Roosevelt And The Eighteen By The Editors t h e MILITANT On New Year’s eve 18 leaders of the Socialist Workers Party and the Minneapolis Truckdrivers Local 544-00 were PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE put behind prison bars. They were put behind prison bars by a government which represents the interests, not of the broad masses of the Ameri­ VOL. V III—No. 2 NEW YORK, N. Y„ SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944 267 PRICE: FIVE CENTS can people, but of a small clique of the rich and privileged. These real masters of America, who are coining gold out of the agony and havoc of the 2nd world war, have determin­ ed to silence every voice of labor opposition to their govern­ ment of criminal misrule. They have determined to hamstring and throttle the powerful labor movement of America. No wonder they chose as their first victims eighteen individuals, who above all others, represent the Socialist consciousness of 18 FRAMED SWP LEADERS the awakening American working class. The spokesmen of the American plutocracy dare accuse the honest and fearless fighters for a new socialist world of the crime of “ conspiracy.” The conspirators are all on the other side. The con­ spirators are not located in the national head­ GO BEHIND PRISON BARS quarters of the Trotskyists or the Minneapolis CIO Truckdrivers. No, they are located in the govern­ Trotskyist Leaders Just Before Imprisonment mental offices of Washington and the counting Demonstrate Solidarity As houses of W all Street. Here are the men, who be- hind the backs of the American people, hatched the They Begin Jail Sentences gigantic conspiracy to plunge, them into the slaughter of the second world war. Minneapolis Workers Salute United March Roosevelt, who heads the list of these big conspirators, of 15 on Way to Federal Marshal's Office also stands at the head of the conspiracy that railroaded the 18 Socialist leaders and union militants to jail. Roosevelt, By Joseph Hansen who signed the Smith “ Gag” Act, personally initiated the MINNEAPOLIS, January 1.— At 3:10 yesterday prosecution of the 18 at the request of his labor flunkey, Daniel J. Tobin. Thus, the cogs of the machinery of capitalist afternoon, the jailer turned the key in the door of prosecution and frameup began to turn. Soon Biddle, an­ Hennepin County Jail, locking behind bars 15 of the other Rooseveltian "liberal” and a former member of the 18 defendants in the Minneapolis case. The other American C ivil Liberties Union, sent his G-men and prosecu­ tors into action. Federal Judge Joyce, who watches over the three were imprisoned in New York City and then interests of the plutocracy in the Minnesota Federal district sent to Danbury, Connecticut put his seal of approval oit the conspiracy. And now the Headed by James P. Cannon and Vincent R. nine begowned lawyers on the Supreme Court bench have permitted the conspiracy to run its course and the prison Dunne, the fifteen defendants formed ranks at 2:30 doors have closed on the 18. at the Minneapolis branch offices of the Socialist The great socialist agitator, Eugene V. Debs spoke Workers Party and marched in a body through the prophetically when he stated in his celebrated Canton speech during the last war: ‘‘ It is extremely dangerous to exercise crow ded streets o f th e c ity ® tionary tendency in the Scan­ the constitutional rights of free speech in a country fighting to the Federal C ourt to make democracy safe in the world.” In this self-proclaimed dinavian flavoring of Minnesota House. There they were politics. He was born in Sweden war to establish the “ four freedoms” all over the world, on an ancient feudal estate where Roosevelt is trampling on the freedom of the American peo­ received by the United his ancestors had worked as serfs ple here at home. States Marshal. In custody as fa r back as records extend. A»the masters in Washington are plunging into the fifth When Carl was a boy, capitalism year of the slaughter of the peoples, with no end in sight, of two deputies, they then penetrated into this area with saw their naked aims of conquest, subjugation and exploitation continued their closed mills and other entrprises based are becoming more obvious to millions of people at home and on cheap water power. Overnight, rank procession to the youths changed from serfs into abroad. Is it any wonder that they lash out in mad hatred After assembling at SWP headquarters and marching two abreast to the U. S. Marshall’s office, 15 of the 18 leaders proletarians. at men and women who are telling the truth? of the Socialist Workers Party and of Minneapolis Truckdrivers Local 544-010 are shown above at the Federal County jail. The conflict with the older Roosevelt and the American plutocrats are behaving as Courts building where they were taken into custody. They then marched around the block to the county jail to begin This morning at eight o’clock, Lutheran generation became every predatory ruling class that is already doomed by his­ serving their prison terms. The other three prisoners were taken into custody in New' Yoric City. See pictures Page 5. . according to the County Sheriff, all were taken to Sandstone Peni­ peculiarly sharp. From devout be­ tory has behaved throughout the years. In this respect, he lief in witchcraft, charms and the is behaving like ITitler, Mussolini, Franco, Chiang-Kai-Shek tentiary except for Grace Carlson whose time of leaving for a Fed­ catechism, these youths were con­ who in their frenzied fear of the Marxist ideas, have executed, General Marshall’s vicious at­ eral women’s prison has not yet fronted with the ultra-modern assassinated and jailed our Trotskyist comrades. They hope Rail And Steel Disputes Show tack from ambush upon the been made public. scientific doctrines of Karl Marx. to silence the voice of tru th ; they hope to stifle and choke American labor movement has From the SWP branch offices to The feudal home broke up. A t o ff the socialist message which alone points the way out of aroused tremendous indigna­ the County Jail, these revolu­ the age of 15 Carl created a local this madhouse of fascism, hunger and war. But their jailings Roosevelt Swing To Reaction tion among workers every­ tionaries marched with great scandal by refusing to go through are in vain. Debs said in Canton: “ They may put those men where. The meaning of M ar­ dignity, fully aware of the his­ with confirmation in the Lutheran church. in ja il— and some of the rest of us in ja il— but they cannot By C. Thomas shall’s declarations and the toric significance of this imprison­ role of labor in the struggle He spent three years in the put the socialist movement in ja il.” ment. Theirs had been the first A significant development of the rising labor crisis is Roosevelt’s pronounced swing to the against fascism are analyzed trial in the United States of re­ Swedish army. in the feature article on page Every day the masses are learning more about volutionary socialists in the M ET COOVER right. Time magazine, comments approvingly: “ Behind the velvet glove technique of offering 2: “General Marshall and the the character of this ruling class, of its aims, of second world war. They are the concessions, within the (Little Steel) formula, was Roosevelt's iron hand — and the iron hand Fight Against Fascism.” first to be incarcerated in “demo­ In 1911 he came to the “land its war. A ll the repressions, all the prosecutions, cratic” America for expression of of freedom.” Working on.the rail­ was news.” road, he met Oscar Coover. “We all the jailings w ill not avail. The truth w ill prove opinion as to the character of the During the coal miners’ dispute, the workers’ struggle for higher wages was pictured as a second World War. hardly worked,” said Carl re­ miniscently; “we had such good more powerful in the long run than the hundreds personal feud between John.L. Lewis and Roosevelt, with the miners being used as pawns. The Frenzied Plea for DEBS’ MANTLE arguments a’oout socialism.” of thousands of lies with which they are inundating real grievances of the miners were for a long time dismissed as a pretext seized upon by Lewis St rike Curbs Made They marched proudly, fo r they But the freedom Carl sought the American nation. In the end the truth will to embarrass the President. The Stalinists con tribuled to this union-baiting campaign by add­ represent Trotskyism in America, in America seemed to have been the only political opposition to somewhat exaggerated in the ad­ prevail. For every one of the 18 that have been ing the note that Lewis was ac-^" Roosevelt’s regime serious enough vertisements of the steamship start of a strike. The three rail arbitration award in the case of By Stalinist Finks tually an “ agent of Hitler and in its advocacy of socialism to companies. Because he played a jailed, one hundred others w ill rise to take their officials who refused Roosevelt’s the two rail unions which had By R. B e ll receive treatment like that ac­ prominent part in building the Hirohito.” arbitration offer have given us accepted his arbitration offer. In place and carry on. The imprisonment of our corded the revolutionary socialists labor movement of the Northwest, The poison-pen artists find it an inkling of what happened. order to skirt around the Hit tic In the current labor crisis, the in the first World W ar. As they Roosevelt’s regime decided to im­ eighteen comrades w ill become a damning accu­ Steel formula, Roosevelt’s award impossible to employ the same REFUSE OFFER Stalinists are out to break their strode through the streets, they prison him. Still worse they in­ sation against this regime of repression and war. grants a four cents per hour in­ previous strikebreaking record, sulted him by offering a bribe . . . propaganda in the rail and steel In a conference with the fail wore the mantle of Eugene V. crease in the basic wage scale, developed to its highest point if he were to stand on the side Our comrades walk into Roosevelt’s “ democratic” jails, situations. Roosevelt is only too officials on December 23, Roos­ Debs. plus five cents per hour, “in lieu of Tobin’s stool pigeons in the with their socialist convictions undimmed and with their well aware of the spinelessness evelt “layed down the law.” Three during the coal strikes. In a of overtime and travelling ex­ D aily Worker, article (Dec. 23) LAST HOURS IN trial, then things might go easier heads erect. They enter with the same revolutionary optimism and subservience of the rail and of the railway union representa­ pense,” plus two cents per hour MINNEAPOLIS for him. . . tives rejected his arbitration of­ entitled: “ Even Talk of Rail as Karl Liebknecht, Rosa Luxemburg and Eugene V. Debs steel bureaucrats. He is also in lieu of vacations with pay, a It was dark when the Hiawatha He faces 16 months in prison. fer. The public statement issued Strike Dangerous,” the Stalinist went into ja il in the first world war. The optimism proved aware that the rail and steel total increase of eleven cents per pulled into Minneapolis. Carl When he gets out, he does not justified. The first world war saw the eruption of the Russian by the three union officials, prot­ hour. Despite the jubilation of “labor expert” George Morris Skoglund and Oscar Coover met know his fate— perhaps deporta­ workers stand far to the left revolution— the greatest revolution in human history— and esting Roosevelt’s action revealed the Time publishers over Roos­ unburdens himself on the rail­ Cannon and myself at the station. tion to Sweden, a country he left that, “from Dec. 23 until we met the creation of a workers’ state over one-sixth of the surface of their official leadership. evelt’s “iron hand," Roosevelt was way wage dispute: “ That the They had a little difficulty getting so long ago it is completely alien with General Somervell, Dec. 29, constrained to temper his iron of the earth. The second world war w ill produce a conflagra­ It was this knowledge, together wage crisis in railroad was per-- us a taxi. to him now. Thus two ages as with his experience in the coal the Administration arranged no with the “velvet glove technique mitted to reach its present From the hotel we went to a well as two continents, are tion far more widespread than that of 25 years ago. meeting with the chosen repres­ strikes, that prompted Roosevelt of offering concessions” to the dangerous stage is a scandal restaurant. On the way, walking blended in this union man. He was The American working class, organized into the most entatives of the three organiza­ to modify his previous technique. railway workers. that should be laid at the doors along the dark street, I became born into the last remnants of powerful trade union organization of its entire history, is He tested his labor prestige in the tions involved in an effort to better acquainted with Skoglund. of narrow-minded stabilization already experiencing a new awakening. On the heels of the coal strikes when he appealed to reach a peaceful settlement” ROOSEVELT’S D ILEM M A Skoglund represents the revolu­ Continued on page 5) officials who cling to an out-worn fourth miners’ general strike, have come the struggles of VA the miners over the heads of their Roosevelt had lost confidence in These latest wage concessions wage formula, and the railroad official leaders, to return to work. his own and the labor bureauc­ highlight in the most graphic m illion steel and railroad workers. companies who are now pocketing So devastating was the rebuff of rats’ ability to “peacefully” res- manner the dilemma of the Roosc-- This gigantic labor movement, undefeated in battle, is unprecedented profits. The latter the miners that Roosevelt did not strain the workers. He declared: velt administration. The Roose­ Minneapolis Holds every day absorbing more clearly the meaning of this war. group want to keep raking in dare repeat the experiment with “I cannot wait,” and issued or­ velt administration depends for Every day greater sections of this working class w ill come to those profits under protection of the rail workers. For the first ders foi^the army to proceed with its political support primarily this nonsensical wage formula.” realize that the jailing of the 18 is part and parcel of the time, he ordered the army to take the seizure of the railroads. At upon the organized trade union Farewell Banquet “This nonsensical wage form­ campaign to outlaw strikes, to harass and throttle the trade over an industry, before the the same time, he announced his movement. Without its labor ula,” under which the railroad M IN N EAPO LIS, Minn., Dec. 28. — Two hundred and unions, to freeze wages, to raise taxes, to exploit, starve and base, the Roosevelt administra­ companies ar$ “pocketing unpre- fifty St. Paul and Minneapolis workers, including many truck enslave the American people, and to saddle them with the tion cannot survive. Despite re­ cented profits,” is none other than fu ll burdens and costs of the criminal war. Ever greater sec­ peated attempts, Roosevelt has drivers who had participated in the historic drivers’ strike of WAR PRODUCTION CUT BACKS failed to regain significant sup­ Roosevelt’s notorious Little Steel 1934, attended the farewell banquet given here tonight in honor tions of labor w ill realize that the fight to free the 18 is the formula, now under attack by the port among other sections of the of the 18 leaders of the Socialist Workers Party and Motor fight for the freedom of the labor movement, the fight for rail and steel workers. Hard on the needs and the rights of the whole working class. MENACE WORKERS’ SECURITY population. Besides, the temper Transport Workers Union Local 544-CIO, who will surrender of America’s mass production the heels of the rail crisis, the plants,'especially small, independ­ It is in that spirit and with that understanding By Miriam Carter workers is rising and some small steel workers, turned down on to the Eederal Marshal here on Friday. ent firms, have been closed down concessions must be made to hold their retroactive pay demand by Prominently displayed in front of the hall of the Socialist that militants throughout the labor movement w ill There has been a lot of talk in entirely, and many are operating them in line and preserve their Roosevelt’s W I,B agents, began Workers Party headquarters, where the banquet was held, was the past few months by the at only a fraction of their capa­ take up the cry: Free the 18! This fight will be support for the war program. It walking out of the plants when bosses and their spokesmen in city. In the aluminum industry their contracts expired on Christ­ a huge Honor Roll, bearing the names of the 18 class-war vic­ is this contradiction which ex­ tims. Ten of the eighteen were'5*- waged as part of the whole battle to hurl back the Washington about the post-war the proportion of cutbacks is even plains his ‘iron hand-velvet glove’ mas eve. The Stalinists were hor­ brutal anti-labor offensive of Big Business and its world. Many grandiose promises greater. Five “pot line” plants technique. rified! They suddenly discovered seated at the speakers table, the case, Miles Dunne, who was have been made in an effort to in Queens, Burlington, New Jer­ Thanks to the craven attitude that “the steel and all other work­ along with Miles Dunne who himself acquitted on a frame-up stooges. This fight w ill continue until the masses sey, and Borden, North Carolina, paint a rosy picture of the of Murray and Co., Roosevelt suc­ ers are asking no more than a acted as toastmaster. charge in 1941, showed that the have driven from the seats of power all the future for the workers who are which have been producing alum- ceeded in postponing the show­ restoration of the ‘Little Steel’ imprisonment of the 18 under the ium from alumina, the raw The popular working class fighting, dying, and paying for down with the steel workers, formula balance.” (Daily Worker reactionary Smith “Gag” Act was representatives of the exploiters, the tyrants, the material, have been shut Dec. 28). song, “ Solidarity” , which open­ a great blow to the whole labor the war. while the rail crisis was at its down. Other plants are op­ height. The showdown, however, ed the program, was sung with movement. “There will be other rich. The workers and poor farmers in taking over The real future planned by the NEW DISCOVERY erating at 10-50 per cent capacity will not be long in coming. The especial feeling by the audience cases and other victims unless the the government, will forever banish from the bosses is revealed in the recently with big shutdowns in Massena, reactionary law under which the steel workers are expecting to This discovery occurred after of working men and women who initiated cutback program of the New York, a big aluminum prod­ 18 were convicted is repealed earth wars, oppression, exploitation and hunger. receive substantial wage increases. Roosevelt, compelled to intervene had come to pay their respects to War Production Board. ucing center, in the offing. They have shown their readiness in the growing crisis, had sent through the organized pressure of On a new socialist foundation they will build a the trade union and political lead­ Many large scale layoffs have These shutdowns in basic indus­ to back their demands by m ili­ telegrams to Murray and the ers, about to be railroaded to the labor movement,” he warned. world of opportunity, democracy, prosperity and been taking place in the steel and tries, that handle materials at an tant action. The capitalists are Steel operators. To the operators prison because of their devotion Opening the speaking program, aluminum industries. In Penn­ peace. to the working class. sylvania and Ohio some steel (Continued on page 2) (Continued on page 6) (Continued on page 5) Sketching the background of (Continued on page SJ T WC - THE M ILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944 Gen. Marshall And The Fight Against Fascism By William F. Warde pile up billions in war profits, plunder the the American workers for their rights Nazi criminals and their capitalist accom­ The German workers, the first victims of conscripting millions of Germans to be­ Treasury and hold up production until they against these would-be Hitlers is there­ plices, but against the entire German na­ of Hitlerism, must bum with impatience come “hewers of wood and drawers of wa­ No sooner did the railroad and steel extort guaranteed gold-lined contracts from fore not only the best insurance against the tion. They have adopted the philosophy of to settle accounts with their Nazi oppres­ ter” for Stalinist taskmasters. And iu his workers begin their fight against the vici­ the government — and all remains quiet rise of native fascism; it likewise serves Vansittart and advocate the brutal subjuga­ sors. But they must also be asking: why New Year’s speech Hitler stressed every ous wage freeze, than all the star spangled along the Potomac. But let a million work­ to encourage the German workers to lift tion of the German people modeled upon should we undergo the colossal dangers and one of these terrible threats. stewards of Big Business began to hurl the ers demand a few cents more an hour in their heads and to. initiate their own fight H itler’s enslavement of the European peo; sacrifices involved in overthrowing the This infamous, reactionary program of filthiest abuse at the labor movement. an attempt to catch up with the rising cost against fascism and Big Business. pies. They not only propose to enslave the Nazis if we can expect nothing but enslave­ the Kremlin helps Hitler. These menacing, The millionaires, who are piling up super­ of living — and immediately the capitalist These superpatriotic Wall Street scoun­ German people but to dismember the coun­ ment, savage punishment, starvation and chauvinist declarations seek to drive the profits out of the war, pushed forward none press, the politicians and Brass Hats howl drels who are vilifying the workers give try, strip it of machinery, railroads, and super-exploitation at the hands of the in­ Soviet and German workers farther apart other than Gen. Marshall to launch the anti­ that they are "saboteurs” and “traitors.” even today direct aid to Hitlerism. In power plants. They propose to inflict upon vading Allies? instead of drawing them together in fra t­ labor barrage. America’s Army Chief of The mouthpieces of the monopolists their messages to the German people on the defeated German nation all the crimes ernal solidarity and struggle against the S taff took time out from his m ilitary duties slandered the miners in the same fashion, New Year’s day Hitler and Goebbels them­ the Nazis committed against the conquered Reniertiber Versailles Nazis and the capitalists. Stalin too seeks to denounce to a special news conference charging that the coal strikes were grist to selves presented irrefutable proof of this nations of Europe. to close the door to the German workers the workers fighting for a living wage. The The German people remember the terrible Hitler’s mill. In reality Hitler and Goeb­ fact. These frank avowals of 'the predatory and bar to them the road of socialist revo­ railroad wage controversy, he said, is “the consequences of the Versailles Treaty. Hit­ bels did not dare to advertise the miners’ A fter four and a half years of war the Anglo-American program have become H it­ lution. damnedest crime that was ever committed ler carefully reminds them that they can­ strikes among the German people. The first Nazis are fighting with their backs to the ler’s chief propaganda trump. The fear against America.” It would give Goebbels, not trust Roosevelt after Wilson’s hypoc­ task of the Nazis when they took power, wall. In addition to the external military of a new and more savage Versailles is Reactionary Alliance he predicted, “a psychological lift.” It will risy. . i was to smash the labor movement because pressure tightening around them and the what temporarily keeps the German people prolong the war in Europe and cost hun­ To transform their anti-Nazi impulses All the rulers are conspiring to paint the the militant working class is everywhere revolts in the occupied countries, they are from overthrowing the Nazi regime. Roos­ dreds of thousands of American lives. into action, the German workers need a German workers as International pariahs. the deadliest foe of Nazis and fascism. alarmed by the growing unrest of the mass­ evelt and Churchill are temporarily help­ Marshall then called upon the wives and progiam which offers them a realistic road From the west approach the Anglo-Ameri­ Hitler understood that news of worker’s es within Germany. Earge sections of the ing to bolster H itler’s weakening dictator­ mothers of servicemen to make their voices out of their present desperate situation, can imperialists are bent upon reducing them struggles and strikes would only reawaken German workers hate the murderous dicta­ ship. heard. Now comes White House secretary which can organize and arouse them for to vassals and destroying their country, the militancy, the independence and the torship; the aumy is .probably seething Early to inform us-that Roosevelt is “think­ revolutionary struggle. their culture, their lives. Turning toward spirit of international solidarity which per­ with discontent; the people unquestionably Chief Trump ing along the same lines.” Here is where Stalinism perpetrates its the east where the red dawn of the OcfSber meated the German labor movement before want an end to the endless destruction and Here we have a real preview of the sin­ “The dominant theme of H itler’s New greatest crime against the working class. Revolution blazed they see in front of the Anglo-American Big Business helped him death. Conditions are ripe for the German Year’s proclamation to the German people ister designs and the black reactionary When the Bolsheviks conquered power Red Armies the features of the Stalinist to take power. That is why his publicity masses to move against H itler’s regime aims of American Big Business. They want was that times were hard but that worse during the first world war, Lenin and Trot­ bureaucracy baring its teeth and brandi/h- machine never called attention to the min­ with the same revolutionary power that en­ was to come if Germany lost,” cables sky issued a revolutionary summons to the to saddle the labor movement with respon­ ing its whip^ A t home, they have H itler ers’ struggle. abled the Italian workers to topple Musso­ the AP. sibility for the horrors and deaths of Wall German workers to rise up against the and his Nazi cut-throats. Exactly the same thing is true in the lini. Through a successful German work­ Street’s war. They want to convert the Here are H itler’s own words: “In the end Hohenzollerns and join the Soviet and Eu­ But the Anglo-American imperialists and present railroad and steel struggles. Goeb­ ers’ revolution millions of lives could be there will be no victors or losers but only army into a hate-labor weapon to eventu­ ropean workers in common struggle against the Stalinist bureaucracy are not the only bels gives full publicity to the anti-negro spared and peace brought to Europe. ally destroy the labor movement and all survivors and annihilated . . . They would imperialism. This call received its response powers in Europe. "There exist in Europe riots, but he remains silent as the grave be delighted if they could destroy ten or democratic rights. The highest military of­ in the German November 1918 revolution also the workers and peasants, the over­ about the present m ilitant struggles of They Fear Revolution a hundred times as many men. They even ficer of the army is proven to be nothing but which brought the first world war to* an whelming majority of the population. In the American working class. An analysis The Anglo-American capitalists however say so brutally and openly — and we note a soulless tool of .the billionaire corpora­ end. This same revolutionary policy could (heir desperation and agony, they will or­ by government agencies of the recent Nazi dread the consequences of a workers’ rev­ tions. it just as openly. It shows us that this overturn Hitlerism and stop the imperialist ganize (heir own forces and begin to act broadcasts proves that they gave no notice olution almost as much as H itler and the is a struggle without mercy, a struggle for war. in their own name and interests. On that Who Is Responsible? to the steel and railroad controversies, German capitalists. The Teheran Confer­ existence that unfortunately we must and Stalin instead calls for the same kind of day, Hitler will be swept aside as was Who is responsible for Hitler? Why, it other than a few perfunctory references. ence did not even issue a call to the German will carry on just as unmercifully For, war of revenge against the German people Mussolini. And the grandiose plans of was these same monopolists, whose mouth­ people to revolt. Roosevelt and Churchill however great the terror may be loday, ij as his imperialist allies. The Stalinist Roosevelt,. Churchill and Stalin will be piece Marshall is, who boosted Hitler into Aims Of Big Business pursue an entirely different course toward cannot be compar-ed with the horrible mis­ propaganda is even more ferocious and junked. Only the workers in alliance with power and helped the Nazis to rearm. These Big Business would like to throttle the Germany, The Allied leaders arrogantly fortune that would afflict our nation and vindictive. In show trials, the Stalinists the peasantry, following the road of Lenin monopolists make secret carte,! agreements labor movement in this country the way boast that they are conducting a war of the whole of Europe if'this coalition of crim­ try to prove every German guilty for the and Trotsky, will rescue Europe from this with the German and Japanese capitalists, H itler did in Germany. The struggle of revenge and extermination, not against the inals should ever be victorious.” sufferings caused by the war. They speak devouring war, from starvation and ruin. Production Cut-Back •‘LABOR WITH A WHITS 8KTN OAlf- NOT EMANCIPATE) ITSELF WHERE Branches Speed Fund Campaign The LABOR WITH A BLACK SKIN IS BRANDED” — KARL MARX. By Rose Karsner, Director i Menace To Workers Last week, before the New York contingent of the 18 class- (Continued from page 1) unemployment, the “grim reaper” war prisoners left for Minneapolis to surrender to the United SCOREBOARD of the depression, may once agate Negro Struggle States Marshal, I spoke with several of them about the progress early stage in their manufacture, ravage the working class. Now mean future cutbacks in fabricat­ is the time, while the majority of the 15th Anniversary Fund Campaign. Quota Paid Percent ing plans. Government spokes­ of the workers are employed and Today I ^ant to report what they said. By David Ransom N EW H A V E N 50.00 65.00 130 men estimate that about one m il­ tlie trade unions are powerful, to Vincent R. Dunne: “The wqy the comrades lion workers will be “freed from fight for provisions that will MILWAUKEE 25.00 27.50 110 are responding is no surprise to me. I always war p’anls” by the third quarter avoid the hitter misery of unem­ In The Deep South SAN FRANCISCO 1,000.00 1,050.00 105 new that special circumstances would call forth » 5 ,« * of 1944. (N.Y. Times, Dec. 14). ployment. A. Phillip Randolph, President These agents are under the con­ special sacrifices from them. The example San ' f SAN DIEGO 100.00 100.00 100 Workers who have a chance to of the Brotherhood of Sleeping trol of the American Farm Bur­ Diego branch set in fulfilling its quota so far ALLENTOWN 25.00 25.00 100 get steadier or better paying jobs ANNUAL WAGE t Car Porters and head of the eau, an organization of million­ ahead of the time set is especially gratifying 14, a » New York 2,500.00 2,049.00 82 elsewhere are not allowed to quit The demand made by CIO presi­ because c£ Roosevelt's job freez­ March - cn - Washington - Move­ aire form operators and cotton to me, because when we were discussing the Detroit 2,000.00 1,624.50 81 dent Philip Murray for an annual ment is a well-known and influe- planters. ing order. They just have to stay quotas to be assigned, some of us thought $100 Boston 300.00 211.00 70 wage is one for which the whole ential figure in the Negro and According to the Southern Ten­ 15,000 on the job until the bosses have was too high for so small a group. I felt sure labor movement must fight. The trade union movements. But to ant Farmers Union, the 1944 farm Los Angeles 2,000.00 1,337.16 67 no further use for them. No guar­ they would do it. They have now justified my corporations bloated with huge re­ Democrat Ed Crump, political boss labor supply bill, passed by the npv> Newark 300.00 190.00 63 antee is given that though they serves squeezed from war profits, appraisal of them.” of Memphis, Randolph is just an­ House of Representatives, and Buffalo 300.00 189.50 63 stick to the job they can expect can well afford to provide an an­ Farrell Dobbs: “I have been watching the a regular pay check. other trouble maker from up now before a Senate Appropria­ Twin Cities 1,000.00 020.00 62 nual wage. This demand cannot North who has to be put in his tions committee, is the same as mercury of the scoreboard thermometer with In fact, the corporations utilize Cleveland 200.00 100.00 50 be achieved, however, by follow­ place. the 1943 law. It will aid the “big great interest. The way it has been .shooting up these cutbacks in production to ing Murray’s policy of pleading, Mem bers-at-Large On Nov. 6, 1943, the day be­ farmers who wish to maintain an from week to week is phenomenal. Tell the further undermine wage stand­ begging and depending-"' on the IQoco and friends fore Randolph was scheduled to abundant labor supply in the comrades throughout the country who have made 800.00 348.00 44 ards. Tn McKeesport, Pennsylva­ good nature of the Roosevelt ad­ address a mass meeting in Southern states regardless of the this possible, that I am proud to be a member of Reading 75.00 30.00 40 nia, on December 13, the pouring ministration, while destroying the cranemen of the National Tube Memphis, Crump’s stooge, Sheriff fact that workers are employed the same party they belong to, and that I shall <),ooo Chicago 2,000.00 713.13 3G effectiveness of the labor move­ Perry rounded up 18 to 20 lead­ only four to six months each Company went on strike in protest carry this thought with me into prison.” Youngstown 200.00 70.00 35 ment with tlie no-strike pladge. ing Negro citizens and had them year at below subsistence wage against the downgrading of two James P. Cannon: “This campaign was con­ Seattle 1,000.00 300.00 * A program of action, based on brought to his office. The sheriff levels.” Farm wages in the South a p o o 30 cranemen after a furnace had ceived as a 15th Anniversary Fund— as a special militant struggle, must be prep* warned them Randolph wouldn’t average between. four and five Bayonne 300.00 83.50 28 been shut down. be allowed to talk and predicted dollars a week. effort ’ in honor of the 15 years of American St. Louis 100.00 25.00 25 The number of layoffs is still ared by the labor movement now Trotskyism which developed through splits and Jpoo to avoid the grim consequences of “race riots” if the meeting was * * * Akron 200.00 50.00 25 proportionately small. But when unifications and splits again to the final con­ war production comes to a halt, future unemployment. held. Though the meeting was Toledo 100.00 20.00 20 cancelled, Randolph did speak be­ One way in which Negroes have solidation of a Marxist cadre; a cadre which can €,,000 East Chicago 100.00 0 0 fore two small gatherings of Ne­ struck out against oppression has withstand the shocks of war and repression with­ been by migrating to the North. Flint 100.00 0 0 groes in Memphis that week. out hysteria, without faltering. 5,000 Crump’s loud talk about North­ In spite of the government dec­ “When we initiated this Campaign we did not Philadelphia 150.00 0 0 ern agitators simply reveals that rees and the threats of physical know our imprisonment was so imminent. We ( Quakertown 25.00 0 0 violence more than half a million Sunday Open Forum Negroes in the South are follow­ set a ninety-day time limit for fulfillment of 4,000 Rochester 50.00 0 0 ing the lead of their brothers in Negroes, one paper says, have the quotas so the comrades could make their Subject: the North and pressing forward migrated to the North during the TOTALS » $9228.29 62% course of the second world war. pledges with the knowledge that they would - òpoo for their rights in a militant “THE STEEL AND RAIL CRISIS” fashion. Of course Crump and What is going to happen to the have three months in which to complete them. the whole parasitic crew of land­ millions of Negroes who remain We thought then that we would be here with lords and politicians who have in the South ? Although more you all throughout the campaign and watch its ZOOQ Discussion Leader: lived off the Negroes for genera­ than 2 million have left the South steady progress to full completion. The Supreme C. THOMAS tions won’t yield an inch without since 1920, it is impossible for Court decision changed matters. .1 ,0 0 0 putting up the most violent res­ all of them to migrate to the “We will not be here to see the mercury North. Economically, says Charles istance. They are demonstrating mount from week to week. But we go off to Sunday, January 9, 1944 that it will require a merciless S. Johnson, noted Negro writer, prison confident that this Campaign will be the Southern Negro is caught he- ¿V struggle to win concessions. completed before the deadline. tween the devil and the deep blue * * # “Tell the comrades that we accept the manner Auspices: New York School of Social Science sea. A reader of The M ilitant in The hard work and effort of our The Interstate Commerce Com­ in which they have been rushing in the funds For ten years before the war, Belview, Minnesota, expresses Seattle comrades during the past mission has just handed down a since the Supreme Court decision as an active 116 UNIVERSITY PLACE (Cor. 13th Street) 'machines were at a rapid rate re­ 4 the need of receiving the paper period is how resulting in many decision which declares that seg­ demonstration of their solidarity with us. The placing farm workers in the regularly each week. He writes: valuable subscriptions, as is NEW YORK CITY regation of races on railroad phenomenal speed with which the thermometer has been » shooting South. And Jim Crow plus the “You have sent me reminders shown by the following letters trains does not constitute “unlaw­ depression kept these Negroes out upward surprised even an old timer like myself.” that my subsdriptions have expir­ from our agent there: ful discrimination.” The ICC r r r r v T ▼ r r r r r , of the factories. Even under the Last week we printed a very poignant note from a Miss M in ed. I have already missed a few “Enclosed gre seven subscrip­ made this ruling in dismissing comparatively favorable employ­ Minneapolis. She said “I send $1 of my poverty hoping others will issues and at the same time, I tions. Please note that one blank the complaint of 18 colored sea­ ment opportunities during the do the same.” have missed the Marxist interpre­ is only a notice to you of a men against the Atlantic Coast war, the Southern negro is still Today we received another dollar like that from a Mr. S of tation of the news, which inter­ change in address of a recent Line Railroad Company. The barred by the capitalists from pretation is the only one that has sub.” railroad officials refused to feed Long Island. He says: “Although I am not a party member I feel any kind of skilled jobs- a real meaning. “Enclosed are four more subs, the colored seamen while white that I have been affected as much as you have by the railroading But the Negro masses are not to The Militant. They came in passengers were in the dining to prison of the defendants. I am doing what I can, that is donating “I must continue to read our taking things lying down. In an fifteen minutes after we mailed car. So long as they received a dollar now, with the promise of giving that much every month. press since its clarity cuts through Aid Labor’s 18 alliance with white workers who you the other seven subs. equal though segregated service, Please forgive the modest size of the sum involved but that is my all the confusion created by the also suffer from the backwardness “Incidently, eight of the eleven the ICC says, there was nothing capitalist radio and press, as well of the South, they have found a present lim it determined by my income.” suhs were brought in by one Political Prisoners and Their Families wrong. Segregation itself,- the as that of the social democrats. way of fighting Jim Crow. Last member who works in the ship­ ICC said, is a social question "Enclosed find $4. for The week, for instance, 12,000 IJegro yards.” They Are Counting On YO U ! which it cannot rule upon. N. Y. Central Branch Militant and Fourth Interna­ and white tobacco workers of * * * , The attempt of one federal tional. Winston-Salem, N. C. chose the Our agent in Toledo, Ohio, JAMES T. FARRELL, Chairman agency, the Interstate Commerce Fills Fund Quota “ P. S. I ’m sending $4 in place CIO to represent them at the Buy‘The Militant’ realizes the importance of keep­ Commission, to pass the buck on As a demonstration of solidarity $3 as a season greeting.” CIVIL RIGHTS DEFENSE COMMITTEE Reynolds plant. There were the ing financial obligations paid. He the issue of segregatiqn only with the 18 comrades railroaded at usual rumors of “race riots;” a * * * states : 160 Fifth Avenue, New York City 10, N. Y. emphasizes the point that the gov­ to prison, the members of Central mysterious citizens’ committee “ Enclosed is money for my ernment itself supports the Jim Branch, Local New York, com­ BRYANT PARK The house-to-nouse work done sprang into existence; the town combination subscription renewal Crow system of the South. pleted their $1,500 quota of the by our San Francisco comrades Here is my contribution of $ ...... to the Fund papers accused the union of incit­ Through its many agencies, the $15,000-15th Anniversary Fund is bringing excellent results, and also enclosed is money for ing racial trouble. But this didn’t NEWSSTAND applying on future literature bill. for the relief of the 18 political prisoners in the armed forces, and the courts, the Drive at the Farewell Dinner held both in subscriptions and con­ stop the tobacco workers from We want to start the new year government enforces the Southern for these comrades prior to their tacts. Our agent there writes: going ahead and joining the CIO. 46 W EST 42nd STREET with a credit balance.” Minneapolis “Gag” Law case and their families. pattern of segregation. leaving. The struggle of the unions in “Enclosed find money order for W ith the completion of their * * * the South is not confined to just (opp. STERN’S) attached five ..subs. quota, the comrades of Central The Southern capitalists and economic questions. A short while “When we began our house-to- Branch pledged themselves to go N E W YORK landlords have used Roosevelt’s ago 20 local unions of the CIO, house work it was with the idea In Detroit, Mich. Name ...... over the top and are now aiming job and wage freezing laws to A FL and the Railroad Brother­ that if we made only one good You can get at the $2,000 mark. force Negro and white farm hoods in St. Louis went on record • contact we would consider our THE MILITANT workers into a new system of demanding the abolition of dis­ work successful. To date we Address ...... at the - peonage. A law passed in 1943 criminatory clauses in the state Carries full stock of Pioneer Pub­ have done just that and more. We prevents farm workers from leav­ constitution, passage of a federal have contact now with three very FAMILY THEATRE lishers Pamphlets; also other U.S. City and State ing their county without the con­ anti-poll tax bill and the abolition The Militant fine Negro families and will keep NEWSSTAND --may now be purchased at and foreign Marxist Literature. sent of the Agricultural Extension of anti-Negro practices in in­ in close touch with them from opposite the theatre Services agent of that county. dustry. 242 Broadway, San Diego, Cal. now on.” SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944 THE MILITANT -THREE Farewell Speeches Of James P. Cannon, F a rre ll Dobbs At Banquet In New York City, Sunday Dec. 26, 1943 The Spirit of Our Party

[Following is the complete text of speeches delivered by James Our party is built on correct ideas and therefore is indestruc­ P. Cannon and Farrell Dobbs at the Farewell Banquet held. tible. But, in addition to that, 1 believe there is in this paity of ours an intangible power which reinforces the power of its Dec. 26, 1943 in New York City. Other speeches at the Ban­ ideas. That is the spirit of the party. Its comradeship, its soli­ quet were printed in last week’s issue of The M ilitant:] darity. You know the word “comrade” has been so long abused and so badly defiled by self-seekers and pretenders that honest people sometimes shrink from using the word any more. But in the movement that has been created under the inspiration of Trotsky, w'ith his example always before us, the w'ord “comrade” SPEECH OF JAMES P. CANNON has acquired a new, fresh meaning that animates the members of our movement, not only in their political^ work in the class struggle, but also in all their daily lives and m their associations This last, opportunity to speak to you for a period, comrades, with each other. It is not any more, not with us, a formal and is also the first opportunity I have had to thank you all for the conventional word, but a bond of unity and solidarity. Our com­ gifts that were presented to me and Rose on the occasion of the rades are devoted to each other and trust each other. That is an 15th Anniversary of our movement. We were both given gold watches by the comrades of Local New York. While I w ill not intangible source of power that will yield great results in the be able to take the watch with me to Sandstone penitentiary— as days to come. the saying goes, they figure you are not going anywhere and don’t need to know the time— I will, nevertheless, be able to take 6Duty Takes Us There9 something even more valuable than the watch or any other material gift. That is the memory of your kindness and your The grandest figure in the whole history of America was friendship. John Brown. In John Brown of Osawatomie the word and the It is always the most important thing in a new situation to deed were always in harmony with each other, never in con­ understand what it is, to know exactly what has happened and tradiction, never in conflict. When the old w'arrior went to why. Trotsky taught us that, among many other things. He Harpers Ferry, to “interfere,” as he said, against the abomina­ frequently repeated his favorite motto from Spinoza: “neither tion of chattel slavery, he took a small group of young men with to weep nor to laugh, but to understand.’’ him, among them some of his own sons. They went to Harpers Ferry where they perished, because like Luther they could do no The new situation is very clear to us and I think our under­ other. They felt required to do it. When Watson Brown, the standing is accurate. As the United States began to gear all its son of the old man, lay dying in the firehouse, bleeding from his machinery for entry into the new imperialist war, it became wounds, with his head resting on an old pair of overalls, the necessary again to fool the people. Here, as throughout the world, great governor of the slave State of Virginia came in to see a tremendous, world-wide mechanism of deception, falsification .him. He said to Watson Brown, “Young man, what brought you and misrepresentation was turned loose on the people. It was once here?” Watson Brown answered him in two words: “ Duty, Sir.” said that in every war the first casualty is the truth, and surely I believe that is the case with us. I believe that we have been the truth was the first casualty of this war. The world is flooded, under the same compulsion as John Brown’s young men were. inundated by lies. We are living, you might say, in the epoch of W d were obliged to tell the truth. We saw the abomination of the lie. Natalia Trotsky, in a letter she wrote, to us not long ago, the imperialist war and we were under compulsion to tell the said that the lie has entered like a geologic layer into the spiritual people the truth about it. We saw the vision of a Socialist society life of the people of the world, but even geologic layers are not Fourteen of the 18 Socialist Workers Party and Local 5 4 4 -0 0 leaders are pictured together at the party headquarters, and were under compulsion to fight for it at all costs and despite indestructible. The coming social revolution will blow the stratum 919 Marquette Ave., MinneapO’is, where they gathered before going to jail. Standing Cleft to right): Farrell Dobbs, all hazards. We have done our duty. And that, to me, on the of lies to bits, as a volcano blows up a geologic stratum. Harry DeBoer, E. Palmquist, Clarence Hamel, Emil Hansen, Oscar Coover, Jake Cooper. Sitting (left to right): Max eve of departure for Sandstone, is the important thing. That is why we go to the next stage of the struggle with a sure self- Geldman, Felix Morrow, Albert Goldman, James P. Cannon, Vincent Dunne, Carl Skoglund, Grace Carlson. confidence and a self-assurance. We Alone Told the Truth We are historically minded. We know that in the great scale of history our personal fate is a trifle, our lives are a trifle. In this time, when the people of the world, and the people leaving behind us capable men and women who are qualified to But the socialist goal of our struggle, that is no trifle. To serve of America among them, needed one thing more than anything Cruel Punishment Inflicted take our places in the leadership of the party. They have not that goal, as we have served it, that is enough. Let the conse­ else— to know the truth— they were fed on lies. All those in public been selected in a hurry. When the decision of the Supreme Court quences be what they may. Whether , we participate in the final life, all the political parties, all the preachers, priests and rabbis, And then, also, it is no light matter that we have to be was announced, we did not need an emergency meeting and a victory of the struggle of mankind for its socialist future, or the intellectuals who had promised to instruct and educate and separated from our families and they from us. True, we don’t hurried search for comrades to take our places in the leading whether it has to bo built on a foundation of our bones, it will inform the youth— they all betrayed the people of America, they positions. That had already been decided by the 15th Anniversary still be good for us that we took part in it, and we will have our cry and, as Rose said so magnificently in her speech here to­ sold them out and went over to the camp of the liars and Plenum of our party. But even the Plenum decision was only a justification and our reward.- No liars and' conspirators, no night, our women don’t mope. But, nevertheless, we are human deceivers. Our party alone did not betray, did not sell out. We formality. In reality the substitute leadership had been decided Supreme Court and no prison, can take that satisfaction away Trotskyists told the truth. That is the reason, and the only reason tco. If we are struck a blow, we hurt, and if we are stabbed we by the fifteen years of work and struggle in which certain in­ from us. We were obliged to do what we did. As a consequence we are on our way to prison. We obeyed the first commandment bleed. Separation from, those whose lives arc bound to us in an dividual comrades had been sifted out. They had shown their •of our truth-telling and our struggle we are now obliged to go in the decalogue of Trotskyism, which reads: “Thou shalt not lie.” intimate personal way is no less cruel a punishment for -us than calibre. They had come forward, and by common consent they to prison. We go there, however, not as criminals but because were designated to step into the places vacated by the 18. duty takes us there. We are not criminals, as you know, and as all of the others for others. Perhaps it is even more cruel, because our personal know. We are pot going to prison for any fault or injury com­ intimate associations are bound up With a complete community mitted against unoffending people. We didn’t kill, we didn’t steal, of ideas and activity in every element of life. Such associations and we didn’t lie. On the contrary, we have been just and truth­ SPEECH OF FARRELL DOBBS are perhaps a little closer, even a little dearer, if you will, than ful. All the criminals are on the other side. And all the liars are those of ordinary people who don’t value ideas very much and on the other side, beginning with the: judge and prosecutor in Comrades: Now our case,— the case of the 18 — perhaps seems more Minneapolis and ending with the highest court in the land. That who, consequently, don’t attract to themselves personal associa­ I have never been in jail. But some of my best friends have dramatic than the struggle, the life, the work, the role of othef is where the criminals are. I say that those nine black-gowned tions such as ours. But even if it hurts a little more, we can stand been in jail. And therefore I have had a great deal of kindly comrades in the party. But, in truth, that is not so. We are justices of the Supreme Court in Washington are just as criminal it better than the others because we are doing it in behalf of a advice and feel amply prepared to meet all of the exigencies the kind of dynamic organization that we are because each and as any of them. They are on a level with Roosevelt and Biddle cause that is more important than our personal lives. It is the of the period ahead. every member of the party stands in his appointed place and who started the prosecution and the lesser figures who carried cause that lifts us up and gives us strength. Socialism is greater One of our comrades who was imprisoned at the time of serves as best he can in accordance with his capacities and serves it through. The august Court did not pass judgment upon us. They than a mother and dearer than a wife. Knowing that, and the trial in Minneapolis in 1941 — in the penitentiary where in a greater capacity as he or she, develops in the course of his or played the ignominious role of Pontius Pilate who washed his knowing that our separation is forced upon us because of our some of us are now going — told us a very interesting stoi-y her training and experience. Collectively as a party, we march for­ hands. devotion to the higher cause, is what makes it possible to bear about the reactions of the men in the penitentiary during the ward with the working class, in the ranks of the working class, and to withstand. The Supreme Court of the United States, many of whom were trial of the 28 in Minneapolis. He said that these men in the standing in the vanguard of the working class. And while it may once members of the American Civil Liberties Union— democrats, We haven’t been taken by surprise. We have not been sud­ prison followed closely the reports of the trial in the Minneapolis seem a great sacrifice for some of us to go to prison, risks just if you please, and liberals who frowned upon the morality of the denly pulled up short and required to make a decision whether press, and they were absolutely convinced that it was only a as great are taken, sacrifices just as great are made by other Bolsheviks and the Marxists— showed us what their morality we are prepared to pay this price. Our decision was^ made in matter of hours or days at most, as the trial proceeded, until comrades every day in carrying our struggle forward. The com­ consists of. They were not concerned if honest people had been advance. We knew to begin with that to tell the truth, to take at least one of the many defendants would testify on behalf of rades fighting shoulder to shoulder with the workers in the un­ condemned. They were not concerned if the treasured Bill of up the cause of the poor and the persecuted against the rich the government and, in prison parlance, put the finger on the ions, in the factories, on the picket line are always in the fore­ Rights had been trampled into the mire. They didn’t see the act. and the mighty, to tell the truth in the face of all the liars in others. He related how they watched with absolute disbelief, as front of the struggle, taking all the necessary risks. They turned away. They washed their hands. the world—we knew that course entailed risks. I knew that more the trial unfolded, day after day, and they read the accounts in We have in the^hall here tonight a picture of Kelly Postal, than thirty years ago when I entered the socialist movement the paper. They saw the prosecution present its case. They saw one of our trade union fighters, now serving a sentence in the as a youth. Socialism lifted me out of the drab surroundings and the prosecution witnesses, the Tobin stool-pigeons, the F B I col­ Stillwater penitentiary in Minnesota. Kelly Postal was framed In the Camp of the Liars meager life of the poor town of Rosedale, Kansas, and showed lege boys, and tKe rest of their Stooges, take the stand one after up by Tobin in the same fight in which we were framed up. me the vision of a new' world. I thought it was good. I thought' another to testify against the defendants, and, finally,- in amaze­ it worth fighting for. I was ready, more than thirty years ago, ment, they saw the prosecution rest its case without putting a I say they are all liars and conspirators. They are all on the to fight for it at all hazards. Nothing has ever changed my sense ' single one of the defendants on the stand to testify against the side of the rich and the privileged, and their actions, from begin­ Each Stands in His Place of proportion and of values in that-respect. Neither persecution, others. They saw the defendants go forward with the defense ning to end, have been entirely consistent with this position. nor poverty, nor hardship, nor the long days of internal strug­ testimony, standing solid. Everyone who testified, held to his Everything, from the time when Roosevelt gave Biddle instruc­ Day after day, week after week, the comrades do their gles and factional quarrels that sear the souls of men in the convictions, refused to waver or weaken in the face of the prose­ tions to start the prosecutions against us, up to the trial, up to political movement—not all of that was able to change me or cution. And when the judge passed sentence, the 18, who finally duty, stand in their place in the ranks of the working class and the verdict and the condemnation, up to the sentencing in the break me because I never forgot what I started out to fight for. were convicted, stood absolutely firm, looked the judge in the carry forward their tasks regardless of risks. We have comrades Federal Court of Judge Joyce, up to the Pontius Pilate action of I kept undimmed my vision of the socialist future of mankind. eye when he passed sentence and walked out of the courtroom who every day, rain, snow or shine, are on the streets and be­ the Supreme Court of the United States, everything is consistent, Having that attitude, as all of the 18 do, we can put so-called with heads erect. And these men in the penitentiary couldn’t everything is in order in the camp of the liars, the friends of the fore the factory gates, distributing The Militant, distributing sacrifices in their proper setting and attribute to them their believe this. They asked our comrades in the penitentiary, rich and privileged. the Fourth International, running the mimeograph machine, right place with a due sense of proportion. “ What kind of people are these comrades of yours?” They But how do matters stand with us? Are we consistent too? knew the time tried method of the prosecution — to lump to­ getting out leaflets, advertising the meetings, keeping the party Yes, indeed. Everything is in order on our side. We neither gether a mass of defendants, figuring with absolute certainty headquarters open and in order, doing office work, filling or­ laugh nor weep; we understand. We have understood from the that, under the law of averages, there would be at least one ganization posts, performing the myriad tasks that go to make The Rewards of Socialism weakling in the group who will break down and give aid and beginning what might be the consequences of our undertaking. up the day-to-day life and activity of our party. Everyone of A ll people pay for their ideas what they think the ideas are support to the government in its case against the others. “What these comrades is contributing to the cause. Everyone of these worth. I f some men are not prepared to pay with the sacrifice Ben Hanford, one of the best loved of all the early socialist kind of people aye these?” They couldn’t understand. And they of one day’s liberty or the missing of one meal or a little incon­ agitators in this country, once objected to a comrade’s state­ are not the only ones who couldn’t understand. comrades is a hero in the struggle of the working class. venience for the sake of his ideas, they are only saying thereby ment that he had made great sacrifices for the movement. He Only a few days ago we received word that one of our that they set no serious value upon them. But we think our ideas said, he had received from the socialist movement something comrades in the armed forces is in a hospital with both his are the most important thing in this world, that they represent far greater and fa r better than he had ever been able to con­ Our Cause Is All-Important legs shot off. His is another sacrifice. But significantly, and the whole future of mankind. That is why, if we have to pay typical of a Trotskyist, he tells in his letters of his confidence in even a high price for the sake of those ideas, we pay it without tribute to it. He had only been able to give time, effort and But these comrades who stood before the court are typical the future. He writes that he expects to get artificial legs; he whimpering. We are Trotskyists, you remember, and that means material means, but the socialist movement had given him a of the kind of people that make up the membership of the So­ expects to learn to walk on them; and-he is looking forward to we are political people of a different breed. The Trotskyist party cause that was bigger than self. Therefore, he had a warrant cialist Workers Party. We are a party of one-hundred percenters. getting these new legs and getting out so that he can again is not likd the other parties. It is a different kind of a party, for living in a world of poverty, hardship, discrimination and 'We have made up our minds that the great cause to which we serve the party and the cause to which we all have dedicated different not in degree, but in kind, in quality. Other parties and injustice. “ So please don’t speak of my sacrifices,” said Ben have dedicated our lives is more important than anything else ourselves. Others of our comrades in the course of the war have other politicians set limits to what they will do. But the Trotsky­ Hanford. “Socialism made a man of me, and I can never repay in this world. We place it before every other consideration. Noth­ lost their lives at sea in carrying out assignments in mass work. is ts set no lim it on what they will do for their ideas and, in the ing else is dearer to us. And we laugh with disdain at the capi­ We are a party of professional revolutionists who put service last analysis, they set no limits on the price they are prepared the movement for that.” talist tyrants who try by their persecutions, by their legal frame- to the party before all other considerations. We answer the call to pay for them. The others play for pennies, but the Trotskyist We have not been idle in our time of comparative freedom. ups and their prisons to swerve us from our path, try to of the party without reservation or qualification. That is the stakes his head. Therein is the difference. Therein is the chasm We have labored and we have created something that we can frighten us away from the fight for the great goal for which we kind of party we have. That is the kind of people our party is that separates the vanguard of the coming proletarian revolution struggle. We understand — everyone of us — that nothing is made of. With that kind of party, no matter what persecutions from all politicians and parties who merely dabble with the idea. leave behind, very sure that it will not fall apart. A movement more important than the working class cause to which we dedi­ are leveled against us by the capitalist class, no matter what that is built upon ideas is a power that is hard to destroy. I am not one of those who take lightly the iniquity that has cate our lives. obstacles they throw up in our road, we are going to march been perpetrated against us. It is a severe and cruel punishment. Indeed, it cannot be destroyed. You remember the tragic time Some of the newer comrades, now coming into the party, steadily ahead. We who love freedom, and live for the idea of freedom, are three years ago last August, when Trotsky fell victim to the are only just beginning to assimilate this knowledge. But, com­ We. are absolutely confident, Comrades, not only that you condemned to lose it for ourselves. We will not be free to come assassin. Many people speculated, that nowr with the great genius- rades, as you live, as you learn, as you go forward in our party will carry on without us while we are away; we are confident and go as we please. Our days and nights, through the long leader dead, the movement he had created would be scattered waging the great struggle, you will draw to yourselves strength that we will make gains, that the party will go forward, grow months leading up to the end of our sentence, will be regulated in strength, penetrate more deeply into the ranks of the work­ to the four winds and soon disappear. We knew it was not so and reassurance and courage and confidence from the comrades and all our movements circumscribed by others. That will not be >vho will be standing at your side, fighting shoulder to shoulder ing class and move a certain distance closer to the ultimate because the ideas Trotsky left behind v.Tere a mighty cement to dasy for rebels to bear. We will be'forced into inactivity. What with you. And each of us draws from our group collectively, goal. In a few months we shall be back with you again to can be more cruel to a revolutionary activist than to be deprived keep the ranks together. The party didn’t fall into disintegra­ our party as a whole, that strength to stand in the face of all take our places beside you to carry forward in the struggle for of 'the opportunity to take part in the movement which means tion. Far from it, the party continued to live and to grow'. That persecution, that strength to go forward and fight against all the victory of socialism. We have absolute confidence because life to him—the very breath of life. will be the case now' too. We go to prison confident that we are obstacles and against all odds. we know that the future is ours. FOUR — TUE MILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944 Biographies Of The Imprisoned Trotskyists free Tom Mooney and in the Friends of reason—they had dared to demand a demo­ From the beginning of his activity dur­ Ed has two young children under 10, Soviet Russia. As a delegate, to the Min­ cratic hearing for Leon Trotsky’s views in ing the rise of Local 544, Ed grasped the Barbara and Michael, and a grown-up neapolis Centra? Labor Union, 1922-1924, he the Communist International. A t that time, need for a fundamental social and political daughter, Violet. His wife Rose has been The folloiving personal sketches complete the roster of the fought for class struggle policies, and in Vincent had not even had the chance to solution of the workers’ problems. He a loyal comrade, standing shoulder to 18 Minneapolis prisoners. Biographies of 10 of the 18 were pub­ 1924 was removed and expelled because he learn Trotsky’s opinions. In 1929, he, along joined the Trotskyist movement and com­ shoulder with him in- the class struggle. with Oscar Coover, Carl Skoglund and bined the struggle for day to day demands She was one of the ten acquitted in the lished in last week’s MILITANT. was a communist, by order of the A F L Na­ tional Executive Council. He was secretary others, became pioneer members of the with the battle for socialism. trialj of the original 28. for four years of the Minneapolis 12th Ward American Trotskyist movement. Farmer-Labor Party c'ub, from which he Once more, the bosses and their govern­ fought for the cohcept of a centra'ized, was expelled in 1928 for his opposition to ment have thrown Vincent Dunne behind JAMES P. CANNON disciplined, combat party of the American Shipstead and the other labor political prison bars. But they will never silence nor the negotiations committee of the strikes, workers. He edited the Left-Wing weekly, fakers. crush him. For almost 40 years, he has where he displayed exceptional talents — Over 35 years ago, James P. Cannon de­ FARRELL DOBBS The Workers’ Wor.'d, in 1919, and was a Three days after this expulsion, he was fought for the working class, and stood up cool judgment, attentiveness to details, termined to seek the truth about the capi­ Sometimes, the force of a great idea, a delegate to the Left-W ing national confer­ bureaucratically expeled, with Oscar to every blow hurled at him. He has already uncompromising firmness, an analytical talist social system. Through struggle and noble cause bigger than self, seizes on a ence. Coover and Carl Skoglund from the Com­ earned a place in American labor history mind that cut through all the tricks and travail he found that truth in Marxism. seemingly ordinary man, a worker, lifts He was a foundation member of the munist Party, in which he had held many as an incorruptible working class leader deceptions of the bosses and arbitrators. And he has defended that up and transforms him, raises him to sta­ Communist Labor Party, one of the groups district posts for a number of years. The and fighter, an intransigent Bolshevik. In March 1934, he made the great turning t.uth against all the liars, ture immeasurably higher which formed the American Communist point of his life, he joined the Trotskyist coriupters, cheats, scoun­ than the stunted role Pavty, and was the first District Organizer party. He wasn't asked to join. He him­ drels, watch-dogs a n d bourgeois society had of the St. Louis-Kansas City District, 1919- self asked for admission. For it is charac­ sycophants of capitalism their historic struggle, Emil was right in assigned him. 1920. He organized the first communist teristic of him that he studies everything ever since. the thick of the battle from the word, go. Such a cause is the groups in the Kansas and Southern Illinois carefully, thinks things through to the very EMIL HANSEN emancipation o f t h e Cannon was brought mine fields. He was elected to the Central He swung the organization of cab drivers Emil Hansen, “The Big Dane” as he is working class. Such a end, and when he comes to a conclusion, he up in the prairie town of Executive Committee at the first conven­ which he helped organize behind the 1934 affectionately known, has been called a man, lifted up and trans­ acts upon it without hesitation. And then Rosedale, Kansas, where tion of the Communist Party in 1920, and strikes. “tower of strength” in the building of the formed by that cause, is he gives everything — everything — to the he was born in 1890. His re-elected at every subsequent convention Solid as a rock, dependable, a seasoned Minneapolis labor movement. duty and task at hand. father, a foundry-man, until his expulsion for Trotskyism in 1928. union militant, Emil commanded the Farrell Dobbs, depression Over six feet tall and From 1934 to 1939, the Local 544 mem­ was an old Debs socialist. Like all the He was a delegate to both the Fourth and respect of his fellow unionists. He proved victim, coal yard worker, more than 225 pounds in bership elected him repeatedly to the of­ workers’ families, the Cannons lived in Sixth World Congresses of the Communist to be one of the most formidable fighters an ordinary guy harrassed by debt and in­ weight, Emil has stood fice of secretary-treasurer, except for a 10 grinding poverty. International in 1924 and 1928, and also to_ against the Minneapolis bosses. security trying to feed a wife and three kids out among his fellow months period when he was elected record­ When he was 12, his mother died, and he the sessions of the enlarged Executive Com­ Emil ranks high in the affection of the back in the hopeless, dark days of 1933. workers not merely in ing secretary. had to go to work, 60 hours a week at a mittee of the Comintern. As National Sec­ Minneapolis workers, not merely because of Farrell was born in Queen City, Missouri, size, but in courage, In 1937, he was elected secretary of the packing plant. He worked 70 hours a week retary of the International Labor Defense his splendid record of union militancy but in 1907, and lived in Minneapolis from the fighting spirit and work­ also because, of his lovable personal age of six. A year after graduating from newly formed council of drivers locals in in a railroad yard when he was 14. He from its foundation in 1925 until 1928, he ing-class loyalty. qualities, above all, his warm, big-hearted high school he secured employment as a wire the northwest area, the North Central Dis­ yearned for education, for the ability to organized the defense campaigns that made He was born in Den­ friendliness. He never pushed himself, man for Western Electric, and learned in trict Drivers’ Council. Out of this council, express himself and his ideas, and painful­ the Sacco-Vanzetti and Mooney cases world­ mark in 1906. AT his life never did a lot of ’!oud talking, but in every the course of his work, without formal in which Farrell played the outstanding ly scraped his pennies together until he wide issues. he has been a militant It was while a delegate at the Sixth battle and union crisis he was right where education, enough about operations to role, grew the Eleven State Area Commit­ could enter high school at the age of 16. defender of the workers’ interests. World Congress of the Comintern that he was needed most, doing a man-size job qualify as a planning engineer. He was tee, of which Farrell was also secretary. For a while, he studied law at nights. But Emil joined the Minneapolis drivers Cannon came to the next great turning cheerfully and capably. That is why he was on the way “up.” Farrell was chosen as spokesman for the finally he abandoned it. He could not find union back in 1928. That was before the point of his life. He had the opportunity selected year after year as an organizer The crash ended all that. Capitalism committee in negotiations which won a 12- the truth he sought in law books. great upsurge of American labor. The of reading Leon Trotsky’s Criticism of the and trustee of Local 544. utilizes talent only when it is profitable state uniform union contract for 250,000 Another road beckoned, the road of class Minneapolis unions were woefully weak, D raft Program of the Cl, which Trotsky While Emit is in prison because of his to the capitalists. So Farrell Went through over-the-road drivers, one of the outstand­ struggle. In 1908, he joined the Socialist ridden with bureaucracy, and the town was had sent from exile, and which Stalin had devotion to the working class and socialism, the usual depression routine of tall, hand­ ing labor achievements. Party in Kansas City. He adopted the life notoriously open shop. his comrades and fellow workers are, going suppressed from the Congress. some young fellows with attractive person­ In 1940, Farrell went to work for the of the migratory worker, traveling around, Emil plugged along, spreading the to miss him deeply, both as a lovable com­ Cannon was so impressed with Trotsky’s alities — he tried being an insurance sales­ party full-time. He was assigned the heavy getting what jobs he could, preaching the message of unionism through the bleak era panion and a stalwart battler for labor. program that he determined to fight for man, at which, he modestly claims, “I was responsibility of SWF National Labor Sec­ gospel of socialism. of Hooverism. And when the opportunity He has a loyal, hard-working wife and two it inside the Communist Party. not very efficient” — that is, his heart retary.. When Local 544 broke from the In 1911, he joined in the militant upsurge came, when the Minneapolis drivers began step-sons, both in the Army. Cannon returned to America with this wasn’t in it. Tobin bureaucracy in June 1941, one of the of the IWW. He met and woiked with the precious document. That is all he had To 'i'hus Farrell wound up, in 1933, as a coal unforgettable events of the famous meeting great figures of that dynamic movement — go by, but it was enough. When he at­ yard worker, long hours of heavy toil, wages where the vote was taken to join the CIO Vincent St. John, Frank Little, later murd­ tempted to have it discussed in the Central scarcely better than a relief allowance, was when Farrell stepped on the platform ered by a bosses lynch mob at Butte, Mont., Deprived of his means of livelihood, Gold­ Committee — just discussed — he was pushed around by petty bosses, fearful of amid tumultuous cheers and applause that Big Bill Haywood. man had to seek a new field of work. He brought up on charges of Trotskyism and ALBERT GOLDMAN being fired if some foreman didn’t like the welcomed him back, a militant, dynamic summarily expelled. determined to become a labor defense attor­ During this period, he participated activ­ Albert Goldman’s masterful conduct of way he parted his hair. leader fighting the battle through to the Then began the long, desperate struggle ney and devote himself to defending work­ ely in many of the historic IW W struggles, the defense in the Minneapolis trial made That is when he first began to realize bitter end. as organizer in the first 1913 Akron Rubber to buf d the genuine Bolshevik party in ing-class victims of capitalist "frameups and American labor defense history. what it means to be an unorganized work­ A few months before he went to prison, America. The history of that struggle, persecutions. He worked his way through Strike, in the Peoria Metal Workers and Arrayed against the 28 defendants were er. He saw insecurity poverty, misery Farrell became editor of The Militant. This against all the forces of Stalinist slander and the night law school at Northwestern Uni­ Duluth and Superior Ore Dock Strikes. In the ablest prosecutors of all about him. He wanted an answer to was no mean undertaking for a man who terrorism, against the petty-bourgecKs ele­ versity. Soon he became an outstanding the 1913 Peoria strike he received his first the Department of Just­ this vile order of things. The labor move­ but 10 years ago was a coal yard worker. ments who wanted to revise the Leninist labor defense attorney. indictment for “conspiracy.” Later, in ice, a hostile, reactionary ment gave him the beginning of that ans­ But he was worthy of this task; he was principles of the party, against the blows As attorney for the International Labor 1919, he was indicted by the federal gov­ judge, a venomous capital­ wer. He joined the union of coal yard schooled in the class struggle, developed in of the government and bosses, is an epic Defense in the late twenties and early thir­ ernment for his activities in the Kansas ist press and a hand-pick­ drivers and workers then in process of or­ knowledge and held a sure grasp on theory. contained in “The History of American ties, he defended hundreds of workers ar­ coal miners strike. ed jury of business-men ganization. He met men like Vincent He had come by it through steady applica­ Trotskyism,” the book completed by Can­ rested in strikes and demonstrations. In Cannon opposed the first world war, and Dunne and Carl Skoglund. He knew what tion and study. He had learned. He learns non just a couple of days before he left and farmers soaked with 1932, he was attacked by a vigilante mob he was going to do — build a union and from everything and everyone; from the following the tactics of the most serious for prison. prejudice against organ­ in Danville, 111., for defending several un­ fight like hell for the working class. opponents of the war, the fol'owers of The truth, that is what Cannon fought ized labor, particularly humblest worker to the most advanced employed woikars. By the time the great May and July 1931 Debs, he listed himself as a “conscientious for, and when other men faltered, gave “ Reds.” And Goldman, teachers of Marxism. With modesty and Goldman, however, was not just a labor drivers strikes occurred, Farrell was in the objector.” He was blacklisted, hounded, way to despair, succumbed to alien class for more than two decades devotion, he has consciously trained him­ defense attorney. First and foremost he thick of the struggle. He had served on ostracized, starved, along with his wife pressure and defeatist moods, he stuck firm an outstanding revolutionary socialist, was self to be fit for the greatest responsibility was a revolutionary Socialist, a Marxist. All the organization committee prior to the and child. to principle. And before he went to jail himself on trial, facing a sentence, if con­ in all history, to be a worthy leader of his activities, such as labor defense, were The Russian Revolution was a turning he could say that he had left behind a- victed, of up to 16 years. strikes. He was now elected a member of workers in the battle for socialism. subordinate to his chief task, the advance­ point of his whole life. genuine proletarian combat party, a Bolsh­ Poised and dignified, yet passionate and ment of the struggle for socialist emancipa­ Inspired by the victory of the Russian evik party. dynamic, Goldman annihilated the prosecu­ tion. He wrote and spoke continuously for proletariat, Cannon helped to organize the That is his magnificent historic achieve­ tion’s clumsy thrusts and frameup “evid­ the communist movement. Left-W ing Group in Kansas City, 1918. This ment. That is what the capitalist jailers ence.” Before the trial was over, the ac­ and his bosom pal, Emil Hansen, were fond­ group defended the Bolshevik Revolution, cannot take from him. That is his triumph. cused had become the accusers. When he witnessed the debacle of the CLARENCE HAMEL ly termed because of their size the “600 Stalinists in Germany and the rise of H it­ Twins,” a famous, hard-hitting grievance In this scholarly- looking, grey-haired If you want to know why it was that ler, he broke with the treacherous Stalinist team. man, with his dark, sensitive face, even the Local 544 was able to smash the open shop movement. In 1933, he joined the Trot­ prejudiced jury could sense an iron-clad in­ in Minneapolis and challenge the combined A fter many years’ service .as a steward Adams, Express. Discharged many times for skyists. tegrity, backed by courage, intellectual power of the Tobin bureaucracy, the bosses for the coal and grocery drivers, Clarence attempting to organize the drivers, he was The following year Goldman again VINCENT R. DUNNE brilliance and unshakable conviction in the and the local, state and in 1939 was selected as a business agent finaly blacklisted and driven from the in­ revolutionary socialist ideas he so ably de­ placed his great legal talents at the service for Local 544. The life of Vincent R. Dunne, one of the federal goverments, dustry during the anti-labor drive of the fended. of prosecuted workers. He defended N or­ great labor leaders to come out of the you'll find the answer in Like every great workers’ movement, the first World War. All Albert Goldman’s life had been prep­ man Mini in the famuos Sacramento “Crim­ Northwest, has been bound up with the ’ men like big, genial Clar­ rise of Local 544, which inspired the growth He then obtained work with a coal com­ aration for this magnificent defense. He inal Syndicalism” trial which grew out of American class struggle since the begin­ ence Hamel. of unionism through the entire northwest, pany, first as a yard laborer and then as a the struggle of the California agricultural ning of the century. grew up amid the poverty of the Chicago Clarence was born in attracted its share of f!ashes-in-the-pan, big truck driver, weighman and superintendent. workers. Son of a railroad con­ working class districts. He graduated 1909 in Hamel, Minn., a talkers, fellows who go along for the ride In 1931, when his efforts to organize the In 1937 Goldman achieved international struction worker, Vincent from the Chicago public? schools and town named after his when the weather is clear and the road coal drivers and laborers began to meet with renown as Leon Trotsky’s defense attorney was born in Kansas City, later from the University of Cincinnati. grandfather whp settled smooth. But not Clarence Hamel. He was success, he was summarily fired. The com­ before the Dewey Commission of Inquiry’s Kansas, in 1889. He spent In 1919, at the age of 22, he joined the there following the Civil at his fighting best when the going got pany gave as the reason the fact that he hearings in Mexico City. his ea;!,y years on his IWW, getting his first-hand lessons in the War. His schooling con­ toughest, when the storm of government spoke at pub'ic meetings warning the work­ Goldman has written a number of ex­ grandfather’s farm in class struggle when the post-war terror sisted of eight years af Notre Dame De persecution broke over the union, when it ers against the growing menace of Hitler­ central Minnesota where against unionists and radicals was at its cellent pamphlets, including the popular, Lourdes grade school and two years at Dun- took real guts, stamina and honest devo­ ism in Germany. his family lived while his height. A t this time he was working long “ What is Socialism?” His historic speech wood Trade School, Minneapolis. tion to working-class principles. father was employed in Then followed years of unemployment, hours as a tailor in Chicago’s sweat-shop for the Minneapolis defense, “In Defense During the- bleak days of the depression, Clarence lived with his wife, Sally, in a the construction camps. trying to maintain his wife and two children clothing factories. of Socialism” is also printed in pamphlet in 1933, Clarence joined the union of coal duplex apartment above his folks’ house. on starvation relief and government make- form. Next to the eldest son in a family of He joined the Communist Party in 1920 haulers, participating in the successful He is a lover of sports and outdoor life. work jobs. Still he worked untiringly to Now this brilliant fighter for the rights seven, he had to leave home at an ear y as a pioneer member, and soon became strike which paved the way for the later Six-feet three, 220 pounds of militant union­ "organize the truck drivers. And finally, in of labor, who has helped to save sp many age to seek work in the harvest fields, leader of the left-wing section of the Am­ organization of Local 544. In all the sub­ ism and socialist convictions, Clarence will 1934, along with his brothers Grant and mines and lumber camps of the west. This algamated Clothing Workers Union. He victims of capitalist persecution and frame- sequent great Minneapolis strikes, he was be shoving his weight around plenty against Mickey, Vincent became a leader of the was a period when a great wave of labor fought bitterly against the sell-out class up is in prison with his 17 comrades. The a tenacious and iron-hearted fighter. He the bosses when his prison term ends. historic drivers strike which broke the struggle swept the western states, giving collaborationist policies of Sidney Hillman. legal vultures in Illinois, the corporation strangle-hold of the open shoppers and the rise to the militant Western Federation of When .Hillman’s thugs failed to intimidate shysters, are moving to disbar him. But Citizens Alliance, and inspired the organiza­ Miners and the Industrial Workers of the Goldman, Hillman trumped up slanderous before the bar of workingclass opinion he tion of hundreds of thousands throughout 1936, he joined the General Drivers Union World. charges against him and expelled him from is honored as a great and courageous fight­ the northwest. the union. er for all who toil. JAKE COOPER Local 544. He soon proved himself as a Vincent participated in that bitter ear y In the years that followed, he continued fearless battler on the picket lines and in struggle as one of its most active spirits. to be what he always was—an organizer— When the fighting got toughest, when the the workers’ demonstrations. His presence In 1905 he joined the Western Federation this time for Local'i 544. The bosses and cops and deputies started roughing up the became anathema to the finks and scabs. of Miners, and later became a foundation picket line and the strikebreakers and scabs their press daily spat venom at the hated 544. As Chairman of Local 544’s Federal Twice he was jailed for his participation member of the IWW. started craW.ing through the gates, that’s “ Dunne boys.” Workers Section,, organized in 1936, he in union struggles. As an organizer for EDWARD PALMQUIST when embattled Minnea- Mis&oula, Spokane, Seattle, Fresno, San But the workers increasingly recognized played an outstanding role in helping to the Youth Section of Local 544’s Federal p o 1 i s unionists were Francisco—all the place-names then writ Vincent as a foremost leader, not by virtue Edward Palmquist is the son of a charter win thousands of jobs for the unemployed Workers Section he helped to organize and mighty glad to have Jake large on the pages of labor history—were of any formal titles or offices; but out of member of Minneapolis Carpenters Local 6, and one of the highest W PA and relief educate many young workers. Cooper around. the scenes of his early training in the class profound respect for his wisdom and ex­ and has worthily upheld his fam ily’s standards in the country. His fighting In 1941, he became a member of the Take a look at his face struggle. He learned to hate class oppres­ pel ience, his cool courage under fire, his militant labor tradition. leadership won him the confidence and Packing House Workers union, Swift Local — he didn’t get his cub­ sion with all his sou!',, and he has never complete trustworthiness and selflessness. respect of his feMow workers, who elected 167, South St, Paul, serving as a steward He was born in Min­ istic nose from cuddling ceased to wage war against it. Under avl the pressure aijd strain of his neapolis in 1897. He ob­ him as a representative of the organized aqd as delegate to the District PWOC up to union fakers and He participated in the strikes and historic' responsibilities, he revealed his finest unemployed to the State Emergency Re­ Conference. tained his schooling in the bureaucrats or kissing free-speech fights of the IW W in 1906-1908, qualities—an inexhaustible understanding Hennepin County gram­ lief Administration and WPA. From his early youth, Jake took his the' soft spots on the boss­ when IW W members chained themselves to of the rank and file workers, an infinite mar school and Hopkins In the July 1934 truckdrivers strike, Ed stand in the front lines of the battle for es. That’s part of his per­ lamp-posts and defended free speech by patience with them. He was never too busy High School. was one of the scores of union fighters socialism. He joined the Trotskyist youth manent badge of honor as a union militant publicly reciting the Declaration of Inde­ to talk to workers about their personal Ed has been a worker herded into a military concentration camp, organization in 1934. In 1940, he volunteer­ — the record he bears on his body of the pendence until they were beaten into un­ problems, to encourage and aid them. He all his life, and early the “local stockade.” He was sentenced in ed for the dangerous assignment of per­ many blows lie has received in the class consciousness. He served jail sentences in was attentive to their simplest as we'd as learned what it means to 1940 to eight months in Sandstone Peniten­ sonal body-guard to Leon Trotsky, and struggle. Seatt e and Los Angeles for street-speaking. greatest needs. That is why he is loved. toil for the parasitical tiary for his militant leadership during the stood guard at the hospital bed-side of the Jake, the youngest of the IS Minneapolis A fter serving in 1908 as a strike com­ What has made Vincent Dunne outstand­ bosses. He spent 15 years 1939 Minneapo’is W PA strike. great revolutionist until the moment of his prisoners, was born in 1916 in St. Paul, mittee member in a bitter strike of southern ing, given permanent worth to his achieve­ as a machinist in a steel plant, until the In addition to his Local 544 membership, death. Minn. His parents were poor, hard-working saw mill workers at Bogaloosa, Louisiana, ments, is hi^ political understanding. He bosses decided to toss him on the scrap Ed was an active member of the Hod When Jake returned to Minneapolis he immigrants from Czarist Russia. Vincent returned north to live with his never fought merely for crusts of bread, heap during the depression. Carriers union, served as a delegate to the •helped in the defense of Local 544-CIO parents in Minneapolis and to work as an but for a whole new workers’ world. But he didn’t take it lying down. He Minneapolis Central Labor Union and was A fter graduating during the depression from the attacks of Tobin and the govern­ express wagon driver. Until 1917 he drove He was a pioneer member of the Com­ plunged into the unemployed struggle for a delegate to a number of State Federation from the Chaska, Minn. High School, Jake ment. He was waylaid by a group of Tobin for the Northern Pacific Wells Fargo, munist Party. He was active in the fight to relief and jobs soon after the rise of Local of Labor conventions. finally found work as a truck driver. In goons and severely beaten. SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944 T H H MILITANT -FIVE Danbury J a il Gates Close On Three Trotskyism Grows STALINIST FINKS MAKE In Italy, Reports PLEA FOR STRIKE CURB The three of the 18 Minnea­ and our confidence in their work for the future . . . This is for us From Europe Say (Continued from page 1) Threats of strike must end,” the polis political prisoners pictured Minneapolis Workers Bid SWP a sort of preparatory school for Despite the rigid censorship im­ Stalinists editorialize, “as work­ he promised a price adjustment above, Karl Kuehn, Alfred Rus­ Danbury and we think we are get­ posed in Southern Italy by the A l­ ers point out, the profiteers are sell and Oscar Schoenfeld, were ting acclimated. Among those also Leaders Farewell At Banquet lied Military Government on the in the event of a wage increase; having a Roman holiday, stabili­ to the union a retroactive clause zation officials are unrealistic, taken into custody by the U. S. present here are a good number political activity of the Italian of Bundists and the further away (Continued from page 1) Harry DeBoer said: “They are and that the working class will workers and peasants some news containing the joker that any provocations are unbearable. But Marshal in New York City on sending us to jail for our ideas come to understand and to pre­ does trickle through to the out­ wage adjustment made would it is under just these conditions from them we can stay, the better Grace Carlson pointed out the sig­ Thursday, Dec. 31 and placed and opinions. I think this is the vent them.” side world. have to be “within the law.” What we like it. Also here are several nificance of the imprisonment of that the railroad union should best time and place for me to say The British Trotskyist paper, is the law? The Little Steel form­ in the House of Detention pend­ C.O.’s. the 18 people for their revolution­ Carlos Hudson, who was sched­ never have started a strike vote, that the time we spend in jail will the Socialist Appeal, quotes from ula! Roosevelt’s “within the law” ary-socialist ideas. “It might uled to appear at the banquet, because with this step they played not change our opinions as they seem, ” said Comrade Carlson, was absent because of illness. a despatch of the Berne corres­ wage adjustment offer wa3 inter­ into the hands of strike provoca­ did not change those of our great pondent to the Svenska Dayblarict preted by the Stalinists as con­ teurs.” (D. W. Dec. 29) “that in the midst of world-wide SPEECH OF DUNNE leader Leon Trotsky.” (Oct. 16, 19431 which states that, verting into sense the “nonsensi­ suffering and slaughter on a scale It is informative in this con­ V. R. Dunne was introduced as “according to interviews with that the world has never before Clarence Hamel and Ed Palm- nection to quote from the testi­ quist briefly gave thanks to all the main speaker of the evening. the representatives of the other seen, the fate of 18 people is rel­ mony of three of the “strike prov­ their friends and fellow-workers Pledging himself and the other political parties the Communist atively unimportant. But the 18 ocateurs,” Robertson, Fraser and for their solidarity and support. 17 to a continuation of the strug­ Party seems to have increased represent the future socialist so­ Cashen, the leaders of the three A similar sentiment was ex­ gle for socialist principles, Com­ greatly.” i ciety which will inevitably replace rail unions which rejected Roos­ pressed by Emil Hansen, who con­ rade Dunne pointed out that to­ The dispatch concludes with the the decadent capitalist system.” evelt’s arbitration offer. These cluded with these words: “I can day only the Trotskyists are revo­ statement that, “the Italian Com­ “The spirit in which we Trot­ three men have been consistent say this for all 18 defendants. lutionists and internationalists. munist leaders are followers of skyists have lived and worked,” supporters of the Roosevelt ad­ We go with our heads high and “Most of us who are going away Trotsky and are thus ideological­ she went on to say, “is one of ministration for ten years and with a clear conscience. to prison have been long-time ly opposed to the present (Stal­ absolute conviction that one day haven’t led a strike since Hector in the not too distant future the members of the revolutionary inist) regime in Russia.” This SPEECH OF GELDMAN was a pup'. In a circular letter workers of the world, many of movement,” he said, “and we are news re’ease is confirmed by a made public after Roosevelt had whom have been imprisoned and Max Goldman said: “This world especially proud to be the follow­ dispatch in the Evening Standard “If you write to our friends in demonstrated his “flexibility,” ing their transfer on Jan. 3 to have died for revolutionary ideas, is now not fit for human beings ers of one of the greatest work­ (¡Nov. 27, 1943) which' reports Minnesota, send our best regards when for the first time he directed the Federal Penitentiary at will replace this rotten system to live in and it is necessary to ing-class leaders the world has that the Communists who are and tell them that we are doing the army to take over an industry which breeds war and fascism build a new and better society. ever produced, L. D. Trotsky.” growing in influence in Italy are Danbury, Connecticut where very well and hope they are get­ — the railroads — before there with an international society of We are convicted of conspiracy, He emphasized the fact that if divided into Trotskyist and Stal­ they w ill serve their year and ting on as well.” cal wage formula” which is fa t­ was a strike, they said: “More the free and the equal.” even though we openly publish the program of Lenin and Trot­ inist groups. tening the bosses and starving a day sentences. our views, sell our papers and than 97r/o of our members voted Oscar Schoenfeld 41343 The toastmaster then intro­ sky, which has succeded in taking As late as 1931, three members the workers. The following letter was re­ pamphlets, hold public meetings, to strike because that was the duced each of the other defend­ power away from the capitalists of the Political Committee of the The Daily Worker of Dec. 28, ceived from Oscar Schoenfeld by P. S. The number after my name and try in these and all other only way they and their chosen ants who were present and called and landlords of Russia, had been Italian Communist Party, Blasco. lays the greater part of the res­ George Novack, Secretary of the is not my Social Security number. on them for a statement. possible ways to disseminate our representatives could secure con­ followed by working class leaders Feroci and Santini became Trot­ ponsibility of the labor crisis, “on Civil Rights Defense Committee: A1 Russell writes: “We are program. The real conspirators sideration for their extremely of other countries, there would skyists and it is known that in such of the President’s aides as “Karl, A1 and I send you our best all in the same cell block, with SPEECH OF COOPER in the world today are Roosevelt, reasonable wage requests. And not have been a. second world the Lipari island many of the Economic Stabilizer Fred M. Vin­ greetings. Once again we want Oscar and I sharing one of the “This is a real occasion and one Churchill, Stalin and the other the strike vote did produce res­ war. leaders of the Italian Communist son, W ar Mobilizer James F. to express our deep appreciation four 2-man ceils in the block. that I shall never forget,” de­ big-wigs who meet behind closed ults.” “ We are being railroaded to Party were supporting the intern­ Byrnes and .Chairman Davis of for the work done by our friends Regards to all.” clared Jake Cooper. “Look at the doors, and never tell the people jail,” said Comrade Dunne, “be­ ational communist policy of Trot­ the WLB. These men," says the Yes, the rail strike vote did friends we have here tonight, the what they discuss and decide. cause the American capitalist sky as against the national "com­ Daily Worker, “view' the law as produce results! Roosevelt was dinner we have had here tonight, “There will be other trials and rulers want to demoralize and munism” of Stalin. Most .of these a rigid mechanism.” While prais­ forced to make concessions to the the way it has been served. This then these culprits will be put on revolutionists are now out of jail. GAETANO SALVEMINI ON ITALY terrorize workers who will come ing Roosevel t’s “flexibility” and rail workers just as he had previ­ is my idea of the way people trial. I hope to work with the to believe as we do now, that damning the rigidity of his aides ously been compelled to make should live. Fighting humanity majority of the people and with only the program of Lenin and T resca Memorial the Daily Worker also insists that concessions to the coal miners. In can march forward and the peo­ my comrades against this real On December 6 the Badoglio few hundred Italian dead to en­ Trotsky will lead them out of this this the “Big Boss” displays the ple can have the best of all things conspiracy.” On the occasion of the first-an­ “labor itself bears considerable regime threw the first unit of hance the prestige of the royal “flexibility” of all bosses who are that this world has to offer. When The veteran Carl Skoglund pre­ blind maze of capitalist anarchy.” niversary of the assassination of responsibility,” because, “thereare Italian soldiers against the Nazis. house.” prone to lose their “rigid” con­ we come back we aim to fight dicted that “although the work­ A generous collection was given Carlo Tresca — famous strike- too many cases when spokesmen Most of them were massacred in ceptions when the workers use, or The so-called “Italian war of for this very thing. This is the ers may delay doing away with by the audience in response to leader. anarchist and editor — a for the workers allow’ themselves this suicidal assault. Gaetano sometimes when they even liberation” is being fought under kind of a world I want to fight capitalism for one, two, three or the toastmaster’s appeal for aid memorial meeting will be held at to be trapped into blaming the Salvemini comments on this en­ threaten to use, the strike weapon. a King and an ex-fascist Marshal for.” fifty years, in the end a socialist- for the families of the prisoners. the Rand School of Social Science, President for situations that are gagement in the New Republic who are rubber stamps for the Oscar Coover said: “Since the form of society must be establish­ Telegraphed greetings from the 7 East 15th St., New York, on entirely the work of the Presi­ The real provocateurs in the (Dec. 27): “The commanding gen­ Anglo-American powers. "Until rejection by the Supreme Court ed. If the workers do not estab­ Detroit, Chicago and New York Tuesday Jan. 11, at 8 P. M. dent’s opponents.” And numbered labor movement are the spineless eral who chose to make the froll­ September 8, 1943, the Italians of the right of our people to have lish a socialist society within a branches of the Socialist Workers Speakers will be Prof. Felice Gua- high among the President’s op­ Stalinist jellyfish whose flexibil­ ini attack was surely both incom­ had to fight against the Allies for a review of the constitutionality comparatively short time this Party were read. A telegram of dagni of the Italian Labor Educa­ ponents are Vinson, Byrnes and ity is a chronic bureaucratic de­ petent and brutal. But as Bad- Hitler and Mussolini,” writes Sal­ of the Smith Law, I have found country and the whole world will solidarity from James P. Cannon tion Bureau and H. R. Cantine, Davis; men who were appointed formity. Every time a group of jglio in one of his recent inter­ vemini (The Nation, Jan. 1). “Now very few people who have not felt be ruled by fascism. I can guar­ was also read as well as one from editor of Retort.. by, carry out the orders of, and workers are compelled to fight for views told us, Mussolini attacked they have to fight against the Ger­ that our party was going for­ antee you that we are not the last George Novack, Secretary of the The meeting will end promptly owe their jobs to — Roosevelt! their rights against the bosses France in June, 1940, because he mans for the King and Badoglio. ward. Eighteen of our party lead­ ones that will go to prison for Civil Rights Defense Committee. at 9:45, the hour of Tresca’s The Daily Worker does not only and their agents in the govern­ needed a few thousand dead in ment, the Stalinists frantically They will never, it seems, be per­ ers are going away but I am con­ their political opinions. Many of The banquet closed with the death, with a mass scattering of present an “analysis;” it also order to get a seat at the im­ fident tonight that when we come the best thinkers in the past have singing of The Internationale. red carnations on the sidewalk of hurls ultimatums: “Strikes must wave the bloody shirt. Inside the mitted by the Allies to fight for pending peace conference. In De­ back our party will be a better gone but I hope that such sacrifi­ Following the banquet a social 15th St. and Fifth Ave., where end immediately. Even talk of labor movement they have ach­ cember, 1943, Badoglio needed a an Italy belonging to themselves." one than it is now.” ces will be reduced to a minimum hour was held he fell. strike, is dangerous. True. . . ieved top rank as strikebreakers. Framed SWP Leaders Begin Prison Sentences ■' (Continued from page 1) the’ first place. “You see where a child in a strict Catholic family >tion will be as little able to con­ handshake— men taking off alfew Socialist Workers Party at 2:30, whole Trotskyist movement can as the defendants neared. In the it got you to come to Minneapolis she had been taught to regard a fine within a strait-jacket the minutes from their jobs where in formation like soldiers of the take pride in Grace as she march­ canyon-like street, split by sun feudal economy; in his maturity and open your mouth?” Socialist uncle as beyond the coming socialist revolution by they could, under one excuse or proletariat, a crowd quickly form­ ed resolutely toward prison. The and shade, the great blocks of he is pursued by a capitalism in * # * pale. But he had given her books locking its leading advocates be­ another, just to give the defend­ ed. The fifteen halted for a mo­ only woman demanded as a vie-*' granite, grimey from years of its death agony. about Eugene Debs when she was hind bars. The masses oj people ants morai encouragement. For ment—a last minute check to see tim by the Roosevelt regime, she smoke and dirt, rose like an As Carl told these things to me, THURSDAY AT nine or ten years old, and she throughout the world, surging ir­ the Minneapolis comrades are still that all was in order, for they faces 16 months alone. upthrust of primeval rock. All he interrupted himself constantly HEADQUARTERS had read them. Now tenderly resistibly forward to the pro­ the leaders of the labor move­ intended to go two by two in Carlos Hudson and Max Geld­ the ignorance, superstition and saying goodbye to her, proud of gram of socialism, cannot be halt­ ment there even though they no cruelty of tens upon tens of to point where the 1934 strikers Thursday revolved about the order of their length of service in man came in the next rank. the fight she was making in the ed by anything within the arsenal longer formally stand at its head. thousands of years seemed to had their headquarters, how they Minneapolis branch headquarters the ranks of the working class Hudson distinguished himself as have been embodied ' by the had a picket line here, how the of the Socialist Workers Party. tradition of Debs, he had re­ of these parasites clinging to an A1 Goldman worked on a press vanguard. When Trotskyists do a champion of labor when he architect in his design. Here in employers had trembled there From morning until evening minded her of that fact, “I never something, they do it right. Then edited the Northwest Organizer stone was the terrible lag of the across the • street in their ex­ friends and well-wishers milled thought then your reading those forward down Marquette Avenue —Tobin and Roosevelt decided clusive club. in and out to give their last books would come to this.” Press Release Made on Behalf of the IB from Ninth Street to Third. that he must pay the penalty. human mind, particularly when “I am of the working class,” he Jake Cooper told about the as­ it is ossified in the ruling class; greetings and expressions of HISTORIC MARCH Geldman, who has already served said, “and that class I ’m going to solidarity to the defendants. As sault on Leon Trotsky’s house in Issued December 31 by Albert Goldman one imprisonment for strike ac­ the lag which resists blindly and stick with. I ’m going to fight the on all such occasions memories May 1940. How Sta’in’s assassins Although our enemies, represented by Roosevet, Stalin Friends and well-wishers met tivity, must now serve another. ferociously the next step in class that’s trying to cut us were jogged. H arry DeBoer and riddled L. D.’s and Natalia’s bed­ and Tobin are happy at the thought that we shall be'behind them as they marched. “ Good­ progress and demands on its room with machine gun slugs. LABOR ORGANIZERS altar the blood and lives of mil­ down.” Emil Hansen, apparently en­ bars, they should know that our trial and conviction have bye,” one could hear again and Justice has not yet Caught up lions of the oppressed. grossed in a pinochle game, not done our cause any harm. again. “Good ^luck.” The senti­ Behind them marched Harry JIM CANNON sprinkled their conversation with with Siqueiros, the Stalinist ment of the advanced workers of Hundreds of thousands of people who, before the trial, DeBoer and Emil Hansen, union ATMOSPHERE OF DECAY During the hours that followed reference to the many activities leader of that assault. He is free Minneapolis was expressed I be­ never heard of the Socialist Workers Party and what it organizers who fought labor’s at the hotel I saw a side of Jim of the Teamsters Union, the to work on fresh jobs for the lieve by the truck driver who said The fifteen marched into the stands for are now aware of our existence and know our ideas. fight with both hands from the Cannon that was completely new strikes, picket lines, negotiations, CPU. But Jake Cooper who tried to Skoglund shortly before the day they became conscious of the gloomy maw of that monument Because of the prosecution we have gained the support to me. In New York he is a the dangers they had encountered to defend the Old Man and his march began: “You’ve still got necessity to organize against the of capitalism, disappearing two of thousands of people. We are of course not (happy that we by two inside. Down the long cosmopolitan, a politician of the and the victories that had been wife is being sent to prison. i lots of friends, Carl. We won’t bosses. working class dealing in world won. Oscar Coover, watching their are going to jail but we are happy that in the process of forget you.” corridors of the basement they * * * Then Clarence Hamel and Ed problems. The capitols of the war­ cards, chipped into the conversa­ putting us in jail our enemies have succeeded in spreading marched. Already the atmosphere Felix Morrow and Albert Gold­ Jim Cannon and Vincent Dunne Palmquist, two other fighting or­ ring powers seem to lie directly tion with this or that correction our ideas. seemed to wash over them, that man arrived. Circles of people led the way, the two men who ganizers of Teamsters Local 544 before his eyes as he calculates as to fact, sucking on his pipe History proves that prisons and force have never have represented the main stream atmosphere of sterile, hopeless the diplomatic moves, the and reminding them of characters eddied about them, saying “hello who could not concpive of destroyed progressive ideas. We go to jaiJ confident that of revolutionary socialism in the stultification and decay which is maneuvers, the next probable in the labor movement. I told the and goodbye”. knuckling under to the employers so characteristic of these institu­ our socialist ideas will ultimately be adopted by the masses United States for more than three or a reactionary international stage of development in the in­ comrades about Mexico; what * * * decades. Bulbs flashed as press tions of oppression and whidh ternational class struggle. Now respect Trotsky had for Emil who have to suffer under a dying capitalism. We shall come union bureaucrat. photographers crouched at vant­ hard tile and glazed marble only as his old friends and comrades- when he was a guard there. out of prison ready to continue the struggle on behalf of Last, Jake Cooper, the youth LAST SUPPER age points in the march with heighten. The bulbs of the press in-arms came in to greet him, and the working masses. who went down to Mexico to do Max Geldman, the father of a Vincent Dunne took Jim and a their cameras — the capitalist photographers still flashed in the bid him welcome-r-even though it everything he could to help guard baby boy born Christmas morn­ small group for the last supper press too is interested in the way faces of these working class be welcome to prison— he seemed Trotsky and Natalia from Stalin’s ing, spent little time being a before going to prison. We sat victims of the class struggle act leaders as the camera men the small town boy reporting hack outmoded past. Ideas cannot be release; Felix Morrow greeted assassins. Trotsky loved Jake for proud father. He was busy in a private room. The beams at such painful and dramatic mo­ climbed on stools, crouched low to the family how things are in describing the experiences of his imprisoned or slaughtered. people. Jim took a few small his devotion and his willingness. to find “interesting” angles. the metropolis. Here was his past overhead, the copies of rich Re­ ments. But the faces of these two He would have embraced him previous incarceration in Sand­ items out of his valise and wrap­ At the elevator they halted for cropping up in a new form. These naissance paintings on the walls, REVOLUTIONARY TITANS veteran leaders expressed nothing again if he could see how Jake stone for union activity, prepar­ ped them in a handkerchief to the last time. An elevator in a men all know Rosedale, Kansas gave that supper an unforgettable As I listened to these native in that march which could com­ marched. ing his comrades for the things take to the county jail — tooth dungeon seems an anachronism, although they may never have tone. American socialists, I could not brush, etc. fort the class enemy. They were they could expect. They crossed the street to as if all the technique of modem been there. Jim speaks their lan­ Vincent ordered wine—it seem­ help but conclude: When the his­ living embodiments of the saying Karl Kuehn, Oscar Schoenfeld, “Looks like you’re hitting the walk in the sun. As they strode industry, that could build a guage as they want it spoken. ed appropriate on this occasion, tory of our country is written by of Spinosa which Trotsky loved and A1 Russell, the three sent to road, Jim” someone said. past a bank they made a re­ marvelous society of freedom, Jim is the home town boy who and poured a g\ass for Grace to quote: “Neither to laugh nor Danbury, were present in spirit. future historians, they will not “Yes; made up my mind to get markable picture. That imposing went out to champion their his­ Carlson at his side. to weep; but understand.” were subverted soiely to the'task Again and again their names look for material in the library out of here . . . I ’ve been many a structure, representing all the toric interests. What he accom­ of making more solid and im­ came up in reminiscences of the They began talking about Trot­ at Hyde Park where Roosevelt time on the road with a bundle OLD WARRIORS accumulated wealth and power of plishes they also accomplish. They pregnable the most savage insti­ roles they played in the great skyism. “Our movement is his­ employs a staff to file away no bigger than that.” the capitalist society they have held him up when the going was Behind Cannon and Dunne tutions of the ancient Pharaohs. drive to organize the Teamsters toric,” said Dunne. “Take our minutiae about himself. They will challenged, stood coldly and tough, sent him support and en­ A photographer sent down by marched Carl Skoglund and Union into one of the most power­ press for instance. The first vol­ dig paintfully into scattered me­ forbidingly over them. But they The last man entered the the press, found his memory stir­ Oscar Coover, those fine old war­ couragement; -he is their am­ ful in the nation. ume of The Militant is a collec­ moirs, accidental bits written in did not look at all like trapped elevator and so ended the his­ red about the great struggles in riors of socialism whose lives will bassador in the court of world tor’s item, worth I don’t know the heat of struggle, items pre­ slaves. The sun high-lighted toric march. In my mind I could politics. Butte, Montana where Frank earn them immortality in the FARRELL DOBBS how much. Compare it with other served in the files of Trotskyist their hats, their shoulders, touch­ hear the voice of Trotsky, that Little was murdered. He related hearts of the American working Farrell Dobbs, who had come radical publications. Who cares publications, to find out what the ed their swinging hands. In dark rich resonant voice welling up MINNEAPOLIS WIT some of the incidents of those class. up a few days earlier to be with about the first volumes of The real titans of American history overcoats they seemed in uniform. ■from memory. I thought to And so, because w it is a handy days; how his own father was the youngest of his three Cali for example. Or take the were like. Then Albert Goldman, who has They looked like a contingent of myself: I f Trotsky could be here material with which to build a something of a socialist for a daughters, talked hour after Workers Age, which at one time Then Jim told about Rose at spent a lifetime speaking out a powerful conquering army. In now to see how the leadership fence around such intimate while. “Everyone was something hour with Ed Palmquist, Clar­ seemed imposing. Who cares the farewell banquet in New against reaction and injustice in truth that is precisely what they of our party conducted itself friendships, wit encircled Jim. I of a socialist then.” ence Hamel and the others. about that? Our movement was York. “She gave a magnificent the courts, a Trotskyist lawyetf were, coming down the streets of under persecution, he would have think that is why Jim is so ap­ Goldman explained how the “They are men,” he told me as real because it foF/owed the long- speech . . . ‘No moping,’ she said. willing to stake far more than Minneapolis, the advance con­ said: “Good; very good.” preciative of Minneapolis humor power of the socialist movement we sat in the headquarters. range historical perspective.” She spoke for all the women. career and comfort in defense of tingent of the army that will —it is the humor of western can suddenly expand: “When the “Every inch of them.” The conversation brought the How proud I was of Rose. That socialism. Beside him strode eventually destroy all the evil America concentrated on him for revolution comes, hundreds of Farrell Dobbs was a name to whole globe into that room—the was a beautiful speech Rose Farrell Dobbs, who came up out power represented by the bank the good of his soul. The deadly thousands and millions of people conjure with in the drive to or­ fear of all the mighty rulers with­ made... Thé most beautiful thing of the great 1934 Minneapolis in the background. Buy THE MILITANT seriousness of the present situa­ will appear who previously had strikes like a flame seeking its tion discharged some of its ganize the Teamsters. He could out exception before the power I ’ve heard in a long time. She some connection with socialism.” way toward the final destruction MARCH TO JAIL in energy in wit. Anything for a have readied a high place in of socialist ideas. What was the stood up like a Spartan woman. Tension mounted as' the hour of this whole archaic capitalist SOUTH JAMAICA, N. Y. laueh, they say in Minneapolis. the cird'e surrounding Tobin. Teheran conference of the “Big I was very proud of her.” A t the Federal Court they were drew near. Jim set 2:30 as the system of hunger, misery and The Minneapolis comrades un­ Yet he spurned that career since Three” but an unholy conspiracy met by deputies of the U. S. from * * * time to leave. bloodshed. doubtedly would have felt bitter it would have meant supporting against the awakening revolution Marshal. Again a crowd of the For a few minutes he sat, drain­ H. L. ROBERTSON disappointment if their leader the Roosevelt regime and the in Europe? Who were the ghosts Next Felix Morrow arid Grace curious gathered while the LAST DAY ing this last hour of freedom to were forced to serve his term in imperialist war. He instead who walked the halls there but Carlson. Morrow, editor of formalities were completed. Then 108-49 New York Blvd. the last. Then he arose to lead a separate prison; they covered chose to fight for socialism. That the ghosts of Lenin and Trotsky? On the last Day, December 31, Fourth Internationa), whose writ­ began the short march to the the way. M. O’GORMAN up their appreciation of his is why Tobin and Roosevelt de­ Reaction could not assassinate the defendants gathered in the ings burn the bourgeoisie like a County Jail. 110-59 New York Blvd. presence by ribbing him for ever cided to railroad him to prison. the ideas of Trotsky by sinking headquarters. A constant stream When they came out of the lash. And Grace, former candi­ This grim building loomed having come to Minneapolis in Grace Carlson described how as a pickaxe into his brain. Reac- of workers came in for a final Minneapolis branch offices of the date for Minnesota Senator. The ever higher and more repellent SIX — THE MILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 8, 1944

problems can be solved only if labor adopts a broad and basic viewpoint encompassing the entire national economic and political scene. The first THE MILITANT essential step in the direction of a sound solution Trade Union Notes Published in the interests of the is that labor break completely and unequivocally Working People with the capitalist parties and all their agents. By Marvel Scholl American labor must enter the road toward VOL. V III—No. 2 Saturday, January 8, 1944 which leading Michigan unionists today are point­ According to the latest report of the Bureau of Published Weekly by ing. That is the road of independent working Labor Statistics, “prices of staple items which families buy in retail markets rose about 3 in THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASS’N class political action. 1943.” at 116 University Place, New York 8, N. Y. Only an independent labor party w ill be able The columns are open to the opinions of the readers of The Militant. Letters The real purpose of this astonishing announcement, to elaborate and effectively advance a program to are welcome on any subject of interest to the workers, but keep them short and include your Telephone: ALgonquin 4-8647 made by Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins on nationalize the basic industries as the railroads, name and address. Indicate if you do not want your name printed. — Editor. FARRELL DOBBS, Editor Jan. 1, is to smear in advance the report of the the steel mills, the coal mines under workers’ con­ seized the opportunity to get a summons for passing a red W ar Labor Board Committee which is studying the T H E M IL IT A N T follows the policy of permit­ trol, wipe out the blood-drenched war profiteering, The Post Office cheap help. light. validity of the cost of living index, branded as phony ting its contributors to present their own views black markets and price gouging, and guarantee And Army Help There is no objection to soldiers Miss Nina Smith, 163 Lefferts by the labor movement. The N. Y. Times, which working in the post office if they In signed articles. These views therefore do not security wages based on adequate decency, comfort Editor: Ave., Brooklyn, who was a student always toots the horn for Big Business, took up the received postal clerks’ pay, but necessarily represent the policies of T H E M IL I­ arid health standards. It was much publicized in the operator, being instructed by Mr. cry immediately that “Secretary Perkins is authority there is objection to their being TA N T which are expressed in its editorials. newspapers during’ the Christmas Allen at the time of the incident, for the statement that the American cost of living Such a program will light a flame of enthusiasm used as coolie labor. rush in the Post Office that the said on the witness stand that the in the w'orking class. It will signal a halt to labor’s Carl Ford rose only so “why must more time be wasted? Subscriptions: $2.00 per year; $1.00 for 6 months. army was being used to help the officers had been trying to tail continued retreat before the onslaught of reaction. P. S. Practically identical let­ Are we to be afflicted with another political report Foreign: $3.00 per year, $1.50 for 6 months. Bun­ post offices get out the mail due the trolley from an automobile, ters such as these were sent to designed to appease certain labor groups?" dle orders: 3 cents per copy in the United States; It w ill inspire a new forward march in the battle to the shortage of available man­ so one of them could board it for 4 cents per copy in all foreign countries. Single the capitalist newspapers and to Perkins “authority” notwithstanding, every house­ for labor’s just rights and conditions. power. The authority to use the his personal convenience. She copies: 6 cents. date not one word has appeared. wife knows that this report is a phony, for every soldiers was given by the Post­ pointed out Sgt. Breenmeyer in court, as the officer who entered housewife knows that prices have gone up anywhere Application for entry as second-class master-General and the W ar De­ the trolley- when it came to a stop from 50 to 100% in the last year. matter is pending. partment. Apparently many post The heads of two railway unions have challenged Cops Abuse and said to Allen: “Do you know The Perkins statistics say nothing at all about the statement of William Green, A FL president, that, offices availed themselves of the “cheap labor.” I know that New Negro Motorman you passed two red lights, you quality deterioration, that has taken such a slice out “there never was the faintest possibility of an actual To defend the USSR as York Ctiy, Brooklyn, Los Angeles Editor: g— d— dopey b— d, where the of the workers’ living standards. The Perkins statistics walkout on the nation’s railroads.” Green had rushed and Newark, N. J. called in the Testimony in Magistrate Court, hell do you think you’re goin’ ?” deal only with official OPA figures, which are always the main fortress of the Allen, under the impression the into print with this statement after an “anonymous” soldiers. Coney Island, on Dec. 23, revealed considerably lower than prices actually paid. The men were civilians on a binge, at­ world proletariat, against attack by “high official sources” on the rail and steel The soldiers received their reg­ that Negro trolley operator Paul Perkins statistics disregard completely the Black tempted to answer but was cut all assaults of world im­ workers accusing them of prolonging the war by ular army pay plus $1.20 per T. Allen, who lives with his wife Market. and five children, at 109-46, 167th short with a blow in the eye strikes and threats of strike. day for meals. The facts about Perhaps if Madam Perkins did a little shopping perialism and of internal St., Jamaica, was repeatedly from the officer, and a remark: David B. Robertson, president of the Brotherhood the shortage of manpower are: herself, on a shoestring, the way American house­ counter-revolution, is the 1. That the soldiers were called beaten by a civilian and two pol­ “You’re nothing but a bum. of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen, and Harry wives have to shop, she’d get a real eye-opener as to ice apparently on a binge, while You’re one of LaGuardia’s chil­ most important duty of F. Fraser, president of the Order of Railroad Conduc­ in despite the fact that there were he was operating his trolley De­ dren. W e’re cops.” what the actual rise in the cost of living has been tors, contended that their unions were not parties to waiting lists of several thousands every class-conscious of (civilians eagerly anticipating cember 6th, at Brighton Beach Indignation is running high in the past year. the no strike pledge of the A FL and CIO and that * * V the opportunity of making extra Ave. and 4th St., Brooklyn. among the trolley and bus oper­ worker. while “they wished it were possible for all labor or­ Christmas money. 2. A month be­ The officers who were off duty ators of the entire B.M.T. system — LEON TROTSKY ganizations to settle their claims without resort to fore Christmas there were signs and not in uniform subsequently and action is demanded against In an article in the January 1944 issue of his strikes in wartime” strike action has only been post­ in the postmaster’s office stating lodged a complaint of third deg­ the offending officers. personal organ, the International Teamster, Roose­ poned while the railroads remain in control of the that no more help for Christmas ree assault against the trolley op­ The B.M.T. Surface Operators’ velt’s labor valet Daniel J. Tobin carries forward his JOIN US IN FIGHTING FOR: government. was needed. erator after he refused to “for­ Club, P. O. Box No. 12, Station 1, rabid campaign of persecution against the 18 Min­ This clearly shows up the get” the mussin' up. A fter being New York, N. Y., which is handl­ neapolis prisoners and Kelly Postal. Frothing at the 1. M ilitary training of workers, financed fraud that there was a shortage held in a cell for two hours, one ing the case, requests contribu- mouth Tobin savagely attacks and vilifies three of by the government, but under control of help. The post office just of the officers served Allen with ' tions to help fight this case. the national organizations which have come to thè of the trade unions. Special officers* defense of the people he helped to frameup and training camps, financed by the gov­ Stalin And Poland imprison. In the style of the lowest gutter sheet his ernment but controlled by the trade penman lies, falsifies and slandefs. Rail And Steel Disputes Show Roger Baldwin, director of the American Civil unions, to train workers to become The mere anticipation of the entry of the Red Armies into the border states haS previously pro­ Liberties Union, says Tobin’s sheet, defends Kelly o ffic e rs . Postal not because an honest union leader was voked grave crises in the relations between the Roosevelt Swing To Reaction victimized for his loyalty to union democracy, but 2. Trade union wages for all workers USSR and the Anglo-American allies. Now a new “hold the line” against millions because of “the natural sympathy of an ex-convict drafted into the army. and greater crisis develops as the victorious Red (Continued from page 1) of principles for the general wel­ of workers advancing.against the fare., Then, after the political for a convict.” Full equality for Negroes in the armed Armies are poised on the old Polish border. not kidding themselves about the ramparts of the Little Steel for­ conventions, we can decide what Tobin, that peerless “democract” who imposed his S. seriousness o£ the present labor Even though the leaders of the “ United Nations” mula, by his technique oi cunning, action to take regarding the two dictatorship upon Local 544, has the gall to accuse forces and the war industries— Down crisis. The hysterical tone of the have just concluded a copper-riveted agreement deceit and threats. parties and the individual cand­ the Workers Defense League of “promoting dictator­ kept press underlines their ner­ with Jim Crowism everywhere. The whole mongrel pack is bay­ idates, whether for state or na­ ship” because that organization defends the right and beat the drums about their concord at Teheran, vousness and apprehension. Their ing for a regime of “blood and tional offices, or for the presi­ 4 . Confiscation of all war profits. Expro­ the Red Arm y victories again expose the deep and general belief is that Roosevelt’s of free speech and free press for socialists. A t the iron.” This ominous clamour dency.’’ same time he accuses “The Trotskyites of attempting priation of all war industries and their irreconcilable antagonism which divides the Soviet policy of deceit has run its course rises to a shrill crescendo as the and that more direct and forceful to destroy the American labor movement in Min­ operation under workers’ control. Union and the imperialist powers. time approaches for the reaction­ NO LABOR PARTY measures are now required to nesota” which they were foremost in building and The capitalist press openly expresses its alarm. ary congress to reconvene. They In order that there be no mis­ 5. A rising scale of wages to meet the keep labor “in its place.” are howling for still more rep­ take about what Murray, Hillman protecting from the bosses and their agents like What are they’afraid of? If no more was involved Tobin. ris in g coBt o f liv in g . POWDER MAGAZINE ressive legislation against the la­ and Company intend to do, Mur­ in the successful Red Arm y offensive than the bor movement. ray insists: “This is not a ‘Labor Because the Fellowship of Reconciliation courage­ 6. Workers Defense Guards against vig­ temporary strengthening of another state power, The powder magazine is Party’ ot a ‘Third Party.* There ously defends, the rights of Japanese-Americans Roosevelt and Churchill could manage to reconcile charged with an explosive ten­ LABOR’S P ER IL is no present intention to form thrown into concentration camps, Tobin depicts them ilante and fascist attacks. sion which is growing more Labor finds itself in this peril­ such a party.” We wonder if the as “Jap sympathizers.” And Tobin who has assailed themselves to the inevitable and arrive at a com­ threatening all the time. The 7. An Independent Labor Party based on ous position without one single thought ever occurred to that gi­ A. Phillip Randolph, head of the March-On-Washing- promise agreement regarding territorial limits, three recalcitrant rail chiefs did the Trade Unions. authentic representative in con­ gantic intellect about what the on Movement, for fighting against Jim Crow, in­ spheres of influence, etc. But the conflict between not call off the strike, they merely gress who can be counted on to “CIO Political Action Committee” timates that the Civil Liberties Union and The Work­ 8. A Workers’ and Farmers’ Govern­ Stalin and his capitalist allies arises out of the postponed it for the period in raise his voice against the reac­ will do in the event the “two which the government retained ers Defense League aim “to promote bloody racial class opposition between Soviet and capitalist prop­ tionary mob. In this situation, major parties” reject his “specific m e n t. .control, pending final sett ement of the labor bureaucrats continue to and religious conflicts inside the friendly framework erty relations. set of principles for the general 9. The defense of the Soviet Union the wage dispute. The showdown emulate the ostrich by burying welfare?” With the pronounced of democracy.” Anglo-American Big Business and its representa­ with the steel workers has only their heads in the sands of the Tobin concludes by “welcoming the ‘severe blow* against im perialist attack. swing toward reaction by both tives remember what happened when the Red A r­ been temporarily postponed. The false and long discredited “reward major parties, with a reactionary dealt this revolutionary movement by the supreme mies marched into Eastern Poland in 1939: how International Executive Board of your friends and punish your en­ congress hell bent on destroying court. We trust the next blow will prove fatal.” the United Automobile Workers the poor peasants drove out the landlords and no­ emies” policy. In an article pub­ the American trade union move­ What next blow? Are Tobin and Roosevelt prepar­ representing more 1,000,000 work­ lished in the February issue of bles and seized the land; how the workers took ment, the Murrays and Hillmans ing new frameups? ers in the strategic war-converted The American, magazine, Philip offer the workers the choice be­ * * * New Labor Crisis control of industry; how the ruling caste, the bank­ automobile and aircraft industries Murray proves that he has acted tween the upper and nether mill­ meets in Chicago on January 7, ers, industrialists, landed proprietors fled in terror Charlie McCarthy for the political stone! With that kind of a Labor, official publication of the railway unions The crisis in rail and steel coming on the heels to press their wage demands parties of capitalism so long that before the approaching Soviet forces. They also “choice” the labor movement will writes in its current issue: “ If the administration of the mine strikes, is evidence of labor’s growing against General Motors, Fdrd and he is organically ineapab:e of know what is going on in Yugoslavia where the be ground to bits. What is needed is going to insist on the little steel formula . . . while dissatisfaction with Roosevelt’s war regime. Chrysler. Aluminum workers, playing any other role. In out­ insurgent workers and peasants, inspired by the is a decisive break with both prices keep soaring and profits break records, then Since the leaders of the rail and steel unions texti’.e workers and other impor­ lining the aims of the “CIO Poli­ ideas of the October 1917 revolution and the heroic tant sections of the labor move­ tical Action Committee” he says: capitalist parties! The way out a blowup is in the cards.” have been notorious captives of the w'ar machine ment are likewise demanding “We shall (then), before the na­ stand of the Red Armies, have been fighting against of the swamp of political com­ * * » and consistent lackeys of Roosevelt, the conduct of wage increases. tional conventions of the two ma­ the nazis, monarchists, landlords and capitalists pany unionism for the American their membership shows even more clearly than The kept press makes clear that jor parties, hold a national meet­ for their own Workers and Peasants Republic. Working Class is to launch its Hearings opened in Detroit on Jan. 3 before a did the miners’ actions that the rank and file .of influential sections of the Amer­ ing or conference of our own. What Washington and W all Street dread is the ican capitalist class have lost con­ own political party with its own special fact-finding panel on the demand of the labor is ready to march on a new road. We shall draw up and present to impetus inevitably imparted by the Red Army ad­ fidence in Roosevelt’s ability to the American people a specific set labor program. United Automobile Workers Union for a 10 cent an Under these circumstances, it is nothing short of vances to these revolutionary moods and move­ hour increase for its 250,000 members in General criminal that the union bureaucracy compels the Motors. ments of the masses and to an overturn in political working class to expend such tremendous reserves * * * and property relations. Nothing less is at stake of energy for such miserly gains and short-lived than the fate of capitalism. Senator Wallgren, a member of the Truman com­ objectives. International Notes mittee urged last week that the conversion of Liberty That is why the papers have hoisted alarm sig­ Even the m ilitant miners had to strike four times nals. The N. Y. Times warns Roosevelt editorially ships to troop transports be halted immediately. In England and the United influential British people to see “Structural faults have already caused five Liberty to win small wage increases. The steel workers un­ on Dec. 30 that, unless “ there is a settlement in Otto Kuusinen head of its pro­ States the buildup for an Allied the dynasty in Japan remain in jected “Finnish Workers and ships to crack in half,” the Senator said. In addition doubtedly w ill have to wage a bitter and determ­ detail of the Polish-Russian problem before the ined struggle to win even meagre gains. After more deal with Hirohito gains momen­ power.” Peasants Republic” in 1939, so to faulty construction, the Liberty ships are too swiftly moving Russian armies cross the old bor­ * * * Stalin is evidently grooming slow to make safe troop transports. than 16 months of tortuous negotiations, strike tum. Taking his cue from recent der into pre-war Poland” . . . "there are Republi­ Evidence accumulates that there George Dim itroff, ex-Secy. of the Liberty ships have a maximum speed of 10Vi knots votes and strike threats, the rail workers look for­ State Department declarations, ex- can politicians who.may find it profitable for pure­ exists a vast difference between buried Comintern, for a similar per hour. That is too slow to outrun a submarine. Ambassador to Japan Joseph C. ward only to very modest wage increases. ly partisan reasons, to champion the cause of Po­ the reactidnary top Stalinist lead­ high post in Bulgaria. The Seamen’s unions have pointed out this fact Grew described Emperor Hirohito More ominous still is the fu ll picture of labor’s land against Russia in the next election." Wm. ers of the partisan movements A t the Reichstag Trial anniver­ many times, and called attention to the tremendous situation. The Big Business masters who rule this in a speech at Chicago on Dec. and the revolutionary aims and sary meeting held in Carnegie number of merchant seamen who have as a result Philip Simms in the N. Y. World-Telegram (Jan 4) Hall, Louis Adamic, president of 29 as a man who opposed war aspirations of the rank and file been drowned at sea. But the lives of the merchant country now have made it clear that they do not banner bearer of the Scripps-Howard chain, cries workers and peasants. A N. Y. the United Committee of South with the United States and Great seamen apparently are cheap. intend to permit Roosevelt to continue yielding out; "W hat happens when the Red Arm y crosses Times cable from Cairo on Jan. 1 Slavic Americans linked Dimitroff Britain and suggested that post­ Liberty ships could be equipped with faster motors. such grudging concessions as labor pressure pre­ into Poland w ill have epochal importance. . . w ill reports: “Most of those from with Tito, the Yugoslav Partisan war Japan might be run by a leader. t They could be built to withstand the pounding of the viously compelled him to grant. The ruling class make or mar the chances of a lasting peace.” Greece who have been fighting “peace-loving ruler not controlled with guerrilla bands say that Dim itroff has himself issued a sea. But that would mean less profit for both the ship underlined its real objective when it pushed for­ Simms also points out that neither Washington builders and the ship owners, and profit is what they by the military.” Grew declared confusion caused by German prop­ sharp manifesto against Bulg­ ward no less a person than Gen. Marshall, Amer­ nor London is now in any position to "get tough” aganda is so great that many re­ are interested in. Better construction would mean that the phase of Shinto, the na­ aria’s present rulers, printed in ican Chief of Staff, as its mouthpiece in attempt­ with Moscow. That is another reason why the capi­ fuse to believe that Russia has spending more money on material and labor. Faster tional Japanese cult, which in­ the Daily Worker of Dec. 30. He ing to incite a veritable lynch spirit in the nation talists are grinding their teeth in chagrin. announced her own divorce from motors would mean that the ships which survive the volves emperor-worship, “can be­ the Comintern and changed the stated in this, declaration that and armed forces against organized labor. The renewed tension over the Polish question war would be too costly to operate for profit after come an asset, not a liability.” Internationale’s words. There is “last March the government cam­ This anti-labor incitation, particularly of the demonstrates the insuperable character of the anta­ the war. So seamen die, cargo is lost and ships crack Although cautioning Grew a continued be’ief that Sovietism paigned against the guerrillas in half. The profits however, keep pouring in. soldier ranks, is a sinister prelude to the Big Busi­ gonism between the Allied imperialists and the against over-enthusiasm about the today is as it was before and as with more than 20,000 soldiers, ness conspiracy aimed at beating down, strangling aims and aspirations of the European workers and cult of the God-Emperor, the it was in 1917. Hence it has fol­ * * * and exterminating the labor movement. Roosevelt’s peasants, including the Soviet peoples. This anta­ N .Y. Times editors on Jan. 2 lowers, particularly in the north­ officers, artillery and aircraft. The ern industrial regions, where, in­ demonstrative concurrence in Gen. Marshall’s la­ gonism will prove more decisive in the final ana­ agreed “with Mr. Grew that a fight lasted throughout summer On December 14 and 15 the membership of the campaign against the Japanese cidentally, Bulgarian influence is CIO United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers bor-hating statement, proves how far he has already lysis for the fate of the Soviet Union than any and autumn but failed to produce Emperor would not serve any use­ said to be reasonably strong.” Local 425 (Ford Instrument, N. Y .) ousted its old, Once these fighting workers tile results expected by the gov­ retreated before the ruling capitalist oligarchy, and understandings arrived at by Stalin with Roosevelt ful purpose at this time.” Stalinist-controlled executive board and put in office and peasants, inspired by the ernment. gives warning that he is prepared to retreat even and Churchill. The revolutionary impulses ani­ PM correspondent Fred. Kuh an entire new slate, pledged to fight the wage freeze, cabled from London on Dec. 25 ideas and traditions of the Oc­ “Taking up arms, Bulgarian more precipitately in the future. mating the European masses are breaking through the incentive pay plan of the Ford Instrument Com­ that “most British authorities ap­ tober Revolution, learn the truth all barriers erected against them and w ill eventual­ patriots armed numerous guer­ pany and to build a strong shop steward system. If the workers continue to submit to the servile pear to favor the continued rule about Stalinism, they will draw ly accumulate explosive power enough to blow to rilla detachments operating in the The Stalinists, in their effort to maintain the status policies of the Murrays and Greens, they, w ill not of the present Japanese dynasty.” the necessary conclusions. They quo within this local, attacked U AW Brewster Local only lose the present uneven race between prices bits the counter-revolutionary schemes of Roose­ The British tories fear com­ will find out through their own mountains of Central Southern 36f and its officers, taking the same position as the and w'ages, but in the end. w ill lose all the gains velt, Churchill and Stalin. munism and even an unstable re­ experience that Sovietism “as it Bulgaria. These detachments are public in defeated Japan, accord­ reactionary House Naval Affairs Committee. They wrested from capitalism in 50 years of labor strug­ was in 1917” is propagated today already several thousand strong ing to Kuh. “A communist rev­ only by the Trotskyists. came out for incentive pay and made a concerted gle. olution in Japan is regarded by and their ranks are growing attack on the present negotiating committee which Labor’s fundamental problems cannot be solved It Is Time to Build An Independent British experts as a possibility. * * * despite the terror of Bulgarian had been elected previously on a program of fighting by fighting merely for dribs and drabs. These Labor Party This spectre fortifies the wish of Just as the Kremlin appointed ruling circles and Gestapo agents.” the wage freeze and opposing incentive pay plans.