PolicyPolicy andand ImplementationImplementation onon WaterWater EnvironmentEnvironment inin ThailandThailand

Thiparpa Yolthantham

POLLUTION CONTROL DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT THAILAND http://www.pcd.go.th PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline

¾ Introduction ¾ State Of Water Quality ¾ Sources of Water Pollution ¾ Water Quality Regulations ¾ Water Environment Policy ¾ Management Approaches and Implementation on Water Environment ¾ Conclusions and Recommendations WaterWater QualityQuality ProblemsProblems inin ThailandThailand

NH3-N BOD FCB TCB 6% 2% 11% 23%

DO 12%

Turbidity TS 17% TP 14% 15% ¾¾ StateState ofof SurfaceSurface WaterWater QualityQuality inin ThailandThailand inin 20072007 Sources of Water Pollution

¾ PointPoint SourcesSources PollutionPollution

z Domestic wastewater

z Industrial wastewater

z Agricultural wastewater • Pig farm • Fish pond ¾ NonNon--pointpoint SourceSource PollutionPollution

z Paddy field

z Orchards

z Land uses WaterWater QualityQuality RegulationsRegulations

¾¾ TheThe EnhancementEnhancement andand ConservationConservation ofof NationalNational EnvironmentalEnvironmental QualityQuality ActAct ,, 19921992 ¾¾ EffluentEffluent StandardsStandards ¾¾ AmbientAmbient WaterWater QualityQuality StandardStandard WaterWater EnvironmentEnvironment PolicyPolicy

¾¾ TheThe NationalNational EnvironmentalEnvironmental QualityQuality PlanPlan forfor 20072007--20112011 ¾¾ AimAim toto accelerateaccelerate thethe rehabilitationrehabilitation ofof waterwater qualityquality inin majormajor waterwater resourcesresources

z toto reducereduce andand controlcontrol waterwater pollutionpollution originatingoriginating fromfrom domestic,domestic, industrial,industrial, andand agriculturalagricultural activitiesactivities

z toto applyapply thethe polluterpolluter payspays principleprinciple

z toto promotepromote andand supportsupport privateprivate sectorsector investmentinvestment inin solvingsolving waterwater pollutionpollution problemproblem ManagementManagement ApproachesApproaches andand ImplementationImplementation onon WaterWater EnvironmentEnvironment

¾¾ CommandCommand andand ControlControl ¾¾ WastewaterWastewater TreatmentTreatment andand DisposalDisposal ¾¾ VoluntaryVoluntary ApproachApproach oror PartnershipPartnership FormulationFormulation ¾¾ BasinBasin ManagementManagement ¾¾ PublicPublic ParticipationParticipation VoluntaryVoluntary approachapproach

¾¾PollutionPollution PreventionPrevention ¾¾WasteWaste MinimizationMinimization ¾¾ CleanerCleaner ProductionProduction ¾¾ CleanerCleaner TechnologyTechnology Public Participation on Monitoring System

On-line Water Quality Monitoring System

Critical Normal Situation Situation

Monitoring Monitoring Station Station

GPRS Link

Operation

Center at PCD SMS Warning Alarming

Network Public and Stakeholders Warning WaterWater QualityQuality ProblemsProblems ¾ DO depletion in the river ¾ Death of fish ¾ Excessive nutrient discharges into the Gulf (eutrophication)) ¾ Bacteria Contamination

Average DO St an dar d DO 8.00 6.00 4.00 2.00 0.00

.0 0 .0 .0 .0 .0 0.0 4.0 0 8 16 3 53.0 82. 60 13 1 190 237.0 31 River Km Participation in Water Quality Monitoring Using Local Wisdom to Treat Domestic Wastewater Before Discharging Grease Trap ConclusionsConclusions andand RecommendationsRecommendations

¾ Conclusions

z Surface water quality in the most part of Thailand can be considered as fair conditions,

z Integrated approaches should be taken into account

z Public participation should be also promoted ¾ Recommendations

z Regional water quality planning at basin level is required

z Intensive study of water quality degradation due to non-point sources of pollution is needed to be investigated

z Water quality model and a geographic information system (GIS) should be applied as a tool for water qqualityuality management