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Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Public Finance 2018 dopředného mikropohledu, daňový klín, náklady na kapitál, efektivní marginální daňová sazba, efektivní průměrná daňová sazba, spotřební daně, ekologické daně, daň ze zemního plynu, daň z pevných paliv, akcíz, cigarety, Evropská unie, sazba daně, politika, vládní uskupení, volební cyklus, daně z příjmů, sociální pojištění, Reforma veřejných financí, daň, daňové zatížení, mzda, superhrubá mzda, Převodní ceny, spojené osoby, komisionář, závislý agent, princip tržního odstupu, daňový mix, daňová politika EU, sazby daní, daň z nemovitostí, daň ze staveb, daň z pozemků, Prague 2018 2018 Prague místní koeficient, osvobození od daně, fiskální decentralizace, daňová re- forma, daňové zatížení, daň z příjmů fyzických osob, průměrná mzda, Euro, taxation system, tax rates, přeshraniční zápočty ztrát, domácí zápočty ztrát, konsolidace, správa miestnych daní, miestny poplatok, územná samosprá- va, daňové príjmy, všeobecne záväzné nariadenie, vzdělávání daně, eko- nomika, politika, daňová reforma, daň z příjmu, dědická a darovací, DPH, Proceedingsdaňová kvóta, of the daňové 23rd zatížení, International definice Conferencedaně, rovná daň, ekologické daně, osobní důchodová daň, příspěvky na sociální zabezpečení, mezinárodní Theoreticalpronájem and pracovní Practical síly, sociální zabezpečení, Aspects příjmy sociálního zabezpeče- ní, pojistné sociálního zabezpečení, daňová reforma, daňový systém, daňo- vý mix,of Národný Public strategický Finance referenčný rámec, 2018 Rámec podpory spoločen- stva, strategický cieľ, strategická priorita, operačný program, prioritné osi, opatrenia, oprávneníPraha, prijímatelia, 13 andERDF, 14 Kohézny April 2018 fond, dopytový systém alokácie verejných zdrojov, ponukový systém alokácie verejných zdrojov, programové financovanie,University finančné of Economics, riadenie, Praguekohézna politika, obnovitelné zdroje energie,Faculty energetické of Finance úspory, strukturálníand Accounting fondy, komunitární progra- my, územní energetickáDepartment koncepce ofkraje, Public regionální Finance operační programy, municipální sféra, Produktivity práce, Metódy odmeňovania v zdravot- Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Public Finance Aspects of Public Theoretical and Practical níctve, platba za výkon, platba za případ, kapitácia, mzda, efektívnost‘, odmeňovanie, zdravotníctvo, mzdy, veřejné výdaje, evaluace veřejných výdajů, plánování, odvětví obrany, resort, perspektivní plánováni, investice, dotácie, transparentnost, alokácia; higher education; returns to education, fees educational policy reform, primary balance, public debt, panel ana- lysis, fiskální decentralizace, meziregionální rovnost, fiskální redistribuce, rozpočty územní samosprávy, sdílení daní, dotace, decentralizácia verej- nej správy, fiškálna decentralizácia, miera decentralizácie, rozpočet obce, rozpočet samosprávneho kraja, VÚC, fiškálna politika, malé obce, príjmy z daní, výše, struktura, variabilita příjmy z daní, veřejné výdaje, incidence ve- řejných výdajů, rozpočtové určení daní, hospodaření obcí, velikost obce, fi- nancování obcí a krajů, rozpočtové určení daní, dotace měst a obcí, dotace krajů, samostatná působnost, přenesená působnost, zdravotnický systém, zdravotnické účty, finanční spravedlnost, flat tax, pension reform, political economy, příjmy, výdaje, rozpočet, deficit, konkurenceschopnost, invalidní pojištění, důchodové ojištění, nemocenské pojištění, morbidita, konverze in- validních důchodů ve starobní, investice do vzdělání, školné, lidský kapitál, návratnost investice do vzdělání, public ekonomy, social ekonomy, social enterprise, third sector, cooperatives, foundations, associations, služby, Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Proceedings obce, finanční právo, veřejné finance, finanční soustava, Lafferova křivka, ekonomie strany nabídky, prohibitivní zóna, efektivnost, administrativní náklady, lidský kapitál, úspory, investice, spravedlnost, zdraví, zdravotní rizika, fiscal policy, automatic Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Public Finance 2018 Praha, 13 and 14 April 2018 University of Economics, Prague Faculty of Finance and Accounting Department o Public Finance Praha 2018 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Public Finance 2018 Praha, 13 and 14 April 2018 Published with the support of the Internal Grant Agency, University of Economics, Prague. Project number IG108017. Programme Committee: Alena Vančurová, University of Economics, Prague Lucie Sedmihradská, University of Economics, Prague Kornélia Beličková, University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia Bojka Hamerníková, College of Regional Development and Banking Institute – AMBIS, Prague Beáta Mikušová Meričková, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia Juraj Nemec, Masaryk University, Brno Primož Pevcin, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Bruno Sergi, University of Messina, Italy and Harvard University, USA Leoš Vítek, University of Economics, Prague Jaroslav Vostatek, University of Finance and Administration, Prague Organizing Committee: Alena Vančurová (Head) Alena Maaytová Marie Halimová Reviewers: Prof. Květa Kubátová, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic All papers were peer reviewed by two external reviewers and the Programme Committee. Editor: Lucie Sedmihradská Technical Editor: Lucie Kábelová Publication was not subject to language check. Supported by Association of Public Economics. © University of Economics, Prague, Oeconomia Publishing House – Prague 2018 ISBN 978-80-245-2283-8 2 Contents Do the control actions of the Czech SAO have any real impacts? 6 Jan Buček 6 Local tax on land at the level of Slovak towns 13 Lukáš Cíbik 13 Geographic Inequalities in the Distribution of Physicians and Nurses: Czech Republic 2005 and 2015 19 Martin Dlouhý 19 Changes in consumer behavior when armed soldier is present in front of Museum Louvre 25 Blanka Havlíčková 25 Government Incentives and Charitable Donations: Analysis of the Crowding-out Hypothesis in the Czech Republic 32 Marie Hladká– Vladimír Hyánek 32 100 years of the public finances and 100 years of the tax reforms in Czech Republic territory 40 Roman Horák 40 Microeconomic Model of Optimal Alcohol Taxation 50 Karel Janda 50 Determinants of Fiscal Decentralization – the Recent Evidence in European Countries 58 Milan Jílek 58 Transferring a Part of Corporate Property Tax to the Local Budget of Russian Regions: Feasibility Study 67 Anna Kireenko – Milyausha Pinskaya– Ekaterina Khoroshavina– Vladislav Donchenko 67 Title Comparing the Supply Side Reform of the United States and China - Whose Tax Cut Can Raise the Level of Productivity? 76 Waiching Li 76 Compulsory two-component health insurance for Czechia: a bad idea whose time will never come 81 Jan Mertl 81 Consumer preferences in the consumption of public goods 89 Beáta Mikušová Meričková– Nikoleta Muthová 89 Negative income tax and the debate about its justification 96 Pavol Minárik 96 Employment of shareholders-individuals in tax planning through Panama Papers destinations: A case study for the Czech Republic 103 Danuše Nerudová– Veronika Solilová– Marian Dobranschi– Marek Litzman 103 Effect of value added tax rate changes on the price level of foodstuffs 110 Jan Procházka 110 3 Analysis of the consequences of trading in greenhouse gas emissions the Czech Republic 119 Ladislav Rozenský – Miroslav Hájek - Tereza Šrámková - Petr Hukal 119 Minimum Wage in the Czech Republic 130 Zdeněk Sadovský– Jitka Matějková 130 The economic and social consequences of changes in the pension system in Poland in 2017 138 Marek Szczepański 138 FDI and investments in SPE – differences in elasticity 146 Jan Tecl 146 Aggressive tax planning and Balance of Payments public data 153 Jana Tepperová – Jan Pavel 153 Expenditure on Public Administration in the Statutory Cities 159 Petr Tománek 159 Base Erosion and FDI Statistics 167 Leoš Vítek 167 Reform of the Employee and Self-employed Income Taxation 175 Jaroslav Vostatek 175 4 Prologue On April 13 and 14, 2018 the Department of Public Finance organized already the 23rd international conference "Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Public Finance" with over 60 participants from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia and Poland. The conference took place for the first time in March 1995 and since then it gained a significant position among similar events in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It is first of all a scientific conference, but it is relevant for practitioners and policymakers as well. The topic of the plenary session was 100 years of public finance at the territory of the Czech Republic, reflecting this years centennial anniversary of the republic. Roman Horák presented an overview paper titled 100 years of the public finance and 100 years of the tax reforms at the Czech Republic territory and Jan Pavel explained how preparation for defense of the Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1933 and 1939 affected public finances at that time. The number of participants in the last years is slightly declining due to the growth of similar conferences organized by other Czech universities and gradual changes in the system of evaluation of academic research. The conference tries to offer enough space for young scholars including graduate students. The day before the confer- ence starts there is organized a students´ competition. Participation of students at the conference is highly encour- aged so that 8 out of 22 papers included in this proceedings are authored or co-authored by graduate or doctoral students.
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