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A central Heating system provides warmth Heating the whole interior Heating a building or Heating of a building from one point to multiple rooms. When combined with other systems in order to control the building climate, the whole system may be an HVAC heating, ventilation Heating air conditioning system. Central heating differs from space heating in that the heat generation occurs in one place, such as Heating furnace room or basement in a house or a mechanical room in a large building though not necessarily at the geometrically "central" point. The heat Heating distributed throughout the building, typically by forced-air through ductwork, by water Heating through pipes, Heating by steam fed through pipes. The most common method Heating heat generation involves the combustion of fossil fuel in a furnace or boiler. In much of the temperate climate zone, most detached housing has had central heating installed since before the Second World War. Where coal was readily available i. Later in the 20th century, these were updated to burn fuel oil Heating gas, eliminating the need for a large coal storage bin near the boiler and the need to remove and discard coal ashes. Coal-fired systems are now mostly reserved for larger buildings. A cheaper alternative to hot water or steam heat is forced hot air. A furnace Heating fuel oilwhich heats air in a heat exchangerand blower fans circulate the warmed air through a network of ducts to the rooms in the building. This system is cheaper because the air moves Heating a series of ducts instead of pipes, and does not require a pipe fitter to install. Heating space Heating floor joists can be boxed in and used as some of the ductwork, further lowering costs. Electrical heating Heating occur less commonly and are practical only with low-cost electricity or when ground source heat Heating are used. Considering the combined system of thermal power station and electric resistance heating, the overall efficiency will be less than for direct use of fossil fuel for Heating heating. Some other buildings utilize central solar heatingin which case the distribution system normally uses Heating circulation. Heating to such systems are gas Heating and district heating. District heating uses the waste heat from an industrial process or electrical generating plant Heating provide heat for neighboring buildings. Similar to cogenerationthis requires underground piping to circulate Heating water or steam. Use of the ondol has been found at archaeological sites in present-day North Korea. The main components of Heating traditional ondol are an agungi Heating or stove accessible from an adjoining room typically kitchen or master bedrooma raised masonry floor Heating by horizontal smoke passages, and Heating vertical, freestanding chimney on the Heating exterior wall providing a draft. The heated floor, supported by stone piers or baffles to distribute the smoke, is covered by stone slabs, clay and Heating impervious layer such as oiled paper. Early ondol s began as gudeul that provided Heating heating for a home and for cooking. When a fire was lit in the furnace to cook rice for dinner, Heating flame would extend horizontally because the flue entry was beside the furnace. This arrangement was essential, as it would not allow Heating smoke to travel upward, which would cause the flame to go out Heating soon. As the flame would pass through the flue entrance, it would be guided through the network of passages with the smoke. Entire rooms would be built on the furnace flue to Heating ondol floored Heating. Ondol had traditionally been used as a living space for sitting, eating, sleeping and other pastimes in most Korean homes before the s. Koreans are accustomed to sitting and sleeping on the floor, and working and eating at low tables instead of raised tables with chairs. For short-term cooking, rice paddy straws or crop waste was preferred, while long hours of cooking and floor Heating needed longer-burning firewood. Unlike modern-day water heaters, the fuel was either sporadically or regularly burned two to five times a daydepending on frequency of cooking and seasonal weather conditions. The ancient Greeks originally developed central heating. The temple of Ephesus was heated by flues planted in the ground and circulating the heat which was Heating by fire. Some buildings in the Roman Empire used central heating Heating, conducting air heated by furnaces through Heating spaces under the floors and out of pipes called caliducts [4] in the walls—a system known as a hypocaust. The Roman hypocaust continued Heating be used on a smaller scale during Heating Antiquity and by the Umayyad caliphatewhile later Heating builders employed Heating simpler system of underfloor pipes. After the collapse of the Roman Empireoverwhelmingly across Europe, heating reverted to more primitive fireplaces for almost a thousand years. In the early medieval Alpine upland, a simpler central heating system where heat travelled through underfloor channels from the furnace room replaced Heating Roman hypocaust at Heating places. In the 13th century, the Cistercian monks revived central heating in Christian Europe using river Heating combined with indoor wood-fired furnaces. The well-preserved Royal Monastery of Our Lady of the Wheel founded Heating the Ebro River in the Aragon region of Spain provides an excellent example of such an application. The three main Heating of central Heating were developed in the late 18th to Heating centuries. William Strutt designed Heating new mill building in Derby with a central hot air furnace inalthough the idea had been already proposed by John Evelyn almost a hundred years earlier. Strutt's design Heating of a large stove that heated air brought from the outside by a large underground passage. The air was ventilated through Heating building by large central ducts. Inhe collaborated with another eminent engineer, Charles Sylvesteron the construction of a new building to house Derby's Royal Infirmary. Sylvester was instrumental in applying Strutt's novel heating system for the new hospital. Sylvester documented Heating new Heating of heating hospitals that were Heating in the design, Heating the healthier features such as self-cleaning and air-refreshing toilets. Their designs proved very influential. They were widely copied in the new mills of the Midlands and were constantly improved, reaching maturity with the work Heating de Chabannes on the ventilation of the House of Commons in the s. This Heating remained the standard Heating heating small buildings for the rest of the century. The English writer Hugh Plat proposed a steam-based central Heating system for a greenhouse inalthough this was an isolated Heating and was not followed up until the 18th century. Colonel Coke devised a system of pipes that would carry Heating around the house from a central boiler, but it was James Watt the Scottish inventor who was the first to build a working system in his house. A central boiler supplied high-pressure steam that then distributed the heat within the building through a system of pipes embedded in the columns. He [ clarification needed ] implemented the system on a much larger scale at a textile factory in Manchester. Robertson Buchanan wrote the definitive description of these installations in his treatises published in and Heating Tredgold 's work Principles of Warming and Ventilating Public Buildingsdelineated the method of the application of hot steam heating to smaller, non-industrial buildings. This method had superseded the hot air systems by the late 19th century. Slightly later, inHeating the first use of water in Sweden Heating distribute heating in buildings. However, these scattered attempts were isolated and mainly confined in their Heating to greenhouses. Tredgold originally dismissed its use as Heating, but changed his mind inwhen the technology went into a phase of rapid development. Early systems had used low pressure Heating systems, which required very large pipes. One of the first modern hot Heating central heating systems to remedy this deficiency were installed by Angier March Perkins in London Heating the s. At that time central heating Heating coming Heating fashion in Britain, with steam or hot air systems generally being used. A crucial invention to make the Heating viable was the thread screwed joint, that allowed the joint between the pipes to bear a similar pressure to the pipe itself. He also separated the boiler from the heat source to reduce the risk of explosion. The first unit was Heating in Heating home of Governor of the Bank of England John Horsley Palmer so that he could grow grapes in England 's cold climate. His systems were installed in factories and churches Heating the country, many of them remaining in usable condition for over years. His Heating was also adapted for use by Heating in the heating of their ovens and in the making of paper from wood pulp. Petersburginvented the radiator between andwhich was a major step in the final shaping of modern central heating. The energy source selected for a central heating system varies by region. The primary energy source is selected on Heating basis of cost, convenience, efficiency and reliability. The energy cost of heating is one of the main costs of operating a building in a cold climate. Some central heating plants can switch fuels for reasons of economy and convenience; for example, a home owner may install a wood-fired furnace with electrical backup for occasional unattended operation. Solid fuels such as woodpeat or coal can be stockpiled at the point of use, but are Heating to handle and difficult to automatically control. Wood fuel is still used where the supply is plentiful and the occupants of the building don't mind Heating work involved in hauling in fuel, Heating ashes, and tending the fire. Pellet fuel systems can automatically stoke the fire, but still need manual removal of ash. Coal was once an important Heating heating fuel but today is uncommon, and smokeless fuel is preferred as a substitute in open fireplaces or stoves. Heating fuels are petroleum products such as heating oil and kerosene. These are still widely applied where other heat sources Heating unavailable. Fuel oil can be automatically fired in a central heating system and requires Heating ash removal and little maintenance of the combustion system. However, the variable price of oil on world markets leads to erratic and high prices compared to some other energy sources. Institutional heating systems office buildings or Heating, for example can use low-grade, inexpensive bunker fuel to run Heating heating plants, but capital cost is high compared to more easily managed liquid fuels. Natural gas is a widespread heating fuel in North America and northern Europe. Gas burners are automatically controlled and require no ash removal and little maintenance. However, not all areas have access Heating a natural gas Heating system. Liquified petroleum gas or propane can be stored Heating the point of use and Heating replenished Heating a truck-mounted mobile Heating. Some areas have low cost electric power, making electric heating economically practical. Electric heating can either be purely resistance-type heating or make use of a heat pump system to take advantage Heating low-grade heat in the air or ground. A district heating system uses centrally located boilers or water heaters and circulates heat energy to individual customers by circulating hot water or steam. This has the advantage of a central highly efficient energy Heating than can use the best available pollution controls, and Heating is professionally operated. The district heating system can use heat sources impractical to deploy Heating individual homes, such as heavy oil, wood byproducts, or hypothetically nuclear fission. The distribution network is more costly to build than for gas or electric heating, and so is only found in densely populated areas Heating compact communities. Heating all central heating systems require purchased Heating. A few buildings are served by local geothermal heat, using hot water or Heating from a local well to provide building heat. Such areas are uncommon. A passive solar system requires no purchased fuel but needs Heating be carefully designed for the site. Heater outputs are measured in kilowatts or Heating per hour. For placement in a house, the heater, and the level of output required for the house, needs to be calculated. This calculation Heating achieved by recording a variety of factors — Heating, what is above and below Heating room you wish Heating heat, how many Heating there are, the type of external walls in the property Heating a variety of other factors that will determine the level of heat output that is required to adequately heat the space. This calculation is called a Heating loss calculation and can be done with a BTU Calculator. Heating | Definition of Heating at Heatingprocess and system of raising the temperature of an enclosed space for the primary purpose of ensuring the comfort of the occupants. The earliest method of providing interior heating was an open fire. Such a Heating, along with related methods such as fireplaces, cast-iron stoves, and modern space heaters fueled by gas or electricity, is known as direct heating because the conversion of energy Heating heat takes place at the site to be heated. A more common form of heating in Heating times is known as central, or indirect, heating. It consists of Heating conversion of energy to heat at a source outside of, apart from, or located within the site or sites to be heated; the resulting heat is conveyed to Heating site through a fluid medium such as air, water, or steam. Except for the ancient Greeks and Romans, most cultures relied upon Heating methods. Wood was the earliest fuel used, though in places where only moderate warmth was needed, such as China, Japan, and the Mediterranean, charcoal made from wood was Heating because Heating produced much less smoke. Enclosed stoves appear to have been used first by the Chinese Heating bc and eventually spread through Russia into northern Europe and from there to the Americas, where Benjamin Franklin Heating invented an improved design known as the Franklin stove. Stoves are far less wasteful of heat than fireplaces because the heat of the fire is absorbed by the stove walls, which Heating the air in the room, rather than passing up the chimney in the form of hot combustion gases. Central heating appears to have been invented in ancient Greecebut it Heating the Romans who became the supreme heating engineers of the ancient world with their hypocaust system. In Heating Roman buildings, mosaic tile floors were supported by columns below, which created air spaces, or ducts. At Heating site central to all the rooms to be heated, charcoal, brushwood, and, in Britain, coal were burned, and the hot gases traveled beneath the floors, warming them in the process. The hypocaust system disappeared with the decline of the Roman Empire, however, and central heating was not reintroduced until some 1, Heating later. Central heating was adopted for use again in the early 19th century when the Industrial Revolution caused an increase in the size of buildings for industry, residential use, and services. The use of steam as a source Heating power offered a new way to heat factories and mills, with the steam conveyed in pipes. Coal-fired boilers delivered hot steam to rooms by means Heating standing radiators. Steam heating long predominated in the North American Heating because of its very cold winters. The advantages of hot water, which has a lower surface temperature and milder general effect than steam, began to be recognized about Twentieth-century central-heating Heating generally use warm air or hot water for heat conveyance. Ducted warm air has supplanted steam in most newly built American homes and Heating, but Heating Great Britain and much of the European continent, hot water succeeded steam as the Heating method of heating; ducted warm air has never been popular there. Most other countries have adopted either the American or European preference in heating methods. The essential components of a central-heating system Heating an appliance in which Heating may be burned to generate heat; a medium conveyed in pipes or ducts for transferring the heat to the spaces Heating be heated; and an emitting apparatus in those spaces for releasing the heat Heating by convection or radiation or both. Forced-air Heating moves heated air into the space by a Heating of ducts and fans that produce pressure differentials. Radiant heating, by contrast, involves the direct transmission of heat from an emitter to the walls, ceilingor floor of an enclosed space independent of the air temperature between them; the emitted heat sets up a convection cycle throughout the space, producing a uniformly Heating temperture within it. Air temperature and the effects of solar radiationrelative humidityand convection all Heating the design of a heating system. An equally important consideration is the amount of physical activity that is anticipated in a particular setting. Heating a work atmosphere in which strenuous activity is the norm, the human body Heating off more heat. In compensation, the air temperature is kept lower in order to allow the extra body heat to dissipate. In the combustion of fuel, carbon and hydrogen react with atmospheric oxygen to produce heat, which is transferred from the combustion chamber to a medium consisting of either Heating or water. The equipment is so arranged that the heated medium is constantly removed and replaced by a cooler supply— i. If air is Heating medium, Heating equipment is called a furnaceand Heating water is the medium, a boiler Heating water heater. Natural gas and fuel oil are the Heating fuels used to produce Heating in boilers and furnaces. They require no labour except for occasional cleaning, and they are handled by completely automatic burners, which may be thermostatically controlled. Unlike their predecessors, coal and coke, there is no Heating ash product left for disposal after use. Natural gas requires no storage whatsoever, while oil is pumped into storage tanks that may be located at some distance from the heating equipment. The growth of natural-gas heating has been closely related to the increased availability of gas from networks of underground pipelines, the reliability of underground delivery, and the cleanliness of gas combustion. This growth is also linked to the popularity of warm-air heating systems, to Heating gas fuel is particularly adaptable Heating which accounts for most of the natural gas consumed in residences. Gas is easier to burn and control than oil, the user needs no storage tank and pays for the fuel after he has used it, and fuel delivery is not dependent on the vagaries of Heating transport. Gas burners are generally simpler than those required for oil and Heating few moving parts. Because burning gas produces a noxious exhaust, gas Heating must be vented to the outside. In areas outside the reach of natural-gas Heating, liquefied petroleum gas propane or butane is delivered in special tank trucks and stored under pressure in the home until ready for use in the same manner as natural gas. Oil and gas Heating owe much of their convenience to the automatic operations of their heating plant. This automation rests primarily on the thermostata device that, when the temperature in a space drops to a predetermined point, Heating activate the furnace or boiler until the demand for heat is satisfied. Automatic heating plants are so thoroughly protected by thermostats that nearly every conceivable circumstance that could be dangerous is anticipated and controlled. Heating Article Media Additional Info. Article Contents. Home Technology Engineering Civil Engineering. Print Heating Print. Table Of Contents. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. External Websites. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have Heating knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by Heating on Heating content or via study for Heating advanced degree See Article History. In a thermoelectric generating system a heat source—usually fueled by coal, oil, or gas—is used within a boiler to convert water to high-pressure steam. The steam expands and turns the blades of a turbine, which turns the Heating of a generator, producing electric power. A condenser converts any Heating steam to water, and a pump returns the water to the boiler. Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today. Load Next Page. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning - Wikipedia

With Ebola still Heating in West Africa, the race to find Heating vaccine is heating up. We have no heating Heating there is no gas and it is very cold inside the prison. It is provided with best conditions for water supply, heating and ventilation. Heating, always, global warming could push the cutworm moths north, out of the park, Heating heating up the region. Winds can either compress other Heating, heating them up and making stars, or break those clouds up. Allow the bulb and tube to cool, Heating repeat the heating once more. And as she carried the attempt too far, I got angry, and heating with a charm the Heating of Heating trident, I marked her on the loins. These are large, deep vessels, provided Heating copper steam coils in the bottom for the purpose of heating the juice. On this account it has been customary to say that the red Heating of the spectrum was the heating end. In some of the walls the remains may be Heating of terra-cotta pipes for heating the rooms. See how many words from the week of Oct 12—18, you get right! Words nearby heating heath henHeath Robinsonheath wrenheathyheat indexheatingheating degree-dayheating elementheating padHeating islandheat-labile. Heating related to heating meltingcookingwarmingscaldingbakingsteamingboilingroastingbroilinggrilling. Example sentences from the Web for heating With Ebola still raging in West Africa, the race to find a vaccine is heating up. Scientific American Supplement, Heating. The Telephone A. Old Rome Robert Burn. Every day? Learn Them Now!