Recommendation of the Executive Director and Assessment of Cultural Heritage Significance Under Part 3, Division 3 of the Heritage Act 2017

Recommendation of the Executive Director and assessment of cultural heritage significance under Part 3, Division 3 of the Heritage Act 2017

Name Petersville Factory Administration Building Location 254–294 Wellington Road, Mulgrave, City of Monash Provisional VHR Number PROV VHR H2394 Provisional VHR Category Registered Place Hermes Number 200646 Existing Heritage Overlay City of Monash, HO86 (Individual) (over a smaller area).

Petersville Factory Administration Building, April 2019

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR RECOMMENDATION TO THE HERITAGE COUNCIL: That the Petersville Factory Administration Building be included as a Registered Place in the Victorian Heritage Register under the Heritage Act 2017 [Section 37(1)(a)].

STEVEN AVERY Executive Director Recommendation Date: 9 May 2019 Advertising Period: Monday 20 May 2019 – Thursday 18 July 2019

This recommendation report has been issued by the Executive Director, Heritage Victoria under s.37 of the Heritage Act 2017. It has not been considered or endorsed by the Heritage Council of Victoria.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

EXTENT OF NOMINATION Date that the nomination was accepted by the Executive Director 4 May 2017

Written extent of nomination All of the building marked B1 Petersville Factory Administration Building, and land from the front boundary on Wellington Road, to 20m each side of B1 and to the rear 10m behind the attached rear wing.

Is the extent of nomination the same as the recommended extent? Yes.

Interim Protection Order (IPO) On 18 April 2019, an IPO was issued in relation to Petersville Factory Administration Building by the Executive Director. Under s.149 of the Heritage Act 2017, the Executive Director must make a recommendation under Part 3 to include or not include this place in the Victorian Heritage Register within 60 days after the IPO was issued. The extent of the IPO covers all the area in the nominated extent.

Is the extent of nomination the same as the IPO extent? Yes.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

RECOMMENDED REGISTRATION All of the place shown hatched on Diagram 2394 encompassing all of Lot RES1 on Plan of Subdivision 735811, and parts of Lot 3, Lot S3 and Lot R1 on Plan of Subdivision 735811.

The recommended extent of registration of the Petersville Factory Administration Building in the Victorian Heritage Register affects the whole place shown on Diagram H2394 including the land, building (exterior and interior), driveway, paths, trees and other landscape elements. The registration also includes all fixtures and fittings attached to the building at the time of registration.

RATIONALE FOR EXTENT The recommended extent for the Petersville Factory Administration Building includes all of the 1960s building, including the double-storey Administration Wing, attached single-storey Office Wing and Staff Amenities Wing to the rear. It includes land extending towards Wellington Road on the north side, and land to the east, west and south sides. This curtilage is recommended to maintain the landscape setting of the building and to protect key public views of the building from Wellington Road. It includes landscape features such as paths and established trees. Sufficient land and built elements have been included to protect and understand the cultural heritage values of the place.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

AERIAL PHOTO OF THE PLACE SHOWING PROPOSED REGISTRATION

Administration Wing.

Office Wing.

Former gatehouse

Demountable buildings

Staff Amenities Wing

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

BACKGROUND WHAT IS AT THE PLACE? The Petersville Factory Administration Building is located at 254–294 Wellington Road, Mulgrave. It comprises a double-storey brick Administration Wing, attached single-storey Office Wing and Staff Amenities Wing to the rear. The three wings form an asymmetrical H-plan. The Petersville Factory Administration Building has a generous set back from Wellington Road and is sited in front of modern manufacturing facilities that lie further to the south. The building is a freestanding element within a landscape setting that includes lawn, a row of flagpoles, paths and mature plantings. A curved asphalt driveway leads to the main public entrance. The Administration Wing’s arresting design, incorporating a full-length decorative screen and wave-form roof, presents a distinctive and highly visible street frontage. The interior of the Administration Wing has a double-height entry foyer that includes a floating staircase, terrazzo flooring, mezzanine gallery and timber-lined ceiling that reflects the wave-form roof shape. Office space lies to either side of the foyer on both levels. The Administration Wing connects to the Office Wing which is accessed via double doors in the south side of the foyer. The Office Wing contains secondary office spaces accessed via a central corridor. The attached Staff Amenities Wing, which includes the former canteen, lies to the rear. Grassed areas with mature plantings fill the spaces between the wings.

WHAT IS THE HISTORY OF THE PLACE? The Petersville Factory Administration Building was constructed as part of a large manufacturing complex built in 1962–63 for leading food manufacturers Peters Ice Cream (Vic) Ltd (later Petersville Australia Ltd). The company developed the Mulgrave site, which became known as Petersville, to replace the Richmond premises that it had occupied since 1936. During the early 1960s Peters Ice Cream had rapidly expanded to incorporate brands such as Four’n Twenty Pies, Edgell and Birdseye. Designed by the architectural office of D Graeme Lumsden, the new complex included offices, amenities and extensive production areas. In 1998, under the ownership of Nestle, the production areas of the site were substantially updated. The Petersville Factory Administration Building was utilised until 2016 before Peters staff moved to a new administration building elsewhere on the site. Production of Peters products continues to take place elsewhere on site in the new facilities. The Petersville Factory Administration Building is currently vacant.

WHO ARE THE TRADITIONAL OWNERS/REGISTERED ABORIGINAL PARTY(IES) FOR THIS PLACE? This place is part of the traditional land of the Kulin nation. The Aboriginal Victoria website states that Traditional Owners have not been formally recognised for this area. There is no Registered Aboriginal Party for the place.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE WHAT IS SIGNIFICANT? The Petersville Factory Administration Building (exterior and interiors). The setting of the building, with its generous setback from Wellington Road, curved driveway and surrounding landscape are also significant. Significant interiors include the Administration Wing’s entry foyer and mezzanine gallery and their original elements including timber-lined ceiling, striped terrazzo flooring, timber panelled walls and floating staircase. The attached single-storey Office and Staff Amenities Wings are of contributory significance. The demountable buildings to the south east are not significant. The former gatehouse to the south west is not significant.

HOW IS IT SIGNIFICANT? The Petersville Factory Administration Building is of historical and architectural significance to the State of Victoria. It satisfies the following criterion for inclusion in the Victorian Heritage Register:

Criterion A Importance to the course, or pattern, of Victoria’s cultural history. Criterion D Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural places and objects.

WHY IS IT SIGNIFICANT? The Petersville Factory Administration Building is significant at the State level for the following reasons:

The Petersville Factory Administration Building is historically significant for its association with the growth of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s and the spread of manufacturing to the suburbs. The association is evident in the building’s overall form, with architecturally distinctive street frontage and more utilitarian buildings to the rear. The Administration Wing was designed to both announce an extensive manufacturing complex and reflect the corporate identity of Peters Ice Cream – a major food manufacturer. Its prominent siting alongside a major road, landscape setting and distinctive design features denote the growth and prestige of large manufacturers during the era. The rear wings contribute to an understanding of the size and requirements of workforces at a time when factories were relocating to new locations which were further from workers’ homes. [Criterion A]

The Petersville Factory Administration Building is architecturally significant as a notable example of a post-war factory administration building. It displays a range of characteristics that are typical of the class, including architecturally distinctive street frontage and more utilitarian buildings to the rear. The design of the Administration Wing incorporates both standard Modernist principles and more distinctive and decorative elements. Its unusual wave-form roof, full-length decorative screen, and prominent position alongside a major road, reflect the ‘façade as billboard’ approach to the design of factory administration buildings in the era. [Criterion D]

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

RECOMMENDATION REASONS

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDING INCLUSION IN THE VICTORIAN HERITAGE REGISTER [s.40] Following is the Executive Director's assessment of the place against the tests set out in The Victorian Heritage Register Criteria and Thresholds Guidelines (2014).

CRITERION A Importance to the course, or pattern, of Victoria’s cultural history.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION A The place/object has a CLEAR ASSOCIATION with an event, phase, period, process, function, movement, custom or way of life in Victoria’s cultural history. Plus The association of the place/object to the event, phase, etc IS EVIDENT in the physical fabric of the place/object and/or in documentary resources or oral history. Plus The EVENT, PHASE, etc is of HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE, having made a strong or influential contribution to Victoria.

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building is a post-war factory administration building. It has a clear association with the development of manufacturing in Victoria in the 1950s and 1960s. This phase of development is of historical importance, having made a strong and influential contribution to the development of Victoria.

Administration Wing This phase of development is evident in the physical fabric of the Administration Wing. A feature of the phase was the construction of visually bold, often architect designed, administration buildings in prominent positions at the front of new manufacturing complexes. The association with the development of manufacturing in Victoria in the 1950s and 1960s is evident in the Administration Wing’s prominent siting and distinctive design elements (including wave-form roof and full-length decorative screen) which reflect the growth and prestige of a major manufacturer during the phase.

Office and Staff Amenities Wings This phase is evident to some degree in the physical fabric of the Office and Staff Amenities Wings. They were constructed at the same time as the Administration Wing. Their overall form reflects the various functions of factory administration buildings in the era. Their layout and relationship to the Administration Wing and surrounding landscape contributes to an understanding of the size and requirements of workforces at large manufacturing complexes during the phase.

Criterion A is likely to be satisfied.

STEP 2: STATE LEVEL SIGNIFICANCE TEST FOR CRITERION A The place/object allows the clear association with the event, phase etc. of historical importance to be UNDERSTOOD BETTER THAN MOST OTHER PLACES OR OBJECTS IN VICTORIA WITH SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME ASSOCIATION.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building allows the clear association with the phase of the development of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s to be understood better than most other places in Victoria with substantially the same association.

Administration Wing The highly distinctive design and prominent position of the Administration Wing allow the clear association with the growth of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s to be understood better than most other places with the same association. Its unusual and eye-catching design features, visibility from a major road and position that takes advantage of the extensive landscape setting reflect the growth and prestige of a major manufacturer during the phase, and the possibilities provided by the new urban fringe locations of manufacturing. The association with the phase can be understood as well or better through comparable places included the Victorian Heritage Register partly on the basis of their historical significance, including the Craig and Seeley Offices and Showroom (VHR H2026) and the ETA Factory (VHR H1916). These also demonstrate visual prominence, distinctive designs and association with major manufacturers.

Office and Staff Amenities Wing Although the overall form of the Office and Staff Amenities Wings indicates their former uses, they are of a reasonably generic type common to many other places of manufacturing. They have also been altered in parts.

Criterion A is likely to be satisfied at the State level.

CRITERION B Possession of uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of Victoria’s cultural history.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION B The place/object has a clear ASSOCIATION with an event, phase, period, process, function, movement, custom or way of life of importance in Victoria’s cultural history. Plus The association of the place/object to the event, phase, etc IS EVIDENT in the physical fabric of the place/object and/or in documentary resources or oral history. Plus The place/object is RARE OR UNCOMMON, being one of a small number of places/objects remaining that demonstrates the important event, phase etc. OR The place/object is RARE OR UNCOMMON, containing unusual features of note that were not widely replicated OR The existence of the class of place/object that demonstrates the important event, phase etc is ENDANGERED to the point of rarity due to threats and pressures on such places/objects.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing The Administration Wing has a clear association with the development of manufacturing in Victoria in the 1950s and 1960s. This association is evident in the physical fabric. The building contains an unusual feature of note – being the wave-form roof.

Office and Staff Amenities Wings The Office and Staff Amenities Wings have a clear association with the development of manufacturing in Victoria in the 1950s and 1960s. This association is evident to a degree in the physical fabric. However, the place is not rare or uncommon as one of the few remaining places that demonstrate the phase. It does not retain unusual features of note, nor is it endangered to the point of rarity.

Criterion B is likely to be satisfied.

STEP 2: STATE LEVEL SIGNIFICANCE TEST FOR CRITERION B The place/object is RARE, UNCOMMON OR ENDANGERED within Victoria.

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building’s unusual wave-form roof is representative of a phase of extensive experimentation with shape and form in architecture. Unusual and singular roof shapes were a feature of this experimentation and are in evidence in many buildings of the era. The place is not rare, uncommon or endangered within Victoria. If Criterion B was applied in this way, all idiosyncratic 1960s Modernist design features unique to buildings would be rare.

Criterion B is not likely to be satisfied at the State level.

CRITERION C Potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Victoria’s cultural history.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION C The: • visible physical fabric; &/or • documentary evidence; &/or • oral history, relating to the place/object indicates a likelihood that the place/object contains PHYSICAL EVIDENCE of historical interest that is NOT CURRENTLY VISIBLE OR UNDERSTOOD. Plus From what we know of the place/object, the physical evidence is likely to be of an INTEGRITY and/or CONDITION that it COULD YIELD INFORMATION through detailed investigation.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Executive Director’s Response It is unlikely that the Petersville Factory Administration Building contains physical evidence of historical interest that is not currently visible and understood. The form, function and historical interest is clearly evident in the physical fabric. There is unlikely to be archaeological evidence associated with the cultural heritage significance of the place.

Criterion C is not likely to be satisfied.

CRITERION D Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural places and objects.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION D The place/object is one of a CLASS of places/objects that has a clear ASSOCIATION with an event, phase, period, process, function, movement, important person(s), custom or way of life in Victoria’s history. Plus The EVENT, PHASE, etc is of HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE, having made a strong or influential contribution to Victoria. Plus The principal characteristics of the class are EVIDENT in the physical fabric of the place/object.

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building is in the class of post-war factory administration buildings. This class has a clear association with the development of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s, a phase of historical importance. The principal characteristics of the class are evident in the physical fabric of the place.

Administration Wing The principal characteristics of the class are evident in the: • Prominent siting alongside a major road • Prominent setting within surrounding landscaping • Incorporation of highly-visual and distinctive design elements into the street frontage • Design commissioned from an architect working in the Modernist stream • Incorporation of stylish design elements into the public foyer • Siting in front of more utilitarian facilities and production areas.

Office and Staff Amenities Wings The principal characteristics of the class are evident in the: • Utilitarian construction • Siting to the rear of a more architecturally distinctive construction.

Criterion D is likely to be satisfied.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

STEP 2: STATE LEVEL SIGNIFICANCE TEST CRITERION D The place/object is a NOTABLE EXAMPL E of the class in Victoria (refer to Reference Tool D).

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing Under the definitions provided in Reference Tool D, the Administration Wing can be considered a notable example of its class because it is a fine and highly intact example.

Fine • It displays a large number and range of characteristics typical of the class, as indicated in Step 1. • It displays the principal characteristics of the class in a way that allows it to be easily understood and appreciated as a post-war factory administration building. • It exhibits higher quality characteristics than are typical of the class in its unusual wave-form roof and eye-catching full-length decorative screen.

Highly intact • The building retains many original elements and displays characteristics of the class that remain mostly unchanged from the historically important period of development.

Office and Staff Amenities Wings Under the definitions provided in Reference Tool D, the Office and Staff Amenities Wings of the Petersville Factory Administration Building cannot be considered a notable example of the class. Although they exhibit some characteristics of the class they do not display a large number or range of characteristics typical of the class. Although their overall form indicates their former uses, they are of a generic type common to many other industrial and commercial places. They have also been altered in parts. They do not represent a fine, highly intact, influential or pivotal example of the class.

Criterion D is likely to be satisfied at the State level.

CRITERION E Importance in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION E The PHYSICAL FABRIC of the place/object clearly exhibits particular aesthetic characteristics.

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing The physical fabric of the Administration Wing clearly exhibits particular aesthetic characteristics of Modernist design, for example through the long, low expression of the building. The roof shape and decorative screen demonstrate a more playful and idiosyncratic experimentation within the stylistic repertoire of Modernism.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Office and Staff Amenities Wings The physical fabric of the Office and Staff Amenities Wings has characteristics of its 1960s period of construction, including use of cream brick and flat roofs, but does not exhibit particular aesthetic characteristics.

Criterion E is likely to be satisfied.

STEP 2: STATE LEVEL SIGNIFICANCE TEST FOR CRITERION E The aesthetic characteristics are APPRECIATED OR VALUED by the wider community or an appropriately-related discipline as evidenced, for example, by: • critical recognition of the aesthetic characteristics of the place/object within a relevant art, design, architectural or related discipline as an outstanding example within Victoria; or • wide public acknowledgement of exceptional merit in Victoria in medium such as songs, poetry, literature, painting, sculpture, publications, print media etc.

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing Although the aesthetic characteristics of the Administration Wing of the Petersville Factory Administration Building are appreciated by people with an interest in 1960s architecture there has been no critical recognition of the place within a relevant art, design, architectural or related discipline as an outstanding example within Victoria, or wide public acknowledgement of exceptional merit in Victoria in any medium.

Criterion E is not likely to be satisfied at the State level.

CRITERION F Importance in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION F The place/object contains PHYSICAL EVIDENCE that clearly demonstrates creative or technical ACHIEVEMENT for the time in which it was created. Plus The physical evidence demonstrates a HIGH DEGREE OF INTEGRITY.

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing The Administration Wing incorporates a distinctive wave-form roof that clearly demonstrates creative achievement for the time in which it was created. This roof retains a high degree of integrity.

Office and Staff Amenities Wings The Office and Staff Amenities Wings of the Petersville Factory Administration Building do not demonstrate creative or technical achievement for the time in which they were created.

Criterion F is likely to be satisfied.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

STEP 2: STATE LEVEL SIGNIFICANCE TEST FOR CRITERION F The nature &/or scale of the achievement is OF A HIGH DEGREE or ‘beyond the ordinary’ for the period in which it was undertaken as evidenced by: • critical acclaim of the place/object within the relevant creative or technological discipline as an outstanding example in Victoria; or • wide acknowledgement of exceptional merit in Victoria in medium such as publications and print media; or • recognition of the place/object as a breakthrough in terms of design, fabrication or construction techniques; or • recognition of the place/object as a successful solution to a technical problem that extended the limits of existing technology; or • recognition of the place/object as an outstanding example of the creative adaptation of available materials and technology of the period.

Executive Director’s Response Administration Wing Although the incorporation of a wave-form roof shape was creative and unusual for the time, this aspect of the building’s form does not appear to have prompted critical acclaim, wide acknowledgement of exceptional merit, nor recognition that the design represented a breakthrough, a solution to a technical problem, or a creative adaptation of available materials or technology. The 1950s and 1960s was a period of wide-ranging experimentation with form in architecture. The wave- form roof of the Administration Wing in evidence at the Petersville Factory Administration Building cannot be considered to be beyond the ordinary for the time in terms of the creative achievement required to conceive it or the technical achievement required to construct it.

Criterion F is not likely to be satisfied at the State level.

CRITERION G Strong or special association with a particular present-day community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.

STEP 1: A BASIC TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION G Evidence exists of a community or cultural group. (A community or cultural group is a group of people who share a common interest, including an experience, purpose, belief system, culture, ethnicity or values.) Plus Evidence exists of a STRONG ATTACHMENT between the community or cultural group and the place/object in the present-day context. Plus Evidence exists of a time depth to that attachment.

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building was utilised by staff of Peters Ice Cream and its subsequent corporate entities from the 1960s until 2014. Current and former staff could be considered to share the common interest of working together and to have an association with the Petersville Factory Administration Building as a place of work. A publication released for the celebration of the 100-year anniversary of the Peters company in 2007 states that a large number of

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

staff worked for Peters at the Mulgrave plant for many years, and in some cases several generations of the same family worked for the company. It includes a quote from a former staff member who recollects that he organised regular staff dances in the canteen that is part of the Staff Amenities Wing. Despite this, desktop research indicates that there is no evidence that there is a strong or special present-day attachment between this group and the Petersville Factory Administration Building in particular that goes beyond a usual office building or place of employment. As the building has been unoccupied since 2014 there is also no evidence that this association has carried into the present day (2019).

Many unconnected individuals in Victoria and elsewhere in Australia may have an association with iconic Peters ice cream products such as the Eskimo Pie and Drumstick. These products have been manufactured elsewhere on the Peters site in Mulgrave since the 1960s. As a prominent national brand, Peters has also commissioned a range of high-profile promotional activities throughout its history – such as highly recognisable signage attached to milk bars. Individuals may also have an association with these promotional activities. However, the Petersville Factory Administration Building was a place where company operations were managed; most people who have enjoyed Peters products have no specific relationship with the Peters Factory Administration Building itself.

Criterion G is not likely to be satisfied.

CRITERION H Special association with the life or works of a person, or group of persons, of importance in Victoria’s history.

STEP 1: A TEST FOR SATISFYING CRITERION H The place/object has a DIRECT ASSOCIATION with a person or group of persons who have made a strong or influential CONTRIBUTION to the course of Victoria’s history. Plus The ASSOCIATION of the place/object to the person(s) IS EVIDENT in the physical fabric of the place/object and/or in documentary resources and/or oral history. Plus The ASSOCIATION: • directly relates to ACHIEVEMENTS of the person(s) at, or relating to, the place/object; or • relates to an enduring and/or close INTERACTION between the person(s) and the place/object.

Executive Director’s Response The Petersville Factory Administration Building has a direct association with architect D Graeme Lumsden and the work of his office. Lumsden designed several interesting commercial and industrial buildings in Victoria, including the Nicholas Factory in Clayton (demolished) and Mitchelton Winery. Although he and his firm contributed to the practice of architecture and commercial building design, he could not be said to have made a strong or influential contribution to the course of Victoria’s history more broadly.

Criterion H is not likely to be satisfied.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

PROPOSED PERMIT POLICY

Preamble The purpose of this information is to assist owners and other interested parties when considering or making decisions regarding works to a registered place. It is recommended that any proposed works be discussed with an officer of Heritage Victoria prior to making a permit application. Discussing proposed works will assist in answering questions the owner may have and aid any decisions regarding works to the place.

The extent of registration of the Petersville Factory Administration Building in the Victorian Heritage Register affects the whole place shown on Diagram H2394 including the land, building (exteriors and interiors), roads, trees, landscape elements and other features. Under the Heritage Act 2017 a person must not remove or demolish, damage or despoil, develop or alter or excavate, relocate or disturb the position of any part of a registered place or object without approval. It is acknowledged, however, that alterations and other works may be required to keep places and objects in good repair and adapt them for use into the future.

If a person wishes to undertake works or activities in relation to a registered place or registered object, they must apply to the Executive Director, Heritage Victoria for a permit. The purpose of a permit is to enable appropriate change to a place and to effectively manage adverse impacts on the cultural heritage significance of a place as a consequence of change. If an owner is uncertain whether a heritage permit is required, it is recommended that Heritage Victoria be contacted.

Permits are required for anything which alters the place or object, unless a permit exemption is granted. Permit exemptions usually cover routine maintenance and upkeep issues faced by owners as well as minor works or works to the elements of the place or object that are not significant. They may include appropriate works that are specified in a conservation management plan. Permit exemptions can be granted at the time of registration (under s.38 of the Heritage Act) or after registration (under s.92 of the Heritage Act). It should be noted that the addition of new buildings to the registered place, as well as alterations to the interior and exterior of existing buildings requires a permit, unless a specific permit exemption is granted.

Conservation management plans It is recommended that a Conservation Management Plan is developed to manage the place in a manner which respects its cultural heritage significance.

Aboriginal cultural heritage If works are proposed which have the potential to disturb or have an impact on Aboriginal cultural heritage it is necessary to contact Aboriginal Victoria to ascertain any requirements under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006. If any Aboriginal cultural heritage is discovered or exposed at any time it is necessary to immediately contact Aboriginal Victoria to ascertain requirements under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006.

Other approvals Please be aware that approval from other authorities (such as local government) may be required to undertake works.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Archaeology There is not identified archaeology of state level significance at the place.

Cultural heritage significance Overview of significance The cultural heritage significance of the Petersville Factory Administration Building lies in the double-storey Administration Wing (exterior and interiors) which has primary significance for its ability to demonstrate the development and prestige of manufacturers in 1960s. The Office and Staff Amenities Wings have contributory significance as utilitarian buildings which reflect the size and requirements of workforces at large manufacturing complexes during the era. The former gatehouse to the south west and demountable buildings to the south east are not significant.

Administration Wing.

Office Wing.

Former gatehouse

Demountable buildings

Staff Amenities Wing

Primary significance

Contributory significance

No significance

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

a) All of the buildings and features listed here are of primary cultural heritage significance in the context of the place. The buildings and features of cultural heritage significance are shown in red on the diagram. A permit is required for most works or alterations. See Permit Exemptions section for specific permit exempt activities: • Administration Wing

b) Buildings and features that are listed here are deemed to have contributory cultural heritage significance to the place. They are shown in blue on the diagram. A permit is required for most works or alterations. See Permit Exemptions section for specific permit exempt activities: • Office Wing • Staff Amenities Wing

c) The following buildings and features are of no cultural heritage significance. These are shown in yellow on diagram. Specific permit exemptions are provided for these items: • Former gatehouse • Demountable buildings

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXEMPTED WORKS OR ACTIVITIES (PERMIT EXEMPTIONS) It should be noted that Permit Exemptions can be granted at the time of registration (under s.38 of the Heritage Act). Permit Exemptions can also be applied for and granted after registration (under s.92 of the Heritage Act).

General Condition 1 All exempted alterations are to be planned and carried out in a manner which prevents damage to the fabric of the registered place or object.

General Condition 2 Should it become apparent during further inspection or the carrying out of works that original or previously hidden or inaccessible details of the place or object are revealed which relate to the significance of the place or object, then the exemption covering such works shall cease and Heritage Victoria shall be notified as soon as possible.

General Condition 3 All works should ideally be informed by Conservation Management Plans prepared for the place. The Executive Director is not bound by any Conservation Management Plan and permits still must be obtained for works suggested in any Conservation Management Plan.

General Condition 4 Nothing in this determination prevents the Heritage Council from amending or rescinding all or any of the permit exemptions.

General Condition 5 Nothing in this determination exempts owners or their agents from the responsibility to seek relevant planning or building permits from the relevant responsible authority, where applicable.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Under s.38 of the Heritage Act 2017 the Executive Director may include in his recommendation categories of works or activities which may be carried out in relation to the place or object without the need for a permit under Part 5 of the Act. The Executive Director must not make a recommendation for any categories of works or activities if he considers that the works or activities may harm the cultural heritage significance of the place or object. The following permit exemptions are not considered to cause harm to the cultural heritage significance of the Petersville Factory Administration Building.

Specific Permit Exemptions

Buildings of primary and contributory cultural heritage significance

Exterior

The following works do not require a permit provided they do not harm the cultural heritage significance of the place.

• Minor patching, repair and maintenance which replaces like with like without large-scale removal of or damage to the existing fabric or the large-scale introduction of new materials. Repairs must maximise protection and retention of fabric and include the conservation of existing details or elements. Any new materials used for repair must not exacerbate the decay of existing fabric due to chemical incompatibility, obscure existing fabric or limit access to existing fabric for future maintenance. • Removal of items such as air conditioners, pipe work, ducting, wiring, antennae, aerials etc and making good. • Preparation and painting of previously painted surfaces in the same colour. • Maintenance, replacement, removal and installation of electrical and fire services and security lighting. • Maintenance, replacement or removal of existing heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) plant located at east and west ends of building. • Replacement of existing services such as cabling, plumbing (including exposed downpipes), wiring and fire services that uses existing routes, conduits or voids. • Weed and vermin control activities.

Interiors

The following works do not require a permit provided they do not harm the cultural heritage significance of the place.

• Demolition or removal of post-1960s light-weight partition walls, suspended ceilings, screens, built-in cupboards, cubicle partitions, light fittings and office fitout and equipment and the like. • Installation, removal or replacement of safety devices such as detectors, alarms, emergency lights, exit signs, luminaires and the like. • Installation, removal or replacement of carpets and window furnishings in office areas. • Refurbishment of existing bathrooms, toilets and kitchenettes including removal, installation or replacement of sanitary fixtures and associated piping, mirrors, wall and floor coverings provided it does not harm significant fabric.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

• Painting of currently painted surfaces provided that preparation or painting does not remove all evidence of earlier paint or other decorative schemes. No currently stained or varnished timberwork is to be painted. • Removal of paint from originally unpainted surfaces including ceilings, wall panelling, joinery, doors, architraves and skirtings by non-abrasive methods. • Removal or replacement of existing services including cabling, plumbing, wiring and fire services that uses existing routes, conduits or voids, and does not involve damage to or the removal of significant fabric.

Note: A permit application is required for all works to the foyer, stairway and mezzanine gallery.

Buildings of no cultural heritage significance • Demolition or removal and internal alterations in a manner that does not harm the cultural heritage significance of the place.

Landscape • The processes of gardening, including mowing, removal of dead shrubs and replanting, disease and weed control, and maintenance to care for existing plants. • Repairs, replacement and maintenance to existing hard landscape elements such as paths, gutters, car parking areas and driveways. • Management and maintenance of established trees and shrubs including formative and remedial pruning, removal of deadwood, pest and disease control. • The removal of dead or dangerous trees and emergency tree works to maintain safety. • Removal of cyclone wire fencing. • Vegetation protection and management of possums and vermin.

Public safety and security • The erection of temporary security fencing, scaffolding, hoardings or surveillance systems to prevent unauthorised access or secure public safety which will not adversely affect the significant fabric of the place provided that temporary structures are removed within 12 months of erection. • Emergency stabilisation works necessary to secure safety where a site feature has been irreparably damaged or destabilised and represents a safety risk. Urgent or emergency site works are to be undertaken by an appropriately qualified specialist such as a structural engineer, or other professional or tradesperson with appropriate heritage experience. The Executive Director must be notified of such works within seven days of their commencement. • General maintenance for the purposes of safety and security including the removal of broken glass, the temporary shuttering of windows and covering of holes as long as this work is reversible and does not harm the cultural heritage significance.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

RELEVANT INFORMATION Local Government Authority City of Monash Heritage Overlay Yes (HO86) (over a smaller area). Heritage Overlay Controls External Paint: No Internal Alteration: No Tree: No Other Overlays DD01 (Design & Development Overlay: Schedule 1) Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Register No Other Listings No Other Names Nestle Dairy Products Administration Headquarters and Manufacturing Plant

HISTORY

Development of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s Victoria experienced rapid industrial expansion after World War Two. Certain kinds of industry predominated – alongside automotive manufacture, the processing and production of food products was a focus. Peters Ice Cream was one among several major food brands to establish purpose-built production facilities in Victoria in this era. While traditionally industrial areas in the inner-suburbs of Melbourne continued to develop in the post-war decades, the era was also characterised by marked decentralisation. Major manufacturers developed substantial new facilities in suburban fringe locations such as Dandenong, Cheltenham and Clayton. This form of decentralisation developed alongside the growth in car ownership and suburban housing estates. Manufacturing facilities were built alongside major roads, often some distance from train stations, and car parking was provided for staff on site. These new greenfields locations allowed for an expansive use of space, with administration buildings often set well in front of more utilitarian production facilities and complemented by landscaping and gardens.

Peters Ice Cream American expatriate Frederick Peters founded the Peters American Delicacy Company in Australia in 1907. First established in Paddington in Sydney, by 1929 subsidiaries had been set up in Queensland, Western Australia and Victoria. The Victorian branch and was based in Meyers Place in central Melbourne, before moving to a refurbished former shoe factory in Richmond in 1936. During 1957, Peters Ice Cream (Victoria) Ltd, took over two rival ice cream producers, and between 1960 and 1963 acquired a further ten companies. These acquisitions included other iconic brand names including Four’n Twenty Pies, Edgell and Birds Eye. To accommodate this growth, in 1961 Peters acquired a 35-hectare site at the south-west corner of Wellington Road and Springvale Road in what was then known as Clayton (now Mulgrave). The decision to relocate from Richmond reflected a post-war trend towards decentralisation of industry that saw many established Melbourne manufacturers move from the inner-city to developing suburban fringes. In 1964, Peters Ice Cream (Victoria) Ltd took on the name of the new site and became known as Petersville Australia Ltd. The company has changed ownership multiple times since that era, but the Peters brand remains a prominent one. The company is notable for its high profile and longstanding promotional activities – including street signage, radio and television programs, branded small refrigerator cabinets and sponsorship of the Moomba parade.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

D Graeme Lumsden, architect Architect D Graeme Lumsden established his own practice in 1948 and was later joined by younger architects Ted Ashton and Bill Hale, who became key members of the office. Although the office of D Graeme Lumsden (and its later incarnations) undertook a range of projects including houses, office buildings, banks and a winery, the firm’s main focus was industrial buildings. Factory projects were commissioned by such high-profile manufacturers as Nicholas Ltd, Volkswagen Australia, Glaxo, Patons Brakes, Leyland Motors, Speciality Press, Murfett Publishers and Smith & Nephew. After Lumsden’s death in 1995, an obituary by Neil Clerehan described him as both ‘one of Australia’s most successful industrial architects’ and an ‘industrial design pioneer’. Lumsden’s reputation and expertise as a designer of factories and their associated offices and administration buildings is evident from press coverage generated by individual factory projects.

Petersville In 1961, Peters commissioned the office of D Graeme Lumsden to design a new manufacturing complex for its recently purchased Wellington Road site. In early 1962, the construction tender was awarded to McDougall & Ireland. Construction began on the site in February 1962 and production was transferred from the Richmond plant by July 1963. On 12 May 1964, the new factory was officially opened by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Rohan Delacombe. The term Petersville was coined during 1962 as a quasi-geographic label for the factory site and subsequently became to moniker of the company. Substantial changes were made to the production areas of the site in 1998 under Nestle’s ownership. The Petersville Factory Administration Building was utilised until 2016, when a new administrative centre was built to the rear of site. Peters continues to operate in modern facilities on other parts of the site.

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS Architect name: D Graeme Lumsden Architectural style name: Late Twentieth Century Modernist Builder name: McDougall & Ireland Pty Ltd Construction started date: 1962 (early) Construction ended date: 1962 (late)

VICTORIAN HISTORICAL THEMES

05 Building Victoria’s industries and workforce 5.2 Developing a manufacturing capacity 5.3 Marketing and retailing 5.8 Working

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION The Petersville Factory Administration Building is a factory administration building in Mulgrave, in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It comprises a double-storey brick Administration Wing, attached single-storey Office Wing and Staff Amenities Wing to the rear. The Petersville Factory Administration Building has a generous set back from Wellington Road and is sited well in front of modern manufacturing facilities that lie further to the south. The building lies parallel to Wellington Road and is a freestanding element within a landscape setting that includes lawn, a row of flagpoles, paths and mature plantings. It is a highly visible feature from Wellington Road. The main public

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

approach is from Wellington Road via a curved driveway that leads to the foyer entrance of the Administration Wing. The Administration Wing’s projecting upper level, supported by concrete columns, has a narrow balcony screened by a full-height and full-length metal screen in a honeycomb pattern. The projecting upper level creates an undercroft used for car parking. The brickwork is a combination of textured and conventional face brick in a pale cream tone. There has been an area of infill of the undercroft at the western end. The main foyer is a double-height space, illuminated from both sides by full-width windows that extend to the top of the wave-form roofline. At the lower level, walls are lined with vertical timber panelling (now painted white) and the floor has a terrazzo finish in wide grey and white stripes. The ceiling, which follows that same curve as the roof, is lined with varnished timber slats. A floating staircase provides access to a mezzanine gallery that connects the east and west sides of the building. The staircase has matching terrazzo treads, with curved metal balusters and a polished timber handrail. Beyond the foyer, the remainder of the Administration Wing comprises office space. While largely refurbished, some areas retain 1960s fabric and finishes. The Office and Staff Amenities Wings are single-storey cream brick constructions with flat roofs. The Office Wing intersects with the rear of the Administration Wing and is accessible via double doors in the south side of the main foyer. It contains offices that run off a central corridor. The Staff Amenities Wing contains a former canteen that opens on to the grassed areas on its north side and other staff facilities.

Objects integral None.

Archaeology There is no identified archaeology of state level significance at this place.

INTEGRITY/INTACTNESS Intactness – The intactness of the place is very good. Few changes have been made to the exterior. The infilling of part of the undercroft of the Administration Wing (date unknown) was done in a matching style and is a sympathetic change. The overscaled Peters signage, affixed to the walls at either end of the building, has been removed, but other features such as the flagpoles in the front lawn, remain. The Administration Wing’s foyer interior retains much of its 1960s fabric and finishes and changes, such as the overpainting of timber wall panelling, are minor and readily reversible. Areas in the Administration Wing beyond the foyer and mezzanine are largely refurbished but some 1960 fabric and finishes remain. Some 1960s elements remain in the interior of the Office and Staff Amenities Wings but they have been refurbished. (April 2019). Integrity – The integrity of the Petersville Factory Administration Building is excellent. The exterior of the Administration Wing, and of the Office and Staff Amenities Wings remain highly evocative of the early 1960s. As such, the cultural heritage values of the place can be easily read in the extant fabric (April 2019).

CONDITION Overall, the Petersville Factory Administration Building is in very good condition. Externally, most of the brickwork, concrete columns, door frames and window frames show few signs of deterioration. There are areas of rust to metal elements and deterioration to eaves on the west end. Internally, the foyer of the Administration Wing is in excellent condition with only minor defects to timber ceiling lining and area of damage to stair treads. The Office Wing exhibits damage such as missing ceiling panels (April 2019).

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

COMPARISONS 1950s and 1960s factory administration buildings in the VHR

ETA Factory, Braybrook (VHR H1916) The ETA Factory is of architectural, aesthetic and historical significance to Victoria as an example of the application of Modernist architectural design to a large industrial facility. Completed in 1961, it expresses both structural rationalism and Featurist conception of façade as billboard. The ETA Factory is of architectural significance for its stylish curtain wall. It is of historical significance as a manifestation of the great surge in construction of manufacturing establishments in the 1950s, mostly in the then outer suburbs. The central position of manufacturing is reflected in the use of a prominent architectural firm (Grounds, Romberg and Boyd) to produce a striking Modernist design for the factory headquarters of an Australian company.

ETA Factory, Braybrook (VHR H1916)

Craig and Seeley Offices and Showroom, Brunswick (VHR H2026) The Craig and Seeley Offices and Showroom are of architectural, aesthetic and historical significance to the State of Victoria. They are important for their boldness, invention and defiance of convention in their external design the highly distinctive and unusual finish of coloured porcelain enamel panels. Designed in 1962, the buildings are associated with the great surge of manufacturing in the post-war years and the development and immigration programmes that sustained this activity. The site is also historically significant for its long association with gas supply and the manufacture of gas appliances.

Craig and Seeley Offices and Showroom, Brunswick (VHR H2026)

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Former BP Refinery Building Administration Building, Crib Point (VHR H1016) The Former BP Refinery Administration Building was designed by Don Hendy Fulton in 1965 for BP Australia Ltd’s second Australian refinery complex. The building features a brick ground floor mounted on a low plinth, a cantilevered glass curtain wall on the first floor overhung by cornice-like eaves. Its distinctive design incorporating a temple-like roof form was awarded the RVIA Victorian Architectural Medal in 1966. It represents a shift away from the strict tenets of the International Style and demonstrates the desire of the company to create a high-quality corporate image against the backdrop of an industrial plant.

Former BP Refinery Building Administration, Crib Point (VHR H1016)

Places indicative of experimentation within Modernist design in the VHR

Oakleigh Motel, Oakleigh East (VHR H2193)

The Oakleigh Motel is of architectural, historical and aesthetic significance. It is architecturally significant as an unusually intact example of 1950s modernism in Victoria and is aesthetically significant as an example of the American 'Googie' style of architecture. It was designed to be visually striking from the road, using prominent signage and lighting to advertise the place and its function. It was the first motel erected in metropolitan Melbourne and represents a new type of building, associated with the economic and social changes occurring in Victoria after the Second World War, particularly the rise in family travel by private car in the 1950s.

Oakleigh Motel, Oakleigh East (VHR H2193)

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Former Shire Offices, Benalla (VHR H2189)

The Former Shire Offices in Benalla are of architectural and historical significance to Victoria. Designed in 1958 by A K Lines, MacFarlane & Marshall, this small-scaled brick building is architecturally significant as a rare and substantially intact example of a Modernist municipal building of the 1950s, and as a very early example of the adoption of the Modernist idiom for a municipal building. It demonstrates the innovations which occurred in architecture during the building boom of the late 1950s, following the austerity of the immediate post-war period. The building is of historical significance for their association with the economic growth of provincial Victoria following World War II and the desire of local government to appear innovative and progressive by their adoption of emerging building styles.

Former Shire Offices, Benalla (VHR H2189)

Rosebud Sound Shell, Rosebud (VHR H2299)

The Rosebud Sound Shell is of architectural, aesthetic and scientific (technical) significance to the State of Victoria. Designed by Ronald Grounds and constructed in 1967 it is significant as an outstanding example of the dynamic architectural forms which became popular in the post-war period, and as a rare example of a hyperbolic paraboloid form, a much publicised motif in international architecture from the early 1950s to the late 1960s, and the only known example in Victoria executed in reinforced concrete. It is an innovative example of a sound shell, a building type which in the 1950s and 1960s replaced the bandstand, which had been popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries for performances in public parks.

Rosebud Sound Shell, Rosebud (VHR H2299)

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

SUMMARY OF COMPARISONS The Petersville Factory Administration Building has a clear association with the growth of manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s and the trend for companies to commission distinctive, architecturally designed administration buildings to front new manufacturing complexes. The three comparable factory administration buildings currently in the VHR denote the same broad themes: the growth and decentralisation of manufacturing, associations with prominent brands, and the evolution of Modernist design to include more idiosyncratic approaches. Like examples such as the ETA Factory and Craig and Seeley Offices and Showroom, which are included partly on the basis of their historical significance, the Petersville Factory Administration Building is associated with the same phase of development. Like these examples, the Petersville Factory Administration Building broadly follows the concept of ‘façade as billboard’. In comparison to these places it can be considered an intact, prominent and particularly architecturally unusual example. The Petersville Factory Administration Building compares well to places such as the Benalla Shire Offices and Rosebud Sound Shell that represent the appetite in the period for stylistic and structural experimentation.

It is noted that there are other places in Victoria, such as the Ford Administration Building in Campbellfield, which are not yet included in the VHR but that may be useful comparators due to their clear association with the phase and architectural distinction. These places may be of a level of significance to be included in the VHR in the future. The Petersville Factory Administration Building is distinguished from these places by its highly idiosyncratic design in a context where factory administration buildings generally referenced a more conventional International style and curtain walled design. It is also noted that the 2008 Heritage Alliance Survey of Post-War Built Heritage in Victoria identified the Petersville Factory Administration Building as worthy of inclusion in the VHR alongside several other places, such as the Mason, Firth & McCutcheon building in Highett, that have since been demolished or substantially altered.

KEY REFERENCES USED TO PREPARE ASSESSMENT

Articles and websites ‘100-year-old Peters are cats who got the cream’, The Age, 25 August 2007. ‘Australia’s industry comes of age’, Ice Cream Trade Journal, January 1965. ‘Governor of Victoria opens Petersville’, Australasian Manufacturer, 23 May 1964. ‘Peters new plant near completion’, The Age, 19 October 1962. ‘Work of industrial design pioneer left indelible mark’, The Age, 17 August 1995. ‘D Graeme Lumsden’, Dictionary of Unsung Architects < http://www.builtheritage.com.au/dua_lumsden.html> accessed 6 May 2019.

Publications Gerner Consulting Group & Andrew Ward (1998) Monash Heritage Study. Goad, Philip & Willis, Julie (2012) The Encyclopedia of Australian Architecture, Cambridge University Press. Harden, Michael Of a Nation: Nestlé Peters 100th Anniversary (Prahran: Hardie Grant Books, 2007). Heritage Alliance (2008) Survey of Post-War Built Heritage in Victoria: Stage 1.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

ADDITIONAL IMAGES: PLACE 1 Note: Photographs were taken across two site visits in September 2018 and April 2019.

2019, Wellington Road frontage, Administration Wing, looking south east.

2019, Wellington Road frontage, Administration Wing, looking south west.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2018, Wellington Road frontage, Administration Wing, showing main foyer entry.

2018, Wellington Road frontage, Administration Wing, showing undercroft parking area.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, view of eastern end of Administration Wing, with north elevation of Staff Amenities Wing in background.

2018, view of western end of Administration Wing, showing screen at upper level.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2018, balcony, Administration Wing, showing timber-lined ceiling and metal screen.

2018, Wellington Road frontage, Administration Wing, view along undercroft.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, rear of Administration Wing, looking north.

2018, general view showing rear of building, looking north west.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, Staff Amenities Wing, south elevation.

2019, Staff Amenities Wing, north elevation.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, general view showing rear of building, looking north east.

2019, interior view of Administration Wing from mezzanine gallery, looking towards Wellington Road.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2018, main foyer, Administration Wing, showing stairs, mezzanine gallery, striped terrazzo floors and double doors to Office Wing.

2018, main foyer, Administration Wing, showing staircase.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2018, Administration Wing showing timber-lined curving ceiling and gallery balustrade from main foyer.

2019, office interior, Administration Wing, upper level.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, office interior, Administration Wing, lower level.

2019, central corridor, Office Wing.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

2019, office interior, Office Wing. 2019, office interior, Office Wing.

2019, interior, canteen, Staff Amenities Wing.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

HISTORICAL PHOTOS

View of the Petersville Factory Administration Building under construction, c. 1962. Source: Michael Harden, Of a Nation: Nestlé Peters 100th Anniversary (2007)

View of the rear, looking north-east, c. 1963. Source: Michael Harden, Of a Nation: Nestlé Peters 100th Anniversary (2007).

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Exterior view, c.1964 Source: Ice Cream Trade Journal, January 1965.

Interior of the main lobby, c.1964 Source: Ice Cream Trade Journal, January 1965.

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646

Presentation drawing of the factory complex, undated. Source: Michael Harden Of a Nation: Nestlé Peters 100th Anniversary (2007).

Petersville Factory Administration Building Hermes Number: 200646