Location of Study Site
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PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF BORSAD TALUKA IN ANAND DISTRICT IN GUJARAT OF INDIA INTRODUCTION BorsadTaluka is situated in Anand district. Anand district is situated in the central Gujarat near the Gulf of Cambay. The district is full of good industries. LOCATION OF STUDY SITE 1 Anand district was established in the year 1997. It has 10 talukas. Its population is about 18,56,872 peoples. Borsad taluka of Anand district lies in middle Gujarat. It is located around 17 km far from Anand. It is surrounded fertile character region which largely produces Tobacco, Bananas, Cotton, Bajara and other agricultural crops. The Gujarat state has the largest number of big geographically zones amongst the state of India which clearly reflected high ecological diversity. Human beings derive much direct economic benefit through Biodiversity. It is in the form of food, fuel, gum, fibers, resin, dye, pesticides raw material. Even Biodiversity includes regulation of nutrient cycle also. Phytosociology the branch of ecology concerned with the identification, analysis and classification of plants communities or plant association a mixture of Sp. Which lives in a habitat and are held to gather by common ecological tolerances from a community? The study of plant community structure is called plant sociology or phytosociology. The study of plant aspects of communal relation of plant also. Phytosociology is the study of the characteristics, classification, relationships and distribution of plant communities (The American Heritage Dictionary, 3rd). It is useful to collect such data to describe the population dynamics of each species studied and how they related to the other species in the same community. Subtle differences in species composition and structure may point to differing abiotic conditions such as soil moisture, light availability, temperature, exposure to prevailing wind, etc. When tracked over time, species and individual dynamics can reveal patterns of response to disturbance and hoe the community over time. 2 There are about 2198 flowering plants belonging to 902 genera and 155 families so far recorded from Gujarat. Gujarat state is endowed with a great diversity of natural ecosystem. The Gujarat state has largest number of big geographically zones amongst the state of India. In Gujarat the centre district Anand. Borsad is one of the taluka of Anand is non forest area. Have 64 villages. Borsad is located at 22˚25’N 72˚54’E / 22.42˚N 72.9˚E. In Borsad taluka 64 villages. Out of these villages I visited all villages. I taken a flora of different villages and collected plants, taken a photographs and preserve mode of herbarium, All this herbarium kept in Department of Biology, Borsad. I collected a plants of two different season rainy and winter &summer Out of this I presented papers in seminar Pilvai Nadiad ,Palanpur.ambaji, himtanagar I also collected information about socio economic important plant, Road side plantation and Agriculture crope. I observed that during winter time in borsad climber, herbs are dominant on road side and even in uncultivated place.. On road side plantation common plant were found like Azadirechta indica, Mangifera indica, Acacia nilotica, Peltrophorum Sp., Albizzia lebbek Benth, Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth Prosopis spicigera L. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Cassia siamia Eucalipts Sp.,etc. but bombax cieba, gmelina arboria, Delbargia sissoo, Terminalia arjuna Butea monosperma, Cassia fistula,s,were frequently observed. Main agriculture crope of borsad taluka are Tobacco, Bajara,Rice,Wheat, Maiz, Banana. One important observation in some village Ficus bangalensis situated entrance of village is peculiarity of those villages in this taluka is Acacia nilotica observed naturally around village pond. Highest frequency 3 on road side plant in different study type is Acacia nilotica, Azadirechta indica, Mangifera indica . The Phytosociologist has naturally become concerned with producing a complete description and classification of vegetation. European ecologist developed system of description and classification and this aspect of ecology is known as phytosociology. India has century old heritage of herbal medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Some important medicinal plants are found to be grown naturally in the cultivated land as weeds. A survey was made to know the name of medicinal plants and use by the village people to cure their disease. Even in India among Hindus many plants species are associated with religious function and also in celebration of festival. Several Plants species are considered for purpose of deity and some plants are used economic important. Some Information about Phytosociology Phytosociology the branch of ecology concerned with the identification, analysis and classification of plants communities or plant association. According to many author plants Sociology or Phytosociology is a define as the discipline which concerns itself with the study of vegetation as such as with its floristic composition, structure, development and distribution where as the term study of the habitat has not appealed to British, as it has to many continental botanist, A fact which may be due to the different. 4 Climates of opinion in which vegetation study has arisen and developed in Britain and in Europe for the continental Phytosociological system have grown out of a preponderant initial interest in classification taxonomy and Phytogeography the British in Physiology. This divergence in aim and difference in origin has led to a lack of sympathy between the two the Phytosociologist have naturally become concerned with producing a complete description and classification of vegetation. European ecologist developed system of description and classification and this aspects of ecology is known as phytosociology. Significance of work: People are known about the plants and their usefulness in Borsad taluka and different villages. Know about frequency and abundance of Borsad taluka and different villages. Biology student, common people & researcher useful of herbarium for plants identification. 5 .