Reporting the First World War: Charles Repington, the Times and the Great War, 1914–1918 A

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-10549-2 - Reporting the First World War: Charles Repington, The Times and the Great War, 1914–1918 A. J. A. Morris Index More information

Index

‘Achileris’ 266 British, Expeditionary Force (BEF) Admiralty 18, 44, 54, 73, 79–81, 86, 94, 25–6, 86–7, 98, 101, 111, 115–16, 117–18, 120, 123, 128, 131, 135, 120–1, 123–4 137, 180, 187, 241 Council 38–9, 42, 48, 62, 66–7, 69–72, aerial defence: aeroplanes 158 90–4, 96, 100, 147, 160, 163, 168, air raids 186, 262, 267 185, 200, 202, 211, 218, 234, 242, airships 158 245, 251, 313 anti-aircraft guns 267 Estimates 4, 45, 75, 94–8, 110 Afghanistan 33, 309 General Annual Report (1912) 134 Second Afghan War (1878–80) 1, 26 League 19 Agadir /Second Moroccan Crisis (1911) Manoeuvres 67, 160–2 130–4, 159 Order (January 1905) 223 Agnew, William Lockett 261, 319 public indifference towards 44 Aitken. See Beaverbrook reform movement 18–19 Albert, king of the Belgians and C-in-C of reforms introduced by Haldane Belgian army 169, 179, 199 88–104 Algeçiras Conference (1906) 53 Review, 127–32, 134–40 Allenby, Field Marshal Sir Edmund Henry Egyptian 3 Hynman, Viscount 161, 206, 223, French 3, 55, 132, 168 240, 264, 297, 319 German 55, 118, 132–3 Amery, Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Indian 26, 32, 34, 92, 209, 216 15, 17, 19–20, 32, 37, 39, 109, Arnold-Forster, Hugh Oakley 21, 47–51, 256, 319 62, 64, 67, 90, 92–4, 102–3, 319 amphibious operations 21, 54, 56 Arthur, Field Marshal HRH Prince, Duke Ancre, Battle of (13–18 November 1916) of Connaught 42, 66–8, 319 231–2 Arthur, Sir George Compton Archibald Angell, Sir Ralph Norman 36, 319 304, 319 Anglo-French Entente (1904) 51–3, Artillery 24–5, 34, 102, 118, 222–4 131–2 Herbert Henry, Earl of Oxford and Asquith Anglo-French Military Conversations 61, 79–80, 82, 84–9, 97–8, 105–18, (1905–6) 51–61, 315 120–4, 142–3 145–9, 153, 155, 160, Anglo-Russian Agreement/Convention 176–8, 181, 184–5, 187–8, 194–6, (1907) 31–2, 51 207–9, 211–12, 225, 232, 257, 271, Annexation of Bosnia Hertzegovina 278, 320 (October 1908) 86 Margaret Emma Alice ‘Margot’, née Antwerp expedition 171–8, 180 Tennant 7, 320 Ardagh, Lieutenant General Sir John Astor, Waldorf, 2nd Viscount 236, 274–5, Charles 17, 319 278–9, 281, 320 Armistice 295, 302 Army, American, Expeditionary Force Bacon, Adm. Sir Reginald Hugh Spencer (AEF) 132, 161, 164, 174, 240, 8, 320 282–90 Robert 284

385

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-10549-2 - Reporting the First World War: Charles Repington, The Times and the Great War, 1914–1918 A. J. A. Morris Index More information

386 Index

Bachelors’ Walk affray (July 1914) 166–7 Boer War, aka Second South African Baker, Norman Diehl 283, 320 War (1899–1902) 4, 18, 24, 36, 38, Balance of power theory 166 47–8, 74 Balfour, Arthur James 20, 30, 36, 38, 43–5, Bolo, Paul Marie, aka Bolo Pasha 261, 50, 76–7, 84, 86, 102–3, 107, 119, 276, 322 124, 142, 147, 157, 159, 213, 239, ‘Bolt from the Blue’ theory 77, 117 300, 320 Bond, Professor Brian 318 Balkan League 113 Bottomley, Horatio William 261, 322 Balkan Wars (1912–13) 111–12, 114, 118, Bow Street Magistrates 259, 262, 276 163, 166 Boy Scouts 107 Barrett, Sergeant Patrick 217 Brackenbury, General Sir Henry 27, Barrow, Major General Sir Edmund 42, 322 George 32 Brade, Sir Reginald Herbert 181, 322 Bathurst, Countess Lilias Margaret Frances Brest–Litovsk, Armistice (16 Dec. 279–80, 321 1917) 240 Battenberg, Prince Louis Alexander, Brett, Maurice 61, 68, 201 Marquess of Milford Haven Reginald. See Esher 122, 321 Briand, Aristide 199, 256, 322 Beaverbrook, William Maxwell Aitken, Bridgeman, Adm. Sir Francis Charles Lord 187, 252, 321 122, 322 Politicians and the War 1914–1916 Brodrick, William St John Freemantle, (1928) 187 Viscount Midleton 16, 18, 20–1, 94, Beck, Anton de 236 100, 116, 322 Beerbohm, Sir Henry Maximilian ‘Max’ Brooke, Lieutenant Colonel Victor 313–14 Reginald 33–4 Begbie, Harold 316–17, 321 Buchan, John, Lord Tweedsmuir 279, 322 Belgium, Guarantee of Neutrality(1870) 55 Buckle, George Earle 24–5, 27, 29, 32, Violation of frontier 56, 115, 159 34–5, 39, 75–6, 82–3, 97, 108–9, Bell, Charles Frederic Moberly 15–16, 18, 112, 122–3, 125–6, 129–32, 135, 24–6, 109, 125–6, 129, 132, 138–40, 323 139, 321 Buller, General Sir Henry Redvers 3–5, 15, Belloc, Hilaire Réné 203, 321 65, 323 Benckendorff, Countess of 301 Burke’s Landed Peerage 291 Beresford, Adm. Lord Charles William de la Burmese Third/‘Subaltern’s’ War Poer, ‘Charlie B’ 78–9, 85, 136, 210, (1885–7) 3, 24 273, 321 Burnham, Harry Lawson Webster Berthelot, Henri Matteus 199 Levy-Lawson, 1st Viscount 306, 310 Bertie, Sir Francis 199, 256, 321 Bushido 20 Bieberstein, Adolf Hermann Marschall ‘Business as usual’ 158 von 137 Byng, Field Marshal Sir Julian Hedworth, ‘Big Four’ 301 George 323 Bigge, Sir Arthur. See Stamfordham Birch, Gen. Sir James Frederick Noel Cadet Corps 104 289, 321 Cadorna, Luigi 222, 323 Birkenhead. See F.E.Smith Cairnes, William Elliot 16, 323 Birrell, Augustine 148, 150, Calais Conference (July 1915) 211 188, 321 Callwell, Major General Sir Charles Blackwood’s Magazine 19, 159 Edward 179, 183, 192, 207, Blake, Professor Lord 154, 264 302, 323 Blowitz, Henri Georges Stephan Opper de Cambon, Pierre 53, 57, 60–1, 269, 323 10, 303, 322 Cambrai, Battle of (Nov. – Dec.1917) 240, Blue Ribbon theory 63–4, 70 243–4 Blue Water Theory (including acolytes Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry ‘C-B’ 38, and advocates of) 44, 47, 74–6, 87, 43, 45, 57, 59–60, 92, 98, 323 106–7, 117, 122, 131 Cardwell system 92

Index 387

Carmelite House 140 Compulsory Service (1910) 109 Carson, Sir Edward Henry 144, 147, 150–6, Conscription 24, 59, 76–7, 84, 91, 105–24, 184, 210, 250, 260, 271, 289, 323 131, 164–5, 193, 208, 228, 314 Casablanca Crisis (1908) 61, 86 Conseil Supérieur de la Guerre 57 Castelnau, Commander Noel Joseph 224 Constable & Company (Publishers) 297–9 Cavan, Field Marshal Frederick Rudolph Cook, Sir Edward 183, 262 Lambart, 10th Earl of 206, 324 Corbett, Howard 248, 253 Cave, Sir George 259 Cornwallis-West, Mrs William ‘Patsy’ Cecil, Hugh Richard Heathcote, Lord 324 86, 217 Major General J.E.H.G. 4th Marquess of Courtney, Leonard Henry, Lord 83, 325 Salisbury 103 Cowans, Lieutenant General Sir John ‘Jolly Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne 3rd Jack’ Steven 89, 214, 216–20, Marquess of Salisbury 17, 340 242–3, 325 Censorship /the Censor 168, 176–81, Craig, Capt. James, Viscount Craigavon 192–3, 203, 220, 222, 224, 226, 150–1, 325 231–2, 258, 262, 266, 268, 287 Cramb, John Adam 109, 325 Central Ofﬁce 107, 122 Cravatt, Paul 283 Central Strike Force 176 Crewe, Robert Ofﬂey Ashburton Crewe- Chamberlain, Sir Joseph Austen 251, 324 Milnes, Marquess of 35, 87, 325 Channel / Western Fleet 54, 56, 78, 131 Crippen, Dr Hawley Harvey 262, 325 Chantilly conference (November 1916) Curragh Incident (February 1914) 220, 232 145–56, 163 Charadame, André 279 Curzon, George Nathaniel, ‘GN’, Charteris, Brigadier Sir John 224, 226, 241, Marquess of Kidleston 26–8, 34, 244, 324 106, 184, 211, 325 Chirol, Sir Ignatius Valentine 15, 17, 26–9, 32–5, 109, 139, 324 Daily Express 109, 125, 252 Fifty Years in a changing World (1927) 29 Daily Mail, 83, 109, 113, 125–6, 181, 188, Churchill, Jeanette ‘Jenny’ née Jerome, Lady 226, 234, 239, 250, 266 Randolph 316, 324 Daily Mirror 252–3 Sir Winston Leonard Spencer 18–19, 83, Daily Telegraph 84, 86, 204, 299, 302, 305, 97–9, 112, 117–18, 122–3, 135, 138, 309–10 145, 148–54, 157–8, 165, 176–7, Dardanelles 180, 182, 187, 191, 193–4, 180–1, 192, 200, 208, 210–12, 216, 198, 209–13, 220, 308 225–6, 289, 308, 313, 324 Darling, Sir John 260, 326 World Crisis (1924) 308 Dawson, George Geoffrey ‘Robin’ 29, CGS / CGIS 39, 42, 64, 68–72, 94, 164, 109–20, 124, 128, 131, 134, 176, 197, 228, 230–1, 240, 248, 139–40, 143, 145, 149–51, 153, 251, 254, 265 155, 162, 167, 173, 178–9, 205, Clarke, Sir George Sydenham 18, 22, 24, 212, 233, 236–53, 261, 273, 29–30, 33, 35, 37–9, 44–5, 56–60, 301–2, 305, 311, 326 67, 70, 76–9, 85, 105, 174, 324 Defence Committee (CD); Imperial Defence My Working Life (1927) 35 Committee (CID) 38, 43–5, 53, 77, Clayton, Lieutenant General Sir Frederick 94, 108, 117, 119, 124, 128, 133, 135, Thomas 219 138–9, 160, 164 Clausewitz, Gen. Karl Marie von 20, 175, Of the Realm Act (DORA) 259–62 316, 325 Sub-Committee for strategic planning Clemenceau, Georges, ‘Tiger’ 60, 241, 53–4, 58 254–5, 269, 300–1, 325 Delcassé, Theophile 51, 326 Coalition ministries 185–8, 220, 225, 227 Derby, Edward George Villiers Stanley, codes 132 17th Earl of 8, 194, 197, 210, 214, Collen, Gen. Sir Edwin 34, 325 218–20, 231, 240, 242, 244–5, 254, Colomb, Sir John Charles Ready 256, 269, 272, 326 74, 325 Scheme of Recruitment 194, 196–7 Vice Adm. Philip Howard 74, 325 Dilke, Sir Charles Wentworth 84, 103, 326

388 Index

Dillon, John 188–9, 311 special relationship with the press 75–6 Director of Public Prosecutions 254 Fitzgerald, Lieutenant Colonel Brinsley Disarmament 306–7 John Hamilton 179, 182–3, 185, Donop, Major General Sir Stanley Brenton 189, 226 von 186, 326 Fleet (Grub) Street 17–20, 159, 250, 252 Douglas, Gen. Sir Charles Whittingham Foch, Marshal Ferdinand 128, 179, Horsley 40, 160, 326 201–2, 222–4, 227–8, 231, 241, 255, Downshire, Lady Evelyn, Marchioness 285–6, 296, 300–1, 327 of 299 Forbes Archibald 1 Dreadnought battleships 21, 84, 105–7, 159 Forgach, Johann Graf von 165 Dreikaiserbund 51 Forster, Philip Staveley 107, 327 Dual System 26–7 Franco-Prussian War (1870) 47, 55, 169 Duff, General Beauchamp 216 Franco-Russian (Dual) Alliance (1894) 51 Duncan, Adm. Adam, Viscount 157, 326 Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria 156, Dupont, Colonel 175 163, 327 Fraser, Lovat 29, 112–13, 176, 238, 327 Edmonds, Sir James 9, 160 Freeman, G.S 34, 233 Edward VII 36, 54, 61, 64–5, 67, 70, French, Field Marshal Sir John Denton 81–2, 85, 87, 108 Pinkstone, Earl of Ypres 24, 39, 42, Einkreisungpolitik 51 53, 61, 64, 67–70, 80, 110, 121, 123, Elgin Commission (1902) 38 139, 143, 147–51, 160–2, 179–81, Elibank, Alexander Murray, Viscount 184–5, 189–91, 200, 202–8, 212, 183, 326 224–7, 231, 265, 299, 302, 304, Elles, Major General Sir Edmund 26–7 310, 328 Elliot, Maxine 200, 213 ‘Frocks and Brasshats’ 10, 177, 231 Ellison, Lieutenant General Sir Gerald 87, Frontiersman, Legion of 107 91, 93, 95, 103, 178, 326 Elverston, Sir Harold 148, 327 Gallipoli. See Dardanelles Esher, Reginald Balliol Brett, 2nd Viscount garden suburb 267 6–7, 19, 22–5, 29–30, 32, 34–46, 48, Garnet, Sir William 215 53, 56, 58–61, 63, 66 68–77, Garstin, Sir William Edwin 4–5, 328 80–4, 86–90, 93–4, 98, 102–4, Garvin, Gerard 236 108–09, 117–18, 120, 125, 128, James Louis ‘Garve’, ‘Jim’ 37, 42, 84, 89, 136, 138–9, 159, 162, 164, 166, 107, 113, 125–6, 236, 275–81, 189–90, 199, 201, 207, 224, 244, 312, 328 247, 252, 256, 259, 297, 313, 327 Geddes, Sir Auckland Campbell 215, Eton College 1, 36, 39–40 246–8, 252, 272, 328 Evening News, 115 Sir Eric Campbell 214–15, 328 Evening Standard 110 General Elections (1900, 1905–6, 1910, Ewart, General Sir John Spencer 61, 63, 78, 1919) 43, 51–2, 56–7, 94, 141, 128, 147, 149, 151, 327 295–6 General Staff 4, 38, 41, 46–50, 53, 63–6, 79, Falkenhayn, Lieutenant General Erich 114, 117, 120, 128, 131, 138–9, 150, von 327 160, 162, 194, 212, 233–4, 236, 239, General Headquarters 1914–16 (1919) 303 241, 243, 247, 252, Fallacies and Facts (1910) 109 254–5, 257, 313 Falls, Cyril 9 George V 79, 138, 179, 188, 203, 205, 216, Fashoda Crisis (1898) 3 218–20, 252, 266 Fay, Sir Samuel 215 George, David Lloyd, cr. Earl of Dwyfor 10, Ferguson, Major General Sir Charles 19, 97–9, 107–8, 148, 150–1, 180, 145, 147 184–7, 189, 191, 193, 197–9, 209, Festubert, Battle of (May 1915) 204 211–12, 214–25, 227–36, 238, Fisher,Adm.SirJohn‘Jacky’ Arbuthnot 240–5, 247, 250–9, 262, 264–73, 21–2, 41, 44, 53–4, 58–9, 73, 278–9, 287–8, 295, 297, 300–1, 304, 77–82, 89, 94, 125, 157, 187–8, 327 315, 328

Index 389

Georgina, Countess of Guilford 5 161, 164, 176, 178, 187, 192, 202, Gibbs, Sir Philip Armand Hamilton 203, 213, 253, 260–1, 281, 303, 305, 330 318, 328 Lady Jean, née Muir 260–2, 270, 281, Gladstone, William Ewart 55 303, 305, 330 Gleichen, Major General Count Albert Hampstead & Highgate Express 196 Edward Wilfred 55, 145, 152, 328 Hankey, Colonel Sir Maurice Pascal Alers Gollin, Professor Alfred M 278–9 121, 123, 244, 258, 330 Gough, Lieutenant Gene Sir Hubert de la Harcourt, Lewis ‘Loulou’ Vernon, Viscount Poer, ‘Goughie’ 145, 147, 150–1, 149, 330 162, 206, 232, 267–9, 329 Hardinge, Sir Charles 209, 330 Gourand, General Henri Joseph Harmsworth. See Northcliffe Eugèné 199 Sir Robert Leicester 234, 330 Great Reform Act (1832) 17 Harris, Percy 261 Greenslet, Ferris 308 Harrison, Austin Frederic 330 Grenfell, General Sir Francis 3, 71 Henderson, Lieutenant General Sir David Greville, The Hon. Margaret Helen 297, 331 285, 329 Hewart, Sir Gordon 259, 262, 331 Grey, Sir Edward, cr. Viscount 53, 55, 57, Hindenburg, Field Marshal Paul von 59–61, 82–3, 89, 112, 133, 148, 329 Beckendorff 228–9, 331 Grierson, Lieutenant General Sir James Hirst, Francis Wrigley 60, 331 Moncreiff 53, 56–7, 59–62, Huddleston, F. J. 128 161–2, 329 Huguet, General Victor Jacques-Marie 53, Grigg, Edward William Mackay 113, 329 55–61, 82, 331 Grigsby, Emilie(Emily) 329 Hutchinson, Lieutenant General Henry Guards, the Brigade of 99–100, 102 Doveton, ‘Old Hutch’ 48, 331 Guest, Captain Frederick E. 178, 183, 185 Hutton, Lieutenant General Sir Edward gun running 155 Thomas Henry, ‘Curly’ 64, 88, Gwynne, Howell Arthur ‘Taffy’ 101, 151, 102, 331 192, 228, 250–3, 255–6, 258–62, 266–7, 270, 279–80, 286–9, 296, Imperial Defence Association 19 299, 304, 329 India, Mutiny (1857) 26 defence of frontiers 26, 31, 34, Hadden, Major General Charles 71–2 44, 51, 72 Haig, Field Marshal Sir Douglas, cr. Earl Inspector General 38, 42, 66–8, 208 10, 63, 72, 91, 93, 103, 108, 161–2, Intelligence Department 3, 23, 48, 56, 182, 199–200, 202–8, 212, 221–8, 175 231, 234–5, 239–42, 244–5, 247, Invasion 44, 56, 73–87, 105, 116, 118, 251, 253–6, 265, 267, 269, 280, 120–3, 131, 176, 207 283, 289, 316, 329 Defence Committee Inquiries & Reports Haldane, Elizabeth Sanderson ‘Bay’ 97, 1903–544–5, 70, 73, 76–7 104, 330 1907 76–9, 105, 117, 119–20 General Sir James Aylmer Lowthrop 1913–14 117–20, 122–4 128, 330 French plans by Troisième Bureau to Mary Elizabeth, née Burdon Sanderson invade England 57 89, 330 Home Rule 141–3, 147, 152–3, 155 Richard Burdon, cr. Viscount 6, 19, 43, 45, Ireland 1–2, 87, 118, 124, 141, 155–6, 57, 59–67, 71, 75, 81, 87–105, 107–9, 163, 166, 228, 233 113, 117, 120, 128, 130, 134, 136, Nationalists and Nationalist Volunteers 141, 149, 153, 160, 166, 168, 173, 141, 152, 155 177, 192, 214, 302, 313, 315, 330 Isolation (Splendid/Dangerous) 47, 51 Hale, Colonel Sir Lonsdale Augustus 24 Italian invasion of Tripoli (1912) 117 Haliburton, Arthur Lawrence, Lord 38–9 Hamilton, General Sir Ian Standish Jellicoe, Adm. Sir John Rushworth 122, Monteith 7, 31, 89, 109, 129, 133, 278, 331

390 Index

Joffre, General Césare ‘Papa’ 175, 198–9, London Gazette 4, 15 201–2, 211, 221, 241, 331 Long, Walter Hume 1st Viscount 178–9, Johannesburg Star 238 207, 333 Loos, Battle of (September 1915) 194, Keane,Doris 307 202–3, 205, 208, 225 Kelly-Kenny, General Sir Thomas 5, 42, Lovat, Major General Simon Joseph Fraser, 220, 332 14th Baron 77, 119, 333 Kiggell, Lieutenant General Sir Lancelot Low countries 55, 58, 133 Edward ‘Kigge’ 223–4, 289, 332 Lowther, James William 1st Viscount Kincaid-Smith, Captain Thomas Malcolm Ullswater (Mr Speaker) 148 Harvey 107, 332 Luvaas, Professor Jay 315 King, Lucas 188 Lyttelton, General Sir Neville Gerald, ‘NG’ King’s Regulations 143, 272 39–40, 48, 59, 63–4, 70, 80, 334 Kitchener, Field Marshal Sir Horatio Herbert, ‘K’/‘KofK’, cr. Earl 3, 19, Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Lord 17 26–35, 39–42, 63, 67–8, 92, 110, Macdonogh, Lieutenant General Sir 139, 169, 173, 175–81, George Mark Watson 175, 253, 184–6, 188–93, 199, 202, 207–14, 259, 334 226, 258, 304, 314, 332 MacDougall’s Committee (1872) 92 Armies 174, 185, 193, 221, 268 Mackenzie, F.E. 302 Knollys, Sir Francis, cr. Viscount 7, 32, 61, Magee, Colour Sergeant John 155 64, 332 Mahan, Rear-Adm. Alfred Thayer, USN Knox, Sir Ralph Henry 38 21, 74, 334 Manchester Guardian 193 Lambert, George, 1st Viscount 85, 332 Mangin, General Charles Marie Emmanuel Lambton, Major General William 285, 334 ‘Billy’ 179 Manpower (Manpower Board) 198, 231, Lansdowne, Henry Charles Keith Petty 234–5, 238–48, 250–2, 280, 289 Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of 53, 55, Marker, Colonel Raymond John 27, 30–1, 103, 332 34, 41, 52, 55, 57, 72, 75, 92, 95, László, Sir Philip de 332 100–1, 103, 107, 334 Law, Andrew Bonar 119, 142–3, 154, Markham, Sir Arthur 217–18 178–9, 184, 187, 189, 206, 210, Marlowe, Thomas 239, 250 261–2, 266, 270–1, 332 Massingham, Henry William 238, Lawrence, General Sir Herbert Alexander, 317, 334 ‘Lorenzo’ 289, 333 Masterman, C.F.G. 148 T.E. ‘Lawrence of Arabia’ 318 Maude, General Sir Frederick Stanley, Lawson, Major Algernon 68 ‘Systematic Joe’ 216 Laycock, Brigadier Joseph 268–9 Maurice, Major General Sir Frederick League of Nations 297, 301, 307 Burton 226, 240–1, 253, 255, 258, Lee, Arthur Hamilton, Viscount Lee of 263, 265, 269–72, 278, 334 Fareham 209, 214, 227 Debate in House, May 1918 258, 265, Lees-Milne, James 37 271–2 Le Figaro 60 Sir John Frederick 3, 334 Leipzig, Col. von 83, 165 Maxse, General Sir Frederick Ivor 99, Leslie, Sir John Randolph ‘Shane’ 8–9, 333 312, 335 Le Temps 175 Leopold, ‘Leo’, James 37, 45–6, 76, Lewis, Col. Herman Le Roy 231, 256, 83–4, 101, 109, 335 297, 333 May, Adm. Sir William Henry 75, 335 Liberal economic theory –‘Business as McCormick, the Very Reverend J.G. 9 usual’ 174 McKenna, Reginald 86, 97, 99, 153, 196, Liddell-Hart, Basil Henry 65, 312, 333 230, 269, 335 Londonderry, Theresa Susey Helen Mediterranean 138, 158, 209, 211 ‘Nellie’, Vane-Tempest-Stuart 6th Command 66–7. See also 349n18 Marchioness 150, 302, 333 Fleet 138

Index 391

Mesopotamian Campaign 209, 216, 219, German lack of respect for 133 243, 245. See also 366n11 Neuve Chapelle, battle of (April 1915) 181 Methuen, Field Marshal Lord Paul Newbolt, Sir Henry 96 Sandford 71, 104 New York World 287 Metternich, Count Paul von Wolff 129, 137 Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia 213 Midleton. See Brodrick Nicholson, Reginald 137 Milford Haven. See Battenberg Field Marshal Sir William Gustavus, ‘Old Militarism 101, 105 NicK’ 42, 62–4, 69–70, 72, 80, 123, Military Services Bill (1916) 185–96, 201 128, 160, 217, 336 Militia 20, 101–3 Nicolson, Harold George 300–1, 336 Duke of Rutland Regiment of 37 Nietzsche, Frederick Wilhelm 41 Milner, Alfred Viscount 106, 236–42, 1900 Club 296 249–50, 256, 269, 271–4, 278–9, Northcliffe, Alfred Charles William 281, 335 Harmsworth, 1st Viscount 17, Kindergarten 238, 267 83–4, 105, 109, 113, 115, 125–30, Minto, Gilbert John Murray Kynynmond 133–40, 143, 155, 167, 173, 181, Eliot, 4th Earl of 31, 33, 335 183, 185, 188–9, 193–4, 197, 203, Moltke, Helmuth von 63, 335 210, 226, 231, 233–6, Helmuth Johannes Ludwig von 315, 335 238–9, 244–5, 248–52, 275, 302, Monro, General Sir Charles Carmichael 305, 337 162, 192, 216 North Sea /German Ocean 138, Montague, Charles Edward 318, 336 158, 167 Disenchantment (1922) 318 Northern Ireland. See Ulster Morley, John Viscount 31–5, 63, 148, 336 Morning Post 32, 228, 246, 249–54, 257, Observer 37, 42, 84, 109, 113, 126, 236, 259–60, 263, 266, 268, 271–2, 274, 279 276–7, 279–80, 285–9, 295–7, 299, Official Histories 22, 24 301–2, 310, 312 Official Secrets Act(1911) 298–9, 378n14 1st Moroccan Crisis (1905) 51, 53, 73, 131 ‘Old Guard’ at PHS, aka ‘The Black Friars’, Mottistone. See Seely ‘Grey Beards’ 109, 126 Munitions, Ministry of 186, 209 oil 159 Murray. See Elibank Oliphant, Lieutenant General Sir Lawrence General Sir Archibald James, ‘Old James ‘Bully’ 70–1 Archie’ 63, 160, 162, 205–6, 212, Oliver, Frederick Scott 109, 281, 337 223, 265, 336 Ordeal by Battle (1915) Lieutenant General Sir James Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele 301, 337 Wolfe 40, 336 Ottley, Rear Adm. Sir Charles Langdale 54, 56, 337 Napoleon I 21, 57, 98, 129, 180, 229 Nation 238, 317 Pacifism 36, 43 National Defence Association (NDA) Paget, General Sir Arthur Henry Fitzroy, 76, 105 ‘AP’ 64, 145–6, 148, 150, 154, 162, National News 235–6, 266, 276–7, 287 206, 337 ‘Nation in arms’ 166, 314 Painlevé, Paul 241, 255, 337 National Review 19, 37, 76, 101, 109, 118 Pall Mall Gazette 109 National Service League (NSL) 105, 107, Palmer. See Selborne 109–11 Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Naval Intelligence 128, 158 Viscount 135 Manoeuvres 75, 86, 107, 114, 121–2, Panouse, Lieutenant Colnel Vicomte de la 147, 157 116, 201 Navy, Royal 58, 132 Parliament Act (1911) 141 Estimates 1909 105 Parnell forgeries, 1887 125 German 78, 81, 118, 158–9 Party truce, 1910 107–9 League 105 Paschendaele, 3rd Battle of Ypres 241, 243 Neutrality, Dutch 169 patriotism 109

392 Index

Pearson, Sir Cyril Arthur ‘Hustler’ Repington, Lieutenant Colonel Charles à 125–6, 337 Court Pembroke, Reginald Herbert, 15th Earl of Assessments by contemporaries: (Repington’s cousin) 1, 211 Cambon 269 Pershing, General John Joseph, ‘Black Jack’ French 162 241, 282–4, 301, 337 Hankey 136 Peshawar Field Force 1 Gwynne 303 Pétain, Marshal Henri Philippe Benoni Strachey 317 Omer Joseph 199, 241, 255, 286–7, Arnold Forster 21, 73 301, 338 Chirol 28–9 Philadelphia Ledger 252 Churchill 158, 313 Pioneer 32 Garvin xii, 275–8 Pitt, William ‘The Younger’ 58 Haig xi, 203–5, 235 Plumer, Field Marshal Sir Herbert Charles Clarke 30, 45 Onslow, ‘Plum’ 40, 62, 182, 206, Curzon 72 241, 338 Dawson 248, 311 Ponsonby, Arthur, 1st Baron 60, 338 Fisher 21, 73, 159 Press Association 163, 178, 241, 252, Lloyd George xii, 259, 272 273–4, 278 Esher 37 Bureau 168, 183, 258, 262, 268 Dilke 103 Exclusion of from committees 196–7 Ethel Smyth 256 Laws in wartime 168 H. Wilson 128 Patriotic 84 Law 261 German Nationalist 157, 163, 263 Leicester Harmsworth 234 Northcliffe 244–5, 250 Family members: US 252 (Children) Kitty (Mrs Blackburne), Popular 17, 52 Betty (Mrs Radcliffe), Laetitia Yellow 17, 85, 125 (Mrs Stapleton) 4, 309–10 Radical 52, 194 (Father) Henry Wyndham à Court 1 Unionist 83, 100–1, 113, 177 (Mistress/Common Law wife) Mary Primrose, Archibald Philip, 5th Earl of ‘Molly’ (Lady Garstin) 4–5, 7, 29, Rosebery 338 91, 260, 288, 298–9, 303, 305–6, Printing House Square (PHS) 75, 107, 109, 308–10 122, 125–6, 131–2, 139–40, 174, (Mother) Emily à Court, née Currie 234, 243, 245, 250–1, 254, 273, 1, 197 280, 305, 311 (Wife) Melloney Catherine à Court, propaganda, value of 133 née Scobell 4, 5 Pulteney, General Sir William, ‘Putty’ Spender 16–17, 85 224, 338 C.E. Montague 319 Punch 9 McCormick 9 Massingham xii, 312 railways, strategic value of 30 Seely 139 Rapallo Conference (November 1917) 243, Publications other than daily journalism: 256, 370n37 Military Italy (1884) 2 Rasputin, Gregory Eﬁmovich 261, 338 After the War: a Diary (1922) Rawlinson, General Sir Henry Seymour, 206–7 ‘Rawly’, ‘The Cad’ 68, 78, 162, 274, Handbook of the French Army (1891) 3 280, 338 Imperial Strategy (1906) 32 Reading, Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess Life and Death of Marie Stuart (play, of 286–7 1923) 308 Reconstruction Committee 36, 64 Policy and Arms (1924) 308 recruiting/recruitment 162, 164, 166 The First World War (1920) xi, 6–8, Redmond, John Edward 141, 143, 149, 338 174, 182, 184, 186, 209, 213, Regulars 20, 87, 99–101, 107–8, 118, 120, 230–1, 260, 262, 266, 297, 123–4, 163, 176 299–302, 307, 316

Index 393

Vestigia (1919) 7, 35, 95–6, 99, 128, Rothermere, Harold Harmsworth, 142, 296 Viscount 226 War in the Far East (1905) 20 Rothschild, Alfred de 82, 203, 339 Characteristics 1, 3–4, 7, 9, 10, 16, 23, Runciman, Sir Walter 196 28–9, 102, 116, 198, 305–7, 312 Russell, Colonel A.V.F. 134 Death and post-mortem reputation Russo-Japanese War (1904–5) 20–1, 23, 310–18 26, 51, 60 Decorations 4, 61 Dismissal from army 5–6 Salonika 193, 199, 209–10, 222, 227, 230, Financial problems 7, 27, 39, 95, 302 243, 245, 364n4 Health 1, 5, 297, 309–10 Sandars, John Sattersﬁeld, ‘Jack’ 84, Marriage and Liaisons 4–5 122, 340 Membership of Hampstead Tribunal Sarajevo assassination (June 1914) 196–8 156, 163 Military training and career 1–4 Sarrail, General Paul Maurice Emmanuel Observation post incident (May 1915) 227, 340 204–7 Sassoon, Sir Philip Albert Gustave Offered but rejects safe parliamentary David 340 constituency 258 Saunders, George 115–16, 131, 167, 340 Political prosecution under Section 18 of Schliefen Plan 315 DORA 260–4 Scobell, Major General Sir Henry James Postwar tours in America and Europe ‘Harry’ (Repington’s brother-in- 306–9 law) 69, 340 Scott, Sir Samuel Edward 77, 119, 340 For his career as military correspondent and Secret Service 132 the problems and the incidents, issues, Seely, Major General John Edward campaigns and people with which he was Bernard, ‘Galloping Jack’, cr. Baron particularly concerned before, during and – – – Mottistone 113, 116 17, 120 1, after the 1914 18 war see individual chapters 123, 134, 136, 139, 141, 145, 147– Ribblesdale, Thomas Henry, 4th Baron 50, 153–4, 160, 215, 340 299–300, 339 Sheldon, Brewster (‘Romance’ 1913) 307 Richardson, Lieutenant General Shell Crisis (1915) 173–90, 202 Sir George Lloyd Reily 144, 150, Simon, Sir John 195, 340 152, 155, 339 Sims, Vice Adm. William Sowden USN Riddell, Sir George Allardice, 1st Baron 284, 340 148, 178, 339 Slade, Adm. Sir Edmund John Warre Ridley, Lady Rosamund Cornelia Gwladys, 79–82, 341 née Guest 317, 339 Smith, Frederick Edwin ‘FE’, 1st Earl of Riﬂe Brigade 1, 6, 182 Birkenhead 184, 200, 218, 225, 341 Clubs 107 Sir Hubert Llewelyn 341 Roberts, Field Marshall Sir Frederick Smith-Dorrien, General Sir Horace Sleigh, ‘Bobs’, cr. Earl 5, 15–16, 19, Lockwood 31, 63, 67, 182, 206, 341 22, 27, 38, 77, 79–80, 82, 84–7, 94, Smuts, Jan Christian 238, 341 105–7, 109–10, 114, 116, 121, 176, Smyth, Dame Ethel 256 220, 339 Snowden, Philip 197 Robertson, Edmund, 1st Baron Lochie socialism 42–3, 96, 100 85, 339 Soldiers’ Strike (1919) 296 Field Marshal Sir William Robert, Somme, Battle of the (1 July–18 November) ‘Wully’ 62, 123–4, 129, 141, 201, 220–32, 234–5 162, 177, 196, 198, 201, 205–06, Spectator 19, 37, 109, 251 208, 212–16, 218, 221, 224–30, Spender John Alfred 16, 36–7, 75, 85, 341 232, 238–42, 245, 247, 251, 253–6, Splendid/dangerous isolation, doctrine 258, 262, 264–5, 267–8, 270, of 47 272, 278–9, 282, 285, 290, 295, Spring offensive by Germans (1918) 297–8, 339 265–8

394 Index

Staff College, Camberley 2, 3, 68, 129 Tweedmouth, Edward Majoribanks, 2nd Staff Officers’ Conference (1914) 162 Baron 79–80, 82–5, 342 Stamfordham, 1st Baron 68, 121, 188, Tweedsmuir. See Buchan 205, 252 Tyrrell, Sir William George 301, 342 Standard, 101, 125 Stanley, Venetia 149, 155 Ulster 118, 142–5, 147–8, 150–5, 158, Star 253 163, 178 Stead, William Thomas 37, 341 Covenant 142 Steed, Henry Wickham 112–13, 167, 237, Day 142 302, 311, 341 Unionist Council 144, 152–3 ‘Stomach taxes’ 113 Volunteer Force (U.V.F) 144–5, 147, Strachey, Gyles Lytton 196, 341 149–50, 152–3, 155 James 196 Universal military training 107, 111 John St Loe 37, 109, 251, 317, 342 Stratford-upon-Avon (1909 by-election) Versailles Peace Conference 296, 300–1 107–8 Settlement (1919) 301–2, 377n5 Sturdee, Adm. Sir Frederick Charles Viceroy’s Council 27, 30, 41 Doveton 78, 342 Victoria RI 73, 82 Submarines including German ‘U’ Boats Volunteers and Volunteer lobby 101–2, 124, 158–9 109–10, 114, 168, 174 Supreme War Council (SWC) 240–3, 252, Voluntarism 91, 105, 194 254–7, 259, 265 Symms, General Sir William Penn 15 Wagstaff, Brigadier General Cyril Moseley 282, 284–5, 342 Talleyrand-Périgord, Prince Charles Walter, Arthur Fraser 125–6, 342 Maurice de 301, 342 Godfrey 302 Tardieu, André 115–16, 300, 342 John 110, 302 Tariff Reform 107, 113 War Cabinet 208, 210, 228, 230, 238–9, Territorial and Reserve Forces Bill 102–4 245–6, 248, 250, 253–4, 259–60, Territorials 80, 86, 101, 104–5, 107–11, 265–6, 268, 272, 286–7, 289 114–17, 120–4, 141, 162, 176, 193, Correspondents 181, 203–5, 224 268, 315, 355n51, 379n6 Office 6, 18, 20, 25, 37–9, 43–4, 47, 60, The Hague 4 63, 66–8, 72–4, 78, 89, 93–4, 96, 98, Peace Conferences: 101, 110, 113, 118, 120, 128–9, (1899) 3, 73, 306 136–7, 146, 148, 150, 155–7, 160, (1907) 137 164, 178, 180–1, 183–4, 196, 203, Thomas, William Beach 204–5, 342 208–12, 214, 218–19, 225, 227, Thursfield, Sir James Richard 76, 83, 123, 245, 248, 131–2, 342 250–1, 256, 258, 271, 278 Times, The xi, 5, 7–8, 15–17, 20, 24, 32–4, Finance Department 38–9, 209 37–8, 42, 44–5, 50, 53, 67, 76–8, Reconstitution Committee (The 82–9, 97–9, 107–9, 112–34, 137–9, Triumvirate) 22, 37–9, 43 143, 152, 155, 157, 161, 165–9, Repington’s room 134–5 173, 176–80, 184–5, 187, 192, Weekly summary of statistics 271 203–4, 219, 223, 230, 232–53, 261, Washington Naval Conference (1921) 273, 275–7, 280, 291, 301–2, 305, 306, 309 310–11, 313, 315 Watt, Lieutenant Colonel Fitzgerald 179 History of 175, 311 Wells, Herbert George 21–6, 343 History of the War in South Africa Westminster Gazette 7, 16–17, 19, 27, 15, 18 32, 36 Literary Supplement 32 White, Arnold 159 Treasury 96, 136, 174, 208 General Sir George 15–16, 343 Tribunals 194, 196–8, 233 Wigram, Sir Clive 179 Hampstead 196–8 Wilkinson, Herbert Spenser 47, 249, 343 Triple Entente 137 The Brain of an Army (1890)

Index 395

William II, the Kaiser 31, 51, 54–5, 60–1, Wireless telegraphy 84, 132, 158 82–4, 86, 129, 133–4, 165, 295, 315 Wolseley, Field Marshal Sir Garnet Joseph The Crown Prince, ‘Little Willie’ 295 148, 344 Williams, Valentine 181 Wood, Field Marshal Sir Henry Wilson, Adm. Sir Arthur Knyvet, ‘’ard ’eart’ Evelyn 344 157, 343 World 108–9 Arthur Stanley 184 Wortley, Major General Edward Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes xi, 5–6, James Montague-Stuart 8, 10, 37, 42, 61, 68, 110, 114, 219, 344 119–20, 124, 128–9, 138, 143–4, 160, 162, 223, 227–8, 240, 242, Yeomanry 20, 102, 162 248, 251, 257, 265, 270, 276, 278, Yermoloff, Colonel 165–6 281, 297, 309, 343 Ypres, 3rd Battle of. See Paschendaele President Thomas Woodrow 283, 290–1, 300–1, 343 Zeppelin 186