Bicycleplan Appendix
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Transylvania County BICYCLE PLAN APPENDIX DESIGN RESOURCES Appendix A FUNDING RESOURCES Appendix B PUBLIC INPUT Appendix C EXISTING CONDITIONS Appendix D RECOMMENDATIONS Appendix E APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES 56 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINE NORTH CAROLINA GUIDELINES RESOURCES North Carolina Department of Transportation Planners and project designers should refer to (NCDOT): these standards and guidelines in developing • WalkBikeNC: The Statewide Pedestrian and the infrastructure projects recommended by Bicycle Plan this plan. The following resources are from the • Glossary of North Carolina Terminology for NCDOT website, for “Bicycle & Pedestrian Project Active Transportation Development & Design Guidance”, located here: • NCDOT Complete Streets, including the Complete Streets Planning and Design https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/BikePed/ Guidelines Pages/Guidance.aspx • Evaluating Temporary Accommodations for Pedestrians • NC Local Programs Handbook All resources listed below are linked through the • Traditional Neighborhood Development web page listed above, retrieved in November Guidelines 2018. Greenway Construction Standards: NATIONAL GUIDELINES • Greenway Standards Summary Memo American Association of State Highway and • Design Issues Summary Transportation Officials (AASHTO): • Greenway Design Guidelines Value • Guide for the Development of Bicycle Engineering Report Facilities • Summary of Recommendations • Guide for the Planning, Design, and • Minimum Pavement Design Operation of Pedestrian Facilities Recommendations for Greenways • Steps to Construct a Greenway or Shared- The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA): Use Trail • Accessibility Guidance • Design Guidance Route Signing & Mapping • Facility Design • Bike Maps and Routes • Facility Operations • Share the Road Initiative • How to Select Routes Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices • NCDOT Bicycle Route Signing & Mapping (MUTCD): Program • 2009 NC Supplement to MUTCD • Part 4E: Pedestrian Control Features Additional FHWA resources not currently linked through the main NCDOT link above: • Part 7: Traffic Controls for School Areas • Achieving Multimodal Networks (2016) • Part 9: Traffic Controls for Bicycle Facilities https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ bicycle_pedestrian/publications/ National Association of City Transportation multimodal_networks/ Officials (NACTO): • Separated Bike Lane Planning and Design Guide (2015) • Urban Bikeway Design Guide https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ • Urban Street Design Guide bicycle_pedestrian/publications/separated_ bikelane_pdg/page00.cfm Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Non-Infrastructure: • Incorporating On-Road Bicycle Networks • National Center for Safe Routes to School into Resurfacing Projects (2016) • National Partnership for Safe Routes to https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ School bicycle_pedestrian/publications/ resurfacing/ US Access board: • Small Town and Rural Multimodal • ABA Accessibility Standards Networks Design Guide (2017) • ADA Accessibility Guidelines http://ruraldesignguide.com/ • ADA Accessibility Standards • Public Rights-of-Way, Streets & Sidewalks, and Shared Use Paths APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-1 SMALL TOWN AND RURAL MULTIMODAL NETWORKS DESIGN GUIDE The Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks guide is a design resource and idea book to help small towns and rural communities support safe, accessible, comfortable, and active travel for people of all ages and abilities. In general, design guidelines for bicycling have been geared towards the urban context. The Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks design guide is a recent publication by the FHWA that builds upon past design guidance, but is taylored to the rural context. Highlights from the guide are included below and on the following page. Several examples pulled from the priority network are shown on the following pages, referencing design considerations from the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks guide. www.ruraldesignguide.com The guide is intended to: • Provide a bridge between existing guidance on bicycle and pedestrian design and rural practice. DECEMBER 2016 • Encourage innovation in the development of safe and appealing networks for bicycling Small Town and walking in small and towns and rural areas. Rural • Provide examples of peer communities and Multimodal project implementation that is appropriate for Networks rural communities. For more information on facility design, please see the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks Design Guide (www.ruraldesignguide.com) as well as a list of design resources in the previous page (A-1)). A-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN SMALL TOWN AND RURAL MULTIMODAL NETWORKS HOW TO USE THE SMALL TOWN AND RURALHow MULTIMODAL to Use NETWORKS this Guide How to Use this GuideDESIGN GUIDE FACILITIES AND DESIGN CONTEXT EXAMPLE APPLICATION A SpeedSpeed and andVolume Volume B Network C Land Use This guide provides design Speed and Volume MotorMotor vehiclevehicle operating operating speeds and speeds Theand collection the of roadways and Land use describes the manner and information for a variety of Most appropriate on streets with low to volumesthe volumes on on a aroadway roadway areare key key considerationsmultimodal facilities in a community intensity in which land is developed or moderate volumes and moderate speed facility types applicable to motor vehicles.(iii) inconsiderations selecting thein selecting most appropriatethe most bicyclecreates and a network. Networks are modified from its natural state. Built-up CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER | INTRODUCTION pedestrianappropriate facilitiesbicycle and along pedestrian a particular interconnected roadway. pedestrian and/or areas, such as commercial districts in a small town and rural settings. Generallyfacilities along speaking, a particular the roadway.greater the speedbicycle and transportation facilities that small town, contain a higher density of Within the design chapters, 12k volumeGenerally of speaking, motor vehicle the greater traffic, the the greaterallow people the of all ages and abilities attractions, destinations, and people, 10k amountspeed and of volume separation of motor is desiredvehicle for comfortableto safely and conveniently get to and may support a greater diversity the application context of biking and walking facilities. Where streets 8k traffic, the greater the amount of where they want to go. The network of bicycle and pedestrian amenities. A Speed and Volume have low volumes and low speeds, the need for each facility is identified within separation is desired for comfortable not only connects to destinations Outside of built-up areas, the land use 6k separation is less critical, and mixing modes may SMALL TOWN AND RURAL MULTIMODAL NETWORKS Where is the facility the sidebar graphics shown to bebiking appropriate. and walking facilities. Where within a community, but also creates patterns are much less dense, with 4k type most appropriate, streets have low volumes and low connections between communities more space between destinations. the right. Refer to the following How basedto on typicalUse speed this Guide 2k Thespeeds, speed the needand volumefor separation chart is summarizes and tohow external destinations. There are MOTOR VEHICLE VOLUME (ADT) and volume of motor page for a description of each speedless critical, and volume and mixing affect modes possible may facilityvarying options. levels of comfort associated vehicles? context area. 10 20 30 40 50 be appropriate. with roadways within the network, MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATING SPEED (MI/H) ranging from low-volume, low-speed A Speed and Volume TheB speedNetwork and volume chart C Land Use ADVISORY SHOULDER Network local streets to high-speed, high- summarizes how speed and volume Motor vehicle operating speeds and TheThe collectioncollection of roadways of roadways and and multimodalvolumeLand use arterial describes roadways. the manner Successful and Network affect possible facility options. the volumes on a roadway are key facilitiesmultimodal in facilities a community in a community creates anetworksintensity network. in also which provide land equitableis developed access or Applies to constrained connections between built-up areas. considerations in selecting the most Networks•creates Preferred a network. are Application interconnected Networks Range: are pedestrianregardlessmodified and/ from of income its natural level. state. 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The network of bicycle and pedestrian amenities. connectionsPotential Application between Range: communities refers and to separation is desiredto be applicable? for comfortable •not only connects