DOCSLIB.ORG

Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospective NATO Science Series

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospective NATO Science Series Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospective NATO Science Series A Series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NA TO Science Committee. The Series is published by lOS Press and Kluwer Academic Publishers, in conjunction with the NA TO Scientific Affairs Division. General Sub-Series A. Life Sciences lOS Press B. Physics Kluwer Academic Publishers C. Mathematical and Physical Sciences Kluwer Academic Publishers D. Behavioural and Social Sciences Kluwer Academic Publishers E. Applied Sciences Kluwer Academic Publishers F. Computer and Systems Sciences lOS Press Partnership Sub-Series 1. Disarmament Technologies Kluwer Academic Publishers 2. Environmental Security Kluwer Academic Publishers 3. High Technology Kluwer Academic Publishers 4. Science and Technology Policy lOS Press 5. Computer Networking lOS Press The Partnership Sub-Series incorporates activities undertaken in collaboration with NA TO's Partners in the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council - countries of the CIS and Central and Eastern Europe - in Priority Areas of concem to those countries. NATO-PCO-DATA BASE The NATO Science Series continues the series of books published formerly in the NATO ASI Series. An electronic index to the NATO ASI Series provides full bibliographical references (with keywords andlor abstracts) to more than 50000 contributions from international scientists published in all sections of the NATO ASI Series. Access to the NATO-PCO-DATA BASE is possible via CD-ROM "NATO-PCO-DATA BASE" with user-friendly retrieval software in English, French and German (© WTV GmbH and DATAWARE Technologies Inc. 1989). The CD-ROM of the NATO ASI Series can be ordered from: PCO, Overijse, Belgium. Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences - Vol. 530 LES HOUCHES CENTRE DE PHYSIQUE Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospective edited by Cecile DeWitt-Morette Department of Physics and Center for Relativity, University of Texas, Austin, U.S.A. and Jean-Bernard Zuber Service de Physique Theorique, CEASaclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France .... "Springer Science+Business Media, B.V. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospective Les Houches, France 15-26 June 1998 A C.I.P. Catalogue record for thls book Is avallable from the Llbrary of Congress ISBN 978-0-7923-5673-8 ISBN 978-94-011-4542-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-4542-8 Printed an acid-free paper AII Rights Reserved @ 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1999 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo­ copying, recorcling or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface VII List of Participants Xlll Correlation Functions through Variational Methods R. Balian 1 Reader's Guide to String Duality and Matrix Theory T. Banks 19 An Introduction to Equivariant Cohomology R.Bott 35 Hopf Algebras, Renormalization and Noncommutative Geometry A. Connes and D. Kreimer 59 The Peierls Bracket B. DeWitt 111 Gauge Theory without Ghosts and Quantum Gravity without Ghosts B. DeWitt and C. Molina-Paris 137 Quantized Branes and Symmetries of String Theory L. Dolan 139 Instructive History of the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method L. Faddeev 161 The Electron is Inexhaustible J. Frohlich 179 Exact Solution of Random Tiling Models B.lVienhu~ 217 Dimensionally Reduced Chern-Simons Terms and their Solutions R. Jackiw and So-Young Pi 245 BPS Branes in Supergravity K. Stelle 257 vi Selected Topics in Perturbative Field Theory: Renormalization, Differential Algebras R. Stora 353 Lectures on Random Matrices and Hall's Fluids A.Zee 369 Renormalization and Renormalization Group: From the Discovery of UV Divergences to the Concept of Effective Field Theories J. Zinn-Justin 375 Les Houches 1970: List of Participants 389 Les Houches 1975: List of Participants 393 Index 399 Preface The 1998 NATO AS! on Quantum Field Theory: Perspective and Prospec­ tive, is a legacy of two NATO ASI's organized at the Ecole de Physique (Les Houches). 1970 Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory organized. by C. DeWitt-Morette and R. Stora. 1975 Methods in Field Theory organized by R. Balian and J. Zinn-Justin. Quantum Field Theory experienced a renaissance in the late sixties. We asked participants in the 1970/1975 sessions, now key players in Quantum Field Theory and its multifaceted developments, two questions: * How do you assess the developments since 1970/1975 in your field of interest ? (legacy) * What advice and guidance do you give to your students and young collaborators? (exploiting the legacy) At the end of the volume, the reader will find the lists of the 1970 and 1975 participants. For permission to reproduce the cover page, list of lecturers, and list of participants, we thank The Gordon and Breach Publishing Group for the Les Houches 1970 proceedings, and Elsevier Science for the Les Houches 1975 proceedings. After several months of consultation, we identified the following objectives: * An interdisciplinary AS! for physicists and mathematicians who started their careers in Quantum Field Theory, and have since made important contributions not only in its original domain (particle physics) but also in areas of statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, cosmology, gravitation, algebra, differential geometry or topology. * Guidance for young researchers challenged by the far reaching concepts of Quantum Field Theory, but overwhelmed by its rich and complex details. vii viii With this goal in mind, we planned the courses listed in the table of contents. On average the courses consisted of lectures totaling four and a half hours. Alain Connes (les Houches 1970) fascinated the 1998 participants with the powerful and far reaching Noncommutative Geometry which he has devel­ oped in the intervening years; for some participants it was a first and heady exposure, for others it was an opportunity to learn recent developments in a field they are exploring. In 1998, Strings, Branes, and M-theory are dominant themes; they were cov­ ered by T. Banks, L. Dolan, and K. Stelle (all Les Houches 1975 students). It may seem that these two fields of investigation, Noncommutative Geome­ tryon the one hand, and Strings, Branes, and M-Theory on the other hand tackle the fundamental issues of space-time-matter from totally different per­ spectives. Nevertheless in a challenging lecture, J. Frohlich (1970) explored possible bridges between Noncommutative Geometry and Supersymmetric Quantum Theory. This program is described in more detail in his 1995 Les Houches lectures (Quantum Symmetries, eds. A. Connes, K. Gawedzki and J. Zinn-Justin). His more recent work is included here in "The Electron is Inexhaustible.'l Physicists hope one day to have an honest understanding of the quantum mechanical nature of spacetime. Selected important issues of Quantum Field Theory and of its impact on Condensed Matter Physics can be found in this volume. Needless to say, in the limited time of a two week session and the limited space of a book, equally important issues could not be included. But the following selection offers already a view of Quantum Physics from high power mathematics to novel table top. physics: * Equivariant Cohomology by R. Bott (1970). * Some features of the Chern-Simons action which has no explicit depen­ dence on the spacetime metric (a topological field theory) by S.-Y. Pi (1975). * New, or little known, basic topics in field theory, Variational Methods by R. Balian, ix The Peierls Bracket by B.S. DeWitt (1975). * Two contributions on renormalization one by R. Stora, which relates it to differential algebras, one by J. Zinn-Justin in the context of an historical survey of Quantum Field Theory as reflected in a number of Les Houches sessions. * Gauge Theory without Ghosts by B.S. DeWitt, to be found in the volume only by references and abstracts. * An Instructive History of the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method by L. Faddeev (1975), who presented also some new results (not included in this volume) on solitons and the Hopf invariant, and on the duality of the sine-Gordon theory. * Examples of the impact of Quantum Field Theory on Condensed Mat­ ter Physics were given by J. Frohlich and A. Zee in the analysis of the Quantum Hall Effect, B. Nienhuis (1975) in Quasicrystals and Random Lattices, A. Zee (1975) in Random Matrix Theory. Not included in this volume are the short presentations by the participants, a vital part of the session but difficult to capture in a written document. They are listed by titles at the end of the preface. We have mixed feelings on the value of proceedings. Fortunately the NATO Science Committee policy discourages the publication of "ordinary" proceed­ ings which are simply collections oflecture notes, together with a few research papers. The output of the meetings, required by NATO, is a book which ex­ tends the benefits of the ASI to scientists who did not have the opportunity of participating in the session. In order to fulfill this goal we have included three papers which have been or will be shortly published elsewhere; we are grateful to the publishers who have given us the necessary authorizations: x * The American Mathematical Society for permission to include a modi­ fied version of the article by J. Frohlich "The electron is inexhaustible" in Prospects in Mathematics Hugo Rossi, Ed. pp 17-44, 1999. * Elsevier Science for permission to reproduce the article of B. Nienhuis which appeared in Physics Reports. * World Scientific for permission to reproduce the notes of K. Stelle based on lectures given at the 1996 and 1997 ICTP Summer Schools in High Energy Physics and Cosmology. * Kluwer Academic Publishers for leaving the copyright of A. Cannes and D. Kreimer in their own name.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Institut Des Hautes Ét Udes Scientifiques
    InstItut des Hautes É t u d e s scIentIfIques A foundation in the public interest since 1981 2 | IHES IHES | 3 Contents A VISIONARY PROJECT, FOR EXCELLENCE IN SCIENCE P. 5 Editorial P. 6 Founder P. 7 Permanent professors A MODERN-DAY THELEMA FOR A GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY P. 8 Research P. 9 Visitors P. 10 Events P. 11 International INDEPENDENCE AND FREEDOM, ­­ THE INSTITUTE’S TWO OPERATIONAL PILLARS P. 12 Finance P. 13 Governance P. 14 Members P. 15 Tax benefits The Marilyn and James Simons Conference Center The aim of the Foundation known as ‘Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques’ is to enable and encourage theoretical scientific research (…). [Its] activity consists mainly in providing the Institute’s professors and researchers, both permanent and invited, with the resources required to undertake disinterested IHES February 2016 Content: IHES Communication Department – Translation: Hélène Wilkinson – Design: blossom-creation.com research. Photo Credits: Valérie Touchant-Landais / IHES, Marie-Claude Vergne / IHES – Cover: unigma All rights reserved Extract from the statutes of the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, 1958. 4 | IHES IHES | 5 A visionary project, for excellence in science Editorial Emmanuel Ullmo, Mathematician, IHES Director A single scientific program: curiosity. A single selection criterion: excellence. The Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques is an international mathematics and theoretical physics research center. Free of teaching duties and administrative tasks, its professors and visitors undertake research in complete independence and total freedom, at the highest international level. Ever since it was created, IHES has cultivated interdisciplinarity. The constant dialogue between mathematicians and theoretical physicists has led to particularly rich interactions.
    [Show full text]
  • Radiotélescopes Seek Cosmic Rays
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS CERN COURIER Radiotélescopes seek cosmic rays COMPUTING MEDICAL IMAGING NUCLEAR MASSES Information technology and Spin-off from particle physics Precision measurements from physics advance together pl6 wins awards p23 accelerator experiments p26 Multichannel GS/s data acquisition systems used For more information, to be expensive. They also would fill up entire visit our Web site at www.acqiris.com instrument racks with power-hungry electronics. But no more. We have shrunk the size, lowered 1)Rackmount kit available the cost, reduced the power consumption and incorporated exceptional features such as clock synchronization and complete trigger distribution.1) A single crate (no bigger than a desktop PC) can house up to 24 channels at 500MS/S or 1 GS/s when deploying an embedded processor, or up to 28 channels (14 at 2GS/s) using a PCI interface. CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to Member State governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly except January and August, in English and French editions. The views expressed are not CERN necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor: Gordon Fraser CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail [email protected] Fax +41 (22) 782 1906 Web http://www.cerncourier.com News editor: James Gillies COURIER VOLUME 41 NUMBER 3 APRIL 2001 Advisory Board: R Landua (Chairman), F Close, E Lillest0l, H Hoffmann, C Johnson,
    [Show full text]
  • Physics 616 Quantum Field Theory I(3 Credits)
    Physics 616 Quantum Field Theory I (3 credits) Fall 2011 Instructor: Prof. Michael Eides 279 Chem.-Phys. Bldg. Phone 257-3997 E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: Tuesday, 2:00-4:00 pm, or by appointment. Class meets Tuesday, Thursday, 9:30-10:45 am (CP 183). There will be no classes on Thursday, November 24 (Thanksgiving). Grading: I will give you home assignments approximately every 10 days. Your homework will be graded (40 points). Solutions to all problems will be placed in the library. I advice you to read my solutions with great care. If you have any questions about my solutions (as I expect you would), you are welcome in my office for discussion. I encourage you to discuss the homework together, and even to work on it together. However, you should write up your homework separately. Identical solutions would not earn any points. There will be no midterm exam. There will be a take-home final exam due Friday, December 12 (60 points). It could happen that I will change my mind and ask each of you to prepare a short talk (20-25 min) instead of the final exam. Student Evaluations: Course evaluations are an important (and mandatory!) component of our De- partment’s instructional program. The evaluation window for Fall 2011 will open on Wednesday, November 16, and close on Wednesday, Wednesday, December 7th. To access the system during this time, simply go to ”Courses” on the A&S Departmental Website page, and click on the link for Course Evaluations; then follow the instructions.
    [Show full text]
  • Reflections on the Renormalization Procedure for Gauge Theories
    Reflections on the renormalization procedure for gauge theories Gerard ’t Hooft Institute for Theoretical Physics EMMEΦ Centre for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena Science Faculty Utrecht University POBox 80.195 3808TD, Utrecht The Netherlands Internet: http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/˜hooft101/ In memory of Raymond Stora 1930 – 2015 Abstract Various pieces of insight were needed to formulate the rules for working with gauge theories of the electro-magnetic, weak and strong forces. First, it was needed to understand how to formulate the Feynman rules. We had to learn that there are many different ways to derive them, and it was needed to know arXiv:1604.06257v1 [hep-th] 21 Apr 2016 how different formulations of the gauge constraint lead to the same final re- sults: the calculated values of the scattering amplitudes. The rules for dealing with the infinities that had to be subtracted were a big challenge, culminating in the discovery of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin symmetry. Fond recollec- tions of the numerous discussions the author had with Raymond Stora on this topic are memorised here. We end with some reflections on the mathematical status of quantum field theories, and a letter sent by Stora to the author. Version: March 2016 Last typeset: April 22, 2016 1 1 Introduction Around the year 1970, rapid changes took place in our views of elementary particle physics, and in particular the role of local gauge theories and spontaneous symmetry breaking in these theories. For a long time, only few researchers had been convinced that quantum field theory was the way to go.
    [Show full text]
  • Reflections on the Renormalization Procedure for Gauge Theories
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Nuclear Physics B 912 (2016) 4–14 www.elsevier.com/locate/nuclphysb Reflections on the renormalization procedure for gauge theories Gerard ’t Hooft Institute for Theoretical Physics, EMMEΦ, Centre for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.195, 3808TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands Received 4 April 2016; accepted 6 April 2016 Available online 12 April 2016 Editor: Hubert Saleur In memory of Raymond Stora 1930–2015 Abstract Various pieces of insight were needed to formulate the rules for working with gauge theories of the electro-magnetic, weak and strong forces. First, it was needed to understand how to formulate the Feynman rules. We had to learn that there are many different ways to derive them, and it was needed to know how different formulations of the gauge constraint lead to the same final results: the calculated values of the scattering amplitudes. The rules for dealing with the infinities that had to be subtracted were a big chal- lenge, culminating in the discovery of the Becchi–Rouet–Stora–Tyutin symmetry. Fond recollections of the numerous discussions the author had with Raymond Stora on this topic are memorised here. We end with some reflections on the mathematical status of quantum field theories, and the transcription of a letter by R. Stora to the author. © 2016 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. 1. Introduction Around the year 1970, rapid changes took place in our views of elementary particle physics, and in particular the role of local gauge theories and spontaneous symmetry breaking in these theories.
    [Show full text]
  • Lecture Notes in Physics
    Lecture Notes in Physics Editorial Board H. Araki, Kyoto, Japan E. Br~zin, Paris, France J. Ehlers, Potsdam, Germany U. Frisch, Nice, France K. Hepp, Ziirich, Switzerland R. L. Jaffe, Cambridge, MA, USA R. Kippenhahn, G6ttingen, Germany H. A. Weidenmtiller, Heidelberg, Germany J. Wess, Mtinchen, Germany J. Zittartz, K61n, Germany Managing Editor W. Beiglb6ck Assisted by Mrs. Sabine Landgraf c/o Springer-Verlag, Physics Editorial Department II Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Paris Tokyo The Editorial Policy for Proceedings The series Lecture Notes in Physics reports new developments in physical research and teaching - quickly, informally, and at a high level. The proceedings to be considered for publication in this series should be limited to only a few areas of research, and these should be closely related to each other. The contributions should be of a high standard and should avoid lengthy redraftings of papers already published or about to be published elsewhere. As a whole, the proceedings should aim for a balanced presentation of the theme of the conference including a description of the techniques used and enough motivation for a broad readership. It should not be assumed that the published proceedings must reflect the conference in its entirety. (A listing or abstracts of papers presented at the meeting but not included in the proceedings could be added as an appendix.) When applying for publication in the series Lecture Notes in Physics the volume's editor(s) should submit sufficient material to enable the series editors and their referees to make a fairly accurate evaluation (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • When China Rules the World
    When China Rules the World 803P_pre.indd i 5/5/09 16:50:52 803P_pre.indd ii 5/5/09 16:50:52 martin jacques When China Rules the World The Rise of the Middle Kingdom and the End of the Western World ALLEN LANE an imprint of penguin books 803P_pre.indd iii 5/5/09 16:50:52 ALLEN LANE Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London wc2r orl, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada m4p 2y3 (a division of Pearson Canada Inc.) Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi – 110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, North Shore 0632, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offi ces: 80 Strand, London wc2r orl, England www.penguin.com First published 2009 1 Copyright © Martin Jacques, 2009 The moral right of the author has been asserted All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book Typeset in 10.5/14pt Sabon by Palimpsest Book Production Limited, Grangemouth, Stirlingshire Printed in England by XXX ISBN: 978–0–713–99254–0 www.greenpenguin.co.uk Penguin Books is committed to a sustainable future for our business, our readers and our planet.
    [Show full text]
  • Faces & Places
    CERN Courier December 2016 Faces & Places Mineral Insulated Cable We were among the fi rst pioneering companies to manufacture MI cable for improved performance and reliability. Standard insulation materials include MgO, Al2O3, and SiO2 with A WARDS high purity for applications such as nuclear and elevated temperature as standard. Cables are manufactured to all International Standards such as IEC, ATSM, JIS and BS. APS announces 2017 prize recipients • Flexible - bend radius of 6 x outer diameter. • Pressure tight vacuum seal. • Operating temperature of -269℃ to 1,260℃. • Welded and hermetically sealed connections. • Sheath diameter from 0.08mm to 26mm. • Capable of operating in the following atmospheres - oxidising, reducing, neutral and vacuum. • RF Coaxial, Triaxal cables, Multiconductor Transmission Top: Michel Della Negra, Peter Jenni and Tejinder Virdee (Panofsky Prize); James cables for power, control and instrumentation. Bjorken, Sekazi Mtingwa and Anton Piwinski (Wilson Prize). Bottom: Sally Dawson, Howard Haber, John Gunion and Gordon Kane (J J Sakurai Prize). The American Physical Society (APS) has instrumental contributions to the theory of problems in nuclear-structure physics, awarded its prizes for 2017, several of which the properties, reactions and signatures of cold-atom physics, and dense-matter Temperature is our business Cables | Temp Measurement | Electric Heaters are devoted to the fi elds of high-energy and the Higgs boson. theory of relevance to neutron stars”. The nuclear physics. The W K H Panofsky Prize Recognising
    [Show full text]
  • Notices of the American Mathematical Society ABCD Springer.Com
    ISSN 0002-9920 Notices of the American Mathematical Society ABCD springer.com Visit Springer at the of the American Mathematical Society 2010 Joint Mathematics December 2009 Volume 56, Number 11 Remembering John Stallings Meeting! page 1410 The Quest for Universal Spaces in Dimension Theory page 1418 A Trio of Institutes page 1426 7 Stop by the Springer booths and browse over 200 print books and over 1,000 ebooks! Our new touch-screen technology lets you browse titles with a single touch. It not only lets you view an entire book online, it also lets you order it as well. It’s as easy as 1-2-3. Volume 56, Number 11, Pages 1401–1520, December 2009 7 Sign up for 6 weeks free trial access to any of our over 100 journals, and enter to win a Kindle! 7 Find out about our new, revolutionary LaTeX product. Curious? Stop by to find out more. 2010 JMM 014494x Adrien-Marie Legendre and Joseph Fourier (see page 1455) Trim: 8.25" x 10.75" 120 pages on 40 lb Velocity • Spine: 1/8" • Print Cover on 9pt Carolina ,!4%8 ,!4%8 ,!4%8 AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY For the Avid Reader 1001 Problems in Mathematics under the Classical Number Theory Microscope Jean-Marie De Koninck, Université Notes on Cognitive Aspects of Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, and Mathematical Practice Armel Mercier, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, QC, Canada Alexandre V. Borovik, University of Manchester, United Kingdom 2007; 336 pages; Hardcover; ISBN: 978-0- 2010; approximately 331 pages; Hardcover; ISBN: 8218-4224-9; List US$49; AMS members 978-0-8218-4761-9; List US$59; AMS members US$47; Order US$39; Order code PINT code MBK/71 Bourbaki Making TEXTBOOK A Secret Society of Mathematics Mathematicians Come to Life Maurice Mashaal, Pour la Science, Paris, France A Guide for Teachers and Students 2006; 168 pages; Softcover; ISBN: 978-0- O.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Field Theory of Many-Body Systems
    Quantum Field Theory of Many-body Systems This page intentionally left blank Quantum Field Theory of Many-body Systems From the Origin of Sound to an Origin of Light and Electrons Xiao-Gang Wen Department of Physics, MIT OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in rcsearch, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sao Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Oxford University Press, 2004 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data (Data available) ISBNO 19 853094 3 (Hbk) 10 987654321 Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Biddies Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • In Ricordo Di
    IN RICORDO DI Bruno Zumino (1923-2014) Bruno Zumino was awarded the “Enrico Fermi” Prize of the Italian Physical Society in 2005. Courtesy of Mary K.Gaillard Bruno Zumino died in his home at Berkeley, 95% of the total mass-energy of the Universe. so-called Wess-Zumino Lagrangian. California, on June, 22nd 2014, at the age of 91. Supersymmetry is a strong candidate for As a final part of this tribute to Bruno Zumino He was an Emeritus Professor at Berkeley Physics beyond the Standard Model and even if I would like to make some personal University since 1994 and his name is today no particles predicted by this symmetry recollections. I had the privilege of being his mainly associated with the formulation of have been detected, there is still hope that they closest collaborator after J . Wess, with fourteen supersymmetry in our four-dimensional will show up in the TeV mass range, when the jointly published papers. This joint activity space- time. Supersymmetry is a highly Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN reaches the covered different epochs of my career, from the non-trivial extension of the relativistic symmetry highest project energy (14 TeV). time of my Fellowships at CERN to the time of of elementary particle interactions, called Two years later, in 1976, supersymmetry my senior and distinguished status (at CERN Poincaré symmetry, which, among other was combined with the gravitational force, and UCLA). I was proud to share with him and things, leads to the conservation of energy and giving birth to supergravity and its stunning Gabriele Veneziano (CERN and Collège de momentum.
    [Show full text]
  • 84 Weisskopf
    NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VICTOR FREDERICK WEISSKOPF 1908–2002 A Biographical Memoir by J. DAVID JACKSON AND KURT GOTTFRIED Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoirs, VOLUME 84 PUBLISHED 2003 BY THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C. Photo by Heka Davis, AIP Emilio Segré Visual Archives, Physics Today Collection VICTOR FREDERICK WEISSKOPF September 19, 1908–April 22, 2002 BY J. DAVID JACKSON AND KURT GOTTFRIED ICTOR FREDERICK WEISSKOPF was a major figure in the golden Vage of quantum mechanics, who made seminal contri- butions to the quantum theory of radiative transitions, the self-energy of the electron, the electrodynamic properties of the vacuum, and to the theory of nuclear reactions. In the broader arena through his writings and actions he was an effective advocate for international cooperation in sci- ence and human affairs. In 1981 he shared the Wolf Prize for physics with Freeman Dyson and Gerhard ‘t Hooft for “development and application of the quantum theory of fields.” In 1991 he was awarded the Public Welfare Medal of the National Academy of Sciences “for a half-century of unflagging effort to humanize the goals of science, acquaint the world with the beneficial potential of nuclear technolo- gies, and to safeguard it from the devastation of nuclear war.” As a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences he was instrumental in persuading the Pope to speak on the dangers of nuclear weapons. Weisskopf was born in Vienna, Austria, on September 19, 1908.
    [Show full text]