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Maple User Manual Maple User Manual Copyright © Maplesoft, a division of Waterloo Maple Inc. 2012 Maple User Manual Copyright Maplesoft, Maple, MapleSim, Maple Application Center, Maple Student Center, Maplet, Maple T.A., MapleNet and MapleCloud are all trademarks of Waterloo Maple Inc. © Maplesoft, a division of Waterloo Maple Inc. 1996-2012. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed, in any form or by any means — electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the vendor. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the agreement. It is against the law to copy the software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the agreement. Adobe and Acrobat are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Java and all Java based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. NAG is a registered trademark of The Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. This document was produced using Maple and DocBook. Printed in Canada ISBN 978-1-926902-23-4 Contents Preface ...................................................................................................... xvii 1 Getting Started ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 In This Chapter ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Introduction to Maple .............................................................................. 2 Working in Maple ................................................................................... 2 Starting the Standard Document Interface .................................................... 3 Entering 2-D Math .................................................................................. 5 Toolbar Options ...................................................................................... 9 Context Menus and Copy & Drag ............................................................. 11 Saving a Maple Document ...................................................................... 18 1.3 Entering Expressions ............................................................................. 18 Execution Groups .................................................................................. 18 Math Mode vs. Text Mode ...................................................................... 19 Palettes ............................................................................................... 21 Symbol Names ..................................................................................... 28 Toolbar Icons ....................................................................................... 30 1.4 Point-and-Click Interaction ..................................................................... 32 Assistants ............................................................................................ 32 Tutors ................................................................................................ 37 Math Apps ........................................................................................... 38 Context Menus ..................................................................................... 39 Task Templates ..................................................................................... 40 Exploration Assistant ............................................................................. 43 1.5 Commands .......................................................................................... 45 The Maple Library ................................................................................ 45 Entering Commands .............................................................................. 45 Document Blocks .................................................................................. 50 1.6 The Maple Help System ......................................................................... 53 Accessing the Help System ..................................................................... 53 Using the Help Navigator ....................................................................... 55 Viewing Help Pages as Documents ........................................................... 55 Viewing Examples in 2-D Math ............................................................... 56 Copying Examples ................................................................................ 56 1.7 Available Resources .............................................................................. 56 Resources Available through the Maple Help System ................................... 57 Maple Tour and Quick Resources ............................................................. 58 Web Site Resources ............................................................................... 58 2 Document Mode .......................................................................................... 61 2.1 In This Chapter ..................................................................................... 61 2.2 Introduction ......................................................................................... 61 2.3 Entering Expressions ............................................................................. 62 iii iv • Contents Example 1 - Enter a Partial Derivative ....................................................... 63 Example 2 - Define a Mathematical Function ............................................. 64 2.4 Evaluating Expressions .......................................................................... 65 2.5 Editing Expressions and Updating Output .................................................. 66 2.6 Performing Computations ....................................................................... 67 Computing with Palettes ......................................................................... 67 Context Menus ..................................................................................... 68 Assistants and Tutors ............................................................................. 73 3 Worksheet Mode ......................................................................................... 77 3.1 In This Chapter ..................................................................................... 77 3.2 Input Prompt ........................................................................................ 78 Suppressing Output ............................................................................... 79 1-D Math Input ..................................................................................... 79 Input Separators .................................................................................... 80 3.3 Commands .......................................................................................... 80 The Maple Library ................................................................................ 81 Top-Level Commands ............................................................................ 81 Package Commands ............................................................................... 83 3.4 Palettes ............................................................................................... 86 3.5 Context Menus ..................................................................................... 88 Example - Using Context Menus .............................................................. 89 3.6 Assistants and Tutors ............................................................................. 90 Launching an Assistant or Tutor ............................................................... 90 3.7 Task Templates ..................................................................................... 90 3.8 Text Regions ........................................................................................ 92 3.9 Names ................................................................................................ 92 Assigning to Names ............................................................................... 93 Unassigning Names ............................................................................... 94 Valid Names ......................................................................................... 95 3.10 Equation Labels .................................................................................. 95 Displaying Equation Labels .................................................................... 96 Referring to a Previous Result ................................................................. 96 Execution Groups with Multiple Outputs ................................................... 97 Label Numbering Schemes ..................................................................... 98 Features of Equation Labels .................................................................... 99 4 Basic Computations ................................................................................... 101 4.1 In This Chapter ................................................................................... 101 4.2 Symbolic
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