development & resource management division 2600 fresno treet fresno, california 93721 www.fresno.gov

ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY FOR FOR HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY FOR HISTORIC-ERA ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL RESIDENTIALTERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGYRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGSFOR FORBUILDINGS HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA IN INFRESNO FRESNO ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGYRESIDENTIAL FOR HISTORIC-ERA BUILDINGS IN FRESNO RESIDENTIALRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS BUILDINGS IN INFRESNO FRESNO RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN FRESNO

DEVELOPMENT & RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT HISTORIC PRESERVATION DIVISION 2600 FRESNO STREET FRESNO, CALIFORNIA 93721 HISTORICHISTORIC PRESERVATION PRESERVATION | CITY | CITYOF FRESNO OF FRESNO HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITY OF FRESNO WWW.FRESNO.GOV HISTORICHISTORIC PRESERVATION PRESERVATION | CITY | CITYOF FRESNO OF FRESNO HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITY OF FRESNO SPINDLEWOrK (fig. 18) REFERENCES TABLE OF FIGURES decorative circular wood pieces, ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY FOR FOR HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA turned on a lathe, and used RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS// IN FRESNO cyril m. harris, dictionary of RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN FRESNO particularly on porches on queen FIGURE 1 FIGURE 8 FIGURE 14 anne style residences. architecture and construction. ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY FOR FOR HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA bay window on ywca (julia morgan) belcast hipped roof with solid porch decorative brick quoins and dentil work new york mcgraw hill 2000 RESIDENTIALRESIDENTIALbalustrade BUILDINGS lowellBUILDINGSdistrict IN IN FRESNO FRESNO STraPWOrK (fig. 16) : - , . ( ) on the rehorn home FIGUREthe 2 thefollowing followinglist listincludes includesarchitectural architecturalterms termsthat thatmay maynot notbe inbethe in the decorative wood pieces on the FIGURE 9 Fig. 16 decorative brackets (h.h. brix mansion) FIGURE 15 exterior of a home that mimic virginia and lee mcallester, a field generalgenerallexicon lexiconbuilding. buildingkneematerials materialsbrace detailand andonterms the terms j.rsuch. turner suchas garageas garageporch, porch, thethe following following. list list includes includes architectural architectural terms terms that that may may not casementnot be inbe the in ,window the with, multiple lights; the structural framing found in guide to american houses new FIGURE 3 residence (tower district) . general lexiconshuttersshuttersbuildingetc, materialsetcare., arenotand nottermsincluded includedsuch as garage. notice alsoporch the exposed rafter tails northern european architecture general lexicon . building. , materials ., and terms such as . garage , porch, , , . york alfred a knopf 2002 corinthian style captials on the columns : . , . shuttersshuttersFIGURE etc10, etcare., arenot notincluded included. popularly used in the tudor revival of the security pacific bank building , ., . FIGURE 16 upright and wing style home with cross and even craftsman styles. (fulton mall) // a cantilevered second story with gabled roofs//, boxed cornice, and plain john c. poppeliers and s. allen // // decorative strapwork on tudor STUccO frieze (virginia city, montana) ? FIGURE 4 (wilson island hd) chambers jr., what style is it text and photographs an exterior finish composed of texttext andtextand photographs andphotographs photographs a colonnade on a spanish revival home FIGURE 11 a guide to american architecture. karana hattersley-drayton m.a. portland cement, lime, and sand. (huntingtion blvd.) karanakaranakarana hattersley hattersley hattersley--draytondrayton-drayton m .ma..a .m.a. FIGURE 17 historicribbonpreservation window projectwith fixedmanager picture citywindowsof fresno, new jersey: john wiley & sons, historichistoricpreservation preservation projectproject manager manager, city, of cityfresno of fresnoelaborate front door with sidelights historic preservation leaded glassproject transom manager above, flankedcity, of byfresno Fig. 17 T - Z FIGURE 5 h h brix mansion 2003. two double-hung sash windows ( . . ) fig dormer window lowell district designdesign / layout / layout TraNSOM WINDOW ( . 11) ( ) (huntington blvd.) aramiarami designmatevosyan matevosyan / layout, intern, intern a window above another window or design / layout FIGURE 18 FIGURE 6 universityuniversityarami ofmatevosyan california of california, berkeley, internberkeley door that is usually operable and aramiFIGURE matevosyan 12 , intern, spindlework detail on queen anne home hinged. cartouche on the façade of the gustavuniversity universityporte ofcochere california of california in the, berkeley wilson, berkeley island (lowell district) and edith manheim home (1919) historic district, with rare “carriage VENEEr (wilson island historic district) doors” leading into home DevelopmentDevelopment and andResource Resource ManagementManagement Department Department an outside wall surface that is FIGURE 7 FIGURE 13 decorative and durable but which DevelopmentDevelopment and andResource Resource french doors and balconet elaborate portico on the bernhauer home is not load bearing, as in a brick JANUARY 2014 ManagementManagement Department Department JANUARY(huntington blvd2014.) (huntington blvd.) Fig. 18 veneer. 6 6 7 JANUARYJANUARY 2014 2014 fig BULKhEaD COVER PHOTOGRAPHS M - O PIcTUrE WINDOW ( . 11) APOrTIcO (fig. 13) rIBBON WINDOW (fig. 11) (from the left): MULLIONS a large, fixed window that is often ARCUATEDa covered entrance (arch) whose roof is architecturala horizontal band element of at which least forms three set between two smaller, operable the base for a door’s sidelight. a vertical member separating and asupported curved structure by a series usually of columns made ofor windows separated only by mullions. windows. wedge shaped stones (voussoirs) the bekins-mcclatchy home often supporting windows, doors piers, commonly placed at the front rIDGEC 1926 #282 or panels set in a series as in ribbon PIEr whichentrance spans of an a buildingopening.. caNTILEVErED (fig. 16) ( , hp , huntington blvd.) , the highest point in a sloped roof. windows. the term is often confused a solid masonry support, often BQ projecting horizontally beyond the with muntins which are the framing square or rectangular in plan. BALCONET (fig. 7) wall or its vertical support; as in samuel pudlin home S Fig. 1 Fig. 10 pieces around window panes. QUOINS (fig. 14) balconies on monterey revival style Fig. 13 (1937,franklin and kump jr. architects, PILaSTEr a pseudo-balcony; a low ornamental ShED rOOF often decorative, these are wood, homes or windows on some tudors. n. van ness avenue) railing to a window. a roof, often used on a porch or MUNTINS a shallow flattened, rectangular stone, or bricks set at the external caPITaLSauxiliary building (fig. 3), which has one a secondary framing member to hold column or pier attached to a wall BaLUSTraDEcorners of a building (fig. 8)’s wall. the flora montague bungalow court and often modeled on an order theplane topmost. structural member of a panes of glass within a window or . a decorative railing system which (1922, hp#281, downtown) glazed door. R column, often decorative. PITch (rOOF) includes a top rail, balusters, and SIDELIGhTS (fig. 17) raFTEr TaILS (fig. 15) one normally describes the degree usually a bottom rail. carTOUchEa framed area (offig .glass 6) that does the nevins adobe P rafters are an inclined structural of slant of a roof as low, medium or annot ornamental open, often tablet set often vertically inscribed on 1920-1947 ParaPET BAYmembers from the ridge of the roof ( ; fig garden) steeply pitched. oreach decorated side of a door and. framed with a low wall at the edge of a roof. adown regularly to the repeated eaves spatialwhich elementsupport. elaborate, scroll-like carving. Fig. 2 Fig. 11 PLaN the roofing material. when the ends SLIDErS Fig. 14 PEDESTaL BaY WINDOW (fig. 1) a drawing which shows the interior protrude over the edge of the caSEMENTmetal or vinyl WINDOWS windows which (fig. open15) a window that protrudes from a a support for a column, as seen spaces of a building, usually to scale. wall , as is common in the craftsman avertically window which rather swings than horizontally open along ; frequently on craftsman style walltradition. , these are called rafter thecommon entire on length homes, usuallyin the 1970 on hingess on. homes. POrTE cOchErEh. h(.fig brix. 12) mansion tails fixed to the sides of the opening BracKETS. (fig. 2) . (1911, edward t. foulkes, ahp covered#089, national carriage register or automobileproperty) SLEEPING POrch PEDIMENT often used as decorative elements at characTEr-DEFINING FEaTUrE entrance which is attached to the rIBBON DrIVEWaY until the invention of air conditioning, the cornice line of a home in general an architectural element which a triangular gable above or over side of the home, seen frequently in commonly found in older; neighbor - screened rooms, open to the night refers to any element which projects a door or window, as often seen homes built in the 1920s and before; hoods , the driveway consists of two definesbreezes the, were style commonlyor particular used look in in classically inspired styles of more architecturally distinguished frompoured a wall strips to supportof concrete (literally with or a offresno a building for andsleeping without during which thethe Fig. 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITYFig. OF12 FRESNObuilding. than the later “carport.” figurateivelygrassy median) a inweight between. . buildingsummer monthswould loseand even its integrityin the winter. . Fig. 15 5 4 15 fig BULKhEaD COVER PHOTOGRAPHS M - O PIcTUrE WINDOW ( . 11) APOrTIcO (fig. 13) rIBBON WINDOW (fig. 11) (from the left): MULLIONS a large, fixed window that is often ARCUATEDa covered entrance (arch) whose roof is architecturala horizontal band element of at which least forms three set between two smaller, operable the base for a door’s sidelight. a vertical member separating and asupported curved structure by a series usually of columns made ofor windows separated only by mullions. windows. wedge shaped stones (voussoirs) the bekins-mcclatchy home often supporting windows, doors piers, commonly placed at the front rIDGEC 1926 #282 or panels set in a series as in ribbon PIEr whichentrance spans of an a buildingopening.. caNTILEVErED (fig. 16) ( , hp , huntington blvd.) , the highest point in a sloped roof. windows. the term is often confused a solid masonry support, often BQ projecting horizontally beyond the with muntins which are the framing square or rectangular in plan. BALCONET (fig. 7) wall or its vertical support; as in samuel pudlin home S Fig. 1 Fig. 10 pieces around window panes. QUOINS (fig. 14) balconies on monterey revival style Fig. 13 (1937,franklin and kump jr. architects, PILaSTEr a pseudo-balcony; a low ornamental ShED rOOF often decorative, these are wood, homes or windows on some tudors. n. van ness avenue) railing to a window. a roof, often used on a porch or MUNTINS a shallow flattened, rectangular stone, or bricks set at the external caPITaLSauxiliary building (fig. 3), which has one a secondary framing member to hold column or pier attached to a wall BaLUSTraDEcorners of a building (fig. 8)’s wall. the flora montague bungalow court and often modeled on an order theplane topmost. structural member of a panes of glass within a window or . a decorative railing system which (1922, hp#281, downtown) glazed door. R column, often decorative. PITch (rOOF) includes a top rail, balusters, and SIDELIGhTS (fig. 17) raFTEr TaILS (fig. 15) one normally describes the degree usually a bottom rail. carTOUchEa framed area (offig .glass 6) that does the nevins adobe P rafters are an inclined structural of slant of a roof as low, medium or annot ornamental open, often tablet set often vertically inscribed on 1920-1947 ParaPET BAYmembers from the ridge of the roof ( ; fig garden) steeply pitched. oreach decorated side of a door and. framed with a low wall at the edge of a roof. adown regularly to the repeated eaves spatialwhich elementsupport. elaborate, scroll-like carving. Fig. 2 Fig. 11 PLaN the roofing material. when the ends SLIDErS Fig. 14 PEDESTaL BaY WINDOW (fig. 1) a drawing which shows the interior protrude over the edge of the caSEMENTmetal or vinyl WINDOWS windows which (fig. open15) a window that protrudes from a a support for a column, as seen spaces of a building, usually to scale. wall , as is common in the craftsman avertically window which rather swings than horizontally open along ; frequently on craftsman style walltradition. , these are called rafter thecommon entire on length homes, usuallyin the 1970 on hingess on. homes. POrTE cOchErEh. h(.fig brix. 12) mansion tails fixed to the sides of the opening BracKETS. (fig. 2) . (1911, edward t. foulkes, ahp covered#089, national carriage register or automobileproperty) SLEEPING POrch PEDIMENT often used as decorative elements at characTEr-DEFINING FEaTUrE entrance which is attached to the rIBBON DrIVEWaY until the invention of air conditioning, the cornice line of a home in general an architectural element which a triangular gable above or over side of the home, seen frequently in commonly found in older; neighbor - screened rooms, open to the night refers to any element which projects a door or window, as often seen homes built in the 1920s and before; hoods , the driveway consists of two definesbreezes the, were style commonlyor particular used look in in classically inspired styles of more architecturally distinguished frompoured a wall strips to supportof concrete (literally with or a offresno a building for andsleeping without during which thethe Fig. 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITYFig. OF12 FRESNObuilding. than the later “carport.” figurateivelygrassy median) a inweight between. . buildingsummer monthswould loseand even its integrityin the winter. . Fig. 15 4 1 4 15 ELEVaTION GAMBREL ROOF vertical drawing of exterior or a ridged roof with two slopes on interior of building; 2 dimensional. each side, the lower slope having the steeper pitch; often used on F barns. cLaDDING cOrNIcE (fig. 10) FaÇaDE cLaDDING cOrNIcE (fig. 10) ELEVaTION GAMBRELG - L ROOF exterior siding, either original or the exterior trim of a structure the exterior front or principle exterior siding, either original or the exterior trim of a structure vertical drawing, of, exterior or a ridged roof with two slopes on perhaps added over the original where the roof and wall meet. elevation. GaBLE rOOF (fig. 10) Fig. 7 perhaps added over the original where the roof and wall meet. interior of building; 2 dimensional. each side, the lower slope having surface treatment of the building. a roof which is triangular in shape, surface treatment of the building. the steeper pitch; often used on FaNLIGhT (WINDOW) from the cornice to the ridge; homes DD F barns. cLIPPED GaBLE rOOF (fig. 14) a semicircular or a fan-shaped may be front-gabled, side-gabled, or cLIPPED GaBLE rOOF DENTILDENTIL (fig . 14) FaÇaDE also known as a jerkinhead; a gable window with radiating members or aG combination - L of several roof types. also known as a jerkinhead; a gable as it suggests, these are decorative the exterior, front, or principle as it suggests, these are decorative tracery set over a door or window Fig. 4 roof for which the end has been toothlike square blocks that are ELEVaTION . GaBLEGAMBREL rOOF ROOF (figfig . 10) Fig. 4 roof for which the end has been “toothlike“ ” square” blocks that are elevation. hIPPED rOOF ( . 8) Fig. 7 “clipped” to be between a gable and a roof which is triangular in shape “clipped” to be between a gable and oftenoften found found in columnsin columns or orat theat the FENESTraTIONvertical drawing of exterior or a roofridged which roof slopes with upwardtwo slopes from allon, hiphip in inshape shape. . cornice of a home. FaNLIGhTinterior of building (WINDOW; 2 dimensional) . fourfromeach sidestheside cornice, ofthea buildinglower to the sloperidgeif the ; havinghomestop is cornice of a home. general term for the arrangement ; a semicircular or a fan-shaped “maytheflat be”steeper it front is a truncated- gabledpitch; , oftenside hip- gabledroof used. , oron cOLONNaDEcOLONNaDE (fig (fig. 4). 4) and design of windows in a building; DORMER (fig. 5) windowF with radiating members or abarns combination. of several roof types. a number of columns arranged in DORMER (fig. 5) < french (fenêtre). Fig. 8 a number of columns arranged in traceryFaÇaDEset over a door or window KNEE BracES (fig. 9) a structurea structure which which protrudes protrudes from from . hIPPED rOOF (fig. 8) orderorder, as, asin anin anentryway entryway to toa spanish a spanish aG corner - L brace or diagonal member a slopinga sloping roof roof, usually, usually housing housing a a FrENchthe exterior DOOrS, front (,fig or. 7) principle revival style home. FENESTraTION a roof which slopesfig upward from all revival style home. vertical window colonial revival elevation placedGaBLE acrossrOOF the( .angle 10) between Fig. 7 vertical window . .colonial revival a door . which has glass panes four sides of a building if the top is two members that are; joined to homes often include dormers. general term for the arrangement a roof which is triangular in shape , cOLUMNcOLUMN (fig (fig. 3). 3) homes often include dormers. throughout or nearly so along its “flat” it is a truncated hip roof. andFaNLIGhT design of ( WINDOWwindows) in a building; providefrom the structural cornice to thestrength ridge; .homes may entire length often used in pairs Fig. 5 a along long slender slender structural structural member member french fenêtre; . also be decorative as in craftsman Fig. 5 DOUBLE-hUNGDOUBLE-hUNG SaSh SaSh WINDOWS WINDOWS bungalows. decorativedecorative horizontal horizontal feature feature along along E FrIEZE (fig. 10) < french (fenêtre). KNEE BracES (fig. 9) Fig. 8 thethe top top edge edge of ofa aroof roof in insome some EaVESEaVES a horizontal decorative band at or LIGhTS (fig. 15) a corner brace or diagonal member architecturalarchitectural stylesstyles, , suchsuch as as thethe part part of ofthe the roof roof that that projects projects nearFrENchthe topDOOrSof a wall(fig. below7) the individual panes of glass as in a placed across the angle, between Fig.Fig. 6 6 streamlinestreamline moderne moderne or or the the prairie prairie. . beyondbeyond the the exterior exterior wall wall. . cornicea door. which has glass panes window with eight lights. Fig. 9 2 two members that are joined to 3 throughout or nearly so along its 22 provide structural strength. may 3 entire length often used in pairs ; . also be decorative as in craftsman bungalows. FrIEZE (fig. 10) a horizontal decorative band at or LIGhTS (fig. 15) near the top of a wall below the individual panes of glass, as in a cornice. window with eight lights. Fig. 9 3 ELEVaTION GAMBREL ROOF vertical drawing of exterior or a ridged roof with two slopes on interior of building; 2 dimensional. each side, the lower slope having the steeper pitch; often used on F barns. cLaDDING cOrNIcE (fig. 10) FaÇaDE cLaDDING cOrNIcE (fig. 10) ELEVaTION GAMBRELG - L ROOF exterior siding, either original or the exterior trim of a structure the exterior front or principle exterior siding, either original or the exterior trim of a structure vertical drawing, of, exterior or a ridged roof with two slopes on perhaps added over the original where the roof and wall meet. elevation. GaBLE rOOF (fig. 10) Fig. 7 perhaps added over the original where the roof and wall meet. interior of building; 2 dimensional. each side, the lower slope having surface treatment of the building. a roof which is triangular in shape, surface treatment of the building. the steeper pitch; often used on FaNLIGhT (WINDOW) from the cornice to the ridge; homes DD F barns. cLIPPED GaBLE rOOF (fig. 14) a semicircular or a fan-shaped may be front-gabled, side-gabled, or cLIPPED GaBLE rOOF DENTILDENTIL (fig . 14) FaÇaDE also known as a jerkinhead; a gable window with radiating members or aG combination - L of several roof types. also known as a jerkinhead; a gable as it suggests, these are decorative the exterior, front, or principle as it suggests, these are decorative tracery set over a door or window Fig. 4 roof for which the end has been toothlike square blocks that are ELEVaTION . GaBLEGAMBREL rOOF ROOF (figfig . 10) Fig. 4 roof for which the end has been “toothlike“ ” square” blocks that are elevation. hIPPED rOOF ( . 8) Fig. 7 “clipped” to be between a gable and a roof which is triangular in shape “clipped” to be between a gable and oftenoften found found in columnsin columns or orat theat the FENESTraTIONvertical drawing of exterior or a roofridged which roof slopes with upwardtwo slopes from allon, hiphip in inshape shape. . cornice of a home. FaNLIGhTinterior of building (WINDOW; 2 dimensional) . fourfromeach sidestheside cornice, ofthea buildinglower to the sloperidgeif the ; havinghomestop is cornice of a home. general term for the arrangement ; a semicircular or a fan-shaped “maytheflat be”steeper it front is a truncated- gabledpitch; , oftenside hip- gabledroof used. , oron cOLONNaDEcOLONNaDE (fig (fig. 4). 4) and design of windows in a building; DORMER (fig. 5) windowF with radiating members or abarns combination. of several roof types. a number of columns arranged in DORMER (fig. 5) < french (fenêtre). Fig. 8 a number of columns arranged in traceryFaÇaDEset over a door or window KNEE BracES (fig. 9) a structurea structure which which protrudes protrudes from from . hIPPED rOOF (fig. 8) orderorder, as, asin anin anentryway entryway to toa spanish a spanish aG corner - L brace or diagonal member a slopinga sloping roof roof, usually, usually housing housing a a FrENchthe exterior DOOrS, front (,fig or. 7) principle revival style home. FENESTraTION a roof which slopesfig upward from all revival style home. vertical window colonial revival elevation placedGaBLE acrossrOOF the( .angle 10) between Fig. 7 vertical window . .colonial revival a door . which has glass panes four sides of a building if the top is two members that are; joined to homes often include dormers. general term for the arrangement a roof which is triangular in shape , cOLUMNcOLUMN (fig (fig. 3). 3) homes often include dormers. throughout or nearly so along its “flat” it is a truncated hip roof. andFaNLIGhT design of ( WINDOWwindows) in a building; providefrom the structural cornice to thestrength ridge; .homes may entire length often used in pairs Fig. 5 a along long slender slender structural structural member member french fenêtre; . also be decorative as in craftsman Fig. 5 DOUBLE-hUNGDOUBLE-hUNG SaSh SaSh WINDOWS WINDOWS

ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY FOR FOR HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGY FOR HISTORIC-ERA ARCHITECTURALARCHITECTURAL RESIDENTIALTERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGYRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGSFOR FORBUILDINGS HISTORIC-ERA HISTORIC-ERA IN INFRESNO FRESNO ARCHITECTURAL TERMINOLOGYRESIDENTIAL FOR HISTORIC-ERA BUILDINGS IN FRESNO RESIDENTIALRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS BUILDINGS IN INFRESNO FRESNO RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN FRESNO

DEVELOPMENT & RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT HISTORIC PRESERVATION DIVISION 2600 FRESNO STREET FRESNO, CALIFORNIA 93721 HISTORICHISTORIC PRESERVATION PRESERVATION | CITY | CITYOF FRESNO OF FRESNO HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITY OF FRESNO WWW.FRESNO.GOV HISTORICHISTORIC PRESERVATION PRESERVATION | CITY | CITYOF FRESNO OF FRESNO HISTORIC PRESERVATION | CITY OF FRESNO