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Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWSSP)

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Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWSSP) Government of Uzbekistan Ministry of Housing and Communal Services (MHCS) Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWSSP) Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework (ESMPF) April 2020 Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework (ESMPF) for Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWWSP) Executive Summary The Government of Uzbekistan (GoU) through the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services (MHCS) plans to initiate the Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWSSP) and seeks financial assistance from the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) for this purpose. In line with the GoU regulatory and AIIB policy requirements, MHCS has commissioned a study to address the environmental and social impacts of this project. As an outcome of this study, the present Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework (ESMPF) has been prepared. Project Background GoU has a long-term program to increase the provision of high-quality water supply and sanitation services, strengthen the institutional base and physical infrastructure of operating organizations, improve the sanitary and environmental situation in the regions of the Republic. The existing water supply and sewage systems in Uzbekistan requires extensive reconstruction since it suffers from a worn-out infrastructure, unstable financial condition and weak institutional capacity. The coverage of water supply services to the population of Uzbekistan is about 68% and of Bukhara region is about 52% (Feasibility Study of the Design Institute, 2019). The pipes in the distribution system have been damaged by corrosion because of being used over a long period of time. The outdated equipment is sometimes filled with water, a situation that again leads to corrosion of the pipes and valves and their rapid collapse. Water is supplied to the network 3-4 times a week for several hours per day. As a result, the population experiences difficulties with the access to water, especially in the summer. Lack of funds, high cost of electricity and high costs of repair, maintenance and materials are among the typical problems for Bukhara region water supply organizations. Wastewater treatment plants in the region were built mainly in 1970-1980 and are currently worn out and mostly do not work. The existing equipment is outdated and operates with low efficiency if at all. Because of lack of financial resources, adequate and timely reconstruction of the water supply and sewerage systems has not been carried out. Only about 57% of the Bukhara city population and about 9% of the Bukhara region are provided with the water and sewerage services. To address these issues, the water supply and sewage systems in Bukhara region require extensive reconstruction, modern and efficient equipment, stable financial condition and strong institutional capacity. Project Overview The proposed project has been conceived to address the above-mentioned problems and aims to modernize water supply and sewerage systems for improving living standards and wellbeing of the population of Bukhara region. The water supply sub-projects include mainly construction and rehabilitation of well fields and intakes, main water lines, distribution networks, power transmission lines and pumping stations. The following specific subprojects will be included in the water supply components: i) Provision of clean drinking water to the population of the northern and western parts of Bukhara, Vobkent, Ministry of Housing and Communal Services (MHCS) ii Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework (ESMPF) for Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWWSP) Gijduvon, Shofirkon. Rometan and Peshku districts of the Bukhara region while increasing the capacity of the main resource facility – Damkhuja; ii) Reconstruction of water supply systems in the northern and western parts of the Shofirkon and Peshku districts as well as the northern part of the Gijduvon district through the construction and rehabilitation of the water intake structure ‘Jilvon’ in the Shofirkon district; iii) Construction and reconstruction of the main water pipeline from the Zarafshan water intake structure to Payjuy to provide the population of the southeastern part of the Rometan and Peshku regions; iv) Reconstruction and construction of the main water pipeline from the water intake -Zarafshan - to the water intake - Yakkatut - to provide the population of the Jondor district with drinking water; v) Construction and reconstruction of the water intake structures - Siezpoyon and Kurzhan to provide the population of rural settlements in the northern part of the Kagan region; vi) Construction and reconstruction of water supply systems to provide the population of the Qorovulbozor district; and vii) Construction and reconstruction of drinking water supply systems of Bukhara and Kagan district. The sewerage sub-projects include mainly the implementation of a centralized sewage system in each district center consisting of collectors, pumping stations and biological sewage treatment plants as well as discharge facilities. The following specific sub-projects will be included in the sewerage components: i) extension with sewage networks and sewage pumping station in Bukhara city; ii) construction of sewage networks, sewage pumping stations and sewage treatment plants in Bukhara district, Jondor district, Rometan district, Shofirkon district, Vobkent district, Gijduvon district, Peshku district, and Qorovulbozor district; iii) construction of sewage networks, sewage pumping station and conveyance of sewage from Kagan district to Bukhara City sewage treatment plant; iv) construction of sewage network and construction of sewage pumping station and conveyance of sewage from Qorakol district to Olot sewage treatment plant; and v) construction of sewage networks, pumping station and construction of sewage treatment plant in Olot for the waste water of both Olot and Qorakol districts. The Project will also address reduction of loss and leakage of water. Water quality control of potable water will significantly reduce number of waterborne diseases in Bukhara region. Rationale and Objectives of ESMPF Since the exact location and detailed design of the interventions proposed under the project are not known at this stage, the present ESMPF including a Resettlement Planning Framework (RPF) has been prepared. The ESMPF describes the overall environmental and social safeguard procedures to be undertaken during the project implementation. The purpose of the ESMPF is to ensure that the activities are assessed and implemented in conformity with the policies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Bukhara Region, the City of Bukhara as well as the AIIB Environmental and Social Policy (ESP) and Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs). The ESMPF identifies generic impacts of the project activities and identifies generic mitigation measures to address these impacts. It sets out principles and procedures to carry out environmental and social assessment as well as involuntary resettlement planning for the project activities. Baseline Conditions Overview. Bukhara region is a large agro-industrial region of Uzbekistan, located in the south- west of Uzbekistan. It is bordered by Turkmenistan, Khorezm, Navoi and Kashkadarya regions Ministry of Housing and Communal Services (MHCS) iii Environmental and Social Management Planning Framework (ESMPF) for Bukhara Region Water Supply and Sewerage Project (BRWWSP) and the autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan. The territory of the region consists of a desert plain with distinct hills. The total area of the territory is about 39,400 square kilometers. The region consists of 11 administrative districts, 11 towns, two urban townships and 107 kishlaks (villages). The administrative capital is the city of Bukhara. The old city of Bukhara is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, famous as a "living museum" and a center for international tourism. There are numerous historical and architectural monuments in and around the city and adjacent districts. Demography. The population of the region was about 1.9 million as of 2018. Representatives of more than 100 ethnic groups live in the region. The majority of the population is Uzbek, with a large group of ethnic Russians and Kirgizes. The average population density is 500 people per square km. Industry. The priority sectors of the economy in the region include agriculture, oil production and refining, as well as textile and clothing production. The share of small business in the Bukhara region is about 41% (of the total industrial volume). About 2,600 registered and 545 newly established enterprises exist in the region. Bukhara region occupies the 4th position in the Republic by the volume of investments in fixed resources per person for January-December 2018 - 4162,9 thousand sums (or 49,7% of the corresponding period of the previous year). Topography. The surface of the Bukhara region is wavy, slightly sloping to the north-west, on the most part of which there is the Kyzylkum desert with bumpy and muddy sands, fixed by vegetation and separate elevations. The territory of the region can be divided into the main geomorphological areas - lowlands, foothills, residual, mountains and plains. Soils of irrigated areas are meadow, alluvial, swampy meadows. Light grey, sandy and gypsum soils predominate in the desert-pastoral areas. Water sources. Water resources in Bukhara region are mainly generated in transboundary river basins. The project area is located in the
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