Vol. 14. No. 73

50 cents CANADA'S NEWSPAPER FOR UKRAINIAN STUDENTS

/ #435, 10766 — 97 St. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada U T5J 2P2 Ukrainian Students' Union formed Students In Poland unite The formation in May 1981 munities in Eastern Europe. ed to circulate in Soviet played an important role as After weeks of student unrest at of the Union of Ukrainian Official cultural and academic Ukraine. The Soviet bearers of national con- Lodz University and a threat of a Students in Poland (SUSP) was exchanges, together with bureaucracy naturally fears that sciousness within oppressed nation-wide student strike, the a historic event that marked the liberal travel restrictions, allow- the influence of events in national minorities. It remains Polish government signed a first public attempt by ed Polish-Ukrainians to visit Poland might its affect own to be seen whether the broader "freedom charter" for students Ukrainians in Eastern Europe to their co-nationals in Soviet citizens, and the case of Polish student movement will on 18 February 1981. This organize themselves in- Ukraine and Eastern Europe. Ukrainians is especially sen- also take up this issue. agreement gave students the dependently. Recent But since the rise of the sitive because of Ukraine's The creation of SUSP right to choose which foreign developments in Poland have Solidarity movement, the situa- strategic importance within the followed last February's student languages they studied, and had a significant impact on tion has changed. Exchanges Soviet bloc. protests, when students oc- gave universities the right to Ukrainians, and the emergence with Soviet Ukraine have been The fact that students have cupied university buildings in decide what social science of the Ukrainian student union halted, and travel possibilities raised the issue of national more than a dozen major cities courses would be offered in the is one indication of the new curtailed. USKT's newspaper, minority rights is hardly sur- throughout Poland, demanding curriculum. That same month, spirit of confidence emerging in Nashe Slovo is no longer allow- prising, as students have always various educational reforms. the Lithuanian students union the community there. was formed, and in May, the The 500,000 Ukrainians in Ukrainian and Byelorussian Poland constitute the largest students followed their lead by national minority of the coun- forming unions of their own. try. Since the Second World But all three unions were refus- War they have been subjected ed the right to register as legal to an intense policy of assimila- student organizations. The tion; the Polish government SUSP Declaration statement reproduced below is even refused to recognize the SUSP's first public statement, existence of Ukrainians until and was issued on the same day the advent of liberalization of The Organizing Committee of the Society of truth: that as representatives of a national that SUSP applied to the the mid-fifties. Following the Ukrainian Students in Poland (SUSP) was minority we make use of two languages, two Ministry of Higher Education creation of the Ukrainian founded in Szczecin on 1 May 1981. It is cultures, which overlap and fuse within us into for official status. Towards the Social-Cultural Association an composed of your colleagues, representatives of integral whole, determining our spiritual forma end of July 1981, a coordinating (USKT) in 1956, which isdirect- student youth in Szczecin, Slupsk, Koszalin, tion. We believe that acquainting society with the commission consisting of ly subordinated to the Polish Gdansk, Olsztyn, Warsaw, Lodz, Wroclaw and achievements, past and present, of our nation will Ukrainian, Lithuanian and Communist Party and govern- Zielona Gora. give us a chance to show ourselves as we really Byelorussian student represen- ment, Ukrainians won some We undertook the creation of SUSP becuase are. Acquainting wider circles of society with the tatives, was created for the partial concessions in the area of our desire to take an active part in the social life heritage of national cultures — this we take to be purpose of obtaining legal of culture and education. of the cultural and scholarly student milieu and of the basic criterion of our activity. status for all three bodies. The Nevertheless, they remain to Ukrainian society in Poland. Our goal is to be an While remaining independent partners and Polish government responded this day a repressed national organization uniting, in the first place, Ukrainian holding to the principle of respect by prohibiting minority. for Solidarity from students who are citizens of Poland. The organizational sovereignty, we wish to establish printing an announcement The Ukrainian student organization will also be open to all who accept close collaboration with all student and youth about the Commission's crea- movement in Poland today is our ideals and purpose, regardless of personal organizations. For this reason we are interested tion in its August bulletin. comprised of a generation of convictions, language or national identity. in establishing contact with At last nationally-conscious, educated representatives of September- The primary strength of our organization will the youth of other national minorities living in October's Sol idarity Congress a youth who, for the most part, be intellectual and moral. We hope, by our Poland. The ideals of friendship and peace, resolution was passed in sup- grew-up isolated in villages consistent activity, to strengthen the creative role which are close to the hearts of the port of national minority scattered throughout Poland. entire rights, of the young intelligentsia in the consciousness younger generation, should indicating These students' parents were unite us. that pro-Ukrainian of Ukrainian society. As representatives of Ukrainian student sympathies are no longer deported in 1947 from the Our need for active and organized work youth, we will strive to establish all-sided restricted to sectors of the Lemko region in southeast arose above all from the fact that hitherto in the cooperation with all milieus of Ukrainian society Polish intellectual opposition, Poland — where nationalist society in which we live it has not been possible and especially with its only which, Ukrainian guerillas once based to representative until recently were eliminate mutual prejudice and moral- organization now in existence: the Ukrainian almost solely responsible for 'their activities — to the psychological barriers. The mistakes of the past Social- Cultural Association ( rains sensitizing Polish society to the northwestern territories of the Uk 'ke do not weigh so heavily on the youth of both suspH'no-kuI'turne question of national minority country (Gdansk, Szczecin, tovarystvo — USKT). sides; we will try to take advantage of this to We believe that the youth organized in the rights. Koszalin and Olsztynj. Most of initiate a sincere dialogue, as between partners. Society of Ukrainian Students in Poland, basing All of these developments the Ukrainian student popula- We are of the opinion that a complete rapproch- themselves on a tradition of progressive activity, pose a direct challenge to tion is now concentrated at ment is impossible without a profound, objective will lay strong foundatinos for a constructive Ukrainian student activists in universities and colleges in and substantive confrontation of the facts of Canada, who have a large urban centres. our dialogue. wealth of nations common past, however sensitive organizational experience Historically, Ukrainians and they in often tragic these facts can Poland have may be. We are fully Fellow students, if the ideals of our organiza- share with their counter- provided a crucial aware that to keep silent about these historical tion are close to your own convictions, join parts in Poland. Whether SUSK link between Ukrainians in then the events is emigration dangerous and has negative effects ori our ranks. We await your active participation. is actually capable to aiding and Ukrainians in the younger generation of Ukrainians. We see our their new sister organization in Soviet Ukraine. Prior to the activity as providing a chance inhibit Poland, however, remains strikes of August 1980, to and Organizing Committee of the Society of to be eliminate the most threatening of these feelings Ukrainian in seen. Possibilities certainly ex- Ukrainians in Poland were Students Poland. of inferiority and social and cultural depreciation. ist for such support activities as perhaps one of the best in- We wish to make all aware of a most obvious fund-raising and student formed and least isolated com- Warsaw, 27 May 1981. ex- changes. Polish Ukrainians await sponsorship Refugee status denied students Due to the tense political Current figures reveal that .The department instead views more arriving at an accelerated also asked that individuals, climate in Poland a con- the total number of refugees them as "self-exiled" persons. pace, the movement of the organizations, university siderable number of the coun- may be much higher than first Refugees who arrive in Canada relatively small number of groups well the Ukrainian try's Ukrainian minority, as as in- anticipated. Estimates made by receive a considerable cluding an amount Ukrainians could fare poorly. students' movement in Canada estimated 54 the Canadian Ukrainian Im- of government Polish- settlement They also say that it is essential support the plight of the Polish- Ukrainian students, migrant Aid Society in Toronto assistance, including paid to expedite the removal to the Ukrainian students now in have been leaving for indicate that the number be may language classes, whereas self- United States or Canada of western Europe. destinations in western Europe as high as 300, however infor- exiles are not entitled to any Austria, West those refugees presently in Germany, France mation is often sporadic and such benefits. Also, self-exiles Austria so as to facilitate move- and Italy are presently har- complicated due to the fact that seeking settlement in Canada ment of those that bouring many of these may still For further information in- many refugees indicate only are generally required to have come. dividuals who await immigra- contact; that they are Polish for fear of suitable sponsors, this being a Sponsoring respon- tion officials from Canada and complications with immigration Canadian Ukrainian Im- requisite for acceptance. sibilities include: (a) making the United States to resolve the officials. migrant These definitional adequate arrangements in the critical refugee problem. Many One of the underlying Aid Society obstacles have sparked a public community; (b) having of the forty Polish-Ukrainian problems from suf- Suite 209, 2323 Bloor St. a Canadian appeal by the Canadian Ukrai- ficient financial resources and students who left a bus tour, in perspective, is that the West immigra- nian Immigrant Aid Society for expertise to provide Vienna in August and lodging, Toronto, Ontario, Canada an" ad- tion department does not the sponsbrship of the Polish- ditional fourteen care, maintenance and other M6S 4W1 students recognize these people as Ukrainians. The society states known to necessary assistance; (c) to be 767-4595 have fled to Munich legitimate "refugees" as in (416) ac- that urgent action is needed: legally responsible for one year ,are looking overseas for cordance with the United iwitli 12,000' East European for the refugees. assistance and sponsorship. Nations Convention definition. refugees already in Austria and The Immigrant Aid Society Inside: Veryovka, Soviet Film and Zajcew 's Ret Sends Ya. , -

The Soviet monolith is beginning to crack and show All signed letters of reasonable length which comply with Canadian libel and every measurement signs that it might be falling apart. By Slander laws will be printed unedited (save for purposes of clarity) in this column. We social, that can be applied to gauge the health of a society — will not print anonymous letters, but if for personal reasons contributors wish to Union is sick political, spiritual and economic — the Soviet withhold their names or use a pseudonym, this can be arranged. In all cases, however, ill wide array of chronic and and possibly terminally with a we require both a genuine signature and a return address. malignant diseases. With each passing day the Soviet economy plunges deeper into a crisis that the aging leadership seems incapable Czech Mate however, that the U of T of resolving. Not only are luxury' items impossible to obtain, 1955 and 1958. Indeed. Miklos us, has, in past, carried a but there are increasingly frequent shortages of essential Peter Melnychuk's Jancso's Cantata and The Club the share of the foodstuffs and basic consumer goods. Queues are growing otherwise good article on the Round-Up, as well as Zoltan disproportionate financial material support longer, black market profiteering has reached epidemic Czech cinema contains at least Fabry's Twenty Hours, were and in this compared to other proportions, and discontent is spreading among frustrated one gross inaccuracy which films of the second "NewWave" regard across citizens who have to devote an ever-larger part of each day to should be pointed out. The made during the sixties before SUSK-member clubs the the problem of survival. suggestion that cinema in 1966. Perhaps the simplest Canada. Although traditional argument has been Worse still, there is no relief in sight for the beleaguered eastern Europe blossomed only thing would be to recommend Soviet masses. Last year's meager harvest has been followed in Poland and Czechoslovakia two books to English readers: that some of the other clubs are by an even more pathetic crop, unleashing the spectre of before the mid-sixties, more Istvan Nemskurty's Word and neither unablenor unwilling to of hunger- in a land that once was the breadbasket of Europe. specifically, that "only in the Image, History of the Hungarian undertake this type Exacerbating the problem is the fact that virtually nothing has last fifteen years has cinema Cinema (1974). and the British- endeavour, we feel that there is been done to improve the inadequate and wasteful distribu- begun to develop in Yugoslavia Canadian critic Graham Petrie's a way to cooperate for the tion system, not to mention the poor planning that has and Hungary" (Student, June volume on Hungarian cinema mutual benefit of all. long characterized central administration of the agricultural 1981, p.8), is evidence of a since 1945. History must We propose a "matching sector. serious lack of knowledge of the Answer to Man 1978). scheme" for our donation to In Soviet industry, productivity levels are dropping due development of Hungarian Student, which has a two-fold to mismanagement, poor morale, and the increasing inef- cinema at the least, and Oliver Botar, purpose: first, to provide ad- ficiency of antiquated machinery. Poor quality continues to probably that of Yugoslavia as Toronto ditional funds for clubs across be the hallmark of most items of Soviet manufacture, fueling well. In fact, Hungarian cinema Canada into a national drive to public demand for prohibitively more expensive and usually was born soon after the show- Money Talks raise advertising revenues, sub- illegally obtained goods from the West. Rampant ing of films by the Lumiere scriptions and article con- absenteeism, alcoholism, sabotage and theft further under- brothers began in Budapest in tributions to the paper in order Dear members of the Student mine every effort of the Soviet bureaucracy to improve 1896. By the teens of this to broaden its appeal. This collective: standards and levels of production. century, important films were would involve the commitment I would like to say, first off, The rising crime rate is yet another indication of the being made by people such as of all the clubs and I pledge the that it a pleasure to have growing despair of the Soviet citizenry. Vandalism, Mihaly Kertesz and Sandor was full support of the U of T USC, hooliganism, rape and murder are on the increase although Korda (later known as Michael met several of you at the SUSK should Student decide to un- Congress. I believe many official statistics may deny that the Soviet Union is becoming Curtis and Sir Alexander Korda dertake such an endeavour. I questions were resolved cpn- "Americanized" — i.e., brutalized — in terms of quality of life. respectively), and intellectual would ask that this suggestion Moreover, the increasing cynicism of the Soviet populace has film criticism was pioneered by cerning relations between STU- be given serious consideration. produced a climate most conducive to the speed of Bela Balazs.Mn 1919, for exam- DENT and various clubs. I am The matching scheme to a of closer corruption, which until now has been concentrated in the ple, during the Republic of look forward year would work in the following administrative and Communist Party structures. councils, about 30 feature films (and more harmonious) manner: out of a $750 donation, relations not just between our Furthermore, the mounting cost of the Afghanistan war were made. Although commer- $300 is to be paid now and $450 club and Student but — in terms of both human lives and roubles — has sent a cial film production ceased own will be forwarded when Student 41 current of unease through the Soviet working class, which during the twenties, important between Student and all USC receives a total of $450 in clubs in general. ultimately foots the bill for such foreign policy adventures. avantgarde films and film- donations (i.e. outside of As this letter is intended to There is a growing awareness among Soviet youth that the scripts were done by Laszlo regular subscription payments, reiterate and clarify our posi- Red Army is losing its fight with the Afghani people in much Moholy-Naqy and Gyorgy etc.) from other clubs in tion regarding an important the same way that America lost in Vietnam. This realization, Gero, and film aesthetics and Canada. In effect, we are issu- aspect of this relationship, I coupled with the infectious spread of reformist ideas from criticism was written extensive- ing a challenge to the other would just like to outline the Poland — contamination which the regime seems to be ly by Ivan Hevesy. The talkies USC clubs as a whole to match incapable of containing — could potentially lead to the kind revived the industry after 1931 resolution which the University our $450 donation. The of Toronto of situation that the Bolsheviks themselves so effectively and' no fewer than 132 feature USC passed last challenge takes effect as of March regarding a donation to capitalized on in 1917. films were made during the 30's. September 1, 1981 and would volatile factors might well combine to Student All of these very as well as several hundred more expire at the end of January end As of produce a major explosion in Soviet society that could during the war. 223 were made one the largest clubs 1982. the stagnation that has characterized the last fifty years of in the post-war period to in Canada, we feel a special 1966, I would like to emphasize, rule. obligation insupportingSfucfenf Communist Party Such an explosion would, of course, including important films such that this proposal is intended to incredible and in encouraging otherclubs open up opportunities for Ukrainians and other as Merry-G-Round and A Sun- be regarded in a postive light. It oppressed peoples within the old Russian empire. But is the day Romance produced during to contribute to its financial and Ukrainian nation ready to act on the possibilities that may the first "New Wave" between material well-being. It seems to (continued on page 11) soon present themselves in that part of the world? Only' history will tell. One thing that can be said, however, is that the Ukrainian community in the West — which could play an important They'll send you News from Ukraine free and it if not decisive role in terms of new developments in Ukraine doesn't reek of — is totally unprepared to take advantage of a favourable bourgeois nationalism!. situation in Ukraine similar to the one in Poland today. Not only are we divided by destructive, petty rivalries and inhibited by outdated and often reactionary ideologies, we lack the sophistication necessary to be truly effective in the international arena. Time is rapidly running out, yet our hromada continues SUBSCRIBE! to stand still. Unfortunately, history does not wait for those — if you are a paid member ol any Ukrainian Students' Club who are not prepared to meet their date with destiny. 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ADDRESS . STUDENT is a national monthly newspaper for Ukrainian-Canadian students, published by SUSK, the Ukrainian Canadian Students' Union CITY

Staff: Jars Balan, Lou Bommer, Mark Ferbey. Dmytro Jacuta, Dave Lupul. Peter Melnychuk. Pointdexter. Peler Sochan. George Samoil. Teresa Szlamp, Paul Telerenko, Paulo Virsky. POSTAL COO E .

Page 2: STUDENT, October 1981 "

George Melnyk talks about ethnicity George The Indian as Ethnic A former president of the Metis Association of Jumper) status to that of workers. In those areas of the primacy of Anglo institutions, what is even worse is that Alberta was once quoted as saying that he wanted to West untouched by the boom their marginal roles ethnic status offers native people a position which is have the Metis regarded the way Ukrainian immigrants continued. This entrance into the working class not central to the Canadian identity. This is simply not a were — hardworking and constructive — and he brought native people into the world of the non-English worthy objective for a people who have paid such a suggested that Metis people follow the ethnic road to speaking immigrant, the world of the ethnic worker. In terrible price for white domination. There has to be social acceptance. Obviously, he felt there was a basis this new situation the distance between the Indian and more. 9 for identification between the two groups as well as a the ethnic was shortened and the Indian/ethnic The native peoples are the ofher half of Western gap. What he liked about the ethnic situation was its equation seemed plausible. history. They are not a numerical halt, but a psy- proven record of social mobility. Here was a group of This change in class status has important im- chological and metaphysical one. Without their par- Western Canadians that began as an impoverished and plications for the native identity. The narrowing gap ticipation the Western identity is incomplete. As dispossessed group which ended up relatively es- between the occupations traditionally associated with ethnics, Indians become statistical dots in the blueprint tablished. ethnic immigrants and those traditionally associated of liberal society. Accepting their role as an ethnocen- But the Metis people remain trapped by unemploy- with native people will result in greater compatibility tric minority, they surrender the right to be a founding ment, lack of education and modern skills; they live in and respect. When the ethnic is joined by the Indian, people, a right they possess'because of their origin. The isolated rural areas and equally isolated urban slums; they share values. Historically, the immigrant formed native people demand equality, but ethnicity cannot often dependent on welfare, their life is one of class and the base of the white social pyramid. The ethnic plowed offer them equality. It can only offer them a peripheral racial oppression.' The Ukrainians may have started the fields, built the railroads and sweated in the status as Indians and a minor identity. Ethnicity is a out as poor pioneer farmers and unskilled labourers factories. From this working class position he could reflection of limited power. To follow the ethnic path alienated from the dominant society by language and look down on the native people and look up to the ruling means to accept once again the terms dictated by the 2 discrimination, but they progressed. It is that Anglo elite. The entrance of native people into the dominant society and to enter it as imitators of other "progtess" that seems so appealing. working class is to be welcomed, but the implications of minorities. Ever since the defeat of the Riel Resistance the ethnic status that goes with it are very serious. Thinking of native people as the other half of the native people have been trapped at the bottom of West's identity seems strange to those who only think in Western society. The ethnic way was to be the way out. terms of voting and numbers. But to think of them as It was the model of success meant to replace a history fifty percent of the regional reality is to acknowledge of failure. Initially, the comparison between native and their fundamental role and relationship. It is a direct ethnic makes sense when one is aware of their limit on the dominant role of Anglo institutions and historical affinity as outcast minorities. But why did customs. Ethnicity means that the native pers n must do their histories diverge? Why did one fail and the other all the adapting to the dominant society. He is not met succeed? The answer lies in the ethnic's immigrant halfway. What equality requires instead is equal status, the very thing that gave him some problems at adaptation from both sides. But such a demand is first was what assured his mobility. The white conquest intolerable to this society. It asks too much. It was an immigrant conquest and the ethnic was part of undermines the meaning of the conquest it, while the Indian was its victim. The ethnic was Ethnicity does not challenge the system. It bolsters offered a piece of the promised land taken from those it. It does not reject; it accepts. It does not raise the who resisted. The ethnic was part of the white flood, but fundamental question of whom does the land belong to, the native stood in its way. The ethnic was part of the the question the native people have raised because of success, while the native was part of the failure. He was their aboriginal rights. Ethnics consider the issue the loser in the battle and he carried that scar. Not being closed. But for the native people the issue of whose white, he could not blend into the white mosaic. Forthe land this is is the essence of equality. It was this land ethnic to identify with the victor is understandable; but that gave the native people their dignity. Their control 3 for the native to do likewise seems a travesty. of it and their possession gave them equal status with The native leader who suggests the ethnic model the white man who sought to take it away. Of course no sees not only success, but also reasonableness. From one can turn history back. The native people cannot But his point of view, it is foolhardy to dream of native possess the land in the same way they once did fully than they dominance when all that is possible is the recognition they can certainly possess it more that of aboriginal rights, protection of minority culture, and presently do. By building a new society in the West region's assimilation that would result in a social and economic reflects their identity, a society for all the their profile resembling the rest of Canadian society. The inhabitants. the native people canhold the land as they are a ethnic evolved gradually, step by step, so isn't this the own. The creation of such a society in which valuesareaguide right approach for native people as well? founding people and their traditional institutions seem utterly The first objection to this position is the question of for all its citizens and may perpetuation ot why this assimilation and mobility haven't already Utopian. However the alternative is the with its history of social and economic happened? Is our society so different today from what it this society was that one can consider success reasonable? There injustice. are few indicators that suggest things have changed Native leaders have chosen to imitate the ethnic society. Like the substantially In a mid-seventies study of Westerner's route rather than work for a new minority status in this attitudes toward native people, the researchers dis- ethnic, they prefer a comfortable building an alternative To the covered a strong surrent of pejorative stereotyping of society to the risks of 4 native who follows this ethnic path, I can only native people. They concluded that "if Indians achieve person a history that is not good enough for me as an a new economic accomodation with white society and say that it its can not be a sufficient future for an Indian. There improve their level of economic development and their Ethnic status for Indian identity robs of ethnic the to a better way. physical standard of living, the perceptions and potential for social change. Why? Because essence has be evaluations which some non-Indians hold of them may of ethnicity is a trade-off between acceptance into the s society the closeting of one's past. In change in a "positive" direction. This is what dominant and "Revised version of an article entitled "What's This social must privatize happened to ethnics in their historical development. order to acquire mobility one About Ethnic Native People" Edmonton Journal, May

identity . The less one is willing to do so. the But who can be certain that the structural obstacles of one's ethnic 17. 1975 In joining the class and race that have historically stood in the way of more one is trapped in an ethnic ghetto. 1 Half-Breed (Toronto; "foreigness" is See Maria Campbell. native advancement are now gone. ethnic mosaic, the Indian is saying his McClelland and Stewart, 19 ) and Howard Adams, We cannot answer the question of whether the compatible with Anglo domination. His past is de- Indian Prison of Grass (Toronto: New Press, 1975) for ethnic way would work for native people until we have radicalized and its militancy eroded. When an most personal accounts of Metis life in Western Canada answered several other questions. For example, why becomes an ethnic he accepts the fate of apprenticeship in the did this proposal appear at this time? What are the immigrants, which is a long 3 For a poignant account of ethnic social history see working class and tacit agreement that her culture socio-economic forces that make it seem logical? What a Myrna Kostash. All ot Baba's Children (Edmonton: mainstream. are the implications of ethnicity for the native identity? must remain outside the Hurtig. 1977). As an ethnic the Indian accepts immigrant status, In what ways does it further or retard that identity? Is difference and identification with J An important study ot the psychology of colonialism the ethnic way a worthwhile objective for the native which implies both In ethnicity difference is muted and racism is Frantz Fanon, Black Skin. While Masks people? And finally, are there any alternatives to this the dominant society. its to push for social transformation is (New York: Grove Press. 1967). proposal? Is there another path that could work and so that power the group further native deflected away from society as a whole to that is possible, which would both the 1 "Prairie of social accep- Roger Gibbins and J. Rick Ponting. objective for native itself. Since ethnicity is an ideology identity and be a worthwhile Orientations towards Indians," in Ian Getty tance and passivity, the native heritage of oppression is Canadians' people? Donald B. Smith (eds.), One Century Later: made irrelevant. Ethnocentric native issues become and There are two reasons why the "Indian as ethnic" Reserve Indians Since Treaty 7 paramount and are dealt with piecemeal and gradually. Western Canadian concept appeared in the 1970s. The first is the rise of Columbia Press, speaking about the need for a (Vancouver: University ot British native militancy in the sixties which produced a cultural The native people stop accept improvements in 1978). p. 85. emphasizing native pride in language, general transformation and renaissance has 6 their own conditions alone. Certainly ethnic status tribal customs and religion. This self-consciousness s Ibid., p. 88 element of gain, but the concomitant loss is any had to be accomodated. Since it wasn't part of the an ." of uniqueness for the native people and their 6 Harold Cardinal, The Unjust Society: The Anglo mainstream, it was placed in "multi-culturalism sense See place in Western history. They are smiply one of many Tragedy ot Canada's Indians (Edmontonj; Hurtig 1969) It became an ethnicity. The result was Cree language of multiculturalism. of sixties militancy and its sense of 1 rug the radio programs alongside the Polish and Norwegian; minorities swept under the (or a statement the historical defeat of the accomplishment in his subsequent The Rebirth ot community cable television programs; appearances at Ethnicity means that unalterable. The radically Indians (Hurtig. Edmonton. 1977).. "heritage days" and photographs on government native people is accepted as Canada's different vision of the indigenous peoples is lost in a sea calendars alongside the Dutch, the Ukrainians and the ' This letter to the editor in the Edmonton Journal experiences, all of which are cir- Japanese. With a foreign language and foreign of immigrant appeared in the mid-seventies. "Indians," the writer cumscribed by the institutions of the dominant society. costumes, the Indian fit beautifully into the song and stated, "have been trying for decades to join society but for the of social mobility and a dance world of ethnic Canada. The Indian had become In return promise ihe hurdles have been numerous and the results museum-like preservation of culture the native people the an immigrant. meagre ... The immigrant farmer was glad to have any attempt to make their heritage a part of The second reason forthis Indian/ethnic equation surrender Indians to clear their land with axes, pick the stones, to life; they surrender any leading role in social was the economic boom in the West and its effect on the everyday burn the brush, to build and mend fences, to stook transformation beyond their own concerns; and they threshing machines. class composition of native people . In the countryside grain, to pitch bundles into the social objectives other than assimilation for the past century they were trappers, seasonal farm- give up any Many a time his wages consisted of old clothes ora few Rather than change society, they " labourers and fishermen and unskilled day-labourers in and social mobility. surplus cabbages and potatoes 7 enter it. the city. The new militancy with its proliferation of seek only to argue that it Pelletier and Ted Poole. No Foreign Land: The government-funded organizations and the new wealth Those who suggest the ethnic way Wilfred assimilation North American Indian (New York: settlements created alone can save native culture and promote Biography of a from oil and gas royalties and land Indian What they don't seem to realize is Pantheon, 1973) is a moving statement of a tiny elite with white collar jobs. But there was also a into the mainstream. means disaster for native people, while distinctiveness. proletarianization. Whether it was a that ethnicity broader change— for for immigrants. It is tolerable 9 status once held by the mobile home factory on a reserve in southern Alberta, a remaining tolerable For a comparison between the their historical role in white conditions see native priority employment program on a northern them because it reflects native people and contemporary native people it means a denial of Dumont: The Metis Chiel energy project, pipeline construction, or a native- society. But for the George Woodcock, Gabriel indigenous people. Indian culture is Hurtig. 1975) and clothing factory in thecity, the urbanization, their identity as an and His Lost World (Edmonton: sponsored 6 put it in the same are for Indians industrialization and wealth of the New West was not an immigrant culture. To Heather Robertson, Reservations acknowledge the moving native people out of their predominantly category as foreign cultures is to (Toronto: Lorimer. 1970). STUDENT, October 1981, Page 3 Soviets Grow Polish-Soviet Solidarity with Their Owan Propaganda War the Lemkos SEEEEEEEE New publications

According to the Soviet it was inevitable that at one The Polish weekly Solidari- customer, when available) and The editors of the Ukrai- Ukrainian rural daily newspaper point in the current Polish ty carried a powerful article on half-rotten green apples. Ex- nian Soviet Encyclopedia SH's'ki visti (Village News, 12 revolution Solidarity would the Lemko question in Poland cept for sugar, nothing is ration- (URE) have just published a September 1981). this year the attempt to win support among ("Lemkowie," 14 August 1981, ed, thereby excacerbating dis- new encyclopedia devoted ex- Ukrainian SSR has set aside workers elsewhere in the Soviet p. 11). The Lemkos are a branch tribution problems. By not clusively to the city of Kiev. 30,700 hectares (or the cultiva- bloc. That moment came at the of the Ukrainians who lived in introducing rationing — the Kyiv, as the volume is known, tion of konopli, known in Solidarity congress in Gdansk the Bieszczady region of government avoids having to contains 2,500 entries in English under a variety of on 10 September, when an Poland until they were forcibly admit publicly that there is a alphabetical order. names, including hemp and "appeal to the nations of resettled to northern and food crisis. There is certainly no marijuana. The paper assures Eastern Europe" was issued. western Poland in 1947. The admission of one in the media, Molod publishers in Kiev its readers that "konopli The appeal called on the work- author of the article. Maciej except for constant calls for have just brought out a new

produces high (!) profits ... In a ing classes in neighboring Kozlowski, condemned the greater sacrifices, 'an- edition of Vasyl Symonenko's word, konopli is necessary." countries to form their own resettlement as brutal and nouncements of further delays poetry, entitled Lebedi The secret of the dazed, silly independent trade unions gratuitous and called for the full in the introduction of the five- materynstva (Swans of expression on Comrade modelled on Solidarity. The restitution of Lemko rights, day work week, and other Motherhood). Symonenko was Brezhnev's face has now been Soviet regime has felt com- including the right to return to austerity measures. one of the central figures of the revealed. pelled to respond to the appeal the Bieszczady mountains. The Measures for energy con- Ukrainian cultural renaissance with a series of mass meetings article says: "We should help servation in this, one of the most of the 1960s. He was 28 years at factories throughout the (the Lemkos). because true energy-rich countries of Eu- old when he died in 1963, and USSR. The secretaries of the solidarity manifests itself rope, have reached the absurd his cult grew rapidly among factory parts committees chair precisely in relations with those stage. Last winter, many Soviet Ukrainian youth in much the meetings, and "heroes of who are weaker, with others." villages had electric power for the same way as James Dean's labor" and World War II Kozlowski does not treat the only a few hours a day, forcing cult flourished among their veterans read prepared Lemko problem in the wider them to revert to kerosene American counterparts. In addi- speeches denouncing the context of the Ukrainian lamps and wood stoves (if, of tion to poetry, Symonenko "appeal" as a betrayal of national minority in Poland, and course wood and kerosene wrote a diary that was highly 4 socialism and meddling in the in fact, seems to view the were available). There are also critical of Soviet reality. The internal affairs of fraternal Lemkos as a separate nationali- daily power cuts in some cities. diary circulated in samvydav countries. The meetings end ty. There is almot no street lighting posthumously and was publish- with the unanimous approval of anywhere, and in combination ed in the West (Prolog: 1965) an open letter to Polish workers, with the "energy-saving" under the title Bereh chekan' reminding them, for instance, Romania leis shiftwork, the situation has (On the shores of expectation). Latvian Unrest that the Soviet state "has always become especially difficult for The publication of a volume of made great sacrifices to bring it on the lines working women. Hundreds of Symonenko's poetry can be peace and happiness to other thousands of them must go to seen as a further step in the According to a report that nations" (Afghanistan, one and from work in the dark, on Shcherbytsky regime's rap- originally appeared in The presumes, is a case in point) The economy of Romania unlit streets and paths. The prochment with the more Economist, discontent is on the and summoning them to shun has been in a crisis since last consequences of this can only nationally-minded elements of rise in the Soviet republic of Solidarity's leadership. A winter. According to several be guessed at in a country that the Soviet Ukrainian intelligent- Latvia, one of three indepen- number of these open letters independent accounts, people has traditionally had a high rate sia. dent Baltic states annexed by have been published in the were standing in line, often all of petty theft and rape. All this, the USSR after World War II. Soviet press, including one night long during the winter in combination with the in- Young Latvians are said to roam from the Arsenal factory in Kiev. months to obtain milk for their creasingly oppressive regime the streets with T-shirts bearing If one takes the last line of the children. Since shift work (in- headed by Nicolae Ceaucescu the slogan "Latvian Power." Arsenal letter out of context, it is cluding the night shift) is now and members of his family, has Soviet monuments are being possible to glean exactly what widespread in Romania osten- created an unendurable situa- desecrated, and Russians kind of sentiments the regime sibly, to conserve energy — tion for many of the residents. beaten up at random. The fears, and hopes to counteract people would come off the Ironically, the economic crisis report says: "These protests by these mass indoctrination evening shift at eleven p.m. and is seen by some as a cause for have been fueled by opposition sessions: "In this struggle, you wait until six in the morning for hope: "Maybe this crisis will to the war in — Afghanistan (the Polish workers) can count the stores to open. This July, cause some upheval, the 4 rumors of atrocities there the are on authentic revolutionary the situation was still critical. collapse of the regime, commonplace in Riga," Latvia's solidarity of the workers of our There was no meat, except in anything," said one engineer — capital (Globe and Mail, country all 7 and of Soviet people, restaurants, very little bread, a party member — in Tirgu September 1981, p. 8). Are the you can count on our fraternal almost no milk, cheese or Mures, Romania. Soviets the on eve of their own internationalist aid and sup- butter, and only tomatoes, old anti-war movement? port." potatoes (one kilo per

visitor's chronicle A Teresa Szlamp Running the gauntlet and coming of age This was supposed to be a news was good news didn't help now famous Gazefa cinemas, but without funny article but being tor's letter proving dire need. aboutoland, any Telling them that if Krakowska, but I'm not sure listed in the newspapers in the Milk, cream, and white cheese it's damn difficult to write son ething untoward did how much I had to do with it. At normal way. alongside the other (curded) are rationed. anything comical about a happen now the Canadian Embassy any rate, Krakowska, which films currently tragedy or to laugh at what has playing. The standard rule of thumb would contact them also didn't normally sells for a single zloty become an eloquent testimony Whenever the terms 'closed seems to be that the best of help much. But I went any way. in Krakow, sells for up to 150 viewing' 'private to endurance, perseverance, or showing,' everything and anything Everything went without a zloty elsewhere in Poland (on together with a list of up to eight produced in Poland is for ex- and survival. I would like to hitch, more or less, until I the black market), when it can screenings per day, share with you the perils of reached were found port. The worst of whatever is Krakow, I where was to at all. It has be obtained become in the newspaper, it "polonization" a la PRL spend was evident left over is for domestic con- the year. There I was, the most honest "official" (People's Republic of Poland). what was being shown. Tickets sumption. There is generally perched on one suitcase with newspaper in the country, and were distributed for sale to little or no variety in domestic The pain and humiliation cuts my map propped up against my one of the most popular. This is factories, offices, clubs, the distribution deeper if one is not protected by other and goods and suitcase. Along came a especially striking in that one of groups, wads of American green, hotels, with a markup of 2 to 5 system is medieval. One exam- nice fellow whose camera I only the common attitudes toward zloty, earmarked for short visits, herds of western Solidarity. I ple of the resentment which this noticed later. He asked if me he the press is that "if it's in print, saw the film five tourists, local groups dedicated could times to make causes is illustrated by a recent *Vielp. I thought it likely don't believe it." sure I to catering to the whims of got everything right. incident in Krakow, when and asked him how to get to feel I could that tension was There were foreigners, or any other type of Collegium 'special' prints in rumours got around that one of Novum at Jagiello- still high in spite of the general circulation, with five very im- hoarding anesthetic. Being one of the nian University. He suggested)! the largest stores was euphoria among Poles at bring- portant sequences "unprotected" my psyche took hop the tram. Under cut. The food in its warehouses. Crowds normal ing the government almost to its aborted a psychological beating. Here, circumstances tape included inter- were threatening sales clerks it would have knees. People were quoting views then, is a verbal slide show of with Anna Walen- and preparing tobreak open the been easy, but Krakow trams Lech Walesa running the gauntlet as often, and tynowicz, a crane operator very warehouse doors before they and com- have incredibly narrow doors, sometimes ing of more often than, the active in Solidarity, who had were dispersed. Laterthateven- age. especially when you're carrying Pope. Moustaches were being been harrassed and arrested Last September I prepared two ing there was some damage suitcases. So. I walked, grown noticeably longer and during the August strike. for my trek to Poland amid after the friendly One of done to the warehouse. shutterbug bushier after the Cossack-style the shrieks of "You can't go there! segments cut was her ac- Other rumours suggest that had taken my picture and favoured by himself. The strikes! They'll Lech count of her treatment by the the current and throw you in elicited pertinent personal in- food shortages The film Robotnicy '80 was Polish jail and lose the key! You re up formation militia (police) during poor distribution are part of a — all unknown to me. finally ready for distribution in the creek without a paddle! ..." her incarceration. Soviet strategy to destroy the The next day, 1 found spite of attempts to sabotage it. I gave a friend my meat The night before I left Montreal card Polish nation in a manner so myself captured for posterity on However, the censors would not since I am still a vegetarian. my family held a conference the back page of Gazefa gradual that no one will even Polud- allow it to be distributed. In Seriously, even in 1 with me. I was ordered to write Poland notice, An older woman friend niowa, there with my suitcases, response, film projectionists as often remained a vegetarian. She in as possible just in I of mine told she would hide case and under it, a caption, me threatened to strike if was hidden away in a jail or turn would get me milk or me in her place in the coun- "Students again in Krakow.'' authorities refused to permit the tumbled into cream, because now only peo- if some other kind of The newspaper folded shortly tryside the Soviets came showing of the film. As a result, ple with children trouble. Telling them that no thereafter, giving can buy milk. visiting. One of the most pop- birth to the the film was shown in numerous Everyone else requires a doc- ular aphorisms in Poland is: Page 4: STUDENT, October 1981 "Visit the Soviet Union before another group of people wear- Older women usually stand for they visit you." Mouths would ing suits, white shirts and dark meat. Older people are often twist slightly at this attempt at ties, their _paunches hanging seen out staking a place well ironic humour, but few really over their belts. On one side before dawn, especially for laughed. Walesa speaks using short meat. People were generally not sentences, punctuating them By the time March rolled too worried about the possibili- with nervous gestures; on the around meat, butter, margarine, ty of the Soviets invading. There other.Jagielski drones on in his cooking oil, lard, rice, noodles, was so little food around to peculiar pre-war accent, flour, and oats were all rationed. begin with, they would note, provoking derisive snickering This didn't mean you would how would they survive? There and outright laughter from the necessarily get your supplies. It was nothing left to steal — the audience. only meant that theoretically Soviets had already taken By the time Christmas you were able to buy your everything. came along, only sugar was allotment somewhere in There is a Soviet military rationed, but promises of Poland. For a time we all had to contingent in the town of further rationing was the register at a store and do our Legnica. Soviet officers never government's gift to the people shopping there. That plan didn't walk the streets alone any more. last year. **Qne of our spies in Western Ukraine reports that a Lviv high On Christmas Eve I work out, so it was back to the Poles openly spit at them, not schools tudent was recently named to the prestigious stood for six hours for bread, in old way ... hoping supplies Young Academy of even waiting for them to pass a town located about a 3-hour wouldn't run out before ourturn Scientists for showing exceptional ability in the field of is chemistry. It by. Abuse loud when Soviets bus ride from Krakow. It has came. seems, however, the young progidy is more amused crash than bread queues and take become common for Poles to The laundry detergent overwhelmed by the honour, as one of his parents happens to the last loaves be a famous of bread. Now, measure the value of goods not eventually ran out. Soap Ukrainian dissident presently serving time on the wives children trumped-up charges. bureaucratic and of Soviet in terms of price, but according products were added to the A oversight must have been personnel hardly responsible for this young person's ever leave to the length of time one has to ration list especially detergent inauguration into the highly- their fenced-in compound. esteemed body, indicating that the stand in line to obtain them. In and shampoo. Despite this, we KGB may seem to (j'e After full omnipresent a year of more or fact, people rarely asked how couldn't find any soap products and all-powerful but is hardly infallible. less quiet revolution in Poland much anything cost. Now they anywhere. Even the hospital since the eruption • Student of the strikes wanted to know tiow long the authorities were telling patients readers may remember an interview we ran witfi in the Gdansk musician shipyards last queue was, how large a supply to bring their own linen and Wasyl Kohut of the rock group CANO in the spring of August. Poles 1980. Kohut the have invented there was, and how long one pajamas with them upon enter- was creator of one of the band's most popular some memorable and perhaps tunes, a jazz-rock adaptation of the song "Rushnychok" titled would likely have to stand. ing hospital, linen is sent home prophetic "Earthly Mother" on CANO's Eclipse album. have quotes and If you do yourshopping the home for washing because the We learned, aphorisms. however, that has now broken-up, but that neighbourhood where you live, hospitals couldn't cope with the CANO several of its Discussing members {alas, Rachel Paiment is not Poland's queues are generally a good situation We had to resort to among them) have re- "friends," grouped in the Lech Walesa remark- place to catch up on news and shampoo. That stuff can clean Toronto under new name of MASQUE. You can look ed, "It is not possible to fear for their first album on the A & M label, and be listening for one of gossip. You can get someone to anything, and it is especially friends. The only danger is that hold your place in line as you good for washing corduroy and Wasyl's songs on the new disc, a hauntingly beautjful cut titled they may embrace too tightly." "Russian Roulette." dash off to check out other woollen clothes as it keeps In the vein, same in reply to a possibilities. When you come them soft. Finally, we ran out of foreign journalist's • The new SUSK executive has suffered its first questions back you return the favour shampoo and had to resort to casualty barely regarding the possibility two months into its term of office. Vice-President for the mountain of passing on whatever informa- hand soap, which left a film on armed Soviet intervention in region, Calvin Melnyk, formerly the financial chairperson for tion you might have garnered our hair which gave it the Student, resigned his position Poland, Walesa warned. "Tanks on your foray. Also you can tell consistency of wire. Vinegar has because he doesn't feel he has time to carry can threaten us, but they can't people what you're looking for came to the rescue. Vinegar was out his responsibilities. Asked why he took the job in make us work." the first place, Melnyk claimed he was pressured into accepting (he because the possibilities are not rationed and it was available A more sobering view of the post at the recent SUSK Congress in Toronto. quite good that someone might in abundance. It was the only !; situation is contained in the know where the scarce item can thing that could lift the film. Just following aphorism: if Soviet be found, if it I can be found. before left Krakow my room- • A veritable galaxy of international writers gathered in troops should invade Poland Toronto A shrewd observer can mate stood in line for two hours recently (1-4 October) to discuss various topics related the they would be greeted with to even tell what people are for a bit of shampoo. theme of the writer and human rights. The well-publicized traditional Polish hospitality: 38 for queueing by watching what Nylon stockings are dif- congress was organized by the Toronto Arts Group for Human million molotov cocktails. kind of ficult people are standing in to get, so when I came Rights, which also selected seven imprisoned authors and poets — Deputy Premier Jagielski, line. Some times the queues are across a shop with them in one from each major geopolitical region of the globe — to protest (who not only lost his position so long a person can't tell what stock I dashed in and bought as on behalf of and focus public attention on. Among those chosen as in the Party at the recent Party people are standing for_. many as the clerk would let me "representative victims" was the Ukrainian poet and philosopher Congress but was also axed is because the queue already so get away with. My friends were Vasyl Stus, who is currently serving a fifteen-year sentence for from , the government by far from its beginning. For delighted with me since by the "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda". However, the famous Premier Jaruzelski) if came instance, men, especially time I could have passed on the American literary critic Susan Sontag, with exiled Russian poet across as a buffoon in the film. older fellows, dominate a news the supply would likely Josef Brodsky in tow, expressed extreme displeasure with the fact In one scene of Robotnicy '80 a queue, it's usually for vodka or have run out. that only two writers from Soviet-controlled states were on the list, bunch of scruffy people wear- wine, which are also in extreme- whereas five writers from pro-American dictatorships were picked ing dark clothes and looking ly a short supply. Younger for high-profile treatment. When the organizers tried to explain bit lean are sitting on one side of women and children are usually that the selections were carefully made and restricted in number so a table, directly across from waiting for dairy products. is to ensure maximum effect, Sontag petulantly replied that she lad not come to Toronto "to be dictated to by Canadians." She later added that "There are two empires, the Russian and the American, and if we want something here we should be able to get it," Demanding that a Cuban and a Russian — apparently having a Ukrainian writer wasn't good enough — be included in the group, Sontag succeeded in getting those present at the session, open only to credited writers, to submit to her arrogant intervention. She then proceeded to. ignore the original intent of the entire action, which was to collectively call for the release of the selected prisoners, by approaching only the big-name writers at the gathering for signatures on a special telegram she sent to Comrades Brezhnev and Castro. Even a Czech writer in attendance admitted he was overwhelmed by this display of American power.

• Election fever is growing in Saskatchewan as Blakeney's "socialists" near the end of their term in office. This has provided the cue needed for the local Rhinoceros Party to jump into the mud and start huffing and puffing — they like politics too. However, since the Rhinos' mandate is mainly for national and international

affairs, the party has recently revealed that it will farm out its the paper. In return each endeavors to print as many Saskatchewan duties to its provincial counterpart: the Whooping member^ of SUSK receives a viewpoints as possible about Ukrainian Party. Stay tuned for future developments, and watch subscription to Student. any given situation. In order to how cleverly the ubuquitous V. Koskovych is snuck onto the scene —President— In no way possible do the ensure that your viewpoint is when all the NDP's big guns are out in Manitoba reinforcing the SUSK membership fees cover expressed, it is up to YOU to Eastern Front. (cont'd from page 6) the cost of printing. The rest is write an article or letter and made up by advertising and send it in. George Samoil • Two of our agents had their hair set on end recently when they individual donations. SUSK President 81/82 walked into a Moscow street scene in the very heart of Edmonton — being a truly unique paper All members of SUSK may Norwood's Ukrainian ghetto, just a skip and a jump away from the insomuch as that it is the only contribute articles, pictures, new Student offices. Two black Studebakers. representing National student newspaper. poetry, letters, etc. to the editor. — Letters — politburo luxury, were parked beside the Ukrainian Credit Union, Yes we were here even before In fact it is our responsibility to and red stars adorned the usual blue of an ETS bus stop sign. from the national edition of the ensure that we not only do it (continued page 2) Passers-by in appropriately picturesque dress gave additional Globe and Mail, and we did it ourselves, but encourage St. is issued in a spirit of coopera- colour to the scene, which was played out with the multi-domed without a satalitel others to so as well. do tion in hopes of collectively Josephat's Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral in the background. A small portion of each as readers must always We raisinl additional funds for Stu- The effect was created for a Second City Television comedy SUSK membership dues, go remember that Student is an dent, broadening its appeal, skit, with John Candy playing "Gregory the Russian" He helps the publishing costs of newspaper and towards open forum and engendering a fraternal Rick (Bob Mackenzie) Morahnis. a black-suited politburo spirit among the various U5C members, determine why his car won't start by pointing out that clubs across Canada. These are there are straws in the battery of the car. "Oh, Gregory, the Uzbeks Morahnis. formidable objectives and it is have drunk my battery fluid!" exclaims the grateful Travel Service rolling his eyes heavenward in amazement. Our two agents were f£% Astro incumbent upon all of us to ensure their resolution. equally amazed but had the presence of mind to get autographs from the two well-known actors in the popular T.V. series. They left, I was delighted by the initial positive response from the resolving to wear their gukrainian shirts more often in hopes of COMPLETE TRAVEL SERVICE various club presidents at the getting hired on extras in future shows. SUSK Congress toward trns

proposal and I hope this letter (and • Specializing in Ukraine/Eastern Europe • Members of the Student collective read with great interest will provide a similar positive • Group and Individual Travel a tinge of jealousy) an announcement that Mr. Peter Jacyk, a reaction. I look forward to • Visas. Invitations, Passport Photos successful Toronto businessman, recently donated $45,000 to the seeing you again in the near U of T's Chair of Ukrainian Studies. Mr. Jacyk has long been a 10854 - 97 STREET future. Until then, I remain generous supporter of the academic program at the Harvard EDMONTON, ALBERTA Dan Bilak Ukrainian Research Institute; his donation is supposed to be used President important microfilming TEL. (403) 423-2351 by Chair-holder Dr. Paul Magocsi for an University of Toronto project. If only Student could find such a sweet sugar daddy or Ukrainian Students momma, we would be able to eliminate our $3,000 debt and get on Club with the business of expanding our publishing empire. STUDENT, October 1981, Page 5 Ukrainian community broadcasting Ottawa Radio: finding its f<

Some three years ago a small group of Ottawa students had a "Music from India," "Sunday Simcha" and "Presence Haitian" no non-Anglo-Saxon and non-French programming in dream about putting together a regular Ukrainian radio show. This doubt helped them to reach their decision. Because CKCU is a were practically assured of reaching at least some lis citizen- first category. We felt that the type of programming ei is the story ot their struggle to survive. student-run, non-commercial station, its commitment to access in programming extends much further than in other radio this group, was necessary in a city which is bi-c demographic make-up but has very few Canadians ot The idea behind the student-run Ukrainian radio program in stations. A Ukrainian show would help CKCU meet the CRTC's group origin in comparison to other large Canadian Ottawa originated with the arrival of a nineteen-year old Montrealer stringent licensing requirements, which require community- to provide sectors of the The next body of listeners which we were aimin' in the capital in the fall of 1979. Danylo Maceluch, at that time a oriented stations access to as many Ukrainian community in Ottawa. In order to capture recent CEGEP graduate, came to Carleton University to pursue his community as possible. considerable degree of Ukrainian-language progran career ambition of becoming a journalist, and brought with him the By the end of October 1979, Dan had secured final approval in the show. Because "Nash Holi kind of enthusiasm and energy that immediately set him apart from from the station's executives to go ahead with a Ukrainian have to be included the only radio outlet for Ukrainians in Ottawa, most Ottawa USC members. Most important of all. however, he Christmas special in January 1980. Tentative approval was also a tt serve li brought with him the determination to have his dream of launching aiven for a weekly program, commencing soon after the Christmas approach was worked out the needs of program would include a new Ukrainian music a Ukrainian radio program in Ottawa seen through to fruition. show. Our ability to produce the Christmas program would be a events bulletin board, coverage of the loc Until Dan's arrival, the local USC had been stagnating for test run to see if we could carry a regular spot on CKCU's weekly upcoming segment that would allow fortheexpre several years. The students' club was in need of new projects to schedule. and an opinion viewpoints. activize its declining membership and to stimulate interest among This concrete development inspired some members of the new members- The catalyst for the resurgence of the club was Ottawa students' club to take a more direct interest in the show. The final part of our target audience provee to difficult to define. liked to think of provided by a burst of effort from Dan. The core group of the show was formed from this group, and Dan We them as oi listeners, various politicians, civil The transition to a schedule of regular weekly activity on the emerged as its natural leader. In November, 1979, about eight USC' namely, servants, vi: part of the club did not come about without its share of difficulties. members gathered at Rooster's Coffee House on the Carleton dignitaries and local embassy employees. We had n potential size of this particular grouping, At the club's first general meeting, Dan's proposal for a Ukrainian University campus to formulate a program of activities to follow. but wanted radio program on Carleton's campus station, CKCU-FM. was Proceedings at our meetings were informal. Previous attempts at into account in the selection or our program offerin treated with a great deal of skepticism. Dan's recent arrival at holding meetings with formal rules of order — drafting a decided to integrate special features on multicultun Carleton meant that his involvement with CKCU was relatively new. constitution, and the like — had always resulted in a loss of interest Soviet political prisoners into the show. He had been assigned a position with the popular morning public —•among club members and had merely taken up time from more Having set these goals "Nash Holos" went on the a affairs program known as "Special Blend,'' but he had been fruitful activity. The Rooster's session was consciously designed to with the Ukrainian Christmas special in January 1980 working there for only a short period of time. Dan had already avoid the recurrence of such a situation. Ottawa USC members contributed to the effort, suggested the idea of a Ukrainian show to the station executives That night at Rooster's it became evident that there was predictably quite simple in style and content. We pr and their response was encouraging, but qualified: they stated that enough interest within our group to produce a regular Ukrainian information about Sviata Vechera and about the Jul the initiative and effort for a show would have to come entirely from show on CKCU-FM. But it was also evident that the show might be and played severfal koliady. Mostly, we learned aboi the Ukrainian community. This of course, meant the student club. an extremely complex undertaking. Difficulties with the technical hard work is involved in preparing thirty minutes of rac They did, however, offer help in teaching students how to use the end could be overcome with help from regular CKCU staffers. But this first show still had a few rough edges, it was sufl technical facilities. Since none of us — including Dan — knew how our major difficulty was going to be with the content of the done to satisfy CKCU executives and to earn us a re to "tech" (make use of the control board), such help was going to program: whatever in the world were we going to try to say? program. be needed. The consensus that night was to try to provide "something for With the preparation of our first series of show Many people regarded the idea of a Ukrainian show on CKCU- everyone." This idea was reflected in the nane which we chose for year, a considerable degree of enthusiasm was sho FM very positively. Both students at Carleton and residents of the show, "Nash Holos." The target audience was to be a three-tier involved as we watched "Nash Holos" take shape in a Ottawa who had followed the progress of the station since its group of listeners. Although we would have liked to have had more manner. Gradually, we developed the kind of for inception in 1975, had seen CKCU develop into one of the top student, especially Ukrainian student listeners, the student envisioned in our initial strategy session at the Roos campus radio stations in the country. Its facilities are top notch, its connection was to be downplayed in a bid to readh a wider the weeks went by our format got tighter and tig! production and sound are clean, and the commercial or editorial audience. announcing became more professional. Each show v factors influencing the content of the programming are minimal. Wedeciced that the drawing card of the show would be its local taped during the week before it was aired. At first our Those of us in USC working on the project knew that on CKCU. we orientation. Because CKCU-FM is a community-oriented station, Sundays at twelve noon, but we were later switched b would be able to produce exactly the type of show that we wanted. our show fit nicely into this format. Upon this local base we in the afternoon. Dan was ntt deterred by the initial lack of enthusiasm towards his intended to build our broader audience. Unfortunately, the aura of excitement sum initiative. He decided to pursue the idea of a show by himself, The first body of listeners aimed at would be the dedicated production of the show soon wore off for some me without the support of the club, gambling on further support if and CKCU listeners and other elements of the general Ottawa public, "Nash Holos" staff. We slowly began to lose members when he could get approval for a program to go on the air. As it who we hoped would be interested in ethnic programming. For this 1980 only five of us remained: Dan, Nestor Woychy happened, approval for the show was not difficult to obtain. Dan's group we decided that segments of the show would have to be technician Deb Merinchukand myself. In May with the persistence with the CKCU staff finally convinced them to make the broadcast in English highlighting material such as basic informa- school break, those of us left decided to take the she lime slot available to the Ukrainian community. The existence of tion about the Ukraine, about Ukrainians in Canada and the and its future became clouded in uncertainty. other ethnically-oriented programming on the station such as community in Ottawa. Since CKCU-FM is the sole radio outlet for After the summer holidays Dan returned from h 37 Student: Moving Up and C

Autumn is usually the the Dutch Reformed Church mosphere and the re-affirmed season that we feast in the known as King's College. At the committments of people willing thanks for what the harvest has moment STUDENT is sharing to contribute to STUDENT in given us, or a time when we the floor with two artists, a some way, there is much to be freeze our feet at sub-zero photographer, and an organiza- positive about in the up-coming football games. But this autumn tion involved in Third World year. UKRAINIAN (TORONTO) STUDENT newspaper has turn- support work (Human Settle- Business-wise, STUDENT ed a new leaf amid the old ment Centre). With this type of has also negotiated a new leaves by establishing itself in a company it shouldn't be dif- contractual agreement with the CREDIT UNION LTD. new location as well as settling ficult to create a friendly and co- Ukrainian Canadian Students' for a substantial financial in- operative atmosphere. Union (SUSK). The only crease in the SUSK/STUDENT On 2 October STUDENT change from last year's contract contract hosted an open house, which with SUSK appears in the form STUDENT'S new offices turned out to be more of a high- of a substantial raise the are located at #435. 10766 - 97 spirited bash with some sixty amount of the SUSK subscrip- Street in Edmonton's Norwood people in attendance. Many tion fee to STUDENT, which district, which is the focus of the new faces and old hacks turned works out to a fifty dollar per city's Ukrainian community. out, giving the impression that issue increase. The term of the The offices are on the top floor that there is indeed an oppor- agreement is for a twelve- of an old hotel (circa 1914) tunity to get new people in- month period commencing 1 which is now : attached to the volved in the newspaper. With September 1981 and ter- modern : educational facilities of the creation of a fresh at- minating on 31 August 1982. 3635 Cawthra Rd. 297 College St. 2397 St. W. " Toronto, Ont., (. . ) 7 -? .'2\° Eastern 5 1S2 SUSK Conferer 272-0468 762-6961 922-1402 On the weekend of 26-27 tion. In the morning, par- ticipating, delegating, and September, SUSK held a ticipants explored ideas on how maturity level." After that those 922-2797 regional conference for Ontario to make SUSK a more effective in attendance took a test of and Quebec in the city of organization. Finances and leadership skills which revealed Toronto. The clubs that par- communication links between among other things that SUSK's ticipated included Concordia, the national and local ex- new president, George Samoil, McGill, Queen's, U of T, York, ecutives were two of the areas is an effective leader. Ryerson, McMaster, Waterloo, singled out as needing the most SUSK business began at UWO, and Windsor. improvement. about four o'clock. One of the The conference consisted The afternoon was devoted concerns on the agenda was the of three parts: a leadership to a discussion about the one way in which the organization workshop, SUSK business, and problem every club has: how to could best help the Ukrainian Mm local club introductions and get members involved in student refugees in Austria. The business. The wqrkshop was organizing activities and yet financial and format problems conducted on Saturday by the make sure that their tasks are of Student, and the possibility capable and knowledgeable cpmpetently executed. The of extending Operation Mykola- Ted Marunchuk, from the scMiition was found in the buzz jko throughout Canada, were of Ministry Culture and Recrea- words of "telling, selling, par- also discussed.

A message from the President. . . A message from th

A special thanks goes out Club delegates from Con- genuine enthusiasm expressed to Dana Boyko (UP Lauren- cordia, McGill, McMaster, York, by the delegates towards en- tians) Nestor Mykytyn (U.P Ryerson, U of T, Western, suring a healthy future for an — Human Rights) and Tamara Waterloo, Windsorand Queens, Organization right from the Ivanochko. (U.P. Cultural) collectively provided a tremen- National executive and clubs all. Their efforts at putting together dous amount of input towards the way to Student. the eastern SUSK regional establishing a positive set of A major area of concern Organizational and leadership long and short range goals for that was of particular interest to seminar held in Toronto Sept26 SUSK. As President I could not me in my role as a member of - 27 was a tremendous success. help but be impressed by the the "Student" collective was in Page 6: STUDENT, October 1981 . )

Taras Myhal feet on the airwaves

programming in Ottawa, we Montreal with the idea of resurrecting the radio show in the autumn Mykhailo at least some listeners knew that by volunteering he was also committing 3 in this of 1980. The task would be considerable. Not only did we have to himself to doing otherwork for the station. His decision >f programming envisioned for convince the local USC once again marked the that the show was a worthwhile first time that someone other than ity which is bi-cultural Dan had taken on extra in its project, but we also had to regain the confidence of the CKCU responsibilities beyond those directly related to "Nash Holos" few Canadians of non-charter executives responsible for programming. to get the program back on the air. r large Canadian These positive developments centres. The first obstacle proved to be more easily overcome than made us feel that the show was finally starting to become a real ;h we were aiming for was the originally expected. The 1 980-81 school year brought to Carleton a group effort, something order to capture which extended well beyond Dan's this group a wealth of new USC members, and a surprising number expressed personal ambitions; it also encouraged optimism that the anguage programming would an interest in working on the show show when the matter was brought up could survive without being dependent cause "Nash Holos" at the first upon the efforts of one would be general meeting of the club that fall. The fresh faces individual. is in Ottawa, a "mixed came from bag" Hamilton, Toronto, Ottawa and even Edmonton and The January the needs 1981 Christmas special was tosignal the return of of listeners. The many were first year students studying journalism or mass Nash Jkrainian Holos" onto CKCU's airwaves. Working with a much larger music feature, an communication. They saw "Nash Holos" as an interesting project and more enthusiastic group than our first time around and with verage of the local arts scene and a good opportunity to put their studies into practice Also' almost two months to prepare for the premiere show, Now for the expression of local Dan's perseverance and great we decided to enthusiasm was instrumental in prepare a radio play convincing on the theme of Rizdvo, incorporating items on many of the new arrivals to participate in the program. Sviata Vechera, Koliada, and Sluzhba Bozha. The show was also Jience provee to be the most The second obstacle, winning over the CKCU executive was important in that if it succeeded in involving, for the first time, non- nk of them as our '^prestige" another matter altogether. Although we certainly hadn't made a student members of the Ukrainian community. i, civil servants, Among the visiting foreign sham of our show the previous year, we didn't exactly set the outsiders who participated were priests from the local Ukrainian oyees. We had no idea of the station on fire with our broadcasts either. More significantly, we Catholic and Orthodox churches, whose remarks and blessings ping, but wanted to take them had cancelled out in May for the summer showing considerable were woven into the text of the play. After the program was program offerings. Thus, we disorganization within our ranks. As we had initially been expected broadcast on Christmas Eve. there was a lot of is on multiculturalism to positive feedback and on continue through the summer months, it was not going to be an from the Ukrainian community, indicating that listenership for the low. easy task to station convince executives of our viability. program had been quite high. los" went on the ai r as planned A further complication arose out of the fact that the The time slot which became available to us for a regular il in show January 1980. About eight programming schedule for the fall of 1980 was drafted in August, in the winter of 1981 was Sunday night at seven-thirty, a time valued td to the effort, which was and it wasn't until late September that we knew that there was highly in radio. One major drawback, however, content. was that we could d We provided basic enough interest to attempt a comback. It was early October before only go on every other week, alternating with a previously nd about the Julian calendar, Dan could tell CKCU personnel that Ukrainian students at Carleton established women's program known as Moonrhythms. But the , we learned about how much wanted to re-launch the Ukrainian program. Not surprisingly less rigorous demands also meant that we could produce better irty minutes of radio. Although CKCU people were skeptical about the show's chances of quality material for the program. The shows were taped three days edges, it was sufficiently well- surviving. Having no luck with his initial overtures, Dan called a before airtime, giving us a deadline to work towards. The program ld to earn us a regular weekly meeting of interested USC members, now numbering aboutten, to gradually began to improve as we added new features such as an discuss the situation. He told us that we would have to prove to interview with federal Multiculturalism Minister Jim Fleming, and it series of shows in the new CKCU that there was community demand for the show. Apart from an investigative report on the activities surrounding the construc- tusiasm was shown by those the verbal feedback that staffers occasionally got about "Nash tion of a new Ukrainian Catholic church in Ottawa. Once again we i" take shape in a spontaneous Holos", we had already conducted a survey — in March 1980 during tried to keep in mind our objective to serve a three-tier audience. the kind of format we had the Shevchenko concert — which told us that we had built up a Mykhailo Bociurkiw helped the show not only through his >sion at the Rooster's cafe. As substantial listenership within the Ukrainian community. This steadily-improving teching skills, but also by making available his t tighter and tighter and our group, we felt, provided us with the best chance of garnering diverse Ukrainian record collection, containing rare and little- mal. Each show would be pre- support to get the show back on the air. known recordings. Donna Stachiw evolved into a competent and aired. At first our time slot was At our meeting we deiided that we would circulate a petition reliable host of the program, as well as writing the Cultural corner, e later switched to three-thirty around the Ottawa hromada asking people to sign an appeal for a now an established feature on Ukraine and its arts amed primarily, Ukrainian program on CKCU. We hoped that our initiative would at an English-speaking audience. And then there was Dan, who excitement surrounding the impress the CKCU executive by showing that we were committed wrote most of the scripts, hustled interviews in the city and in off for some members of the and had a base of support within the Ukrainian community "Nash Montreal, and generally put the program together so that it would to lose members until by April Holos" activists were further encouraged by first-year recruit be presentable for broadcast. Of course, there were others: like , Nestor Woychyshyn, CKCU Mykhailo Bociurkiw's decision to volunteer to be trained as a Lida Migus, Oksana Maryniak and Irene Marushko, who also If. In May with the arrival of the technician. Deb Merinchuk.the previous tech, was not a member of contributed to the program. ;d to take the show off the air, the USC and her services were available to us only as a member of icertainty. CKCU's technical services department. Having a teh from our own ( More radio on page 1 1 . returned from his sojourn in group would enable her to work on other projects closer to her own interests. id in the On World Executive Director re-affirmed In other STCOEWr-related effort to organize on effective ople willing news a proposed "matching organizational methods. r UDENT in scheme" (see letters, p. 2) was Although things are looking up, The Ukrainian Canadian Council of Saskatchewan requires a much to be initiated by the University of the newspaper is still in need of person to assume the duties of Executive Director starting up-coming Toronto Ukrainian Students' support of all kinds. The best 15 December. 1981 Club in the hope of attracting way to contribute to the well- STUDENT "additional funds from clubs being of STUDENT is to submit This position offers a challenging career in community relations ed a new across Canada into a national articles, letters, ads and money and program development as the successful applicant will snt with the drive to raise advertizing in the form of subscriptions and be required to: Students' revenues, subscriptions and donations. Of course, if you are The only article contributions to the in the vicinity drop by our new r's contract paper." The scheme would see facilities and try your hand at * co-ordinate the Sask Sport Trust Culture Division global agency in the form the U of T club immediately pay some of the regular tasks in- for over 250 Ukrainian organizations in Saskatchewan. use in the $300 to STUDENT with a volved in putting out a paper. < remaining $450 donation to At least all subscrip- be when the leaves * assure smooth flowing and viable operation of programs NT, which forwarded when other clubs fall and STUDENT staffers are throughout the province. dollar per "match" the $450 total. not at either a hockey game or term of the The new contract and of- battling the elements at a late- * oversee the entire administration of provincial office locatetiun a twelve- fice, as well as a generally season football extravaganza, Saskatoon. mencing 1 optimistic financial picture, you might find them in Edmon- and ter- reaffirm the contention that ton's Hawrelak Park collecting ust 1982. STUDENT is making a strong pop bottles to pay the phone * assist communities across the province in establishing cultural # Dlbill."- Say. lah vee! and educational programs as required. ference Report QUALIFICATIONS: ' University degree with a major in the Humanities or Social ting, and On Sundaytheclubsgavea day was packed with people Sciences. rthat those summary of their upcoming dancing to the diverse tunes of < a test of activities. Important dates were Solovey. All-in-all, the con- " several years experience in community work with voluntary ich revealed noted and invitations exchang- ference was the usual SUSK organizations. thatSUSK's ed. Clubs also discussed combination of hard work and rge Samoil, problems that they were having fun. ' The social side of the Credit for the successful Good working knowledge of Ukrainian: Applicant will be s began at weekend began on Friday even- weekend goes to all the club required to do correspondence and public speaking in both: One of the ing with the arrival of out-of- members who came, particular- Ukrainian and English. nda was the town students. A late supper ly those who made a special trganization was held at a Hungarian effort to be there. Extra special ' Experience in grantsmanship and budgeting essential. e Ukrainian restaurant noted for its terrific credit has to go to Dana Boyko Austria. The Weiner schnitzel. Following this and Tamara Ivanochko. who did it problems delegates and guests paid a visit an excellent job of organizing SALARY: ; possibility to the famous Brunswick the conference ion Mykola- House, and then moved on to $16,000.00 — $18,000.00 depending on experience, and nada, were the ritzy night club, Ukrainian qualifications Caravan. The zabava on Satur- NOTE: from the president . . . A message from

This is a Sask Sport Trust funded position. rt expressed the discussion of the role of newspaper for students. All owards en- Student. student newspapers in Canada jture for an It appears that many of us, that are democratically run To apply, please send resume to:

: from the unless we have been envolved maybe a member of the Cana- Dr. Zenin Pohorecky, President ind clubs all, with Student in the past, are dian University Press (CUP). Ukrainian Canadian Council of Saskatchewan unsure of the relationship Student is no exception, and in Box 141 of concern between Student and the clubs fact enjoys the priviledge of Saskatoon, Sask. ir interest to In short SUSK like your S7K 3K4 of respective campus member students (Pres. page 5) ctive was in union is the publisher of a STUDENT, October 1981, Page 7 1

The Edmonton performances Christina Chernesky a column of music review by Bohdan Zajcew Veroyvka tours!

equally excellent hope the group enjoyed their Dancers of the Ukraine in The Veryovka. I Hryhori Veryovka choir brought with visit to Canada as much as did. honour of thing The group's performances them their distinctive Sclianske An important night of the in Edmonton (8, 9 10 style of singing, 'Which, when happened to me, the September) during their recent I I and done correctly, gives the show. watched. observed but Canadian tour were nothing listener the impression that the even looked for mistakes, of people short of outstanding. The periormer is singing directly only saw a group program included many songs from the throat, although in whose performance level was es- and dances well-known to me actual fact the voice is projected incredibly high. This was the various Veryovka with the aid of the diaphragm. pecially impressive as the from prac- records in my collection. The choristers' facial ex- chorus was performing Never in life have I been pressions were fantastic, as tically every night for three my a sore throat or given such a thrill as to be able were their body movements in weeks, and twisted ankle could mean a blot to actually see the group on the choir formation. I have performing the selections never seen a choir sway and on a company member's tour- stage Indeed, I was . to me. move and feel the music so ing record The high standard of familiar Volume Five overwhelmed by the Reve ta stohne naturally before. Their concen- their performance can only be somewhat [laughed with them tration was focussed on the attributable to the fact that they experience, FIVE 1) lak sontse zaslonyt' them because RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME the loved their song and dance so and I cried with 2) Misiats ziron'ky director but they sang to In observing the their music was so brilliantly RUSHNYCHOK 3) Oi khmeliu audience, giving one the feeling much. reaction which is to say the Sage Promotions 4) Oi u haiu pry Dunaiu of incredible unity. Any move audience's at the performed, money I spent was well ESP 80600 5) Ne vynuj meme the director brought an im- finale, as they stood and time and 6) A kalyna ne verba mediate response from the clapped and begged for more, t worthwhile. on the concert choir, giving the audience ex- couldn't help thinking how Reflecting 1) chervoni Veryovka - guitar, vocals I didn't later I realized that Andnj Harasymovych 2) lak znaidesh ty kohos' cellent sound quality that has grateful was people - accordion, vocals Ukraine, which as Yevhen Osidacz 3) Tysha navkruhy rarely been duplicated by other boycott the show. The audience comes from - bass guitar, vocals Russian Yurij Sztyk 4) Soloviu similar groups. was obviously delighted when we all know is under Stephan Andrusiak - drums, vocals dosi really 5) Zrozumit" ne mozhu The musicians also shone the choir song a short number domination. Thus, it is not lak davno of their 6) their performances. The in their broken English. surprising that a number it were in Russian, When attempting any sort of chronological assessment of the simple fact that a man could Although it sounded funny, selections early of us in the development of Ukrainian pop music, the late 1960's and play a tamborine with such was the thought that counted. though many did not approve of this 1970's stand out as the most formative period of change. Granted. erve and animation, or play There is no doubt that the audience Ukraine's op- SAL DEFEO'S work with Ukrainian jazz in the early 60's on the eight different instruments so thoughts and feelings of most "gesture" to I personally UKRAINE SWINGS album remains unparalled. while the wonderfully, revealed that each people were with Veryovka that pressors. However, put KUBANSKI KOZAKY we,re already entertaining audiences with performer was dedicated to nighr. Many, including myself, feel this is no justification to the group. their stylized Ukrainian music a la cabaret by the middle of the giving pleasure to others. One walked out of the auditorium in down or boycott virtually decade But the spark which ignited the "revolution" in Ukrainian could also only marvel at the a state of amazement. It was for Their performance was any mistake was pop music was the SMERICHKA release of VOLODYMYR ability of one musician to make all an exciting evening to letter-perfect:

of I with a followed closely by the appearance remember, and I know have immediately covered up I VASlUK's Xhervona ruta", exquisite bird calls from a mere the that made the first KOBZA album. Spurred by these two influences, piece of plastic. learned much that will serve me smile or a movement Ukrainian music began to change radically, well in my own cultural ac- the audience believe that it was character of popular Of course, I realize that the For both in Soviet Ukraine and in North America. There began to ves of many of these tivities within the Ukrainian really supposed to happen. 'emerge a distinct synthesis of North American and European professional performers are community. the first time in my life, I musical styles, flavored strongly with traditional aspects of harsh and even unfair for they During the Second World observed a group of Ukrainian Ukrainian folk music. are not paid very large sums of War a performing group was dancers who did not attempt to Specifically towards a younger audience, the genre Hryhori Veryovka. baffle the audience with two geared money. I also realize that many created by aimed to reflect what was occurring on the world pop music scene of the members of the group do The group was named the hundred different movements while establishing a unique Ukrainian identity of its own. In North not think or feel themselves Ukrainian Folk Song Chorus, at the same time, but who did the American the music developed as a curious hybrid, combining Ukrainian the way that we do in and its members were farm, simple. well-executed style of western Canadian Ukrainian polka bands (eg. PETER industrial and office workers. movements which won instan- Canada. And I am equally aware "big PICKLYK, THE INTERLAKE POLKA KINGS, etc.) with the that there must have been a lot The chorus was based in taneous applause from the band" sound of WESELOWSKY and the TEMPO ORCHESTRA, of politics involved in getting Kharkivand popularized Ukrai- appreciative audience. The performers respecitvely whose work gained popularity melodies, songs and were so disciplined writer and Veryovka into Canada. I often nian folk dancers in the Ukrainian communities in Toronto, Montreal, New York, wonder how many KGB agents dances. Today, the ensemble is that they actually had perfectly of course there Philadelphia, and other major eastern centres. And were in the audience, or travell- managed and directed by straight lines throughout their was the unmistakable influence of a variety of North American with the ensemble. Anatoli Avdiievskii. and bears performance. often than not. the music consisted merely of Chorus and artists. More Regardless of these facts, I the name Veryovka revamped Ukrainian folk songs, embellished only with contem- porary instrumentation and a danceable beat. Doremy Fasola's classical review Danceability proved to be the key to the musical genre's popular acceptance. And it was popular acceptance which opened the floodgates that spewed forth a plethora of Ukrainian pop bands. Riding the crest of that wave if not actually initiating it in North America, was a Montreal foursome known to one and all as RUSHNYCHOK In the last decade, the name RUSHNYCHOK has become synonymous with contemporary Ukrainian Canadian music. The band effectively broke the ice for all the imitators, pretenders and peers that sprung up in its wake. Four young gentlement — identically garbed in stylized Ukrainian folk dress and standing on stage behind microphones draped with rushnyky — in tront of a modest stack of amplifiers, instruments in hand, singing Ukrainian songs. This is the stuff legends are born of, especially if it's never been done before. And as far as the Ukrainian community was

concerned, it was a sight and sound to behold. Idolized by the young and lionized by the old, RUSHNYCHOK quickly became a household word throughout Canada and the United States. Tours D. Bortniansky, Concerto- from the Hlukhiv Music School Side one features the of major Ukrainian festivals in both countries followed, as the Symphony, Quintet for Piano, to St. Petersburg when he was Concert-symphony (B Flat Ma- band's music was quickly integrated into the playlists of almost Harp, Violada gamba and Cello, only seven to sing in the court jor) — a genre is better known every Ukrainian radio program. Soon, no Ukrainian home was various instrumentalists, capella. This is by no means a by its Italian name. Sinfonia complete unless you owned at least one RUSHNYCHOK album. Melodiya 33 C 10-08697-98 (a) unique example of the way the concertante for piano, harp, two Blinded by the freshness of the band's appearance and new Russian capital was violins, viola da gamba, cello charmed by the apparent sincerity with which it approached its In the annals of music building up its musical life at the and bassoon. The work was task, it's not surprising that no one really stopped to seriously take Dmytro Stepanovych Bort- expense of the Ukrainian na- composed in 1790 and consists stock of RUSHNYCHOK's music. Perhaps it was reluctance to niansky is best known as a tion; in fact, Hlukhiv Music of three movements; Allegro explode a carefully-constructed and well-nurtured myth: to brilliant composer of sacred School played an important role macestoso, II - Larghetto, and possibly appear to be speaking out against the icons of the music. Virtually every Ukrainian in this process. In the north the III - Allegretto. contemporary Ukrainian North American musical establishment, who has attended the Divine young Bortniansky continued The first, though marked against those who were very much responsible for the creation of Liturgy with any frequency has his musical education under Allegro maestoso is acquires its that establishment in the first place. Whatever the reason for the heard, at one time or another, another Ukrainian emigre, M. F. majestic character only later in overwhelming silence, one fact remainds clear, namely, since his Kheruvyms'ka No. 7. It Poloratsky and B. Galuppi. the movement. The second RUSHNYCHOK's inception there never has been much substance seems to be a standard feature When the latter returned to movement is marked larghetto, to the band's music. in the repertory of not only his native Haly, Bortniansky and the third - allegretto. Side Now there's alot to be said for simplicity. And indeed every Ukrainian and _Slavis followed to complete his educa- two of the disc contains Bort- RUSHNYCHOK's first album may have been 1he epitome of Orthodox church choir, but has tion in musical composition. It niansky's Quintet for piano, simplicity Elementary percussion variations, basic rhythm and also been adopted by other is there that his operas Creon, harp, violin, viola da gamba and bass guitar patterns, lead or melody lines carried by voice or denominations: while perusing Atcides and Quintus Fabius cello in C Major. Both are - accordion, rudimentary vocal arrangements — all of this patterned various Protestant hymnals this were written and subsequently written in three movements: 1

around and fleshing out simple yet beautiful Ukrainian folk songs. reviewer has often found the staged in Venice and Modena. Allegro moderato, II - Larghet- Fresh? Definitely. Danceable? You bet. Listenable? Yes. Lasting above-mentioned work (and After a ten-year stay in Italy to, and III - Allegro. intrinsic value? Sorry ... But what the hell, it was RUSHNYCHOK's sometimes others by Bort- (1769-79), Bortniansky return- The performance is compe- first go-round and surely we could expect dynamic and musically- niansky) in English translation. ed to St. Petersburg where he tent but perhaps somewhat exciting ideas from the band as soon as it got the chance to do Unfortunately, as all too- became the Kapellmeister of cold, especially when one con- some creative exploration. often happens in similar cir- the Court Chorus (1784-96), si ders the warmth and A decade later ... With those ten years came another three cumstances, Bortniansky is and at this post that he wrote emotionality of Bortniansky's albums trom RUSHNYCHOK. Each album was considerably usually listed as a Russian most of the ecclesiastical com- spiritual compositions. Regret- inferior to its predecessor, as somehow expectations were never composer. His family had positions for which he is justly tably, the part of the viola da ealized. Bands following RUSHNYCHOK's lead took off and migrated to Hlukhiv (NE famous. gamba in both works is per- charted new musical directions while the originators stood still, Ukraine) from the extreme But Bortniansky was by no formed on a viola. Even a few indulging in some collective navel-gazing. And then came the western part of Ukraine, and means exclusively a composer decades ago no objections release of RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME FIVE, demonstrating once was in this city — which used to of liturgical works. As in his would have been raised to such and for all how a Ukrainian band can get by on name and reputation be the capital of Left-Bank youth in Italy, he continued to a substitution, but today the alone, without having to come up with an even marginally credible hetmany — that Bortniansky write secular works. The record critical listener perfers perfor- .. born in 1751. Because of under review is of musical effort. . „_ + A was an example mances on period instruments. continued page 1 his fine voice, Dmytro was taken that side of the composers oevre. Page 8: STUDENT, October 1981 A return to Socialist Realism Peter Melnychuk Moscow does not KOLUMN-EYKA believe in Marx *

Counting The Contradictions

I am becoming weary of reading articles analyzing the Ukrainian folk dance scene by amateur critics captivated by "trendy" solutions for training dancers. Now the fad seems to be |azz. After all, ballet is too slow, boring, and "effeminate" As regardsarecentarticleinKolumn-eyka(Sfudenf,jan-Feb 1981) I found a number of contradictions. After making " some observations that I can agree with — high calibre jazz (and especially lyrical jazz) that meets professional standards, is primarily derived from ballet. Moreover it is a fact that most serious jazz dancers also study classical ballet extensively." — the article goes on to confuse the picture by intimating that an offshoot of ballet can be bettersuited to improve another offshoot of ballet, namely, the Ukrainian character dance. Perhaps students of Ukrainian dance should prepare themselves with extensive classes in Spanish flamenco dance because Spanish males are so much more macho than ballet trained males The only reason professional jazz dancers study ballet at all is to strengthen their bodies so that they can handle the rigorous demands of jazz. Technique in class must not be confused with some popular feeling about a current dance trend. I would really like to know what the basis is for Pastoral conversation between Liudmilla assuming that ballet is somehow (Irlna Murayova) and Katia (Vera Alentova) more genteel and "too" controlled. I would like to think that as a Ukrainian myself, Ik. could not be blamed dancer I might be able to have the strength to Liudmilla, for example, might art; in Moscow — their com for approaching Vladimir control my jump, my movement in the air, and have the ability to accurately be described as a ebackcan in nowaybetermed a maintain a fast spin while freezing on dime, Menshov's Moscow Does Not parody of a hosebag: the es- success a as though all of these Believe movements were effortless. Ballet prepares your for In Tears with a great sence of her character is summ- J* body just that ~Moscow Does Not Believe kind of control, and the only reason deal of excitement. To begin ed up in her observation that fin many amateur dancers are In Tears is a return to the incapable of perfecting these with, the Soviet cinematic "life techniques is because they lack the is like a lottery and I want to hackneyed conventions of strength. land softly heritage is formidable: until the To and with control is what dancing on stage is win it". The script calls for her to socialist realism. Accordingly, all about. Don't think that because a ascent of one J. Stalin, and the uttervariations on this dancer does this in jazz or theme of the film addresses itself, though Ukrainian subsequent hardening of his dance that he is a "soft" or even an effeminate dancer her throughout the movie, in not very intently, to some of the It's time we realized that it is the manner in nation's artistic arteries, the case we miss the point. The which ballet is problems in a purportedly applied to dance Soviet cinema was arguably the ignoble forms that can lead to a notion that the final father of the socialist Soviet society. The product world's finest looks too effeminate. In Russian ballet, plies are (the other side of protagonist's illegitimate child problem of alcoholismj^for emphasized so that men in Ukrainian that argument, incidentally, is character dance can take the is gainfully employed in the example, is noted en passim. punishment to their knees. I the German Cinema of the hardly think a jazzplies will do a better medium of television. He, upon And in a few instances the film twenties). job. Besides, it is not the prysiadka that is the hardest step on the Secondly, the Soviet running into Katia twenty years timidly even ventures to com men's knees, but it is cinema has of late experienced the aerial solos (extensions of ballet after the fact, explains his ment on problems of the something of a renaissance the technique) that take their greatest toll. Split jumps put far more action's by telling her "I kept State. God — or rather Marx with works such as pressure on the knees than do anv number ot prysiadky. Just ask thinking I was" — yes — bless its social conscience. your orthopedic specialist. But at Ifeast a strong Parazhanov's Shadows of Our "rehearsing". These are not ballet-trained male However, most of the socia has a chance of surviving the punishment, Forgotten Ancestors and well-rounded characters by any because he knows how commentary concerns Moscow to jump. Tarkovskii's Mirror ranking, The ballet system, if applied correctly, strengthens the .j standards circa (read 1958 Khrushchev,, dancer while preparing him to master among the finest films released^ On several other occasions the character barre. The and none of the criticisms made character barre can not since the sixties. Unfortunately, only teach the dancer the various classical [in the second part of the had as much impact as to character styles, but can also teach the correct mannerisms for Moscow Does Not Believe In Moscow {why this redundant, approach subversion. Ukrainian roles and Tears is,a major disappoint- thereby eliminate any need for jazz shortcuts. formal division of the film into But in the socialist realism Once you learn your form from ballet, the other training becomes a ment. J>" two parts?) Menshov's narrative of the eighties we no longer matter of drill to reinforce the many intricate variations The film might conceivably incapacities are betrayed. and In watch Ivan merrily riding the mannerisms. Jazz comes from contemporary be titled An Unmarried Woman, one North American folk such gaffe a character tractor across the steppes for dance which has for the been practised in recreational dance halls since plot bears a certain remarks to her husband, "Go the of good the collective; the early nineteen hundreds. But before expressing these familiar similarity to that of an American away. We got divorced seven instead, we are given what is in forms artistically on stage film by the the dancer must first be trained to have a same name. This years ago. Get out!'k^=. as if he essence, a Soviet Horatio Alger sense of form, and this ultimately comes from ballet. Natural time around, however, the needs to be told. -<:T story. Give us your tired, your dancers are a dime a dozen. Poor dancers can be improved by venue is Moscow, and the Jill And too often l€naracters poor, your country bumpkins training. Natural dancers that are properly trained have the Clayburgh is Vera Alentova. To are enlisted to tell the story with and — if they work hard enough potential to be stars. summarize: it is 1958 and Katia, lines such as, "Twenty years — immediate priviledge and Poor applications of ballet taught by instructors with a country girl, arrives in the big ago she was only five years limited eventual happiness will be training is the main reason city to work in a factory. why the notion continues to persist that older than us" indicating that theirs. Exhibit A is Katia, who ballet is a weaker form of dance. To make matters worse, the Although she distinguishes the director is cinematically has smart clothes, a nice apart- majority of the ballet instructors in Canada are herself by winning a workers' inarticulate. women, which can ment, her own Lada, and access further lead medal and earning a young boys into believing that ballet is a female art major Granted, Menshow should to an impossibly well-stocked form not suitable for strengthening males. But in the Soviet bloc promotion, she has the misfor- not exactly be gonged for h lupermarket. countries there are more male ballet masters and they apply the art tune to become pregnant by a efforts, but Moscow Does Not Of course the myth in a different way. It is no accident no-good city slicker who not that the Soviet Union has given Believe in Tears is marked b,>riprpropagated in this film bears to the dance world the Nureyevs, the Baryshnikovs and of only refuses to marry her but inattention detail. some the to When the scant relation to the strongest male-oriented also refuses to see or even character companies. help outlines of the klieg lights philosophical writings of Karl I'm always amused by today s trendies, who continue to be her. The film breaks here, quite reflect obtrusively off a cup- Marx; it is rather, a myth created overly-concerned with the liberation of those poor downtrodden clumsily, I might add. and board, the cluttered realism of state capitalist society. by a At women who already dominate dance in America, resumes twenty years later. by using modern the mise-en-scene becomes the end of this rainbow is there a jazz roles and transplanting its concept to the roles of Ukrainian Katia is now a successful merely sloppy. So much, too, pot of consumer goods, private character dance. Having women share in men's solos does not technocrat and party membenkjor the illusion of realism, when possessions for citizen- constitute some kind of relief from not to single women's oppression on stage mention motherCAin one outdoor scene montage comrades to enjoy. Little Ukrainian choreographers who are at all in tune with folk traditions Her life is replete with TV rcreates a Russian dusk in which wonder that 77me magazine will know that you can only dazzle the audience with so many appearances and an impressive the sun sets, rises a bit, and applauds and the Hollywood variations on a spin before it gets to be repetitive. And women's array of consumer goods, yet then, in an eyeblink, is gone Academy sends an award for costumes simply make any squats or aerial acrobatics out of the something is quite obviously completely. might forgive One Best Foreign Film. Audience question. Instead, the sensitive choreographer Finally should enhance the missing. (and believe Menshov this to some degree if response at the showing this importance of the traditional female roTe by staging it in a pleasing me, that's what it seems like) he was to plead distraction critic attendedfEdmonton Film way to help contrast the role of the men. And that is only the there enters into the picture the attributed to a cinematographer Society, SUBUTheatre, 21 situation in one type of dance, the "Hopak" — there are numerous Soviet Alan Bates, named who inexplicably jars the September}*-* was also other dance forms where the men and women play an equal role. Gosha — worker of workers, camera in some shots. enthusiastic; for me, disappoin- And then, there is the "Kozachok" where the women play the hero of the research scientists It should be acknowledged ting, perhaps, but hardly dominant role and the men act as their counterparts. I'm afraid the — and after a mercifully brief that the film's three principle surprising. After all, this is the confusion of roles and steps, regional styles and themes, are the courtship (eight days) - the two actors are very good. Alentova's province that elected Peter mistakes of poorly t trained amateur choreographers, and are not decide to get married and live Katia, in fact, is extraordinary: to Lougheed's Tories power the fault of ballet as an art form. Strong lyrical roles exist for both happily ever after. her skilful efforts transcend the with 70% of the popular vote. men and women in Ukrainian character dance. You do not have to The film is sprinkled with lesser components, and though But Albertans are not alone in go to jazz to find an American solution to a Ukrainian some genuinely humourous by fits and starts, carry it. Irina this matter: as I walked into the choreographic problem. Women in properly staged Ukrainian situations and dialogues, but it Murayora miraculously ex- night reminded myself that no dance have roles which emphasize their strengths as women rather suffers from excessive length tracts audience empathy out of one had ever gone broke un- than serving as some pretense to project a macho female image. If and the kind of pacing that the hopelessly flat character of derestimating the intelligence you read the literature and study the folklore recalls theHgpeeches you will realize that at a Liudmilla suggesting that it is of the North American Public. there are female heroes Ukrainian-Canadian that could easily be portrayed in Ukrainian church perhaps her labours that character dance. dinner. Jay Cocks, 77m e deserve a workers' medal . To conclude, if one was to apply the jazz advocate's logic, one magazine's film "critic" (if one Alexei Batalov, also imparts ****** may as well simply drill Ukrainian folk dance steps repeatedly, may use the term so loosely) humanity to an improbably because at least that way instructors wouldn't have to worry about praises the screenplay for its perfect Gosha. The remainder Originally printed in an abbreviated retraining future company dancers out of all their bad jazz habits. array of "colorful characters'; of the cast evidently scraped lorm in The Gateway, the student newspaper at the this critic detests its colourful through the Soviet equivalent of University of ( Kolumn-eyka continued on Alberta. page 11) caricatures. Katia's best friend Drama 10 and lost interest in the STUDENT, October 1931, Page 9 .

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. enter I Feeling 1 To and qualify, correctly complete tie Olfical the number ol entires received Selected entrants, in The Long Distance Quiz Question. Entry Form and qun question 01 game included theiem order to win, will be required to lust correctly answer Only Otiicial Entry forms will be considered Mail Id a lime-limited, arithmetical, skill testing question We know there are zillions of The Long Distance Feefing Sweepstakes during prearranged tape recorded telephone inter- reasons to call Long Distance. We Boi 1437. Toronto, Ontario M5W 2EB view Decisions ol the judging organization shall be Contest will commence September 1. 1981 Imal By entering, winners agree to the use ot their know it's faster than a speeding 2. There Kill total ot pruts awarded be t 3 (See Rule name, address and photograph lor resulting publicity bullet, less costly than a locomo- # 3 tor pii/e distribution] Each pine will consist ot m connection wilh this contest The winners will also a 198? Mercury LN -7 automobile (appioiimale retail be required lo sign legal document staling com- tive, and easier than leaping tall value S9.D00 each) local delnery, provincial and pliance with conlesi rules The names ol the wmneis buildings in a single bound. But municipal taies as applicable, are included as pin ol may be obtained by sending a stamped sell -addressed the priie at no cost to (he winner Orriers permit and envelope lo TCTS. 41D laurier Ate W, Room 950, we want to know why you get msuiance will responsibility ~ be the ol each winner 2110. Station D. Ottawa. Ontario K1P6H5 the feeling. Each cir will be delrveied to a Mercury dealership I. This ly to si Address nenesl the winners' residence in Canada All pities legaleied lull-time ot part-time at any accredited Unique, personal reasons. will be awarded Only one prue per person Pruet Canadian University College oi Post -Secondary institu- Wild, crazy reasons. Maybe you must be accepted as awarded, no substitutions tion Employees ol TCIS. Its member companies and City/Town _ S. Selections at random wUI be made horn all entries all mates, its advertising and promotional Agencies, call up Mom every Groundhog received b« the sweepstakes judging oiganualion the independent judging organiialion and their irrrme- Postal _ Day. tell us! Code noon following We don't know. So by on the dales October 21. 1381, diaie families are not eligible This contest is subject IK EASE niNI) December 15. 1981 and the coolest closing dale, lo all Federal, Provincial' and Municipal laws Tel. No. (your own or where February 15. 1912 Entries not selected n the October S. "Quebec Resident 1 21 diaw will automatically He entered lor the Detcmbti All laies eligible under la Loi sut les loleries, les you can be reached) 15. Entries 1981 draw not selected in the December courses, les cancours publicrtaBes el les appareils 15. 1981 draw will automatically be entered lor the ImaJ d amusements have been paid. A complaint respecting draw. February 15. 1982 One car will be awarded in the administration ol this contest may be submitted each draw Chances ot winning are dependent upon lo the Regie pes toteries el courses du Quebec University Attending _

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Page 10: STUDENT, October 1981 Kolumneyka Nash Holos" (continued trom page 7)

Instead, I would argue that it is more to In the two years since "Nash Holos'' was conceptualized, there It takes more than the point to train vigorously in the ballet have been numerous difficulties which the show has had to while giving equal time to the character overcome. Apart from logistical problems, the greatest obstacles barre, as it incorporates international have been in terms of group development. Working cohesively as a styles (emphasizing group is always difficult, for theory to start the distinctions and many "Nash Holos" saffers it was a between forms) at the same time it first-time experience with collective effort. Disagreements over reinforces good habits in body carriage, content also sometimes arose. Dan, being from Montreal, naturally practice. plies, tendues, turning and jumping, wanted features stemming from that centre, but most of ^the locally- a would even go as far as to say that one based staff felt that many such items wouldn"t be of interest to our could do better cossack dances under listeners and violated our commitment to local programming. Dan YOU CAN BENEFIT the direction of a good Ukrainian countered, with justification, that there were many periods in choreographer working with the Ballet Ottawa when nothing was happening in the Ukrainian community FROM OUR FULL RANGE Trocaderos, than under any aerobic jazz and that it was necessary to somehow fill teh gaps in teh program. buff. At least a Trocadero dancer knows A related probleh concerned our relationship with the Ottawa OF FINANCIAL SERVICES. that he is performing the role of a USC. Some members of the USC, including 1980-81 President classical female dancer and could easily Nestor Woychyshyn, felt that there should be a close, formalized be retrained to play another role since he agreement between the club and the radio show, with elected already has good command of the officials being held accountable to the organization. Most but not basics. all of the "Nash Holos" staff disagreed with this line of thought. We Finally, it is important to remember felt that we should be accountable only to ourselves and be allowed that we don't have to do ballet in to run our own internal affairs. Besides, we were constantly trying Ukrainian costumes for it to be con- to down-play our student image in order to attract outside sidered good Ukrainian dancing. The members. Eventually, a meeting was arranged between the "Nash

so-called, "go for it ... get down ... Holos" staff and the USC executive, with Ivan Jaworsky acting as slamming your bod into unnatural mediator. He didn't have much success in solving the problem, dId positions" psychology, is exactly what is however, and the issue remains unresolved. burning out the young dancers of today. As "Nash Holos" begins its third year of existence, the major HERITAGE TRUST It also forces our choreographers to concern seems to be the need to achieve greater stability. The create numbers that "flash" the audience show has to become institutionalized rather than being dependent 10126 - 101 St, EDMONTON on a of individuals. TELEPHONE 429-6656 with a series of all-too-repetitive particular group Because "Nash Holos" is run # 192 KINGSWAY GARDEN MALL. EDMONTON patterns of high energy waste. I'm'not by students, there are problems of keeping a steady membership TELEPHONE 4744471 saying that choreographers shouldn't even for a twelve-month period; therefore, other segments of the 319 - 8th AVENUE. S.W. CALGARY experiment, but they shouldn't over- local Ukrainian community have to somehow be involved. TELEPHONE 266-4415 simplify art either. They should learn the This autumn, for the first time, the show will be without its technique of strengthening the form initiator, Dan Maceluch, who has decided to continue his study of with ballet, taking the time to study the journalism at Concordia University in Montreal. In addition to dance composition they are about to working on . the Ukrainian community newspaper in that city, create and teaching the dancer to put the Dan will also be hosting his own radio program on CRSG (Radio Sir

right feeling into the dance. However, George Williams), available in Montreal on Cable 89.1 . Clearly the durability this is only possible if the dancer has no of the "Nash Holos" idea will be tested in the coming worries about his or her technique, so year. that their body can act freely in inter- Those of us who have remained behind are optimistic that we preting the images put forth by 'the will be able to go on without Dan. After all, we have already put choreographer together numerous excellent shows without his expertise. It remains to be seen, however, if the spirit necessary to sustain the "Nash Holos" will continue to exist in the crucial months ahead RET sends them (cont'd from page 8)

My first temptation is to ask why did they even bother? Surely there had to be more to it than making another guaranteed buck? Whatever the motivation, the end product is simply abysmal. do anniversary Why RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME FIVE (the special 10th limited edition, no less) has RET SENDS YA's nomination lor worst Ukrainian album of the year award. Actually, it's all rather sad. Any shred of credibility RUSHNYCHOK may have had prior to this album has jusl gone up in smoke From the ail-too obvious advertising pitch on the cover to VOLUME FIVE think the album's musical contents. RUSHNYCHOK you reeks of, dar I say, rip-off. All the patented RUSHNYCHOK ingredients are here: YEVHEN OSIDACZ's domineering accordion; ANDRIJ HARASYMOVYCH and YURU SZTYK's almost indistinguishable rhythm and bass guitar work; STEPHAN ANDRUSIAK's routine, unimaginative drumming, and of course, the RUSHNYCHOK trademark — overbearing and oft-disturbing vocal harmonies they're the over-use otan echo which cannot even be resurrected through chamber or reverb unit. Combine the preceding with a questionable selection of material for the album. Four songs — "Misiats zlron'ky", "Oi u haiu "Tysha navkruhy" — are lifted pry Dunaiu". " chervoni ", and from the eminently-successful TRIO MARENYCHI album. RUSHNYCHOK isn't the first band to borrow extensively from that but the group simply lacks the called'safes? source, nor will it be the last, of panache and vocal finesse to carry it off with any degree success What emerges instead is a painful butchering of some through several well- Condoms manufactured by [ulius Schmid am help keep you sale from very beautiful tunes. The band grinds its way narodni pisni including "Soloviu". "Oi khmeliu" (for the an unwanted pregnancy. When used properly they can help keep you sale trom the known umpteenth time), the old Ukrainian march "lak sontse zaslonyt", you sale horn side effects transmission of venereal disease. And they can keep and a rendition of "A kalyna ne verba" brimming with orgasmic associated with other forms of birth control. moaning and pitiful yelps, jfrom their never-diminishing stock of tunes the foursome comes up with the waltz "lak All [ulius Schmid condoms are electronically tested to assure dependability WESELOWSKY znaidesh ty kohos"' (zing go the strings of your heart) and and quality. So you'll be sale "Zrozumif ne mozhu dosi" (a song with a lyrical message about whose oil is a n§| Julius Schmid. school day love affairs that leaves you wondering "lak little short of the dipstick). All the sincerity of KYTASTY's The davno" is missing in RUSHNYCHOK's delivery of the tune only song displaying a semblance of creativity is YURU SZTYK's tango "Ne vynuj mene". a tune reminiscent of "Chy pryslukhatymeshsia do sertsia moho" which appeared on RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME THREE While the album stands up technically from the production end the packaging of VOLUME FIVE is commercially geared to capitalize on RUSHNYCHOK's longevity. The Iront cover is resplendent with before and after photos of the band. As for the splashed acrossthe "special 1 0th anniversary limited edition".pltch in jest. What Iront I'm left to wonder if my leg isn't being pulled exactly constitutes a limited edition? And if people shell out money for what through insinuation is purported to be a collector's item, don't they have the right to know what number in the series they've purchased ^ raOT er just forget this one. RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME FIVE is a dud. Unquestionably the band has made its mark on the Ukrainian North American music scene but after ten foi years perhaps it's time for RUSHNYCHOK to pack it in once and iFans ol all Better that than become a sad parody of oneself. RUSHNYCHOK may argue that the band's longevity attests to the progress in the success of its approach; that by making no musical purpose last decade RUSHNYCHOK remains true to its roots and That's the essential approach of the ROLLING STONES and arguments are they're still on top after almost twenty years. These from solid roots — all sound and RUSHNYCHOK admittedly draws Ukrainian folk music. But there's got to be more to musical quality pisnla and creativity than marketability and making a narodnia flogging of the danceable. Otherwise it amounts to just so much tirmwiti titsiAiW horse. . .-.- <..--:, . \ dead >.'i h ": «- proverbial On the RET SENDS YA FOUR STAR RATTING SCALE::: RUSHNYCHOK VOLUME FIVE scores*. NEXT ISSUE::: CHERVONA KALYNA. STUDENT, October 1981, Page 11 Return Requested

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