ESCAP Project NATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR SMART PORT DEVELOPMENT POLICIES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

2020.11.27 Ros Sophornna, ONTENTS Ⅰ. Country Overview Country Overview

• Cambodia (capital: ) is located in the southeast of Indo-China Peninsula in Southeast Asia, with a total area of 181,035 km2. • Cambodia features superior location and is the important transport hub of “Maritime Silk Road” and . Locat ed on the rich and populous zone of Delta, it is the key node for ASEAN “connectivity”, Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation, and other strategies, with stronger functions for receiving influence and transferring strategy. • Economy in Cambodia is integrated with that in South-East Asia, forming an integration tendency of complementary advantages and industrial connection. • According to the data from World Bank, Cambodia’s GDP in 2017 was USD 22.18 billion, ranking 8th among ten ASEAN members. . Trade Volume, Maritime Transport volume Cargo Gross Throughput ( Tons ) 4,364,638 3,763,296 4,040,155 5,328,348… 3,423,919 8.1% . Container port traffic 6,000,000 3,012,217 10% 7.4% 14% 13% 4,000,000 . Modal split for container (recent 3-5 Years) 2,000,000

0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Container Throughput ( TEUs )

541,228 459,839 400,187 18% 600,000 391,819 15% 333,904 2.14% 286,450 17% 17% 400,000 12%

200,000

0 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Ⅱ. Details of Port Status

Status of Port Operation/Management Inland waterway port:

• Phnom Penh Port

• Port

• Kratie Port

• Stung Treng Port

• Port

• Port

• Kandal Port

• Port

• Port Maritime Ports

• Province

• Koh Kong

•

• Kep Ⅱ. Details of Port Status

Status of Port Operation/Management • Sihanoukville Port (PAS) (State Own Operation and Management )

• Phnom Penh Port (PPAP) (State Own Operation and Management )

• Other Ports are operated by Private Owners

List of port Information System if you operating PAS and PPAP have their own system for port operation such as port clearance, payment, RoRo, etc., this system called TOS but not EDI system. PAS and PPAP follows by IMO FAL Form 1 General Declaration, Form 2 Cargo Declaration, and Form 7 Da ngerous Goods.

• Cambodia Customs has operating ASYCUDA that is Customs Clearance system and implemented with funded by World B an. Cambodia Customs is working on implement new Customs System (cargo and customs clearance) with funded by JAI CA.

 However, there is no connection between port clearance system and customs clearance system.  PAS and PPAP plans to implement EDI system and release this EDI system in 2021 or 2022. However, this EDI system is for port clearance not port community system.  Cambodia government plans to implement NSW future, lead by Cambodia Customs not port side. Similar to Myanmar, PAS and PPAP will submit data to Cambodia Customs using customs client module Ⅲ. Smart Port Development

Challenges, issues and requirement for smart port

. Challenges, issues Currently, Cambodia port lack of some important elements to become a smart port:  Management system for daily traffic and processing  automate loading (lack of the automation system of loading or unloading trucks and trailers with product either on or without pallets, slip sheets, racks, containers, using several different types of automated guided vehicle systems (AGV) or engineered conveyor belt systems that are integrated into vehicles, automating the shipping / receiving and logistics operations)  Optimized Parking spaces (lack of integration of Real-Time Smart Parking Systems Integration in Distributed ITS for Smart port and cargos management and distribution)  Technologies for monitoring and tracking of cagos, production and services chain  Technologies for timely collect, share information related weather, vessel traffic and pollution and search and recure  Equipment and IT system for supporting the Optimizing workflow for port  Port data management and high technology for data and IT infrastructure  Digitally connected one system with other port facilities systems  No AI has been introduced to the current port management system  Robust system for port system integration for efficiency management and operations Ⅲ. Smart Port Development

Challenges, issues and requirement for smart port

. Why you need to transform to smart port

• Improve efficiency, transparency and accountability

• Fast and automate system with time efficiency and low cost in operation with real-time management and reporting

• Easy to manage the production chain and better freight management with accurate timetable and reliable planning

• Management and supervision with information system modern state of art modern technologies in management of trade and better logistic management for all. . . Requirements for going to smart port Cambodia government will be required further financial and technical support from donors and development partners to produce a good smart port development plan. In addition, Cambodia needs to another elements including:

 Setup all elements for smart port  Physical equipment and information technology and hardware  Capacity building and skill development for staff  Development of legislative documents  Development of IT infrastructure for smart port  Development of master plan for development of smart port for all Cambodia ports  Digitally connected one system with other port facilities systems  Computer hardware enhancement to fit with smart port operations.  Development of new application systems for smart port management and operation.  Short, medium and long term for Capacity building and training for staff and port operators  Development of smart technology for all port facilities, information system, document management system and web- based information services  Development of port AIS,NAVTEX, GMDSS for effective search and recure Ⅲ. Smart Port Development

Functionality, technologies for smart port

. Functionality (or Characteristics) for smart port  automate loading (setup automation system of loading or unloading trucks and trailers with product either on or without pallets, slip sheets, racks, containers, using several different types of automated guided vehicle systems (AGV) or engineered conveyor belt systems that are integrated into vehicles, automating the shipping / receiving and logistics operations)  Optimized Parking spaces (develop and install integration of Real-Time Smart Parking Systems Integration in Distributed ITS for Smart port and cargos management and distribution)  Equipment and IT system for supporting the Optimizing workflow for port  Port data management and high technology for data and IT infrastructure  Computer hardware enhancement to fit with smart port operations.  Development of port AIS,NAVTEX, GMDSS for effective search and recure  Development of master plan for development of smart port for all Cambodia ports  Improvement of human resources for smart port via short term and long term  professional degree  Development of PCS, NSW and national logistics information system. Ⅲ. Smart Port Development Functionality, technologies for smart port . Technologies under consideration for smart port  Management system for daily traffic and processing  Technologies for monitoring and tracking of cagos, production and services chain  Technologies for timely collect, share information related weather, vessel traffic and pollution and search and recure  Digitally connected one system with other port facilities systems  Development of new application systems for smart port management and operation.  Effectuation of computerization and application development for smart port operation and management and robust real-time information and data sharing system  Improvement of statistics and Management Information System  Strengthening of computerizing planning capacity  Robust system for port system integration for efficiency management and operations  Short, medium and long term for Capacity building and training for staff and port operators  Improvement of port EDI system with online operating and management system  Development of smart technology for all port facilities, information system, document management system and web-based information services  Introduce AI Technology to the current port management system  autonomous ship, autonomous vehicle, IoT based traffic management, etc Ⅲ. Smart Port Development

National strategic for smart port

. Plan (or masterplan, roadmap)

• Development of Concept note for national strategy on smart port

• Development of master plan for smart port development strategy and action plan

• Development of national legislative document related to smart port

. Legal framework

• Cambodia have not developed any specific legal document related to smart port development.

• National Law on port will be a good policy framework for further development of smart port legislative document and policy

• National Law on waterway and marine transport will provide a good policy framework and found ation for smart port framework development Ⅲ. Smart Port Development

National strategic for smart port

. The relevant ministries/agencies • Ministry of Public Work and Transport is mandated to manage all public and private ports in Cambodia both construction, operation and other developments. • Ministry of Economic and Finance: Financial and Custom related matters. • Cambodia Development Council: Strategic Investment plan and protocols with development partners and investors. • PPAP and PAS are the main international port operators in Cambodia. Ⅳ. Conclusion

. What is next in your country for smart port

• How to secure budget The future development and management of smart port operation framework and policy guidance will be under the mandate of General department of waterway, maritime and Port under Ministry of Public Work and Transport who will receive annual funding from MEF and other development partners to develop and operationalize the legal framework and its system. There will be two sources of funding is expected 1) nation al budget and 2) funding from development partners such as WB, ADB, China, Japan, KOICA, UNESAP and so on. • Relationship with international organizations or donor agencies MPWT is currently the member of IMO and under process of registration as a member of IHO. MPWT is devel oping the MOU with UKHO on ENC Map production. MPWT is currently receiving the financial support from various development partners such as JICA- Port EDI Development and KOICA- Aids to Navigation Project in the Mekong. However, we did not have any donor support on smart port development yet. • Partnership with private sector MPWT has closed partnership and networking with all national and local private port operators and investors communities. MPWT manages development plan, issuing the license for construction and operation of the port and regularly supervising on the investment plan of all public and private ports. . Expected ESCAP’s Role or support

• Role

 Coordinate and facilitate with international organization, donors communities and other investors to support technical and financial assistance to Cambodia government on smart port development, operation and management

 Technical arms to Cambodian government on port development, maritime and waterway development, management and operation

 Gathering and facilitate Fund raising to all potential donors to support Cambodia on port, waterway and maritime development and capacity buildings

 Data and knowledge hub for Cambodian government

• Support

 Develop proposal for fund Raising to support Cambodia

 Develop a short and a long-term smart port strategic development plan for Cambodia ,

 Development of legislative document related to smart port development and operation,

 Improve capacity of government staff on smart port

 Improvement of the port Management Information Systems, online system and survey facilities,

 Improve join data, information and knowledge exchanges between different countries and other international organizations such as UNESCAP and

 Develop rule and regulation for smart port development and operation to be applied for all public and private ports in Cambodia.

 Sharing and exchange the knowledge and information related to smart port via training, workshop, seminars and so on.