SIDISA 2012 Sustainable Technology for Environmental Protection

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SIDISA 2012 Sustainable Technology for Environmental Protection SIDISA 2012 Sustainable Technology for Environmental Protection International Symposium of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering 9TH EDITION Italian-Brazilian Symposium of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering 11TH EDITION Milan, Italy 26 – 29 June 2012 Edited by: Prof. L. Bonomo Prof. R. Canziani Prof. F. Malpei Prof. M. Grosso Prof. S. Saponaro SIDISA 2012 International Symposium of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Milan, Italy 26 – 29 June 2012 Organized by: ANDIS (Associazione Nazionale di Ingegneria Sanitaria Italian Association of Sanitary Engineering) In collaboration with: (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica, Ambientale, Infrastrutture Viarie, Rilevamento Dept. of Environmental, Hydraulic, Infrastructures and Surveying Engineering), Politecnico di Milano Organized by: ANDIS (Italian Association on Sanitary and Environmental Engineering) In collaboration with : DIIAR (Dept. of Environmental, Hydraulic, Infrastructures and Surveying Engineering), Environmental Engineering Section, Politecnico di Milano Supported by: ABES (Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental) Fondazione Cariplo IWA (International Water Association - Italian section) AIDIS (Inter-American Association of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering) MATER (Materials & Energy from Refuse) GITISA (Gruppo Italiano di Ingegneria Sanitaria Ambientale) Federazione delle Imprese Energetiche e Idriche Other Patronages: AIAT (Associazione Ingegneri per l’Ambiente e il Territorio) Consiglio Nazionale degli Ingegneri ENEP (European Network of Environmental Professionals) Federambiente (Federazione Italiana Servizi Pubblici Igiene Ambientale) IWWG (International Waste Working Group) Ordine degli Ingegneri della Provincia di Milano Rete Italiana LCA WTERT (Waste to Energy Research and Technology Council) Main Sponsors: Other Sponsors: Scientific Programme Committee Local Organising Committee Giorgio Assennato Luca Bonomo Pier Alberto Bertazzi Stefano Cernuschi Paolo Boitani Michele Giugliano Luca Bonomo (President) Costantino Nurizzo Giuseppe Bortone Renato Vismara Renato Boero Roberto Canziani Marco Castaldi Francesca Malpei Daniele Cazzuffi Arianna Azzellino Gianluca Cencia Manuela Antonelli Stefano Cernuschi Elena Ficara Thomas H. Christensen Mario Grosso Giuseppe d’Antonio Giovanni Lonati Glen Daigger Lucia Rigamonti Renato Drusiani Sabrina Saponaro Marco Frey Stefano Caserini Massimo Gabellini Elena Sezenna Antonio Carlos Gerardi Eleonora Perotto Fabio Iraldo Boran Kártal Helmut Kroiss Loredana Musmeci Rodolfo Napoli Eduardo Pacheco Jordão Maurizio Pettine Frank Raes Roberto Ramadori Paolo Romano Cassilda Teixeira de Carvalho Giordano Urbini Federico Vagliasindi PierGiorgio Vigliani Hrissi K. Karapanagioti David Werner General index Please note: Only the name of the first author (or speaker) is written in the fol- lowing programme. The names of the other co-authors are written in the full abstract form. General Index ORAL COMMUNICATIONS Index of sessions p. 3 Abstracts p. 16 POSTERS Index of title p. 154 Abstracts p. 160 LIST OF AUTHORS AND CO-AUTHORS p. 215 Index of sessions PLENARY SESSION - Sustainable Technology for Environmental Protection p. 16 FUTURE TRENDS AND NEEDS IN THE WATER AND URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT SECTOR [ID 1168] - DAIGGER G.T. MEETING THE CHALLENGE: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION [ID 1444] - RAES F. SOIL AND GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION: THE STATE OF THE ART IN ITALY IN A EUROPAN CONTEXT [ID 1071] - CARERE M. INTEGRATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES [ID 1417] - CHRISTENSEN T.H. International CONFERENCE ON: “Material and energy recovery from waste: searching for optimum integration” Organised with MatER (Material & Energy from Refuse) research center p. 17 MASS BALANCE: THE KEY FOR THE EVALUATION OF MODERN WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES [ID 1451] - COSSU R. WTE TECHNOLOGY AND THE GLOBAL WTERT COUNCIL [ID 1418] - THEMELIS N.J. ASSESSING MATERIAL RECYCLING ACTIVITIES: CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES [ID 1442] - GROSSO M. PYROLYSIS AS A STEP FOR METAL RECOVERY FROM COMPOSITE WASTE MATERIALS [ID 1194] - QUICKER P.G. CLOSING THE RECYCLING LOOP WITH ADVANCED ALUMINIUM RECOVERY FROM INCINERATION BOTTOM ASHES [ID 1441] - PRUVOST F. FROM COMPOSTING TO ANAEROBIC DIGESTION [ID 1419] - ADANI F. ASSESSING THE PERFORMANCES OF ENERGY RECOVERY FROM WASTE [ID 1408] - VIGANO’ F. ENERGY RECOVERY FROM WASTE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL: A WORLDWIDE OUTLOOK [ID 1443] - BUEKENS A. WASTE TO ENERGY AS A KEY COMPONENT IN INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT [ID 1207] - MANDERS J. GASIFICATION OF WASTES FOR ENERGY AND MATERIAL RECOVERY [ID 1232] - ARENA U. Advanced applications for material and energy recovery from waste Presentations from industrial Companies p. 23 REVAMPING OF A TRADITIONAL COMPOSTING PLANT INTO AN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PLANT. THE CASE HISTORY OF ALBAIRATE (MILAN, ITALY) [ID 1229] - FURLAN D. MATERIALS RECOVERY FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE [ID 1414] - NAVAROTTO P. 3 INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS IMPLEMENTED IN SALERNO WASTE TO ENERGY PROJECT, WTE ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON WITH OTHER POWER TECHNOLOGIES [ID 885] - ZANNIER S. UPGRADE OF MSWI WITH GORE DENOX CATALYTIC FILTER FOR MEETING STRINGENT EMISSION REQUIREMENTS ON NOX, NH3 AND DUST [ID 865] - EBERT J. SESSION WATER - Water Quality p. 25 REMOVAL OF TRACE-LEVEL CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN FROM WASTEWATER: COMPARISON OF ONLINE MONITORING OPTIONS [ID 909] - KORSHIN G. FIRST FLUSH STORAGE TANKS OF TRANSIT OR CAPTURE KIND IN RUNOFF NETWORKS COLLECTING MULTIPLE SUBCATCHMENTS [ID 920] - SANFILIPPO U. HIGHWAY STORMWATER RUNOFF [ID 925] - MONTANARO C. EVALUATION OF EUTROPHICATION AND CARRYING CAPACITY OF PHOSPHORUS IN RESERVOIRS IN THE SEMIARID REGION, NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL. [ID 863] - MATTOS A. META-MODELING OF A PHYSICALLY-BASED MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE NUTRIENT LOAD DISCHARGED TO THE VENICE LAGOON. [ID 1129] - SALVETTI R. APPLICATION OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE SUSTAINABLE PLANNING OF RIO POJUCA BASIN (BAHIA, BRAZIL) WATER RESOURCES [ID 995] - RABONI M. HYDROGEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT TO SUPPORT DECISION ABOUT THE QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY IN SERRA DAS AREIAS, IN APARECIDA DE GOIÂNIA, GOIÁS-BRAZIL [ID 907] - NARCISO M.G. AN ECOHYDROLOGICAL MODEL OF CHOLERA DYNAMICS [ID 996] - MARI L. MULTIREGRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE KINETIC CONSTANTS IN EPHEMERAL RIVERS: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ORETO RIVER [ID 987] - MANNINA G. THE LAMBRO-SEVESO-OLONA SYSTEM CASE STUDY: ECOLOGICAL QUALITY STANDARDS, SOCIAL AND ECOSYSTEM COSTS OF A HEAVILY MODIFIED WATER BODY (HMWB). [ID 1130] - AZZELLINO A. WASTEWATER FINISHING BY FACULTATIVE LAGOONS OPEN TO TIDAL FLOW: FIELD EXPERIENCES IN THE INTERNAL SYSTEM OF CHANNELS AT CESENATICO (FC) [ID 890] - MANCINI M.L. MONITORING AND MODELING THE WATER QUALITY IN A PERI-URBAN WATERSHED [ID 945] - GOMES L. SESSION SOIL - Remediation of Contaminated Sites p. 33 TRIAD APPROACH IN ITALY [ID 967] - FALCONI M. SOIL SALINIZATION ASSESSMENT ON IRAQ USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY [ID 970] - TEGGI S. 4 FORENSIC ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING: A PROPOSAL OF NEW PROCEDURES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MONITORING OF CONTAMINATED SITES [ID 1119] - LEGA M. ASBESTOS RISK ANALYSIS: ITALIAN PROCEDURE [ID 883] - PAGLIETTI F. MODELING MOBILIZATION OF HEAVY METALS BY CHELATING AGENTS IN UNSATURATED SOILS [ID 1001] - ANTONUCCI A. REUSE AND DISPOSAL OF EDDS SOLUTION AFTER CHEMICAL WSHING OF CONTAMINATED SITES [ID 802] - FABBRICINO M. POPLARS AS A TOOL FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF A METAL CONTAMINATED SOIL [ID 972] - COLZI I. LAB-SCALE TREATMENT OF TPHS CONTAMINATED SOIL WASHING RESIDUES BY WET OXIDATION [ID 1108] - VACCARI M. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELIABILITY OF COLUMN TESTS FOR THE DESIGN OF PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS [ID 1121] - CALABRO’ P.S. COMBINED USE OF REACTIVE BARRIER AND ELECTROKINETICS FOR REMEDIATION OF Cr CONTAMINATED SOIL [ID 892] - MUNTONI A. SESSION SOIL - Remediation of Contaminated Sites p. 39 TOWARDS A NATIONAL PROTOCOL FOR THE APPLICATION OF IN-SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION [ID 1076] - BACIOCCHI R. REMEDIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUND CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER USING CHEMICAL OXIDATION BY SODIUM PERSULPHATE [ID 888] - SBAFFONI S. ISCO - INNOVATIVE RECLAMATION TECNOLOGY FOR CHALLENGING SITES [ID 1085] - PIEPOLI G. IDENTIFICATION OF A LOW COST AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUITABLE STRATEGY FOR SEDIMENTS MANAGEMENT IN SMALL HARBORS – THE COAST-BEST PROJECT [ID 998] - POMI R. INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR IN-SITU REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED MARINE SEDIMENTS [ID 960] - GORI M. SESSION WATER - Modelling, Monitoring and Process Control p. 42 MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS FOR OPERATIONAL COSTS MINIMIZATION [ID 1126] - CAFFAZ S. SIGNAL MONITORING TOWARD AN INTELLIGENT MANAGEMENT AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS [ID 1093] - LUCCARINI L. A NUMERICAL STUDY OF A WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM INTEGRATING SUSPENDED AND ATTACHED BIOMASSES IN A MODIFIED BAS REACTOR [ID 992] - LUCIANO A. INFLUENCE OF OPERATIVE CONDITIONS IN A HYBRID ACTIVATED SLUDGE/BIOFILM PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER IN A COLD CLIMATE REGION: A CASE STUDY [ID 977] - DI TRAPANI D. MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE ANAMMOX PROCESS IN MULTISPECIES BIOFILMS [ID 1118] - MATTEI M.R. 5 SESSION WATER - Nutrient Removal p. 46 IMPROVEMENT OF NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A LARGE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT [ID 917] - GENON G. FEASIBILITY OF SWINE MANURE DIGESTION EFFLUENT TREATMENT BY ANAMMOX GRANULAR GASLIFT REACTOR [ID 1084] - CORDOLA M. NITRIFICATION DENITRIFICATION VIA NITRITE IN A PILOT-SCALE SBR TREATING THE LIQUID FRACTION OF CO-DIGESTED PIGGERY/POULTRY
Recommended publications
  • Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities
    Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities EPA 832-R-10-005 SEPTEMBER 2010 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wastewater Management 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20460 EPA 832‐R‐10‐005 September 2010 Cover photo: Bucklin Point WWTF, MA. Photo courtesy of Narragansett Bay Commission. Cover insert photos (left to right): High Speed Magnetic Bearing Turbo Blower at the De Pere WTF, WI. Photo courtesy of Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District. Oxidation Ditch with Aeration Rotor at the City of Bartlett WWTP #1, TN. Photo courtesy of City of Bartlett Wastewater Division. Variable Outlet Vane Diffuser. Photo courtesy of Turblex, Inc. Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures ii September 2010 Preface The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting the nation’s land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of environmental laws, the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a balance between human activities and the ability of ecosystems to support and sustain life. To meet this mandate, the Office of Wastewater Management (OWM) provides information and technical support to help solve environmental problems today and to build the knowledge base necessary to protect public health and the environment well into the future. This document was prepared under contract to EPA, by The Cadmus Group. The document provides information on current state‐of‐development as of the publication date; however, it is expected that this document will be revised periodically to reflect advances in this rapidly evolving area. Except as noted, information, interviews, and data development were conducted by the contractor.
    [Show full text]
  • EEPO Presentation April 2015
    Energy Efficiency and Process Optimization to Save Money April 28, 2015 April 29, 2015 City of Surprise Town of Gilbert 11401 N. 136th Avenue 900 E. Juniper Avenue Surprise, AZ 85379 Gilbert, AZ 85234 Preface • Welcome • Agenda • Speakers 2 Preface • Welcome • State of the Industry • Agenda • Synergies with Electric Utilities • Speakers • Energy Billing and Demand Management • Energy Management Opportunities • Energy Management Program Development 3 Preface • Welcome • Agenda 1400 E. Southern Avenue Suite 650 • Speakers Tempe, AZ 85282 (480) 436-7959 4 Preface WATER REUSE • Welcome Prov iding sustainable solutions using technology and processes to max imize w ater resources and reduce • Agenda energy footprint • Speakers 5 Speakers Eric Dole, PE Bryan Lisk, PE, CEM Doug Kobrick, PE Curt Courter, PE 6 Thank You! 7 Housekeeping • Please mute all phones • Refreshments • Restrooms • Q&A • PDHs 8 Energy Management “State of the Industry” Energy Management is more than “Energy Efficiency” Energy Recovery Demand Management Alternative Energy Energy Procurement Nutrient Recovery Process Optimization “Beyond the Plant Fence Line” • View energy in a broad context • More than plant optimization • Multiple synergies with other industries Goal of "Energy Neutrality” • Becoming a common goal in wastewater industry. • View Energy Neutrality as more than “no purchased power bill”. Focus on Resource Recovery • Electric Energy • Biofuels Biogas Utilization • Thermal Energy (Heat) • Kinetic Energy (Hydro Energy) • Nutrients Nutrient Recovery Renewable Energy
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Examining the Role of Nuclear Fusion in a Renewables-Based Energy Mix
    Re-examining the Role of Nuclear Fusion in a Renewables-Based Energy Mix T. E. G. Nicholasa,∗, T. P. Davisb, F. Federicia, J. E. Lelandc, B. S. Patela, C. Vincentd, S. H. Warda a York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK b Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH c Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK d Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LS, UK Abstract Fusion energy is often regarded as a long-term solution to the world's energy needs. However, even after solving the critical research challenges, engineer- ing and materials science will still impose significant constraints on the char- acteristics of a fusion power plant. Meanwhile, the global energy grid must transition to low-carbon sources by 2050 to prevent the worst effects of climate change. We review three factors affecting fusion's future trajectory: (1) the sig- nificant drop in the price of renewable energy, (2) the intermittency of renewable sources and implications for future energy grids, and (3) the recent proposition of intermediate-level nuclear waste as a product of fusion. Within the scenario assumed by our premises, we find that while there remains a clear motivation to develop fusion power plants, this motivation is likely weakened by the time they become available. We also conclude that most current fusion reactor designs do not take these factors into account and, to increase market penetration, fu- sion research should consider relaxed nuclear waste design criteria, raw material availability constraints and load-following designs with pulsed operation.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Nuclear Reactor Development
    THREE-AGENCE STUDY IAEA INNOVATIVE NUCLEAR REACTOR DEVELOPMENT Opportunities for International Co-operation Profil couleur : Generic CMYK printer profile - None Composite Trame par dØfaut INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY 9, rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris, cedex 15, France The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) was established on 1st February 1958 under the name The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an of the OEEC European Nuclear Energy Agency. It autonomous body which was established in received its present designation on 20th April November 1974 within the framework of the 1972, when Japan became its first non-European Organisation for Economic Co-operation and full Member. NEA membership today consists of Development (OECD) to implement an inter- 28 OECD Member countries: Australia, Austria, national energy programme. Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, It carries out a comprehensive programme of Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, energy co-operation among twenty-six* of the Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, OECD’s thirty Member countries. The basic aims of the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Republic of the IEA are: Korea, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. • to maintain and improve systems for coping The Commission of the European Communities also with oil supply disruptions; takes part in the work of the Agency. • to promote rational energy policies in a global The mission of the NEA is: context through co-operative relations
    [Show full text]
  • 2010-2 Mukwonago January
    n Was nsi tew co a is te r W W O W p . e O c r n a A I to , rs ion ’ Associat n Was nsi tew co a is te r W W O W p . e O c r n a A I to , rs ion ’ Associat n Was VOL. 184, FEBRUARY 2010 nsi tew co a is te r W W O W INSIDE THIS ISSUE p . e O c r n a A I • Feature treatment plant / Page 3 to , rs ion ’ Associat • Brain teasers / Page 21 • Annual Golf event announcement / Page 25 • Item for sale / Page 29 WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS’ ASSOCIATION, INC. 2010 Annual Conference: Kalahari Resort, Wisconsin Dells October, 2010 Visit us Online: www.wwoa.org VOL. 184, FEBRUARY 2010 WISCONSIN WASTEWATER OPERATORS’ ASSOCIATION, INC. I know many of you serve your local communities in many President’s Message different ways beyond running the wastewater treatment I certainly hope that plant. You get involved in everything from snow plowing everyone had an enjoyable to garbage pick up to fire fighting to whatever else is tossed Holiday Season and was your way. Please remember to be safe when wearing these able to spend some quality many different hats you are requested to wear. I am sure time with family and most of you have heard about the explosion involving a friends. Reality seems to set dumpster fire not very far from the Green Bay area where in for me after the holidays one of the firefighters was fatally injured. I personally as the outside decorations know one of the persons involved in that tragedy and he get turned off (I personally was “lucky” to get out of there with only minor injuries, wait for warmer weather although the explosion did toss him around a bit.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System Eunyoung Lee University of South Florida, [email protected]
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School June 2017 Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System Eunyoung Lee University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Environmental Engineering Commons, Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Scholar Commons Citation Lee, Eunyoung, "Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6885 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Carbon and Nutrient Balances in Microalgal Bioenergy System by Eunyoung Lee A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering College of Engineering University of South Florida Major Professor: Qiong Zhang, Ph.D. James R. Mihelcic, Ph.D. Sarina Ergas, Ph.D. Babu Joseph, Ph.D. John Jermier, Ph.D. Date of Approval: June 21, 2017 Keywords: Microalgae, Biofuel, Wastewater, Life cycle assessment, Kinetic model Copyright © 2017, Eunyoung Lee DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Gunjung Lee and Yunja Jin, and my fiancé, Youngwoon Kim, for their tremendous love and supports throughout the years of my Ph.D. study. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Qiong Zhang for her guidance, support, and mentorship throughout my time at USF.
    [Show full text]
  • Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Using Anaerobic Baffled Bioreactor
    Cent. Eur. J. Eng. • 3(3) • 2013 • 389-399 DOI: 10.2478/s13531-013-0107-8 Central European Journal of Engineering Anaerobic wastewater treatment using anaerobic baffled bioreactor: a review Review Article Siti Roshayu Hassan1, Irvan Dahlan2∗ 1 School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2 School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Received 31 December 2012; accepted 16 June 2013 Abstract: Anaerobic wastewater treatment is receiving renewed interest because it offers a means to treat wastewater with lower energy investment. Because the microorganisms involved grow more slowly, such systems require clever design so that the microbes have sufficient time with the substrate to complete treatment without requiring enormous reactor volumes. The anaerobic baffled reactor has inherent advantages over single compartment reactors due to its circulation pattern that approaches a plug flow reactor. The physical configuration of the anaerobic baffled reactor enables significant modifications to be made; resulting in a reactor which is proficient of treating complex wastewaters which presently require only one unit, ultimately significant reducing capital costs. This paper also concerns about mechanism, kinetic and hydrodynamic studies of anaerobic digestion for future application of the anaerobic baffled reactor for wastewater treatment. Keywords: Anaerobic baffled reactor • Anaerobic digestion • Industrial wastewater • Wastewater treatment • Mechanism; Microorganisms © Versita sp. z o.o. 1. Background wastewater treatment has gain increasing attention. It has several advantages that have attracted many researchers such as design simplicity, use of non-sophisticated equip- ment, low excess sludge production, high treatment effi- With the rapid development and escalating crisis of wa- ciency and low capital and operating costs [1].
    [Show full text]
  • System Studies of Fission-Fusion Hybrid Molten Salt Reactors
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2013 SYSTEM STUDIES OF FISSION-FUSION HYBRID MOLTEN SALT REACTORS Robert D. Woolley University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Nuclear Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Woolley, Robert D., "SYSTEM STUDIES OF FISSION-FUSION HYBRID MOLTEN SALT REACTORS. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/2628 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Robert D. Woolley entitled "SYSTEM STUDIES OF FISSION-FUSION HYBRID MOLTEN SALT REACTORS." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Nuclear Engineering. Laurence F. Miller, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Ronald E. Pevey, Arthur E. Ruggles, Robert M. Counce Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) SYSTEM STUDIES OF FISSION-FUSION HYBRID MOLTEN SALT REACTORS A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Robert D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fusion-Fission Hybrid As an Alternative to the Fast Breeder Reactor
    LA-8503-MS Informal Report UC-80 Issued: September 1980 The Fusion-Fission Hybrid As an Alternative to the Fast Breeder Reactor R. J. Barrett R. W. Hardie s^nrfceuun: L-v jn agen. •,- t-t -*ie Umte Ni.-ilhcr th« UnnwJ Strfte Govern men r jfly jgoncy I r dfK o* T>eit e nws ot an awntrwcMl product, (iro 7fdl*-nw 1 ol dutliOri put Un imJ Si-iles Govi rV CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1 I. INTRODUCTION 1 I1. CONCLUS IONS 3 III. DESCRIPTION AND MODELING OF FUEL CYCLE SYSTEMS 3 A. Fusion-Fission Hybrid Fuel Cycle 3 B. Classical Fast Breeder Reactor Cycle 9 C. Systems Integration Model 10 IV. ENERGY ANALYSIS 10 V. ECONOMICS 13 A. Introduction 13 B. Methodol ogy 14 C. Economics Data Base 15 D. Results 16 VI. TECHNOLOGICAL EVALUATION 21 A. Technological Uncertainties 21 B. Performance Parameters 22 VII. INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES 25 A. Proliferation 25 1. Proliferation Risks 26 2. Proliferation Barriers 26 3. Routes to Proliferation 28 4. Results 28 B. Health, Safety, and the Environment 29 1. Resource Requirements 30 2. Chemical Toxicants 31 3. Radiological Hazards 31 4. Summary 32 C. Commerc i al i zat i on 33 1. Research, Development, and Demonstration 33 2. Marketing the Technologies 34 3. Operation of the Reactors 34 4. Nuclear Facility Licensing 35 5. Public Acceptance 35 6. Summary 36 REFERENCES 36 IV THE FUSION-FISSION HYBRID AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE FAST BREEDER REACTOR by R. J. Barrett and R. W. Mardie ABSTRACT This report compares the fusion-fission hybrid on the piutonium cycle with the classical fast breeder reactor (FBR) cycle as a long-term nuclear energy source.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of the Hybrid Sewage Treatment Plant's Exploitation on Its
    sustainability Article Influence of the Hybrid Sewage Treatment Plant’s Exploitation on Its Operation Effectiveness in Rural Areas Andrzej Wał˛ega,Krzysztof Chmielowski and Dariusz Mły ´nski* Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; [email protected] (A.W.); [email protected] (K.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-12-662-4041 Received: 9 July 2018; Accepted: 30 July 2018; Published: 1 August 2018 Abstract: The article evaluates the effectiveness of the removal of organic pollutants—nitrogen and phosphorus—from household sewage in a hybrid bioreactor with a submerged fixed bed. The experiment was carried out in two exploitation variants that were both conducted in a laboratory model of the hybrid bioreactor: (I) cycles of 120 min of aeration and 60 min of no aeration with a constant sewage dosage, and (II) cycles 60 min of aeration and 60 min of no aeration, with a periodic sewage dosage in the no-aeration phase. The experiment was carried out on real sewage primarily treated in a septic tank. The amount of pollution removal was calculated and compared with the mandatory standards according to Polish law. Moreover, the susceptibility of the sewage to the biological treatment, nitrification, and denitrification activity was determined. The research shows a higher effectiveness for the 60/60 model in comparison to the 120/60 model. High operation efficiency was observed regarding the removal of organic pollution and nitrate nitrogen. The tested structure showed very low nitrification activity combined with intense denitrification.
    [Show full text]
  • Treatment of Sago Wastewater Using Hybrid Anaerobic Reactor
    Water Qual. Res. J. Canada, 2006 • Volume 41, No. 1, 56–62 Copyright © 2006, CAWQ Treatment of Sago Wastewater Using Hybrid Anaerobic Reactor J. Rajesh Banu,1 Sudalyandi Kaliappan1* and Dieter Beck2 1Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), Anna University, Chennai – 600025, Tamilnadu State, India 2Indo-German Project, Centre for Environmental Studies, Freiheits Str. 195, 42853 Remscheid, Germany Sago, tapioca starch, is manufactured by over 800 small-scale units located in the Salem district of the State of Tamilnadu, South India. These units generate large quantities of high-strength wastewater requiring elaborate treatment prior to dis- posal. The present study is an attempt to treat the sago wastewater using a hybrid reactor, which combines the advantages of both fixed-film and up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket systems. A hybrid reactor with a volume of 5.9 L was operated at organic loading rates varying from 10.4 to 24.6 kg COD/m3d. After 120 d of start-up, an appreciable decrease in COD and efficient removal of solids were evident. The COD removal varied from 91 to 83%. While the removal of total solids was in the range of 56 to 63%, that of volatile solids varied from 67 to 72%. The methane production during the study period was in the range of 0.11 to 0.14 L CH4/g COD-d and the percentage was from 55 to 67%. The ideal organic loading rate (OLR) was determined on the basis of tolerance of the reactor towards higher organic loading rate and it was found to be 23.4 kg COD/m3d.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Sewage Treatment Plants
    Electric Use at Pennsylvania Sewage Treatment Plants March 2011 Table of Contents Page Number Introduction …………………………………………………………………..…... 3 WWTP Efficiency Baseline Calculator.......................................................... 6 Hydraulic & Organic Loading ………………………………………………….. 10 Aeration Systems …………………………………...……………………………13 Now What? The Next Steps.……………………………..………………..….. 17 Appendices Appendix A: Survey Data Appendix B: WWTP Energy Use Survey Appendix C: Manual WWTP Efficiency Baseline Calculator Appendix D: Resources Acknowledgements: Thanks to those who provided information for this report. 2 This report provides wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operators and managers with the tools to evaluate and reduce electric consumption while improving operation and efficiency of treatment plants. Included are instructions to calculate and compare plant electric efficiency values as well as an overview of various attributes of Commonwealth WWTPs. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (Department) requested information from Pennsylvania WWTPs in conjunction with energy management training classes developed and presented by the Department. The WWTP Energy Use Survey form1 (Survey) was used to collect specific information such as treatment type and unit processes, design and actual loadings, effluent limits and electric use and costs. The fundamental objective of the data collection effort was to establish electric use benchmarks for WWTPs in Pennsylvania. An energy use benchmark is a valuable tool to track energy performance, target specific energy efficiency upgrades and evaluate the success of energy efficiency projects. Survey forms were received from 133 plants representing 12% of the approximate 1,123 municipal WWTPs in the state. WWTPs that returned the survey have a combined total of 635 MGD design flow and 445 MGD reported flow and total design organic loading of 1,004,448 lb/day BOD and reported total BOD loading of 512,344 lb/day.
    [Show full text]