PALMS Fernando & Sotalbo: New Heterospothe Volume 45(3) 200,|

EnwrNoS. Fnnuaxoo Departmentof Forest A New BiologicalSciences, Collegeof Forestryand NaturalResources, of Heterospsthe The Universityof the - LosBafios, College,4037Laguna, with Undivided ThePhilippines

AND

Leavesfrom the EvnnNo D. Sorerso Herbarium,Institute of Biology,College of Philippines Science, The Universityof the Philippines- Diliman, Q.rczonCity, ThePhilippines

This new speciesof Heterospatheis most remarkable for its beautiful, erect, and consistently entire or undivided, bifid .It has great horticultural potential.

The central and easternparts of Mindanao Island, petiole and sheath to 2 m long; sheaths not among other areas in the Philippines, remain forming a well-defined crownshaft, each to 24 cm undercollectedfor palms (Fernando 1990a).One long, the edges fibrous and marcescent; petiole elegant new speciesin the Heterospathe green, only occasionally light purple, ca. 85 cm Scheff. (see Front Cover) has very recently been Iong, deeply channelled adaxially, the edges discovered in forests on ultramafic rocks on the sharply angled, convex abaxially and sparsely northeastern part of the island and is described puncticulate; sheath and petiole persistent on the below This adds to the 11 speciespreviously stem; mid-rachis triangular, channelled adaxially, recorded for the genus in the Philippines convex abaxially, sparsely puncticulate; lamina (Fernando L99Oa,1990b). undivided, inversely sagittate, bifid, to 115 cm long, 35 cm wide, lobe to 35 cm long, pinnately nov., Fig. 1 Heterospathe califrons Femando,sp. ribbed and distinctly plicate, up to 25 maior costae Habitu solitario vaginis foliorum et petiolis persistentibus Heterospathebrevicauli Fernando toctngpage affinis sed foliis indiviso-bifidis distinctissima. 1. HeterospathecalifronsFernando. A habitx 1/l5; B Typus: Philippines, Mindanao Island, Surigaodel sheathand basalportion of petiolex 1; € distalportion Sur Prov., Carmen, Fernando 1567 & Sotalbo of petioleand basallamina x 1; D apicalportion of (Holotypus LBC; isotypi BH, K, PNH, PUH). laminax 718;E younginflorescence and prophyllx1; F portion of rachillax 2.5; C staminateflower x 12; H pleonanthic, Solitary, moderate, unarmed, staminateflower showing stamens and pistillodex 12; I palm to 2.7 m tall. monoecious, undergrowth pistillateflower xl 1; J sepalof pistillateflower x 10; K Stemerect,rough-ringed, to ca. L.5 mtall, ca.6 cm petalof pistillateflower x 11; L pistilx 11; M diam.; internodes to l- cm long. Leavesundivided, infructescencex'l; N x 3.5; O seedx 3; P vertica bifid (Fig. 2), to 1,3in crown, erect, arching at section of seedx 3. A-L from Fernondo1 567 & Sotolbo, maturity; emerging leaves green; leaf including M-P from Fernondo1575. Drawn by F.B.Samiano.

118 PALMS45(3): 118-122 PALMS Fernando & Sotalbo: New Heterospothe Volume45(3) 2001

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119 PALMS Fernando& Sotalbo:New Heterospathe Volume45(3) 2001

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sfl :t *Fd!.T # /6 h$t ; ir -K ,1 \.Heterospathecolifronsinratheropenforest.3(topright). H.califrons: inflorescenceinbud.4(bottomleft). -' r.escenceat staminateanthesis. 5 (bottomright). H. califrons:infructescence with ripeningand ripefruit : : .--..- -- PALMS Fernando & Sotalbo: New Heterosoothe Volume45(3) 2001

6. Heterospothecolifrons growing with Arecacostuloto in foreston ultramaficrocks, Diwata Mountains,Mindanao. Photo:E.S. Fernando.

(ribs) on each side of the rachis, the abaxial surface yellow, shorter than the staminate , ca. 1.5 drying glaucescent; indumentum on midrib red- x 2 mm; sepals3, imbricate, ciliolate along the brown scurfy. Inflorescenceinterfoliar (Figs. 3, 4), margins, ca. 1..2x 1.5 mm; petals 3, imbricate at erect, becoming only slightly curved in fruit, to 85 base,broadly acute at tips, ca. 1 x 1.5 mm; pistil cm long, branching to 2 orders; peduncle ca. 57 ovoid-conical, ca. 0.8 x 1.2 mm, staminodes Cfl, covered with brown scales; prophyll minute. Inftuctescence(Fig. 5) with erect to slightly lanceolate,ca. 20-35 x 2.0-2.5 cm, persistent, arching rachillae. Fruifs spirally arranged along attached near the base and completely encircling the rachilla, glossy green, ripening yellow then the peduncle, tubular, 2-keeled laterally, and red, oblong-ovoid, 16 x 7 mm, stigmatic residue splitting abaxially and apically; peduncular bract obliquely apical, pericarp thin, fibrous, epicarp attachedbelow middle of peduncle,to ca. 37 x2.4 peeling off readily and drying granulose with cD, splitting abaxially, marcescent as the sclerosomes. Seedovoid, ca. 15 x 8 mm, with matures; I or 2 basal first-order prominent hilum, endosperm ruminate; embryo branches of rachis further branching with 2 basal. Germination adiacent-ligular; eophyll bifid. rachillae, distal branches as rachillae, ca. lO-72, DISTRIBUTIONAND HABITAT:PHILIPPINES. N.E. arranged spirally along axis, each ca. 0.2 x 5-13 Mindanao: eastern slopes of the Diwata cm, more or lessterete or slightly angular, tapering Mountains, in forest on ultramafic rocks, with distally, covered with brown scales as peduncle; canopy to 20 m, often along small creeks and triads or very rarely paired borne spirally partially water-logged areas; ca. 580 m alt. along the rachilla and subtended by low, lipJike Endemic. bracts.Stqminate flower oblong, light yellowish, ca. 2 x 4 mm; sepals3, petals 3, longer than the sepals; SPECIMENSEXAMINED: PHILIPPINES.Mindanao stamens6, filaments white; pistillode prominent, Island, Surigao del Sur Prov., Carmen, Femando conical. Pistillateflower rounded in bud, greenish- 1565 (LBC); Fernando1567 & Sotalbo(holotype

121 PALMS Fernando & Sotalbo: New Heterospathe Volume45(3) 2001

LBC; isotypes BH, K, PUH); Femando 1568 & Co Heterospathecalifrons has great potential as an (LBC), Fernando 1570 (LBC), Fernqndo 1575 (K, ornamental and, undoubtedly, is one of the LBC); Co 4932 (PUH), Sotalbo1123 (PUH). most beautiful endemic palms of the Philippine Islands. VERNACULAR NAME: Yanisi (Manobo). The entire or undivided, bifid leaf is rarely known Acknowledgements in the genus(Uhl & Dransfield 1987),except very Field work for this paper was supported through rurely,in Hetuospathescitula Fernando from Luzon the ITTO-GOP PD 35/96 Rev. 2(F) Project Island (Fernando 1990b). In its undergrowth habit Maintenanceof BiologicalDiversity in TlopicalForests and erect, undivided, and bifid leaves, it looks ManiagedPrimarily TimberProduction, Surigao del very similar to Asterogynemartianq (H. Wendl.) H. for Sur, Philippines under the auspices of the Wendl. ex Hemsley from Costa Rica. The solitary, SustainableEcosystems International Corporation short-stemmedhabit, and persistent leaf sheaths (SUSTEC), the International Timber Trade and petioles are also reminiscent of Heterospathe Organisation the Department of Environ- brevicaulisFernando from Luzon Island (Fernando 0TTO), ment and Natural Resources(DENR), and the 1990b) growing on similar habitats. Surigao Development Corporation (SUDECOR). Heterospathe califrons was found growing with We thank Mr. Ricardo M. Umali (SUSTEC)and Dr. another arecoid palm, the stilt-rooted Areca Efransjah 0TTO) for the opportunity to participate costulataBecc. (hitherto unrecorded for Mindanao in the proiect; Mr. Aristeo Puyat (SUDECOR)for Island) (Fig. 6), and other such as large hospitality at the site; Dr. Daniel A. Lagunzad clumps of the sedgeMapania palustris (Hassk. ex (PUH) and Mr. Leonardo L. Co (PUH) for excellent Steud.) F.-Vill. [Cyperaceae],the rattan Calamus assistanceand company in the field; Dr. John aidae Fernando, Pandanus copelandii Merc., Dransfield (K) for assistance with the Latin Sararanga philippinensls Merr. [Pandanaceae], diagnosis; and Mr. Froilan B. Samiano (CLP) for Tristaniopsismicrantha (Merr.) P.G. Wilson & J. T. preparing the figure. Waterhouse [Myrtaceae] and the pitcher plants Nepenthes merrilliana Macfarl. and Nepenthes Ltrrnarunr Crrno truncata Macfarl. [Nepenthaceae]. Heterospathe califrons appears to be restricted to ultramafic FrnNaxno,E.S. 1990a. A preliminary analysis of habitats and has not been observed elsewhere in the palm flora of the Philippine Islands. adjacent forests of other types. It prefers areas Principes34:28-45. that are partially water-loggedor near small creeks. Only a small population exists in the type locality, FrnN.rNoo,E.S. 1990b. The genus Heterospathe and the area urgently needs to be adequately (Palmae:Arecoideae) in the Philippines. Kew protected. Although four other species of Bulletin 45:219-234. Heterospathe[viz. H. elata Scheff., H. elmeri Becc., H. intermedia(Becc.) Fernando andH. philippinensis UHr, N.W. eNl J. DnRNsprnrl.1987. Genera (Becc.)Becc.] are knor,vnfrom Mindanao or nearby Palmarum: a classificationof palms basedon the smaller islands, these are not known to occur in work of H. E. Moore, Jr. International Palm ultramafic habitats and have not been observed in Society and L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Lawrence, association with,fl. califrons. Kansas,USA.

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