recruited Charles Gauvin, an Coldwater Conservation Fund, aimed than $3.5 million in cash grants. angler and Washington, D.C.-based at expanding TU’s access to the best By the time TU officially came of age corporate and environmental lawyer, possible scientific information. in 1980, it was America’s leading trout to turn things around. The CCF generated $54,000 in and salmon conservation organization, Gauvin started work on April 1, 1991. its first year, allowing TU to launch

JEFF ERICKSON with more than 16,000 members and “I walked out the door at my law firm its first large-scale restoration project:

2003 2004 2005 TU and others secure an TU launches the Public Lands TU and its Montana Council TU launches the Driftless agreement to purchase and Initiative (now known as the soundly defeat a statewide Area Restoration Effort to remove mainstem dams on Sportsmen’s Conservation referendum that would have restore streams throughout Maine’s Penobscot River Project). allowed open pit cyanide the 24,000 square-mile and purchase and bypass heap leach mines. region in Minnesota, Iowa, Natural flows begin on the a third, paving the way for Illinois and Wisconsin. Housatonic River because of the most ambitious Atlantic TU and its allies in the hunt- the Connecticut Council’s salmon recovery effort ever ing and fishing community and others’ advocacy in the attempted. successfully protect Montana’s relicensing process for the Rocky Mountain Front from hydropower dam complex. energy development.

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“You can’t disassociate the mission from the people who do the work. It’s all the dimensions of TU added together that make us what we are.” —Wisconsin TU member Steve Born

the Beaverkill River and Willowemoc wasn’t separate from the conservation Creek Home Rivers Initiative. agenda,” he recalls. “You can’t disas- Ultimately, TU raised millions in sociate the mission from the people public and private contributions to who do the work. It’s all the dimen- analyze the health of the 260-square- sions of TU added together that make mile BeaMoc watershed, the cradle us what we are.” of American fly fishing, and develop Thanks to the work of Gauvin, a long-term restoration plan. More Born and hundreds of dedicated than a dozen Home Rivers projects volunteers, TU entered the new have followed since. millennium a stronger organization, The CCF also supported cutting-edge with a renewed sense of purpose. research into whirling disease, climate That spirit led to a new strategic plan change and the impacts of groundwater in 2003, one that acknowledged the pumping on water withdrawals. In many challenges facing America’s 1998, it was used to hire two water law fisheries, but responded with a bold experts, launching the Western Water promise to the next generation: Over Project to protect and restore stream the next 30 years, TU will ensure that flows throughout the West. Today, the North America’s coldwater rivers are WWP has a staff of nearly 20 experts clean and healthy enough to support in law, policy and science working out thriving populations of wild and native of offices in six states. trout and salmon. Responsibility for achieving this ambitious vision rests with Chris hile Gauvin was building Wood, now TU’s chief operating capacity at the national officer. A former policy and com- Wlevel, Wisconsin volunteer munications advisor to Forest Service Steve Born, a University of Wisconsin Chief Mike Dombeck, Wood has a deep professor with a zeal for organization appreciation for the value of “having building, was working tirelessly to volunteers who truly believe in the repair the rift between TU’s national work leading the charge.” organization and the grassroots. He has challenged the organization “My idea was that what we were to look beyond traditional watershed

doing in organizational development restoration projects to the broader goal BECK & CATHY BARRY

2005 2006 After more than 20 years TU’s work on the American The findings of TU’s TU and grassroots leaders help of opposition, TU defeats Fork Canyon restoration Conservation Success Index secure permanent protection from the proposed AB Lateral project paves the way for help guide a 17-state restora- oil and gas drilling in New Mexico’s Hydropower Project in the development of an EPA tion effort for the Eastern Valle Vidal, crucial habitat for Rio Colorado, which would have policy making it easier to brook trout. Grande cutthroat trout. depleted the Gunnison clean-up toxic waste on pri- After a three-year legal battle, TU completes a 10-year, $3.2 River and flooded the vate land. TU defeats efforts by the feder- million project to clean up toxic Uncompahgre. Connecticut implements al government and Colorado to mine drainage from abandoned new instream flow standards give away the water right for the coal mines in the 244-square pushed by TU. Black Canyon of the Gunnison. mile Kettle Creek watershed in Pennsylvania. TROUT SUMMER 2009 24

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The Beaverkill River was the site of TU’s first large-scale restoration effort.

2009 Three federal court decisions TU helps develop a federal rule to TU’s Sportsmen’s 2007 affirm TU’s premise that hatch- protect nine million acres of back- Conservation Project TU launches a public-private ery fish cannot be counted as country in national forests in Idaho. helps secure passage of wild fish, thereby retaining ESA the Omnibus Public Land partnership to restore Rio TU asks manufacturers to stop protections for 16 depleted Management Act, protect- Grande cutthroat over the next production of felt-soled waders by decade throughout New Mexico. stocks of wild Pacific salmon. ing more than two million 2011 to combat the spread of inva- acres of wilderness. The Colorado Supreme Court 2008 sive species. sides with TU in a precedent- TU chapters approach TU tops 140,000 members TU initiates a campaign that results setting case preventing munici- 1,600 volunteer hours per and $24 million in annual in passage of legislation to improve palities from hoarding water and chapter. revenue. instream flows in Utah. then selling the rights to it later. TROUT SUMMER 2009 SKETCHANDRELEASE.COM

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Fishing TU’s Home Waters of “knitting back together worn and FishingFishing TU’s TU’s Home Home Waters: tired landscapes.” Restoration is one piece of this landscape-scale vision, BYAuBY BOBBOB ANDRUSANDRUS Sable River, but it also includes identifying and InBY the BOB Ring ANDRUSof the Rise, Vince Marinaro The upper Au Sable River system protecting the best remaining habitat, penned these words describing the includes the mainstem, known as places like Bristol Bay and the Rocky Au Sable: “Of all the big rivers I have the Main Stream, and its two major Mountain Front. “Even that is not fished none are friendlier or kinder to tributaries—the North and South enough,” says Wood. “We can’t set the fisherman.” Those words are as true Branches. Two miles east of Grayling, those intact areas aside as museum today as they were 33 years ago. Wild Mich., the Main Stream begins its pieces—we must also reconnect them brook and brown trout, reliable and journey through a nine-mile stretch of prolific fly hatches, easy wading and an stream known as the Holy Water, where to restored areas downstream.” abundance of public access make the a narrow band of cedar swamp and an To conserve entire rivers and river upper Au Sable River system a popular occasional bluff borders the river. A systems, TU will build on its tradi- destination for dry-fly anglers who designated catch-and-release fishery, tional strengths within the sporting enjoy the challenge of matching the the Holy Water is one long riffle with community and expand out from hatch and fishing for selective trout. widely spaced runs and holes. State there. “We have helped sportsmen and Over 40 species of mayflies, caddis Highway M-72 provides access to this women regain their voice,” in matters and stoneflies hatch throughout the section of the river at four dead-end upper watershed beginning in mid April, roads (called landings) and two state of conservation policy, Wood notes, along with blue-winged olives, little forest campgrounds. On the river’s citing successful advocacy campaigns mahoganies and Hendricksons. The north side, access off North Down that have mobilized thousands of early season hatches last until mid May River Road is available at Headquarter anglers and hunters, and protected when light Hendricksons, a series of Road, Whirlpool Road and two Trout millions of acres of backcountry habitat caddis hatches, sulphurs, yellow sallies Unlimited properties—Guides Rest on public lands. and brown drakes take over. In parts of Tract and Spite Road Access. Public Such efforts, in turn, have spurred the Au Sable system, mid June marks access sites are also available near new partnerships with other conserva- the beginning of the evening Hex or Stephan Bridge and Wakeley Bridge. Giant Michigan Mayfly hatch. The Hex Trout Unlimited has a third property tion interests, local communities, and offers anglers an opportunity to catch with access upstream of Wakeley Bridge state and federal agencies. Ultimately, trophy fish on dry flies. By mid July the called Knight Tract. Wood envisions TU’s conservation hatches have become primarily an early The North Branch is composed of agenda galvanizing not only anglers, morning event using tricos, latas and enchanting cedar islands, swift flows but also hunters, wildlife enthusiasts, tiny olives. Olives continue hatching and numerous stretches of shallow citizens concerned about drinking through October. gravel. The town of Lovells is the hub water—anyone with an interest in protecting clean water and healthy rivers. “We used to say we wanted to ‘own’ an issue,” Wood says. “I think we’ve gone 180 degrees from that. Now the question is how do we enable others, who may be more powerful than we are, to adopt our agenda as their own?” Conservation on this scale can be daunting in its scope and complexity. But if TU’s 50 year history demonstrates anything, it’s that the energy and enthusiasm of America’s anglers are extraordinarily powerful resources. George Griffith’s observation about his Michigan fishing buddies, that “when suddenly they were given the chance to do something about the problem and change things, everybody got to work” is as true today as it was in 1959. And chances are it will still ring true 50 years from now.

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MichiganAuWaters: Sable River, Au SableMichigan River, Michigan

“Of all the big rivers I have fished none are friendlier or kinder to the fisherman.” —Vince Marinaro, Ring of the Rise

for North Branch anglers. Upstream river valley with high bluffs and towering upper half of a short distance from Lovells on Twin pines. Access to the Mason Tract is avail- the Masonn Bridges Road there are several small state able from Canoe Harbor Road, 10 miles Tract belowow access sites including nearly a mile of east of Grayling. The upstream end of Chase Bridgege is a access at the Black Hole and Sheep Ranch the tract begins at Chase Bridge where catch-and-release fishery. In June the stretches. Down stream from Lovells, the river flows eastward for one mile over South Branch becomes the water of choice nearly all the land is privately held, often a riffle and flats area known for its caddis for many wading anglers because of its in large parcels. Access here is limited to hatches and brook trout. At Daisy Bend, exceptional Brown Drake, Isonychia and Dam Four Road-end, the Sheep Pasture, the river slows, deepens and begins Hexagenia hatches. and Kellogg Bridge. The flies-only water to wind through the Hanger, Castle, of the North Branch starts at the Black Highbanks, Baldwin and Mason Chapel Hole three miles north of Lovells and stretches. At Downeys, and on through Come celebrate TU’s 50th anniver- extends downstream 20 miles to the to Dogtown and Canoe Harbor, the river sary on the banks of the Au Sable. river’s junction with the mainstem. again quickens with an increasing num- The Michigan Council is hosting a The 12-mile long corridor of state land ber of runs. Flies-only regulations are celebration on July 18, 2009. Get bordering the Au Sable’s South Branch is in place on the 20 miles of water from more information about the free, officially named the George Mason River Chase Bridge downstream to the river’s public event at celebratetu.org. Retreat. It is marked by a narrow scenic confluence with the Main Stream. The TOM BROOK ABOVE RIGHT: BOB LINSENMAN RIGHT: ABOVE BROOK TOM

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he following are 10 individuals who, in the opinions of the editorial staff—with input from fellow TUers and others—have shaped TU into Twhat it is today, or have had a significant impact on the nation’s trout and salmon fisheries. At first glance, these are very different people, tied together by a love of trout and salmon. But a deeper look shows that while the 10 have made significant impacts in their own right, they are representative of who TUers are behind the waders and vests: conservationists, volunteers, activists, anglers, leaders, innovators, risk takers and fighters. Dozens of people nominated their TU heroes, and in reality, this list could have filled the pages of an entire issue of the magazine, if not two issues. It was incredibly difficult to narrow down the list, but these are the 10 heroes among many who have helped to make TU the leader it has been for the last 50 years. —SK, editor

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Art Neumann > THE PROPHET

very successful movement has two key elements— the visionary, who dreams of what is possible, and Ethe prophet, who spreads that dream among the masses. For Trout Unlimited, the visionary was George Griffith, who together with his cadre of fly-fishing friends created the notion of an organization dedicated to preserving wild fish. But it took the hard work of the proprietor of a rod and tackle company from Saginaw, Mich. to sow the seeds that would make TU the nationally respected grassroots movement it is today. On the road almost constantly in the early 1960s, Art Neumann crisscrossed highways and gravel roads, first of the Midwest and then nationally, along the way preaching the gospel of wild trout preservation, recruiting members and George Griffith creating local chapters of fellow anglers who shared that > THE FOUNDER vision. Working initially without pay and on a budget that barely afforded a full tank of gas, Neumann quickly y the 1950s, George Griffith had spent nearly his multiplied TU’s membership. In the first year, TU grew entire life fishing for wild trout, a good share of to 850 members and the first chapter was founded in Bit on Michigan’s Middle Branch of the Au Sable, Big Rapids, Mich. As TU’s reputation for success grew, where he owned a cabin known as The Barbless Hook. He the organization soon began to attract notable anglers and fellow anglers who wandered the jack-pine-studded like Ernie Schwiebert and Joe Brooks. By 1965, TU had banks of the fabled river watched its population of wild established 30 chapters nationwide, on its way to the 400 brown trout slowly fade due to growing fishing pres- chapters and 140,000 members it has today. Neumann’s sure, habitat destruction and a state Fish Division that mantra, “if you take care of the fish, the fishing will take preferred a hatchery-based put-and-take program over care of itself” became a guiding principle for TU mem- managing the river for wild trout. One of only two trout bers and their chapters, and has since become a truism anglers on the Michigan Conservation Commission, replicated in one form or another across the American Griffith’s arguments for sound fisheries management conservation movement. repeatedly fell on deaf ears amongst the entrenched bureaucracy, but the former salesman wasn’t about to go away quietly. So when George Mason, a fellow angler and president of American Motors who owned property on the South Branch of the Au Sable, suggested they create an organization similar to Ducks Unlimited, Griffith did just that. In July of 1959, a few years after Mason’s untimely death, Griffith invited 15 like-minded anglers to The Barbless Hook to map out the mission of an organization designed “to protect and preserve trout and trout fishing.” For this mission, they took the name Trout Unlimited. Due largely to the early efforts of the young TU, the Michigan Department of Conservation was reorganized, the Fish Division implemented a wild fish management policy based on TU’s North American trout policy, and catch-and-release—or “fishing for fun” as they called it then—became an acceptable management tool. Word spread beyond Michigan’s borders about the new conservation group’s success, and as they say, the rest is history.

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Charles Gauvin > THE REFORMER

n 1991, Trout Unlimited was a $2.5 million organization with nearly $1 million in accumulated debt. IGrassroots relations were strained, there was virtually no national conservation staff and the organization had drifted from the original activist conservation mission envisioned by the founders. A lesser soul might have found the challenge of putting the organization back on track daunting, but not Charles Gauvin, a corporate and environmental attorney who at the time was TU’s pro-bono counsel and a long time member. Taking over the helm at TU in the spring of 1991, Gauvin quickly put the organization into the black and began to focus his attention on the goal of making TU a powerful national force that would complement the work of its grassroots members. The Western Water Project, the watershed-based Home Rivers Initiative, the Pacific salmon program, the Sportsmen’s Conservation Project (formerly the Public Lands Initiative), abandoned mine clean-up and the Eastern conservation program were all created on Gauvin’s watch. In a recent Fly Fisherman

GEORGE GRANT FAMILY ARCHIVES FAMILY GRANT GEORGE editorial, Publisher Emeritus John Randolph wrote that Gauvin is the “man who has done the most to lead and shepherd [the] ideological and morphological changes” George Grant that characterize the national organization today. > THE RIVER KEEPER

he first time George Grant waded into Montana’s Big Hole River in the 1920s, it became part of Thim. While he would become a legendary fly tier, author and fly shop operator, his heart and soul belonged to a river that has long been recognized as one of the most beautiful in the West. That’s why, in the 1960s, he waged a protracted battle with the Bureau of Reclamation to stop its efforts to build the Reichle Dam on the lower Big Hole. Grant and his allies won out, leaving the Big Hole as one of the last free-flowing rivers in the West. But he didn’t stop there. He was a founder of Butte’s first Trout Unlimited chapter—the River Rats—in 1972. He led the 1970s movement to bring attention to mining pollution in the Clark Fork River and then demanded that the river be cleaned up. He was influential in the effort to pass Montana’s landmark 1975 Natural Streambed and Land Preservation Act, which limited the use of habitat-altering heavy machinery in streambeds to build gravel irrigation diversions. And, in an incredible act of selflessness for his beloved river, in the 1980s he sold his book, fly and split-cane fly rod collections—today worth their weight in gold—to establish the Big Hole River Foundation to protect the river for all time.

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David Taylor > THE EQUALIZER

here was a time in the West when developers and cities just took the water they wanted, without Tregard for the region’s fragile fisheries. They built dams and diversions knowing that little stood in their way because of support from state and federal bureau- crats. That attitude came to a sudden halt in the 1980s at the confluence of the North Fork and the mainstem South Platte River in Colorado. David Taylor, then the 20-something director of Colorado Trout Unlimited, along with a coalition of conservationists and environmentalists, stood up against the City of Denver’s proposal to build Two Forks Dam, a 615-foot concrete span across the river. The dam would have flooded 30 miles of the river valley, including Cheesman Canyon—a beautiful stretch of water filled with wild trout. Denver argued that it needed the water, for city residents and suburban growth, but Taylor, fellow TUer Steve Lundy and the coalition argued vehemently that alternatives existed and that the environmental price was just too high. It was a nasty, decade-long fight but when it was over, and the dust settled, Taylor and his colleagues brought the mile-high city to its knees. Thanks to the Two Forks battle, there is now a widespread understanding throughout Colorado Peg Keller and much of the West that if you are going to dam a trout > THE INNOVATOR or salmon river, you will face a fight. n 1988, Peg Keller, a skilled fly angler, joined TU’s board of trustees. One of only two women to Ihold that position at the time, she brought much more than diversity to the organization. To develop a better sense of TU and its needs, she reached out to the grassroots members, including regularly attending annual meetings. It didn’t take long for her to recognize a profound need for more scientific and technical expertise to inform TU’s restoration work. Keller knew that expertise wouldn’t come cheap, so she and fellow trustee Steve Renkert launched the Coldwater Conservation Fund, a special program to support TU’s science-based watershed research and initiatives. Keller then took it a step further, calling on her powerful network to support the CCF as well. Her leadership helped TU raise $54,000 for the CCF in its first year. Today, the CCF’s 1,400 members donate more than $3 million each year, supporting a $15 million annual conservation budget. The group has enabled TU to launch some of its most successful initiatives, from watershed-scale restoration projects to mine clean ups to pioneering research in the areas of invasive species and acid rain. Keller has served on the CCF board of directors and remains one of TU’s most stalwart volunteers.

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Don Duff > THE FISH RESCUER

y the 1950s, the magnificent Bonneville cutthroat trout, a fish that had nourished Native Americans Band pioneers alike, was believed to be extinct throughout much of its historic range—a victim of habitat destruction and over-fishing. Search parties of biologists had been repeatedly dispatched to find a genetically pure strain of the fish, but always came back empty handed. That was, until a young Bureau of Land Management biologist who had a sixth sense when it came to finding fish came into the picture. In 1974, after a two-year search, Don Duff discovered a genetically pure strain of the cutthroat in the Deep Creek Mountains in western Utah. (The next year he discovered a previously unknown pure strain of Lahontan cutthroat near Pilot Peak in Utah.) If discovering a species thought to be extinct wasn’t impres- sive enough, Duff’s next steps certainly were. He helped create a delicate partnership among federal, state and tribal agencies, landowners and TU volunteers dedicated to bringing Bonnevilles back from the abyss, and then spent the next 30 years nursing the partnership along, as both a TU member and a federal fisheries biologist. The result Stan Griffin has been nothing short of amazing: Bonneville cutthroats > THE LONE VOICE lived in just five miles of stream when Duff first found them. Last year, it was reported that the fish now survive ore than 20 years ago, an increasing number in roughly 2,500 miles of stream in Utah and elsewhere of dams, small diversions and reservoirs within its native range. Mbegan popping up in Northern California’s Russian River watershed, a prolific steelhead and salmon fishery. No one seemed to be paying attention to the growing threats the diversions posed to the river’s fishery. But Stan Griffin noticed, and became a one- man army to keep water flowing in the Russian and its tributaries. Griffin, a lifelong angler, and at the time a recent retiree, started filing protests, buttonholing state officials and educating the public about the threats to the river and its fish. Over the years, Griffin filed 130 protests against illegal dams and diversions, and gradually people began to listen. His hard work and determination finally paid off in September 2004, when Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed legislation requiring the state water board to develop a policy for maintaining flows in the Russian River and other coastal streams from the Mattole River to the San Francisco Bay. When fully implemented, the policy will provide water for salmon and steelhead in 5,900 stream miles across 3.1 million watershed acres and deal with more than 1,200 unauthorized reservoirs in the region. At 89, Griffin still serves on five watershed-related com- mittees, and volunteers at the Berkeley, Calif. TU office three or four days every week.

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Bruce Farling > THE ACTIVIST

n 1994, Montana Trout Unlimited hired Bruce Farling—the first full-time director hired and Ipaid for by a state council—and in the subsequent 15 years they’ve never looked back, becoming a model for state councils elsewhere. Farling and the Montana Council have never backed away from a cause or fight if they believe the best interests of trout or their grassroots members are at stake. With Farling’s guidance, Montana TU spearheaded the passage of cutting-edge private instream flow leasing legislation; filed a critical lawsuit to protect streamflows from groundwater depletions; successfully led the initiative to ban cyanide leach mining in Montana and beat back a subsequent attempt to Michael “Squeak” undo the ban; led a unique coalition of conservationists and loggers in an effort to gain wilderness status for important lands in the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Smith Forest; and has been a leader in statewide conservation > THE UTILITY PLAYER efforts to protect cutthroat, bull trout and grayling. Under Farling’s leadership, TU helped create a broad n the last 20 years, efforts to protect trout and coalition of state and federal agencies, landowners and trout habitat in north central North Carolina environmentalists dedicated to restoring and protecting Ihave taken on a frenetic pace. TU partnered with the famed Blackfoot River and its watershed. Known as other conservation interests, restored miles of river and The Blackfoot Challenge, the effort has demonstrated that wetlands, and exposed the damage irresponsible off-road watershed-scale restoration, even when diverse interests vehicle users were inflicting on streams on the state’s are a stake, is possible. public lands. Not surprisingly, these accomplishments have mirrored Michael “Squeak” Smith’s role in North Carolina’s Table Rock Chapter. Volunteering first in 1987 as banquet chairman for his chapter, he doubled previous banquet income. Since then, much of the work Smith has been engaged in as a chapter officer, board member and volunteer has been dedicated to making the Catawba River a world-class trout fishery. But restoration work has only been part of his devotion to rivers and trout. He helped establish the Catawba-Wateree Relicensing Coalition in preparation of the relicensing of hydro facilities for the 11 dams on the 224-mile river, forced policy makers to begin paying attention to the damage rogue ATV riders were causing to North Carolina streams and assisted in the establishment of the North Carolina TU Rivercourse youth camp to help build the next generation of North Carolina conservationists. In spite of his work on behalf of trout and trout streams, Smith not only still finds time to fish, but also pursues his love of fly tying by teaching fly-tying classes, a skill he knows well. Stricken with multiple sclerosis in 1978 at the age of 30, and temporarily paralyzed, he has used fly-tying to retrain his own hands.

Visit TU.ORG/BLOG ______and tell us about your TU heroes.

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—Art Neumann, former TU president

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Powero rBy Randy Scholfield )to to efforts to rebuild the Te The morning of June 5, 1976, was sunny and calm, remembers Roger Porter—a perfect day for gardening. The young editor Dam of the Rexburg, Idaho Standard Journal was buying supplies at the hardware store when he heard someone running through the aisles screaming that Teton Dam had collapsed. Porter wasn’t sure whether to believe it or not, but he hurried to the newspaper office and grabbed his camera bag. In a matter of minutes, he and a pilot friend were aloft in a Piper Super Cub, flying toward the dam site, just a few miles northeast of town. In the air, he wasn’t prepared for what he saw. “My God!” he remembers yelling. “Look at that! My God!” The north side of the 305-foot tall Bureau of Reclamation earthen dam had already collapsed, looking like a wave-topped sand castle, and a boiling deluge of water—80 billion gallons—was rampaging out of the canyon mouth and heading straight for several communities downstream. The wall of water, several miles wide, kicked up a cloud of dust and debris as it crashed along, snapping off huge cottonwoods and demolishing and drowning everything in its path. As Porter watched from the plane, he says, “Horses and cattle were running like crazy to get away, running into fences, then swept up. It was a sickening thing to watch.” As the plane banked, he started snapping pictures as fast as he could. He knew he was witnessing a disaster in the making.

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Three decades later, Idaho leaders are talking about rebuilding Teton Dam. To Idaho members of Trout Unlimited, “He belittled everything I said,” who tried to stop the dam back then, remembers Berry. “I was scared—I’d Tit’s a bad case of déjà vu. never been in court before.” In the early 1970s, TU led a coali- Another person familiar with the tion of other local groups that brought a canyon—geologist Robert Curry of lawsuit challenging the Bureau’s Teton Montana State University, a leading Dam project as structurally unsafe and expert on evaluating dam sites—testified environmentally harmful to the wild that the site was inherently unsuitable. 17-mile canyon of the Teton River—a The geologic crust of the area, pre- key tributary of the Snake and a prized dominantly volcanic basalt, was riddled native trout fishery. with fissures and cracks, he testified. Ken Cameron was conserva- Further, the region had a long history tion coordinator for TU’s Treasure of high-risk earthquake activity. Valley Chapter in Boise (now the In fact, several existing fissures Ted Trueblood Chapter) at the time. on the north abutment of the dam When members heard about the were large enough for a vehicle to dam proposal, they helped organize drive into and proved impossible to a fact finding float trip on the river completely seal with concrete grouting. and were impressed by the canyon’s Later, when the dam was finished and rugged beauty and great fishing. “It started filling, water seeped out on had a really good population of native one rancher’s land five miles away. Yellowstone cutthroat trout,” he says. “That’s how porous that country was,” “As a chapter, that’s when we decided says Berry. to do the lawsuit.” Russell Brown of the Idaho In 1971, Trout Unlimited filed the Environmental Council—a key TU first of several motions and injunctions ally in the fight—was shocked that to stop the dam, citing violations of a the judge showed so little familiarity number of laws, notably a failure to with the National Environmental account for the environmental dam- Policy Act, passed in 1969. The law, age the dam would cause to the river’s he knew, required “full analysis and fishery and wildlife. full disclosure, so decision makers are Randy Berry, then a 20-something armed with the best knowledge.” But local fishing guide and TU member, the environmental impact statement was intimately familiar with the filed by the Bureau was a scant 14 pages canyon’s rich natural resources and long. “That wouldn’t make a table of blue-ribbon trout fishery. He had contents for an EIS [Environmental fished and guided on the river for Impact Study] today,” says Brown. “It years and loved the place. was lip service.” “The fishing was incredible,” Berry, It was enough, however, to satisfy the now owner of Teton Valley Lodge judge. He refused to consider economic resort, recalled. “A normal day was arguments from opponents of the dam 100-plus fish for a boat.” Besides its or hear another geologist’s testimony outstanding fishery, he says, the canyon that Teton Dam wouldn’t hold water. was home to more than 1,000 mule TU and its allies lost the lawsuit, and deer and was a key migration route for the dam received the green light. elk as well as a rich habitat for eagles, cranes, and other wildlife. Construction started on the Teton But the judge presiding over the case Dam in late 1971 and on October 3, quickly made clear his allegiance to 1975 the reservoir began to fill. It was the dam builders and handful of local still filling when, on the morning of irrigators who pushed for the project. CJune 5, 1976, an ominous dark spot appeared on its face. By mid-morning, a hole had developed and muddy water

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“The fishing was incredible. A normal day was 100-plus fish for a boat.” —Randy Berry, ﬁ shing guide and TU member

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was spewing out. Two bulldozers were sent onto the downstream slope to push rocks into the widening hole in As it was, thousands of homes were a futile effort to plug it. One bulldozer damaged or destroyed. Some 25,000 became stuck on the edge of the breach. people were left homeless. Thousands Both operators fled to safety as the hole of cattle and livestock were killed. All grew larger. Within minutes, the two told, the dam break was one of the dozers slid into the chasm, the force worst engineering disasters in U.S. of the water sending them tumbling history, causing an estimated $2 bil- downstream like monstrous tub toys. lion in damage. The U.S. government A stunned tourist on the canyon rim eventually paid out more than $300 found himself taking home movies of million in claims. the unfolding drama. His camera was Almost immediately after the waters rolling when, at 11:57 a.m., the dam fell, questions arose. What caused the With Idaho experiencing recurring drought, and surface and groundwater users battling over supplies, Idaho’s water managers have revived the call for new water storage. crest collapsed and the reservoir water dam to fail? Three decades and several thundered into the canyon below, send- official investigations later, no one can ing water surging eight stories high. say with absolute certainty. But most As the wall of water emerged from the of the conclusions pointed to some canyon, the tidal wave-like surge simply combination of faulty design, con- wiped Wilford, Idaho off the map. The struction and the inherent geological force of the water stripped thousands problems of the site. Another factor of acres of prime farmland down to clearly played a part: bureaucratic bedrock, ruined forever. In Rexburg, and political arrogance. The Bureau most residents had been evacuated to of Reclamation and state leaders were higher ground, where they watched determined to build Teton without the flood smash into town, the floating a thorough public evaluation of the houses, cars and logs acting as battering project’s economic claims and envi- rams. The flood swept on down the ronmental dangers. Snake River plain for 80 miles, causing Which led many to ask another ques- millions of dollars of damage in Firth, tion: What if they had listened to the Roberts, Idaho Falls and Blackfoot, concerns of TU and other groups? before finally being contained in the American Falls Reservoir. Eleven people lost their lives in the In the years since the disaster, a num- disaster. But the toll could have been ber of experts have declared the era of much higher. The dam collapsed on a big dam-building to be over. Saturday, in the middle of the day. What But some irrigators in the Rexburg if it had burst at night? What if there had Iarea never gave up on the idea of been no time for warnings and evacua- rebuilding Teton. tion? Thousands might have perished. And with Idaho experiencing recurring drought, and surface and groundwater users battling over sup-

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plies, Idaho’s water managers have right now to rebuild Teton Dam,” revived the call for new water stor- maintains Rep. Dell Raybould of age. Last year, the Idaho Legislature Rexburg, a longtime proponent of approved $400,000 for a feasibility rebuilding. He acknowledged that study for rebuilding Teton Dam. “with the way the economy is,” federal But those who want to rebuild Teton and state funds were extremely tight, have also awakened old ghosts. even for a study. But he stressed that to While the dam has its supporters, meet Idaho’s future water needs, “all many Idahoans in the Snake River the angles will have to be looked at.” plain who experienced the disaster That includes Teton Dam. firsthand don’t relish the thought of Meanwhile, Bob Curry echoes old giving government engineers a second concerns about cost-effectiveness. chance. In Rexburg, some locals don’t “Dams are the least efficient way of mince words. “It’s the most ridiculous providing water resources,” he says. idea I’ve ever heard,” scoffs Roger What’s more, the economic justifica- Porter. He points to the shaky eco- tions for dam projects often overlook or nomics. “If farmers face up to the fact undervalue other priceless resources: that they’ll have to pay for it instead of “The fishery gene pool resources of taxpayers, it won’t get rebuilt.” free-flowing river systems have a value far greater than what economists can Teton Canyon remains one of place on them.” the natural wonders of Idaho— Often overlooked in accounts of the Teton disaster damage is the eco- and to many anglers, hunters logical devastation inflicted on the and local residents, it’s still a 17-mile stretch of canyon above the dam site. When the dam collapsed special place worth protecting. and the reservoir drained quickly, the canyon sides suffered a series of Teton is not the only dam proposal “It makes much more sense to mudslides. Yet in the decades since the on the drawing board. Gov. Butch explore these options before jumping disaster, the Teton River canyon has Otter has expressed his support for as into another potential boondoggle,” made a remarkable recovery. Randy many as four dam projects in Idaho, she says. Berry—now joined by his sons—still including Teton. Could the Teton Dam be rebuilt guides fishing trips on several sections “Trout Unlimited is not opposed to safe standards? “That kind of of the spectacular canyon. The native to dam projects per se,” says Kim [geologic] system is impossible to plug cutthroat trout population is making a Goodman Trotter, director of TU’s up completely,” says Bob Curry. Still, slow but steady recovery, and the waters Idaho Water Project. But she says he allows that “you can build a dam hold huge rainbows and browns that that big, costly, controversial projects damn near anywhere if you’re willing eagerly take dry flies. Once again, such as Teton that destroy unique to spend the money.” he says, it’s not uncommon for his environmental assets should be the last That’s perhaps the biggest obstacle to clients to have 100-plus fish days on option for Idaho—not the first. And Teton or any new dam—cost. There’s no the river. TU is prepared for a long, fierce fight doubt that rebuilding Teton to modern Mention the dam, and he shakes if Teton Dam moves forward. safety and environmental standards, if his head. He can’t believe there’s talk of There’s a better way to meet Idaho’s possible, would be obscenely, perhaps rebuilding it. future water needs, says Trotter. Idaho prohibitively, expensive. Estimates range Teton Canyon remains one of the TU is working to engage state agencies, upwards of $1 billion or more. Where natural wonders of Idaho—and to many local irrigators and other stakehold- will the money come from? Nonetheless, anglers, hunters and local residents, it’s still ers in a common sense approach the Bureau of Reclamation has agreed a special place worth protecting. that explores positive, cost-effective to provide at least some funds to help alternatives to new dams, such as water jumpstart the Idaho Legislature's See video footage of the Teton Dam banking and aquifer recharge. Teton study. collapse at tu.org/blog.______TU.ORG/BLOG Still, some ardent dam supporters sound cautious. “No one is proposing

TROUT SUMMER 2009 42 GREGSON BRYAN BY PHOTOS

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43 TROUT SUMMER 2009

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It’s Elementary Why youth outreach is crucial to TU’s next 50 years

ooking back at the records, Matt Lourdeau discovered that he barely made L the cut for acceptance into TU’s Pennsylvania Rivers Conservation & Fly Fishing Youth Camp in the summer of 2000. Now the camp director at age 25, Lourdeau says it makes sense that he was at the bottom of the pile of applications, because at the time, he had “zero conservation interest.” But luckily, Lourdeau was accepted and then hooked into a lifetime habit of fisheries conservation. What clicked for Lourdeau—a self-described “fish bum” at the time—was the program’s habitat restoration project and experiencing first hand how habitat work makes a difference on the stream. “Even now, you can see where prior years’ habitat projects have been installed, and they looked like they were part of the stream. You can see the benefits,” says Lourdeau. Although his full-time career will be in the ministry, Lourdeau now volunteers for the considerable job of camp director, managing the day-to-day functions of the camp he once attended, working alongside some of the same volunteers who inspired him as a teenage angler. And now Lourdeau hopes to similarly inspire campers to make conservation a part of their lives, a hope that echoes the mission of all of TU’s youth programs.

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Outreach For All Ages to Maine to Georgia. There they will hether it’s First Cast, Take a Kid learn to cast and tie flies in addition to W Fishing or Trout in the Classroom, the conservation curriculum, which TU members across the country have includes entomology, stream chemistry been reaching out to youth like Lourdeau and often a hands-on restoration project in immeasurable ways over the past 50 on a local stream. As Lourdeau’s story years. To help chapters facilitate this demonstrates, these experiences can work and raise funding and awareness, have lifelong impacts. TU hired its first youth-program staff lthough angling is a great tool to A connect youth to fisheries conservation, environmental education in schools has also been wildly successful for TU and other organizations that sponsor Trout in the Classroom. TIC is a program in which kids raise trout in a classroom aquar- ium from eggs to fry. Thanks to enthusiastic volunteers, willing teachers, industry partners and agencies in every state where the program is active, TIC has “exploded” in the past five years, says Rochelle Gandour, TU’s youth education coordinator. In her four years at TU, Gandour has seen the number of TIC programs grow from zero to nearly 60 classrooms in Connecticut, from one to almost 75 Lourdeau (above and previous) is now director of the classrooms in New Jersey and has seen TU camp he attended as a high school student. New York add over 50 classrooms. “The kids really connect with the trout, so in 2001. Since then, the programs have everything is a richer learning experi- evolved, gained more attention and ence,” says Gandour, who has heard expanded through crucial partnerships with organizations like the Boy Scouts of America, Cabela’s, L.L.Bean and the New York City Department of Environmental Protection as well as other companies and agencies. All of these efforts, whether individual fishing days, school visits, festivals or casting clinics, have introduced countless youth to angling in an era when outdoor activities among that age group are in steep decline. TU’s youth camps, like the one Lourdeau attended, were launched 15 years ago by the Cumberland Valley Chapter in Pennsylvania and the Kalamazoo Valley Chapter in Michigan. This summer, young adults will attend 15 camps in 15 states, from Washington

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“The kids really connect with the trout, so everything is a richer learning experience.” — Rochelle Gandour, TU’s youth education coordinator

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youth website at streamexplorers.org. The website and quarterly Stream Explorers magazine (young adults over the age of 13 receive Trout magazine instead) include conservation games and projects, like planting a rain garden or sampling for macroinvertebrates to determine water quality. The Stream Explorers membership also connects youth to their local TU chapters, allowing them to get involved in habitat restoration and river cleanups. Currently, TU chapters and staff run youth programs in each state where TU has a strong chapter pres- ence. One of the goals of the current effort is for every TU chapter to run a youth education program, and for every TU-led conservation project to

One of the goals of the new push is for every TU chapter to run a youth education program, and for every TU-led conservation project to have a youth education component.

trout songs, read trout poems, eaten from Warren Wilson College in have a youth education component, trout-anatomy-frosted cookies and Asheville, N.C. volunteered on the such as kids participating in cleanups, watched trout-themed animated videos Potomac restoration project. This plantings or stream monitoring. that students shot on a snow day. The spring, 12 students from the college Moore says he’s looking to beef up students become invested in the trout will travel to Alaska to learn about youth programs and to expand existing they see every day, learning about their Pacific salmon conservation. school ties throughout the country. That ecosystem and survival. TU’s VP of Volunteer Operations could mean TIC or conservation schools, Bryan Moore says the partnership with stream cleanups or senior projects, and n the same way that TIC reaches Warren Wilson was a no-brainer for maybe even professional internships I younger kids in the classroom, TU. “Students there are required to for teens and college students. “From TU is increasingly working with do 100 hours of service learning to fourth grade through graduate school, high schools and colleges. Watershed graduate, so it’s a perfect fit for every- we need to tie in youth education on the restoration projects are the perfect one. This will be our second field trip ground,” he says. outlet for students who need to com- with Warren Wilson, and the students Moore says that one way or another, plete volunteer hours, class projects or really enjoy working and learning at the young people who embrace TU’s internships. In West Virginia, more the same time.” Moore adds that TU mission and become the next genera- than 1,000 students learned about is actively working to establish similar tion of anglers and conservationists, their local watersheds and helped plant partnerships with other schools. will be the organization’s stewards over trees, take water samples and collect As of this year, TU now has a way the next 50 years. macroinvertebrates with TU staff on for youth to stay involved and interested For more information on TU’s the Potomac Headwaters Home Rivers after their TIC or other youth program youth programs, or to sign someone Initiative project. Older students did ends: a Stream Explorers youth mem- up for a Stream Explorers youth more complex work, including stream bership. TU announced the new mem- membership, visit tu.org or streamex-______

chemistry and habitat assessments. For bership category in January 2009, along plorers.org.______an alternative spring break, students with the launch of the corresponding —HB

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ActionlineNews from the Field

California California TU unveils a new website and movie. 53

New Jersey TUers lead the charge to remove the Seber Grove Dam from the Musconetcong River. 50

New York Log structures show promising results on McIntosh Brook. 50

Oklahoma The Oklahoma Chapter hosts 25 kids at a fishing day in Tulsa. 53

Virginia TUers cast for breast cancer recovery. 53

Washington TUers survey Miller Creek after years of habitat projects. 51 A power couple retire from a Tacoma Chapter program. 53

Other: Tips and Tools 54 Stream Champion 55

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Second Musky sage. In February, heavy equipment started town of Hackettstown, the Musconetcong chipping away at the dam’s concrete apron Watershed Association, National Resources Dam Removed to start removal. In March, bulldozers Conservation Service and others. For more demolished the remaining stone, cobble, information, visit njtu.org. NEW JERSEY asphalt and concrete structure. The project Since the early 1940s, the Seber Grove was the second dam removal on the Musky Dam offered a swimming hole for the River in the past year. The first was the June Harnessing the residents of Hackettstown, N.J., but the 2008 removal of Gruendyke Dam, a grist dam was one of several barriers on the mill dam that had blocked the river since Power of Flow Musconetcong River—which locals lov- the Colonial period. After the removal of NEW YORK ingly call the Musky—that negatively the Seber Grove Dam, volunteers planted impacted trout habitat. But last February, trees and constructed rock wiers to improve Like many trout streams, low summertime the New Jersey Council and its partners habitat for native brookies and wild browns. flows have made for harsh conditions broke ground to remove the Seber Grove New Jersey Council Executive Director Rick in McIntosh Brook, a wild brook trout Dam, allowing the Musky to flush out the Ege says that plans for two more dam remov- stream in Allegany State Park. The prob- sediment and debris that had collected, als are in the works for 2010. Partners for lem inspired the Red House and Western warmed the water and impeded fish pas- the Seber Grove Dam removal included the New York Chapters to join a project led

TROUT SUMMER 2009 50 RICK EDGE, BY PHOTOS NEW YORK BT CHUCK GODFREY MILLER CREEK PHOTOS

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by the New York State Department of install 16 log structures designed to harness Environmental Conservation to boost sum- high flows (which typically occur in early mertime habitat for brookies. The proj- spring) to scour pools below the structures, ect, which was funded by a U.S. Fish and providing better holding habitat for trout in Wildlife Service grant through the Eastern the warmer, lower-flowing summer months. Brook Trout Joint Venture in addition to In February 2009, NYDEC biologist Scott other partner support, kicked off last sum- Cornett reported that after a mid-winter mer with a fish survey that estimated 181 thaw, the water on McIntosh Brook seems brook trout in 1.5 miles of stream. Over to be flowing as they had hoped. Further 11 days last summer, TU volunteers worked observation and surveying are planned over with the DEC and others to build and the next four years.

Survey Team on Miller Creek

WASHINGTON

In August 2008, Duwamish-Green Chapter volunteers teamed up with the Stewards of the Cove to use U.S. Forest Service scientific survey methods to survey 2,000 feet of Miller Creek west of Sea-Tac Airport near Seattle, Wash. TUers Andy Batcho, Al Miller, Dr. John Maramatsu and John Richardson led the survey team to measure riffle to pool ratios, pool quality, large woody debris, stream width and depth, cover, riparian zones and the impact of each element on fish. Batcho, a retired Boeing Company engineer, crunched numbers and wrote the final survey

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analysis, in which he included data that TU members had gathered in Miller Creek sur- veys from 1993. When comparing the creek’s status from 1993 to 2008, “The stream had realized dramatic improvement in nearly every category measured,” says Batcho, a fact he attributes to TU and Cove Stewards projects over the past 15 years. Over the years, the two groups have installed woody debris, stabilized banks, planted native trees, removed invasive plants and mentored Eagle Scouts, who raised walking trails to protect stream banks from erosion.

The Actionline section of Trout provides a perfect forum for exchanging information and sharing successes. Send us a short item— 150 to 300 words—describing your project or event, why it was significant and, if possible, how it might benefit other chapters. Send Actionline submissions, plus Art Mirrors Life photos (slides and snapshots are Missoula, Mont. artist Monte Dolack has a long history of supporting Montana preferable), to Hannah Moulton TU, including providing the label art for a Bayern Brewery beer (Dancing Trout Ale, Belec at [email protected], 1300 ______available at bayernbrewery.com) that benefits the state council. He also painted North 17th Street, #500, Arlington, this poster depicting the Big Blackfoot River. To purchase the poster for $100 from VA., 22209, (703) 284-9422. Montana TU, contact Kate Grant at (888) 504-0054. The proceeds will go to the Big Blackfoot Chapter’s work to restore the Blackfoot River and its fishery.

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Across the country, TU chapters sponsor countless community events to bring our conservation message to a broader audience. Here are a few highlights: Handing Over the Golden Reins Opportunity

WASHINGTON OKLAHOMA

After 19 years of leadership, Tacoma Chapter To celebrate TU’s 50th anniversary, the volunteers (and married couple) George Oklahoma Chapter hosted a fishing event Cathcart and Lee Cathcart are handing over in January to teach kids from the Big the reins on a program they started that Brothers Big Sisters of America program brings the world of fishing to wheelchair- about fishing and conservation. About bound and Alzheimer’s-afflicted veterans. 25 kids, paired with TU members and So, log on to tucalifornia.org to read about The Cathcarts worked with fellow volunteer volunteers from partner organizations to steelhead recovery, the Golden Trout Project Alice Nino to host veterans from a local help with knots and bait, turned out for and North Coast coho recovery, among many hospital at weekly fishing outings and bar- the event, many hooking their very first other things, including a new short film about beques during the fishing season, along with fish at Leake Park Pond in Tulsa, Okla. The the importance of youth outreach, produced an annual trip and picnic to Noel Cole Pond. chapter hopes to raise the funds to make with help from noted filmmaker Mikey Wier. Each season, the program hosts over 2,500 the outing an annual event. veterans, supported by hundreds of TU volunteer hours. Tacoma Chapter officers and members will continue the program. Pretty in Pink

VIRGINIA

Last September, Northern Virginia Chapter volunteers turned out for a Casting for Recovery fishing day on the Potomac for 14 women who have battled cancer. Volunteer and local guide Kiki Galvin says several of the new anglers wore pink, “the color of hope,” and that the women were “laughing and casting their hearts out.” Give Your Chapter Website a Makeover, California Style

CALIFORNIA

In March, the California Council unveiled a sleek new website showcasing their multi- pronged, grassroots conservation efforts. Volunteer Joe Hall led the site redesign in the hope of spreading the word about conservation at a time when all 11 native trout and salmon species are in trouble because of urbanization and habitat fragmentation.

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was too young to remember where or when I caught my first fish. I’ve seen pictures of my 4-or-5-year-old self holding a crappie down near my child- hood home in Oklahoma. My dad and granddad were always in the pictures, Anniversary too: three generations of anglers. The outdoors, specifically fishing, has always Orvis Rod beenI the great connector for my dad and me. During those countless trips to the Don’t miss the chance to grab river, while I explored, played and fished, is also when I first became invested an Orvis Trout Bum rod. This 8 in the places that made the fishing possible. In a way, I believe this is the essence ft, 4-piece, 5 wt midflex has the of TU: people spending quality time with friends and family, learning about the TU 50th logo engraved on the importance of taking care of the fish, and ultimately paying it forward, so that the butt section and “Trout Unlimited next generation can carry TU’s mission to higher levels. 50 Years” inscribed on the TU has done amazing things, largely powered by its members. As we cel- blank. The limited-edition rod ebrate TU’s historic anniversary, keep in mind the need to “extend the drift” also includes hand numbering, gold for 50 more years. TU volunteers have set the example on how to engage and guides and wraps, and comes with inspire kids. We hope that the new Stream Explorers membership eventually a rod tube engraved with the TU does the same. I’d like to thank all of you for your work, and for doing what my 50th logo. The rod, which would dad did, making the time to take a kid outside and open his eyes. My summer normally sell for over $575, is goal is to have that same three-generational photo of my daughter holding a available to all chapters and coun- native cutthroat, my dad and me by her side. cils for only $385 each. Email Tight Lines, Dave Rogers, Director of Volunteer Operations Dave Rogers at [email protected]______for more information about the rod or to place your order.

TU THANKS CABELA’S

FOR ITS ONGOING SUPPORT BROOK TOM OF TU’S YOUTH PROGRAMS Annual Meeting Conservation Tour ACROSS THE COUNTRY. The conservation tour is one of the highlights of TU’s annual meetings. Hosted by the local council and chapters, the tour showcases on-the-ground conservation work to annual meeting attendees. This year, the Michigan Council and local chapters will host a 50th anniversary conservation tour that will include stops at two major project sites in Michigan: Dair Creek, a tributary of the Betsie River in calendar northwest Michigan, and the Au Sable River near the birthplace of TU. Both tours August 17-22: will characterize common conservation issues faced in the Great Lakes states, with TU 50th Anniversary Annual Meeting. lessons that TU volunteers can apply to projects on their home waters. For more Traverse City, Mich. information about this year’s conservation tour, and to register for the annual meeting August 17-22, visit tu50.org.

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ambitious—seeking out new fish, corporate sponsors and new travel destinations. Then he had what he calls a “fly fisherman’s awakening.” “We complain about not having enough fish in the rivers, but don’t do much about it,” says Dawson. “I wanted to make sure our rivers have lots of fish in them and so I refocused my goals on giving back.” Dawson joined TU and began making donations but didn’t feel like that was enough. That’s when he got creative about giving his time and talents to conservation. A year ago, Dawson launched Warpath Flys—a fly-tying business—and began dedi- cating 25 percent of his proceeds to TU. Additionally, 100 percent of profits gained from selling what a local pro calls the “green whammy” also goes to TU. Dawson also plans to teach fly tying to kids at TU’s Brent Dawson Truckee, Calif. office. Recently, Dawson San Jose, California began approaching fly-fishing gear companies about matching his donations. He may call himself a “trout bum,” but Dawson’s original goal was to donate don’t be fooled by the scruff and baseball $200-300 per quarter. He is doubling that cap. At only 31 years of age, Brent Dawson and sees no sign of slowing down. is an entrepreneur, philanthropist and role “The work that he’s doing to engage the model for a new generation of anglers. greater fishing community, including the A finish carpenter by day, Dawson can next generation of anglers, to achieve TU’s be found fishing if he’s not at mission provides a great work. It’s a passion he has example of how anyone cultivated since discover- involved in the sport can Favorite Fly: ing the sport as a child give back in the name of His own green whammy growing up near Lake cold water conservation,” Tahoe, Calif. says David Lass, TU’s Favorite Place to Fish: “I wasn’t any good at Northern California Field Mongolia sports until I discovered fish- Coordinator. Most Memorable Fish: ing,” says Dawson. “It opened up the world Whether talking to large corporations for me.” or 10-year-olds, Dawson carries the same A six-pound bass he Indeed, Dawson has sought out trout message: “You should give back what you fought for 10 minutes around the planet in places like Mongolia, take.” That is unless you want to be like him Panama, the Amazon and in every cor- —then you give much, much more. ner of Mexico. His passion for the sport started out as a healthy obsession. But with —Sara Kaplaniak every fishing trip his goals became more

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Art of Angling [ By Dave Whitlock] Trout Profiles: Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki

ONE OF MY FAVORITE TROUT TO ors are especially vibrant in mature trout, char or salmon except the lake catch, photograph and paint is the males during their spring spawn. At trout. I was not surprised to learn that cutthroat, especially the gorgeous that time it’s easy to mistake them for cutthroats evolved from rainbow trout Yellowstone, greenback and westslope golden trout or Kern River rainbows. because, to me, they have so many varieties. But then I can’t leave out those More chroma is also usually present if similar external and internal physi- lovely “cutts” in the rivers of Colorado. there is an abundance of crustaceans cal traits. But unlike wild rainbows, They all have a unique brilliancy that in their diets, especially shrimp and cutthroats don’t jump, cartwheel, or makes each catch an awesome event! crayfish, as well as certain aquatic tail walk like rainbows. They just seem Most of the four groups that rep- insects. Trout will almost always have to be more mellow than rainbows. resent the 14 individual subspecies of more vivid colors and pronounced Maybe that’s the reason they don’t cutthroat trout have numerous small markings if they live in very clear, explode above the surface like the black spots, golden-olive to green backs, shallow-water streams that have color- speedier bows. gold-plated flanks sometimes with tints ful bottoms. Having said that, what cutthroats of rose, crimson gill plates and lower I was surprised to learn from lack in aerial talents they more than fins colored from rich cadmium yel- Robert Behnke’s remarkable book Trout make up for with how beautifully low to deep crimson. All display either and Salmon of North America that, at one and deliberately they take subsurface orange, pink or red slash marks on time, cutthroat had the largest natural and surface flies and how relentlessly their lower jaws. The cutthroat’s col- distribution of any North American they battle. In my opinion, only a very

When I chose a trout to best illustrate the classic head, fin and tail in the rise form, it had to be a cutthroat.

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My four favorite cutthroats to catch, photograph and paint. Top to bottom: Colorado River, westslope, greenback and Yellowstone.

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Cutthroat stay up on fin and feed equally well from surface to mid-depth to bottom, preferably on aquatic insects. selective brown is in the cutthroat’s and catch-and-release regulations. I size four woolly-worm. When fish had to class for sensuous surface rises to a remember years ago, before catch- be returned to the river after catch-and- hatch, ant or hopper. The surface rise and-release was implemented on the release, they wised up quickly and soon and take of a cutthroat is a thing of Yellowstone River in the park, I could I needed to precisely match emerging slow-motion perfection and beauty. In hook many, many cutts in one day on a insects to do well. An up-side of that is fact, it’s often difficult for the inexpe- rienced fly fisher to wait long enough before striking a precisely-timed cutthroat’s surface rise. I remember enjoying Saturday mornings watching classic cutthroat rises on ESPN’s Fly Fishing America. They produced several episodes that perfectly captured the cutthroat’s measured, easy rises to dry flies and hoppers. For some fly fishers, cutthroats and brook trout have reputations of being My favorite fly to rise a big colorful Yellowstone River dumb or gullible. But that’s not cor- cutthroat. rect for either fish, especially once they begin to experience fishing pressure

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that I had to improve my fly-fishing feed on small fish such as sculpins, skills, and that’s a good thing! shiners, small trout parr, smelt, After the fine-spotted Snake River dace and threadfin shad. Scuds, cutthroats were stocked in Arkansas’ damsel and dragonfly nymphs, back White River and Norfork tailwaters, I swimmers, leeches, flying ants and was amazed at how selective, secretive grasshoppers are the choicest foods and spooky they soon became com- to imitate in still-water beaver ponds, pared to hatchery rainbows and even sloughs and lakes. most of the browns there, and how The common name “cutthroat” fast they grew. I hooked one several was probably first used in 1884 to years ago on a very large sculpin describe the black-spotted trout that streamer that I first thought was a Charles Hancock, editor of Forest and big brown, but it was an eight pound Stream, caught in Rosebud Creek, a male cutthroat. What a thrill. tributary of the Yellowstone River In the Yellowstone River, in Wyoming. He described the trout between Yellowstone Lake outlet he caught there as having an intense and Yellowstone Falls, as well as on slash of carmine across their lower Slough Creek and on the Lamar jaws as large as his little finger, and so River, you can find some of the most he called it the “cut-throat trout.” marvelous, classic surface fly fishing Cutthroats were the first trout anyone could ever expect for wild 14 encountered by major European to 20 inch native trout! These are explorers of the West. In 1541, Pedro blue ribbon opportunities that I try to de Castaneda de Najera, a member never miss when I’m near the park in of Coronado’s expedition, in search August, September or October. of a mythical city of gold, discovered Cutthroats seem to use most of a something more special than gold: the stream’s food-rich habitat, with riffles, Rio Grande cutthroat. In 1805, the runs and tail-outs being their favor- Lewis and Clark Expedition caught ites. They love structure and boulders, westslope cutthroat on the Missouri ledges, moss beds, logs, root wads and River below Great Falls, Mont. coarse rock shorelines, all of which If you decide to explore the West attract cutts. The two monster river soon, I certainly hope that cutthroat cutts I’ve caught in my life were both will be the first native western trout living beneath the flooded trunk and you discover with fly rod, camera or limbs of big fallen trees. paint brush. A special quest could It’s my belief that cutthroats, like even be catching, photographing and the always eager rainbows, love to be releasing as many cutthroat subspe- up on fin, feeding during daylight cies, of the 14, as you can find. hours which, of course, is usually the If you’d like more technical infor- most pleasant time to be wading in a mation about the amazing cutthroat lovely stream. But if hatches intensify trout, as well as all other North toward and after sundown, they’ll American trout, char and salmon, feed all evening. I’d recommend that you read Trout and The best cutthroat flies are those Salmon of North America, expertly written that imitate the most abundant live by Robert Behnke and beautifully foods in the waters. Aquatic and ter- illustrated by Joseph Tomelleri and restrial immatures and adults prob- published by Free Press. ______ably top the list but cutts also readily davewhitlock.com

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Support Trout Unlimited’s Outfitters, Guides & Business Members

Angler’s Covey Reel Job Fishing, LLC Eldredge Bros Fly Shop & David Leinweber Capt. Kent Klewein Guide Service Whether you’re planning a fishing trip 295 S 21st St 3 Noontootla Overlook Jim Bernstein or searching for new fly patterns, Trout Colorado Springs, CO 80904 Blue Ridge, GA 30513 PO Box 69 Unlimited’s business members can help. 1-800-75FISHN (770) 330-7583 1480 US Rt 1 [email protected] [email protected] Cape Neddick, ME 03902 These companies are run by people like www.anglerscovey.com www.gaflyguide.com 1-877-427-9345 you: anglers who love the sport and want Fly Fishing Outfitters River Through Atlanta Guide [email protected] to protect it for the next generation. John Packer Service www.eldredgeflyshop.com 1060 W Beaver Creek Blvd Chris Scalley Munsungan Hunting & Avon, CO 81620 710 Riverside Rd Fishing Club Outfitters Guides Lodges 1-800-595-8090 Roswell, GA 30075 Jim Carter

[email protected]______(770) 650-8630 PO Box 186 www.flyfishingoutfitters.net [email protected]______Washburn, ME 04786 North Fork Ranch www.riverthroughatlanta.com (207) 592-8411 Dean May ALASKA Unicoi Outfitters [email protected]______Phil Landry Flyfishing PO Box B www.munsungan.com Alaska West Phil Landry Shawnee, CO 80475 John Cross Andrew Bennett 1898 Oliver Ave 1-800-843-7845 PO Box 419 Weatherby’s 166 NW 60th St Memphis, TN 38114 [email protected]______Helen, GA 30545 Jeff McEvoy Seattle, WA 98107 (901) 461-8822 www.northforkranch.com (706) 878-3083 PO Box 69 (425) 985-5938 [email protected] [email protected] Grand Lake Stream, ME 04637- ______High Mountain Drifters Guide [email protected] www.arkansastroutbum.com www.unicoioutfitters.com 3834 Service www.alaskawest.com Rim Shoals Resort Unicoi Outfitters (207) 796-5558 Travis Snyder [email protected] Denali Fly Fishing Guides Gary Flippin 201 W Tomichi Ave David Hulsey ______www.weatherbys.com 153 Rim Shoals Camp Gunnison, CO 81230 490 E Main St Rick McMahan Mountain Home, AR 72653 (970) 641-1845 Blue Ridge, GA 30513 MARYLAND PO Box 156 (870) 435-6144 [email protected] (706) 632-1880 Cantwell, AK 99729 [email protected] www.highmtndrifters.com [email protected] Ecotone, Inc. (907) 768-1127 www.rimshoals.com www.unicoioutfitters.com Scott McGill & Jim Morris [email protected]______The High Lonesome Ranch Wilkinson Outdoor Adventures Robin Weaver/ Buzz Cox Upper River Adventures PO Box 5 www.denalifishing.com 1204 Baldwin Mill Rd PO Box 88 Gene J. Rutkowski Jarrettsville, MD 21084 EPIC Angling & Adventure, Clint Wilkinson De Beque, CO 81630 PO Box 974 (410) 692-7500 LLC 336 Stephanie Dr (970) 283-9420 Blue Ridge, GA 30513 Rus Schwausch [email protected]______Gassville, AR 72635 [email protected]______1-800-206-8024 Alaska Peninsula, AK (870) 404-2942 www.ecotoneinc.com www.thehighlonesomeranch.com [email protected] (512) 656-2736 [email protected]______www.upperriver.net Savage River Lodge [email protected] wild trout on the fly.com www.whiteriver-flyfishing.com Mike Dreisbach www.epicanglingadventure.com Michael Miller 2264 S Williams St IDAHO 1600 Mt Aetna Rd Mat-Su Expeditions & River CALIFORNIA Denver, CO 80210 Flying B Ranch Frostburg, MD 21532 Guides Fly Fishers Club of Orange (303) 733-4958 (301) 689-3200 Tim Kalke & Brian Robison Rich Coe County michaelmiller@wildtroutonthefly.______2900 Lawyer Creek Rd [email protected]______PO Box 1049 Jim Edwards __ com Kamiah, ID 83536 www.savageriverlodge.com Talkeetna, AK 99676 PO Box 23005 www.wildtroutonthefly.com (907) 733-6377 1-800-472-1945 Waterwisp Flies Santa Ana, CA 92711-3005 Willowfly Anglers [email protected] (714) 337-5899 [email protected]______Jim Greene Three Rivers Resort www.matsuexpeditions.com www.ffcoc.org www.flyingbranch.com PO Box 151028 John Bocchino Teton Toppers Chevy Chase, MD 20815 Women’s Flyfishing Pit River Company 130 CR 742 1-800-4-MAYFLY Cecilia “Pudge” Kleinkauf Hilary Smith Brian MacDonald PO Box 339 [email protected] PO Box 243963 PO Box 196 ______942 Quarry St Almont, CO 81210 www.waterwisp.com Anchorage, AK 99524 Petaluma, CA 94954 1-888-761-FISH Victor, ID 83455 (907) 274-7113 (707) 763-7575 [email protected] (208) 787-3317 MASSACHUSETTS [email protected][email protected]______www.willowflyanglers.com [email protected] www.womensflyfishing.net www.pitrivercompany.com www.tetontoppers.com Concord Outfitters CONNECTICUT WorldCast Anglers Andy Bonzagni The Trout Spot 84 Commonwealth Ave ARKANSAS Richard Desrosiers Jr. Mike Dawkins J. Stockard Fly Fishing Concord, MA 01742 Linger’s Guide Service & 967 Warburton Ave PO Box 350 PO Box 800 (978) 318-0330 Fishing Lodge Santa Clara, CA 95050-3928 Victor, ID 83455 Kent, CT 06757 [email protected] Jim Brentlinger 1-800-822-7129 1-800-654-0676 ______1-877-FLY-TYING www.concordoutfitters.com PO Box 364 [email protected][email protected][email protected] Norfolk, AR 72658 www.thetroutspot.com www.jsflyfishing.com www.worldcastanglers.com Firefly Outfitters, LLC (870) 499-5185 Warpath Flies GEORGIA Michael Wilmerding [email protected]______Brent Dawson MAINE One Federal St www.lingersguideservice.com Fly Fishing Benefactors 1552 Kooser Road Carl Craig AMC Maine Wilderness Lodges Boston, MA 02110 Little Red Fly Shop San Jose, CA 95118 2288 Lakeview Pkwy (617) 423-Fish (3474) Jed Hollan (408) 836-1242 Villa Rica, GA 30180 Shannon Leroy [email protected]______35 Swinging Bridge Dr [email protected]______(678) 633-0591 PO Box 310 www.FireflyOutfitters.com Heber Springs, AR 72543 www.warpathflys.com benefactor@flyfishingbenefactors.______Greenville, ME 04441 MICHIGAN (501) 887-9988 __com (603) 466-2727 [email protected]______COLORADO www.flyfishingbenefactors.com [email protected] Cold Springs Forestry, LLC www.littleredflyshop.com ______4UR Ranch Frog Hollow Fly Fishing www.outdoors.org/mainelodges Chris Fink & Nate Nelson Ozark Angler Aaron C. Christensen, Gen Mgr Kenny Simmons Blue Heron Guide Service E5539 Woodland Ave Chad Kneeland Au Train, MI 49806 PO Box 340 956 Frog Hollow Rd Sean McCormick 12305 Chenal Pkwy Ste B (906) 892-8665 Creede, CO 81130 Dahlonega, GA 30533 80 E River Rd Little Rock, AR 72211 [email protected] (719) 658-2202 (706) 244-4372 Whitefield, ME 04353 ______(501) 225-6504 [email protected] www.coldspringsforestry.com ______kennysimmonsphotography@wind-______(207) 549-3355 [email protected]______www.4urranch.com stream.net_____ [email protected] www.ozarkangler.com www.froghollowflyfishing.com ______

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Fisheye Internet Solutions & Sutton Outfitters OREGON Hosting LLC Brian Sutton Big Y Fly Co. Inc. Ron Peckens 161 Leesville Rd Cameron Larsen 60 Cloverport Ave Jackson, NJ 08527 PO Box 215 Rochester Hills, MI 48307 (732) 267-5508 Maupin, OR 97037 (248) 652-6957 [email protected]______1-866-660-5758 [email protected]______www.SuttonOutfitters.com [email protected]______www.fisheyeinternet.com www.bigyflyco.com NEW MEXICO The Northern Angler Doc Thompson Orvis Endorsed PENNSYLVANIA Fly Fishing Guide Laurel Highlands Guide Services PO Box 52 Ute Park, NM 87749 Jim DiBiase (505) 376-9220 PO Box 156 www.flyfishnewmexico.com Melcroft, PA 15462 Land of Enchantment Guides (724) 433-7151 Noah Parker & Jerry Burton [email protected] PO Box 55 www.laurelhighlandsguideservices.com Velarde, NM 87582 Logan Outfitters (505) 629-5688 Bob Hesse [email protected]______PO Box 87 www.loeguides.com Spruce Creek, PA 16683 (877) 768-7688 NEW YORK [email protected] Watershed Assessment Associates www.loganoutfitters.com Christine Murphy, Managing Partner Nemacolin Woodlands Resort & 28 Yates St Spa Schenectady, NY 12305 Jonathan Yencha (518) 346-0225 1001 LaFayette Dr [email protected] Farmington, PA 15437 www.rwaa.us 1-800-422-2736 [email protected]______NORTH CAROLINA www.nemacolin.com Armstrong Creek Outfitters Penns Creek Guides Private Club Tom Doman Marc Jackson 415 Lower Georges Valley Rd 1473 Hwy 226-A Spring Mills, PA 16875 Marion, NC 28752 (814) 364-9142 (828) 756-7509 [email protected][email protected] www.pennscreekguides.com www.armstrongcreekoutfitters.com Woodlands World Foscoe Fishing Co. & Outfitters Eric Goodwin Scott Farfone 27 W Main St 9218 Hwy 105 S Uniontown, PA 15401 Banner Elk, NC 28604 (866) 472-6969 (828) 963-6556 [email protected] [email protected] www.woodlandsworld.com www.foscoefishing.com TENNESSEE Nantahala Outdoor Center Jeb Hall Sean McKay 13077 Hwy 19 W 2329 Snowood Drive Bryson City, NC 28713 Knoxville, TN 37918 1-800-232-7238 (865) 567-2441 [email protected] [email protected]______www.noc.com Watauga River Lodge & Outfitter Nantahala River Lodge G) Tim Holcomb Travis Hansen & Justin Spence Annette & Mickey Youmans 643 Smalling Rd PO Box 1643 27395 Wayah Rd Watauga, TN 37694 West Yellowstone, MT 59758 Nantahala, NC 28781 (406) 646-1181 1-800-470-4718 (828) 260-5782 [email protected] [email protected][email protected]______www.wyflyshop.com www.NantahalaRiverLodge.net www.wataugariverlodge.com NEW HAMPSHIRE OHIO TEXAS Hanover Outdoors Briarwood Sporting Club Guadalupe River Club Ron Rhodes Kristy & Chris Daniels Tommy Stansell 17 1/2 Lebanon St PO Box 760 12790 Merit Dr Ste 100 Dallas, TX 75251 Hanover, NH 03755 Bellefontaine, OH 43311 (469) 916-5840 (603) 643-1263 (937) 593-8045 www.guadaluperiverclub.com [email protected] [email protected] www.hanoveroutdoors.com www.BriarwoodClub.com Joshua Creek Ranch Ann Kercheville NEW JERSEY Streamside Systems PO Box 1946 Emily Tucker 132 Cravey Rd GBW Insurance 7440 Township Rd 95 Glenn Tippy Boerne, TX 78006 Findlay, OH 45840 (830) 537-5090 3 Gold Mine Rd (419) 423-1290 Flanders, NJ 07836 [email protected][email protected]______www.joshuacreek.com 1-800-548-2329 www.streamsidesystems.com [email protected]______www.GBWInsurance.com Continued on next page

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GUIDES, LODGES & OUTFITTERS

Exclusive Fly Fishing Club in west- Continued from previous page Wind River Outdoor Company/ Wisconsin John Guides Again ern N.C. Enjoy over a mile of private trophy Streamdreams Outfitter John R Nebel One Stop Market trout stream all to yourself! www.hollerfarm.com UTAH 339 Broad St Ron Hansen Au Sable Trophy Waters. Drift boat fly Menasha, WI 54952 PO Box 81 Fishwest fishing. Escape for a day of catch-and-release 47 West 106th South (920) 722-4004 Lander, WY 82520 Sandy, UT 84070 [email protected] (307) 332-4427 fishing in Michigan. All equipment included. (801) 572-9005 www.streamdreams.net [email protected]______Great streamside dinner. Beginners welcome. www.fishwestflyshop.com www.windriveroutdoorcompany.com Michael Johnson Riverguide. 1-800-522-STAY or WYOMING Four Seasons Fly Fishers of Utah www.mjriverguide.com Fish the Fly Travel LLC Arkansas trout and smallmouth. Hyde drift- 44 West 100 South Jason Balogh INTERNATIONAL Heber City, UT 84032 PO Box 42 boat flyfishing. White, Norfork, Little Red tailwaters. 1-800-498-5440 Jackson, WY 83001 BAHAMAS Ken Richards, Just Fishin’ Guides. 479-273-0276, [email protected] (307) 690-1139 Andros South www.justfishinguides.com www.utahflyfish.com [email protected]______Andrew Bennett www.fishthefly.com Arkansas’ White River! McKenzie drift boat Jans Outfitters 166 NW 60th St Chris Wistner Four Seasons Resort Jackson Hole Seattle, WA 98107 fly fishing on Beaver and Bull Shoals tailwaters. PO Box 280 (425) 985-5938 Scott Branyan, Ozark Fly Flinger, 888-99-FLING; Park City, UT 84060 Ryan Peterson, Director of Fishing [email protected]______www.flyflinger.com (435) 649-4949 7680 Granite Loop Rd PO Box 544 www.androssouth.com [email protected]______Teton Village, WY 83025 Best Trout Fishing in the East. S. Holston/ CANADA Park City Outfitters (307) 732-5000 Watauga River tailraces. Hatches year round. Brandon Bertagnole www.fourseasons.com/jacksonhole Arctic Adventures Located on the South Holston River. E. Tennessee. 1295 E Whileaway Rd Lander Llama Co Wilderness Pack Francine Ashton Wade or float guided trips. Lodging available. Park City, UT 84098 Trips 19950 Clark Graham South Holston River Fly Shop. ______www.southholston- 1-866-649-3337 Scott Woodruff Baie d’Urfe, QC H9X 3R8 ______riverflyshop.com (423) 878-2822. [email protected]______2024 Mortimore Ln 1-800-465-9474 www.parkcityoutfitters.com Lander, WY 82520 [email protected]______Kentucky’s Cumberland River Trout. Trout Bum 2 1-800-582-5262 www.arcticadventures.ca Trophy fish! Ken Glenn’s Trout Guiding. http://[email protected] Chad Jaques Frontier Farwest Lodge glenntroutguiding.home.att.net.______270-784-8101. 4343 N Hwy 224 Ste 101 www.WyomingHiking.com/flyfish.html Derek Botchford Park City, UT 84098 Live Water Properties, LLC PO Box 250 Gallatin River Lodge, Bozeman, Montana. (435) 658-1166 Alex Maher, Broker/Owner Telkwa, BC V0J 2X0 Elegant accommodations. Wine Spectator Award [email protected]______PO Box 9240 (877) 846-9153 for our dining. Exceptional guides available on the www.troutbum2.com Jackson, WY 83002 www.bulkleysteelhead.com Madison, Yellowstone, Gallatin Rivers and private 1-866-734-6100 The Lodge at Gold River water. 888-387-0148 www.grlodge.com. VIRGINIA [email protected]______www.livewaterproperties.com Kent O’Neill Cropp Metcalfe Commercial PO Box 280 Maine’s upper Androscoggin River. Float Woody Hartsook Reel Deal Anglers JH, Inc. Gold River, BC V0P 1G0 trips offered on the premier blue ribbon fishery in 2816 Dorr Ave Rhett J. Bain (250) 283-2900 Maine’s western mountains. Rainbows, browns and Fairfax, VA 22031 PO Box 7696 [email protected]______smallmouth bass. Master Guide Sandy MacGregor. (703) 698-8855 Jackson, WY 83002 www.thelodgeatgoldriver.ca www.MountainRanger.com 207-221-0798. FREE www.croppmetcalfe.com (307) 739-7020 Z-Boat Lodge River Guides Ltd. CD-ROM video. Ms. Guided [email protected] Kiki Galvin www.reeldealanglers.com Brad Zeerip NH’s Upper Connecticut River. Quality trout 2004 Dexter Dr Rocky Mountain Ranch 1778 Sleeping Beauty Ln and landlocked salmon fishing. Cabin accommoda- Falls Church, VA 22043 Management Terrace, BC V8G 3Z6 tions, professional guide service, Orvis fly shop. Let (703) 893-7020 Jim Broderick 1-866-ZBOATBC us host you for a memorable fly-fishing adventure [email protected]______PO Box 10516 www.msguidedflyfishing.net Jackson, WY 83002 [email protected]______in New Hampshire’s Great North Woods. Orvis (307) 690-9189 www.zboatbc.com endorsed. Lopstick Lodge and Cabins, Pittsburg, WASHINGTON NH (800) 538-6659 www.lopstick.com [email protected]______SPAIN www.rockymountainranchmanagement. Sage Manufacturing Kentucky’s Cumberland River Trout. Bruce Kirschner __com Salvelinus 8500 NE Day Rd Sweetwater Fishing Expeditions Ivan Tarin Trophy fish! Ken Glenn’s Trout Guiding. _____http: ken- Bainbridge Island, WA 98110 C/ Pablo Remacha 17, 3o 9 glenntroutguiding.home.att.net.______270-843-3701. 1-800-533-3004 Zaragoza 50008 George H. Hunker III Northern Driftless Area, www.kinnicreek.com [email protected]______PO Box 524 Spain www.sageflyfish.com Lander, WY 82520 0034-696-164-810 1-877-504-9705 [email protected] (307) 332-3986 The Best Fly Fishing in Belgium, WEST VIRGINIA [email protected]______www.salvelinus.com www.flyfishingbelgium.com Angler’s Xstream www.sweetwaterfishing.com Rich Beckwith Two Rivers Emporium NEWEST RESORT IN NORTHWESTERN 2109 Camden Ave Mike Kaul ONTARIO! Lakes, rivers, streams abundant with Parkersburg, WV 26101 PO Box 1218 wild brookies up to 7 pounds. Countless small brook- 1-877-909-6911 Pinedale, WY 82941 GET INVOLVED… fishing @anglersxstream.com ie lakes that have seldom seen anglers. Northern ______1-800-329-4353 For information on anglersxstream.com [email protected]______Woods Lodge is remote, yet road accessible with www.2rivers.net TU’s Outfitters, Guides all the amenities. For more information, go to ___www. WISCONSIN Ugly Bug Fly Shop & Business Members northernwoodslodge.com or call (807) 937-6584. BlueSky Furled Leaders Brian Martin Program, or to update San Juan River, New Mexico Aztec Anglers John Cantwell 240 S Center St your listing, please is the Premier Fly Fishing Guide Service on the 1163 Garland St Casper, WY 82601 Green Bay, WI 54301 1-866-uglybug contact Beverly Lane at Famous San Juan River. Float and Wade Trips, Full (920) 430-1239 [email protected][email protected].______and Half Days. Lodging packages available. Animas [email protected] www.crazyrainbow.net and Pine River trips in Colorado. 877-298-3204 www.blueskyfly.com www.aztecanglers.com

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CLASSIFIEDS

Colorado—Gold Metal Waters. Float fish for Western NC, 1.25 acres on Nantahala River, West Yellowstone, Montana Angler’s Rest: rainbows and browns with the best guides and equip- water, sewer, electric. RV on home site, surrounded 4 bedroom, 2.5 baths, full kitchen, sleeps 10— ment. Roaring Fork and Colorado Rivers, Glenwood by national park lands, private fishing community downtown West Yellowstone half mile from Park Springs, Aspen area. Lic. #1985. (877) 367-7647, $139K OBO (850) 785-7255 or (850) 234-4915. entrance, minutes from major trout streams. Be com- canyonguide.com fortable after your day on the stream. www.burkinc. Craig, Montana prime Missouri riverfront loca- net/anglersrest (301) 461-0902. Consider Montana’s Bitterroot Dry fly fishing tion, top quality home, 3br, 2.5 bt, two garages, at it’s best 3 Days-Floating Wading-Walking 4 Nights- other amenities. Agent (406)761-0001 Come experience Montana’s Tailwater Lodging Airport Shuttle $1395.00 One or Two [email protected]______House on the West Fork of the Bitterroot—in the Anglers BITTERROOT BILL 1-800-363-2408 30 heart of the inimitable Selway-Bitterroot country. Branson, Missouri—Located in the Years Experience- MT Guide #76 The sweetest piece of trout water you’ll find. Family- Southwest corner of the state and is also called owned vacation rental. www.tailwaterhouse.com Montana River Lodge, float or wade for four species Ozark Mountain Country because of its natural of trout to 20+ inches, private access to miles of seclud- beauty. Lake Taneycomo for trophy trout head- ed water montanariverlodge.com (406) 207-0673. waters and less than a mile from bass fishing and MISC. Denali Park, Alaska. Join us on a half or full water sports on Table Rock Lake. Lakehomes to day adventure searching for our native Arctic Grayling purchase or maybe a second home. ______www.branson- SPORTING PAINTINGS 100+ images with on clear water streams in the Alaska Range. Denali Fly ______homesshowcase.com, www.bransonlakehomes.com. prices on-line. Fishing, Hunting, Wildlife, Western, Fishing Guides, 907-768-1127, www.denalifishing.com. MAGNIFICENT NC FARM: 80 mountain Landscape, Seascapes. Web Page: www.epix. ______net/~georges or Google: George L. Schelling Fly Fishing in Italy. From the Alps, and acres in Bethel Valley near Boone, NC. Unique Slovenia or Croatia, south through Tuscany and property with 1/3 mile of bold trout stream, PINE, SPRUCE, FIR seedlings for reforestation, Umbria regions, we organize exceptional angling turkey and deer. Paved road, pastures, woods. wildlife, windbreaks, Christmas trees, landscap- experiences by selecting the best waters and the Owner financing. $850,000. Won’t last! Contact ing. Wholesale prices. FREE catalog. FLICKINGERS’ best time to fish them. Stay in a medieval village, in a (843) 846-6088. [email protected]. NURSERY, Sagmore, Pa. 16250. 1-800-368-7381, quaint hotel or a furnished countryside house. We Centennial, Wyoming, 3,400 sq. ft. custom www.flicknursery.com can also include programs for non-fishing compan- log home, 2 acre lot, close to ski area, snowmo- ions. Tel. 302/436-0153 E-mail: [email protected] biling, minutes from Big & Little Laramie Rivers - website: www.westerneuropeantravel.com as well as alpine lakes and streams, access to stocked, private pond. $799,000 970-674-1683 7KH5HVXUJHQFHRI FLIES & GEAR www.CabinsOnTheStream.com is your connection to cabins and land on premier trout 6SOLW%DPERR The most complete line of exquisite, hand-woven streams in North Georgia and Tennessee! Own BlueSky Furled Leaders plus our expanded selection your piece of heaven, we have properties with 7U\IRU'D\Vy6DWLVIDFWLRQ*XDUDQWHHG of accessories. We’re the Leader in Furled Leaders. stocked trophy trout. Place your cabin in a rental Ph/Fax 920-430-1239. BlueSkyFly.com.______ program and let others pay for your investment. Check out www.upperriver.net and give us a call Free Catalog! KBE Flyfishing Company provides 800-206-8024 RE/MAX Around the Mountains. premium fly shop quality flies! Chemically sharpened hooks! 30 years in the business! The best deal in Salida, Colorado. Fly-fishing heaven, real fly fishing! FREE CATALOG! 1-888-808-7067, www.__ mountain community. Hayden Mellsop real estate ZZZKHDGZDWHUVEDPERRFRP______flyfishingflies.com 32%R[+LOOVERUR25 guide, buyers’ agent to fly fishermen. www.Home- yLQIR#KHDGZDWHUVEDPERRFRP______ FREE SAMPLE spent-wing material. Waters.com. Pinon Real Estate Group. www.mayfly-material.com 440-842-5599. Your SW Montana Residential & Recreational BAMBOO RODS Buy Sell Consign Connection www.realestate-angler.com Bryan Atwell, Realtor 406-579-7616 www.coldwatercollectibles.com 1891 HOUSE REBUILT WITH AMISH Natural and synthetic FLY TYING materials. CRAFTSMANSHIP ADJACENT TO FLY ONLY We have the popular colors of high quality materials at AND WILD TROUT WATER ON CALDWELL Advertise in reasonably prices. Enter the discount code TRU9 for a CREEK “THE DREAM STREAM” IN NW PA FOR Classifieds 20% discount on your order. TROUTSMEN.COM______UNDER $200,000. OILREGIONHOMES.COM______Celebrate TU’s 50th with a Michigan made split 814-827-6868 Reach more than 135,000 anglers for just bamboo fly rod. Aldercreekrods.com______Lake County, CO: 147 acres +/-, restored $2.25/word ($2.05/word for members). historic cabin, half mile Lake Fork Creek, elk Send text of ad and payment to: FOR SALE meadows, borders BLM, Holy Cross Wilderness. TROUT Classifieds Fishing, hunting, skiing. www.foxcrossingranch.com. 1300 North 17th Street, Ste 500 Yellow Mountain Preserve in Roaring Creek Hayden Mellsop, Pinon Real Estate Group. Arlington, Virginia 22209-3801 Valley, near the NC/TN line. Secluded, with pan- 719 530 8333. Ads may be faxed to (703)284-9400 oramic views and prime TROUT waters at entrance. Oakridge, Oregon. Country home, six acres, or e-mailed to [email protected]______. Acreage and High Quality 3BR/3BA, 2,000 sq ft log barn. Native cutthroat on property. Eight prime cabins for sale. Protected by Conservation Easement trout streams within two hours. $325k Classifieds must be prepaid. Count phone number, and Covenants. Surrounded by thousands of acres (541) 782-2616. fax number, ZIP code, street number, abbreviations of Federal and State lands of the Roan Mtn-Yellow and email or website address as one word each. Mtn Highlands. The Appalachian Trail and others are accessed from this Preserve. Roaring Creek is a major FOR RENT DEADLINES TROUT stream, as is the nearby North Toe River. Winter November 1 Cabins each with 5ac for $395K; large-acre lots +/- TROUT HEAVEN Located near Victor, Spring February 1 $20-30K/ac., all at 4200 to over 5000 ft. Cabins Idaho Furnished Modern Home with cabin feel, Summer May 1 have numerous amenities, including outdoor hot tub, 2bdrm/2bath, Sleeps 6. Good central location to Fall August 1 DSL. Less than 30 minutes to Linville or Banner Elk, South Fork, Snake, Henries & Teton Rivers. Good To request a media kit for display 70 to airport. Experience it before you buy: SPECIAL fishing advice available on site. $1100.00/week advertising, call (703)284-9422 RENTAL RATES FOR ANGLERS. Call 866.963.2088 $150.00/night (208)709-2976 for details. www.SundanceMountainLands.com [email protected]______

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Coaster Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis

By Dr. Robert Behnke There are two migratory forms of eastern brook trout. Sea-run brook trout, known as salters, occur in coastal regions in the northeastern part of the species’ range. The coaster brook trout, which utilizes shoreline habitat, occurs in Lakes Nipigon and Superior. Except on Lake Superior’s Isle Royale, coasters have virtually vanished from U.S. waters. Early declines were associated with dams and watershed degradation of spawning streams. Now, nonnative rainbow, brown trout, coho and Chinook salmon have largely usurped the habitat and forage once used by coasters. Genetic analyses have clearly demonstrated that coasters do not represent a single evolutionary unit, but are most closely related to resident brook trout in the streams nearest the area where coasters occur. The only distinguishing trait is that coasters migrate to the lake and resident brook trout stay put. Why coasters did not occur in the other Great Lakes is a great mystery. In Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, south of the Jordan River, no brook trout are native to tributaries of Lakes Michigan or Huron. In the Lake Erie basin of Ohio, brook trout are native only to the Chagrin River. During thousands of years, why didn’t any of the multitudes of resident brook trout populations of the other Great Lakes develop a migratory urge? Attempts to restore coasters to U.S waters of Lake Superior are ongoing. Recently, a petition to list coasters for protection under the Endangered Species Act was rejected by the federal government.

You Can Help Bring Back the Natives The historical coaster range lies around Lake Superior and Canada’s TU has played an integral role in coaster brook trout conservation efforts Lake Nipigon (above), but very in places like the Salmon Trout River, where the Kennecott nickel-copper

few populations remain. mine threatens to contaminate one of the last coaster strongholds. For more ______information, visit tu.org/coasters. ILLU S T R A TION B Y SKETCHANDRELEASE.COM TROUT SPRING 2007 64

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National Leadership Conference

TU’s 2009 National Leadership Conference will be held August 21-22 at the Grand Traverse Resort and Spa in Traverse City, Mich. It will be the seventh annual meeting of the National Leadership Council. The local TU members will host fishing trips on August 18 on some of the region’s finest rivers. August 19 will feature a tour of TU’s restoration work in Michigan. August 21 and 22 are reserved for the Annual Members Meeting and meeting of the National Leadership Council and TU’s conservation awards ceremony. For an agenda and registration information, see tu50.org.

Notice of Annual Meeting Friday, August 21, 2009 8:30 a.m., Grand Traverse Resort and Spa Traverse City, Mich.

Notice is hereby given to the members of Trout Unlimited, a Michigan non-profit corporation, that, pursuant to the provisions of the bylaws, the 50th annual meeting of members will be held to elect trustees and to take up any other business that comes up properly before the meeting. Beginning July 15, members can obtain the 2009 proxy at tu50.org or through the mail by calling (703) 522-0200.

Introduces the World’s First FISH COUNTER

Rainbow Trout

Brook Trout

Keep accurate count of your

Golden Trout daily catch

Track up to 100 ﬁ sh

Support catch and release

Fly Shop/Distributor inquiries welcome Brown Trout

Artwork by Joe Tomelleri 24 Piece Display

Please go to www.pitrivercompany.com for a list of fly shops

942 Quarry Street, Petaluma, CA 94954 707.763.7575 [email protected], cell: 707.321.4999 and [email protected], cell: 415.265.0762

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There are a lot of reasons other than just the tax advantages to make us a part of your estate planning.

For more information, contact Matt Braughler in the Arlington ofﬁ ce. (703) 284-9413. [email protected].

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