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www.learnhotenglish.com O “CRAM” “W NKY” “BOTCH UP” “ALL RIGHT? ” “ A SPOT OF ” LEARN15 “FAFF” “ NICE ONE ” “JIFFY” “SOD’S “ CHEERS ” “MUG” USEFULLAW” ” “ DODGY SLANG“ BUDGE ”

EXPRESSIONS! “ PEAR-SHAPED ” LOTS USEFUL VOCABULARY: “DISS” OF DIFFERENT THE BODY! ENGLISH ACCENTS! GRAMMAR: QUESTION WORDS! POLAND SPECIAL BRITISH CULTURE:

ISSN 15777898 00193 PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, 9 771577 789001 useful expressions… and much, much more. English Attention all Human Resource managers in Europe! Hot English Language Services offers language training programmes that Classes are guaranteed to improve ...for your employees! your employees’of English! level Hot English Language Services, a leader within the English company class training sector as well as an internationally-recognised publisher, has been offering language training solutions to many of the world's leading companies since 2001. A course with Hot English ensures:

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E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 2 EDITOR’S INTRO Magazine Index How you learn English with Learn Hot English magazine Pre-Intermediate (CEF level: A2) Why are you learning English? To get a better job, to pass an official English exam, to travel, or just to communicate in English? Learn Hot English magazine helps with all this. 3 Editorial 1 Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Learn Hot 5 English for life! Want to travel to English-speaking 4 eReaders TRACK 01 English you’ll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus countries? With Learn Hot English you’ll learn the words 6 Name Game you’ll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more. and expressions you need for international travel! 7 Story Time TRACK 02 2 Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60 6 English for speaking! How do native English minutes of spoken English audio. You’ll learn to understand speakers really talk? Learn with our natural English 8 Useful Vocabulary: The Body II English, plus you can hear lots of different accents! conversations. Also, learn English slang and read about 9 Useful Verbs and Expressions: current events (news, culture, music, films) so you can 3 English for exams! Learn Hot English helps prepare The Body TRACK 03 you for official English exams (First Certificate, IELTS, TOEFL, make conversation with native English speakers. etc.). How? Exams test your ability to speak and your range 11 Let’s talk about... of vocabulary. Hot English improves your communication 7 Want to learn even more? Buy one of our skills and your knowledge of words and expressions. fantastic books for improving your English. There are Seafood TRACK 04 books on business English, idioms, phrasal verbs and 12 Functional language: 4 English for work! Practical English for the office, for lots, lots more. Visit our shop for more information on meetings, for talking to clients – it’s all in Hot English. how we can really help you learn English: The Telephone TRACK 05 & Plus, read business tips from entrepreneurs. www.learnhotenglish.com/shop Grammar Fun Hi, and welcome to another 13 Error correction & Listening: issue of Learn Hot English – Green Times TRACKS 06-07 the fun magazine for learning English. In this month’s issue, Intermediate (CEF level: B1) we’ll be teaching you 15 useful 14 Learn some English slang with slang terms. Learning slang will these 15 expressions! TRACK 08 help you follow English films, TV series and conversations 16 Slang English language between native speakers. exercise TRACK 09 So, it’s really useful. 17 Ridiculous Requests TRACK 10 14 18 How to... speak English (part II) Of course, that’s not all, and we’ll also be looking 19 Listening: Festival Fun TRACK 11 ; at eReaders, the body, Robin Hood, seafood, Photo Magic ridiculous requests at work, festivals, Poland, 20 Amazing World: Poland cheats, pirates, Chopin, negotiation, dishonest 22 Robin Hood salespeople and lots, lots more! Well, we hope you enjoy reading and listening to this issue of Learn 24 Russell Crowe & Cate Blanchett Hot English. Have fun, learn lots of English and Upper Intermediate (CEF level: B2) see you all next month! 26 How to deal with dishonest 22 salespeople! 28 You Cheat! TRACK 12 AUDIO FILES 30 Dr Fingers’ Vocabulary Clinic: Download the MP3 audio files for this issue for FREE from our website: Stupid People www.learnhotenglish.com/mp3s 32 Quirky News / Corny Criminals / Riddles TRACKS 13-15 PS Remember to sign up for our newsletter so 33 Recipe: Fish Pie & you can receive lots of FREE language lessons, Listening: Travel Time TRACK 16 ; and find out what we’re doing. Just visit our website (www.learnhotenglish.com) and enter your 25 Advanced (CEF level: C1) name and e-mail address in the box on the 34 Pirates right-hand side of the page. 35 Chopin Don’t forget to check out the blog on our website: blog.learnhotenglish.com for free lessons and articles 36 Dictionary of Slang TRACK 17 on how to learn English. Or “like” us on 37 Accent Alert: Facebook or (@LearnHotEnglish) Polish English TRACK 18 ; so you can keep up with our latest news, or visit 38 Idioms: Way TRACK 19 www.learnhotenglish.com and click on the button 39 Listening: Negotiation Knockout for “Telephone & Skype classes”. TRACK 20 35 40 Poor Pirates TRACK 21 ONLINE AND MAGAZINE ADVERTISING (00 34) 91 543 3573 42 Phrasal Verbs: The News TRACK 22 FOLLOW HOT ENGLISH ON FACEBOOK FOLLOW HOT ENGLISH ON TWITTER 43 Subscriptions www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish www.twitter.com/LearnHotEnglish 44 Audio scripts All material in this publication is strictly copyright, and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. The views expressed 47 Answers in Learn Hot English magazine do not necessarily represent the views of Hot English Publishing SL. However, we do think that Robin was a brave chap, pirates were fearsome and Chopin’s music is melancholic. 48 Word of the Month: Situational Irony

For great private language classes, e-mail: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 3 TRACK 01

READERS e eReadersIs this the end of the book? 1 Pre-reading ave you got an eReader? Are *Project Match the “book words” (1 to 8) to the pictures (a-h). you thinking of getting one? I’m not an Gutenberg e Reader! 1. A book HWe asked some eReader Project Gutenberg 2. A paperback owners to give us their opinions. (often abbreviated 3. An eReader to PG) is an archive 4. A page There are many things that people of e-books. It ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 PAGE ON ANSWERS 5. The contents page like about eReaders. “eReaders are was founded in 6. A hardback really light, weighing less than most 1971 by Michael 7. A reader a paperbacks,” said Nathan Jones, a Hart. It is the 8. The front cover market researcher. “You can hold oldest digital library. Titles the book and turn the pages with in their top 100 most popular e-books include one hand. An eReader is definitely Alice’s Adventures in more comfortable to read in bed Wonderland (by Lewis or if you’re lying on a sofa, plus Carroll), The Adventures b mine’s got a light so I can read in of Sherlock Holmes (by bed at night without disturbing Sir Arthur Conan Doyle), d my partner.” Another big advantage is that you can store Ulysses (by James Joyce) hundreds of books on them. “eReaders are perfect for and Frankenstein (by travel,” said Kiera Smith. “You can have lots of books in one Mary Shelley). They’re all device, instead of carrying loads of books in your luggage.” free. As Michael Hart said The search functions are also popular. “You can look for in 2004, “The mission of Project Gutenberg is e a character by their name or for a place just by typing in simple: To encourage the the word. That’s really useful,” said Megan Malone, a sales c creation and distribution executive. of e-books.” g One user liked the function for GLOSSARY increasing font size. “I’ve got poor an owner n f a person who possesses something eyesight,” explained Harvey Callaghan, light adj 2 h an engineer. “But the eReader is not heavy; that doesn’t weigh very much Reading I a paperback n What do you think the advantages and perfect for me as I can increase the a book with a thin, flexible cover a market researcher n disadvantages of an eReader are? Think. Then, read font size.” And Jennifer Saunders said, “I like eReaders because someone who collects and analyses the article to check your ideas. they’re ecological. If we buy an ebook, we’re helping to save data/information about the market to disturb vb trees as they don’t use paper. Also, my eReader is solar- if you “disturb” someone, you do something 3 powered, so it only uses renewable energy.” Best of all is that annoys / irritates / interferes with them Reading II an advantage n Read the article. Then, write a summary of the the availability of hundreds of free books online. “Project something positive/good/beneficial a device n advantages and disadvantages mentioned in the article. Gutenberg* has millions of titles and they’re all free to an electrical appliance that does download,” said another user. a job 4 luggage n Language focus bags you take with you when you travel One of the biggest a search function n The Present Continuous an application on a machine that Look at this extract from the article, “...we’re complaints is that allows you to look for things a font n helping to save trees as they don’t use you can’t find certain a set of letters/numbers/characters paper.” In this example, the writer has used titles. “Many books are of the same size, shape and type poor eyesight n a Present Continuous structure. Transform the simply not available if someone has “poor eyesight”, they following sentences into the Present Continuous. in electronic form,” can ‘t see very well renewable energy n 1. I run in the park. said Daisy Madison, a form of energy that can be used again and again (solar, wind, etc.) 2. She works from home. an estate agent. If availability n 3. They travel by train. you want a specific book, one that is older, perhaps, or not if something is “available”, you can find/buy/use it 4. We don’t watch television. a bestseller, it won’t be available – at least, that was my a title n experience.” a book a complaint n 5 Discussion Others complained about the small delay in turning pages. if someone makes a “complaint” about something, they explain why 1. What do you think of eReaders? “The gap between pressing the ‘next page’ button and the they aren’t happy about that thing Would you buy one? Why? Why not? screen showing the page is really annoying,” said Joel Bray, a a delay n if there is a “delay”, something doesn’t 2. What do you like/dislike about shop assistant. “Also, you can’t flick between pages so easily.” happen as quickly as you expected reading paper books? to flick vb if you “flick” between the pages in a 3. Where/What/When do you like to read? So, what do you think? book, you turn those pages quickly

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FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 5 English language names with real meaning. THE NAME GAME THIS IS ANOTHER PART IN OUR SERIES ON FAMOUS NAMES WITH MEANING. THE NAME GAME NAME THE

Russell Crowe (Australian actor) A “CROW” IS A LARGE, BLACK BIRD THAT MAKES A LOUD NOISE. / Robin Hood (English hero) WHEN A ROOSTER (A MALE CHICKEN) “CROWS”, IT A “HOOD” IS A PART OF A JACKET OR COAT THAT MAKES A LOUD SOUND. COVERS YOUR HEAD. “The crow flew into the sky.” / “The teenager pulled the hood of his jacket over his head.” “The rooster crowed at 5 in the morning.”

Luke Skywalker (fictional character fromStar Wars) THE “SKY” IS THE SPACE AROUND THE EARTH WHICH YOU CAN SEE WHEN YOU STAND OUTSIDE Camilla Parker-Bowles (member of royal family) AND LOOK UP. / IF YOU “WALK” SOMEWHERE, YOU IF YOU “PARK” A CAR, YOU PUT IT INTO A GO THERE ON FOOT. PARKING SPACE. “Look! There’s an eagle in the sky.” / “We walked to the “She parked the car.” station.”

YouTube (website) Alfred Hitchcock (British film director) THE “TUBE” IS AN INFORMAL WORD TO REFER A “HITCH” IS A PROBLEM OR DIFFICULTY. / IF YOU TO THE TELEVISION. / A “TUBE” IS ALSO A LONG, “HITCH” A RIDE SOMEWHERE OR “HITCH-HIKE”, YOU HOLLOW (EMPTY) OBJECT THAT IS USUALLY ASK A DRIVER TO TAKE YOU THERE FOR FREE. ROUND. “There have been a few technical hitches.” / “What’s on the tube tonight?” / “They fitted a tube to the “We hitched a ride to the town centre.” barrel so they could drink the beer.”

6 / www.learnhotenglish.com / For Skype / Phone speaking classes, e-mail [email protected] TRACK 02 STORY TIME Jokes, anecdotes and stories as told by native English speakers. Cow versus Horse A young man goes to the country for the first time. One day, he’s walking TIME STORY through a village when he meets a farmer. “So, Farmer Giles, why doesn’t this cow have any horns?” asks the young man. The farmer thinks for a moment, then begins to explain. “Well, young man, cattle BEGINNER’S can do a lot of damage with their horns. So, we have to do something about them so they don’t hurt anyone. Sometimes, we put special pads on them so ENGLISH! they aren’t sharp. And, there are some breeds of cattle that never grow horns. But the reason this cow doesn’t have any horns, young man, is because it’s a horse.” THE BEGINNER BOOK Lawyer Query IS PERFECT FOR A1-LEVEL A first-year law student is talking to STUDENTS OF ENGLISH. a lawyer. “Do you IT WILL HELP YOU... mind if I ask you a question?” ✔ Speak in English! the law student asks. ✔ Understand English! “No, of course not,” the lawyer replies. ✔ Learn the words and expressions you need! “OK,” says the law student. “Let me see if I THIS BOOK FEATURES OVER... understand this. When a ✔ person assists a criminal 120 minutes of audio material! in breaking the law ✔ 80 hours of quality learning activities! BEFORE the criminal ✔ 100 pages divided into 34 units! gets arrested, we call him an ‘accomplice’.” Take your first steps in “Yes. That’s right.” “But when a person assists a GLOSSARY English with our Beginner Book! criminal in breaking the law a horn n AFTER the criminal has been some animals have "horns" (hard objects) coming out of their heads arrested, we call him a cattle n ‘lawyer’, right?” a general term for cows/bulls, etc. Learn Hot English: English for to do damage n if something “does damage”, it work, life, exams & speaking! destroys or breaks something Competitive salary to hurt vb "So, what’s this about a if something “hurts” you, it causes www.learnhotenglish.com you pain competitive salary?” asks a pad n a new employee. “Does it an object with soft material on it that is used to cover something sharp mean that the company the law n the rules and regulations in society pays good rates to their a lawyer n employees in order to a person who practices law an accomplice n compete with other someone who assists a criminal companies and retain good when committing a crime an employee n staff?” someone who works in a company/ organisation, etc. “No,” says the veteran a rate n employee. “It means that an amount of money paid for something to retain vb Tap here to buy! the company remains to keep; not to lose competitive by paying less a veteran n someone who has worked in a than their competitors.” company/office, etc. for a long time

For great private language classes, e-mail: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 7 USEFUL VOCABULARYTHE BODY THIS IS ANOTHER PART IN OUR SECTION ON USEFUL VOCABULARY. THIS MONTH: THE BODY. ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 1 Match the words Match the words (1-10) to the pictures. 1. Shoulder i 2. Tongue 3. Elbow e 4. Ankle a g 5. Lips USEFUL VOCABULARY USEFUL 6. Fingers f 7. Knees d 8. Neck 9. Cheek 10. Toes b 2 Wordsearch c Now find these words in the wordsearch. h i j ankle cheek elbow fingers knees lips neck shoulder toes tongue

3 Guess the word Think of ways to describe the words above. See if your partner can guess the word from the clues.

It’s the joint between your leg and your foot. Your ankle! TRACK 03 THE BODY USEFUL VERBS & EXPRESSIONS THIS IS ANOTHER PART IN OUR SECTION ON USEFUL VERBS AND EXPRESSIONS. THIS MONTH: THE BODY.

SHRUG YOUR SHOULDERS STICK YOUR TONGUE OUT To move your shoulders up as a way of To push your tongue out of your mouth. saying, “I don’t know.”

“The rude

little boy EXPRESSIONS & VERBS USEFUL “When I asked her if she knew stuck his anything about it, she just tongue out shrugged her shoulders.” at me.”

BANG YOUR ELBOW TWIST YOUR ANKLE To hit your elbow against something. If you “twist your ankle” (or wrist), you turn it too much and the ligaments become damaged, which can cause a lot of pain.

“Oh! I’ve just banged “SHe can’t play my elbow tennis because against the She’s twisted table.” her ankle.”

PURSE YOUR LIPS CRACK YOUR FINGERS To push your lips together in order To bend your f ingers until they make a to form a rounded shape. snapping sound (a short, sharp sound).

“Stop “She cracking pursed your her lips f ingers! and blew It’s him a kiss.” horrible!”

BEND YOUR KNEES TOUCH YOUR TOES When you “bend your knees”, you change To use your f ingers to touch your toes. the position of your legs so they are not straight.

“She bent her knees so “Can you she could touch your pick up the toes? I money.” can’t.”

FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 9 Let’s be friends

and learn lots of new words www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish

For fantastic Skype/Telephone classes, e-mail: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 10 TRACK 04 LET’S TALK ABOUT: Seafood

An oyster A lobster Squid

Mussels A crab LET’S TALK ABOUT: SEAFOOD ABOUT: TALK LET’S An octopus

A shrimp / Scallops prawn A cockle

A king prawn Clams Swordfish

Let’s talk about... IN THIS DIALOGUE, AARON Seafood IS PREPARING SOME FOOD. Useful Expressions Dialogue HE’S TALKING TO SANDRA. How do you cook the mussels? Sandra: So, what are you I’ve got some fillets of fish. cooking? Have you deboned the fish? Aaron: I’m making a fish pie. I’m going to cook the fish in the oven with You don’t like fish some potatoes. much, do you? He’s going to fry the fish. They cover the fish in batter and deep fry it. Sandra: Not really. We’re serving the oysters with lemon. Aaron: It’s good for you. Would you like some salt and vinegar with Sandra: Yes, I know, but I hate all the fish? those bones. Be careful! It’s got a few bones in it. Aaron: This fish hasn’t got any. She gets all her fish from the fishmonger’s. Sandra: You always find one or two. Other types of fish Aaron: Well, they won’t kill you. Hey, I’m doing mussels in a white wine sauce for the Sardine starter. Sandra: Sounds nice, although GLOSSARY Cod a fillet of fish n Tuna fish I don’t like mussels either. a piece of fish with no bones in it to debone vb Aaron: You’re so fussy. to take the bones out of fish/meat Sandra: You know me. I’m an to fry vb to cook in hot oil Anchovies environmentalist who’s worried batter n and learn lots a type of food made of flour, milk and Salmon about overfishing. The world’s eggs. It is used to cover other food supply of fish is in danger! before frying in oil to deep fry vb Aaron: Don’t worry. The fishmonger’s I go to cook food in a lot of oil that covers Trout the food to only stocks fish that has been a fishmonger’s n caught ethically. Well, that’s what a shop that sells fish/seafood Halibut a starter n Hake she says anyway. Glass of white food that is served before the main of new words course (soup, salad, etc.) wine? overfishing n catching too many fish and causing Sandra: Sure. fish stocks to disappear www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish Herring Eel

FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 11 TRACK 05 The section that makes grammar Useful language for successful easy, interesting, and fun. communication. FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE GRAMMAR FUN The Telephone Question Words Special THIS MONTH, WE’RE LOOKING AT SOME QUESTION WORDS (“WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, (part V) Requests WHO, WHY”, ETC.). THIS IS THE FIRST OF A TWO-PART SERIES. MORE NEXT MONTH.

GRAMMAR FUN GRAMMAR Requests

Could you repeat that, please? Would you mind spelling that for me, please? Could you speak up a little please? Can you speak a little slower please? Can you give me her e-mail address, please? Can you hold for a minute, please? Do you have a pen handy? Would you like to repeat that back to me? How do you spell that, please? Could you send me an e-mail confirming that, please?

FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE & & LANGUAGE FUNCTIONAL Dialogue

IN THIS DIALOGUE, MELINDA IS CALLING UP TO MAKE AN ENQUIRY ABOUT A CAMERA SHE BOUGHT RECENTLY. Receptionist: Cameras Galore. How may I help you? Melinda: Oh, hi. Could you put me through to someone We can use “what” to ask for information about something. For example: in the customer services department, please? a) What did you say? Receptionist: Yes, certainly. Hold the line, please. b) What happened? Shop: Good afternoon. How may I help you? Melinda: Hi. I bought a camcorder from one of your We can also use “what” to ask for opinions of things or shops just recently and there seems to be a people. For example: a) A: What is he like? part missing. B: He’s tall and handsome and really, really nice. Shop: I beg your pardon. Could you repeat that, please? We seem to have a bad line. b) A: What was the film like? Melinda: Yes, I’m sorry. I bought a camcorder from one B: Not very good. of your shops just recently and there’s a part missing. We can use “why” to ask about a reason for something. For example: Shop: I beg your pardon. a) Why did that happen? Melinda: Is that better? b) Why did you leave early? Shop: Ah, yes. Melinda: Sorry, I was in a tunnel. Anyway, as I was And we use “when” to ask about time. For example: saying, I bought a camcorder from one of a) When did you leave? your shops and there’s a part missing. b) When is the exam? Shop: You’ll have to bring the camcorder into the We can use “where” to ask about place or position. store with the receipt. For example: Melinda: OK, but could you just confirm that you’ve a) Where did you put my pen? got the part in stock, please? I don’t want to b) Where do you work? come in for nothing. Shop: What’s the missing part? And what make of We use “which” when there is a limited choice of something. For example: camcorder is it? a) Which bag do you like? The red one or the green one? Melinda: It’s a Sony Handycam and the missing part b) Which towel did you take? Mine or yours? is the memory card. The shop assistant told me the camcorder came with a 4GB memory ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 card, but I can’t find it. 1 Exercise Shop: Hold the line, please. Complete the sentences with the correct question word. Shop: Yes, we do have that part in the store. 1. one do you like? The first one or the second one? Melinda: Great. What time are you open, please? 2. did they tell you about it? On Friday or Saturday? Shop: From 9 to 6. 3. is the weather like? Melinda: Thanks a lot. 4. is the money? In the bank or in your wallet? Shop: Bye. 5. did you say that? Because you were angry? Melinda: Bye. 6. happened after that? Did they leave?

12 / www.learnhotenglish.com / For Skype / Phone speaking classes, e-mail [email protected] We’re sad. DR ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Then listen to theCDto checkyour answers. luck! Good Read thesentences, findtheerrors and thesentences.correct AND CORRECTS TYPICAL ERRORS. IN THIS SECTION, DR FINGERS IDENTIFIES Travel 1

TRACK 06 the languageinaction. words andexpressions. to helpyoulearnthe of typicalsituations. covering awiderange travelling abroad. expressions for useful wordsand www.learnhotenglish.com/shop Or getphysicalcopies from: Activity They were very sad. They wereverysad. We were sixintheparty. He wasinthepark? You were atthecinema? They wasn’t there. I notwasathomelastnight. sad. They wasvery

More than 30 dialogues so you can hear More than30dialoguessoyoucanhear Over 400images 40 topicareas Learn over1,000 Tap hereto buy! FINGERS’ FINGERS’ English English cinema. at the We’re ANSWERS ON PAGE 47

LotsofFREE contentwhenyou followusonFacebook! LISTENING 7. 8. 4. 5. 2. Metal 3. 6. 1. Glass Match ofrubbish (1to thetypes 8)to (a-h). thepictures 3. 2. 1. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. structure. Complete thesentences withyour own ideas. need to cutdown somany trees.” The speaker hasusedaFirst Conditional Look from at thelistening, thisextract we paper, recycle “If we won’t 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Listen againandchoosethecorrect answer. answer thisquestion: dotheyrecycle? fromWhich thePre-listening objects activity You are goingto listen to two peoplewhoare talking aboutrecycling. Listen once and 4 3 2 5 1

Green Times Green Times TRACK 07

Pre-listening Discussion LanguagefocusTheFirstConditional ListeningII ListeningI A canofdrink Food waste A carton Paper A tinoffood Bottles What else couldyou dotoWhat helptheenvironment? youDo ishelpingtheenvironment? thinkrecycling How? youDo your recycle rubbish? How? Where? there’sIf nothinggoodon I’ll...TV, itrainstonight, Iwon’t...If IgooutforIf lunch,I’ll... it’sIf sunny thisweekend, I’ll... Ihave timetonight,If I’ll... theend, /onfoot goto they theshopsby. In car companyfor. amuseum/car programme tells thatthescientiston Jon Maria works TV inonebigplasticbag/agreen. usuallyputseverything Jon The tinsgointheyellow /greenbag. The papergoesinthegreen/bluebag. The bottlesgointhegreen/redbag. e

Helping tosavetheplanet.

f c / www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish g a d b h /

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ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 ERROR CORRECTION & SKILLS BOOKLET LISTENING (A2) TRACK 08 LEARN SOME ENGLISH SLANG WITH THESE 15 EXPRESSIONS!

What do you think wonky, dodgy and jiffy mean in English? They’re all English slang terms.

Slang is a type of language that native speakers use when they’re talking informally. They use it when they’re chatting to friends in the pub, at home or in the street.

It’s important to learn English slang because native English speakers use it a lot. So, it’ll help you follow conversations, and avoid any embarrassing situations.

But what’s the best way to learn English slang? Unfortunately, there isn’t much about slang in course books. And very often, the words might not even appear in dictionaries. In fact, you’ll probably only hear it in films or TV series, or when you listen to native English speakers.

So, just to help you, here are some popular slang terms. We don’t suggest you use the words, but it’s important to understand the meaning of them so you can follow native English conversations more easily.

1 WONKY 2 DODGY 3 IN A JIFFY

If someone or something is a bit “dodgy”, If a piece of furniture (a table, for example) you don’t trust it or you think it’s a bit If you do something “in a jiffy”, you do it is “wonky”, it’s unstable and keeps moving dangerous. very soon – in a short time. from side to side. A There’s some leftover chicken on A Have you finished that report yet? A Shall we move tables? the table if you want. B No, but you’ll have it on your desk B Yeah, this one is really wonky. B No, thanks. It looks a bit dodgy to me. in a jiffy.

14 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Want to do an internship with Hot English? For more information, e-mail: [email protected] 4 A MUG 5 ALL RIGHT? 6 CHEERS

A “mug” is a stupid or naïve person. “All right?” is often used to mean, You can use “cheers” to say thanks. A He paid more than £50 for the “How are you?” A I paid some money into your phone when it’s only worth about £10. A All right? account. B What a mug! B Not bad, thanks. B Cheers. I really appreciate it.

7 CRAM 8 NICE ONE 9 TO FAFF AROUND

If you “cram” things in, you force a lot of You can use the expression “nice one” to If someone is “faffing around”, they’re them into a small space. mean “well done”. wasting time. A How did you get to the beach? A We won all our games in the A Stop faffing around in the B We all crammed into the back of competition. bathroom. We’re waiting for you! Petra’s van. B Nice one! B All right! I’m coming!

10 A SPOT OF 11 TO DISS SOMEONE 12 TO BUDGE UP

If you ask someone to “budge up” on a “A spot of” something is a little bit of it. If you “diss” someone, you’re rude or bench (for example), you ask them to move a A What’s up? Can I help? disrespectful to them. bit and make space so you can sit down too. B No, it’s all right. I was just having a A Are you dissing me? A Could you budge up a bit, please? spot of trouble with the car. B No, I’d never do that! B Yes, sure.

13 TO GO PEAR-SHAPED 14 SOD’S LAW 15 BOTCH UP

If you “botch something up”, you do it If something “goes pear-shaped”, it goes “Sod’s law” is another version of Murphy’s very badly. very badly. Law, which states the following: “Whatever A Did you manage to put up the A How are your shares doing? can go wrong, will go wrong!” shelves? B They were doing really well, but A The one day this week I didn’t take B No, I botched it up. As soon as I then last month it all went pear- an umbrella, it poured down with rain. put a book on one of the shelves, the shaped and I lost everything. B Sod’s law! whole thing fell down.

FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 15 TRACK 09 SLANG ENGLISH LANGUAGE EXERCISE Complete the sentences with the words from below. ANSWERS ON PAGE 47

mug wonky spot cheers nice diss faffing law cram botched right dodgy jiffy budge pear

1 2 3

It was just a simple job – putting in a new Sorry I’m late. I was having a of light – but he really it up and I’ll have the work you were asking about trouble with the car. now it doesn’t work at all. finished in a . 4 5 6

This table is really . I asked her to up on the bench There wasn’t much room, but they managed Shall we move? so I could sit down too. to into the back of Pete’s van. 7 8 9

That food on that plate looks a bit A Just when I needed the phone for an to me. I wouldn’t eat it if I He paid more than £5,000 for the car when emergency, the battery ran out. were you. You might end up in hospital or it’s only worth about £1,000. He’s such a B Sod’s ! something! ! 10 11 12

It was all going well until the band A You’re an idiot! cancelled at the last minute then it all went A I finished all the work on time. B Don’t me! -shaped. B one! 13 14 15

He was around in the kitchen A All ? for hours – we didn’t have lunch until A I left your keys on the table. B Yeah, not bad, thanks. about 4pm. B .

16 / www.learnhotenglish.com / For Skype / Phone speaking classes, e-mail [email protected] ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 Ridiculous Requests Ridiculous Requests 2. 4. 3. The useof“how” e. e. d. c. b. a. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 1. Complete thesentences below. withtheadjectives when we want to know abouttheextent ofsomething. were beingusedup.” We use can “how” +anadjective wanted to control how fastofficesupplies Look from “...managers at thearticle, thisextract 3. 2. 1. beginnings (1to 5)withtheendings(a-e). again. Read thearticle Then, match thesentence Pre-reading activity. once andcompareRead thearticle your ideasfrom the whilst delivering letters. For workers postal example:All must sing each oftheworkers below. ifyouSee invent can work-related aridiculous request for 4 3 2 5 1 clever Office employees Customer services department employees Customer employees servicesdepartment Postal workers Telephone operators

TRACK 10

Discussion Languagefocus ReadingII ReadingI Pre-reading We how wantto know can run. I can’t believe how really is. I’d how to know like is.piece ofstring …walk faster. up.…locked went timethey to thetoilet. …every …say “hi” in. whowalked to everyone were…they really out ofink. Employees ataclothesshophadto… sign abook… At onecompany, employees hadto A receptionist hadto test pensto seethat… something ridiculous? What? Why?ridiculous? something Have you ever hadto asksomeone to do ever heard? requestWhat's themostridiculous you've reasonable? Why? Which request isthemostridiculous/ We wantto seehow onecompany,In allofficesupplies were… Postal have workers beentold to… long fast Receptionists Work becomingmoredemandingwithridiculousdemands. Shop assistants cold theroom is. she he the You couldn’t make itup ! clothes manufacturerthatwasn’t soldintheshop. were alsoforbidden to wear any clothingwithalogoof into theshop. whowalked to absolutely everyone They And ataclothesshop, allemployees were told to say “hi” space. ordered inthecentre exactly oftheparking to park company,in apaper-manufacturing employees were timeconsuming.the simplesttasksextremely And weredirect bossunlessthey to. talked This made often speak directlyto theowners oranyone above their anothercompany,In employees weren’t allowed to that theiremployees soundedsufficiently “happy”. managers would review At times, theconversations were recorded. Later, wouldon thephonesothey “sound more friendly”. were ordereddepartment to smilewhiletalking anothercompany, In staff inthecustomer services attendance books. the toilet, were they required to sign the “in” and “out” wanted timethey to goto minute. Andevery every theday, didduring they everything accounting for At anothercompany, employees hadto document control how fastoffice supplieswere beingused anothercompanyideas. managers wanted In to But there are lotsmore companieswithridiculous aren’tthat, they even.” paidovertime have larger rounds longerhoursandontop, work ofall Communication Workers Union. meansworkers “This at 3km/h,” for explainedaspokesperson the deliver mail. Previously staffhadatarget to walk have whenthey beentold to walkat7km/h hadtothey walk faster. “Postmen andwomen recent to behappy withthespeedofdelivery. So, ina for bossesattheRoyal Mail. They don’t seem feet from Butthatisn’t allthewalking. enough customers, viciousdogsandsore with angry letters across thecountry. They have to putup the cold, rain,heatandsnow inorder to deliver day,Every hundreds ofpostalworkers brave H , postal workers wereruling, postalworkers informed that LotsofFREE contentwhenyou followusonFacebook! of absurd work-related demands. Here atwork? ridiculous are afew examples ave you ever beentold to dosomething up. So, allthecupboards anddrawers containing supplieswere locked up. had to prove order to pen,employeesIn getanew . The receptionist entirely outofink. was in charge of the key towho wasincharge the ofthekey supply cupboards hadto test thepen that shewasgiven before shecould give one. outanew the sound files to make sure thesoundfiles to make thattheoldpenwas

/

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to invent something to make somethingup a jobthat you have to do a task to check to review video file to putsound/imagesonanaudio/ to record to give anexplanation for to account for to record officially to document etc. chemicalsubstance inapen) with nomore ink(theblue/black, out ofink to demonstrate to prove vb to closewithakey to up lock use inanoffice job pens /pencilspaper, etc. that you office supplies hours normal timethat youextra work your after overtime he/she takeswhendelivering letters a postalworker’s “round” istheroute a round an objective a target a formal decision; aregulation a ruling too much walking becauseyou –often have been hurt if you have "sore feet", your feet sore feet and accept it something bad, you have to tolerate if you have to “put upwith” to putup with to someone’s house/office, etc. goods/letters,to etc. take/transport to deliver cold even thoughitisvery if you “brave” thecold, you goout to brave houses letters/parcelstaking to people’s someone whosejobconsists of workera postal GLOSSARY n

n n n vb n

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vb

exp exp n n

exp ridiculous!

This is /

17

RIDICULOUS REQUESTS HOW TO... SPEAK ENGLISH HOW TO... fillers isalsocommon. These include words andexpressions standard Englishandeven errors. The useofconversational talkatthesame time),repetition,speakers mumbling, non- These includehesitation,silences, over-lapping (whenboth There are several interesting features interaction. ofspoken and tone ofvoice canalsoaffect theconversation. paralinguistic elementssuchasbodylanguage, voice pitch feels. andhow theotherspeaker of speaking, Ontop ofthat, the timeofday, your physical andmentalstate atthetime your motivation,whoyou’re to, speaking where you are and how candetermine wellof factors theconversation goes: together ideasandwork forward to communicate. Anumber theconversationconstruct together. They listen, respond, put Smoothly? Badly?Basically, inaninteraction thespeakers back to thelastconversation you had. How diditgo? there interaction isnoclearstructure. spoken Justthink In negotiation. a formal ora discussion,adebate, anargument, aninterview manyexchanging forms: cantake acasualchat, information. It any ormore inwhich two communicative peopleare act L Useful informationonhowtododifferentthingsinEnglish. SERIES ON SPEAKING ENGLISH. THIS IS THE SECOND OF A TWO-PART THIS MONTH, HOW TO... SPEAK ENGLISH. Idioms booklets 18 audio files. Booklets comewith imagesand like anativeEnglish speaker! improve yourEnglish andspeak Learn hundredsofidioms,really

/ LOTS OF FREE CONTENT WHEN YOU FOLLOW US ON TWITTER! www.learnhotenglish.com other people). Spoken interaction basicallyrefers interaction other people).Spoken to with (speaking/conversing interaction spoken producing words). This month,we’re at looking production(simply atspoken ast month,we looked / Want todoaninternship withHotEnglish?For moreinformation, e-mail:[email protected] SPEAK ENGLISH SPEAK ENGLISH booklets from... Get yourIdioms Tap heretobuy! Have fun!Andgoodluck! and, above all, bequick! bold, orcomment.Be bebrave or even withastory contribute you feel you comfortable, canuseoneofthe fixed expressions, up andfollow theconversation asbest you can. Then, when when itinvolves native speakers. to keep isto justtry The key isnever easy, interaction Participating inspoken especially Why wasthat?/ Who saidthat?” mean. / You thefeeling. cansay /Iknow thatagain./Really? / speaker, orasaway ofshowing sympathy, what you “I know the are usedasaway ofencouragingOthers orsupporting about it!/ You’re joking?” following things, “Yeah, course. /Iknow. /Of right. / Tell me of fixed expressions.Some are designed to show that you are conversation, little. In we getby usealot withvery actually intheconversation, youWhen itcomesto can participating to say. istrying to outwhatthespeaker work to listen outfor to usethisinformation these, andthento try words are notpronounced soclearly. So, you needto beable stressed oftheother Most (usuallythenounsandverbs). wordsa stress-timed languageandthatonlythekey are thingto remember isthatEnglish The mostimportant speechandwordall aboutconnected andsentence stress. particularly inthisseries), pronunciation (seeprevious articles toto English dothis, allaboutthekeys you needto know to say.meaning ofwhattheotherpersonistrying order In thingisto atall. captureclearly So, the themostimportant word. inmany cases, fact, peoplewon’t In very bespeaking what isbeingsaid. This doesn’t meanunderstanding every same time. islistening to –your understand ability skill The key atthe –they’re listening andspeaking and productive skills are thespeakers usingbothreceptive theinteraction, During Harrison: Brooke: Harrison: Brooke: Harrison: conversation: native-speaker sentences. Justlookatthisexamplefrom ofa atranscript andcomplete few peoplespeakingrammatically-correct what they’re goingto say. Finally, very interaction, inspoken to thinkabout or allow holdthefloor while they thespeaker really meananything, butwhichare designed to fillspace, such as “er /Imean” /like /erm and know”,“you whichdon’t Yeah, and, to... like, I,Itry Looking? me... people andthey’re, they’re, like, at looking I mean,was cycling, andthere’s cycling two Oh, yeah? down thestreet. So, theotherday, Iwas, erm,walking, walking

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PHOTO MAGIC LISTENING PHOTOS OF THE MONTH FROM THE NEWS. Can you think of anything to write in the speech bubbles? Have a competition in class or at home.

Photo 1 Former U.S. presidents and first ladies pose with former President George H.W. Bush at the funeral of his wife, Barbara Bush, in Houston on 21st April 2018. Festival Fun Ancient festivals that are still going strong. ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 1 Pre-listening Match the words (1 to 6) to the pictures (a-f). Can you think of any more “festival-related” words. See if you can make a description of a festival with some of these words. 1. A procession FUN FESTIVAL & MAGIC PHOTO 2. A dancer 3. Acrobats a 4. A flame thrower b 5. A feast 6. A goddess

c d

Photo 2 North Korea’s Kim Jong-un and South Korea’s Moon Jae-in 2 Listening I plant a tree for peace at the border between North and South Korea. You are going to listen to someone f talking about four different festivals. e Listen once. Which one sounds the most interesting? Why? 1. The Nevruz Festival 2. The Day of the Dead 3. Esala Perahera 4. The Marriage of the Trees 3 Listening II Listen again. Where is each festival from? Choose from the countries below. Then, match the countries to the names of the festivals (1 to 4) from Listening I. Sri Lanka Italy Mexico Turkey 4 Listening III Listen again. Then, write a very short description of each festival.

Photo 3 Singer , representing Israel, wins the 5 Language focus Grand Final of the 2018 at Altice Arena The Second Conditional in . Look at this extract from the listening, “Now, if you wanted to see a Mexican festival, the end of October would be a good time.” The speaker has used a Second Conditional construction (“if” + a Past Simple verb / “would” + an infinitive verb). Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. If I had a million dollars, I (buy) a house by the beach. 2. I would pay you a lot of money if you (tell) me the answer. 3. She (be) really happy if you invited her to the party. 4. They wouldn’t mind if you (borrow) their car.

6 Discussion 1. Have you heard about or seen any of these festivals? Give details. 2. What interesting festivals are there from your country/ city/town, etc.? 3. Which international festival would you most like to go to? Why?

FREE subscription if you recommend Hot English Language Services to your company. E-mail [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 19 The top 10 things to do in Poland. By Natalia T. Piekarowicz. Amazing World: Poland POLAND IS A BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY WITH A LONG HISTORY AND LOTS OF INTERESTING THINGS TO SEE. HERE’S OUR LIST OF THE BEST PLACES TO VISIT.

AMAZING WORLD: POLAND POLAND WORLD: AMAZING Sopot and 17th centuries the town charming village in the south special viewpoints: Kawcza Sopot is in was an important trading with mountain activities such as Gora (which is about 70 metres the north of centre for grain along the river, sledging and skating, and is only above sea level), and Gosan Poland next to and it has a Renaissance feel 20 km from Zakopane. (about 100 metres above sea the Baltic Sea. to it. level). The park has rare plants It’s a popular summer tourist Gdansk and wildlife including sea-eagles destination and a health spa Mazury This Gothic- and 16 kinds of orchids. It is also with the longest wooden pier Lake style city is a European bison sanctuary. in Europe (515.5 metres). It District well worth a is also famous for the Sopot The Mazury visit. Gdansk is Cracow International Song Festival, Lake District is where the Solidarity movement Cracow’s Main the largest musical event after in the east of Poland. It consists was created by political activist Market Square the Eurovision Song Contest. of about 2,700 lakes which Lech Wałęsa. He played a big is Europe’s Before leaving, try “gofry” are connected by a network of part in ending Communist rule largest (waffles) with whipped cream streams, canals and rivers. It’s a all over Central Europe. While medieval marketplace and blueberries (or other great place for fishing, boating you’re there, buy some amber (comparable in size and toppings). They’re delicious! or water sports. jewellery – it’s one of the few greatness with St Mark’s places where you can find it. Square in Venice). Polish kings Wroclaw Warsaw came here the day after their Wroclaw is Some of the Malbork coronation. Also in Cracow you the fourth key attractions Castle can find Sukiennice (the Cracow largest city in in Warsaw are Malbork Cloth Hall), the oldest shopping Poland. It’s in the palaces Castle was mall in the world. From Cracow, the south on the Oder River. and the parks. The Royal Baths built in 1230 you can visit Auschwitz, the There’s a 14th-century town Park was designed in the 17th by Teutonic Knights who infamous concentration hall in its beautiful market century in baroque style. There arrived on the banks of the camp where more than 1.5 square. To see the city, just are two palaces there, both Vistula River and settled there. million people died. It’s a very follow the “path of dwarfs” from the 17th century: The The castle passed into Polish emotional experience. (small, metal creatures). They’re Palace on the Water, and the hands in the 15th century. designed to point out the top Palace on the Island. For the next three centuries, Salt Mine sights. There’s one next to the Wilanow Palace is another Malbork Castle served as the The 700-year- Psychology and Languages spectacular palace. It is in royal residence for Polish old Wieliczka Department of the University Wilanow Park, and it was built kings during their annual Salt Mine is an of Wroclaw sitting there in in the 17th century by King Jan visit to Pomerania. The castle underground deep thought. III Sobieski. The palace has a is among the largest brick labyrinth. It reaches a depth huge art collection including structures in Europe. There’s of 327 metres and is over 300 Kazimierz paintings, books, porcelain, a hotel in the castle grounds kilometres long, with a 3.5-km Dolny drawings and manuscripts. The where you can stay. touring route for visitors (about This is a grounds are also impressive 1% of the total length of the small town and include a lake and a lovely Wolin mine’s passages). There are in eastern stream surrounded by a forest. National historic statues, mythical figures Poland on the eastern bank Park and several chapels and multi- of the Vistula River. Since the Zakopane Wolin National level chambers that have been 19th century it has become a Zakopane is in Park is one carved from the salt. There are popular holiday destination, a large valley of the smallest national parks also subterranean lakes with a especially for artists. It’s about between in Poland, but also one of the ghost-like light that reflects off a two-hour car ride from the the Tatra most spectacular. There are them. capital city Warsaw, so it’s Mountains and Gubalowka Hill steep cliffs overlooking the also a weekend getaway in the south, and it’s a great place Baltic Sea to the north, with So, when are you coming to destination. During the 16th for skiing. Bialka Tatrzanska is a breathtaking views from two Poland?

20 / www.learnhotenglish.com / For Skype / Telephone speaking classes, e-mail [email protected] POLISH HISTORY TIMELINE POLAND HAS HADALONG ANDTRAGIC HISTORY. WARSAW the Celestial Spheres, of theRevolutions On publishes Kopernik) (Mikolaj Copernicus into onestate. Poland andLithuania Parliament unifies (Sejm) of thePolish nation. recognised asthebirth Bohemia. This isformally of Dabrowka marrying after Christianity to He converts first recorded leader. 1573 1569 1543 14 1364 10 culturally. economically and prospers the country Empire. However, and theOttoman Tatars,Knights, Russia including Teutonic against several enemies There are many wars universities. is oneofEurope’s first founded inCracow. It becomes dominant. the Polania tribe the mid-10thcentury, TH TH century century – The Sejm – Nicolaus –Nicolaus – The Polish – A university is – Auniversity claiming guarantees earth earth that the Duke Duke 966 equality equality religious revolves Mieszko I Mieszko to Roman the sun. around Poland’s becomes Jews, Catholics, – – By – By – in their portion of in theirportion Prussia doesthesame the Russianpartition. the officiallanguageof Russian culture, making to eradicate Polish years, Russiaattempts the ruled by Russia.Over is The portion eastern the Congress of Vienna. is dividedby thealliesat Napoleonic wars, Poland the Poles. for leaving asmallpart among themselves, Austria) dividePoland (Russia, Prussia and neighbours powerful from Cracow to Warsaw. ismovedcapital city what is left ofPoland.what isleft Prussia over take halfof 1815 1807 1794 1793 1700 1596-1609 and plague. as aresult ofthewar is reduced to 6million population of10million and Cossacks. Poland’s the helpof Tartars independence, butitis rebellion for Polish a starts Kosciuszko the Duchy of Warsaw. creates aPolish state, Christians andMuslims.Christians Protestants, Orthodox –At theendof – Tadeusz –Russiaand s –Napoleon –Poland’s three –Poland’s not strong not strong – Sweden 1655-60 to defeat enough Poland invades the with Russians. CRACOW For company classesorprivatetuition, contact:[email protected] Belarus. and western Ukraine Russians. Poland gains army defeats the War, Jozef Pilsudski’s some autonomy. are allowed to retain Poles Galician partition, Under theAustrian thePoles.Germanicise Poland, attempting to of WorldI. War independent attheend 1918 1926 1919 1914-18 1890 September 1939 eastern Polandeastern on 17th Soviet Unioninvades andthe September; western Poland on1st invadesNazi Germany western Prussia. Versailles gives Poland continues to prosper. and Polish culture The economy stabilises ofPoland.himself dictator the United States. of 22million)emigrate to Poles (out ofapopulation approximately 4million poverty. Upuntil1914, emigration dueto mass experiences one another. obliged to fightagainst andare Austrian armies – Theof Treaty –Poland becomes – Pilsudski makes Pilsudski makes – s – Poland – (World War I) – (World forced Poles are into the into the and and German, Russian, 1919-20 the – During Soviet Polish- –

elected Pope.elected Heisthe Archbishop ofCracow, is independent trade union independent tradeunion to organise into an are allowedworkers the Shipyard inGdansk, crumble. At theLenin cause theeconomy to movement. violent, socio-political into astrong, non- gradually grows of Solidarity. Solidarity as thehead is elected the next three years.the next under theNaziregime for Union. Poland remains attackstheSoviet Germany Lech Walesa. free are elections won by 1978 February 1945 June 1941 2004 1999 1990 1980 Forest Massacre (1940). including theKatyn and executions occur, September. arrests Mass international credibility.international and continuesto gain of theEuropean Union becomes amember under Sovietcontrol. agree to leave Poland the Yalta Conference and and Great meetat Britain Russia, theUnited States GDANSK –Poland joinsNATO – Karol –Karol Wojtyla, the –Poland’s first – Strikes and riots andriots –Strikes –Poland – Nazi –Nazi Italian pope pope Italian first non- in nearly in nearly 500 years. called called Strike Strike Solidarity. leader leader Walesa Lech –

.

/ www.learnhotenglish.com countries American of European andNorth organisation that consists – amilitary Atlantic the North Treaty Organisation NATO functioning if aneconomy “crumbles”, itstops to crumble an enclosedspace orcompartment a chamber building/house ofa a smallchurch that ispart a chapel hills, thesea,etc. mountains, a highplace for observing a viewpoint around you what you canseewhenyou look a view incredible; amazing;wonderful breathtaking B from Abecauseishigher if A “overlooks” B(aview),you cansee to overlook toa mountain thesea next a cliff up difficult togo angle(60º/70º,etc.)sharp andis a “steep”a hill/mountain/cliff has steep building houses/buildings blockofclaya rectangular usedfor brick jewellery for making a hard yellow-orange fossil resin used n amber you siton) sledge (awooden/plastic device that going down snow-covered hillsona sledging a smallriver a stream ofthesea not part a large area of water that is inland and a lake they live holidays. closeto isoften where It a place where peoplegofor short a getaway destination a place for tourists to visitinacity a sight a publicsquare where food issold a market square that you putontop ofotherfood food (suchascheese/chocolate, etc.) a topping square/diamond shapesonit milk andbutter. haslittle often It offooda type madewithflour, sugar, a waffle isusuallyforon walking the sea.It thata structure goesfrom landinto a pier GLOSSARY died inaplanecrash). Lech (tragically Kaczynski Ex-president: TuskDonald Prime Minister: 38 million(approximately). Population: Curie andLech Walesa. Frederic Chopin, Marie from Poland: Famous people and theRussianRepublic). (borders withGermany Location: Central Europe Capital city:Warsaw. POLAND n

n adj n abbr n

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21

AMAZING WORLD: POLAND ROBIN HOOD The kingofbandits. ABOUT HIM, AND HE’S AN IMPORTANT PART OF POPULAR CULTURE. BUT WHO WAS HE? RICH TO GIVE TO THE POOR. THERE ARE FILMS ABOUT HIM, PLAYS ABOUT HIM AND SONGS EVERYONE’S HEARD OF ROBIN HOOD – THE MAN IN GREEN TIGHTS 22 from heavy taxation and subsequent from taxation andsubsequent heavy given to poorpeoplewhoare suffering travelling through. The isthen money from merchants rich andtaxcollectors ForestSherwood (inNottingham) androb areSon) fighting againsthim. hidein They FriarScarlett, Miller’s the Tuck Much and (including LittleJohn, Will Men Merry Robin andhis ofNottingham. Sheriff from thepoor. He’s assisted by theevil under areign ofterror, taxes collecting 1422. 1422. associated Hoodsinceabout withRobin (ashisfollowers Men his bandofMerry Forestleader wholived inSherwood with say wasabandit thatRobin general. Others was usedinEnglandto refer in to criminals Hood claimthatthenameRobin Some agree wasorwhere onwhoRobin helived. sourcesWhat isclearthatnotwo seemto celebrations. Day oftheMay which isanotherpart wasareferenceMarian to Queen, theMay traditions.Celtic say Some orGermanic that honour some oftheseceremonies are stillheldin appeared Day inMay ceremonies. fact, In (similar inappearanceto Hood) Robin traditions. Figures suchastheGreen Man to hasalsobeenconnected folk Robin stood”). HoodinSherwood “Robin scherewode stod” (whichisoldEnglishfor, begins, 15th century “Robyn hodein from R

/ www.learnhotenglish.com . One ballad from the early ballads. Oneballadfrom theearly stories about Robin Hood come Hoodcome aboutRobin stories 13th Century. Many oftheearliest obin Hoodfirstappearsinthe the Green Man in countries with with of theGreen incountries Man is Maid Marian, a beautiful abeautiful Marian, is Maid poverty. Robin’s love interest Some say Some thatabookby as others give hisbirthplace However,became known). Forest is close to thetown of noblewoman. Sherwood Adventures Hood ofRobin Howard Pyle, The Merry Yorkshire. Andanothersite Loxley, South Sheffieldin arch-nemesis, the Sheriff of arch-nemesis, of theSheriff Nottingham where Robin’s influence onthemodern- (1883), hashadthemost Hood’sRobin Well) hasbeen in Yorkshire as (now known Prince rulesEngland John day Pyle’s legend. In story, / For Skype/ Telephone speaking classes,e-mail [email protected] by MartinQuinn

happily ever after. Hurrah! alllive andthey throne, Marian, marries Robin Richardisrestoredrescues Marian. to the henchman, SirGuyofGisbourne, and Prince John’s the Sheriff’s coronation, kills disrupts the meantimehasmetking, is captured by theSheriff.Robin, whoin the murder plotisthwarted, butMarian However, thebanditsand alerts Marian brother andhave himselfcrowned. king followers. Prince plansto John murder his but isrecognised by oneofPrince John’s hasreturnedRichard to Englandindisguise, execution atthegallows. Meanwhile, King (withMarian’sMen help)rescue from Robin wins, but isthenarrested. However, hisMerry The Adventures of of themostfamouswasThe Adventures of accounts, acruelandunpopularruler. brother, Prince ruled. John, was, John by all in theHolyLand. While hewasaway, his and spentmuchofhistimeonCrusades asRichard theLionheart, He wasknown Nottingham, has his headquarters. Nottingham, hashisheadquarters. “Robin Hood, Robin Hood, riding through the glen. the through riding Hood, Robin Hood, “Robin Feared by the bad, loved by the good, the by loved bad, the by Feared Robin Hood, Robin Hood, with his band of men. of band his with Hood, Robin Hood, Robin Robin Hood, Robin Hood, Robin Hood. ” Hood. Robin Hood, Robin Hood, Robin In the 20th century, the legend the20thcentury, thelegend In popular topic for films. These Hoodbecamea of Robin on fact. During the 12th the12th During on fact. isbased ofthisstory Much stories of the legendary ofthelegendary stories were basedontraditional state ofturmoil. of The king century, Englandwasina Robin filmswasRobin the earliest English folk hero. Oneof reigned from 1189to 1199. England wasRichard I,who Douglas Fairbanks.Douglas Andone Hood (1922),whichstarred But that’s nottheonly (1991 – starring of Thieves (1991–starring Hood:PrinceIn Robin film. Norman Norman Costner), isa Robin Kevin East with a Moorish East withaMoorish returns from theMiddle Morgan Freeman).Morgan The companion (played by (1938 – Hood(1938– Robin In this film, Robin is Robin is thisfilm, In Errol Flynn). starring the a competition. He competition. He enters anarchery Normans. Robin Saxon lord, and who crusader who are baddies are as strong asever. Hoodis seems thatthelegendofRobin It dream,”American heclaimedatthetime. house, pay theirdebtsandwinback their people. goal isto save“My someone’s won atcasinosinLas Vegas to poor He promised to donate any he money created awebsite www.Robinhood702.com. A professional gamblerintheStates once themselves Hood withtheRobin “brand”. But itisn’t whoassociate onlycriminals hero for thehelphegave to them. Escobar hadhispowerbase) considerhima dwellers inColombia (where ofMedellín of deaths. However, many ofthepoor slum may have beenresponsible for hundreds inhistory, and of thebiggestdrug-traffickers 1993), isanotherexampleofthis. Hewasone Colombian druglord, Pablo Escobar(1949- Australian (1854-1880). outlaw NedKelly The US gangster AlCapone (1899-1947)and have beenlikened to Hood, Robin including or disadvantaged. Many famous criminals used to refer to outlaws whohelpthepoor ofpopularculture. nameisoften His part These days, Hoodisanimportant Robin One of the most recent TV series in the UK intheUK One ofthemostrecent series TV isherbungling leader andRobin isthe Marian thisseries,seasons. Maid In thatranfor inBritain series several TV popularchildren’sMen wasavery comedy in Tights (1993). Hood:Men HoodwithhisfilmRobin Robin of Brooks Mel parodied thestory king asmercenaries foracting theSheriff. Comedy andCelticincluding witchcraft warriors elements were introduced to thestory, Richard). More (asKing Connery and Sean (astheSheriff) Rickman film alsostarred Alan WHO STOLE FROM THE was Robin Hood has been a Hoodhasbeena Robin and had a number of unusual and hadanumberofunusual ranfor series three seasons shows, too. Atelevision in popular character TV that Robin receivesthat Robin helpfrom , includingthefact twists , starring Jason Jason , starring of Sherwood fromseries the1980s, Robin wearing Watchman, whois another Connery (Sean Connery’s Connery’s (Sean Connery actually awoman. actually Maid Marian son), waswell received. (2006). The (2006). The Hood Robin

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Robin Hood One of the more recent film versions of this English folk hero is Robin Hood (2010). It’s directed by Ridley Scott and stars Russell Crowe (who plays the part of Robin) and Cate Blanchett (who plays King Richard I the part of Maid Marion). The Richard I (1157-1199) was the film starts after the death king of England from 6th July of King Richard, and follows 1189 to 6th April 1199. He was the life of the famous outlaw one of the most important and his female companion. Christian commanders of the Interestingly, director Ridley Third Crusade (1189-1192). Scott was going to portray Richard I (also known as the Sheriff of Nottingham Richard the Lionheart) won as heroic, but this was later several victories against changed. Saladin (1137-1193) – a Kurdish Muslim leader who fought against the Crusaders. King John King John of England (1167-1216) was the successor to the throne of England after his brother, Richard the Lionheart, died GLOSSARY tights n in 1199. King John ruled clothing that covers the legs from the from 6th April 1199 until waist to the feet a ballad n 19th October 1216. During a song (often with a story in it) King Richard’s absence to hold vb in the crusades, Prince John attempted to take over if an event is “held” somewhere, it happens in that place control of England. King John is best-known as the king in honour of exp who signed the Magna Carta in 1215 – a document that if something is done "in honour of" someone, it is done as a mark of respect limited the powers of a king and helped pave the way for for that person constitutional law in the English-speaking world. a bandit n a successful robber a tax n Robin Hood money paid to the government for Robin Hood is a legendary services: education, police, teachers, etc. a merchant n English folk hero from the a person who buys and sells goods 12th or 13th century who for a profit a Saxon n is probably based on a real a member of the West Germanic tribe bandit, but no one is really that invaded Britain in the 5th and 6th sure. He is generally portrayed as centuries. At the time of Robin Hood, Saxons were mostly poor farmers who a supporter of King Richard I. He spoke a language which later became is accompanied in the legends modern English the baddies n by his band of Merry Men who the bad, evil, cruel people in a story/ live with him in Sherwood Forest, near Nottingham. His love film, etc. interest is Maid Marian, a noblewoman. a Norman n a member of a tribe from northern France. Normans invaded England in 1066. Many Normans became The Green aristocrats in England Man gallows n The Green Man is a mythical a structure used for hanging people (killing them with a rope around the neck) being from many northern in disguise exp European countries (although with clothes that make you look similar characters have been different or that hide your identity to crown king exp found in the Middle East and if someone is “crowned king”, they are Asia). The Green Man has declared king in an official ceremony to thwart vb been connected with the to prevent from happening; to stop Celtic nature god Cernunnos, a henchman n as well as Medieval characters such as Puck and Jack in the a person who does violent, cruel or dishonest things for his/her master Green. Robin Hood is often associated with the Green Man, a crusader n most probably because they were both benevolent and both a soldier who went on the military expeditions to the Holy Land (Jerusalem) lived in forests. to parody vb to make fun of a book/film/story by doing a funny version of it The May bungling adj Queen a “bungling” person does things badly The May Queen is a common and often makes mistakes a sidekick n tradition with roots in a close friend or follower of someone. paganism. The May Queen The “sidekick” is of inferior status a twist n is a teenage girl who leads an unexpected event in a story processions on May Day, the an outlaw n first day of summer. Marian a person who is hiding from the police/law has become associated with to liken to exp the May Queen through her to compare to a slum n association with Robin Hood. Some say that the May Queen an urban area with poor houses with used to be killed as a human sacrifice, but this is thought to no electricity, water, etc. be anti-pagan propaganda. a dweller n a person who lives in an area

For company classes or private tuition, contact: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 23 RUSSELL CROWE By ChristineBohn Australia’s hardmanactor. 24 wanted to further moved to Australia ashisparents C in thisfilm. Actor for hispart an Oscarfor Best gladiator. Crowe won is forced to becomea generalwho Roman of Maximus, a the part Gladiator. Crowe played Scott’srole inRidley film Crowe took thelead film inthe Oscar for hispart was nominated for an the1950s.Angeles during Crowe cop investigating inLos corruption quick-tempered California southern ofBud played thepart White, a film bigbreak camewitharole His in the as DrFrank NFurter Horror inThe Rocky yearshe spenttwo (1986-88)touring Australian productionofGrease. Later, singing anddancingonstageinan Australia. Within ayear, hegotapart At theageof21,Crowe returned to Brando”. single, “I Just Want Marlon to beLike the1980s, hereleasedle Roq. In a singerusingthestagenameRuss this time, Crowe pursued moved backto Zealand. New During When Crowe was14,hisfamily series Australian TV atage6inanepisodeofthe as anactor set designers. Crowe madehisdebut ACTOR. THIS MULTI-TALENTED THERE’S MUCH MORE TO GLADIATOR HIS ROLE IN THE FILM AND HE WON ONE FOR OSCAR AS BEST ACTOR; SEVERAL TIMES FOR AN BEEN NOMINATED SONG-WRITER. HE’S ACTOR, SINGER AND A WORLD-FAMOUS RUSSELL CROWE IS

/ www.learnhotenglish.com The Insider.Later, Confidential (1997).CroweLA At theageoffour, hisfamily Zealand 1964. on7thApril rowe inNew wasborn (1990). was inThe Crossing (1990). firstmajorfilmShow role . His He also starred in the TV He alsostarred inthe TV Romper controversial filmRomper series Stomper (1992). Police , andthe Rescue

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‘Imagine having adaughter! Alittleyou “I want 17orsokids. Isay to my wife, the time. I’m notarrogant, I’m focused.” “People accuse meofbeingarrogant all defeat.”cannot “I’m destinedto beattracted to thoseI I’m reading it [thescript],thenIcan’t doit.” “If I don’t get the to work attrying thehighestlevel Ican.” slowed down by people’s criticism.I’m just driven by people’s praiseandI’m not thingto meisthat“The I’m important not disappeared attack.” from someMartian in England, andifthecontinent ofAfrica tidal wave, ifthere was abubonicplague and Australia were swallowed a upby “I’d move to Los Angeles ifNew Zealand beautiful heart.” greater isto gift discover a beautiful mind, butaneven “Perhaps itisgoodto have a receptionist. assault after throwing aphoneat ahotel In 2005,hewas charged withsecondary Rabbitohs rugby team. Sydneythe South joint ownership of fanandhas sports Crowe isabig Quotes Trivia string to another my bow! This is factor when when factor goose-bump home in rural Australia to build a swimming pool. home inrural Australia to buildaswimmingpool. he gave schoolnearhis $200,000to aprimary that once gave $250,000to rebuild aschoollibrary He hasdonated lotsofmoneyto charity. He His nickname isRusty. andMaoridescent.He isofNorwegian more glorious thantheywere priorto that.” a “My inthemorningwith days, iftheystart director. it’s But justbetter ifyou do.” scene withhim. You don’t have to like a “You don’t have to like to anactor doa one willletme.” “I’d like to play passionate women, butno of acombination ofthetwo things.” are, soI’ve quite happy-go-lucky gotkind very of bothcultures. New Zealanders tend to be “I grew upinAustralia, soI’ve gotaspects enough for himto watch.” movies, buthesays theyare notgood my films. Charlie knows that daddymakes “My children have never watched any of around withadeadkoala onyour back!” fromcuddle my son,are justsomuch running around!’ Shejustsmilesand “I hate having longhair–it’s like walking nods andsays ‘Yeah, yeah ...no.’” ; and on another occasion, burnt down; andonanotheroccasion, persistent, you know? And Australians of showing that you love them put your around arms themasaway if you give someone a “cuddle”, you a cuddlen andcontentcalm, easy-going someone whois “happy-go-lucky” is adj happy-go-lucky are difficulties stops andcontinues even when there someone whois “persistent” never persistent adj important/special they are very someone whois “arrogant” thinks arrogant frightened, excited oremotional becauseyoubody often are cold, appearonyour areas ofraised skin if you get “goose-bumps”, little goose-bumps doingthingsmore slowly to start to slow down positive criticism praise are motivated by that thing if you are “driven” by something, you to driven be a large massofhighwater inthesea a tidalwave under thewater country, disappears that city/country if abodyofwater “swallows up” acity/ to swallow up completely destroyed by fire if abuilding down”,“burns it is to burn down inafilm part the mostimportant a leadrole cities/countries, playing there if aband “tours”, ittravels to different to tour so theycanbuyit to makeasongavailable to thepublic to release asingle (your profession/job) to dothingsrelated to your career to pursue acareer an interior scene inafilm for a personwhomakesthescenery a filmsetdesigner career (your profession/job) to dosomethingthat benefits your your careerto further GLOSSARY (2005). Cinderella(2005). Man Commander (2003)and (2001),MasterMind and Gladiator (2000),ABeautiful (1997), (1990), films includeThe Crossing of Crowe’s most famous Charlie and Tennyson. Some Spencer. They have two sons, Zealand. Hiswife isDanielle 1964 in Wellington, New He was bornon7thApril singer andsong-writer. Russell Ira Crowe isanactor, CroweRussell n vb

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Australia’s elegantstar. by Martin Scorsese. by Martin Aviator (2004),whichwas directed for inthefilm herperformance Role for Actress Best inaSupporting this. Sheeventually won anOscar ActressBest inaLeading for Role She gotanOscarnomination for 1997 filmParadise, playing Road the inthe became famousfor herpart began hercareer intheatre. She which shesaidyes. extra towhether shewould bean like by aguestathotelwas asked to Egypt, atrip she of 18.During film role cameattheage she wasonlyten years old. Herfirst executive,advertising diedwhen father, aUSnaval officerand sister andparents. Her Texas-born C BY CHRISTINE BOHN TALENTED ACTRESSES. OF AUSTRALIA’S MOST BUTTON CASE OF BENJAMIN AND RIPLEY THE TALENTED MR SUCH AS ELIZABETH HER ROLES IN FILMS SHE’S FAMOUS FOR AND THEATRE DIRECTOR. AUSTRALIAN ACTRESS CATE BLANCHETT IS AN , to inthemovie Kaboria THE CURIOUS she lived withherbrother, Australia,Melbourne, where ate Blanchettgrew upin role ofanAustralian nurse. In 1997,shereceivedIn production ofOscar and her firstleadrole inthe Later, Blanchettmoved , profile role wasinthe Lucinda. Herfirsthigh- of the NationalInstitute to to studyat 1998 movie Elizabeth graduated, in1992, she Dramatic Art. When she Elizabeth IofEngland. in whichsheplayed THE AVIATOR . SHE’S ONE ,

It’s abitscary, actually.” know what children dolls? dowithBarbie been mouldedinminiature plastic. you But “You know you’ve madeitwhenyou’ve your daughter.”son willmarry Scorsese.“Thank you Ihopemy to Martin pretty goodat justdoingnothing.” “Believe itornot, I’m gloriously.” going to fail, thenfail “If you know you are Quotes For company classesorprivatetuition, contact:[email protected] blind eye to condemned andwe should notturna Whenever theyoccur theyare to be “Violence andracism are bad. they differ from you.” istocharacter seehow theytickandhow I thinkthejourneyofunderstandingany who seetheworld through my prism. “I’m notinterested inplaying characters unfolding before me.” There’s master nomaniacal plan.It’s just “I thinkthat’s what Ilove aboutmy life. them.” in heaven! I’m “maid”

/ www.learnhotenglish.com to ignore X to turnablindeye to X exp things that motivate/excite you the thingsthat makeyou “tick” are the to tick way ofseeingthings prism", you judgeitaccording to your your if you seesomething"through through my prism happens asyou are watching it if something"unfolds before you", it to unfold before you become successful/famous if you have “made it”, you have to make it inafilm/play,he/she acts etc. an actor’s “performance” istheway a performance attention inafilmthat receives a part alotof a high-profile role inafilm part the mostimportant a leadrole for ofyour life themajority a job/profession that you choseto do a career asamemberofcrowda film–often in part a personwithnon-speaking an extra older there asachilduntil you become if you “grow up” inanarea, you live to grow up GLOSSARY aeBlanchettCate Crystal Skull.Crystal Jones andthe trilogy,the Rings andIndiana ButtonBenjamin , Aviator, The Talented, Ripley Mr films include:Elizabeth, ofhermostfamous Some have three children together. Andrew Upton andthey andscreenwriterplaywright Australia. Sheismarriedto 14th May 1969inMelbourne, director. Shewas bornon Australian andtheatre actress Cate isan Blanchett vb n n

The Curious Case of exp n phr vb

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25

CATE BLANCHETT BOILER ROOM dishonest salespeople! Bad peoplesellingbadshares. 26 B among boilerrooms,” apolice UK iscurrently beingshared list ofpeoplefrom across the suggests thatthis “Intelligence shares.to sellworthless list” beingusedby fraudsters their detailswere on a “master peoplethat homes to warn Police recently wrote to 6,500 ofLondon(FSA) andtheCity Financial Authority Services shares inthepast. The people whohave bought room salespeopletarget quoted companies, boiler share registers oflegitimate operate. fromWorking the roomsBoiler are simpleto said.spokesperson last penny can,” ifthey apolice their vulnerable, andwilltake targetto anyone, however in boilerrooms are prepared year.every “People whowork to steal asmuch£1billion boiler rooms are estimated huge sumsofmoney. total, In with people have parted is around £20,000,butsome average lossfor mostvictims or even non-existent. The are completely worthless But inothercases, theshares listed can’t, sothey besoldon. some cases, theshares aren’t investors buy. untilthey In harassing keep and they’ll use high-pressure, tactics shares. The salespeopleoften to sellthem investors andtry rooms potential cold-call salespeople from theboiler sell stocks andshares. Tele- unregulated companiesthat common. They are basically TO TO

/ www.learnhotenglish.com HAVE YOU EVERTHOUGHTABOUTBUYINGANYSTOCKS ORSHARES?THEYCANBEAGOODWAY INVEST YOUR MONEY. BUTIFYOU EVERGETACALLFROMSTOCKBROKER OFFERINGYOU THE DEAL OFALIFETIME,THINKCAREFULLY! THEYMIGHTBEWORKING FROM ABOILERROOM. more andmore they’re becoming the world... and exist allover oiler rooms How to dealwith / For Skype/ Telephone speaking classes,e-mail [email protected] than halfayear. same boilerroom for more receivedthey callsfrom the 25% informed thepolice that purchasing shares, butabout least amonthbefore finally targets are pursuedfor at average insistent. The professional andincredibly andhighly knowledgeable confidence. willappear They a relationship andgettheir to build call atarget, trying answer. They willconstantly won’toften no for take an times. room Boiler salesmen arethey calledfour ormore agreevictims to buyafter call. halfofthe Andnearly buy shares theirfirst during areof victims persuaded to According to theFSA,15% do. goodatwhatthey very boiler room salespeopleare The mainproblem isthat targeting. are thatthey in thecountries canavoidso they investigation rooms are basedabroad, often said. spokesperson Boiler Hello! Would you liketo buy some shares? TV aboutboilerrooms, and TV sons. Hesaw aprogramme on if ithadn’t beenfor oneofher Things would have continued “necessary” amount. paid the£500,000–half investor.private Eventually, she could gohalves withanother was given the “good” she news: refused atfirst,butthenshe least £1million’s Aileen worth. them on,she’d have to buyat and thatifshewanted to sell sold to investors, corporate bought shouldonlyhave been informed thattheshares she’d followed. Butoneday, shewas educated. More investments who claimedto beCambridge were soldto herby aniceman she paid£5,000for shares that so plausible,” shesaid. First Lane.name Mayfair were “They from acompany usingthe One day, Aileen,64,gotacall a sophisticated shares fraud. her £500,000life savings to retired wholost healthworker a boilerroom scam.She’s a of wasthevictim Aileen Clark proved worthless. The FSA investment. Buttheshares of significant ontheir returns Safevest PLC withapromise and offered themshares in people company cold-called island. Salesexecutives atthis company basedinaCaribbean Another caseinvolved a past. fallen for similarscamsinthe a listofindividualswhohad whose namesappeared on company targeted investors UK investors. The FSAsaidthe Business Analytics, cold-called Fencemore and Securities 2006. The companies, two March andNovember shares between worthless were persuadedto buy 500 orsoUKinvestors who toand wasdistributed the wasrecovered,the money investors.of British Fortunately, managed to dupe£4mout companies Barcelona. These with officesin Londonand involved companies two scam Another share-selling Whitecard Capital. traded underthename businessman, thecompany investors. Led by a51-year-old million from more than500 of stealing about£2.5 caught. They were accused Eventually, thegangwere people aboutthis.” idiot outthere, sopleasewarn she warned. “I’m nottheonly are soclever, sobelievable,” so stupid, butthesepeople shares). “I feel soashamed, find themoney for yet more herhouseto re-mortgage to to convince Elizabeth trying point thefraudsters were told hismum to stop (atwhich

suspect that the friendly thatthefriendly suspect So, whatcanyou doifyou ofthisfraud.”perpetrators that posesdifficulties forthe ask more questions, and women “because victims more menthanwomen are the shares.” Interestingly, don’t ifthey action buy oflegal of thepossibility people whoare frightened This withelderly works often wasmade. contract verbal by claimingthata victims intimidatesalespeople often “Unscrupulous Department. from theEconomic Crime threats,” saidaspokesperson an increase intheuseof theyears,Over “There’s been protect you from fraudsters.” FSA register isnotenough to you isonthe contacting firm thata that merely checking addresses. e-mail This means such asphonenumbersand details changing important companies’ websites, cloned copiesoflegitimate are criminals alsousing “The explained. expert industry andindividuals,”firms an addresses ofFSA-authorised registration numbersand fraudsters usingthenames, dramatic increase inoverseas firms.“There hasbeena reputable FSA-registered masqueradeSome as and more sophisticated. operatives are gettingmore These days, boilerroom disappears withoutatrace .” firms, usually asthemoney who dealwithunauthorised israregood news for victims fraud scam.However, such ofashare aspart money persuaded to handover their to investors whohave been to recover andreturn money pleasedtoextremely beable FSA director said, are “We to themin full,” itadded. An victims, anditwillberepaid be theamountinvested by figure isbelieved to “This £270,000 from thefraud. said ithadrecovered about bad peopleout there! careful!Be There are alotof share register. name willnotappearonthe own theshares; thatway your using anomineeaccount to legitimate company, consider you dobuysharesIf from a traded. quoted shares may bethinly to beimpossibleto sell;even Unquoted shares are likely you are buyingfrom. country registeredstockbroker inthe company? Checkwithalocal offered. Isitaquoted whose shares are being Find outaboutthecompany the FSA. doubts, getintouch with orhavesuspicious firm any have by beencontacted a you arethey easilyfaked. If mentioned by theseller– not relyFSA. Do onwebsites including acheckwiththe your own inquiries, Make . up-front never sendmoney to anything away, right and or financialdetails, oragree notgiveDo out personal sounds too goodto betrue. offering somethingthat suspiciousofanyBe company difficult. isnotoriously market gainsonthestock sure-fire Remember, large, making willnotdoit. stockbrokers business isillegal, soreputable forCold-calling investment of allunsolicited calls. general, besuspicious In number isgenuine. you by thecaller)to seeifthe (not any numbergiven to the company onthatnumber switchboard number.Call look onthewebsite for a firm. For example, have a information aboutthe Find somemeansofgetting number ofsuggestions: company? The FSAhasa for afraudulent is working person at theend oftheline and sell! Get out For company classesorprivatetuition, contact:[email protected] ‘BOILER ROOM’ the name. room where boilerswere situated –hence offices wereoften close actually in,the to, or space inthebasement ofbuildings. These when telemarketers would rent cheapoffice The term room’‘boiler originates from atime it, I’m done.” close? You or him?Now berelentless . That’s sale ismade, theonlyquestionis who isgonna he sellsyou a reason hecan’t buy. Either way a (BY OFFICEMANAGER JIMYOUNG) FILM QUOTE salesman Jim salesman Jim Young (played Affleck). by Ben clients. Incharge ofthenewrecruits isveteran are soldby pushy salespeoplewhocold-call money from mysterious investments. These a jobinaninvestment businessthat makes money from anillegalcasino. day, One hegets enterprising college dropout who’s making

ROOM (2000) BOILER BOILER Seth Davis)Seth isan (playedRibisi by Affleck. GiovanniBen Diesel, Davis Seth and Younger andstars Vin is directed by Ben Room (2000) Boiler

some stock or sell theclient Either you youcall make. made onevery call’. Asaleis a ‘no-sale as no suchthing “And there is

/ www.learnhotenglish.com without stopping; withoutinterruption relentless other personto buysomething if you “close” asale, you convince the to close a container inwhichwater isheated a boiler owns theassetsinaccount is different to thepersonwhoactually a bankaccount whosenamedholder a nomineeaccount people buyorsellthem if shares are traded”,“thinly notmany thinly traded before orgoods receiving aservice if you pay money “up-front”, you pay it up-front profit that is certain gain a sure-fire are connected company where telephone numbers a telephone numberfor theplace ina a switchboard number on theotherendoftelephone at theendofline a promise to dosomethingbadto someone a threat if itisB, orisdisguisedasB if Ais “masquerading as” B, as Aisacting to masquerade asexp with noevidence/sign ofwhere itis without atrace believe it if someone “falls for” they atrick/scam, to fallfor to someoneinto trick giving money to outofsomethingexp dupe pay themoneyback ofit)ifyou can’tthe house(orpart existing mortgage. The bankkeeps return for money, orincreasing your ofyour housein apart mortgaging a way ofcreating moneyby to re-mortgage each pay 50%for something if you “go halves” withsomeone, you to gohalves exp believable; that you canbelieve plausible the course ofyour life the moneyyou have saved (kept)over life savings designeda trick to makemoney a scam peopleorbeingdishonest tricking someone whomakesmoneyby a fraudster intheUK industry regulates thefinancialservices an independent organisation that the Financial Authority Services asalisted company Also known officially traded onthe stock market. a company whoseshares canbe a quoted company company a an officiallistoftheshareholders of a share register focus your attention onthat group if you “target” group, aparticular you to target money to someone if you with”“part money, you give that with to part with novalue worthless officially traded onthe stock market a “listed” share isonethat canbe listed it to them ordowhat theywant you forasking somethinguntil you give if someone “harasses” you, theykeep to harass direct/forceful pressure tactics” are aggressive / achieve your objectives; “high- “tactics” are thethingsyou doto high-pressure n tactics People canbuyandsellshares into whichitsownership isdivided. a company’s shares are themany parts a share you know doesn't to telephone aperson/company that vb to cold-call you alotofmoney that willmake a businesstransaction the dealofalifetime exp to buyand sellshares a personwhoisqualifiedand certified a stockbroker money that isinvested an “investment” isanamount of “investor” isthepersonwhoinvests; aprofit; an with thehopeofmaking it into abankaccount orbuyshares if you “invest” your money, you put to invest GLOSSARY adj n n n vb n

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n 27

BOILER ROOM TRACK 12

YOU CHEAT! CHEAT! YOU YouThe increase Cheat! of cheating around the world. 1 Pre-reading heating is nothing new. Think of six ways to cheat in an exam. But it’s becoming a lot Use any of the words below. C more sophisticated. an MP3 player your arm Republican vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin was

ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 PAGE ON ANSWERS your leg a bottle of water caught out once. A photo a mobile phone the internet taken after the speech she’d given on a “return to a PDA your hand conservative principles” showed her left hand covered a pencil a sheet of paper with crib notes. These included the words “energy, budget cuts, tax” and For example: Writing notes on “lift Americans’ spirits”. The word “budget” had your hand. been crossed out. Video footage also showed her reading from her hand when asked what top 2 I’m such a Reading I cheat! three things a conservative-led congress should How do you think the internet has changed do. Writing notes on your hand is one way to the way people cheat? Think. Then, read the cheat in an exam. But these days, it’s a lot easier... article once to compare your ideas. especially with the internet.

3 Reading II Anyone who wants to cheat in an exam can probably find the answers online. There are Read the article again. Then, say what the hundreds of sites offering solutions to all sorts of tests. And it’s a lucrative business. One numbers refer to. operator in Oregon made $700,000 in about nine months before his arrest. The owner of a 1. $700,000 website in Ohio pocketed more than $300,000. And a famous overseas site is estimated to 2. $300,000 sell about 146,000 sets of answers and take in about $10 million per year. Actually getting 3. 2 million hold of the exam answers isn’t that hard. Some do the exam themselves and use button 4. 28% cameras or document-scanning pens to copy the tests. Others organise for a group to 5. Tens of thousands take tests repeatedly until they can memorise the entire exam GLOSSARY 6. $1,000 between them. Others simply bribe exam administrators. to cheat vb to do something illegal/dishonest in a test/exam 4 Language focus At the moment, business is booming. More and more companies to catch out phr vb if someone is “caught out”, they are Passive constructions now require their employees to take professional exams. And discovered doing something bad Look at this extract from the article, hundreds of businesses and trade organisations have introduced crib notes n notes (often on a small piece of “And a famous overseas site is formal certification programs to measure and verify employee skills. paper) that are used to cheat to lift someone’s spirits exp estimated to sell about 146,000 In the US alone, at least 2 million exams are taken every year for to do something that makes another sets of answers...” In this example, the information technology certification. But employees also have to person feel happier lucrative n writer has used a passive construction: “is/ take exams for all sorts of professions from crane operators to court that makes a lot of money are” + a past participle + an infinitive (“is reporters to school bus drivers and financial planners. to pocket vb if you “pocket” money, you take it expected to sell”). Complete the following (often dishonestly) to get hold of exp sentence beginnings with your own ideas. But more testing has led to more cheating. Test officials estimate if you “get hold of something”, you 1. He is known to have… that hundreds of thousands of test-takers have used the internet to obtain/get/receive/have it to bribe vb 2. She is rumoured to spend… buy answers for professional tests. And a recent survey found that 28 if A “bribes” B (often a person in an 3. They are thought to own… percent of test centres had at least one cheating incident over the official position), A offers B money so A can do something illegal/ 4. He is believed to be… last five years. In one incident, tens of thousands of soldiers obtained dishonest to be booming exp 5. She is thought to have… answers to tests in a range of military skills. if business is “booming”, things are going really well 5 a crane operator n Discussion Many see this as a cause for concern. For a start, there are the a person who controls/operates a 1. Do you know anyone who has financial consequences. Writing a scientifically-rigorous test can “crane” (a machine for lifting, moving very heavy objects) cheated in an exam? How did cost up to $1,000 per question. But more importantly, many tests a court reporter n a person whose job is to record they do it? are for work in sensitive areas such as defence installations and what is said in a court of law 2. What do you think of hospitals. Now, how would you feel if you knew that the people a test centre n a place where official exams/tests cheating? Is it a big problem? in charge of the computers controlling nuclear weapons might are held 3. What can be done to prevent have cheated in their tests, and may not really know what they’re a sensitive area n related to an area of national cheating? doing? That is worrying. security or one of life and death

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www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish @LearnHotEnglish Our newsletter on www.learnhotenglish.com DR FINGERS’ VOCABULARY CLINIC Stupid People Stupid People 30 a heavyload onitsback. He’s asslow asanantwith a bowlingball. He’s assharp He’s asthickastick. He’s aboutassharpamarble. OK, let’slookatsomemoreexamplesthatfollowthispattern. person andasnail.“Slow”isusedasmetaphorforbeingstupid. In thisexample,thespeakermakesanegativecomparisonbetween speedofa 2) speaker issayingthatneitherthefootballnorpersonsharp–and therebyimplyingthatthepersonisstupid. a football.“Sharp”canmeantwothings:a)quick/intelligent;b)withpointedend,orsidethatcutseasily.Basically,the In thisexample,thespeakerismakinganequalcomparisonbetween “sharpness”ofapersonandthe 1) “lacking inintelligence”(i.e.“stupid”).Thismonth’sexampleshavecomparative forms.Therearetwotypes: This isanotherpartinourmini-seriesoncolloquialwaysofreferringtosomeone whoissomewhat

/ www.learnhotenglish.com "She’s slowerthanasnail." "He’s aboutassharpafootball." DR FINGERS’ / Want todoaninternship withHotEnglish?For moreinformation, [email protected] as abluntknife. She’s about assharp as abagofrocks. She’s assmart He’s asstupidasaltshaker. His IQislowerthanaplant’s. VOCABULARY CLINIC VOCABULARY CLINIC a bagofhammers. She’s dumber than than aboxofrocks. She’s lessintelligent She’s stupiderthanpaint. She’s assmartbait.

Warning! recommend using any of these

expressions.Hot However, English theydoes not they areare used useful fairly to understand commonly as

in a colloquial context. Let’s be

friends(if we aren’t already!)

www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglishFor fantastic Skype/Telephone classes, e-mail: [email protected] / www.learnhotenglish.com / 31 QUIRKY NEWS, CORNY CRIMINALS & RIDDLES quirky news QUIRKY NEWS & QUIRKY Corny Criminals £30,000, wasfor trainingcoursesfor staffatthe of hisfriends. withabudgetofover The contract, awarding acontract to acompany runby one He’scouncillor JimBarkins. beinginvestigated for but especiallyinlocalpolitics. Take thecaseof intheworld, isaproblemCorruption everywhere Unusual newsstoriesfromaroundtheworld. 32 Camilla’s Luck Camilla’s Luck straightforward: allshehadtostraightforward: dowaspull wassupposedto be inPlymouth. It charity an unveiling ceremony for ahomeless anotherincident,Camilla wasinvitedIn to the lightsfailedto come on . the cord, butitcameoffinherhandand countdown from shoppers, sheyanked on to pullinorder onthelights. to turn After a opened in1819.Camilla wasgiven acord Arcade, whichwasfirst London’s Burlington lightsat the Christmas on was dueto turn Duchess ofCornwall) asthe (also known Last Christmas, Camilla bit ofbadluckrecently. C

/ www.learnhotenglish.com Corrupt Councillor Corrupt Councillor been having a Bowles has amilla Parker- Elected officialgetsintotrouble. / Want todoaninternship withHotEnglish?For moreinformation, [email protected] It’s a deal! CORNY CRIMINALS

stomach bug.The the shipwere illwithacontagious taken months later, scores ofpassengerson on it.Andinthiscaseit’s proved to betrue: badluckto thepeoplewhosail will bring that shipswhichare incorrectly christened she failedto break thebottle. Legend hasit to smashagainsttheship’s side. However, She washandedabottleofchampagne opposition spokesperson added.opposition spokesperson we’re to determined getto thebottom ofit,” the councillor. businessand mucky isadirty, “This owned before that Barkins hebecamea and Saunders’ inacompany sonhadworked Barkins’ daughter for works Saunders’ company, old andSaunderswere actually thatBarkins discovery together inabar. This wasfollowed by the and Saundersdrinking ofBarkins surfaced declared. However, afew monthslater, aphoto going on. theman,”“I hardly know 58, Barkins, deniedthere wasanything fishyAt first,Barkins for a spokesperson anopposition party. out to tender. We demandaninvestigation,” said by SimonSaunders. wasnever put contract “That Diamond Design Communication, acompany run simplygave to thecontract tenders andBarkins However,a contract. inthiscase, there were no are simple. They require three quotes for such The council’s rulesregarding awarding contracts council. lend mea Can you school chums.Finally, itwasrevealed that hand? liner Queen Victoria. Queen Victoria. liner christento thecruise 2007. Camilla wasinvited incidents occurred in One ofthemostfamous broke. the plaquefell down and she pulledonthestring, a plaque.However, as would open,revealing andacurtain on astring curse ofCamilla!

TRACKS 13-15

not clear; suspicious; potentiallynot clear; illegal mucky to possess to own froma friend school chum a school suddenly andmysteriously if something “surfaces”, itappears to surface suspicious fishy to companies if ajobis “put outto tender”, itisoffered to putoutto tender a formal job offer to doaparticular a tender much aspecificjobwill cost a formal letter giving detailsofhow a quote specific job an amount ofmoneyfor doinga a budget do aspecificjob to give work to acompany sotheycan to award acontract to someone government inatown/city to thelocal a personwhoiselected a councillor things to happen a form ofevilmagic that causesbad a curse stomach that attacks the an infection/bacteria a stomach bug lots of. Literally, a “score” is20ofsomething scores of give to to hand ceremony to nameaship/personinanofficial to christen person orevent with information onit aboutafamous a piece ofmetal/wood/plastic, etc. a plaque to thepublic isuncovered/ work ofart andshown aceremony inwhichacovered statue an unveiling ceremony shining and start if lights “come on”, theyare on turned to come on have Ainyour hand becomes detachedfrom Bandyou if A “comes offin your hand”,A to come offin your hand someting, if you you "yank" pullit to yank vb from 10down to 1(10,9,8...) if there isa “countdown”, peoplecount a countdown a piece ormaterial ofstring a cord one orbothsides a covered passageway withshopson an arcade they are goingto doit if someoneis “due to” dosomething, due to GLOSSARY What’s goingon? more, thereare30. them again.Andonce his camelandcounts Confused, heclimbsoff but thereare29again. counts thecamelsagain, Half anhourlater,he are 30. again. Tohisreliefthere riding andcountsthem jumps offthecamelhe’s bought 30camels,sohe He wassurehehad them. Thereare29. riding along,hecounts them tohisfarm.Ashe’s herd ofcamelsandtakes One day,apeasantbuys Riddle THE CAMELS adj inform n exp adj vb exp

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ANSWER ON PAGE 47 RECIPE Delicious (andhealthy)!Delicious oven for around 40minutes. more over thetop andadd some ofthefishmixture salt andpepper. Spread themashedpotato from themwithabitofbutter, the pan.Mash When thepotatoes are ready, remove them and pepper. together really everything well. Mix a littleolive oil, andaddagoodpinchofsalt Squeeze over the juice from thelemon,drizzle along withtheprawns orshrimps, to thedish. the fish(withoutany bones)andaddall this, up thechilli(optional)andparsley, cutup some lemonzest andaddthistoo. chop Next, andcheese. same to thecelery Then, grate carrot andgrate itinto thedish,anddo tray orearthenware dish.Peel abaking Get the salted water to. Cook boil for around 12minutes (oruntil soft). Preheat theoven to 200°C.Cut upthepotatoes andputthem inapanof Preparation Equipment Ingredients

HERE’S ANOTHER SIMPLE DISH TO TRY AT HOME. An earthenware dish or... tray; A baking andpepper Salt Butter Olive oil /PrawnsShrimps Parsley A chilli(optional) A lemon Cheese A stickofcelery A carrot Potatoes Fish cod orsalmon) (haddock, grated cheese . Place inthepreheated Fish Pie FREEsubscription ifyourecommend HotEnglishLanguage Servicestoyour company. [email protected]

small pieces cheese that hasbeencutinto very grated cheese mass/substance soft to crushsomethingsothat itforms a to mash hold between two fingers a smallamount offood that you can a pinchof small amount oftheoilover thefood if you “drizzle” oil over food, you put a to drizzlevb over thefood so allthejuice comes outandgoes you applypressure to alemonhalf if you “squeeze” lemonover food, to squeeze small pieces that hasbeencutinto very is theskin the “zest” ofalemon,orange orlime the zest until itis100ºC if you “boil” water, you cook thewater to boil GLOSSARY vb n vb exp vb exp

LISTENING 3. 2. 1. 4. 3. 2. 1. Transform thefollowing sentences Speech. into Reported (“theytold construction usto Speech get...”).has usedaReported there afew hoursbefore time...” departure speaker The Look from at thelistening, thisextract “...they told usto get 3. 2. 1. following places/things (1to 3). Listen again. Then, make notes ontheproblems theyhadwiththe Pre-listening activity. holiday experience. Listen once andcompare your ideasfrom the You are goingto listen to someonewhoisdescribingaterrible you thinkofideas. What gowrong can onaholiday? Use thewords below to help Travel Time Travel Time 4 3 2 5 insects pool swimming 1 food temperature

TRACK 16 Pre-listening Discussion ListeningII ListeningI had? What’s you’ve thebest holiday experience ever What’s your ideaofaholiday nightmare? while onholiday? What’s theworst thingthat’s happenedto you “Pay themoney.” = They told us… “Stop singing!” =Hetold us… “Open theletter.” =She told us… your“Bring bags.” = They told usto… The apartment Their luggage The airport Language focusReportedSpeech A holidaynightmaretowrite hotel wild animals home about. flight clothes robber drink / www.learnhotenglish.com airline apartment weather ready forthe nightmare, Are you kids? room /

33

ANSWERS ON PAGE 47

RECIPE & TRAVEL TIME PIRATES!

Blackbeard Pirates! Why pirates are everyone’s favourite bandits. Why piratesareeveryone’sfavouritebandits. 34 uncivilised. Take were quite so But notallpirates 1718. 22nd November ambushed himon the RoyalNavy killed when finally more than40ships. Hewas andcaptured heknew everyone of struck fear into thehearts himself”. devil “the Blackbeard a result, many thoughthewas alight hisenemies. to terrify As hemp into hisbeard andsetit ships, hewould put attacking almost allhisface. When comparison. The mostfamousof in SparrowJack lookordinary larger-than-life make thatthey P AMUSING. SO, WHY DO WE LIKE THEM SO MUCH? THE THAT. IN FACT, JACK SPARROW AND HIS CREW ARE ACTUALLY THE SUCCESS OF THE PIRATES OF THE CARIBBEAN EVERYONE LOVES PIRATES. YOU ONLY NEED TO LOOK AT

/ www.learnhotenglish.com Many ofthemwere so is thepirates themselves. themainreason erhaps GOODIES all is probably all isprobably Edward Teach – better known – better known as “Blackbeard”. Teach earned this nickname this nickname because of because of the large the large that beard that covered IN THE FILMS! BUT REAL-LIFE PIRATES WEREN’T SO / William Dampier For Skype/ Telephone speaking classes,e-mail [email protected]

finally rescued, hebecamethe for company. After hewas wild goats, ratsandwildcats for 5years withonly survived island ofJuanFernandez. Selkirk the deserted marooned on Selkirk left Dampier on oneexpedition, Alexander Selkirk arguing withthe sailor in otherways too. After onliterature big impact navigation. Dampierhada of wildlife, geography and accounts knowledgeable very of his high-society. Dampierpublished popularfigure in and avery he wasalsoasuccessfulauthor many years robbing ships, but was afamouspirate whospent William Dampier, for example. He and robbery with with pillage androbbery , which mixed tales journals, whichmixed tales adventure! inspiration for Daniel inspiration for Daniel Defoe’s famoustale Robinson Crusoe. Robinson Life’s an And not all pirates And notallpirates had beards as had beards as some of them were some ofthemwere women. There was never a more was never amore

Anne Bonny them. Perhaps that’s why we admire adventure andexcitement. Pirates lived alife offreedom, Spanish Armada. inthe campaign against the part in 1588heplayed animportant French andSpanishships; where robbed they goldfrom West intheCaribbean Indies Francis Drake’s expeditionto the he sailedasviceadmiralofSir route to thePacificIn 1585, Sea. Frobisher Bay,a butfailingto find and BaffinIsland, discovering in 1576andreached Labrador Passage . Hecrossed theAtlantic went insearch oftheNorthwest Canada’s coast,and north-eastern example. Hewasanexplorer of 1594) isatypical Frobisher (1535- ships. SirMartin steal from foreign blessing to rob and orqueen’sthe king or They were asprivateers known to bepirates. had permission considered even criminals. Some Finally, notallpirates were but herreputation survives. happened to Anneintheend, quite what own. Nooneknows accepted herasoneoftheir a she proved to besodeadlywith ships inthosedays. However, women were notwelcome on order to sailwithhimbecause disguise herselfasamanin Bonny. Hercareer beganwhen fearsome pirate than Anne that all the crew soon cutlass thatallthecrew soon , and they had buccaneers had , andthey FILMS TO KNOW

she met and fell in she metandfell in love withfellow pirate Captain pirate Captain Jack Rackham Rackham Jack (otherwise known known (otherwise Anne had to Anne hadto Jack”). as “Calico

Pacific through the Arctic a water route from theAtlantic to the the Northwest Passage totheir permission doit “blessing” to dosomething, you have if you have theking/queen’s a blessing attack andsteal from foreign ships to a sailorwhohadofficialpermission a privateer/buccaneer n point at theend) a wooden metal handleandasharp sword heavy (aweapon a short, with a cutlass appear to bethat thing something, you putclothesonsoyou if you “disguise” yourself as to disguise frightening fearsome abandoned place to leave islandor onadeserted to maroon things ofrobbing anddestroyingthe act pillage oftime aperiod during a personalrecord ofwhat happens a journal place to attack suddenlyfrom ahidden to ambush to really frighten to strike fear of into thehearts to burn to setalight the fibre ofaplant hemp ofaman’shair onthelower part face a beard story the goodpeople/heroes inafilm/ the goodies GLOSSARY (The officialpirate flag.) = and Crossbones Roger The Jolly /TheSkull pirate poem.) of rum!=(This isafamous andabottle Yo-ho-ho of deadmenlie, supposedly). o’ thesea(where thesouls Locker. =He’s at thebottom He’s Jones’ down inDavy By thePowers! no! =Oh, You are weak. You’re lily-livered. = referring to them!). A pirate (thepolite way of A gentlemano’ fortune. = A doubloon=goldcoin. I’ve gotthetreasure. I’ve gotthebooty. = surprise) What? (anexpression of Shiver metimbers!= You horribleperson! dog!= You scurvy Are you my OK, friend? = All right, mehearty? Hello, there, friend. Ahoy, there, matey. = aye! Aye, Ahoy there!=Hello! expressions for you to learn. useful pirate words and Meanwhile, here are some com/piratehome.html www.talklikeapirate. information, visit on 19thSeptember. For more Pirate Day. It’s year heldevery the funofNational Talk like a You for can... aday. joinin Just Would you like to beapirate? Pirate Day Talk likea National n n

n

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= Yes, yes! n exp

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Chopin The master composer of the 19th century. The mastercomposerofthe19thcentury. French. George writer Sand* relationship with thefamous a Chopinstarted In1836, andBerlioz. Mendelssohn famous composerssuchasLiszt, withother also becamefriends He concerts. and played atcharity Society, attended emigré meetings a memberofthePolish Literary Chopinbecame andartists. writers city, includingsoldiers, politicians, were thousandsofexiles inthe went to . At thetime, there theautumnof1831,Chopin In returned to Poland. God, doyou exist?” Chopinnever enemy isinthehouse…"The Oh, war, Chopinwrote inhisdiary, in Vienna. aboutthe Onhearing the uprising, Chopinwasabroad Russians captured Warsaw. During collapsedandthe the uprising Russo-Polish war. Eventually, This wasthebeginning ofa soon Chopin”“little becamea minor andBflatmajor).And very polonaises(inG author oftwo wasthe at theageof7,Fryderyk Already childhood geniusMozart. and hewascompared withthe apparent on, early extremely Chopin’s musicaltalentbecame village ofZelazowa-Wola, Poland. F OF CHOPIN’S BIRTH (1810). EMIGRÉ LED GREAT MASTERS OF ROMANTIC MUSIC. CHOPIN AND MUSICIAN. HE IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE CHOPIN WAS A FAMOUS POLISH COMPOSER A SHORT AND TRAGIC LIFE, MOSTLY AS AN 1st March 1810 in the 1st March 1810inthe on Chopin wasborn Franciszek ryderyk IN PARIS. 2010 WAS THE BICENTENNIAL major attraction in in major attraction aristocratic circles,aristocratic playing to counts, lords and princes. lords andprinces. In 1830, there 1830,there In was anuprising in Poland domination. domination. against Russian

always belongedinPoland. the HolyCross heart Church. His was placedinanurnapillarof to was taken Warsaw where it accordance withhiswill,heart inParis, Lachaise cemetery but,in Chopin wasburiedinthePère- tuberculosis. pulmonary there 1849of on17thOctober he returned to Paris, anddied in London. Afew days later, Polish emigrés intheGuildhall November 1848,playing for on16th he gave hislastconcert Chopin went to England, where of George Sand’s 1848, son).In as aresult ofthehostileattitude separated inJuly1847(somesay enjoyed adeepfriendship, but in Nohant,centralFrance. They into George Sand’s manorhouse returned to France. Chopinmoved 1839,ChopinandSand In he couldn’t leave thehouse. many weeks hewassoweak that symptoms oftuberculosis . For became gravely illandshowed minor.in Csharp ButChopinalso Ballade inFmajorandtheScherzo the Polonaise inCminor, the of24preludes, including theseries many ofhismostfamouspieces, washere thatChopinwrote It . living inaformer monastery on theSpanishislandofMajorca, spent thewinter of1838/1839 care. andmaternal warmth They She offered Chopin tenderness, For company classesorprivatetuition, contact:[email protected]

(1850) and Château Désertes Des (1840), La Petite Fadette (1848) Compagnon Tour Du France De her mostfamousworks include of 1876.Some and diedinJune novelist. Shewas 1804 borninJuly Lucile was Dupin) afamousFrench George (real Sand nameAurore * GeorgeSand suffering for hishome country. soulful musicwas aresult ofallthe believe that hismelancholicand and 6;Fantasie inFminor. Many number 1;Polonaises numbers3 number2;Ballade and 15;Scherzo E flat major; Preludes4 numbers famous works in include:Nocturne a soloinstrument. ofhismost Some pieces were written for thepianoas his motherwas Polish. Mostofhis 1849. Hisfather was French, and Wola, Poland. He diedon17thOctober on 1stMarch 1810inZelazowa- Poland. He was born and musicianfrom a famouscomposer Frederic Chopin was Chopin Frederic a kind of pleasure inindulgingthem.” which poisonmy happiness. And yet Itake “I wishIcould throw offthethoughts my pianothethingsIusedto tell you.” soul to unburden yourself to. Itell weighs onyour mind,notto have a “It isdreadful whensomething and onlygroan Ican , suffer,“Sometimes way you feel.” “Put allyour soulinto it–play the Quotes bychopin my despairatpour outmy thepiano.”

/ www.learnhotenglish.com experience/suffer from that feeling you allow yourself to enjoy/ if you “indulge” yourself inafeeling, to indulge your worries andtroubles someone, you tell that personabout if you “unburden yourself” to to unburden yourself exp you and itisworrying mind”, you aboutit alot are thinking if somethingis “weighing onyour to weigh onyour mind pain, suffering, sadness, alossofhope despair explain themto someone if you “pour out” your feelings, you to out pour sad pain orvery to makeadeepsoundasifyou are in to groan ofaperson the spirit a soul ashes ofadeadperson a container withanarrow neckfor the an urn has died is to someone dobedoneafter a legaldocument explaining what a will ground to putadeadbodyinholethe to bury aggressive; notfriendly hostile lungs (theorgans usedfor breathing) an infectiousdiseasethat attacks the tuberculosis religion) (people whodevote theirlives to a buildingwhere monksornunslive a monastery reasons) for (often political another country a personwhoisforced to live in an exile authority a rebellion againstpeoplein an uprising a slow dance ofpolish origin n a polonaise obvious eventually if something “becomes apparent”, itis to become apparent reasons) for (often political another country a personwhoisforced to live in an emigré the life you “lead”, isthelife you have to lead GLOSSARY n n

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/

35

CHOPIN TRACK 17 DICTIONARY OF SLANG HERE WE’VE GOT SOME EXAMPLES OF HOW TO SAY THINGS IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS.

Situation Formal Relaxed Informal

DICTIONARY OF SLANG OF DICTIONARY Your car has stopped It has ceased It has stopped It’s conked out. working. functioning. working. [it is / it has]

You heard a joke that That amusing quip That joke made That joke really made you laugh. caused me to guffaw hysterically. me laugh. cracked me up.

A friend is under a lot of She is commencing She’s having pressure and stress at to suffer as a result work. It’s starting to affect of stress-related a mental She’s cracking up. her mentally. professional issues. breakdown.

They exaggerated You bought a new the merits of computer. However, it It isn’t as good as It’s not all it’s cracked up isn’t as good as they said the computer’s they said it was. to be. it would be. performance and abilities. It’s late and you are at a friend’s house. You don’t May I please repose in Can I sleep at want to catch the train your place of residence your house Can I crash at your home. You ask if you can tonight? tonight? place tonight? sleep there.

He is resting in the arms A friend is sleeping on of Morpheus upon the He is sleeping He’s crashed out on the sofa. chaise lounge. on the sofa. the sofa.

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36 / www.learnhotenglish.com / Want to do an internship with Hot English? For more information, e-mail [email protected] people ofPolish descentwhoare famous. there are alsomany andBritish Americans from themany famousPoles from Poland, over theyears. from theircountry So, apart ofPolishMillions peoplehave emigrated Famous peoplefromPoland Poland world. the around A lookatEnglishaccentsfrom

OUR MONTHLY LOOK AT ENGLISH ACCENTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD IN BOTH ENGLISH-SPEAKING AND NON-ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES.

Poland TRACK 18 shortly). shortly). to beheld elections (new Kaczynski president: LechRecently-deceased Donald Prime Minister: Tusk. European Unionin2004. Poland becameamemberofthe NATO in1999. Poland becameamemberof were won by Lech Walesa. were in1990. Curtain They thefallofIron after Poland’s first free elections million. approximately 38 The populationis Warsaw. The capitalofPoland is Slovakia. and Republic, theUkraine including Germany, theCzech borders withmany countries, located inCentral Europe. has It Poland (Polska) isacountry (1473-1543) –famous astronomer. (1810-1849) –musicianand composer. Nicolaus Copernicus FredericChopin THIS MONTH: THE POLISH ENGLISH ACCENT. for thefilmApocalypse Now. , whichwastheinspiration ofDarkness Heart many famousbooksinEnglish,including ofPolish subject a British origin whowrote all aboutthePolish English accent. Now sitbackandlisten to Natalia telling us of theSilentErawhohadPolish ancestry. Helena Rubinstein, Incorporated. andfoundercosmetics industrialist of Polish origin. – Englishactor, director, andproducer of Van Halen. – founding memberofthehard rock band Gloria Swanson (1899–1983)-actress Helena Rubinstein(1870-1965),a SirArthur JohnGielgud (1904-2000) MichaelAnthonySobolewski (1954) – physicist andchemist. Poland’s firstindependenttradeunion. – andco-founder ofSolidarity activist MarieCurie(1867-1934) LechWalesa (1943)–political LotsofFREE contentwhenyou followusonFacebook! PopeJohnPaul II

(Karol Wojtyla) (1920-2005) (1857-1924) – – thefirst Pope of

Polish origin. JosephConrad

Audio Script as Iwasrunning upthemarble I racedupthestairs,butjust the schoolabitlate.Then, I startedrunningbutgotto school Iwaslateforschool. Once, whenIwasathigh- accent. short storyinmybestPolish Now, I’mgoingtotellyoua in house”,or“Shehasdog.” and saythingssuchas,“Ilive So, weoftenmakemistakes because wedon’thavearticles. “a house”and“the is nodistinctionbetween For example,inPolish,there difficulties withthearticles. Polish peoplealsohave “th” sound. soundwiththe the “f” difference forusasweconfuse as “free”and“three”haveno sound.So,words such an “f” often pronouncethemwith “three” areallhardforus.We as “thirsty, thirty, think”and "th" soundinwordssuch for ustopronounce.The words inEnglisharedifficult Some soundsandtherefore (“computer”). is tostressthesecondsyllable but thecorrectpronunciation the firstsyllable(“computer”), “computer” wewouldstress For example,intheword mistakes withwordstress. Polish peoplealsooftenmake the vowelsound“e”islong. words suchas“sheet”where which cancauseproblemswith in Polishallvowelsareshort are shortandlongvowels,but For example,inEnglishthere sounds thatwefinddifficult. But therearemanyEnglish our languageissohard). languages (probablybecause good atlearningforeign Polish peoplearegenerally friendly andhospitable. distance. We areconsidered helpful butalwayskeepa The peoplearegenerally the unionleaderLechWalesa. investigator MarieCurieand Frederic Chopin,themedical include thecomposer Famous peoplefromPoland an ice-skatingrink. forest, andinthewinterthere’s the capitalcity. It’snexttoa neighbourhoods ofWarsaw, and it’soneofthenicest beautiful. It’scalledBielany The placewhereI’mfromis / www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish /

37

ACCENT ALERT WAY TRACK 19 IDIOMS THIS MONTH, WE ARE LOOKING AT SOME “WAY” IDIOMS.

IDIOMS In any way, shape or form IN ANY WAY AT ALL. “I’ve never been involved with her or her company in any way, shape or form.”

Have come a long way TO HAVE MADE A LOT OF PROGRESS. “We’ve come a long way with our business since the days when we were operating out of my bedroom.”

Not stand in somebody’s way IF YOU SAY THAT YOU “WON’T STAND IN SOMEONE’S Out of the way WAY”, YOU’RE SAYING THAT YOU WON’T STOP OR IF A PLACE IS “OUT OF THE WAY”, IT’S A LONG PREVENT SOMEONE FROM DOING WHAT THEY WANT. DISTANCE FROM OTHER VILLAGES, TOWNS OR CITIES. “If that’s what you want to do, I won’t stand in your way. “It’s a great pub, but it’s a little bit out of the way.” You’re old enough to make your own decisions.”

Ways and means Find out / See which way the wind is blowing THE “WAYS AND MEANS” OF ACHIEVING TO SEE HOW A SITUATION IS DEVELOPING BEFORE SOMETHING ARE THE METHODS FOR DOING IT. MAKING A DECISION ABOUT IT. “There are ways and means of achieving our goals which “I think we ought to see which way the wind is blowing don’t involve spending so much money.” before deciding who to support.”

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LISTENING 3. 2. 1. 4. 3. 2. 1. following complex-noun-group sentence beginningswithyour own ideas. main verb that follows thenoungroup? (It’s “made”.) Now, complete the example, thespeaker hasusedacomplex noungroup. Can you identify the to setnewprices anddraw upnewcontracts madememiserable.” Inthis Look from at thelistening, thisextract “T Try to jotdown themainideas(don’t words). aboutwritingtheexact worry Listen again. What are theseven negotiation tipsthespeaker mentions? listening activity. successful negotiation. Listen once andcompare your ideasfrom thePre- You are goingto listen to someonewhoistalking abouthistop tipsfor ideas below to helpyou. Try to come upwith6top tips for successful negotiating. Use thewords and 4 3 2 5 win advice price budget 1

TRACK 20

Discussion groups noun LanguagefocusComplex ListeningII ListeningI Pre-listening Negotiation Negotiation What for? youDo have to domuchnegotiating athome/work? When wasthelasttimeyou hadto negotiate? What are your top tipsfor negotiating? The thoughtofhaving to goto… was… The ideaofhaving to... was… attheweekend The thoughtofhaving to meethimto… was… to… was… The ideaofhaving inthemorning to getupearly shake on lose Let’s Knockout Knockout it! offer anger maximum options rules

/ www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish minimum contract he idea of meeting with my suppliers he ideaofmeetingwithmy suppliers negotiating your argue way tosuccess. Top tipsfor motivation expectations figure

/

39 ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 PAGE ON ANSWERS

ACCENT ALERT & NEGOTIATION KNOCKOUT TRACK 21

PoorPiracy is back Pirates in fashion. But why? By Sam Gordon POOR PIRATES POOR 1 Pre-reading irates are a thing of the past, right? Wrong! Match the “sea-related” words (1 to 8) to the pictures (a-h). They’re back. Only this time it isn’t cutlasses 1. The coastguard Pthat they’re using – they’re carrying rocket 2. A fishing trawler launchers and Kalashnikovs. 3. A pirate ship 4. The coast Piracy off the coast of Somalia

ANSWERS ON PAGE 47 PAGE ON ANSWERS 5. A speed boat a has been growing steadily 6. Seafood since the early 1990s... and it’s 7. A pirate showing no signs of stopping. 8. A whale In 2008, there were 111 attacks, c b including 42 successful hijackings. Those are alarming statistics. But the rate of attacks in January and February of 2009 was about 10 times higher than during the year before. Piracy is once again a very real problem and its effects are felt across the globe. The whole world’s shipping e industry has been affected and the problem is so d Somalia fact file serious that in 2008, the United Nations Security Council Capital: Mogadishu. passed a resolution calling on all nations with vessels in Official language: Somali, the area to fight piracy with military force. Arabic. f President: Sharif Ahmed. 2 g h Independence (from the Reading I So, what are the causes of piracy? The answer is simple. UK and Italy): 1960. Why do you think some people are turning to piracy these Since the beginning of the Somali Civil War nearly twenty Population: 9,100,000. days? Think. Then, read the article to check your ideas. years ago, the country has had no central government GDP: $7.599 billion. with any real power and is ruled by warlords. As a result, Currency: Somali shilling. 3 Reading II millions of Somalis depend on food aid and in 2008, Read the article again and say what the numbers/dates, etc. according to the World Bank, up to 73% of the population refer to. survived on less than $2 per day. In these circumstances, 1. 111 and with no other option to make a living, it isn’t 2. 10 times higher surprising that many people are drawn to a life that brings 3. Millions money and power. 4. 73% 5. $2 However, it isn’t only the war that has created problems. 6. $300 million Before the civil war, one of the country’s main industries was fishing. Now there’s no coastguard, and fishing GLOSSARY 4 trawlers from other countries have been entering Somali a cutlass n Language focus a short, heavy sword Clauses with “since” waters to fish illegally. In fact, it’s estimated that foreign a rocket launcher n a weapon that can fire a rocket (a Look at this extract from the article, “Since the beginning ships take $300 million per year of tuna, shrimp, lobster powerful explosive device) of the Somali Civil War nearly twenty years ago, and other luxury seafood items. Perhaps it’s no surprise steadily adv slowly but surely the country has had no central government...” In that many of the pirates are fishermen who can no a hijacking n this extract, the writer has used an opening clause with “since” longer earn enough to survive. if there is a “hijacking”, criminals take control of a ship/plane, etc. and take followed by a Present Perfect tense (“has had”). Complete these the people prisoner to call on phr vb sentence beginnings with your own ideas. Remember to use But it isn’t only what western countries take that’s the if you “call on” someone to do a Present Perfect (Continuous)verbal construction. problem – it’s what they leave too. Dumping of hazardous something, you ask them publicly to do it 1. Since leaving university, I… waste started off the Somali coast in the early 1990s and has a warlord n 2. Since the end of the cold weather, I… depleted fish stocks and affected the health of people living a military commander who has power in a region 3. Since leaving home this morning, I… in those areas. As Somali pirate leader Sugule Ali said, “We food aid n food that is donated to a poor 4. Since moving house, I… don’t consider ourselves sea bandits. We consider sea bandits country with hungry people those who illegally fish… and dump waste in our seas.” to make a living exp 5 the things you do to “make a living” Discussion are the things you do to make money 1. What do you think should be done about There are two sides to every story and many genuine to buy food, etc. drawn to exp piracy? reasons why people in Somalia have been drawn to attracted to (00 34) 91 455 0273 hazardous waste n 2. What more could be done to help poor piracy. Perhaps focusing more attention on helping this consists of chemical substances countries? Somalia, instead of chasing pirates might be the solution. that are poisonous and dangerous depleted adj telephone-english 3. What do you think it’s like being a As Ban Ki-moon, Secretary General of the UN said, “Piracy if a quantity of something has been modern-day pirate? What about a pirate is a symptom of anarchy on the ground. More security “depleted”, it has been reduced a lot fish stocks n [email protected] from the 17th century? on the ground will make less piracy on the seas.” the total population of fish in the sea

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® www.learnhotenglish.com TRACK 22 PHRASAL VERB THEMES HERE ARE SOME TYPICAL PHRASAL VERBS THAT YOU CAN FIND IN NEWS ARTICLES. MORE NEXT MONTH. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS FROM BELOW. TheANSWERS ON PAGE 47 News aid funds benefits prison solution scandal launch make

Come up with Count down IF YOU “COME UP WITH” AN IDEA/SOLUTION/ TO COUNT THE NUMBERS ALOUD IN REVERSE ANSWER, YOU THINK OF IT. ORDER UNTIL YOU REACH ZERO (10, 9, 8...). PHRASAL VERB THEMES THEMES VERB PHRASAL

1 2 “The committee came up with a that “They started counting down from 10 to zero in they presented to the board.” preparation for the of the spacecraft.”

Count towards Cover up IF ONE THING “COUNTS TOWARDS” ANOTHER IF A SCANDAL IS “COVERED UP”, THERE IS AN THING, IT ADDS TO THAT THING. ATTEMPT TO HIDE IT (OR INFORMATION ABOUT IT) FROM THE PUBLIC.

3 4 “Any contributions that you will count “The president knew about the , but towards your pension.” tried to cover it up.”

Crack down Cut back IF THE POLICE OR IF YOU “CUT BACK” ON EXPENDITURE/COSTS, YOU AUTHORITIES TRY TO “CRACK REDUCE THOSE THINGS. DOWN” ON A CRIME, THEY BECOME STRICTER ABOUT THAT CRIME AND TRY TO MAKE PEOPLE OBEY THE RULES/ LAWS.

5 6 “The government are determined to crack down on benef it fraud, especially those who claim “Congress cut back on for the space while living abroad.” programme.”

Cut off Deter from IF YOU “CUT OFF” THE SUPPLY OF SOMETHING, IF YOU ARE “DETERRED FROM” YOU STOP THAT SUPPLY. DOING SOMETHING, YOU ARE PERSUADED NOT TO DO IT – OFTEN BECAUSE YOU HAVE SEEN THE UNPLEASANT CONSEQUENCES OF DOING IT.

7 8 “There have been suggestions that we should cut off “The government hoped that the longer economic to them until the human terms would deter people from rights situation improves.” committing the crime.”

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GREEN TIMES TRACK 07 be. And that includes you! Karen: And what does the festival celebrate? Helping to save the planet. Jon: OK! OK! Give me the bags and I’ll recycle the David: Well, originally it was a rainfall festival, but in the bottles, paper and glass. 4th century AD the festival started to celebrate Jon: Hi, Maria. Hey, thanks for the party last night. It Maria: Good and then we’ll go to the shops and buy you the arrival in Sri Lanka of the sacred tooth relic of was great. some bags so you can start recycling. Lord Buddha. Maria: Oh, that’s OK, Jon. Glad you enjoyed it! Jon: OK. We can take my car. Karen: A celebration for a tooth? Jon: I thought you might like some help clearing up. Maria: No, Jon. We can walk. The exercise will be good for David: That’s right. But it is Lord Buddha’s tooth so it’s Maria: That’s kind of you. Come in. you... and the planet. very special. Jon: So, what can I do? Karen: OK, we’ve got time for one more. Maria: Well, I’m sorting all the rubbish out. There are lots FESTIVAL FUN TRACK 11 David: I thought I’d tell you about another festival which of bottles, cans and paper plates. Ancient festivals that are still going strong. is not very famous. Jon: OK. Give me a rubbish bag and I’ll clear them up. Karen: And what’s that? Maria: All right. Well, the bottles go in this green plastic Karen: As you may know, this year, the Glastonbury Music David: The Marriage of the Trees in Accettura, Italy. This bag here. The paper goes in this blue bag, and the and Arts Festival, or Glasto as it’s now called, is a fertility festival that became Christianised tins in this yellow bag. is celebrating its 40th birthday. But 40 years is some 1,500 years ago. It is likely that the original Jon: Why don’t you just put them in a rubbish bag? It’s nothing compared to some popular festivals festival is much older. much quicker. from around the world. I’m joined in the studio Karen: What happens? Maria: I want to recycle them, Jon. Don’t you recycle? today by travel writer David Jenkins who’s going David: Well, in May a King and Queen tree are cut down Jon: No, I never bother. I just throw everything in one to tell us about some of the world’s most ancient in the local forest. They are carried through the big plastic bag. festivals. Welcome to the show, David. town and then “married” in the central square. Maria: I don’t believe it. How can you be so irresponsible? David: Thanks Karen. It’s great to be here. Karen: The trees are married? Jon: What? Karen: So, are there any ancient festivals which are still David: Yes, the Queen tree is lifted up and put on top of Maria: If people like us don’t recycle, the environment will celebrated these days, David? the King tree. This shows respect for the forest suffer. David: Oh, yes. One of the oldest is The Nevruz Festival and should ensure a good harvest. Jon: Oh, come on. Do you really think I’ll save the polar in Turkey. Every March 21st people in Turkey clean Karen: Well, I’d love to see that. It sounds extraordinary. bear if I put my bottles in a bottle bank? It doesn’t their houses and buy new clothes. Thanks, David. That was really interesting. make any difference. Karen: Why? David: My pleasure. Maria: Of course it does. If we recycle paper, we won’t David: To celebrate the start of spring. The idea is that all need to cut down so many trees. If we have more disease and troubles leave the house before the TRAVEL TIME TRACK 16 trees, there will be less carbon monoxide. And if beginning of spring. A holiday nightmare to write home about. there’s less carbon monoxide, global warming will Karen: And how long has Nevruz been celebrated. slow down. If global warming slows down, the David: Over 6,000 years. It’s a very old festival. Barbara: Hi, Colin, welcome back. polar icecap at the North Pole will stop melting. Karen: Wow. So if you wanted to visit Turkey, 21st March Colin: Hi, Barbara. And that means saving the polar bears. Everything would be a good time to go, right? Barbara: Can I get you a drink? You look as if you need it. is connected! David: Absolutely. Now, if you wanted to see a Mexican There you go. Cheers. Jon: I’m not so sure. I watched a programme on TV festival, the end of October would be a good time Colin: Cheers. last week and there was a scientist in it saying that because on 1st and 2nd November Mexicans Barbara: So, how was it? Did you have a good time? the Earth’s climate has always been changing. celebrate the Day of the Dead. As part of that Colin: It was hell. I mean it’s a fantastic country. The Sometimes it gets hotter, sometimes it gets colder. festival, families take food and drink to the graves people are lovely. The food is wonderful. But Animals become extinct... it’s got nothing to do of their dead relatives and have a picnic. They what a nightmare! Never again. with humans. eat chocolate coffins and sugar skeletons. It’s Barbara: What went wrong? Maria: Yeah, I saw that programme. Do you know who the amazing. Colin: What didn’t go wrong! That would be a better scientist works for? Karen: And how old is the Day of the Dead festival? question. Jon: No. The Science Museum or a university, I David: About 3,000 years. Although now it’s a Christian Barbara: Go on. suppose. festival, the day of the dead started as an ancient Colin: Well, we got to Heathrow airport early. Very early. Maria: Oh, Jon. He works for a big car company. And there Aztec festival dedicated to a goddess called Barbara: Well, you were travelling with a baby. It’s a good was a woman from an oil company too. Mictecacihuatl. idea to allow a lot of time. Jon: Oh, yes. Karen: Fascinating! Colin: Yeah, they told us to get there a few hours before Maria: Some companies don’t want us to make the David: Another ancient festival is Esala Perahera. departure time because of the increased security connection between what humans do and It’s been taking place for about 2,300 years in checks. So, we were there four hours before take- environmental problems. If we do, we’ll buy fewer Sri Lanka, and it’s spectacular. There are two off. But then there were delays. cars and use less oil, and they’ll make less money. big processions with dancers, acrobats, flame Barbara: How long? Jon: I didn’t realise you were so green. throwers and more than 100 elephants. It takes Colin: Ten hours! Maria: Of course I am. Every responsible person should place in July or August in the city of Kandy. If I had Barbara: Ten hours! the chance, I’d really like to go to it. Colin: Can you imagine what Heathrow Airport is like in Translations Speed, quality and accuracy!

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August for 10 hours with a small baby? Barbara: Oh dear. You need another drink. Jennifer: Number three is one of my favourites. “There are Barbara: Not great, I imagine. Colin: No, I need another holiday. Cheers. no rules.” Colin: No, not great. The guy from the airline told us that they’d give us a hotel room. But he finished NEGOTIATION KNOCKOUT TRACK 20 Gary: What do you mean? work and forgot to tell his colleague. By the time Top tips for negotiating your way to success. Jennifer: If I’m signing a contract, I have every right to they arranged it, we only had three hours to wait make sure I’m happy with what’s in the contract. so there was no point going to the hotel. Gary: Hello, good evening and welcome to Business If I’m not happy, I cross words out and change Barbara: How were Sally and Wendy? Today, our weekly look inside the world of Colin: Crying a lot. business. In today’s programme we’re going them. If the other side tell me I can’t do that, I Barbara: I’m not surprised. to hear about why investment bankers deserve ask them why not. 99 times out of 100, I can. Colin: Anyway, the flight was OK. We got to their huge bonuses – that should be interesting; There are no rules! safely. in our small business slot we’re going to have Gary: What’s next? Barbara: Great! an up-date from Monica Harris about how her Colin: But unfortunately our bags didn’t. They went to children’s book shop in Newcastle is getting on. Jennifer: “Don’t be the first to name a figure.” If the other Moscow. But first, do you dread negotiations? Does the side ask you, “What do you charge?”, respond Barbara: Oh no. So you were…. thought of having to argue about contracts make with something like, “What’s the budget?” You’ll Colin: ...yep. Stuck in Athens with no clothes. Wendy your stomach take a tumble? If so, meet Jennifer needed changing and we had no clothes. Garson, European Business Woman of the Year. be amazed how often you get more this way. The Barbara: So what did you do? Jennifer: Hello, Gary. assumption is that if you’re asked a question, Colin: Well, the man from the airline said that there was Gary: So Jennifer, tell us a bit about negotiating. you have to answer it, but that simply isn’t true. nothing he could do. It was night by this time Jennifer: Well, when I started in business I dreaded In negotiation, you need to turn these things on and all the shops were shut and all the hotels negotiating. When it was time to meet with my were full. We had to decide whether to stay at employees to discuss salaries, I felt ill. The idea their head. the airport or get the bus to Tolo. of meeting with my suppliers to set new prices Gary: Great. Very clever. Barbara: Tolo? and draw up new contracts made me miserable. Jennifer: And when they name a figure, even if it’s better Colin: That’s the name of the resort we were going to. I felt I was just no good at it. Worse, I felt I was It’s in The Peloponnese. About three hours by letting myself and the company down because I than you expected, don’t accept it immediately. bus from Athens. was an unsuccessful negotiator. Say something like, “I think you’ll have to do Barbara: So what did you do? Gary: So, what did you do? better than that.” They’ll respect you and they Colin: We went to Tolo. The airline woman promised to Jennifer: Looked for advice on the internet, of course. might offer you more. No one comes out with send our bag on a bus the next day. Gary: And did you find anything useful? Barbara: So what was Tolo like? Jennifer: Well, you know how it is…there are lots of great their maximum figure first. That’s tip five – Colin: Very nice. ideas out there and even more crazy ideas. You “Never accept their first price.” Barbara: And the hotel? have to find the good ones and spot the bad Gary: And number six? Colin: Well, I’d booked us into an apartment. I thought ones. However, I’ve drawn up a list of my top it’d be better than a hotel with a baby. But it was seven tips that I refer to before negotiating. Jennifer: “Don’t come across as desperate.” Try to give the awful. Gary: Great. So, let’s go with tip number 1. impression that you don’t care too much which Barbara: Why? Jennifer: Well, the first one may sound silly but it’s “Be way things go. Be a reluctant buyer or seller! Colin: It was incredibly hot and there was no air- willing to negotiate”. And what’s your final tip. conditioning. Gary: What do you mean? Gary: Barbara: Why not? Jennifer: If you really want something, ask for it. The other Jennifer: “Don’t be greedy.” As I said before, aim for a Colin: The travel agent told us the apartment had air- side can only say “no”. Don’t ask, don’t get, as win-win outcome. The idea that you need to conditioning in every room but she was wrong. the saying goes. For example, if you’re buying a squeeze the other side dry is wrong. If they Barbara: Couldn’t you open the windows? car, the person who’s selling the car wants to get Colin: Well, yes. But the problem was that our the highest price possible. So, unless you ask feel they’ve been cheated or beaten, they won’t apartment was in a garden. It was really pretty. for a lower price, the seller won’t offer one. Why negotiate again, or, worse still, they might even But if you opened any windows thousands of should they? close negotiations. That might be bad for your mosquitoes and other insects flew in. Sally got Gary: I see. So, what’s tip two? bitten a lot on the first night. We couldn’t sleep Jennifer: “Don’t get emotional.” If you lose your temper business. at all. and attack the other side, they’re less likely to Gary: Well, great advice for us all. I’ll have to try some Barbara: So what did you do? walk away. No one likes the idea of being bullied. of your tips when I ask for a pay rise next week. Colin: Nothing. We stayed awake. If we had the If you’re calm and patient, it’s much easier to Thanks, Jennifer. windows open we got bitten, if we closed reach a compromise that has something in it for them it was so hot we couldn’t sleep. We’re all both sides – what’s called a “win-win” situation. Jennifer: My pleasure, Gary. And good luck with the exhausted. Gary: That sounds like good advice. pay rise! Travel English Learn over 1,000 useful words and expressions for travelling abroad. 40 topic areas covering a wide range of typical situations. Over 400 images to help you learn Tap here to buy! the words and expressions. More than 30 dialogues so you Or get physical copies from: can hear the language in action. www.learnhotenglish.com/shop

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Tap here to buy! Learn Hot English Free lessons to improve your English, and articles Blog! on learning English! ANSWERS blog.learnhotenglish.com eREADERS (PAGE 4) GREEN TIMES (PAGE 13) YOU CHEAT! (PAGE 28) NEGOTIATION KNOCKOUT (PAGE 39) 1 Pre-reading 1 Pre-listening 3 Reading II (answers may vary) 3 Listening II 1f 2h 3g 4a 5e 6c 7d 8b 1g/c 2f 3a 4e 5d 6c/g 7h 8b 1. $700,000 = the amount someone 1. “Be willing to negotiate”. 3 Reading II (answers will vary) 3 Listening II made in Oregon in nine months. 2. “Don’t get emotional.” Advantages: they’re light, you can 1. green; 2. blue; 3. yellow; 4. one big 2. $300,000 = the amount someone 3. “There are no rules.” hold them with one hand, they're plastic bag; 5. car company; 6. on foot made in Ohio. 4. “Don’t be the first to name a figure.” comfortable to read in bed, they've 3. 2 million = the number of exams 5. “Never accept their first price.” got lights, you can store hundreds SLANG ENGLISH LANGUAGE taken every year for information 6. “Don’t come across as desperate.” of books on them, they’re perfect for EXERCISE (PAGE 16) technology certification. 7. “Don’t be greedy.” travel, they’ve got search functions, 1. spot; 2. botched; 3. jiffy; 4. wonky; 4. 28% = the percentage of test centres you can increase the font size, they're 5. budge; 6. cram; 7. law; 8. dodgy; who had at least one cheating POOR PIRATES (PAGE 40) ecological, there are lots of free books 9. mug; 10. diss; 11. pear; 12. nice; incident over the last five years. 1 Pre-reading to access. 13. right; 14. faffing;15. cheers 5. Tens of thousands = the number of 1e 2d 3h 4a 5f 6b 7g 8c Disadvantages: you can’t find some soldiers who obtained answers to a 3 Reading II (answers will vary) books, there’s a delay when turning RIDICULOUS REQUESTS (PAGE 17) test. 1. 111 = the number of attacks page, you can’t flick through the pages. 3 Reading II 6. $1,000 = the amount it can cost to in 2008. 4 Language focus 1e 2d 3a 4c 5b write just one question for a test. 2. 10 times higher = the increase in the 1. I’m running in the park. 4 Language focus (answers may vary) number of attacks in January and 2. She’s working from home. 1. fast; 2. long; 3. clever/fast; 4. cold RIDDLES (PAGE 32) February 2009 compared to the year 3. They’re travelling by train. When the man is on the camel, he before. 4. We aren’t watching television. FESTIVAL FUN (PAGE 19) forgets to count the one he’s riding. 3. Millions = the numbers of Somalis 1 Pre-listening who depend on food aid. USEFUL VOCABULARY (PAGE 8) 1f 2c 3d 4a 5e 6b TRAVEL TIME (PAGE 33) 4. 73% = the percentage of the 1 3 Listening II (answers will vary) population who survived on less 1i 2a 3h 4b 5e 6f 7j 8d 9g 10c 3 Listening II & III (answers will vary) 1. The Nevruz Festival / Turkey: people 1. The airport: they were delayed for than $2 a day in 2008. ERROR CORRECTION (Page 13) clean their houses and buy new clothes. ten hours. 5. $2 = the amount that some people 1. They were very sad. 2. The Day of the Dead / Mexico: people 2. Their luggage: it didn’t arrive. have to spend in a day. 2. I was not at home last night. take food and drink to the graves of 3. The apartment: there was no 6. $300 million = the numerical value 3. They weren’t there. deceased relatives, and have a picnic. air-conditioning, and they couldn’t of all the seafood taken in Somali 4. Were you at the cinema? 3. Esala Perahera / Sri Lanka: there are leave the windows open because of waters. 5. Was he in the park? two big processions with dancers and all the mosquitoes. 6. There were six of us in the party. more than 100 elephants. 4 Language focus PHRASAL VERBS (PAGE 42) 4. The Marriage of the Trees / Italy: two 1. They told us to bring our bags. 1. solution; 2. launch; 3. make; GRAMMAR FUN (PAGE 12) trees are cut down then “married” in 2. She told us to open the letter. 4. scandal; 5. benefits;6. funds; 1. which; 2. when; 3. what; 4. where; the central square. 3. He told us to stop singing. 7. aid; 8. prison 4. They told us to pay the money. 5. why; 6. what 5 Language focus 1. would buy; 2. told; 3. would be; 4. borrowed Idioms booklets Learn hundreds of idioms, really improve your English Get your Idioms and speak like a native booklets from... English speaker! Booklets come with images and Tap here to buy! audio files. Phrasal verbs booklets Learn hundreds of Booklets come phrasal verbs, really with images and audio files! improve your English Get your Phrasal verbs and speak like a native booklets from... speaker! Booklet comes with listening files! Tap here to buy!

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Finance Financial Director Leigh Dante (00 34 91 549 8523) SITUATIONAL IRONY [email protected] MONTH Classes Department THIS MONTH’S EXPRESSION (00 34 91 455 0273) OF THE MONTH IS... [email protected] “SITUATIONAL IRONY”. Teacher Coordinator Rocío Herrero Read the following extract from a news story: Isn’t it [email protected] ironic! Accounts manager Rocío Herrero “Just last month, another weapons safety [email protected] instructor shot himself in the foot whilst WORD OF THE THE OF WORD Administration Department giving a demonstration on how to handle a Subscriptions (9:30-13:00) weapon safely.” Jose Lobo (tel / fax) (00 34 91 549 8523) Skype: hotenglishgroup [email protected] You could describe this event as “situational [email protected] irony” – a situation that is strange or Credit control and administration 9:00 - 2pm (by e-mail thereafter) amusing because it involves a contrast. In Office hours 10am to 6pm (Spanish time) this case, the irony comes from the fact that Barcelona office (Hot English) a person who is supposedly an expert in [email protected] weapons managed to shoot himself during Seville office (Hot English) a safety demonstration, which is very ironic. a) The irony is that while many government [email protected] We can describe situations such as this as ministers voted for the law, many say in Editorial Department James Blick assistant editor examples of “irony” or “situational irony”. In private that it will never work. Philip McIvor art director these cases, the situation is “ironic” because b) The irony is that although he was a highly Patrick Howarth writer there is a contrast which is either strange or successful children’s author, he never had Steve Brown writer Christine Saunders writer amusing. Here are some more examples of any children of his own, and had a very Louisa Glancy writer situational irony. unhappy childhood. Contributors Blanca San Roman translation a) It’s ironic that the sort of people he writes The Canadian singer Alanis Morissette has Magnus Coney proof reading about in his novels never actually read his a song called “Isn’t it Ironic?” in which she Marcie Lambert proof reading Natalia T. Piekarowicz proof reading novels. gives examples of ironic situations. In one Laurent Guiard French depart. b) I thought I’d met the man of my part of the song, she talks about an old man Peter Barton proof reading Danielle Ott intern dreams, but it turns out that not only who wins a million dollars on the lottery, but Georgina Kiely intern is he married, but he’s married to the then dies the very next day. Rayner Taylor intern Vanessa Simmonds writer psychiatrist I’ve been seeing. Petra Bates writer c) It’s ironic that the fire station, of all places, Finally, here’s Slim Pickens special intern burned to the ground in front of 25 an example Nick Hargreaves writer helpless fire fighters. of irony from Printing history. During Printerman We can also use the term “ironically” as a the attempted Audio Production personal discourse marker. In these cases, assassination HEP we often place “ironically” at the start of the of US President CD Production sentence. Ronald Reagan MPO S.A. a) Ironically, for a man who claimed to be a in 1981, all the ISSN 1577-7898 pacifist and an anti-war activist, he was shots missed Depósito Legal M.14277.2001 convicted of assault. him except one bullet which richocheted June 2018 b) Ironically, the meeting to discuss the off the limousine and hit Reagan in the Published by Hot English Publishing, S.L. city’s improved traffic flow was delayed chest. So, the vehicle that was designed to C/Extremadura, 21 - 1ª planta, because the minister of transport was protect the president was responsible for his oficina 1, Madrid 28011, Spain Phone: (00 34) 91 549 8523 held up in a traffic jam. injury! Very ironic! Fax: (00 34) 672 317 912 [email protected] You can also comment on the “irony” of a Can you think of any examples of www.learnhotenglish.com situation. For example: situational irony? www.learnhotenglish.com Skype: hotenglishgroup www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish What is Hot English? www.twitter.com/learnhotenglish A monthly magazine for improving your English. Real English in genuine contexts. French material by Hot English: Slang. British English. Practical language. US English. Fun and easy-to-read. Helpful www.lekiosquenumerique.com glossaries. Useful expressions. Readers from 16 to 105 years old. From pre-intermediate Cover/magazine images: to advanced (CEF levels A2-C1). Ready-to-use lessons. Fantastic audio tracks. Great website with free material: www.learnhotenglish.com. All the English you’ll ever need!

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