Periodical Cicada, 17-Year Locusts
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ancient Roaches Further Exemplify 'No Land Return' in Aquatic Insects
Gondwana Research 68 (2019) 22–33 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Gondwana Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gr Ancient roaches further exemplify ‘no land return’ in aquatic insects Peter Vršanský a,b,c,d,1, Hemen Sendi e,⁎,1, Danil Aristov d,f,1, Günter Bechly g,PatrickMüllerh, Sieghard Ellenberger i, Dany Azar j,k, Kyoichiro Ueda l, Peter Barna c,ThierryGarciam a Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia b Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, Research Center for Quantum Information, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 84511, Slovakia c Earth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, P.O. BOX 106, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia d Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 123, 117868 Moscow, Russia e Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava 84215, Slovakia f Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets 162600, Russia g Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany h Friedhofstraße 9, 66894 Käshofen, Germany i Bodelschwinghstraße 13, 34119 Kassel, Germany j State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China k Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Fanar, Natural Sciences Department, PO Box 26110217, Fanar - Matn, Lebanon l Kitakyushu Museum, Japan m River Bigal Conservation Project, Avenida Rafael Andrade y clotario Vargas, 220450 Loreto, Orellana, Ecuador article info abstract Article history: Among insects, 236 families in 18 of 44 orders independently invaded water. We report living amphibiotic cock- Received 13 July 2018 roaches from tropical streams of UNESCO BR Sumaco, Ecuador. -
Summer Concert Series: Nature's Symphony
Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org ribbit chirp chirp Seasonal Sightings Environmental Adventures The buzzzz Whether it’s chirping chipmunks, singing birds, or calling katydids, Sounds of one thing is for sure—sounds will abound this summer in Conservation Summer Concert Series: District sites. It’s easy to experience the chorus. Just head to one of our Summer 32 sites and venture out onto the trails. Try the activities below, and Nature’s Symphony listen to as many nature sounds as you can this summer. by Kim Compton, Education Program Coordinator Broadwinged katydid The beauty of nature is well Can you make these animal sounds? documented – with scenic vistas, photographs, and paintings; but Snowy tree cricket Run your finger down the teeth Clemson University–USDA Cooperative Extension have you ever really stopped Slide Series, Bugwood.org of a comb to make a sound like a chorus frog call. to listen to nature? A veritable symphony of sounds greets us every time we venture out into the great Rub two pieces of sandpaper outdoors. Summertime is an especially musical time. together to make a sound American tree sparrow like a grasshopper calling. Bob Williams Bob Birds can have harsh down or speeds up based on calls, sweet songs, and everything in between. Visit the the temperature. This means wetlands to hear the ever-present “conk-a-reeeee” call of we can try to approximate the the red-winged blackbird. You may also be rewarded with a evening temperature by listening suddenly loud and resonating cry of a nesting sandhill crane to cricket chirps! The Farmer’s MAKE A SOUND MAP! or the almost-maniacal whinny of the seldom seen sora rail. -
A New Pupillarial Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in Coastal New South Wales, Australia
Zootaxa 4117 (1): 085–100 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4117.1.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5C240849-6842-44B0-AD9F-DFB25038B675 A new pupillarial scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in coastal New South Wales, Australia PENNY J. GULLAN1,3 & DOUGLAS J. WILLIAMS2 1Division of Evolution, Ecology & Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia 2The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences (Entomology), London SW7 5BD, UK 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new scale insect, Aolacoccus angophorae gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Eriococcidae), is described from the bark of Ango- phora (Myrtaceae) growing in the Sydney area of New South Wales, Australia. These insects do not produce honeydew, are not ant-tended and probably feed on cortical parenchyma. The adult female is pupillarial as it is retained within the cuticle of the penultimate (second) instar. The crawlers (mobile first-instar nymphs) emerge via a flap or operculum at the posterior end of the abdomen of the second-instar exuviae. The adult and second-instar females, second-instar male and first-instar nymph, as well as salient features of the apterous adult male, are described and illustrated. The adult female of this new taxon has some morphological similarities to females of the non-pupillarial palm scale Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell (Phoenicococcidae), the pupillarial palm scales (Halimococcidae) and some pupillarial genera of armoured scales (Diaspididae), but is related to other Australian Myrtaceae-feeding eriococcids. -
Body-Enlarging Effect of Royal Jelly in a Non-Holometabolous Insect Species, Gryllus Bimaculatus
© 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Biology Open (2016) 5, 770-776 doi:10.1242/bio.019190 RESEARCH ARTICLE Body-enlarging effect of royal jelly in a non-holometabolous insect species, Gryllus bimaculatus Atsushi Miyashita, Hayato Kizaki, Kazuhisa Sekimizu and Chikara Kaito* ABSTRACT (Conlon and Raff, 1999; Otto, 2007). These studies have provided Honeybee royal jelly is reported to have body-enlarging effects in significant insight into the principles of size regulation of living holometabolous insects such as the honeybee, fly and silkmoth, but organisms, although recent concerns over genetically modified its effect in non-holometabolous insect species has not yet been organisms have led researchers to evaluate other types of strategies examined. The present study confirmed the body-enlarging effect in to enlarge animals for industrial purposes. silkmoths fed an artificial diet instead of mulberry leaves used in the As a non-genetic size manipulation, oral ingestion of royal jelly previous literature. Administration of honeybee royal jelly to silkmoth by larvae of the honeybee, Apis mellifera, a holometabolous from early larval stage increased the size of female pupae and hymenopteran insect, induces queen differentiation, leading to adult moths, but not larvae (at the late larval stage) or male pupae. enlarged bodies. Royal jelly contains 12-15% protein, 10-16% We further examined the body-enlarging effect of royal jelly in a sugar, 3-6% lipids (percentages are wet-weight basis), vitamins, non-holometabolous species, the two-spotted cricket Gryllus salts, and free amino acids (Buttstedt et al., 2014). Royal jelly bimaculatus, which belongs to the evolutionarily primitive group contains proteins, named major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), which Polyneoptera. -
Life Cycle of a Dragonfly, and Will Be Broken Down Into Sections Based on the Chronological Life Stages of This Insect
The Dragonfly Life Cycle Explained A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE COMMON DRAGONFLY Kimberly Malcom | Pennsylvania State University, ENGL 202C: Technical Writing | 2016 Cover Photo: Mitchell, Forrest L and Lasswell, James L., A Dazzle of Dragonflies [Online Image]. Retrieved October 31, 2016 from http://www.audubon.org/magazine/july-august-2012/chasing-dragonflies-and-damselflies Audience and Purpose This document will explain the life cycle of a dragonfly, and will be broken down into sections based on the chronological life stages of this insect. Each section will be further broken down to include a photograph of the stage being discussed, and an explanation of what each stage entails. This document was prepared for the general public, and is meant to be a basic informational description of the life process of the common dragonfly for anyone with a curiosity to learn more about these unique insects. Introduction The dragonfly is a large, colorful, predatory insect generally found in or near watery locations in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. There are more than 5,000 known species of dragonflies, and fossil evidence suggests that they’ve been on the earth for many years. They have long, thin, colorful bodies, six legs, large eyes, and two pairs of transparent wings that allow them to propel themselves up, down, forward, backward and side to side Fotolia_1704510_xs [Online Image]. Retrieved October 31, 2016 from http://labs.blogs.com/its_alive_in_the_lab/2009/04/why-dragonfly.html while in flight. They are proficient fliers, and tend to only catch prey and eat while flying. -
17 Year Periodical Cicada - Magicicada Cassini and Magicicada Septendecim
Problem: 17 Year Periodical Cicada - Magicicada cassini and Magicicada septendecim Hosts: Over 270 species of plants serve as hosts though the most preferred plants include maple, hickory, hawthorn, apple, peach, cherry, and pear. Pine and spruce trees are not damaged. Description: Periodical cicadas show up every 17 years in Kansas with 2015 being the last year of emergence. The year of emergence varies with location. For example, a brood of periodical cicadas emerged in 2013 in Maryland, Virginia, and portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia and North Carolina. Since our last year of emergence was 2015, our next will be 2032. However, there are always some cicadas that emerge 4 years early. Therefore, we will see a partial emergence in 2028. The bodies of periodical cicadas are basically black but the basal portions of the wing veins are distinctly orange and the eyes are reddish/orangish. No other species of cicada in Kansas fits this description. Cicadas do not sting or bite. Life History: In May and June of the year of emergence, matured nymphs will emerge from the ground and climb onto trees, bushes and other upright structures. After securing a good foothold, a split will form at the head end of each nymph, and the adult will emerge. Female cicadas will use their ovipositors to insert eggs beneath the bark of twigs and branches on a wide variety of trees and shrubs. Eggs will hatch in seven to eight weeks, and the nymphs will drop to the ground, burrowing as deep as 24 inches into the ground until they find suitable roots upon which to feed. -
Periodical Cicadas SP 341 3/21 21-0190 Programs in Agriculture and Natural Resources, 4-H Youth Development, Family and Consumer Sciences, and Resource Development
SP 341 Periodical Cicadas Frank A. Hale, Professor Originally developed by Harry Williams, former Professor Emeritus and Jaime Yanes Jr., former Assistant Professor Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology The periodical cicada, Magicicada species, has the broods have been described by scientists and are longest developmental period of any insect in North designated by Roman numerals. There are three 13-year America. There is probably no insect that attracts as cicada broods (XIX, XXII and XXIII) and 12 17-year much attention in eastern North America as does the cicada broods (I-X, XIII, and XIV). Also, there are three periodical cicada. Their sudden springtime emergence, distinct species of 17-year cicadas (M. septendecim, filling the air with their high-pitched, shrill-sounding M. cassini, and M. septendecula) and three species of songs, excites much curiosity. 13-year cicadas (M. tredecim, M. tredecassini, and M. tredecula). Two races of the periodical cicada exist. One race has a life cycle of 13 years and is common in the southeastern In Tennessee, Brood XIX of the 13-year cicada had a United States. The other race has a life cycle of 17 years spectacular emergence in 2011 (Map 1). In 2004 and and is generally more northern in distribution. Due 2021, Brood X of the 17-year cicada primarily emerged to Tennessee’s location, both the 13-year and 17-year in East Tennessee (Map 2). Brood X has the largest cicadas occur in the state. emergence of individuals for the 17-year cicada in the United States. Brood XXIII of the 13-year cicada last Although periodical cicadas have a 13- or 17-year cycle, emerged in West Tennessee in 2015 (Map 3). -
Insect Life Cycle a Reading A–Z Level L Leveled Book Word Count: 607
Insect Life Cycle A Reading A–Z Level L Leveled Book Word Count: 607 Written by Chuck Garofano Visit www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. Photo Credits: Front cover, back cover, pages 3, 4, 7, 13, 15 (top): © Brand X Pictures; title page, page 11: © Kenneth Keifer/123RF; page 5: © Eric Isselée/ Dreamstime.com; page 6: © Mike Abbey/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; page 8: © Richard Williams/123RF; page 9: © Oxford Scientific/Peter Arnold; page 10: © Anthony Bannister/Gallo Images/Corbis; page 12: © Dennis Johnson; Papillo/Corbis; page 14: © 123RF; page 15 (bottom): © ArtToday Written by Chuck Garofano Insect Life Cycle Level L Leveled Book Correlation © Learning A–Z LEVEL L Written by Chuck Garofano Fountas & Pinnell K All rights reserved. Reading Recovery 18 www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com DRA 20 Table of Contents Flower beetle Introduction ................ 4 What Are Insects? ............ 6 Egg ....................... 8 Larva ......................10 Pupa ..................... 12 Ladybug Tropical ant Adult ..................... 13 Introduction Nymph . 14 When you were born, your body Index...................... 16 was shaped a lot like it is now. It was smaller, of course, but you had a head, legs, arms, and a torso. When you grow up, your body shape will be about the same. But some baby animals look nothing like the adults they will become. Insect Life Cycle • Level L 3 4 These animals have a different kind What Are Insects? of life cycle. A life cycle is the series There are more than 800,000 of changes an animal goes through different kinds of insects. -
C Cockroach Biology and Management
E-359 5/12 Cockroach Biology and Management Wizzie Brown, Michael Merchant, and Roger E. Gold* ockroaches are among the most common American, oriental, and smokybrown cockroaches insect pests in homes, schools, and busi- live mostly outdoors but may move indoors in C nesses. They like to eat many of the same search of food or water. Cockroaches also infest foods we do and are especially troublesome wher- homes when brought in with groceries or boxes, ever food is prepared or served. They also may and, once established, can readily move within transfer disease-causing organisms. structures such as from apartment to apartment. Fortunately, cockroaches can be controlled American cockroaches, also known as water- with a little knowledge about their biology and bugs or palmetto bugs, are more common in com- behavior, attention to sanitation, and effective use mercial buildings and are one of the most common of commercially available insecticides. cockroaches in sewer systems. The largest cock- roach in Texas, it can grow 1½ to 2 inches long. Identifying cockroaches Both the adult male and the female can fly. Adults are reddish brown (Fig. 1a), with tan to Cockroaches have flattened bodies and heads light-yellow bands outlining the pronotum. Young that, when viewed from above, are concealed by a nymphs are grayish brown, but after the first few plate-like structure called a pronotum. They move molts, they become more reddish brown (Fig. 1b). surprisingly fast with their elongated, spiny legs. Their long, thin antennae help them find food and feel their way in the dark (which is when they are a b most active). -
Twig to Root: Egg-Nest Density and Underground Nymph Distribution in a Periodical Cicada (Hemiptera: Magicicada Septendecim (L.))
Entomologica Americana 116(1/2):73–77, 2010 TWIG TO ROOT: EGG-NEST DENSITY AND UNDERGROUND NYMPH DISTRIBUTION IN A PERIODICAL CICADA (HEMIPTERA: MAGICICADA SEPTENDECIM (L.)) 1 ADRIANNE SMITS ,JOHN COOLEY AND ERICA WESTERMAN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven CT 06520 Abstract.—The egg-laying behavior of female insects could directly benefit the mother, her offspring, or a combination of both. Periodical cicada (Magicicada septendecim (L.)) females oviposit in twigs in the forest canopy, and newly hatched nymphs fall to the ground, where they spend 17 years feeding on tree roots. If nymph dispersal from their mother’s oviposition site is limited, then female oviposition site selection could influence offspring fitness and survival. Here, we show that there is no correlation between egg-nest density in the forest canopy and nymph density directly below. Although the extent of nymph post-hatching dispersal remains unknown, our findings cast doubt on direct benefits to offspring as an explanation for female oviposition site choice. Key words: Egg-laying behavior, post-hatching dispersal, oviposition site choice. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND already containing cicadas (Simon et al., 1981), either because they are all making the same site-choice Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) exhibit decisions, or because they are actively aggregating. some of the most extreme life histories of any Explanations for these behaviors include direct insect, with large populations of adults appearing benefits to females over their lifetime of reproduction only once every 13 or 17 years. Mating occurs (e.g., high sunlight levels are advantageous for within dense, noisy choruses, and after mating, ovipositing female cicadas, or high adult densities female Magicicada cut shallow, v-shaped egg-nests reduce predation risk), or direct benefits to offspring in twigs of 3–11 cm diameter and insert up to thirty in a given oviposition site (e.g., trees with more access eggs in each (White, 1980). -
The Evolutionary Relationships of 17-Year and 13-Year Cicadas, and Three New Species (Hornoptera, Cicadidae, Magicicada)
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, NO. 121 The Evolutionary Relationships of 17-Year and 13-Year Cicadas, and Three New Species (Hornoptera, Cicadidae, Magicicada) BY KlCHAKD D. ALEXANDEK AND THOMAS E. MOORE ANN ARBOR MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN JULY 24, 1962 MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN The publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, consist of two series-the Occasional Papers and the Miscellaneous Publications. Both series were founded by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradsliaw H. Swales, and Dr. W. W. Newcomb. The Occasional Papers, publication d which was begun in 1913, serve as a medium for original studies based principally upon the collections in the Museum. They are issued separately. When a sufficient number of pages has been printed to make a volume. a title page, table of contents, and an index are supplied to libraries and indi- viduals on the mailing list for the series. The Miscellaneous Publications, which include papers on field and museum tech- niques, monographic studies, and other contributions not within the scope of the Occasional Papers, are published separately. It is not intended that they be grouped into volumes. Each number has a title page and, when necessary, a table of contents. A complete list of publications on Birds, Fishes, Insects, Mammals, Mollusks, and Reptiles and Amphibians is available. Address inquiries to the Director, Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. No. 1. Directions for collecting and preserving specimens of dragonflies for museum purposes. By E. B. WILLIAMSON.(1916) 15 pp., 3 figs. .......... $0.25 No. -
The Effects of a Periodic Cicada Emergence on Forest Birds and the Ecology of Cerulean Warblers at Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, Indiana
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2006 The Effects of a Periodic Cicada Emergence on Forest Birds and the Ecology of Cerulean Warblers at Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, Indiana Dustin W. Varble University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Varble, Dustin W., "The Effects of a Periodic Cicada Emergence on Forest Birds and the Ecology of Cerulean Warblers at Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, Indiana. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2006. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4519 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Dustin W. Varble entitled "The Effects of a Periodic Cicada Emergence on Forest Birds and the Ecology of Cerulean Warblers at Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, Indiana." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Wildlife and Fisheries Science. David A. Buehler, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Frank Van Manen, Roger Tankersley Jr. Joseph R. Robb Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R.