FREE HEATING PDF Sheila Rivera | 8 pages | 08 Nov 2007 | Lerner Publications Co ,U.S. | 9780822564157 | English | Minneapolis, United States Home Heating | Department of Energy A central Heating system provides warmth Heating the whole interior Heating a building or Heating of a building from one point to multiple rooms. When combined with other systems in order to control the building climate, the whole system may be an HVAC heating, ventilation Heating air conditioning system. Central heating differs from space heating in that the heat generation occurs in one place, such as Heating furnace room or basement in a house or a mechanical room in a large building though not necessarily at the geometrically "central" point. The heat Heating distributed throughout the building, typically by forced-air through ductwork, by water Heating through pipes, Heating by steam fed through pipes. The most common method Heating heat generation involves the combustion of fossil fuel in a furnace or boiler. In much of the temperate climate zone, most detached housing has had central heating installed since before the Second World War. Where coal was readily available i. Later in the 20th century, these were updated to burn fuel oil Heating gas, eliminating the need for a large coal storage bin near the boiler and the need to remove and discard coal ashes. Coal-fired systems are now mostly reserved for larger buildings. A cheaper alternative to hot water or steam heat is forced hot air. A furnace Heating fuel oilwhich heats air in a heat exchangerand blower fans circulate the warmed air through a network of ducts to the rooms in the building. This system is cheaper because the air moves Heating a series of ducts instead of pipes, and does not require a pipe fitter to install. Heating space Heating floor joists can be boxed in and used as some of the ductwork, further lowering costs. Electrical heating Heating occur less commonly and are practical only with low-cost electricity or when ground source heat Heating are used. Considering the combined system of thermal power station and electric resistance heating, the overall efficiency will be less than for direct use of fossil fuel for Heating heating. Some other buildings utilize central solar heatingin which case the distribution system normally uses Heating circulation. Heating to such systems are gas Heating and district heating. District heating uses the waste heat from an industrial process or electrical generating plant Heating provide heat for neighboring buildings. Similar to cogenerationthis requires underground piping to circulate Heating water or steam. Use of the ondol has been found at archaeological sites in present-day North Korea. The main components of Heating traditional ondol are an agungi Heating or stove accessible from an adjoining room typically kitchen or master bedrooma raised masonry floor Heating by horizontal smoke passages, and Heating vertical, freestanding chimney on the Heating exterior wall providing a draft. The heated floor, supported by stone piers or baffles to distribute the smoke, is covered by stone slabs, clay and Heating impervious layer such as oiled paper. Early ondol s began as gudeul that provided Heating heating for a home and for cooking. When a fire was lit in the furnace to cook rice for dinner, Heating flame would extend horizontally because the flue entry was beside the furnace. This arrangement was essential, as it would not allow Heating smoke to travel upward, which would cause the flame to go out Heating soon. As the flame would pass through the flue entrance, it would be guided through the network of passages with the smoke. Entire rooms would be built on the furnace flue to Heating ondol floored Heating. Ondol had traditionally been used as a living space for sitting, eating, sleeping and other pastimes in most Korean homes before the s. Koreans are accustomed to sitting and sleeping on the floor, and working and eating at low tables instead of raised tables with chairs. For short-term cooking, rice paddy straws or crop waste was preferred, while long hours of cooking and floor Heating needed longer-burning firewood. Unlike modern-day water heaters, the fuel was either sporadically or regularly burned two to five times a daydepending on frequency of cooking and seasonal weather conditions. The ancient Greeks originally developed central heating. The temple of Ephesus was heated by flues planted in the ground and circulating the heat which was Heating by fire. Some buildings in the Roman Empire used central heating Heating, conducting air heated by furnaces through Heating spaces under the floors and out of pipes called caliducts [4] in the walls—a system known as a hypocaust. The Roman hypocaust continued Heating be used on a smaller scale during Heating Antiquity and by the Umayyad caliphatewhile later Heating builders employed Heating simpler system of underfloor pipes. After the collapse of the Roman Empireoverwhelmingly across Europe, heating reverted to more primitive fireplaces for almost a thousand years. In the early medieval Alpine upland, a simpler central heating system where heat travelled through underfloor channels from the furnace room replaced Heating Roman hypocaust at Heating places. In the 13th century, the Cistercian monks revived central heating in Christian Europe using river Heating combined with indoor wood-fired furnaces. The well-preserved Royal Monastery of Our Lady of the Wheel founded Heating the Ebro River in the Aragon region of Spain provides an excellent example of such an application. The three main Heating of central Heating were developed in the late 18th to Heating centuries. William Strutt designed Heating new mill building in Derby with a central hot air furnace inalthough the idea had been already proposed by John Evelyn almost a hundred years earlier. Strutt's design Heating of a large stove that heated air brought from the outside by a large underground passage. The air was ventilated through Heating building by large central ducts. Inhe collaborated with another eminent engineer, Charles Sylvesteron the construction of a new building to house Derby's Royal Infirmary. Sylvester was instrumental in applying Strutt's novel heating system for the new hospital. Sylvester documented Heating new Heating of heating hospitals that were Heating in the design, Heating the healthier features such as self-cleaning and air-refreshing toilets. Their designs proved very influential. They were widely copied in the new mills of the Midlands and were constantly improved, reaching maturity with the work Heating de Chabannes on the ventilation of the House of Commons in the s. This Heating remained the standard Heating heating small buildings for the rest of the century. The English writer Hugh Plat proposed a steam-based central Heating system for a greenhouse inalthough this was an isolated Heating and was not followed up until the 18th century. Colonel Coke devised a system of pipes that would carry Heating around the house from a central boiler, but it was James Watt the Scottish inventor who was the first to build a working system in his house. A central boiler supplied high-pressure steam that then distributed the heat within the building through a system of pipes embedded in the columns. He [ clarification needed ] implemented the system on a much larger scale at a textile factory in Manchester. Robertson Buchanan wrote the definitive description of these installations in his treatises published in and Heating Tredgold 's work Principles of Warming and Ventilating Public Buildingsdelineated the method of the application of hot steam heating to smaller, non-industrial buildings. This method had superseded the hot air systems by the late 19th century. Slightly later, inHeating the first use of water in Sweden Heating distribute heating in buildings. However, these scattered attempts were isolated and mainly confined in their Heating to greenhouses. Tredgold originally dismissed its use as Heating, but changed his mind inwhen the technology went into a phase of rapid development. Early systems had used low pressure Heating systems, which required very large pipes. One of the first modern hot Heating central heating systems to remedy this deficiency were installed by Angier March Perkins in London Heating the s. At that time central heating Heating coming Heating fashion in Britain, with steam or hot air systems generally being used. A crucial invention to make the Heating viable was the thread screwed joint, that allowed the joint between the pipes to bear a similar pressure to the pipe itself. He also separated the boiler from the heat source to reduce the risk of explosion. The first unit was Heating in Heating home of Governor of the Bank of England John Horsley Palmer so that he could grow grapes in England 's cold climate. His systems were installed in factories and churches Heating the country, many of them remaining in usable condition for over years. His Heating was also adapted for use by Heating in the heating of their ovens and in the making of paper from wood pulp. Petersburginvented the radiator between andwhich was a major step in the final shaping of modern central heating. The energy source selected for a central heating system varies by region. The primary energy source is selected on Heating basis of cost, convenience, efficiency and reliability. The energy cost of heating is one of the main costs of operating a building in a cold climate. Some central heating plants can switch fuels for reasons of economy and convenience; for example, a home owner may install a wood-fired furnace with electrical backup for occasional unattended operation. Solid fuels such as woodpeat or coal can be stockpiled at the point of use, but are Heating to handle and difficult to automatically control. Wood fuel is still used where the supply is plentiful and the occupants of the building don't mind Heating work involved in hauling in fuel, Heating ashes, and tending the fire.