Bicycleplan Appendix

Transylvania County BICYCLE PLAN APPENDIX

DESIGN RESOURCES Appendix A

FUNDING RESOURCES Appendix B

PUBLIC INPUT Appendix C

EXISTING CONDITIONS Appendix D

RECOMMENDATIONS Appendix E APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES

56 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN DESIGN GUIDELINE NORTH CAROLINA GUIDELINES RESOURCES North Carolina Department of Transportation Planners and project designers should refer to (NCDOT): these standards and guidelines in developing • WalkBikeNC: The Statewide Pedestrian and the infrastructure projects recommended by Bicycle Plan this plan. The following resources are from the • Glossary of North Carolina Terminology for NCDOT website, for “Bicycle & Pedestrian Project Active Transportation Development & Design Guidance”, located here: • NCDOT Complete Streets, including the Complete Streets Planning and Design https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/BikePed/ Guidelines Pages/Guidance.aspx • Evaluating Temporary Accommodations for Pedestrians • NC Local Programs Handbook All resources listed below are linked through the • Traditional Neighborhood Development web page listed above, retrieved in November Guidelines 2018. Greenway Construction Standards: NATIONAL GUIDELINES • Greenway Standards Summary Memo American Association of State Highway and • Design Issues Summary Transportation Officials (AASHTO): • Greenway Design Guidelines Value • Guide for the Development of Bicycle Engineering Report Facilities • Summary of Recommendations • Guide for the Planning, Design, and • Minimum Pavement Design Operation of Pedestrian Facilities Recommendations for Greenways • Steps to Construct a Greenway or Shared- The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA): Use Trail • Accessibility Guidance • Design Guidance Route Signing & Mapping • Facility Design • Bike Maps and Routes • Facility Operations • Share the Road Initiative • How to Select Routes Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices • NCDOT Bicycle Route Signing & Mapping (MUTCD): Program

• 2009 NC Supplement to MUTCD • Part 4E: Pedestrian Control Features Additional FHWA resources not currently linked through the main NCDOT link above: • Part 7: Traffic Controls for School Areas • Achieving Multimodal Networks (2016) • Part 9: Traffic Controls for Bicycle Facilities https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ bicycle_pedestrian/publications/ National Association of City Transportation multimodal_networks/ Officials (NACTO): • Separated Bike Lane Planning and Design Guide (2015) • Urban Bikeway Design Guide https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ • Urban Street Design Guide bicycle_pedestrian/publications/separated_ bikelane_pdg/page00.cfm Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Non-Infrastructure: • Incorporating On-Road Bicycle Networks • National Center for Safe Routes to School into Resurfacing Projects (2016) • National Partnership for Safe Routes to https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/ School bicycle_pedestrian/publications/ resurfacing/ US Access board: • Small Town and Rural Multimodal • ABA Accessibility Standards Networks Design Guide (2017) • ADA Accessibility Guidelines http://ruraldesignguide.com/ • ADA Accessibility Standards • Public Rights-of-Way, Streets & Sidewalks, and Shared Use Paths

APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-1 SMALL TOWN AND RURAL MULTIMODAL NETWORKS DESIGN GUIDE The Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks guide is a design resource and idea book to help small towns and rural communities support safe, accessible, comfortable, and active travel for people of all ages and abilities. In general, design guidelines for bicycling have been geared towards the urban context. The Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks design guide is a recent publication by the FHWA that builds upon pastdesign guidance, but is taylored to the rural context. Highlights from the guide are included below and on the following page. Several examples pulled from the priority network are shown on the following pages, referencing design considerations from the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks guide.

www.ruraldesignguide.com

The guide is intended to:

• Provide a bridge between existing guidance on bicycle and pedestrian design and rural practice.

DECEMBER 2016 • Encourage innovation in the development of safe and appealing networks for bicycling Small Town and walking in small and towns and rural areas. Rural • Provide examples of peer communities and Multimodal project implementation that is appropriate for Networks rural communities.

For more information on facility design, please see the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks Design Guide (www.ruraldesignguide.com) as well as a list of design resources in the previous page (A-1)).

A-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN SMALL TOWN AND RURAL MULTIMODAL NETWORKS MULTIMODAL RURAL AND TOWN SMALL HOW TO USE THE SMALL TOWN AND RURALHow MULTIMODAL to Use NETWORKS this Guide How to Use this GuideDESIGN GUIDE

FACILITIES AND DESIGN CONTEXT EXAMPLE APPLICATION A SpeedSpeed and andVolume Volume B Network C Land Use This guide provides design Speed and Volume MotorMotor vehicle vehicle operating operating speeds and speeds The andcollection the of roadways and Land use describes the manner and information for a variety of Most appropriate on streets with low to volumesthe volumes on on a a roadway roadway are are key key considerationsmultimodal facilities in a community intensity in which land is developed or moderate volumes and moderate speed facility types applicable to motor vehicles.(iii) inconsiderations selecting inthe selecting most the appropriatemost creates bicycle a network. and Networks are modified from its natural state. Built-up

CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER | INTRODUCTION pedestrianappropriate facilitiesbicycle and along pedestrian a particular interconnected roadway. pedestrian and/or areas, such as commercial districts in a small town and rural settings. Generallyfacilities along speaking, a particular the roadway.greater the speedbicycle and transportation facilities that small town, contain a higher density of Within the design chapters, 12k volumeGenerally of speaking, motor vehicle the greater traffic, the the greaterallow people the of all ages and abilities attractions, destinations, and people, 10k amountspeed and of volume separation of motor is desiredvehicle for comfortableto safely and conveniently get to and may support a greater diversity the application context of biking and walking facilities. Where streets 8k traffic, the greater the amount of where they want to go. The network of bicycle and pedestrian amenities. A Speed and Volume have low volumes and low speeds, the need for each facility is identified within separation is desired for comfortable not only connects to destinations Outside of built-up areas, the land use

6k separation is less critical, and mixing modes may NETWORKS MULTIMODAL RURAL AND TOWN SMALL Where is the facility the sidebar graphics shown to bebiking appropriate. and walking facilities. Where within a community, but also creates patterns are much less dense, with 4k type most appropriate, streets have low volumes and low connections between communities more space between destinations. the right. Refer to the following How basedto on typicalUse speed this Guide 2k Thespeeds, speed the need and volumefor separation chart is summarizes and to how external destinations. There are MOTOR VEHICLE VOLUME (ADT) and volume of motor page for a description of each speedless critical, and volume and mixing affect modes possible may facilityvarying options. levels of comfort associated vehicles? context area. 10 20 30 40 50 be appropriate. with roadways within the network, MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATING SPEED (MI/H) ranging from low-volume, low-speed A Speed and Volume TheB speed Network and volume chart C Land Use ADVISORY SHOULDER Network local streets to high-speed, high- summarizes how speed and volume Motor vehicle operating speeds and TheThe collection collection of roadways of roadways and andvolumeLand multimodaluse arterial describes roadways. the manner Successful and Network affect possible facility options. the volumes on a roadway are key facilitiesmultimodal facilitiesin a incommunity a community creates networksintensity a network. in also which provide land equitableis developed access or Applies to constrained connections between built-up areas. considerations in selecting the most Networks•creates Preferred a network. are Application interconnected Networks Range: are pedestrianregardlessmodified and/ from of income its natural level. state. Built-up appropriate bicycle and pedestrian orinterconnected identifies bicycle transportationroadway pedestrian conditions and/or facilities where areas, that such allow as commercial districts in a facilities alongB aNetwork particular roadway. peoplebicyclea facility transportation of functions all ages particularly andfacilities abilities that well. to smallsafely town, and contain a higher density of conveniently get to where they want to go. Generally speaking,On which the greaterpart of a the allowThis people range isof intendedall ages and to set abilities a high attractions, destinations, and people, The network not only connects to destinations speed and volumeroadway of motor network vehicle is to barsafely for and facility conveniently application. get to and may support a greater diversity within a community, but also creates traffic, the greaterthe facility the typeamount likely of where they want to go. The network of bicycle and pedestrian amenities. connectionsPotential Application between Range: referscommunities and to separation is desiredto be applicable? for comfortable •not only connects to destinations Outside of built-up areas, the land use externalto conditions destinations. where the facility There type are varying levels biking and walking facilities. Where within a community, but also creates patterns are much less dense, with LOCAL of comfort associated with roadways within the has also been shown to function NETWORKS MULTIMODAL RURAL AND TOWN SMALL COLLECTOR streets have low volumes and low connections between communities more space between destinations. network,and may rangingbe provide from an appropriate low-volume, low-speed HIGHWAY speeds, the need for separation is localand to streets external to destinations. high-speed, There high arevolume arterial context for using the facility. How to Use thisless critical, Guide and mixing modes may roadways.varying levels Successful of comfort associated networks also provide be appropriate. equitablewith roadways access within regardless the network, of income level. Land Use ranging from low-volume, low-speed For use outside, between and within The speed and volume chart built-up areas with bicycle and local streets to high-speed, high- A Speed and Volume summarizesB Network how speed and volume C Land Use pedestrian demand and limited volumeLand arterial Use roadways. Successful available paved roadway surface. affect possible facility options. Motor vehicle operating speeds and The collection of roadways and LandLandnetworks useuse describesalso describes provide the equitable themanner manner andaccess and intensity the volumes on a roadway are key multimodal• Preferred facilities Application in a communityRange: inintensityregardless which inland ofwhich income is landdeveloped level. is developed or modified or from its considerations in selecting the most createsidentifies a network. roadwayLand Networks Use conditions are where naturalmodifiedBENEFITS state. from AND Built-upits natural CONSIDERATIONS areas, state. suchBuilt-up as commercial appropriate bicycle and pedestrian interconnecteda facility functionsC Is pedestrian this facilityparticularly typeand/or well. districtsareas, such in aas small commercial town, districtscontain in a ahigher density facilities along a particular roadway. bicycleThis rangetransportation is mostintended appropriate facilities to set a thatin high ofForsmall attractions,each town, facility contain type, a higherthedestinations, summary density lists of some and key people, benefits and and considerations. Generally speaking, the greater the allowbar peoplefor facility of builtall application. ages up developed and abilities mayInattractions, addition support to destinations, benefits a greater related and diversity people, to transportation, of bicycle theand summary addresses other pedestrian amenities. Outside of built-up areas, speed and volumeOUTSIDE of motor OF vehicleWITHIN to safely and convenientlyrural areas, orget less- to factors,and may such support as compatibility a greater diversity with a rural aesthetic, and potential environmental BUILT-UP BUILT-UP Potential Application Range: refers the land use patterns are much less dense, with traffic, the greaterAREAS the amount of AREAS where• they wantdeveloped to go. The basic network impactsof bicycle caused and pedestrian by road widening. amenities. to conditions where the facility type more space between destinations. separation is desired for comfortable not only connectsrural to areas? destinations Outside of built-up areas, the land use has also been shown to function biking and walking facilities. Where within a community, but also creates patterns are much less dense, with 1-9 and may be provide an appropriate streets haveSee low Chapter volumes 1 of andthe Small low Town andconnections Rural Multimodal between Networks communities design guide for furthermore informationspace between - www.ruraldesignguide.com destinations. context for using the facility. speeds, the need for separation is and to external destinations. There are less critical, and mixing modes may varying levels of comfort associated be appropriate. with roadways within the network, APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-3 1-10 ranging from low-volume, low-speed The speed and volume chart local streets to high-speed, high- summarizes how speed and volume volume arterial roadways. Successful affect possible facility options. networks also provide equitable access • Preferred Application Range: regardlessBENEFITS of income AND CONSIDERATIONS level. identifies roadway conditions where a facility functions particularly well. For each facility type, the summary lists some key benefits and considerations. This range is intended to set a high In addition to benefits related to transportation, the summary addresses other bar for facility application. factors, such as compatibility with a rural aesthetic, and potential environmental impacts caused by road widening. • Potential Application Range: refers to conditions where the facility type has also been shown to function and may be provide an appropriate context for using the facility. 1-10

BENEFITS AND CONSIDERATIONS

For each facility type, the summary lists some key benefits and considerations. In addition to benefits related to transportation, the summary addresses other factors, such as compatibility with a rural aesthetic, and potential environmental impacts caused by road widening.

1-10 PROJECT EXAMPLE: BREVARD TO AVERY CREEK ROAD CIRCULATION

Avery Creek Road is a popular connection point Connection Opportunities to Pisgah National Forest Trails and is a little over a mile from the northern terminus of the »» Pisgah National Forest Ranger Station and Visitor Brevard Greenway (Art Loeb Trailhead) at the Center Davidson River Campground. Furthermore, the »» Multiple Pisgah National Forest Trails Pisgah Ranger Station/Visitor Center is along the »» Brevard Greenway and Art Loeb Trailhead (This sec- north side of US 276 across from the Davidson tion also referred to as the Estatoe Trail) River Campground. Two complementary bicycle » infrastructure connections are proposed for » Businesses at the US 64/US 276/ NC 280 intersection this section to improve bicycle connectivity and »» Davidson River Campground circulation: »» Schenck Job Corps Civilian Conservation Center »» Sycamore Flats Recreational Area Davidson River Campground Dr Section: »» NC 8 - Southern Highlands Bike Route »» From the Brevard Greenway (just before the Art Loeb » Trailhead), construct a short greenway connection » Ride Transylvania County Bike Route #6 (Tour de to Schenck Drive. Implement shared lane mark- Transylvania) and #7 (Looking Glass Rock Loop) ings and signage along Schenck Drive and Davidson River Campground Dr to the northwestern edge of Previous Plans Davidson River Campground - from here, it is a short »» Transylvania County CTP (2012) distance across the Davidson River to the entrance of Avery Creek Road entrance off US 276. Construct »» Walk/Bike NC (2013) a short bike/ped bridge across the Davidson River at »» Ride Transylvania County Bike Routes Map (2017) this location. »» Blue Ridge Bicycle Plan (2013) »» This option provides a true ‘all ages and abilities’ connection by keeping bicyclists away from the US 276/Pisgah Hwy corridor and utilizing a combination See the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Network Design Guide of greenway and very low speed/low traffic volume and National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) for roads through the campground and Schenck Rd. further detail regarding design best practices and options: Distance = 1.3 Miles Bike Lanes - http://ruraldesignguide.com/visually-separated/bike-lane Shared Lane Markings - https://nacto.org/publication/urban-bikeway- design-guide/bikeway-signing-marking/shared-lane-markings/ US 276 Section: Shared Use Paths - http://ruraldesignguide.com/physically-separated/ »» Construct buffered bike lanes along US 276/Pisgah shared-use-path Hwy from the US 276/NC 280/US 64 intersection project footprint (STI: R-5799 - currently in development, to includes bike lanes to the western edge of the project footprint) - this is also the location of the future Davidson River bike/ped bridge connection (STI: EB-5858). »» Lower the speed limit from 50 mph to 35 mph. »» Key challenges with his section of US 276/Pisgah Hwy are the geographical constraints - space is limited by the Davidson River along the southern edge of the roadway and steep slopes along sections of the northern edge of the roadway. Distance = 1.4 miles Bike lane with buffer example from the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Network Design Guide. Ideally, the proposed bike lanes along US 276 would be designed with additional buffer space.

A-4 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Lower the speed limit for this section of Pisgah Hwy from the US 64/US 276/NC 280 intersectionB to Avery Creek Road from 50 mph to 35 mph. L Avery Creek A C Road is a K popular M T access point N into Pisgah National Forest, camping, hiking Construct buffered bicycle lanes from the and mountain future US 64/US 276/NC 280 intersection biking trails. project footprint to Avery Creek Road. For guidance on buffered bicycle lane design, please reference the Small Town and Rural Design Guide - http://ruraldesignguide.com/ visually-separated/bike-lane.

The future US 64/ Ranger Station/ US 276/NC 280 Visitor Center intersection project (R-5799) will include son E D id V av R bicycle and pedestrian i O v 276 Construct short ¤£ Pisgah Hwy C accommodations through er bike/ped bridge C E am R the intersection, with the over Davidson River, p O N g M footprint of the project OR ro making a direct TH u Art Loeb A extending west to the SL n C connection between O d Y PE Dr Trailhead S Brevard City Limits/ Avery Creek Road LO OP National Forest boundary Sc r and the northwestern hen ck D here. edge of the Davidson River Campground and Davidson River Campground Drive.

A RT Add shared lane markings LO Connect to the E to Davidson River B Brevard Greenway (M Campground Drive and TS from Schenck Drive, 9 1 Schenck Drive to make ,9 utilizing the existing 1A the connection between 280 ) utility corridor to UV the Brevard Greenway complete the link and the proposed bike/ by constructing/ ped bridge linking formalizing into a to Avery Creek Road shared use path. through the campground. The future Davidson Schenck Drive is outside River bike/ped bridge of the Davidson River (EB-5858) will connect Campground and is the Brevard Greenway utilized as the entrance across the Davidson to the Schenck Job Corps River to the businesses 64 Civilian Conservation at the US¤£ 64/US 276/ Center. NC 280 intersection. This will also connect to the bike/ped facilities that are to be constructed as part of the US 64/US 276/NC 280 intersection improvements (R-5799). Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

US 276 Section

Davidson River Campground Section 0 0.25 0.5 Hiking/Mt Biking Trails Miles I Brevard Greenway

In Development APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-5 PROJECT EXAMPLE: ECUSTA RAIL TRAIL

The proposed Ecusta Rail Trail was the most »» Friends of the Ecusta Trail is a 501(c)3 non-profit cre- often cited improvement needed for bicycling in ated for the purpose of completing the Ecusta Trail. Transylvania County during this planning process. The organization has helped to raise funding and Completely separated from roadways, this project research feasibility. They have received resolutions, would utilize the old Ecusta railroad corridor. It endorsements, and statements of support from the provides a relatively flat, direct connection from following entities: the Brevard Greenway through northeastern »» Carolina Mountain Land Conservancy Transylvania County, Little River, and eventually »» Brevard/Transylvania County Chamber of Hendersonville. US 64, Old Hendersonville Hwy, Commerce Crab Creek Road, and Everett Road, which carry high traffic volumes and speeds, provide a low »» Cradle of Forestry in America Interpretive level of comfort for the average bicyclist and are Association currently the only bicycling alternatives through »» City of Brevard this part of the county. »» City of Hendersonville »» City of Fletcher Ecusta Rail Trail: »» Village of Flat Rock »» The City of Hendersonville, North Carolina initiated the Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study and Economic »» Town of Laurel Park Impact Analysis (2012) to determine the feasibility »» Henderson County Commissioners of converting an existing inactive rail corridor into a » paved shared-use trail for the purposes of providing » Henderson County Chamber of Commerce alternative transportation, recreation, and economic »» Henderson County Tourism Development development. This railroad corridor would connect Authority BrevardTable to of Hendersonville Contents (approximately 20 miles). »» Hendersonville Family YMCA ThisintroduCtion study recommends utilizing the railbankingoPPortunities pro- and Constraints Tourism Impact 5-4 cessOverview for acquiring the railroad corridor1-1 Overview from Watco »» League3-1 ofDirect Women Use Impact Voters of Henderson County5-5 Health Care Cost Reduction Impact 5-7 TransportationProject Purpose Services and1-1 aOpportunities phasing plan for » 3-1 History of the Rail Line 1-1 Challenges » NC-Rail3-2 EnvironmentalTrails Impact 5-8 implementation. Planning Context 1-2 »» TransylvaniaMarket Analysis County Tourism Development5-9 Summary and Cost-Benefit »» ResidentsRecreational owning and Cultural property Resources along 1-2the lEcustaegal ocorridorwnersHiP evaluation AuthorityAnalysis 5-14 expressed concern over the interactionOverview between their 4-1 »» Resolution by City of Hendersonville to Add the propertyexisting andConditions the proposed trail. For Establishmentthe Ecusta Rail of the Rail Corridor 4-1 eCommendations Overview 2-1 Use of the Rail Corridor Ecusta 4-3 Trailr to the Metropolitan Transportation Trail to be successful, design of the rail trail will need Overview 6-1 Physical Features 2-1 Current Property Information Plan to incorporate adjacent landowners requests during Alignment 6-1 Natural Features 2-1 along the Corridor 4-6 Structural Improvements 6-2 theCultural design and phase, Historic and Resources build upon 2-17 recommendationsLand Acquisition Strategy and Costs...4-7 Costs 6-4 fromDestinations the Ecusta and ConnectionsRail Trail Planning 2-18 Study & Economic Distance: 20 miles to Hendersonville, 8 Phasing Plan 6-5 ImpactInfrastructure Analysis that highlight specific2-21 eConomiC locations imPaCt for analysis miles total withinSummary Transylvaniaof Estimated Costs and County Rail Line Structural Assessment 2-24 Overview 5-1 vegetative screening along residential development. Benefits 6-26 Environmental Issues 2-61 Economic Impact from Upfront Trailhead and Support Facilities 6-26 Conclusion 2-61 Construction 5-2 Property Value Impact 5-2

Rail trail example from the Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study and Economic Impact Analysis (2012) - Appendix D of study completed in 2012 includes further design guidance. Additional guidance on shared use paths can also be found at http://ruraldesignguide. com/physically-separated/shared-use-path.

A-6 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN The Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study & Economic Impact Analysis recommends The Ecusta Rail Trail was trailhead locations, scenic overlooks, vegetative screening along residential identified as a priority Henderson County developments, and connectivity to specific destinations along the corridor. in Henderson County’s Phasing map example Transylvania County A phasing plan is detailed in the document as well. The study and its Greenway Master Plan from the Ecusta Rail recommendations can be accessed through the City of Hendersonville website (2018) Trail Planning Study here - https://www.hendersonvillenc.gov/ecusta-rail-trail-planning-study- & Economic Impact economic-impact-analysis. Analysis.

Figure 6.9 – Transylvania County Phase 1: Brevard Bike Path to Proposed Everett Road Trailhead Henderson-

Approximately Trailhead #7 ville 90’ existing bridge (Phase 1 limits; across creek and see p 6-33) road Phase 3 is recommended Trail intersection with Intersection improvement spur to Old Mill site and with radius reduction interpretive signage required; Screen trail from substation to begin at the eastern terminus of Phase 2 and end at the Henderson County line. revard B in

Tie into existing trail rail system in Brevard y t 1 1 (Phase 1 limits) 4 of

w hase hase hase nd H e P P e P Corridor Overview Key Map ll Phase 2 is recommended Transylvania i County v e h to begin at a proposed s Henderson County A trailhead at the Crab

Recommendations 6-19 Creek Road intersection and end at a proposed Phase 4 is recommended scenic overlook of the to fill the gap between French Broad River near phases 1 and 2 and is to King Creek. Phase 1 is recommended include a scenic overlook to begin at the existing of the French Broad River. BrevardUV280 Greenway and end at a proposed trailhead ¤£276 located just past Everett Road. Hendersonville Hwy

¤£64

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R d Little River Eve ret t Rd Brevard

Phasing map overview from the Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study & Rd son Economic Impact Cra il b Cr W Analysis. eek Rd Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

Proposed Ecusta Rail Trail Brevard Greenway 0 0.5 1 Miles I Hiking/Mt Biking Trails

In Development APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-7 PROJECT EXAMPLE: BREVARD TO ROSMAN SIDEPATH/ GREENWAY

This project sheet details considerations for Connection Opportunities the proposed sidepath/greenway between »» City of Brevard and developing greenway network Brevard and Rosman. This would provide a link between the two largest population centers in »» Downtown Rosman Transylvania County, and serve as an essential »» Rosman Community Park passageway to the southwestern portion of »» Existing Rosman Greenway Transylvania County, including Gorges State Park and the Lake Toxaway community. This corridor »» Multiple businesses along the corridor is also identified as a designated growth area in »» Multiple residences along the corridor the Transylvania County Comprehensive Plan. »» Rosman and Brevard schools »» Ride Transylvania County Bike Route #6 (Tour de Brevard to Rosman Sidepath/Greenway Transylvania) »» From the developing Brevard greenway system, this option would utilize the US 64 corridor to construct a Previous Plans sidepath within the existing ROW. Due to high traffic volumes and speed limits, physical separation from »» Transylvania County CTP (2012) automobile traffic is needed. This option could be »» Ride Transylvania County Bike Routes Map (2017) completed with future improvements to the US 64 » corridor or as a standalone project. » Corridor identified as a Designated Growth Area in Transylvania County’s Comprehensive Plan »» This project could be built in phases based on oppor- » tunities that may arise with future roadway work » Under consideration in SPOT 5.0 along the US 64 corridor. Presently, the predominant »» Blue Ridge Bicycle Plan (2013) roadway characteristics change in certain locations along the corridor (see map to the right). »» Catheys Creek and the bridge just south of Cashiers Valley Road are two locations where substantial bridge structures may be needed if existing bridge space cannot be reconfigured to include space for a sidepath. Distance = 8 miles Appropriate sidepath design through intersections is critical for the safety and comfort of bicyclists, pedestrians, and motorists. See the Design Guidelines Appendix for further detail on design considerations and options, including the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks design guides - http://ruraldesignguide.com/physically-separated.

A-8 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN This section from S. Broad Street in Brevard to Orchard Lane will be the most challenging due to less available ROW, driveway frequency, high traffic Brevard volumes, limited pavement width, and drainage. Corridor study needed to further examine bicycle facility and overall streetscape considerations.

Orchard Ln C l em e

R d

From Orchard Lane to Clement Road, the existing US 64 cross From Clement Road to Old Rosman section changes to four lane Highway, the cross section changes divided. A sidepath should be to two lanes. A sidepath should constructed along this section be constructed along this section within the existing ROW. as part of any future roadway improvements or as a stand alone project. Ample ROW currently exists along this section.

¤£64

y w H n a m Construct a sidepath s o along Old Rosman R Highway from US 64 to y w the existing greenway H n in Rosman. a m s o R

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Rosman

The 0.22 mile connection from the existing greenway Rosman in Rosman to the Rosman Community Park should Community be considered for the first phase of this project. Park

Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

Brevard to Rosman Sidepath

Existing Greenway 0 0.5 1 In Development Miles I

APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-9 PROJECT EXAMPLE: BREVARD Connection Opportunities TO MILLS RIVER - NC 280 TRAIL »» Brevard Greenway NC 280 serves as a direct commercial link from »» Pisgah National Forest Brevard through the northern/northeastern end »» City of Brevard of Transylvania County, connecting directly to »» Town of Mills River Mills River, and eventually Asheville. This project would consist of a shared use path along or near »» NC 8 - Southern Highlands Bike Route the NC 280 corridor as identified in the 2014 »» Ride Transylvania County Bike Route #6 (Tour de Mills River NC 280 Corridor Study. This corridor Transylvania) and #7 (Looking Glass Rock Loop) provides the flattest connection through the »» Multiple businesses along corridor valley, also serving as a gateway into Transylvania County and Pisgah National Forest from the »» Multiple residences along corridor north. The southern terminus of this project could connect into the future NC 280/US 64/US Previous Plans 276 intersection improvements and Davidson »» NC 280 Corridor Bikeway Study (2014) River bike/ped bridge that will also connect to the Brevard Greenway and Pisgah National »» Resolution #05-2017 In Support of Next Steps to Forest. Determine Feasibility of NC 280 Multi-Use Path from Mills River to Brevard Distance: 15 miles to Mills River, 5.4 miles »» Transylvania County CTP (2012) NC 280 CORRIDOR BIKEWAYto the Henderson County STUDY line »» Under consideration in SPOT 5.0 » TOWN OF MILLS RIVER AND TRANSYLVANIA » BlueCOUNTY Ridge Bicycle Plan (2013)

Appropriate sidepath design through intersections is critical for the safety and comfort of bicyclists, pedestrians, and motorists. See the Design Guidelines Appendix for further detail on design considerations and options, including the Small Town and Rural Multimodal Networks design guides - http://ruraldesignguide.com/physically-separated. Photo visualization of the proposed project from the NC 280 Corridor Bikeway Study (2014)

A-10 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN

Prepared by Alta Planning+Design and Kostelec Planning for the Town of Mills River and Transylvania County, NC

June 23 2014 Henderson County Transylvania County Mills River

to S ut n Connect to Mills River. C

k R Pisgah d National Forest

The future US 64/US 276/ gRd in NC 280 intersection project K (R-5799) will include bicycle and pedestrian accommodations through Most of this project the intersection. The could likely be southern terminus of this constructed within project should connect the existing ROW. into these future facilities The ROW in this here. In combination with section just north of T the future Davidson Riveru the US 64/US 276/ rk e bike/ped bridge (EB-5858),y NC 280 intersection C this project would connect re is constrained and e k to the Brevard Greenway R needs further study y d w across Davidson River. regarding optimal H le il alignment. v e h s A

P isg ah Hw y UV280 ¤£276

Hendersonville Hwy Brevard ¤£64

c E Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

Image above from page 20 of the NC 280 Corridor Bikeway Study (2014) NC 280 Sidepath

Brevard Greenway 0 0.5 1 Hiking/Mt Biking Trails Miles I In Development APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-11 PLANNING LEVEL COST ESTIMATES FOR PROJECTS IN TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY To develop planning level cost estimates for bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure projects, NCDOT has developed a cost estimator tool to provide a starting point for local practitioners, with help as needed from local engineering and NCDOT Division staff. The bicycle/pedestrian cost estimator tool can be accessed here - https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/BikePed/Pages/Guidance.aspx. Inputs for the cost estimator tool are tailored to different infrastructure types including sidewalks, bike lanes, shared use paths, midblock crosswalks, paved shoulder, intersection treatments, bike/ped bridges, and shared lane markings.

Below is a list of bike/ped projects in Transylvania County that have been assigned a planning level cost estimate using the bicycle/pedestrian cost estimator tool, and were submitted for consideration in STI process (SPOT 5.0.).

A map of all bike/ped projects (as well as highway projects) that have been considered in SPOT 5.0 for Transylvania County (and all of North Carolina) can be accessed here - http://ncdot.maps.arcgis.com/ home/webmap/viewer. Further information on the costs associated with bike/ped projects (and highway projects) in Transylvania County can be found through the Land of Sky RPO website at http://www. landofsky.org/rpo.html or contacting the Land of Sky RPO.

Costs for bicycle infrastructure vary greatly county to county and site to site. Cost information should be used only for estimating purposes and not necessarily for determining actual bid prices for a specific infrastructure project.

Aside from the Davidson River Bike/Ped Bridge (previously funded and scheduled for construction in 2022) and the Brevard greenway projects (City of Brevard is committed to completing priority greenways by 2021), no funding has been dedicated to these projects at this time.

TABLE A1 - Bike/Ped projects that have previously been assigned a planning level cost estimate and submitted for consideration through the STI process.

Proposed Project Cost Estimate Distance (Miles) Brevard to Rosman Sidepath/Greenway $7,126,000 7.73

Brevard College Greenway $753,000 0.96

Brevard Greenway (McLean Rd to Main St) $585,000 0.65

Brevard Greenway (Main St to Mills Ave) $285,000 0.24

Brevard Greenway (Hillview St to Probart St) $525,000 0.56

Brevard High School Greenway $930,000 1.18

Rosman Main St Connector $182,000 0.19

Rosman Community Park Connector $275,000 0.24

Davidson River Bike/Ped Bridge $600,000 n/a

*Separate from the STI process, the Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study & Economic Impact Analysis includes a detailed cost estimate (in 2012 dollars) for the entire length of the proposed Ecusta Rail Trail. This cost estimate can be accessed here - https://www.hendersonvillenc.gov/ecusta-rail-trail-planning-study- economic-impact-analysis.

*Planning Level Cost Estimate Proposed Ecusta Rail Trail 19 miles - $13,500,000 (2012 Dollars)

A-12 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Highway projects, such as the Wilson Road improvement project, that are developed primarily for the purpose of improving motorist safety, roadway maintenance, and emergency support can also serve bicyclists as an auxiliary function. 4’ paved shoulders included in the design, while primarily serving as a safety improvement for motorists, can improve safety for bicyclists along Wilson Road by providing additional pavement space outside of the travel lanes.

Multiple roadway projects in Transylvania County have been proposed and/or funded through the STI process. The table below provides a summary of projects that may also include improvements that benefit bicyclists. See the previous page for further information on these projects that can be found through the NCDOT and/or Land of Sky RPO websites.

TABLE A2 - Highway projects (with potential benefit to bicyclists) that have previously been assigned a planning level cost estimate and submitted for consideration through the STI process.

Proposed Project Description Cost Estimate Status Davidson River Village New roadway construction (bike lanes to be Under Connector (US 64 to US $10,700,000 constructed as part of this project). construction 276/US 64) Scheduled Wilson Road (Old US 64 to Upgrade Roadway. Proposed Typical Is 22’ $32,000,000 construction US 276) Paved Roadway with 4’ Paved Shoulders. year - 2021 Scheduled US 64/US 276/NC 280 Dual roundabout construction with bike/ped $13,600,000 construction intersection improvements year - 2021 Access management improvements. Scheduled N. Broad Street (Caldwell St Project design includes bike lanes and wide $16,450,000 construction to Fortune Cove Rd) sidewalks (sidepaths). year - 2024 Modernize roadway, improve intersections, Neely Rd/Parkview Dr/ include curb and gutter, bike lanes and $24,947,000 Unfunded Chestnut St sidewalk. Ecusta Road (Old US 64 to Upgrade Roadway; install curb and Gutter, $11,510,000 Unfunded US 64) Build to complete streets standards. Upgrade Roadway to NCDOT standards, North Country Club Rd (US include curb and gutter, bike and pedestrian $24,197,000 Unfunded 64 to Barclay Rd) accommodations. US 64/Rosman Hwy Widen existing roadway to 4 lane divided. (Clement Rd to Park n Ride Consider addition of shared use path within $36,000,000 Unfunded lot appx 800 feet past US right of way. 178) Everett Road (Old US 64 to Upgrade Roadway. Proposed Typical Is 22’ $25,033,00 Unfunded Crab Creek Rd) Paved Roadway with 4’ Paved Shoulders.

APPENDIX A: DESIGN RESOURCES l A-13 APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES

A-14 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN OVERVIEW TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES When considering possible funding sources for Transportation Alternatives (TA) is a funding bicycle projects, it is important to remember that source under the FAST Act that consolidates three not all construction activities or programs will be formerly separate programs under SAFETEA-LU: accomplished with a single funding source. It will Transportation Enhancements (TE), Safe Routes to be necessary to consider several sources of funding School (SRTS), and the Recreational Trails Program that together will support full project completion. (RTP). Funds are available through a competitive Funding sources can be used for a variety of process. These funds may be used for a variety activities, including: programs, planning, design, of pedestrian, bicycle, and streetscape projects. implementation, and maintenance. This appendix These include: outlines the most likely sources of funding from the federal, state, and local government levels as • SRTS programs - infrastructure and well as from the private and non-profit sectors. noninfrastructure programs-- Note that this reflects the funding available at the • Construction, planning, and design of on-road time of writing. Funding amounts, cycles, and the and off-road trail facilities for pedestrians, programs themselves may change over time. bicyclists, and other nonmotorized forms of transportation, including sidewalks, bikeways, FEDERAL FUNDING SOURCES pedestrian and bicycle signals, traffic calming Federal funding is typically directed through state techniques, and lighting and other safety- agencies to local governments either in the form related infrastructure of grants or direct appropriations. Federal funding • Construction, planning, and design of typically requires a local match of five percent to infrastructure-related projects and systems 50 percent, but there are sometimes exceptions. that will provide safe routes for non-drivers, The following is a list of possible Federal funding including children, seniors, and individuals sources that could be used to support construction with disabilities of bicycle improvements. • Construction of rail-trails • Recreational trails program FIXING AMERICA’S SURFACE TRANSPORTATION (FAST ACT) Eligible entities for TA funding include local In December 2015, President Obama signed the governments, regional transportation authorities, FAST Act into law, which replaces the previous transit agencies, natural resource or public Moving Ahead for Progress in the Twenty-First land agencies, school districts or schools, tribal Century (MAP-21). The Act provides a long- governments, and any other local or regional term funding source of $305 billion for surface government entity with responsibility for oversight transportation and planning for FY 2016-2020. of transportation or recreational trails that the Overall, the FAST Act retains eligibility for big State determines to be eligible. programs - Transportation Investments Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER - now called BUILD), The FAST Act provides $84 million for the Surface Transportation Program (STP), Congestion Recreational Trails Program. Funding is prorated Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ), and Highway among the 50 states and Washington D.C. in Safety Improvement Program (HSIP). proportion to the relative amount of off-highway recreational fuel tax that its residents paid. To In North Carolina, federal monies are administered administer the funding, states hold a statewide through the North Carolina Department of competitive process. The legislation stipulates that Transportation (NCDOT) and Metropolitan /Rural funds must conform to the distribution formula of Planning Organizations (MPOs/RPOs). Most, but 30% for motorized projects, 30% for non-motorized not all, of these programs are oriented toward projects, and 40% for mixed used projects. transportation versus recreation, with an emphasis on reducing auto trips and providing inter-modal For more information: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ connections. Federal funding is intended for fastact/factsheets/transportationalternativesfs. capital improvements and safety and education cfm programs, and projects must relate to the surface transportation system.

For more information, visit: https://www. transportation.gov/fastact

APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-1 HIGHWAY SAFETY IMPROVEMENT OTHER FEDERAL FUNDING PROGRAM SOURCES HSIP provides $2.4 billion for projects and programs that help communities achieve BUILD TRANSPORTATION significant reductions in traffic fatalities and DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAM serious injuries on all public roads, bikeways, The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 and walkways. Bicycle and pedestrian safety appropriated $1.5 billion, available for improvements, enforcement activities, traffic obligation through September 30, 2020, for calming projects, and crossing treatments for National Infrastructure Investments previously non-motorized users in school zones are eligible known as TIGER grants, and now renamed for these funds. BUILD Transportation grants. As with previous rounds of TIGER, funds for the FY2018 BUILD For more information: http://www.fhwa.dot. Transportation program are to be awarded on gov/fastact/factsheets/hsipfs.cfm a competitive basis for projects that will have a significant local or regional impact. SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL (SRTS) PROGRAM Funding provided under National Infrastructure SRTS enables and encourages children to walk Investments have supported capital projects and bike to school. The program helps make which repair bridges or improve infrastructure to walking and bicycling to school a safe and more a state of good repair; projects that implement appealing method of transportation for children. safety improvements to reduce fatalities and SRTS facilitates the planning, development, serious injuries, including improving grade and implementation of projects and activities crossings or providing shorter or more direct that will improve safety and reduce traffic, fuel access to critical health services; projects that consumption, and air pollution in the vicinity connect communities and people to jobs, of schools. Most of the types of eligible SRTS services, and education; and, projects that projects include sidewalks or a shared-use anchor economic revitalization and job growth path. However, intersection improvements (i.e. in communities. DOT intends to award a greater signalization, marking/upgrading crosswalks, share of FY2018 BUILD Transportation grants etc.), on street bicycle facilities (bike lanes, wide to projects located in rural areas that align well paved shoulders, etc.) or off-street shared-use with the selection criteria than to such projects paths are also eligible for SRTS funds. in urban areas.

For more information: http://www.fhwa. For more information: https://www. dot.gov/environment/safe_routes_ transportation.gov/BUILDgrants/2018-build- to_school/guidance/#toc123542170 application-faqs

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION Under Economic Development Administration’s (EDA) Public Works and Economic Adjustment Assistance programs, grant applications are accepted for projects that promote economic development. State and local entities may apply for funding for projects that address a wide range of economic challenges. Under this program, Implementation Grants support infrastructure improvements, including site acquisition, site preparation, construction, and rehabilitation of facilities. Selection criteria emphasize projects that are able to start quickly, create jobs faster, and that will enable the community or region to become more economically prosperous.

For more information: https://www.eda.gov/ funding-opportunities/index.htm

B-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN FEDERAL LANDS TRANSPORTATION on lasting accomplishments. Project applicants PROGRAM (FLTP) may be state and local agencies, tribes, nonprofit The FLTP funds projects that improve organizations, or citizen groups. National parks and transportation infrastructure owned and other federal agencies may apply in partnership maintained by the following Federal Lands with other local organizations. This program Management Agencies: National Park Service may benefit trail development in North Carolina (NPS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), USDA indirectly through technical assistance, particularly Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management for community organizations, but is not a capital (BLM), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of funding source. Reclamation, and independent Federal agencies with land and natural resource management For more information: https://www.nps.gov/orgs/ responsibilities. FLTP funds are for available rtca/index.htm for program administration, transportation planning, research, engineering, rehabilitation, ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION construction, and restoration of Federal Lands CLEANUP FUNDING SOURCES Transportation Facilities. Transportation projects EPA’s Brownfields Program provides direct funding that are on the public network that provide for brownfields assessment, cleanup, revolving access to, adjacent to, or through Federal lands loans, and environmental job training. EPA’s are also eligible for funding. Under the FAST Brownfields Program collaborates with other Act, $335 - $375 million has been allocated to EPA programs, other federal partners, and state the program per fiscal year from 2016 - 2020. agencies to identify and leverage more resources for brownfields activities. The EPA provides For more information: https://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/ assessment grants to recipients to characterize, programs/fltp/documents/FAST%20FLTP%20 assess, and conduct community involvement fact%20sheet.pdf related to brownfields sites. They also provide Area-wide planning grants (AWP) which provides FEDERAL LAND AND WATER communities with funds to research, plan, and CONSERVATION FUND develop implementation strategies for areas The Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) affected by one or more brownfields. provides grants for planning and acquiring outdoor recreation areas and facilities, including trails. For more information: https://www.epa.gov/ Funds can be used for right-of-way acquisition brownfields/types-brownfields-grant-funding and construction. The program is administered by the Department of Environment and Natural NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE Resources as a grant program for states and local FOUNDATION: FIVE STAR & URBAN governments. Maximum annual grant awards for WATERS RESTORATION GRANT county governments, incorporated municipalities, PROGRAM public authorities, and federally recognized Indian The Five Star & Urban Waters Restoration Grant tribes are $250,000. The local match may be Program seeks to develop community capacity to provided with in-kind services or cash. sustain local natural resources for future generations by providing modest financial assistance to diverse For more information: https://www.nps.gov/ local partnerships for wetland, riparian, forest subjects/lwcf/stateside.htm and coastal habitat restoration, urban wildlife conservation, stormwater management as well RIVERS, TRAILS, AND as outreach, education and stewardship. Projects CONSERVATION ASSISTANCE should focus on water quality, watersheds and the PROGRAM habitats they support. The program focuses on five The Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance priorities: on-the-ground restoration, community Program (RTCA) is a National Parks Service (NPS) partnerships, environmental outreach, education, program that provides technical assistance via and training, measurable results, and sustainability. direct NPS staff involvement to establish and Eligible applicants include nonprofit organizations, restore greenways, rivers, trails, watersheds and state government agencies, local governments, open space. The RTCA program only provides municipal governments, tribes, and educational planning assistance; there are no implementation institutions. Projects are required to meet or exceed funds available. Projects are prioritized for a 1:1 match to be competitive. assistance based on criteria, including conserving significant community resources, fostering For more information: http://www.nfwf.org/ cooperation between agencies, serving a large fivestar/Pages/home.aspx number of users, encouraging public involvement in planning and implementation, and focusing APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-3 STATE FUNDING SOURCES Connectivity 10% • Definition: Measure impact of project on NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT reliability and quality of network OF TRANSPORTATION (NCDOT) • How it’s measured: Creates score per each STRATEGIC TRANSPORTATION Strategic Transportation Investments based INVESTMENTS (STI) on degree of bike/ped separation from The NCDOT’s State Transportation Improvement roadway and connectivity to similar or Program is based on the Strategic Transportation better project type Investments Bill, signed into law in 2013. The Strategic Transportation Investments (STI) Cost Effectiveness 5% Initiative includes the Strategic Mobility Formula, • Definition: Ratio of calculated user benefit a way to fund and prioritize transportation divided by NCDOT project cost projects. • How it’s measured: Safety + Demand + Access + Connectivity)/Estimated Project The Strategic Mobility Formula assigns projects Cost to NCDOT for all modes into one of three categories: 1) Statewide Mobility, 2) Regional Impact, and 3) Local Input 50% Division Needs. • Definition: Input from MPO/RPOs and NCDOT Divisions, which comes in the form All independent bicycle and pedestrian projects points assigned to projects. are placed in the “Division Needs” category, • How it is measured: Base points + points for and are currently ranked based on 50% data population size. A given project is more likely (safety, access, demand, connectivity, and to get funded if it is assigned base points cost effectiveness) and 50% local input, with a from both the MPO/RPO and the Division, breakdown as follows: making the need for communicating the importance of projects to these groups Safety 15% critical. Further, projects that have a local • Definition: Projects or improvements where match will score higher. bicycle or pedestrian accommodations are non-existent or inadequate for safety of Additional bicycle and pedestrian project users • How it’s measured: Crash history, posted requirements: speed limits, and estimated safety benefit • Federal funding typically requires a 20% • Calculation: non-federal match • Bicycle/pedestrian crashes along the • State law prohibits state match for bicycle corridor within last five years: 40% weight and pedestrian projects (except for Powell • Posted speed limits, with higher points Bill). Since state law prohibits state monies for higher limits: 40% weight from being the match for bicycle and • Project safety benefit, measured by each pedestrian projects, the county will need to specific improvement: 20% weight supply the 20% match from other sources, such as the county’s own funds, matching grants, etc. Access 10% • Limited number of project submittals per • Definition: Destinations that draw or MPO/RPO/Division generate high volumes of bikes/pedestrians • Minimum project cost requirement is • How it’s measured: Type of and distance to $100,000 destination • Bike/Ped projects typically include: bicycle lanes, side path/greenway, paved Demand 10% shoulders, sidewalks, pedestrian signals, • Definition: Projects serving large resident or SRTS infrastructure projects, and other employee user groups streetscape/multi-site improvements (such • How its measured: # of households and as median refuge, signage, etc.) employees per square mile within 1 ½ mile bicycle or ½ mile pedestrian facility + These rankings largely determine which projects factor for unoccupied housing units (second will be included in NCDOT’s State Transportation homes) Improvement Program (STIP). The STIP is a federally mandated transportation planning document that details transportation planning improvements prioritized by the stakeholders for inclusion in NCDOT’s Work Program. The STIP B-4 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN is updated every 2 years. The STIP contains funding SPOT SAFETY PROGRAM information for various transportation divisions The Spot Safety Program is a state-funded of NCDOT, including, highways, rail, bicycle and public safety investment and improvement pedestrian, public transportation and aviation. A program that provides highly effective low- project does not have to be fully funded to be in cost safety improvements for intersections and the STIP. sections of North Carolina’s 79,000 miles of state maintained roads in all 100 counties of For more information on STIP: https://www. North Carolina. The Spot Safety Program is used ncdot.gov/initiatives-policies/Transportation/stip/ to develop smaller improvement projects to Pages/default.aspx address safety, potential safety, and operational issues. The program is funded with state funds INCIDENTAL PROJECTS and currently receives approximately $9 million Bicycle and Pedestrian accommodations such per state fiscal year. Other monetary sources as; bike lanes, wide paved shoulders, sidewalks, (such as Small Construction or Contingency intersection improvements, bicycle and pedestrian funds) can assist in funding Spot Safety projects, safe bridge design, etc. are frequently included as however, the maximum allowable contribution “incidental” features of larger highway/roadway of Spot Safety funds per project is $250,000. projects. This is increasingly common with the adoption of NCDOT’s “Complete Streets” Policy. The Spot Safety Program targets hazardous locations for expedited low cost safety In addition, bicycle safe drainage grates and improvements such as traffic signals, turn lanes, handicapped accessible sidewalk ramps are now a improved shoulders, intersection upgrades, standard feature of all NCDOT highway construction. positive guidance enhancements (rumble strips, Most pedestrian safety accommodations built by improved channelization, raised pavement NCDOT are included as part of scheduled highway markers, long life highly visible pavement improvement projects funded with a combination markings), improved warning and regulatory of federal and state roadway construction funds, signing, roadside safety improvements, school and usually with a local match. On-road bicycle safety improvements, and safety appurtenances accommodations, if warranted, typically do not (like guardrail and crash attenuators). require a local match. A Safety Oversight Committee (SOC) reviews and “Incidental Projects” are often constructed as recommends Spot Safety projects to the Board of part of a larger transportation project, when Transportation (BOT) for approval and funding. they are justified by local plans that show these Criteria used by the SOC to select projects for improvements as part of a larger, multi-modal recommendation to the BOT include, but are not transportation system. Having a local bicycle or limited to, the frequency of correctable crashes, pedestrian plan is important, because it allows severity of crashes, delay, congestion, number of NCDOT to identify where bike and pedestrian signal warrants met, effect on pedestrians and improvements are needed, and can be included schools, division and region priorities, and public as part of highway or street improvement project. interest. It also helps local government identify what their priorities are and how they might be able to pay For more information: https://connect.ncdot. for these projects. Under “Complete Streets” local gov/resources/safety/Pages/NC-Highway- governments may be responsible for a portion of Safety-Program-and-Projects.aspx the costs for bicycle and pedestrian projects. The cost share breakdown is based on population size HIGHWAY HAZARD ELIMINATION as follows: PROGRAM The Hazard Elimination Program is used to • 100,000 = 50% local match develop larger improvement projects to • 50,000 - 100,000 = 40% local match address safety and potential safety issues. The • 10,000 - 50,000 = 30% local match program is funded with 90 percent federal • 10,000 = 20% local match funds and 10 percent state funds. The cost of Hazard Elimination Program projects typically For more information: https://connect.ncdot. ranges between $400,000 and $1 million. A gov/projects/research/Pages/ProjDetails. Safety Oversight Committee (SOC) reviews and aspx?ProjectID=2014-06 recommends Hazard Elimination projects to the Board of Transportation (BOT) for approval and funding. These projects are prioritized for funding according to a safety benefit to cost

APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-5 (B/C) ratio, with the safety benefit being based river trails and off-highway vehicle trails. Grants on crash reduction. Once approved and funded are available to governmental agencies and by the BOT, these projects become part of the nonprofit organizations. The maximum grant department’s State Transportation Improvement amount is $100,000 and requires a 25% match Program (STIP). of RTP funds received. Permissible uses include: • New trail or greenway construction For more information: https://connect.ncdot. • Trail or greenway renovation gov/resources/safety/Pages/NC-Highway- • Approved trail or greenway facilities Safety-Program-and-Projects.aspx • Trail head/ trail markers • Purchase of tools to construct and/or GOVERNOR’S HIGHWAY SAFETY renovate trails/greenways PROGRAM • Land acquisition for trail purposes Dedicated to reducing the numbers of traffic • Planning, legal, environmental, and crashes and fatalities in North Carolina, the permitting costs - up to 10% of grant Governor’s Highway Safety Program promotes amount efforts to reduce traffic crashes in North Carolina • Combination of the above and promotes highway safety awareness through a variety of grants and safe-driving initiatives. For more information: http://www.ncparks.gov/ more-about-us/grants/trail-grants/recreational- These grants as well as initiatives – like Click It trails-program or Ticket, Booze It & Lose It, BikeSafe NC, Watch For Me NC and Speed a Little. Lose a Lot. – help NC PARKS AND RECREATION address issues such as impaired driving, seat belt TRUST FUND (PARTF) use, speeding, distracted driving, motorcycle The Parks and Recreation Trust Fund (PARTF) safety, bicycle safety, pedestrian safety and provides dollar-for-dollar matching grants to other aspects of highway safety. local governments for parks and recreational projects to serve the general public. Counties, GHSP also helps fund North Carolina’s Vision incorporated municipalities, and public Zero initiative, which is working to meet the goal authorities, are eligible applicants. A local of zero deaths on the state’s roadways through government can request a maximum of $500,000 community involvement and data-driven safety with each application. An applicant must match interventions. the grant dollar-for-dollar, 50 percent of the total cost of the project, and may contribute more For more information: https://www.ncdot.gov/ than 50 percent. The appraised value of land to initiatives-policies/safety/ghsp/Pages/default. be donated to the applicant can be used as part aspx of the match. The value of in-kind services, such as volunteer work, cannot be used as part of SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL (SRTS) the match. Property acquired with PARTF funds SRTS is managed by NCDOT, but is must be dedicated for public recreational use. federally funded; See Federal Funding Sources above for more information. For more information: http://www. ncparks.gov/more-about-us/parks- THE NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION recreation-trust-fund/eligibility OF PARKS AND RECREATION – RECREATIONAL TRAILS AND CLEAN WATER MANAGEMENT ADOPT-A-TRAIL GRANTS TRUST FUND The Adopt-a-Trail Grant Program (AAT) awards The Clean Water Management Trust Fund $108,000 annually to government agencies, (CWMTF) is available to any state agency, nonprofit organizations and private trail groups local government, or non-profit organization for trail projects. Funding from the federal whose primary purpose is the conservation, Recreational Trails Program (RTP), which is preservation, and restoration of North Carolina’s used for renovating or constructing trails and environmental and natural resources. Grant greenways, is allocated to states. The North assistance is provided to conservation projects Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation and that: the State Trails Program manages these funds • enhance or restore degraded waters; with a goal of helping citizens, organizations • protect unpolluted waters, and/or and agencies plan, develop and manage all • contribute toward a network of riparian types of trails ranging from greenways and buffers and greenways for environmental, trails for hiking, biking, and horseback riding to educational, and recreational benefits; • provide buffers around military bases to B-6 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN protect the military mission; • acquire land that represents the ecological APPALACHIAN REGIONAL diversity of North Carolina; and COMMISSION • acquire land that contributes to the The Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) development of a balanced State program of is a regional economic development agency historic properties. that represents a partnership of federal, state, and local government. Established by an act For more information: http://www.cwmtf. of Congress in 1965, ARC is composed of the net/#appmain.htm governors of the 13 Appalachian states and a federal co-chair, who is appointed by the DUKE ENERGY WATER RESOURCES president. Local participation is provided through FUND multi-county local development districts. ARC Duke Energy is investing $10 million in a fund for invests in activities that address the five goals projects that benefit waterways in the Carolinas. identified in the Commission’s strategic plan: The fund supports science-based, research- • Goal 1: Economic Opportunities - Invest in supported projects and programs that provide entrepreneurial and business development direct benefit to at least one of the following focus strategies that strengthen Appalachia’s areas: economy. • Improve water quality, quantity and • Goal 2: Ready Workforce - Increase the conservation; education, knowledge, skills, and health • Enhance fish and wildlife habitats; of residents to work and succeed in • Expand public use and access to waterways; Appalachia. and • Goal 3: Critical Infrastructure - Invest • Increase citizens’ awareness about their roles in critical infrastructure—especially in protecting these resources. broadband; transportation, including the Appalachian Development Highway System; Applications are open to nonprofit organizations and water/wastewater systems. and local government agencies. Funding decisions • Goal 4: Natural and Cultural Assets - are made twice a year. Local and regional Strengthen Appalachia’s community and government agencies could consider this resource economic development potential by for proposed greenways across the region. leveraging the Region’s natural and cultural heritage assets. For more information: http://www. • Goal 5: Leadership and Community Capacity nccommunityfoundation.org/page/other-grant- - Build the capacity and skills of current and opportunities/duke-energy-water-resource- next-generation leaders and organizations fund-grants/applying-to-the-duke-energy-water- to innovate, collaborate, and advance resources-fund community and economic development.

URBAN AND COMMUNITY Program grants are awarded to state and local FORESTRY GRANT agencies and governmental entities (such as The North Carolina Division of Forest Resources economic development authorities), local Urban and Community Forestry grant can provide governing boards (such as county councils), funding for a variety of projects that will help and nonprofit organizations (such as schools plan and establish street trees as well as trees for and organizations that build low-cost housing). urban open space. The goal is to improve public Contracts are awarded for research on topics understanding of the benefits of preserving that directly impact economic development in existing tree cover in communities and assist the Appalachian Region. local governments with projects which will lead to more effective and efficient management of For more information: https://www.arc.gov/ urban and community forests. Grant requests funding/GrantsandFunding.asp should range between $1,000 and $15,000 and must be matched equally with non-federal funds. Grant funds may be awarded to any unit of local or state government, public educational institutions, approved non-profit 501(c)(3) organizations, and other tax-exempt organizations. First time municipal applicant and municipalities seeking Tree City USA status are given priority for funding.

For more information: https://www. ncforestservice.gov/Urban/urban_grant_ overview.htm APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-7 LOCAL GOVERNMENT PRIVATE AND NONPROFIT FUNDING SOURCES FUNDING SOURCES Local governments often plan for the funding Many communities have solicited funding of bicycle infrastructure or improvements assistance from private foundations and other through development of Capital Improvement conservation-minded benefactors. Below are Projects (CIP) or occasionally, through their examples of private funding opportunities. annual Operating Budgets. CIPs should include all types of capital improvements (water, sewer, FUNDING FOR TRAIL buildings, streets, etc.) versus programs for DEVELOPMENT single purposes. This allows decision-makers to balance all capital needs. Typical capital FRIENDS OF THE ECUSTA TRAIL funding mechanisms include the capital reserve Friends of the Ecusta Trail has set up a fund fund, taxes, fees, and bonds. Each category is with the Community Foundation of Henderson described below. A variety of possible funding County in order to hold restricted funds for the options available to North Carolina jurisdictions purpose of purchasing the corridor or building for implementing bicycle projects are also the Ecusta Trail in Henderson and Transylvania described below. However, many will require Counties. specific local action as a means of establishing a program if it’s not already in place. For more information: https://www.ecustatrail. org/faqs.html POWELL BILL FUNDS Annually, State street-aid (Powell Bill) RAILS-TO-TRAILS CONSERVANCY allocations are made to incorporated RTC launched a grant program in 2015 to municipalities(applicable to Brevard and support organizations and local governments Rosman) which establish their eligibility and that are implementing projects to build and qualify as outlined by G.S. 136-41.1 through improve rail-trails. Under the Doppelt Family 136-41.4. Powell Bill funds shall be expended Trail Development Fund, RTC awards a total only for the purposes of maintaining, repairing, of $85,000 per year through a competitive constructing, reconstructing or widening of process, which is then distributed among several local streets that are the responsibility of the qualifying projects. Eligible applicants include municipalities. It may also be used for planning, nonprofit organizations and state, regional, and construction, and maintenance of bikeways or local government agencies. Two types of grants sidewalks within municipal limits or within the are available - community support grants and area of a metropolitan planning organization or project transformation grants. Around three to rural planning organization. four community support grants are awarded each year, ranging from $5,000-$10,000 each. For more information: https://connect.ncdot. Community Support Grants support nonprofit gov/municipalities/State-Street-Aid/Pages/ organizations or “Friends of the Trail” groups that default.aspx need funding to get trail development or trail improvement efforts off the ground. Each year, CAPITAL RESERVE FUND 1-2 Project Transformation Grants area awarded Local governments have statutory authority that range from $15,000-$50,000. The intention to create capital reserve funds for any capital of these grants is to enable an organization to purpose, including bicycle infrastructure. The complete a significant trail development or reserve fund must be created through ordinance improvement project. For both types of grants, or resolution that states the purpose of the applications for projects on rail-trails and rails- fund, the duration of the fund, the approximate with-trails are given preference, but rail-trail amount of the fund, and the source of revenue for designation is not a requirement. The trail must the fund. Sources of revenue can include general serve multiple user types, such as bicycling, fund allocations, fund balance allocations, walking, and hiking, and must be considered a grants, and donations for the specified use. trail, greenway, or shared-use path.

OTHER LOCAL FUNDING OPTIONS For more information: http://www. • Bonds/Loans railstotrails.org/our-work/doppelt-family-trail- • Taxes development-fund/ • Impact fees • Exactions • Installment purchase financing • In-lieu-of fees • Partnerships B-8 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN BLUE RIDGE BICYCLE CLUB FUNDING FOR CONSERVATION The mission of the Blue Ridge Bicycle Club (BRBC) EFFORTS is to promote healthy and fun lifestyles through cycling in Western North Carolina. NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NFWF) A key component of BRBC’s strategic pla is to The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation increase advocacy efforts consistent with the (NFWF) is a private, nonprofit, tax-exempt mission. Accordingly, four advocacy strategies have organization chartered by Congress in 1984. The been developed. National Fish and Wildlife Foundation sustains, restores, and enhances the Nation’s fish, 1) Advocate for the health benefits of cycling wildlife, plants, and habitats. Through leadership conservation investments with public and 2) Advocate for cycling relating infrastructure (ex. private partners, the Foundation is dedicated bike lanes, racks, signage, etc.) to achieving maximum conservation impact by developing and applying best practices and 3) Increase education (cyclists and motorists) innovative methods for measurable outcomes.

4) Support legislation to improve cycling conditions The Foundation provides grants through more (local, state and national) than 70 diverse conservation grant programs. One of the most relevant programs for bicycle To encourage progress in the advocacy effort, the and pedestrian projects is Acres for America. BRBC has established a grants program intended Funding priorities include conservation of bird, to provide financial support for individuals, fish, plants and wildlife habitats, providing governments and organizations in their efforts to access for people to enjoy outdoors, and achieve results consistent with the above listed connecting existing protected lands. Federal, strategies. Grant applications are reviewed by a state, and local governement agencies, committee of BRBC members and awarded based educational institutions, Native American upon merit towards achieving BRBC’s goals and tribes, and nonprofit organizations may apply adherence to the guidelines outlined on their twice annually for matching grants. Due to the website. competitive nature of grant funding for Acres for America, all awarded grants require a minimum For more information: https://brbcnc.clubexpress. 1:1 match. com/content.aspx?page_id=22&club_ id=285841&module_id=145699 For more information: http://www.nfwf.org/ whatwedo/grants/Pages/home.aspx AMERICAN GREENWAYS EASTMAN KODAK AWARDS THE TRUST FOR PUBLIC LAND The Conservation Fund’s American Greenways Land conservation is central to the mission Program has teamed with the Eastman Kodak of the Trust for Public Land (TPL). Founded in Corporation and the National Geographic Society to 1972, the TPL is the only national non-profit award small grants ($500 to $2,500) to stimulate the working exclusively to protect land for human planning, design, and development of greenways. enjoyment and well-being. TPL helps acquire These grants can be used for activities such as land and transfer it to public agencies, land mapping, conducting ecological assessments, trusts, or other groups that intend to conserve surveying land, holding conferences, developing land for recreation and spiritual nourishment brochures, producing interpretive displays, and to improve the health and quality of life of incorporating land trusts, planning bike paths, and American communities. building trails. Grants are primarily awarded to local, regional, or statewide nonprofit organizations. For more information: http://www.tpl.org Public agencies may apply but preference is given to community organizations. Grants are awarded based LAND FOR TOMORROW on the importance of the project to local greenway CAMPAIGN development efforts, demonstrated community Land for Tomorrow is a diverse partnership support, extent to which the grant will result in of businesses, conservationists, farmers, matching funds, likelihood of tangible results, and environmental groups, health professionals, the capacity of the organization to complete the and community groups committed to securing project. Applications can be submitted from March support from the public and General Assembly 1st through June 1st of each calendar year. for protecting land, water, and historic places.

For more information: http://www.rlch.org/ funding/kodak-american-greenways-grants APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-9 The campaign was successful in 2013 in asking support of improved built environments such the North Carolina General Assembly to as sidewalks and safe places to bike. Nonprofit continue to support conservation efforts in the organizations and government entities are state. The state budget bill includes about $50 eligible to apply. Eligible grant applicants must million in funds for key conservation efforts in be located in North Carolina, be able to provide North Carolina. Land for Tomorrow works to recent tax forms, and depending on the size of enable North Carolina to reach a goal of ensuring the non-profit, provide an audit. BCBS does not that working farms and forests, sanctuaries have a traditional grant cycle and announces for wildlife, land bordering streams, parks, grant opportunities on a periodic basis. Grants and greenways, land that helps strengthen can range from small-dollar equipment grants to communities and promotes job growth, and large, multi-year partnerships. historic downtowns and neighborhoods will be there to enhance the quality of life for For more information: http://www. generations to come. bcbsncfoundation.org/faqs

For more information: http://www. DUKE ENERGY FOUNDATION land4tomorrow.org/ Funded by Duke Energy shareholders, this foundation makes charitable grants to nonprofit THE CONSERVATION ALLIANCE organizations and government agencies. Grant The Conservation Alliance is a nonprofit applicants must serve communities that are also organization of outdoor businesses whose served by Duke Energy. The grant program has collective annual membership dues support several giving priorities, including Nature, Local grassroots citizen-action groups and their Impact, and Community Initiatives that could efforts to protect wild and natural areas. Grants potentially support active living infrastructure. are typically about $35,000 each. Since its inception in 1989, The Conservation Alliance For more information: https://www.duke-energy. has contributed $4,775,059 to environmental com/community/duke-energy-foundation groups across the nation, saving over 34 million acres of wild lands. FUNDING FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES The Conservation Alliance Funding Criteria: • The project should be focused primarily on NORTH CAROLINA COMMUNITY direct citizen action to protect and enhance FOUNDATION our natural resources for recreation. The North Carolina Community Foundation, • The Alliance does not look for mainstream established in 1988, is a statewide foundation education or scientific research projects, seeking gifts from individuals, corporations, but rather for active campaigns. and other foundations to build endowments • All projects should be quantifiable, with and ensure financial security for non-profit specific goals, objectives, and action organizations and institutions throughout the plans and should include a measure for state. Based in Raleigh, the foundation also evaluating success. manages a number of community affiliates • The project should have a good chance for throughout North Carolina, that make grants in closure or significant measurable results the areas of human services, education, health, over a fairly short term (within four years). arts, religion, civic affairs, and the conservation and preservation of historical, cultural, and For more information: http://www. environmental resources. The foundation conservationalliance.com/grants/?yearly=2017 also manages various scholarship programs statewide. Nonprofit organizations and local FUNDING FOR HEALTH AND government units, such as public schools, are ENVIRONMENTAL INITIATIVES eligible to apply. The foundation will only give consideration to applicants that serve counties BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF within its affiliate network. NORTH CAROLINA FOUNDATION (BCBS) For more information: http://www. Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) focuses on programs nccommunityfoundation.org/grants- that use an outcome-based approach to improve scholarships the health and well-being of residents. The Healthy Places grant concentrates on increased physical activity and active play through

B-10 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN THE TRANSYLVANIA ENDOWMENT LOCAL TRAIL SPONSORS The Transylvania Endowment serves donors and A sponsorship program for trail amenities nonprofits. This endowment fund was established allows smaller donations to be received in 1998 by caring individuals who recognized the from both individuals and businesses. Cash importance of a permanent charitable capital donations could be placed into a trust fund to be resource to support the ever-changing needs and accessed for certain construction or acquisition opportunities in Transylvania County. projects associated with bicycle trails. Some recognition of the donors is appropriate and Contributions made to the Transylvania can be accomplished through the placement of Endowment are pooled and invested by The a plaque, the naming of a trail segment, and/ Community Foundation. Proceeds from the or special recognition at an opening ceremony. investments are used to make grants while the Types of gifts other than cash could include original gifts remain intact, continuing to grow for donations of services, equipment, labor, or the benefit of future generations. reduced costs for supplies.

The Transylvania Endowment supports nonprofit CORPORATE DONATIONS organizations and public institutions through Corporate donations are often received in the grantmaking. form of liquid investments (i.e. cash, stock, bonds) and in the form of land. Municipalities For more information: https://www. typically create funds to facilitate and simplify cfwnc.org/Nonprofits/GrantPrograms. a transaction from a corporation’s donation to aspx?s=Transylvania+Endowment the given municipality. Donations are mainly received when a widely supported capital Z. SMITH REYNOLDS FOUNDATION improvement program is implemented. This Winston-Salem-based foundation has been assisting environmental projects in North Carolina PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL DONATIONS for many years. Grant recipients include nonprofit Private individual donations can come in the form organizations, colleges and universities, religious of liquid investments (i.e. cash, stock, bonds) or entities, and government agencies that have land. Local governments typically create funds projects or programs that serve North Carolinians. to facilitate and simplify a transaction from an The Foundation focuses its grant making on five individual’s donation to the given government focus areas: Community Economic Development; entity. Donations are mainly received when a Environment; Public Education; Social Justice widely supported capital improvement program and Equity; and Strengthening Democracy. The is implemented. “environment” focus area is the most applicable for bicycle projects. This focus area seeks to protect FUNDRAISING/CAMPAIGN DRIVES and restore ecosystems in the state’s mountains and Organizations and individuals can participate coastal areas. The Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation in a fundraiser or a campaign drive. It is is committed to accommodating the increasing essential to market the purpose of a fundraiser growth demands in the state in environmentally to rally support and financial backing. Often sustainable ways, including through enhanced times fundraising satisfies the need for public transportation options. awareness, public education, and financial support. For more information: http://www.zsr.org/grants- programs In Transylvania County, local businesses could establish a voluntary fund that help BANK OF AMERICA CHARITABLE support bicycle infrastructure improvements FOUNDATION recommended in this plan. The Bank of America Charitable Foundation is one of the largest in the nation. Its grantmaking VOLUNTEER WORK activities are focused on 3 focus areas: workforce It is expected that many citizens will be excited development and education, community about the development of greenways and bicycle development, and basic needs. The area of infrastructure in Transylvania County. Individual focus most relevant to increased recreational volunteers from the community can be brought opportunities and trails is community together with groups of volunteers form church development, which provides funding for projects groups, civic groups, local businesses, scout that foster green communities and for transit troops and environmental groups to work on oriented development projects. Only nonprofit project development on special community organizations are eligible to apply for funding. workdays. Volunteers can also be used for fundraising, maintenance, and programming needs. For more information: www.bankofamerica.com/ foundation APPENDIX B: FUNDING RESOURCES l B-11 APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT

C-12 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN OVERVIEW At the end of the Chapter 2, a summary of public input is included. The graphic below shows the general set up for the open house workshops that took place in June 2018 and January 2019. Local insight was essential to this planning process, and all comments received are displayed on the following pages. Relevant results from the SPOT 5.0 Bicycle and Pedestrian Project survey, Brevard College Bicycle Survey, Transylvania County/City of Brevard Parks & Recreation Master Plan, and relevant results from the 2025 Transylvania County Comprehensive Plan survey are also included in this appendix.

Graphical representation of the set-up Red Items = Transylvania County to Provide for the public open house workshops held during the existing conditions ENTRANCE/ phase of the planning porcess EXIT

COMMENT FORM SIGN-IN COMMENT FORM COMMENT FORM 1 Table 2-3 Pens Sign-in sheets 1 Blank Name Tags PROJECT INTRO/EXISTING Open Comment Sheets CONDITIONS BOARDS 3 Easels 3 24x36 Foam Core Boards 2 3 Project Posters PUBLIC INPUT MAPS Post-it note pads for people who (to provide comments, corrections, want to leave poster comments and additions to draft maps) 2 Tables LET’S RIDE 2 Copies of large-format maps PROCESS 4 EXISTING & DRIVE 3 Open comment boards TIMELINE SAFELY IN CONDITIONS 5 Sets of markers/pens TRANSYLVANIA MAPS JUNE 2018 COUNTY! OPEN HOUSE WORKSHOP SET-UP

OPEN COMMENT BOARDS

BIKE NETWORK & DOT-VOTING BOARDS 3 Easels 3 24x36 Foam Core Boards 3 3 Project Posters Dots for voting

BICYCLE TYPES OF BICYCLE LEVEL OF BICYCLE PROGRAM COMFORT FACILITIES IDEAS

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-1 Open Ended Response Question about Share your Thoughts, concerns, priorities and results What would you like to see? 189 open ended responses

For data categorization purposes, the term “multi-use paths” includes greenways, trails, bike paths, shared use paths, Ecusta Trail and NC280 Trail DRAFT Transylvania County Bike Plan Public Input, September 2018 Report

Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? 1 want access points to DuPont Forest along roadways like 276 and Reasonover and Rich Mountain Road 2 make downtown Brevard bike- friendly 3 thank you for doing this work - I'd love to see our city become more friendly and safe for bike commuters 4 Bikes level the playing field - I would love to see one or two relatively accessible thoroughfares to allow folks in the Little River / Penrose area to get to Brevard or Henderson County on bikes - if a car breaks down or is not attainable for some, let's get them on a bike - this county needs more equitable access to population centers. 5 Ride to work 6 connect Neely Road safely to the city 7 more safe trails from Pisgah Forest area to current bike trail at Lowe's 8 more trails that go somewhere 9 create bike entrance from US 64 in Lake Toxaway into Gorges State Park 10 need bike path from high school to Roadway Avenue path 11 Rosman to Hendersonville 12 Tannery Park Connectivity 13 kids riding to school and recreation fields will encourage daily cycling: kids riding + parents = community 14 add bicycle entrance to Gorges State Park from Hwy 64 15 the map is missing a connection in Rosman area 16 Distribute bikes across all roads 17 get bike shops to send people everywhere 18 Steve T - Economics being what runs this county, I see no scenario presented in the 'plan' that does anything but increase the number of bicycles in the county - that being said, I see most of the traffic on Crab Creek Rd, Everett Rd, Old H'ville Hwy, and of course DuPont Rd - they impede traffic flow and create dangerous situations - limit group sizes to no more than six in one pack - less traveled roads could be designated bike routes - our taxes maintain roads for so many who don't share the cost - not to mention insurance needed for any vehicle on the road.

C-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? (Continued) 19 better system for their bike competitions on Sunday after 10am when people in Sunday School and 11am worship - more notification -I worry about my granddaughter behind bicycle riders. 20 I don't like large groups riding together on small Little River roads and if the roads are widened, then people lose their land. 21 not to have large groups blocking the entire road 22 We have a lot of people that ride from Henderson County into Transylvania County in the Little River area that is a huge problem because there is a large group of them and nothing the community can do about it - we have had several issues - I do personally ride a bike - I go to the campground to do my bike riding where I know it is a little 'safer' for bikers. 23 I don't appreciate the Tuesday evening rides in Little River 24 Ecusta Trail 25 Ecusta Trail - We want it - The Swamp Rabbit is fantastic and we are sorely behind not making that happen for our county yet. 26 Ecusta Trail 27 Ecusta Trail - get us through our awesome valley and exploring up to Hendersonville 28 Ecusta Trail will be a huge economic benefit to this county 29 Ecusta Trail would be a wonderful cycling trip 30 looking forward to the completion of the Ecusta Bike Path 31 Build Ecusta Trail 32 Ecusta Trail is perfect solution - my husband and I just drove to WV to ride the Greenbrier River Trail and spent of $500 on lodging, good, gasoline and shuttles 33 I would recommend maketing the Ecusta Trail as a greeway benefiting multiple user groups, including walkers, hikers, runners, and both recreational and serious cyclists - the more users see the path as viable and vital to themselves, the better odds we can get full buy-in from the county 34 the Ecusta Trail will benefit the most user groups - pedestrians/bikes/seniors and all in-between, plus economic impact 35 we need the jobs and health benefits that will come from the Ecusta Trail 36 Ecusta Trail 37 we've lived in places where rails to trails was done - wonderful and very family friendly 38 Ecusta Trail could be a starter 39 please get the Ecusta Trail built ASAP I've lived near a major greenway in SW Ohio for decades - it was my go-to for cycling - now I cannot ride my bike for safety reasons because our roads are too dangerous - I've also seen what a great boost such a trail is to all earea economies - small businesses boom 40 fully support Ecusta Trail and request that it be included as part of this plan 41 must expedite Ecusta Trail - the county commissioners need to know that their argument that the railroad right-of-way should be reserved for 'big industry' is only a red herring - lack of land owner uderstanding and cooperation is the real issue 42 please fast-track the Ecusta Trail - it will help residents and young families ride safely - I also think it will attract cyclists and families from out of town - a good thing 43 Ecusta Trail please 44 can the Ecusta Trail Project be decided by a vote of the residents of Transylvania County? 45 I love the idea of the Ecusta Trail - similar projects have brought prosperity to many other towns/regions like ours (Swamp Rabbit, Virginia Creeper) - creates a safe place for riders and families - also allows walkers a safe place to go - connect us to Hendersonville - gives lots of opportunity for economic development - gets riders off unsafe streets - less accidents - go for it. 46 support for Ecusta Trail - Rail to Trails Brevard to Hendersonville 47 the Ecusta Trail is the perfect answer - how can we make it happen soon - it will het bikes off the road, make people healthier, safer and happier - it is flat enough for all ages and abilities to enjoy - if money were the only issue, I would want the Ecusta Trail made even if nothing else for biking could be funded 48 Ecusta Trail 49 Ecusta Trail pretty please 50 Ecuta Trail please 51 better education for both sides 52 regular rides are designed to let motorists and cyclists know that the ride is happening 53 license for bikes to require knowledge of laws

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-3 Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? (Continued) 54 Education must be a vital part of this plan - once a plan is constructed, please prioritize time with knowlegeable cycling advocates to teach new cyclists, concerned citizens and Transylvania County residents how cyclists and cars and pedestrians can coexist 55 Keep fighting the fight - We need to coexist and I appreciate all you are doing to make travel and roadways safer for all. 56 eliminate "Share the Road" signs - they don't help either motorists or cyclists 57 Bicycle riders should not motion cars around them - they can see oncoming traffic - I never go around. 58 when I see bicycles obeying rules and not hogging the lanes, I have more respect for them 59 help community reframe concept of biking - less "us versus them" (community vs. tourists/races) - more transportation, bealth initiative, eco-friendly solutions 60 I don't like when roads are blocked and the people in that area have not been informed - not everyone reads the newspaper or watches tv 61 The bike path isn't used by bicyclists much and that was a large expense to the county, so why accommodate for them when they don't use what was built for them? 62 North Carolina General Statute 20-141 was printed and submitted 63 normalize biking as a means of daily transportation 64 it's difficult to see cyclists dressed in dark color and riding at night or in 1/2 shade and 1/2 sun - need rules on visibility if on road 65 there should be guidelines / req's for groups riding on roads 66 events to enhance relations between cyclists and motorists 67 how do we change the perception that cars and bikes can't co-exist - expand patience of drivers - changing the culture (Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, Behaviors) 68 really push this - banner across the street stuff - the more folks that know, the better - we need better road etiquette / education in this county 69 as a landowner / farmer in Transylvania County, we would like to stay informed on what will be done about livestock, farm animals, dogs along proposed greenways - we have people who get out and take pictures with our livestock putting themselves in danger for a photo - how will this things be managed along community trails - please keep landowners informed, especially with potential Ecusta Project 70 please ask the landowners first before putting in Ecusta Trail - the railroad/path runs through our land and is about 50 feet from parts of our house - we have some that is only 10 feet away - we don't want people coming and going all day 0 we have 70 acres of land and we like to keep it private - thank you - please be sure to reach out - also this could open doors up for crimes when people are not at home. 71 better education for motorists who do not ride - they need to learn/understand traffic laws regarding cyclists, pedestrians, and other non-motorized vehicles - and also an understanding that cyclists do pay taxes - you'd think folks would be happy to have fewer cars on roads 72 we need better education / publicity regarding how bicycle riders and drivers should interact on roads - a few bad actors can create real dangers to life and limb 73 paved shoulders and/or bike pull-offs along Wilson Road, US 276, and NC 215 would be great 74 utilize Old H'ville Highway to move bikes 75 East Fork Road 76 I really believe that some bike lanes and wide shoulders added in to the appropriate roads will make both cylists and motorists happier - it will also enhance the appeal of Transylvania County to tourists and we all benefit from this 77 roads are not wide enough to pass bikes when the are on the white line 78 Some roads (276, Crab Creek, etc.) do not need bikes without a designed lane which they must use - not enough passing areas - especially for large vehicles or those pulling trailers / equipment 79 We need bike lanes - Everett Road and Crab Creek are way too curvy in sharing the space - not sure how to bring harmony to cars, walkers and bikers - I always slow down and use my flashers to alert drivers - I cannot count the times I have flashed lights to oncoming vehicles speeding on these roads - traffic is getting heavier and I worry about the bikers visiting our area - thanks 80 since the county promotes itself as a bike riding destination, it should then take measures to make the roads more compatible for both bikes and cars - there should be bike lanes in some areas and wider lanes in some curves and hills - I would support a tax increase to help pay for road upgrades. 81 bike lane on Country Club Road to Brevard Raquet Club (the hill is unsafe for riders) 82 Little River's many, many bikes: Everett Rd, Hart Rd, Cascade Rd - please put bike lanes for safety of all 83 loop on Hart Rd, Everet Rd, Cascade Lake, Crab Creek gets heavy use - good place for bike lanes 84 Crab Creek Rd is beautiful, but very scary to ride - if it could be widened that would be good

C-4 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? (Continued) 85 if not possible to have bike lane for all of Wilson Rd, please put one on the curvy sections 86 road riding is so dangerous here I only feel comfortable in a large mob like a race, etc. 87 bike lanes along Wilson Rd and Crab Creek Rd and any other road would be a step in the right direction. 88 bike lane both ways Rosman Hwy 89 need wider roads for cyclists 90 shoulder on 276 up toward the Blue Ridge Parkway 91 dedicated even farther east to Highland, etc. US 64 92 bike land along old 64 from Cherry Street or Ecusta to downtown 93 shoulders on roads without rumble strips would be helpful 94 as a cylclist, I've noticed a significant increase in auto volume on 280 and 64 - a dedicated lane from Brevard / Pisgah Forest to Hendersonville and Mills River would be so much more safe 95 brochures now advertise bike routes that use narrow roads - advertised routes should be on roads with bike lanes 96 roads are not wide enough - I don't think it's doable. 97 roads should be wider 98 bike lanes / wider shoulders are needed on all secondary roads where bikes can travel - Old Hendersonville Hwy and Crab Creek Road 99 widen Cummings Road, US 64, shoulders, separate bike lane - anything - Brickyard Rd, Turnpike Rd, Station Rd, Banner Farm, Ladson Rd 100 would love to see 3 foot shoulders on main roads 101 I'm all for bike lanes, not a trail on railroad 102 would like to see and support paved shoulders for bicycles especially Wilson Rd, Old Hendersonville Hwy, Neely Road, etc. 103 Need to expand roads like Wilson that have heavy traffic with bicycles 104 buffered bike lane along Neely Road 105 bike lane from intersection of Turnpike Road to Brevard Raquet Club (the hill past high school makes this area unsafe for cyclists and slows traffic) 106 East Fork Road is a beautiful ride - it needs "Share the Road" signs and needs to be widened 107 Wilson Road is the first priority - paved bike lane 108 paved bike lane needed on Everett Road, Hart Road 109 paved dedicated bike lane on Crab Creek is first priority 110 paved dedicated bike lane for Talley Road 111 any type of improvements along NC 215, Macedonia Church Road and 281 112 any type of improvements along Country Club Road, Wilson Road, US 276 entire length, Cascade Lake Road, Staton/DuPont Road 113 improvements along US 276 from Gallimore to Wilson Road 114 floodplain route 115 no one can pass packs of bikes 116 best use of money is to build bypass road from the entrance to Pisgah Forest to Ecusta to Wilson Road to Barclay to Selica School 117 connect Franklin Park with existing shared use path 118 multi-use path connecting Cedar Mountain to DuPont State Forest along Cascade Lake Road 119 Look at using powerline corridors along US 276 for multi-path 120 gas line corridor could also be a multi-use path 121 I believe extending the multi-use trail on Ecusta to Old 64 along Wilson and down Elm Bend to Main Street would possibly be cheaper than converting the railroad to a trail and would serve other purposes than just recreational - however, Wilson is a bypass that lots and lots of commercial operators speed on in wide trucks so congestion is an issue - the railroad conversion would be relaxing. 122 places for families and new cyclists to learn and be safe 123 If Ecusta Trail is approved, it needs to be a truly multi-use system - not exclude a major segment such as equestrians. 124 bike baths, but not in Little River 125 want a multi-use path Brevard to Rosman, along 280, and Brevard to Penrose 126 bike path on Wilson Road 127 Greenville's Swamp Rabbit Trail is a good model 128 bike path on Wilson Road

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-5 Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? (Continued) 129 connect bike path from Gallimore to Hap Simpson Park 130 hike/bike path along US 64 in Lake Toxaway 131 use old rail paths/track for safe bike path 132 I'd like to see the bike/walking trail to Hendersonville 133 I've volunteered for Ecusta Trail, Asheville on Bikes for over 10 years - greenways are positive for communities to stay active, walking running, skating 134 one of my priorities is having a multi-use trail and the Ecusta Trail - I'm not a big biker, but I own a business and it will help me attract new employees - this is what they are looking for when deciding where to move 135 we need a safe place for all ages to bike away from cars - bike lanes along roads would be better than nothing, but with all the inattentive drivers it is still not safe - the Ecusta Trail would be the perfect trail - flat and safe and beautiful. The real answer is the Ecusta Trail. short greenways help get you where you need to go by bike, but are not long enough to actually go for a recreational bike ride. 136 Build Sierra Nevada Trail 137 any trails are better than no trails - need access trails - Thank you for public input 138 need a place in Breard that you can ride safely for exercise - current bike path/walking path is too short - need something you can ride on for more than 30 minutes before it runs out 139 I wish we had a trail like Swamp Rabbit 140 add greenway trail along Greenville Hwy and the French Broad River into Brevard 141 love paths for safe commuting everywhere 142 consider bike path along Wilson Road 143 bike path along railroad tracks 144 lengthen bike trail from Oskar Blues 145 would like to see a bike path/lane from Brevard to DuPont 146 multi-use path anywhere would be great 147 get Brevard bike path to downtown and connecct it to the high school and Franklin Park 148 my wife and I just moved to the area for the abundance of aoutdoor activities, primarily mountain biking and hiking - we would love to see more paved trails, gravel trails and MTB trails - we prefer trails that are separate from the highway instead of bike lanes. 149 I come from two sides - one is that of an avid cyclist who has found Transylvania County to be cycling paradise both on and off road - the second is as a father looking for isolated, safe riding for my kids/family - The Ecusta Trail or other greenways separated from the road are paramount to that - the truth is though that regardless of trils, serious cyclists are going to use the roads and this area is going to grow with cyclists so you have to prepare for that and attempt to alleviate conflict - bike lanes on busier roads will help with the vast majority of that - Old Hwy 64, Wilson, Crab Creek, DuPont/Staton are probably first priority - bike lanes on secondary highways and more miles of greenways would help alleviate a lot of stress - happy to share more in conversation 150 enhanced bike paths please 151 A common sense answer to bikes on the road and in harm's way plus agrivating drivers would be to create a more complete greenway trail - the Ecusta rail line has been defunct for 14 years and what better use than make it a bike path - follow the success of Traveler's Rest and the Swamp Rabbit Trail 152 a separated greenway like the Ecusta Trail will provent crashes and keep bikes and cars from annoying each other 153 would like wider paths to accommodate walkers also 154 want a multi-use path on Old Hendersonville Highway to Hendersonville 155 connect Brevard bike path sections along Main Street to Johnson Street to England Street 156 US 64 between Rosman and Brevard needs bike lanes on both sides and a multi-use path 157 porta-johns needed at church where people park on Talley Road - church has a sign not to use cemetery as bathroom 158 we need to require bike riders to register their bikes so they contribute to the costs associated with trail maintenance and bike lanes and so those who fail to observe the rules of the road or trail can be identified 159 Solomon Jones Road is good as it is 160 make a 'start' in or near downtown Brevard for BATS 161 I've seen plans for a bike lane on 280 to Mills River - what a waste of money with so many more beautiful, less traffic areas 162 have bikers help pay for construction and maintenance

C-6 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Share your thoughts: What would you like to see? (Continued) 163 why do officials always wait until problems ensue after the city/county sidely promoted this area for biking - knowing full well the city/ forest/county were unprepared for the large numbers of outdoor folk that have inundated this once quiet area? 164 Headwaters State Forest needs mountain biking and trails 165 moving farm equipment at night 166 Infrastructure: is there a device that can be triggered by a bike that would signal cars? 167 deputies stop traffic for bikes and I have to stop 168 paved shoulders are a waste of money 169 paved shoulders take farmland and people's land 170 Pisgah Labs - security issue for Ecusta Trail 171 most people I meet biking are actually staying in Hendersonville or Asheville because of lack of hotel rooms here. 172 Little River: Bikers park on private property 173 need parking for present greenway usage 174 need places to park to get on greenway 175 the section of existing shared use path from Jackson Court to Blue Ridge Community College is unsafe and bikers avoid it (driveways and traffic) 176 Why aren't cyclist and motorist reporting all incidents? - there is no rule saying it has to be done immediately - if it is such an inconvenience, call it in later and describe the car, driver and license plate - with no real stats, how can authorities responsd appropriately - don't complain - report. 177 there are visibility issues in curves 178 Concerned about emergency vehicles and bikes not moving over 179 stupid - bikes in traffic 180 bikes are not safe 181 common sense: use parks, not roads 182 I'd like to see bikes abide by the rules when there is an emergency vehicle 183 Bob H - bikes do not belong on public roads - period. Too dangerous. 184 Stay in their lane - I have had riders in my lane - on the yellow line - they do not move over - I do - I have to swerve. 185 stay off public highways 186 safe crossing across Asheville Hwy toward the forest 187 even with allowing 10 minutes extra, I am often rushing to get to my destination due to bikes - let's make the roads safe for all bikes where a 10-year old can safely ride 188 must concentrate on bike / car safety - most recent example of how this is being ignored is Caldwell Street 'improvements' 189 without a tag, how can their insurance be billed if the cause an accident? 190 add "share the road" signs on major roads

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-7 Opportunities for bicycling in Transylvania County include…

Opportunities for bicycling in Transylvania County include... 1 Ecusta Trail - economic engine 2 bike commuting and reducing gasoline use improving our environment 3 can Brevard be a small city example of how people can go from home to school to work to errands with driving? I think we can. 4 strongly support bicycling as an integrated part of our communities would love to see safe biking as transportation options geared at everyday life (connectivity between Roasman and Brevard, eg) - biking 5 is a viable transportation optin in a county with limited public transit - help reframe the community conversation as less contentious 6 trails will increase business revenues 7 Tourists in Portland, ME love our trails - they rent bikes and pedal to the restaurants People want to live in places that support an active lifestyle - employers need to be able to market location and quality of life to 8 employees - this improves economic diversity and creates a stronger tax base. 9 facilities and bicycle routes to increase bicycle 'tourism' - economic impact 10 Ecusta Trail - yes 11 Ecusta Trail - yes 12 Ecusta Trail - what does it take to get the railroad owner to sell, lease, or allow banking the railroad 13 Ecusta Trail is a 20 mile park and will be used mostly by local folks Ecusta Trail will draw local folks to live in the area and they will spend money - this will keep taxes low and increase revenue for local 14 businesses 15 support Ecusta Trail - clearly convey to the railroad that you are interested in the right-of-way 16 Rails to Trails - Hendersonville to Brevard on Hwy 64 Ecusta Trail - no brainer, keeps bikes off roads, keeps cyclists safe, improves local economy for all if it is truly multi-use for all - why 17 hasn’t this happened yet? 18 work with Henderson County using railroad to link trails 19 we need the Ecusta Trail

C-8 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Opportunities for bicycling in Transylvania County include...(Continued) 20 educate drivers as to rights of bicycles to share roads 21 more awareness for bike events - websites and newspaper 22 bike shoulder and pull-off on 276 from Brevard to Hwy 11 in SC have a website which can be checked by auto drivers to find out when and where bike races or bike riding groups or clubs will be - 23 especially on weekends and evenings - bike groups and organizers would be required to post their planned rides Love This: have a website which can be checked by auto drivers to find out when and where bike races or bike riding groups or clubs 24 will be - especially on weekends and evenings - bike groups and organizers would be required to post their planned rides 25 yes - help reframe the community conversation as less contentious 26 agree - help reframe the community conversation as less contentious education must be part of the plan both for veteran and new cyclists and drivers - is passing a cyclist included in driver's ed or in DOT 27 tests for driver's licenses? I find most roads very ridable, but sometimes cars are taking chances - there needs to be discussion with bikers and drivers - enlighten 28 drivers that 10 seconds of being behind a rider is not so inconvenient. 29 infrastructure improvements needed - bicycling is here to stay make roads identified on Transylvania County Tourism Map as #1 priority for addition of shoulders, turn-outs, re-paving, eliminating 30 grooved white lines, etc. 31 paved pull-offs - longer and narrow - 5 foot wide max with bike painted on it for bikes 32 NCDOT - US 64 Toxaway to Indian - 4 foot paved shoulders 33 Safety funds - bike lanes 34 They want roads, not trails. 35 more roads with shoulders to make biking safer, and less inconvenience to cars / traffic 36 focus on connecting an infrastructure artery system first to build better habits for bikers 37 215 and 276 into forest need bike lanes to parkway 38 need a loop from Brevard, 276 South to Island Ford Road and back to town - need room for bikes 39 Hwy 276 - bike from Cedar Mountain to the Blue Ridge Parkway 40 More greenway trails like the one near Lowe's that goes through park 41 type of bicycling paths depends on circumstances and who will use them (families, enthusiasts, clubs, competitive racing) 42 more dedicated paths throughout county for general use 43 support NC 280 multi-use trail paved shoulders - shared paths - 281 N & S; 64, 215 - Jackson County line; show traffic 281S / 64E / to Toxaway Falls Dam; Historic 44 Toxaway Falls (HTS) work with County & NCDOT; more comments to come via HTF, Tessier and Siteworks I would like to ride from Penrose to Brevard and Hendersonville - could park cars near river - I live in Crab Creek - entire area would 45 prosper with bike trails - small businesses and B&B's - I've seen it in Virginia - I'm not a big biker, but it would be good for families and kids. 46 multi-use path from Brevard to Rosman - trees living along the road for beauty and safety for cyclists I do not ride road in Brevard often, but do to get to the mountain biking in Bracken, Pisgah - never DuPont) - to be a truly bike friendly community, all bikers need to be considered (mountain bike enthusiasts, road cyclists, recreational path riders and kids) - there should 47 be more opportunity for safe communting for daily needs like school, work, yoga, shopping, breweries, and restaurants - the mountain biking here is world-class - the word Pisgah is legendary and gaining popularity among more recreational mountain bikers as well - there is no reason why the county should ignore this opportunity for bike-related tourist money coming into the county 48 I don't know, but I'm pretty concerned about giving up our railroads - what if we decide to develop a reasonable transit system? Of course, this doesn't include incidents within DuPont and Pisgah National Forest - I'm both a biker and a hiker and would like to see 49 more of the trails specifically for one or the other - this would increase overall safety in the parks - thanks 50 only public need a park 51 bike rest area with toilet and paved circle for laps to let cars pass 52 let's include railriding in the discussion (like in New Port, RI and Oregon) 53 taking your life in your hands - I wish I could leave my house and safely get into town 54 the deep cut rumble strips on the outsides of 276 going from Wilson Road to Calvert are so very deep, they can throw me off my bike 55 more "Share the Road" signs on 215, 276, 178, 64

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-9 Conflict points between cars and bikes include…

DRAFT Conflict points between cars and bikes include... TransylvaniaRick - this process County is skewed Bike- the conflict Plan is with Public more than Input,cars, it's with September the community: 1- bikers 2018 inappropriate Report urinating and 1 deficating on the road; 2- races lock down the community; 3- NC GS Chapter 20 should apply equally to all vehicles; 4- roads are very dangerous - particularly in curves; 5- more time needed by citizens to get to town or church; 6- 1 bike = 34 vehicles held up 2 Denise - portajohns are needed Roland: 1- bikers need to follow the laws; 2- be courteous; 3- help pay for roads and infrastructure; 4- using the side of the road for 3 bathrooms 4 Rick - bike routes need to be in other areas - not concentrated in a few areas like Little River 5 especially since a lot of older neighbors who need to ride are on blood thinners - peace symbol 6 education needed for both motorists and cyclists 7 impatience and lack of education by drivers about cyclists rights 8 how do you get bikers to use paved shoulders instead of lanes? 9 each finds the other anxiety producting, distraccting and confusing Inconsiderate cyclists and inconsiderate motorists are the minority on both sides, however I have greatly reduced by road riding due to 10 feeling unwelcome on the roads - I'm a cyclist, but large group rides make our case hard to argue challenges of people riding bikes in their community that don't have driver's licenses (ie, children) and thus they haven't been tested to 11 see if they know the rules of the road. include lack of understanding of each other's points of view - need education for both sides - understanding - we need to work together 12 to understand 13 I agree that motorists get too close, but believe most motorists are unaware of the law Where are the stats on the number of tickets handed out by police to those drivers passing bikers too close? - I'm with the guy who 14 said he'll just kick the car if it's too close, which would get me a ticket or jail time 15 investigate additional funding options 16 funding for Ecusta Trail: private donations like the library, grants, fundraising efforts, taxes - it is a park 17 bed / tourist tax

C-10 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Conflict points between cars and bikes include...(Continued) 18 Rick - pay for tags/taxes and property tax (county tax) 19 intersections, narrow roads, rude behavior 20 cars pass unsafely on narrow windy roads 21 road width adds to the problem - both riders and cars need room - bike shoulders can provide some relief any large load or vehicle pulling a trailer cannot pass in areas usual cars may be able to use - curvy roads - need a designated lane for 22 bikes and they need to be expected to use them 23 Taylor - bikes in blind curves, no reflective gear, bikers going through stop signs Riding south from Brevard to Cedar Mountain on 276 (especially on curves) is dangerous - this would be a fantastic area for a wide bike 24 lane added to keep bikers and cars safer. 25 276, Wilson Road have no room for cyclists and motorists to coexist due to no buffer space - these are thoroughfares. 26 other roads that need bike lanes are Elm Bend, Old H'ville Hwy, Everett and Crab Creek 27 The differences in speed and the prozimity in a shared space is a conflict 28 keep bikes off major highways - make bike only paths Steve - NC General Statute 20 - 141 needs to be revised to apply to bikes for impeding traffic - common curtesy - riding in tandem good/ 29 bad depending on where - do away with "Share the Road" signs - concern about water quality from bikers on trails 30 Jackie - house trailers / conflict with bikes People who live in areas with bicycles must leave early everytime so as to never break laws or mortally endanger other law abiding 31 citizens 32 bikes can make people late to work, church, play 33 bikes in groups should ride single-file always

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-11 Barriers for bicycling in Transylvania County include…

DRAFT Barriers for bicycling in Transylvania County include... many people feel unsafe on narrow roads without shoulders and/or on any mountain bike trails in the forests - the Ecusta Trail would solve 1Transylvania County Bike Plan Public Input, September 2018 Report so miany issues for so many users 2 access to trails where there are no cars - none at all 3 barriers: attitudes against bikers and group riders not flattening out Yes - many people feel unsafe on narrow roads without shoulders and/or on any mountain bike trails in the forests - the Ecusta Trail would 4 solve so miany issues for so many users I agree - many people feel unsafe on narrow roads without shoulders and/or on any mountain bike trails in the forests - the Ecusta Trail 5 would solve so miany issues for so many users ditto - many people feel unsafe on narrow roads without shoulders and/or on any mountain bike trails in the forests - the Ecusta Trail would 6 solve so miany issues for so many users yes - many people feel unsafe on narrow roads without shoulders and/or on any mountain bike trails in the forests - the Ecusta Trail would 7 solve so miany issues for so many users 8 Lack of pedestrian, mountain bike and road bike conneccting communities with DuPont Forest downtown Brevard need to be connected to the places and businesses people want to get to like shcools, grocery, breweries, restaurants, 9 farmer's market so people can ride around town easier than they can drive build the Ecusta Trail that will take a large number of road cyclists off the narrow, curvy and shoulderless roads - this would make road travel 10 safer for both cars and bikes 11 build the eEcusta Trail priority 12 Ecusta Trail - win for cyclists, others and the economy 13 yes - Ecusta Trail - win for cyclists, others and the economy 14 amen - a great first step with no downside - Ecusta Trail - win for cyclists, others and the economy 15 Rails to Trails works - I have ridden on a few and it boosts tourism, exercise and safety and brings jobs 16 Ecusta Trail Please support the Ecusta Trail from Brevard to Hendersonville. It supports riders and walkers alike - promotes community, offers potential 17 for lots of economic development like cafes, B&B's, rider support services, etc. - great tourism draw we in Transylvania County need an education program for both cyclists and drivers - each needs to know their responsibilities and safe 18 practices 19 yes to education program - licensing like fishing to include education on hazard of biking our roads C-12 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Barriers for bicycling in Transylvania County include...(Continued) 20 narrow-minded provincial locals don't understand the concept of exercise / cycling 21 misinformation about the Ecusta Trail motorists often don't see cyclists as having a right to share roadways - we need to work together to heop everyone feel safe, welcom, and 22 able to travel 23 education on motor vehicle lanes and bycycle lanes that are in many cases the same biggest barrier is communication and education that cyclists are not bad people and all drivers do not want to run cyclists off the roads - 24 education and communication need to be number one to prevent future conflicts consideration of riders for the hikers/horses - verbal education (people get sick of written stuff - need taching by other cyclists, shop salespeople, bike shops, Chamber, festivals to 1- let drivers pass as they may have jobs or sick kids, etc; 2- bikes should be carried over 25 muddy areas of over-used trails; 3- do not expose yourself urinating on roadside (use a restroom); 4- follow rules of 'give-way' where horses are first, hikers second, bikers 3rd and let people know you are coming behind 26 why don't bikers get tickets for empeding traffic, but ag/log trucks do? as a 70-yr native of Carolina, not a transplant - if people want to bike let them 1- pay for their own bike paths/roads (that we are for vehicle users feel no demand to share it, "share the road" sign on eg. Old Hwy 64); 2- be required to take a Trans-Co-Specific orientation program 27 available on-line that will enumerate Trans-Co-Specific info, eg aging population; narrow winding rural hiways; then, they will register/ confirm that they have reeived the orientation and allowed, after paying their per-capita use tax based on the number of bikers registering for the previous fiscal quarter and receive a 3-M reflective sticker for their equipment and a garment, eg t-shirt, stating same. 28 let us have the option of paying a supplement annually to our car tax to raise money for projects and shut up its haters that cyclists don't pay 29 how are we going to pay for these improvements when the roads we have are in poor shape - Country Club, Old 64, East French Broad 30 not every road in Transylvania County should be looked on as a potential bike route 31 motorcyles on Ceasar's Head 276 32 will building the Ecusta Trail create more bad feeling in drivers against cyclists who still ride roads? none (barriers) - we have a trail just like Ecusta in Portland, ME and we love it - we ride to work - the snow doesn't stop us - what is stopping 33 us here? 34 make bike only paths - keep off major highways county needs to have a high insurance policy ready to act for lawsuit when county gets sued for bike accidents - ask town of Biltmore Forest 35 about speeding bicyclist who sued town and country club when he got hurt 36 look at existing railroad tracks as resources 37 rails to trails - keep rails for light railcar then bike path 38 encourage kids to ride to school - make bike friendly and covered bike racks at school - start the next generation of cyclists 39 remove metal posts on existing bike path - people have hit them and got hurt - need retractable or plastic posts 40 bikes are not safe on our narrow roads - how can bikes be identified - they have no tags or identification 41 need large groups to have gollowing van with warning on back 42 signage - bike visibility - lots of things could help connect us 43 Narrow roads that do not accommodate bikes and cars 44 too many curves on most roads 45 no shoulders, paved or other, on Everette or Hart Roads - these roads are heavily used by bicycle riders 46 Everett should be a high priority for shoulders and/or bike lanes Crab Creek is scary to bike on, but it is a main connection point for the Little River Valley - please make safer for cyclists / pedestrians or 47 provide an alternative route like Ecusta Trail or other pathway 48 Country Club Road and Barkley Road need improved conditions to bike home from high school 49 barriers: sight-lines Narrowness of roads and curves with blind spots - not enough room on side of road where line is (the line is butted up next to the dirt/grass, 50 most times less than three inches to the edge - this applies to Wilson Road and 276, both major thoroughfares and parts of Ecusta Elm Bend and Old Hendersonville Hwy 51 blind curves and no shoulders 52 shoulders on 276 too high for bikes to get over - also blind curves 53 barriers are speed, shoulders and sight-lines and challenging terrain on most roads. 54 speeding on 276 from Ceasar's Head to Brevard 55 too much traffic APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-13 The result of this bicycle planning process should be…

DRAFT Transylvania County BikeThe Plan result of Public this bicycle Input,planning process September should be... 2018 Report 1 make downtown bike friendly 2 loop trails on roads with paved shoulders and/or bike pull-offs 3 bike pull off areas where they could pull off road while still moving and let cars pass 4 great walking and biking routes for community 5 promote cycling as healthy lifestyle and expand it to include more communiting by bike 6 would love to see the Ecusta Trail go forward 7 focus on the Ecusta Trail first - 12 years and no progress 8 ditto - focus on the Ecusta Trail first - 12 years and no progress 9 yes - focus on the Ecusta Trail first - 12 years and no progress 10 Ecusta Trail first - all others seem to be with width of roads 11 Ecusta Trail - connectivity, economic impact, most accessible to "interested but concerned riders" - so many advantages 12 Ecusta Trail please 13 ditto - Ecusta Trail please 14 Ecusta Trail #1 15 Ecusta Trail #1 16 Focus on Ecusta Trail 17 Ecusta Trail first - all others seem to be with width of roads 18 Ecusta Trail #1 priority 19 yes - Ecusta Trail #1 priority 20 a decision to let the public vote on the Ecusta Trail 21 Ecusta Trail please 22 ditto - Ecusta Trail please 23 amen - Ecusta Trail please 24 yes - Ecusta Trail please

C-14 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN The result of this bicycle planning process should be...(Continued) 25 multi-use Ecusta Trail #1 26 Ecusta Trail to connect Brevard and Hendersonville is top priority - provides safe, off-rad access, excellent opportunities for new economic development for small entreprenurial businesses - let's make this happen 27 Ecusta Trail - pass a resolution in support of the Ecusta Trail development and fund initial engineering study 28 rails to trails - Ecusta to Hendersonville 29 hopefully support of Ecusta Trail and truly creating infrastructure to support our 'bike friendly' community 30 80% of why we moved here and pay taxes here are clean air/water and keeping more cars off the road when a bike could be used would help ensure others get to enjoy clean air too - I so want to bike the Ecusta Trail someday 31 request land owner first about Ecusta Trail please 32 public education campaign - ongoing to help educate drivers to the fact that cyclists are taxpayers and do have a right to use roadways 33 short - medium - long range plan - just get started 34 3 foot shoulders 35 276 may be good for cars, not great for bikes 36 road improvements on routes featured on TCTDA's Ride Translvania County Map - this includes repavement (not tar-chip), shoulders, bicycle turn-outs, frequent road sweeping, etc. 37 minimum of 3' shoulders on all us highways, state highways and major two-lane roads including 276, 215, 64, Wilson Road, Crab Creek, Old Henderson Highway. 38 enhancements to safe cycling will attracct more bicycle tourist and promote economic growth 39 safe thoroughfares for bikes from Little River / Penrose to Brevard for commuting and recreation 40 safe travels for all concerned 41 to give bikes a shoulder to separate traffic 42 safe bike trails out of traffic and pedestrian way 43 bottom line is we need bike trails and shoulders 44 multi-use path on Chestnut Neely, Park, Parkview Roads 45 multi-use path on Chestnut Neely, Park, Parkview Roads - yes - connect Gallimore to Brevard Area Trail System (BATS) 46 multi-use path on Chestnut Neely, Park, Parkview Roads - I would love that 47 extend Brevard path into and past downtown Brevard 48 yes - extend Brevard path into and past downtown Brevard 49 yes - extend Brevard path into and past downtown Brevard 50 ditto - extend Brevard path into and past downtown Brevard 51 a way to ride to work 52 fund NC 280 mutipath 53 kids should be able to bike safely from Brevard High to Brevard Middle and Pisgah Elementary - BHS to BES already safe 54 yes - kids should be able to bike safely from Brevard High to Brevard Middle and Pisgah Elementary - BHS to BES already safe 55 multi-use path on Neely Park Chestnut 56 connect bike path downtown 57 more multi-use paths in town and toward Rosman 58 NC 280 multi-use path 59 greenways - connectivity - safe bike lanes 60 A boom to the Transylvania economy when bike paths and bike lanes are allowing everyone to travel safely along as the aesthetics are nice, more people will spread the word, more money will enter the area - a win-win for Transylvania County 61 agree - A boom to the Transylvania economy when bike paths and bike lanes are allowing everyone to travel safely along as the aesthetics are nice, more people will spread the word, more money will enter the area - a win-win for Transylvania County 62 paved greenways where possible 63 yes - paved greenways where possible

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-15 The result of this bicycle planning process should be...(Continued) 64 more dedicated bike paths, lanes, education and safety - consider the economic impact of cycling - tourists (on and off road) realizing that these people will revive communities and bring money to the county 65 to determine feasability of alternatives to road use such as the Ecusta Trail 66 build the multi-use Ecusta Trail 67 develop a trail way for gravel road rides with ratings 68 creation of a document that is used collecctively with the other planning documents in the city and county decisions 69 check - creation of a document that is used collecctively with the other planning documents in the city and county decisions 70 just like building permits, require life safety design elements - this plan should be used by the county as a life safety document for building a beautiful county 71 a model that is available for public viewing and critique, open to multiple iterations of design until the communities affected reach rough consensus 72 don’t forget railroad tracks for railriders 73 We need more than "Share the Road" signs

3 19 38 13 15 8 39 74

DRAFT Types of Bicycle Infrastructure, additional comments 1 BikeTransylvania passing lanes would be County good for Hwy Bike 276 and Plan other roads Public Input, September 2018 Report 2 Paved shoulder - this and bike passing lane are most practiced for Transylvania County outside of town 3 Bicycle lane - good for in-town 4 Bicycle lane - we need these to be all throughout Brevard so it's clear who goes where 5 Greenway - I would gladly pay more taxes for the safest solution. 6 Greenway - This is an amazing community resource 7 Greenway - would be great to ride Rosman 8 Bike passing lanes - the chances of a cyclist pulling over on a climb, is slim - the passing lane would need to be long enough for traffic to pass

C-16 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN 8 4 15 7

Education & 8 6 Conversation 11 Programs 3

Rail Banking 22 26 19 4

22 25 13 DRAFT

Transylvania County Bike PlanProgram Public Ideas, additional Input, comments September 2018 Report 1 car free afternoons on some roads 2 permitting bikers to raise money for road (bike) improvements on said roads 3 Ecusta Trail with 16 dots 4 use railroad beds for bike trails - connect to Henderson County, like the Virginia Creeper Trail 5 yes - use railroad beds for bike trails 6 Ecusta Trail 7 private property rights 8 educational program, share the road with emphasis on courtesy on trails/roads, US Safety 9 Ecusta 10 Education to both pro/con bike parties is key - without, resentment will grow 11 railriding on existing tracks 12 railroad to trail around DuPont and connecting Cedar Mountain 13 protected bike lanes downtown and connecting schools and shopping and breweries and other recreation 14 educate and communicate why bikes are on roads and pathways - make sure people realize that Transylvania County is a bike riding tourist destination for the entire country and Canada - promote it and grow it - make it safer

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-17 NCDOT STRATEGIC TRANSPORTATION INVESTMENTS (STI): SPOT 5.0 SURVEY RESULTS The NCDOT’s State Transportation Improvement Program is based on the Strategic Transportation Investments Bill, signed into law in 2013. The Strategic Transportation Investments (STI) Initiative includes the Strategic Mobility Formula, a way to fund and prioritize transportation projects.

The Strategic Mobility Formula assigns projects for all modes into one of three categories: 1) Statewide Mobility, 2) Regional Impact, and 3) Division Needs. All independent bicycle and pedestrian projects are placed in the “Division Needs” category, and are currently ranked based on 50% data (safety, access, demand, connectivity, and cost effectiveness) and 50% local input.

On the following page are the results of the public survey for proposed bicycle and pedestrian projects in Transylvania County, as well as roadway improvement projects. A total of 910 responses were collected. Below is a screen shot of the Land of Sky website where a map of these proposed projects and further information on SPOT 5.0 is advertised. These are important potential projects and public responses to consider for this planning process.

Screen shot of the Land of Sky RPO of proposed projects and further information on SPOT 5.0.

C-18 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN % 80.2% 81.9% 82.5% 80.2% 80.3% 79.5% 79.5% 68.4% Positive

Between 446-575 responses

Between 263-373 responses APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-19 BREVARD COLLEGE SURVEY RESULTS Brevard College’s ENV 220 “Sustainable Cities” class from the Spring 2018 semester conducted a campus bike survey that was completed by 18% of all students, 29% of all staff, and 48% of all faculty (152 total surveys completed). Key themes from the final class presentation of the survey are shown below.

Discussion of Campus Bike Survey Results ● Most People want: ○ Access to bikes ○ Pleasant, safe places to ride ○ Storage options on campus ● Few people said: ○ I will never bike ○ Nothing could make me bike more ● Some people want: ○ Training classes ○ Cheap bike maintenance on campus Common Concerns

• Not enough quality storage on campus • Campus roads/sidewalks are in disrepair • Access to affordable bikes • Unsafe drivers

What’s next?

• Cater to the people! • Connect existing bike paths • Multi-use trail from Brevard to Rosman • Access to bikes on campus • Better storage options on campus • Storage in buildings?* • How to encourage cycling?*

C-20 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY/CITY OF BREVARD PARKS & RECREATION MASTER PLAN SURVEY RESULTS During the Transylvania County/City of Brevard Parks & Recreation Master Plan process, completed in 2016, a survey was conducted to better understand residents’ priorities for parks, trails, sports and recreation facilities, programs, and services within the community. A goal was set to obtain a minimum of 400 completed surveys within Transylvania County boundaries. A total of 3,000 surveys were sent out to a random selection of households throughout the County. Of the 3,000 households that were requested to participate in the survey, 427 respondents participated. The results for the sample of 427 households have a 95% level of confidence with a precision rate of at least +/- 4.7%.

Question #6 (results pictured below) highlighted the desire for the importance of walking, biking trails, and greenways in Transylvania County.

The full plan document and survey results can be found here - https://tcpr.recdesk.com/Community/

Page?pageId=8546

Q6. Parks and Recreation Facilities That Are Most Important to Households by percentage of respondents who selected the item as one of their top four choices

Walking, biking trails & greenways 57% Small family picnic areas & shelters 29% Indoor swimming pools 24% Large community parks 21% Outdoor swimming pools 20% Off-leash dog parks 18% Small neighborhood parks 17% Playground equipment 16% Visual/Performing Arts facility 14% Outdoor tennis courts 14% Community/Recreation center 12% Gymnasiums 9% Large group picnic areas & shelters 8% Baseball & softball fields 7% Little League fields 7% Bicycle Pump Track 6% Soccer fields 5% Outdoor basketball courts 4% Pickleball Courts 4% Football fields 4% Skateboard parks 3% Equestrian trails or equestrian facility 3% Disc golf course 2% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Most Important 2nd Most Important 3rd Most Important 4th Most Important Source: Leisure Vision/ETC Institute (2015)

Program Needs

 Adult fitness and wellness programs are the most needed: Forty-eightAPPENDIX C:percent PUBLIC INPUT (48%) l C-21 or 6,909 households indicated a need for adult fitness and wellness programs. Other most needed programs include: community-wide special events (42% or 6,031 households), environmental education programs (36% or 5,124 households), and outdoor skills and adventure programs (31% or 4,419 households).

 Adult fitness and wellness programs are the most important: Based on the percentage of households who indicated the program as one of their top four choices, 31% indicated that adult fitness and wellness programs was the most important to their household. Other most important programs include: community-wide special events (24%), visual and performing arts programs (17%), senior adult programs (16%), environmental education programs (16%), and outdoor skills and adventure programs (16%).

Note: When looking only at those who indicated the item as the most important, we see that tennis lessons and leagues as well as youth learn to swim programs moves up from the 8th and 9th most important to the 2nd and 3rd most important. (See chart for question #8 for further clarification.)

©ETC Institute (2015) Page 3 2025 TRANSYVLANIA COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN SURVEY RESULTS Transylvania County’s Comprehensive Plan, completed in 2017, included an extensive survey that received over 2,000 responses. Several questions provided insight into bicycling in Transylvania County and these are included below and on the following page. The entirety of the 2025 Transylvania County Comprehensive Plan and survey results can be accessed through the County website here - https://www.transylvaniacounty.org/departments/ planning-and-community-development/2025-comprehensive-plan

Q11 Thinking about the next 10 years, what would you like to see in the County that is not here now? Please list:

Answered: 1,771 Skipped: 342

Jobs

Ecusta Rails to Trails

Industry

Businesses

Bike Lanes

Families

Affordable Housing

Bike Paths

Opportunity

Young People

Roads

Park

Manufacturing

Small Town

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

In this open-ended question, respondents most frequently mentioned Jobs, Ecusta Rails to Trails, Industry, Businesses, Bike Lanes and Families as things they would like to see in the County that is not here now. Q17 Where do you think Transylvania Example responses from each Countyof these categories should include: concentrate its resources in supporting safe and efficient . Jobs: “More jobs to help young locals staytransportation? here to raise families that will be more than minimum wage.”

. Ecusta Rails to Trails: “Ecusta Trail andAnswered: the growth 1,829 that Skipped: would 284 naturally accompany it.”

. Industry: “Clean industry that brings jobs and young people.”

Routine road and bridge maintenance . Businesses: “More businesses.”

Safety. improvementsBike Lanes: to roads“More and bikebridges lanes to increase safety.”

. Families: “More opportunities available for young families.” Bike lanes on roadways

Improve roads to reduce congestion

Public transportation within the County

Public transportation outside the County

Construct new roadways Page 22 of 57 0 1 2 3 4 5 Weighted Average

C-22 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLANLow Low- Medium Medium-High High Weighted Total Answer Choices Priority Medium Priority Priority Priority Average Priority 1.30% 2.93% 18.25% 25.97% 51.55% Routine road and bridge 1,775 4.24 maintenance 23 52 324 461 915

1.87% 3.85% 17.91% 24.55% 51.81% Safety improvements to roads 4.21 and bridges 33 68 316 433 914 1,764

15.05% 5.73% 14.49% 15.55% 49.19% Bike lanes on roadways 1,781 3.78 268 102 258 277 876

7.03% 9.66% 22.70% 22.76% 37.85% Improve roads to reduce 1,749 3.75 congestion 123 169 397 398 662

15.17% 12.44% 26.30% 18.82% 27.27% Public transportation within the 1,753 3.31 County 266 218 461 330 478

28.51% 19.32% 22.73% 13.82% 15.62% Public transportation outside the 1,729 2.69 County 493 334 393 239 270

27.37% 20.93% 30.13% 10.32% 11.25% Construct new roadways 1,706 2.57 467 357 514 176 192

Discussion – Respondents overwhelmingly said that they want existing roads and bridges to be maintained and improved. Bike lanes on roadways had the third highest weighted average. The majority of the respondents who ranked Bike lanes as “High Priority” live in Brevard and are between ages 20-44.

Page 33 of 57 Q18 Road improvement and construction requires many years to plan. In your opinion, what one road or road improvement is needed in 10 years?

Answered: 1,388 Skipped: 725

Bike Lanes Brevard Bypass

Highway 64 Caldwell Street Bridges Highway 215 Pisgah Forest Wilson Rd Turning Lanes Broad Street Country Club

Highway 276 Main Street Probart Street Greenville Highway Old Hendersonville Highway Asheville Highway Little Mountain Old Toxaway 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

In this open-ended question, respondents most frequently mentioned Bike Lanes, Brevard Bypass, Highway 64, Caldwell Street and Congestion as what one road or roadQ20 improvement What is your is needed favorite in activity10 years. to do in forests, parks and cultural facilities in Example responses from each of these categories include:Transylvania County?

. Bike Lanes: “Bike Lanes on Roadways.” Answered: 1,749 Skipped: 364

. Brevard Bypass: “City of Brevard Bypass that reroutes traffic away from center of Brevard.” Walking

. Highway 64: “Highway 64Biking between Rosman and Sylva.” Picnicking . Caldwell Street: “BroadFishing and Caldwell streets....improve traffic flow; it's too congested.”

Swimming . Congestion: “Traffic congestion seems to be increasing every year at certain locations (Ingles, Walmart), changesMusic to traffic patterns or alternate routes, lanes would be great.” Camping Waterfalls

Hunting

Running Family Enjoy

River Riding Photography Concerts Page 34 of 57 Forest Events Water Cycling Nature Activities

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18%

In this open-ended question, respondents most frequently mentioned Walking, Biking, Picnicking, Fishing and Swimming as their favorite activity to do in forests, parks and cultural facilities in Transylvania County.APPENDIX C: PUBLIC INPUT l C-23

Page 37 of 57 APPENDIX D: EXISTING CONDITIONS

C-24 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN OVERVIEW The information displayed in this appendix provides further detail to the summary information presented in Chapter 2: Existing Conditions. The table below describes key opportunities and challenges in Transylvania County related to existing conditions for bicycling. It is based on input from the Stakeholder Group, general public, field review, and available data. Information in this Appendix includes: • Existing Facilities & Destinations maps • Plan Review • Bicycle Level of Comfort • Roadway Inventory • Existing Programs & Resources

Existing Conditions Assessment Opportunities and Assessment Challenges Designated Bicycle North Carolina’s state bike route system traverses Transylvania County via the NC 8 Southern Highlands route. The 1998 Routes Transylvania County Bike Map details the six signed County bike routes. These routes were updated in 2017 in the Ride (see Map 2.1) Transylvania County bike map, although signage across the county has not been updated. The signed state bike route and signed county routes are designated only through signage, and do not consist of any dedicated bicycle facilities. Existing Paved Shared Dedicated bicycle facilities in Transylvania County are currently limited, with 6.2 miles of shared use paths in the Use Paths County. This includes 4.8 miles along the Brevard Greenway, one mile of sidepath along Gallimore Road connecting to (see Map 2.1) Brevard High School, and 0.4 miles of greenway in Rosman. Currently, no bike lanes exist in the County. Existing Mountain Bike With over 200 miles of mountain biking trails combined in Pisgah National Forest, DuPont State Forest, Bracken Trails Preserve, and Gorges State Park, Transylvania County is well endowed with incredible recreational biking opportunities. With approximately half of the county preserved as national forest, state forest/park, and state game land, Transylvania County has attracted, and continues to attract, a significant amount of outdoor enthusiasts and tourism dollars. Limited bicycle infrastructure (see above) exists between these areas of existing mountain bike trails. Local Cycling With 8 road bike and mountain bike races scheduled for 2018, and numerous businesses and organizations involved Community with bicycle advocacy, education, repair, rental, training, or programming, the bicycling community is already very large and continuing to grow. Furthermore, the Brevard College cycling team is nationally competitive and adds another significant layer of interest to bicycling in Transylvania County. Strava heat highlight many of the popular routes through Transylvania County used by recreational riders (https://www.strava.com/heatmap#12.09/-82.73624/35.22448/hot/ all), including many of the routes depicted in the Ride Transylvania County bike map. Roadway Network: Transylvania County’s roadway network consists of miles of rural, scenic, winding roads connected by US routes and NC Traffic Volumes and routes that spread to each corner of the County. Some of the key roadway corridors in the county include: Speed limts • US 64 generally runs northeast/southwest through the heart of the valley that lies at the base of Pisgah National Forest. US 276 generally runs northwest/southeast from the Blue Ridge Parkway to the South Carolina border. The busiest section of roadway is US 64/US 276 from the NC 280 intersection south through downtown Brevard, with traffic volumes of 20,000-30,000 AADT. Some of the other highest traffic volume corridors include NC 280 north of US 64 (17,000 AADT), and US 64 east of NC 280 (8,000-10,000 AADT). • Other higher traffic sections stemming from Brevard include connectors to the northeast such as Old Hendersonville Hwy between US 64 and Ecusta Road (6,000 AADT), Ecusta Road (6,000 AADT), and Parkview Dr/ Park Ave/Neely Rd (5,000 AADT). • US 64 and US 276 split in downtown Brevard heading south - Greenville Hwy/US 276 east of downtown Brevard to East Fork Road carries traffic volumes of 4,500-6,300 AADT, and US 64 from downtown Brevard carries 16,000 AADT, gradually dropping to 3,000 by the time it reaches the Jackson County line. • Of the miles of scenic, rural roadway throughout the county, Crab Creek Road (3,600-5,000 AADT), Everett Road (3,000 AADT), and Wilson Road (1,700-3,700 AADT), carry the highest amounts of traffic. • US 276 and NC 215 make the long, steep, winding climb from US 64 and the valley to the northwest and the Blue Ridge Parkway and ridgeline. • Brevard downtown street grid - In downtown Brevard, the street grid network provides connectivity options along lower traffic volume streets such as Probart Street, W. Main Street, and Main Street to name a few.

APPENDIX D: EXISTING CONDITIONS l D-1 Existing Conditions Assessment (Continued) Opportunities and Assessment Challenges City of Brevard Bicycle The City of Brevard has embarked on becoming a more bicycle friendly community through the League of American Friendly Community Bicyclists’ Bicycle Friendly Community program. The City is currently in the development process of implementing Development its priority greenway network and expanding on-street bicycle connectivity with the implementation of dedicated bike lanes and strategic bicycle boulevards. Furthermore, the City of Brevard passed a Complete Streets Resolution in 2018. As Brevard continues to improve bicycle comfort throughout the City, Transylvania County will continue to have opportunities to partner on multi-jurisdictional bicycle connectivity projects. Climate North Carolina’s climate is very well-suited for bicycling, with bicycling possible almost year-round, aside from a few stretches of the year during the peak extremes of summer and winter. The most bike-friendly community in the U.S. (Davis, CA), has similar annual average temperatures, the key difference being humidity levels. Topography The Transylvania County landscape is characterized by mountainous terrain. Bicyclists are likely to encounter significant topographical variation when bicycling across the County. However, development tends to occur in the flattest areas of a given area and this is true for Transylvania County. While even in the population centers you will find hills, these tend to be some of the flatter spaces in the County. The French Broad River valley also offers some of the flattest space across Transylvania County. Rails to Trails Trails converted from former rail lines can be opportunities for bicycling (especially in mountainous areas) because they are typically flat, graded, connect community destinations, and are completely separated from automobile traffic. While most communities do not have such opportunities, the currently inactive Blue Ridge Southern Railway in Transylvania County connects 20 miles from Brevard to Hendersonville and serves as a potential opportunity in Transylvania County. Bicyclists and motorists currently have to share narrow roadway space along roads that carry higher traffic volumes and speeds such as Everett Road, Old Hendersonville Hwy, Crab Creek Road, and US 64. Major Infrastructure/ Like most counties, the major barriers to bicycle travel in Transylvania County are the network of higher traffic Physical Barriers to volume/higher speed roadways that do not have dedicated space for bicycle travel. These barriers to bicycling divide Bicycling Transylvania County, and create “bikeable islands” between these roadways in residential areas and lower traffic volume roads. See map 2.7 Bicycle Level of Comfort, in which these somewhat isolated bikeable areas are visible. With only 6.2 miles of greenways and 0 dedicated bicycle lanes in Transylvania County, connectivity across the County is lacking. Opportunity with New growth in the coming decades offers an opportunity to design future development and new roadways to New Growth and accommodate bicycling the first time around, rather than as retrofit projects which tend to be considerably more Development complicated and expensive to implement. Several projects currently in development, including Wilson Road improvements and N. Broad Street improvements will include space for bicyclists with bike lanes and paved shoulder. Transylvania County population growth is expected to be 10%-20% from 2020 to 2030, according to statistics cited in Transylvania County’s Comprehensive Plan. Varying Needs of Transylvania County’s over 200 miles of mountain biking trails and miles of on-road bike routes are geared towards Different Types of recreational riders that are comfortable tackling rough and varied terrain as well as riding in the roadway with Bicyclists automobile traffic. While recreational bicyclists flock to this area to ride, the average adult and especially children will not likely feel comfortable enough to commute by bicycle along the existing roadway environment. Regional Connectivity Transylvania County has several regional bicycle trails/routes that connect through or near the county. These include: • NC Mountains to Sea Trail • Palmetto Trail (SC) • NC 8 Southern Highlands Bike Route (NC State Bike Route System) • Northern Crescent Bike Route (SC State Bike Route System) • Oklawaha Greenway (Henderson County) • Pisgah National Forest Mountain Biking Trails - miles of trails currently connect across the Transylvania County border into neighboring Jackson, Haywood, and Henderson Counties through Pisgah National Forest Property. • Ride Transylvania County Bike Route #5: Assault on the Carolinas Course connects into Greenville and Pickens Counties in South Carolina.

D-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN EXISTING FACILITIES & DESTINATIONS: TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY The following maps provide a basic inventory of existing bicycle infrastructure, routes, and local destinations in Transylvania County. They are based on input from the Stakeholder Group, general public, field review, and available data. These maps provide further detail to Map 2.1 in Chapter 2.

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D-8 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Previous Planning Map Plan Name Key Recommendations related to the Transylvania County Bicycle Plan ID Transylvania County 1 Comprehensive Transportation The CTP bicycle map includes recommended improvements to the signed Transylvania County bike route system, proposed Plan (CTP) (2012) greenways in Brevard, and on-street connections through Brevard. The Transylvania County Strategic Plan outlines six goals with implementation strategies. While this plan supports all Transylvania County Strategic six goals in some manner, Goal #5 would be most directly supported by this bicycle plan, with Goal #5 stating that “The 2 Plan (2016-2021) community’s quality of life includes resources that promote health, transportation connectivity, a sense of place, cultural heritage and public safety.” The 2025 Transylvania County Comprehensive Plan identified the themes of economic health, environment, land use and 2025 Transylvania County livability, and health/culture/equity as priorities for the County. Included under Action Step G under Objective 2 of the Land 3 Comprehensive Plan (2017) Use and Livability theme is to: “Develop appropriate infrastructure and educational programs for bikes and pedestrians to ensure safer roads.” This road cycling map produced for the Transylvania County Tourism Development Authority overlaps with much of Transylvania County’s signed bike route system (see Transylvania County CTP (2012) and the Transylvania County Bike Map 4 Ride Transylvania County Bike (1998)). It includes eight routes (two on predominantly gravel surfaces) that connect to each corner of Transylvania County Routes (2017) and into neighboring counties. These eight routes total 282.5 miles. These routes are not currently signed and do not include dedicated bicycle facilities. The provision of more walking, biking trails, and greenways was the number one priority that came out of the stakeholder engagement process for the park and recreation plan. Accordingly, the development of 3-5 miles of new multi-use 5 Transylvania County Parks and paths should be a top priority in Transylvania County. The County currently falls short of the recommended service Recreation Plan (2016) levels for greenway acreage per resident. Currently the county has 0.24 acres of greenways per 1,000 residents, and the recommended level is 0.5 acres per 1,000 residents. Brevard College Conceptual 6 Master Plan Map (2014) The Brevard College Conceptual Master Plan Map includes a proposed greenway through the heart of campus. The Brevard Comprehensive Plan specifically cites improving bicycle infrastructure, policies, and programming as part of 7 Brevard Comprehensive Plan several objectives in the plan. These include becoming a Bicycle Friendly Community by the League of American Bicyclists (2015) and improving the greenway system as well as on-street bicycle facilities. In 2017, the City of Brevard received honorable mention as a Bicycle Friendly Community through the League of American Brevard Bicycle-Friendly Bicyclists Bicycle Friendly community program. This implementation plan outlines specific policy, infrastructure, and 8 Community Implementation programmatic actions that can efficiently improve bicycling options in the City of Brevard, and move the City closer to a Plan (2018) Bronze Bicycle Friendly Community Award. The 2006 Pedestrian Plan recommended 10 priority multi-use path projects, four of which have been implemented to- Brevard Pedestrian Plan (2006) date. The 2018 update identifies the remaining priority multi-use path projects as the current top priorities. Nearly four 9 - Multi-use path priorities miles of greenways are scheduled to be constructed in Brevard over the next three years in an effort to provide improved updated 2018 connectivity citywide, implementing the 2018 update. The Brevard Streetscape Study includes an assessment of the existing streetscape concepts and recommendations for a 10 Brevard Streetscape Study proposed streetscape prototype along Main Street and Broad Street and other general recommendations for the creation of (2012) a more vibrant downtown. Recommendations include bicycle lanes along N. Broad Street. The City of Hendersonville, North Carolina initiated the Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study and Economic Impact Analysis to Ecusta Rail Trail Planning Study determine the feasibility of converting an existing inactive rail corridor into a paved shared-use trail for the purposes of 11 & Economic Impact Analysis providing alternative transportation, recreation, and economic development. This railroad corridor would connect Brevard (2012) to Hendersonville (approximately 20 miles). This study recommends utilizing the railbanking process for implementation. NC 280 Corridor Bikeway This study investigates the feasibility of providing active transportation facilities along the length of NC 280 from Brevard Study: Town of Mills River and through Mills River. It recommends a multi-use sidepath along the length of the corridor, from Westfeldt Park in Mills River 12 Transylvania County (2014) to the US 64 intersection in northern Brevard. A proposed shared use path is planned through the heart of the Lake Toxaway community, roughly paralleling the US 64 13 Historic Toxaway Planning corridor. This proposed trail would connect the multiple residential areas and businesses across the community as well as Study (2018) Gorges State Park. The Blue Ridge Bicycle Plan covers seven counties in Western North Carolina, including Transylvania County. Blue Ridge Bicycle Plan (2013) Recommendations include policy, programming, and infrastructure. Three priority regional corridors and five priority 14 Transylvania County corridors are identified in the plan. The Henderson County Greenway Plan identifies three priority greenways: the Oklawaha Greenway, Ecusta Trail, and French Broad River Greenway. Regarding the Ecusta Trail, the plan recommends that the County should work in cooperation with Transylvania County, the City of Brevard, the City of Hendersonville, and the Town of Laurel Park to develop the proposed 15 Henderson County Greenway Ecusta Trail, if it is reasonably determined that the rail line from Hendersonville to Brevard has no viable future rail use. Plan (2018) As part of this effort, the County, in conjunction with the above local governments, should consider requesting the State acquire the rail line for the purpose of establishing a greenway. The County and its partners should also review the federal rail banking statute as a means of securing and preserving the line. Haywood County Bicycle Plan The Haywood County Bicycle Plan includes county-wide recommendations with shared lanes recommended along NC 215, 16 (2011) US 276, and the Blue Ridge Parkway to the Transylvania County border. Greenway recommendations from the Jackson County Greenway Plan include several hiking/mountain biking connections Jackson County Greenway Plan to the Transylvania County border. The CTP includes bicycle improvements along Charley’s Creek Road/Explorer Road to the 17 (2009) and CTP (2017) Transylvania County border. Walk/Bike NC included recommendations for updating the state bike route system, including the NC 8 Southern Highlands Walk/Bike NC: Statewide bike route which crosses through Transylvania County. NC 8 is currently signed through Transylvania County along US 276 18 Pedestrian and Bicycle Plan from the Blue Ridge Parkway to the US 64 intersection, continuing east along US 64, Davidson River Rd, Old Hendersonville (2013) Hwy, Everett Rd, and Crab Creek Rd into Henderson County. Walk/Bike NC recommends amending the route to utilize Talley Rd into Henderson County instead of Crab Creek Rd. Palmetto Trail Statewide The Palmetto Trail is South Carolina’s hiking/biking mountains to sea trail that partially runs along the Transylvania County 19 Master Plan (SC) border. This includes the Foothills Trail (hiking only) in Headwaters State Forest that runs along the NC/SC border. Greenville, Pickens, and Oconee Counties in South Carolina are adjacent to Transylvania County’s southern border. Two 20 Neighboring South Carolina notable existing rails to trails, the 20 mile Swamp Rabbit Trail and the 7.5 mile Doodle Trail are both within 15 miles of the Counties Transylvania County border. Greenville County completed a greenway plan in 2010. APPENDIX D: EXISTING CONDITIONS l D-9 BICYCLE LEVEL OF COMFORT The project team developed a rating system to evaluate roads across Transylvania County to determine biking suitability. In addition to using this data in developing recommendations, this system was used to create this suitability map, classifying each roadway by comfort level for a moderately experienced bicyclist. The data available to classify those roadways includes traffic volumes, speed limits, presence of 4’ or wider paved shoulder or bike lane, and designated truck routes.

Much of Transylvania County is covered by easy and moderate (blue and green) routes - generally, these are relatively lower traffic volume/speed neighborhood streets (blue) or low traffic volume/higher speed rural roadways such as East Fork Road (green). The majority of the roadways that provide lower comfort levels are found along Transylania County’s arterial roadways that separate most areas of Transylvania County from one another and carry the highest traffic volumes and speeds.

Topography also plays a key role in Transylvania County. While topography is not directly included in this analysis, many roadways in Transylvania County have steep hills that are an important factor in the experience of a bicyclist. Particular examples in Transylvania County include Pisgah Highway (US 276), Parkway Road (NC 215), Walnut Hollow Road, and Rich Mountain Road.

The map below (Map 2.3 from Chapter 2) and table on the next page provide further detail to the characteristics of key roadways across Transylvania County.

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D-10 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN Roadway Inventory Road Name Predominant AADT (Annual Average Number of Lanes Speed Limit (mph) Width (feet) Daily Traffic) Barclay Road 18 2 420 40

Caldwell Street 24-30 3 7,500-12,000 20-35 Cascade Lake Road 16-20 2 70-670 55 Cashiers Valley Road (Probart St to Rosman Hwy) 16 2 1,200 30 Crab Creek Rd (Hendersonville Hwy to county line) 18-22 2 2,400-3,300 45 E. Main Street (Broad St to Franklin St) 51 2 6,000 20-25 East Fork Road 16-20 2 280-1,600 35 Ecusta Road 21 2 4,200-5,600 35 Everett Road 18 2 3,000 40-45 French Broad Street 18 2 3,100 35 Gallimore Road 20 2 2,500-3,100 35 Greenville Hwy (Franklin St to Wilson Rd) 22-32 2 6,200-7,100 35-55 Greenville Hwy (Wilson Rd to East Fork Rd) 22-24 2 4,700-7,100 40-55 Greenville Hwy (East Fork Rd to SC border) 22 2 850-1,700 45-55 Hannah Ford Road 18 2 500 30-55 Hart Road 16 2 1,700 35 Illahee Road 19 2 580-770 25-35 Island Ford Road 16-18 2 740-1,300 30-45 Macedonia Church Road 18-20 2 350 35 Main Street (Broad St to Oaklawn Ave) 36 2 2,800-3,500 20 Main Street (Rosman) 18-20 2 2,100-2,900 25 Maple Street 20-25 2 N/A 25 McLean Road 20 2 2,900 25 Middlefork Road 18 2 330 35-45 N. Broad Street (French Broad St to NC 280) 48-60 4 15,000-30,000 35-45 N. Broad Street (Main Street to French Broad St) 47-50 3 15,000 20-35 N. Country Club Road (Broad St to S. Country Club Rd) 16-24 2 2,500-6,000 35 NC 215 (Rosman Hwy to Tanasee Gap Rd) 16-20 2 890-1,200 35-45 NC 215 Tanasee Gap Road to Blue Ridge Parkway) 20 2 90-100 45-55 NC 280 48-60 4 14,000-17,000 40-55 NC 281 (US 64 north to county line) 20 2 110-1,700 45-55 NC 281 (US 64 south to county line) 20 2 520-950 55 Old Hendersonville Hwy (Broad St to Crab Creek Rd) 18-20 2 1,500-6,600 35-55 Old Rosman Hwy (Chestnut St to US 64) 18 2 1,600-3,100 25-45 Old Turnpike Road 16 2 100-250 25 Park Ave/Parkview Dr/Neely Rd 18-30 2 4,700-5,400 25-35 Pickens Hwy (Main St to SC border) 19-24 2 290-2,500 40-55 Pickens Hwy (US 64 to Main St) 18-24 2 1,400-3,300 25-35 Probart Street (Brevard Town Limits to Cashiers Valley Rd) 16-22 2 590 25-55 Probart Street (Oaklawn Ave to Brevard Town Limit) 16 2 590-2,200 25 Railroad Avenue 24 2 2,600 25 Rich Mountain Road 14-22 2 N/A 55 Rosman Hwy (Clement Road to Broad Street) 42-64 4 11,000-19,000 35-55 Rosman Hwy (Clement Road to county line) 20-24 2 3,600-11,000 35-55 S. Broad Street (N. Country Club Rd to Main Street) 40-50 2 11,000-12,000 20-35 S. Country Club Road 16 2 480-940 35-55 Silversteen Road 18 2 350-850 35-55 Talley Road 18 2 390 45 US 276 (Fish Hatchery Rd to Blue Ridge Parkway) 21 2 210 35-55 US 276 (NC 280 to Fish Hatchery Rd) 20-21 2 1700 35-55 Walnut Hollow Road 20 2 570 55 Wilson Road 16-22 2 1,700-3,200 40 APPENDIX D: EXISTING CONDITIONS l D-11 EXISTING PROGRAMS & programs and resource materials in the Let’s RESOURCES Go NC curriculum to staff at Elementary and In addition to infrastructure, programmatic Middle Schools in Transylvania County. The Active elements across a community play a key role in Routes to School Program is funded into 2019. improving bicycle comfort by bringing education, Active Routes to School website - https://www. encouragement, business opportunities, and communityclinicalconnections.com/What_We_ diverse solutions for multi-faceted issues. Do/Active_Routes_To_School/map-arts.php Transylvania County is fortunate to have numerous programmatic elements currently in existence, WATCH FOR ME NC and below is a list of many organizations and Watch for Me NC is a comprehensive campaign efforts currently in operation. aimed at reducing the number of bicyclists and pedestrians hit and injured in crashes with vehicles. BIKE TRANSYLVANIA The campaign consists of educational messages Bike Transylvania is a publication of the on traffic laws and safety, and an enforcement Transylvania Times that hosts a website and effort by area police. Watch for Me NC isan publishes a yearly magazine in collaboration with ongoing statewide grant program administered the Transylvania County Tourism Development by the NCDOT Division of Bicycle and Pedestrian Authority. Both the website and magazine Transportation (NCDOT DBPT). Currently, both serve as a comprehensive guide to bicycling in the City of Brevard and Transylvania County have Transylvania County, providing a thorough profile been partnering with NCDOT in the Watch for Me of recreational bicycling including places to ride, NC program since 2016. Further information can stay, races, County destinations, bike shops, be found here - https://www.transylvaniacounty. education, and community. With over 10 bicycling org/departments/planning-and-community- races, hundreds of miles of mountain biking trails, development/active-transportation and numerous businesses and organizations directly involved in bicycling, Bike Transylvania STRIVE NOT TO DRIVE helps bring bicycling resources to the fingertips of Strive Not to Drive (Strive) began back in 1991 as residents and visitors of Transylvania County. Bike a Bike to Work Day with the goal of encouraging Transylvania website - http://biketransylvania. bicycle commuting in Buncombe County. Over com/ the years as concerns about air quality, physical inactivity (and related health concerns), and LOCAL BICYCLING MAPS traffic congestion have grown, the campaign Highly detailed, up-to-date maps are available for has broadened to encourage any form of Pisgah National Forest and DuPont State Forest transportation beyond driving alone in your car, that include all mountain biking trails (over 200 including carpooling, shuttles, and transit. miles), and for road routes in Transylvania County. The most recent maps have been produced by the In recent years the scope of Strive has expanded Pisgah Map Company for purchase here - https:// across a more broad area of Western NC, with www.pisgahmapcompany.com/shop-trail-guides/ Strive actions in Buncombe, Henderson, Haywood, and Transylvania counties. Further information ACTIVE ROUTES TO SCHOOL can be found here - http://www.strivenottodrive. Active Routes to School is an NC Safe Routes org/ to School Project supported by a partnership between the NC Department of Transportation BREVARD ACADEMY SPECIALIZED and the NC Division of Public Health. Through FOUNDATION BIKE GRANT this project, there are ten Active Routes to PROGRAM AWARD School project coordinators working across North For the 2018-2019 school year, Brevard Academy Carolina to make it easier for elementary and was one of 36 schools across the nation selected middle school students to safely walk and bike to by the Specialized Foundation to receive a grant school. to begin the Riding for Focus cycling program. The Riding for Focus curriculum integrates cycling Jackie Moore serves as the Region 1 coordinator into education classes as a way to help students which includes Transylvania County (as well as achieve academic, health, and social success. seven other counties). She has helped coordinate Through this program, Brevard Academy will also bike to school day events in Brevard in both 2017 receive a fleet of bikes, a starter maintenance kit, and 2018. She has also helped coordinate several and helmets to help activate the program. Further Walk to School Day events and other educational information can be found here - https://www. D-12 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN specializedfoundation.org/school-grant-program/ FRIENDS OF THE ECUSTA TRAIL BLUE RIDGE BICYCLE CLUB The mission of the Friends of the Ecusta Trail The mission of the Blue Ridge Bicycle Club is to develop the Ecusta Trail, a rail trail project is to promote healthy and fun lifestyles connecting Brevard and Hendersonville, NC, through cycling in Western North Carolina. and to promote a local network of multi-use They accomplish this by providing education, trails. They are organized as a nonprofit 501(c)3 providing cycling opportunities, working with organization. health and fitness organizations, working with existing organizations and their cycling programs, The Ecusta Trail is a proposed 19 mile rail trail working with governments on transportation between Hendersonville and Brevard. It is planning, and developing new cycling programs. envisioned as a multi-use walking, hiking and The Blue Ridge Bicycle Club website - http:// biking greenway along the railway corridor www.blueridgebicycleclub.org/ connecting Hendersonville, Laurel Park, Horse Shoe, Etowah, Pisgah Forest and Brevard. Once PISGAH AREA SOUTHERN OFF- complete, it will connect with the existing ROAD BICYCLE ASSOCIATION Brevard Bike/Walk Path, the Estatoe path leading Pisgah Area Sorba (PAS) is a non-profit, into Pisgah Forest, and the Oklawaha greenway completely volunteer-based organization in the connecting Jackson Park, Patton Park and Asheville, Brevard and Hendersonville, NC area. Berkeley Park in Hendersonville. Friends of the The Pisgah Area Sorba is a volunteer organization Ecusta Trail website - https://www.ecustatrail. dedicated to improving technical off-road biking org/ recreational opportunities through advocacy for quality trail systems. PAS fosters relationships with TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY community leaders, and promotes volunteerism SCHOOLS CYCLING CLUB and outdoor recreation that is consistent with The Transylvania County Schools (TCS) Cycling environmental protection, thereby strengthening Club’s mission is to assist kids in finding a lifelong the community and quality of life. PAS website - love of the outdoors through mountain biking, https://www.pisgahareasorba.org/ within a supportive community. Started in 2008, the program includes weekly organized rides in BICYCLE RELATED BUSINESSES the spring and fall for middle and high school Transylvania County is home to numerous students, with three different levels of riding businesses directly involved with bicycling. Some ability. TCS Cycling Club website - https://www. these businesses are listed below. tcsnc.org/cycling • Squatch Bikes & Brews • The Hub & Pisgah Tavern BREVARD COLLEGE CYCLING • Sycamore Cycles TEAM • Carmichael Training Systems The Brevard College Cycling team was formed • Next Venture Outdoors in 2007 and has won a number of Division I and • Oskar Blues Division II titles since its inception (seven team • DD Bullwinkel’s national championships and nine individual • The Bike Farm national titles). This team brings students from • REEB Tours all over the world into Transylvania County • Red Wolf Tours to compete at the highest levels of collegiate • Pura Vida Adventures cycling. Brevard College Tornados website - http://www.bctornados.com/sports/cycle/index

PISGAH CYCLING Pisgah Cycling is a non-profit social club dedicated to promoting cycling in and around Transylvania County through education, advocacy, support, and most of all, riding. They provide volunteering to support area races and rides, participate in area community events, and strive to spread educational information. Pisgah Cycling website - http://pisgahcycling.org/

APPENDIX D: EXISTING CONDITIONS l D-13 APPENDIX E: RECOMMENDATIONS

D-14 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN COMPREHENSIVE NETWORK This comprehensive network should be built incrementally over time. These are long term recommendations that may be implemented in conjunction with future roadway projects, new development, and/or a myriad of potential public/ private/non-profit sector partnerships. While longer term, they are an important vision of this plan, as they show what the potential is for any given future development or roadway construction that may provide an opportunity for incorporating bicycle facilities. As progress is made on the priority network, new priorities should be selected from this comprehensive map of recommendations. Below is Map 3.3 (from Chapter 3), with zoom-in maps provided on the following pages.

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T e a o !!d St R

G i !! a e y!! o R!! !! R !! !! l !! e n lan e d c !!

e !! u a e S Bryson Rd R e

e c !! h

s h GallNi m r m ic S !! !! d e n Galli !!

R Bryson Rd d !! !!

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a e h!!

i o !! R

e !!

B !!

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l C rchR m !!

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a d d !!

wy d y !! R!! !!

r !! l !! u r l l R n State d a

F d

e o st t

u a R !! i S e L

ha n d d c i!! at S

e e !! B Bryson Rd !! !! a c State

F I !!

e c t n h t

R !!

d s Bryson Rd !!

i t

c a !! h

d y !! n e n H R !!!!

l R e la d d !! a S d

u a R d R !! i !!

si e R !!

i !!

S S dForest !!

a i !!

n H n n

en c !!

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C M l h M n H M n!! R

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ld S £ d

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c H £

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k R u !! g !!

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v s t R o d k

n o !! State R d F F u L

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e !! d e R s State R a !! F t e t t d o a

n R d R a

wy d a

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i d 276

s d d !! !! a d £ !! n

n H R ¤ L

R e h r R i d d e

K !! !! i Ca !! StateR n

F 276 s n H t !! v

d t e d Forestd i l £ !!

m d n a ¤ !! i s d n a d o o er e w !! n !! n Forest K M n a Ca !! a e old i n !!!!!!!! a R sn v !! !! C i h m i !!!! l l w

M !! dR H n !! !! o o l a e

o old M e O n H n n a n C l !! o !!

M h !!!!!! H !! s i e !!!!!! m a i s !! l l d

o !! !!

e l !! R o e Forest u l r n O a l n R a !! e m w l d s Cedar Ln e !! n a

e ld n r u R R a l R o a e

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r s

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UV R o

m d !!

a e d H l c d

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d d c

R a n s H !!

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n 281 o R ot

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n o d !!

a R RG d d d H E c

R d l Cedar!! d u R 276 !!

d i d d

i R R en R £ !! s

R ¤ d r d R E u

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d m e d l d s er R !! !! o R M K R !! n a Mountain on Ca v

i !!!!!!

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!!!! l s 276 o o

d e !! d R dn l n £ !! R M k O ¤ Mountain !! r l d !!!!!! a e s i !! !!!! t !! a l Ca K e !! !!!! R

im R l ek l d O e v a r l !! R o o a n M e !! n t Cedar Ln £64 R r e d !!!!!!!!!! F s e

i r !! l

¤ !! R !! R l W d rr 64 l e R Rd O For Cedar Lna r a £ e C !!

¤ d d rr W e dr Rosmany R ¤£178 or k Cedar Ln R C O R d

R d Rosman178 R k

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R O Rd

d d E R e a Cedar

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i w B O Rd

d z R d a E

R e w bb R a Cedar

e i a B k s

z R

o a d Mountain d d bb E a

r x R r F a

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R o k R d Mountain r ox r t John's Rd eF o a e R T k s Mountain e o d o F t ¤£64 r e F R T k d e R d or F 64 C r F t £ l ¤ e d

e d y d ¤£178R Headwatersk or l F C y £64 r d ¤ R

178 Headwatersk O a n R y £

¤ or

C y Rd d

d R

e O 178a k n y £

w B ¤ State

z d

a d R b R

e a b

n a w R B a k State

o d

z ab Rd e

r x b a r

John's Rd F w B a R l k o

z o abb d Forest r x lo r

Nantahala F R

John's Rd a G k Gorges o T d Forest

r o Nantahala x G F r Gorges John's Rd F o Brewer Rd d o T

National Brewer Rd l o HeadwatersF

State T d F y National l

281 State O d Headwaters

l y

UV281 d Headwaters

Forest O State

UV Park y Forest O d Park a State

l d ForestStatea Nantahala Gorges G a l Nantahala l Forest NationalNantahala Brewer Rd Gorges G ForestG Brewer RdStateGorges Existing Bicycle Facilities and Regional Routes ForestNationalNationalUV281 Brewer Rd StateState Existing Bicycle Facilities and Regional Routes Forest281 UV281 Park Forest UV Park Park Existing Shared Use Path Palmetto Trail SOUTH CAROLINA Existing Shared Use Path Palmetto Trail SOUTH CAROLINA Existing Bicycle Facilities and Regional Routes ExistingInExisting Development Bicycle Bicycle Facilities Facilities and Regional and Regional RoutesSchool Routes Existing Shared Use Path ! Palmetto Trail SOUTH CAROLINA ExistingHiking/MtExisting Shared Biking UseShared Trails Path Use Path ! PalmettoDestination PalmettoTrail Trail 0 2.5SOUTH CAROLINA5 Hiking/Mt Biking Trails Destination I SOUTH CAROLINA In Development School I Miles Ride TransylvaniaIn Development County Bike Routes ProtectedSchool Lands Miles RideIn Development Transylvania County Bike Routes ProtectedSchool Lands Hiking/Mt Biking Trails ! Destination 0 2.5 5 State Bike Route ! ! I 0 02.5 2.55 5 StateHiking/Mt BikeHiking/Mt BikingRoute Trails Biking Trails DestinationDestination II Miles Ride Transylvania County Bike Routes Protected Lands Miles Miles Ride TransylvaniaRide Transylvania County BikeCounty Routes Bike Routes ProtectedProtected Lands Lands State Bike Route State BikeState Route Bike Route

APPENDIX E: RECOMMENDATIONS l E-1 COMPREHENSIVE NETWORK: BREVARD !! T !! u !! Andy Cove !! rke

!! Trailhead y C !!!! y

Proposed Bicycle Infrastructure y r !! Pisgah Ranger e !! Proposed Bicycle Facilities !! !! a !! ek Proposed Bicycle Facilities Station!! &a Proposed Bicycle Facilities !! P Visitor Center!!w is w!! g ah R Shared Use Path k !! H SharedShared Use Use Path Path r k w d Shared Use Path Davidsonr !!Rivery y Campgrounda !! !! !! Proposed Bicycle Facilities a a y Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor P C ProposedBikeBikeBike Lane LaneBicycle Lane - Higher- -Higher Higher Facilities Traffic Traffictraffic Volume Volume volume/speed Corridor Corridor corridor, greater P w a a HAYWOODPisgah p Sharedwidth/separation Use Path from motor vehiclesHAYWOOD needed, include e k w p e r s BikeShared Lane Use or Path Paved Shoulder COUNTY k Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder COUNTYNationalg a R buffer space where possible g r d Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor P Walmart !! !! !! !! d a

!! !! !! !! Shared Roadway d d !! !! !!SharedBike !! Lane Roadway - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor Foresti P ¤£276 Shared Lane HAYWOOD i R

R e The Hub & 280 UV n BikeBike Lane Lane or or Paved Paved Shoulder Shoulder COUNTYHAYWOOD R Pisgah g e e e Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder Tavern d COUNTY e D l !! !! !! !! g u d e o Shared Roadway u HENDERSONa l i SycamoreHENDERSONvor R H !! !! !! !! Shared Roadway l R d d Shared Roadway (Shared lane markings and/or signage)B i COUNTYCycles B R COUNTY e y £ w ¤64 u e i H HENDERSON Kileng

l u Kil ng R

£276 I v HENDERSON ¤ RCOUNTYd B l ¤£276 I he d v R s COUNTYd iver La v A R Brevard m y iv B bs C ad er

re y

e oa D Academy k 280 r

Rd o

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U King a V B i L P!! s v

i g R P!! n

s a h !! !! I

£276 g h ing i ¤ d d n K d a h H R !! !! !!h E c

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c n

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a 280 r e National Fr d y r r

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a e

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s a ¤£ Forest L l a g e u R

m U l y e R n 64 l e £V B a i h !! L ¤ w Forest L b !!C H l l a s rehe v le y c i m C H R il

i E w v d bP!!ssCr!!e k nv H acl m R g e E w d C n d e k a r h !! T Pisgah e Rd !! hk R y dc on na e s a k H r r

E o T !! Rd u r e c R ee C d Brevard w s a r d b d

r er R s Pisgah e c n d Brevard y e

Nationalr R e r tt b F

t d C u e y R d H eret r

C R R a d e n d v t R d s e k l H e £64 d C Nationaln R n F ¤ H y e Forest L d d E v R l

ek a Ot l e

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Forest i Rd !! tk d n r d r at 64 e JACKSON COUNTY C £

t ¤ l y

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JACKSON COUNTY n e C t s e v

e a s t C i d S

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R d b d School

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s h GallNi m r ic S w !! !! d

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R Bryson Rd d !! !!

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a a R d r

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£64 R r e d !!!!!!!!!! F s

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W l !! d O rr R R 64 Center l t e d For r a r a £ e C !! ¤ d dr Rosmany R £178 or k F Re S ¤ Cedar Ln C O R !! d

R 178 R k t W d ay £ rr Cedar

n ¤ S Rd

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d n Rosman

i w l B O Rd

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o a d Mountain r d d bb E

r x R r

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T l Mountain e o d l o F ¤£64 r F o R k d T R or a t e F r C l e d d y £178 Headwatersk

e d ¤C l F £64 P r y e

¤ Next VentureRHeadwaters O a

n R or

C y !! Rd d

N d N

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w B ¤ OutdoorsState z a d !!

a bb R

n a R a State

o d Rd

!! G e r x a r

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z a Forest

Nantahala Trent Rd DDo Bullwinkel'sa bb R G lo !! l

k e Gorges o T d Forest

Nantahala r x G F r W Gorges John's Rd F Transylvania!! Brewer Rd d o Outdoors National l o!! n

o Brewer Rd State T Farmers!! MarketHeadwaters National F y l !! 281 f State O d P t !!

l !! UV d Forest 281 e S HeadwatersState C

UV n Park !! y Forest O a Park a !!

C l l d n

l Library!! ForestStateFranklin Park Carlo Norris Rd !! n Nantahala Gorges e G a

v !! !! !! o e iers !! l

Brewer Rd R ash Valle w Forest n C y !! NationalNantahala d Gorges Rd d G r

State l D d S

281 Brewer Rd Existing!! Bicycle Facilities and Regional Routes a Silvermont South o

National UV R Existing Bicycle Facilities and Regional Routes Forest State !! 281 Park C Broad Park Park u Cameron Cir

UV !! t Forest k !! Park Carolina Ave Existing Shared Use Path Palmettoh Trail

e !! S !! Existing Shared Use Path Palmetto Traile e Brevard rland Rd

SOUTH CAROLINA !! SOUTH CAROLINA !! Elementary

C !! Future Existing!! In Development Bicycle Facilities and Regional RoutesSchoolW

!! illia !!

n Tannery ExistingIn Development Bicycle Facilities and Regional RoutesSchool m !! s

o gl !! In e o

s Park Existing Shared Use Path Palmetto Trailn l !! d

F !! ! y

R C

!! R r

o o Hiking/Mt Biking Trails ! Destination

!! Rd

d d SOUTH CAROLINA d !! Hiking/MtExisting Shared Biking Use Trails Path Ben DestinationPalmetto Trail e

0 2.5 5 r e

h !! e R !! r lm e d 0 2.5 c 5 !! 276 E k SOUTH CAROLINAi ¤£ o

s In Development School R !!

t !! N I b Miles !! m

I Ridei Transylvania County Bike Routes d Protected Lands d l

R Miles u In Development School l R l Ride Transylvania County Bike Routes Protected Lands

a G !!

laz a

g C e !! ! H G

n Hiking/Mt Biking Trails Destination

e e

e i !

Se 0 2.5 5 l n

k State Bike Route Hap Simpson a l L r y StateHiking/Mt Bike BikingRoute Trails Destination r a

0 2.5 5 t River d I R R

Milesd n BrevardRide High Transylvania CountyAccess Bike Park Routes L R Protected Lands £64 d ¤ u I t Miles o r RideS Transylvania County Bike Routes on Protected Lands y W Be C w u s

H G l

r i n o a Stateg Bike Route re C t D o sm Vis a N a e r W a o n R en a J d State BikeL Route v u u o r o i

B r e a l b l e la T e A e n f l d H e ll Ln

i D R e w R e k C d o y d B e o i ryson Rd r r r ell t w

B Way I b I o

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E-2 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN !!

!! !!

!! COMPREHENSIVE NETWORK: ROSMAN

R d

R s

s h y rc Proposed Bicycle Infrastructure y u h G Proposed Bicycle Facilities a r R e Proposed Bicycle Facilities a d C w k e Proposed Bicycle Facilities w e n SharedShared Use Use Path Path k re r y C

r s R Shared Use Path a C ' d

a y y Proposed Bicycle Facilities a h Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor P e

Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor P e

ProposedBike LaneBicycle - Higher Facilities traffic volume/speed corridor, greater w a Rd ht

r Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor e G a Shared Use Path HAYWOOD k r p

e y HAYWOOD w a C width/separation from motor vehicles needed, include e r o f r Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder l Shared Use Path COUNTY k i H Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder COUNTY g a e a bufferBike spaceLane or wherePaved Shoulderpossible g r n l L d Bike Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor P d N C !! !! !! !! d a im i t !! !! !! !! Shared Roadway d t !! !!Bike !! !! Lane - Higher Traffic Volume Corridor i P C i tle Shared Roadway HAYWOOD t E Shared Lane R i r z g R e e Lp y BikeBike Lane Lane or or Paved Paved Shoulder Shoulder COUNTYHAYWOOD ek D p g e r t Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder e Rd ld COUNTY e e !! !! !! !! g i Shared Roadway u d f HENDERSON u i y !! !! !! !! l d r HENDERSON Shared Roadway l R r COUNTY Shared Roadway (Shared lane markings and/or signage)B i e COUNTY B R h

e C

e u M King HENDERSON

l rgan ill Rd King

u o n d R

£276M I R HENDERSON ¤ RCOUNTY

L d B l ¤£276 I re d v i R r m COUNTYd iver vy t Riv B o i ad er y

oa b 280 r

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o u e o Ri

s v a 280 r e National e Fr d r

G y s

l t a y

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L R a v

t y

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P!! 64 a £ s w ¤ Forest La g e l

m e U l y e R n 64 l £V B a i h r !! L ¤ w Forest L b !!C H l k Cassella Rds rehe H v le y l d m C H R r il

w i E w a Rd bP!!ssCgr!!eek t nv H acl R w d C n n d k a r h d !! T Hann Pisgahy e Rd !! hk R y dc on na ah For s a k a H r

E o T ee !! Rd u r e c R d Brevard w s a r

r d er b d s Pisgah e c n d Brevard m y e

Nationalr R e r tt b F

t d C u e R y R s H eret r

R £ R a e n d t R

C ¤64 d v d s e e k l R H o 64 d C d £ Nationaln R n F ¤ H y e Forest L d d E v R l

ek a Ot l e

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i ee s ree O v r

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a S e 64 !! a R £ l s !! d

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Forest i Rd !! tk d n r d r at d e

JACKSON COUNTY C y t l y

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O ¤£178 State Bike Route State Bike Route Eastatoe Community Center Pickens Hwy

Jaffe Rd I 0 0.5 1 Miles

APPENDIX E: RECOMMENDATIONS l E-3 COMPREHENSIVE NETWORK: SOUTHWEST TRANSYLVANIA

itc K hen L A y o Proposed Bicycle Infrastructure l y o le p Proposed Bicycle Facilities n a ProposedProposed Bicycle Bicycle Facilities Facilities a Pisgah M w R c k w d SharedShared Use Use Path Path ca k National Shared Use Path ll r y Rd a r a y ProposedBike Lane Bicycle - Higher Facilities Traffic Volume Corridor P a Forest BikeBikeBike Lane Lane Lane - Higher- - HigherHigher Traffic Traffictraffic Volume Volume volume/speed Corridor Corridor corridor, greater P Proposed Bicycle Facilities HAYWOOD w a Shared Use Path HAYWOOD e k w width/separation from motor vehicles needed, include e r BikeShared Lane Use or Path Paved Shoulder COUNTY k

Bike Lane or Paved Shoulder COUNTY g a r

buffer281 space where possible g

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0 0.5 1 Miles I E-4 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN COMPREHENSIVE NETWORK: EAST TRANSYLVANIA r E Wilson Road D n ver d

a L et R River Access l t y OProposedsb Bicycle Infrastructure o y orne i

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!! Hiking/Mt Biking Trails ! DestinationTrailhead

0 SOUTH2.5 CAROLINA5 !! Hiking/MtExisting Shared Biking Use Trails Path DestinationPalmetto Trail 0 SOUTH2.5 CAROLINA5 !! In Development School I !! d Miles Ride Transylvania County Bike Routes r R Protected Lands I !! e Miles RideIn Development Transylvania County Bike Routes nov ProtectedSchool Lands !! o as ! !! Hiking/Mt Biking Trails e Destination R ! 0 2.5 5 !! State Bike Route

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o H J a p on py m ¤£276 o l 0A 0.5 1 o c S re Miles I SOUTH CAROLINA s R d APPENDIX E: RECOMMENDATIONS l E-5 Transylvania County Bicycle Plan

Prepared for Transylvania County & NCDOT Prepared by Alta Planning + Design

2019

E-6 l TRANSYLVANIA COUNTY BICYCLE PLAN