DOCSLIB.ORG

Brahma - Wikipedia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Brahma - Wikipedia 10. 10. 2019 Brahma - Wikipedia Brahma Brahma (Sanskrit: , IAST: Brahmā) is the creator god in मा Brahma Hinduism.[1] He is also known as Svayambhu (self-born) or the creative aspect of Vishnu,[2] Vāgīśa (Lord of Speech), and the creator of the four God of Creation, Creator of Vedas, one from each of his mouths. Brahma is consort of Gayatri and he is Vedas, Wisdom, Moksha the father of Four Kumaras, Narada, Daksha, Marichi and many more.[3][4] Member of Trimurti Brahma is sometimes identified with the Vedic god Prajapati, he is also known as Vedanatha (god of Vedas), Gyaneshwar (god of Knowledge), Chaturmukha (having Four Faces) Svayambhu (self born), Brahmanarayana (half Brahma and half Vishnu), etc, as well as linked to Kama and Hiranyagarbha (the cosmic egg).[5][6] He is more prominently mentioned in the post-Vedic Hindu epics and the mythologies in the Puranas. In the epics, he is conflated with Purusha.[3] Although, Brahma is part of the Brahma-Vishnu-Shiva Trimurti, ancient Hindu scriptures mention multiple other trinities of gods or goddesses which do not include Brahma.[7][8][note 1] Brahma with his wife, Gayatri. Several Puranas describe him as emerging from a lotus, connected to the navel of Lord Vishnu. Other Puranas suggest that he is born from Shiva or Other Vedanatha, his aspects,[10] or he is a supreme god in diverse versions of Hindu names Gyaneshwar, Virinchi, mythology.[5] Brahma, along with other deities, is sometimes viewed as a Chaturmukha, form (saguna) of the otherwise formless (nirguna) Brahman, the ultimate Svayambhu metaphysical reality in Vedantic Hinduism.[8][6] In an alternate version, Affiliation Parabrahman some Puranas state him to be the father of Prajapatis.[11] (Brahmanism), Trimurti, Deva, Tridev According to some, Brahma does not enjoy popular worship in present-age Hinduism and has lesser importance than the other members of the Abode Brahmaloka or Trimurti, Vishnu and Shiva. Brahma is revered in ancient texts, yet rarely Satyaloka [12] worshiped as a primary deity in India. Very few temples dedicated to Mantra ।। ॐ वेदामनाय वहे him exist in India; the most famous being the Brahma Temple, Pushkar in हरयगभाय धीमह तनो [13] Rajasthan. Brahma temples are found outside India, such as at the मा चोदयात ्।। (oṃ Erawan Shrine in Bangkok.[14] vedātmanāya vidmahe hiraṇyagarbhāya dhīmahī tanno brahmā Contents pracodayaṭ), Weapon Brahmastra, Origin and meaning Brahmashirsha astra, History Brahmanda astra Vedic literature Post-Vedic, Epics and Puranas Symbol Padma, Vedas, Japamala and Iconography Kamandalu Avatar Mount Hamsa (bird) Temples India Festivals Kartik Purnima, Srivari Southeast Asia Brahmotsavam East Asia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma 1/10 10. 10. 2019 Brahma - Wikipedia Difference between Brahma, Brahman, Brahmin and Brahmanas Personal information See also Consorts (Gayatri) Notes and references Children Manu, Four Kumaras, Notes Narada, Daksha, References Marichi, Aathri, External links Pulastya, Vashishtha Origin and meaning Left: Brahma at the 12th century Chennakesava Temple, Somanathapura; Right: Brahma at a 6th/7th Aihole temple. The origins of Brahma are uncertain, in part because several related words such as one for Ultimate Reality (Brahman), and priest (Brahmin) are found in the Vedic literature. The existence of a distinct deity named Brahma is evidenced in late Vedic text.[15] A distinction between spiritual concept of Brahman, and deity Brahma, is that the former is a genderless abstract metaphysical concept in Hinduism,[16] while the latter is one of the many masculine gods in Hindu tradition.[17] The spiritual concept of Brahman is far older, and some scholars suggest deity Brahma may have emerged as a personal conception and visible icon of the impersonal universal principle called Brahman.[15] In Sanskrit grammar, the noun stem brahman forms two distinct nouns; one is a neuter noun bráhman, whose nominative singular form is brahma; this noun has a generalized and abstract meaning.[18] Contrasted to the neuter noun is the masculine noun brahmán, whose nominative singular form is Brahma.[note 2] This singular form is used as the proper name of the deity, Brahma. History Vedic literature One of the earliest mentions of Brahma with Vishnu and Shiva is in the fifth Prapathaka (lesson) of the Maitrayaniya Upanishad, probably composed in late 1st millennium BCE. Brahma is first discussed in verse 5,1, also called the Kutsayana Hymn, and then expounded in verse 5,2.[19][20] In the pantheistic Kutsayana Hymn,[19] the Upanishad asserts that one's Soul is Brahman, and this Ultimate Reality, Cosmic Universal or God is within each living being. It equates the Atman (Soul, Self) within to be Brahma and various alternate manifestations of Brahman, as follows, "Thou art Brahma, thou art Vishnu, thou art Rudra (Shiva), thou art Agni, Varuna, Vayu, Indra, thou art All."[19][21] In the verse (5,2), Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva are mapped into the theory of Guṇa, that is qualities, psyche and innate tendencies the text describes can be found in all living beings.[21][22] This chapter of the Maitri Upanishad asserts that the universe emerged from darkness (Tamas), first as passion characterized by action qua action (Rajas), which then https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma 2/10 10. 10. 2019 Brahma - Wikipedia refined and differentiated into purity and goodness (Sattva).[19][21] Of these three qualities, Rajas is then mapped to Brahma, as follows:[23] Now then, that part of him which belongs to Tamas, that, O students of sacred knowledge (Brahmacharins), is this Rudra. That part of him which belongs to Rajas, that O students of sacred knowledge, is this Brahma. That part of him which belongs to Sattva, that O students of The 10th-century artwork from Bihar sacred knowledge, is this Vishnu. showing the trinity of Vishnu, Shiva Verily, that One became threefold, became eightfold, and Brahma. elevenfold, twelvefold, into infinite fold. This Being (neuter) entered all beings, he became the overlord of all beings. That is the Atman (Soul, Self) within and without – yea, within and without! — Maitri Upanishad 5.2, [19][21] While the Maitri Upanishad maps Brahma with one of the elements of Guṇa theory of Hinduism, the text does not depict him as one of the trifunctional elements of the Hindu Trimurti idea found in later Puranic literature.[24] Post-Vedic, Epics and Puranas The post-Vedic texts of Hinduism offer multiple theories of cosmogony, many involving Brahma. These include Sarga (primary creation of universe) and Visarga (secondary creation), ideas related to the Indian thought that there are two levels of reality, one primary that is unchanging (metaphysical) and other secondary that is always changing (empirical), and that all observed reality of the latter is in an endlessly repeating cycle of existence, that cosmos and life we experience is continually created, evolved, dissolved and then re-created.[26] The primary creator is extensively discussed in Vedic cosmogonies with Brahman or Purusha or Devi among the terms used for the primary creator,[26][27] while the Vedic and post-Vedic texts name different gods and goddesses as secondary creators (often Brahma in post-Vedic texts), and in some cases a different god or goddess is the secondary creator at the start of each cosmic cycle (kalpa, aeon).[10][26] Brahma is a "secondary creator" as described in the Mahabharata and In Vaishnava Puranic scriptures, [28][29][30] Puranas, and among the most studied and described. Born from Brahma emerges on a lotus from a lotus emerging from the navel of Vishnu after emerging on order of Vishnu's navel as Vishnu Shiva, Brahma creates all the forms in the universe, but not the primordial (Mahavishnu) creates the cosmic universe itself.[25] In contrast, the Shiva-focussed Puranas describe cycle, after being emerged by Shiva, Shiva told Vishnu to create, Shiva Brahma and Vishnu to have been created by Ardhanarishvara, that is half ordered Vishnu to make Brahma.[25] Shiva and half Parvati; or alternatively, Brahma was born from Rudra, or Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma creating each other cyclically in different aeons (kalpa).[10] Thus in most Puranic texts, Brahma's creative activity depends on the presence and power of a higher god.[31] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma 3/10 10. 10. 2019 Brahma - Wikipedia In the Bhagavata Purana, Brahma is portrayed several times as the one who rises from the "Ocean of Causes".[32] Brahma, states this Purana, emerges at the moment when time and universe is born, inside a lotus rooted in the navel of Hari (deity Vishnu, whose praise is the primary focus in the Purana). The scriptures assert that Brahma is drowsy, errs and is temporarily incompetent as he puts together the universe.[32] He then becomes aware of his confusion and drowsiness, meditates as an ascetic, then realizes Hari in his heart, sees the beginning and end of the universe, and then his creative powers are revived. Brahma, states Bhagavata Purana, thereafter combines Sculpture of Brahma flanked by Yama Prakriti (nature, matter) and Purusha (spirit, soul) to create a and Chitragupta, Tamil Nadu, 10th dazzling variety of living creatures, and tempest of causal nexus.[32] Century The Bhagavata Purana thus attributes the creation of Maya to Brahma, wherein he creates for the sake of creation, imbuing everything with both the good and the evil, the material and the spiritual, a beginning and an end.[33] The Puranas describe Brahma as the deity creating time. They correlate human time to Brahma's time, such as a mahākalpa being a large cosmic period, correlating to one day and one night in Brahma's existence.[31] The stories about Brahma in various Puranas are diverse and inconsistent.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Antiquty of Jainism
    Jainism : An Image of Antiquity Published by Shri Jain Swetamber Khartargachha Sangha, Kolkata An analytical study of the historicity, antiquity and originality Chaturmass Prabandh Samiti of the religion of Jainism of a global perspective Sheetal Nath Bhawan Gauribari Lane Kolkata - 700 004 c Dr. Lata Bothra Printed in October 2006 by : Dr. Lata Bothra Type Setting Jain Bhawan Computer Centre P-25, Kalakar Street Kolkata - 700 007 Phone : 2268-2655 Printed by Shri Bivas Datta Arunima Printing Works 81, Simla Street Kolkata - 700 006 Shri Jain Swetamber Khartargachha Sangha, Kolkata Chaturmas Prabandh Samiti Price Kolkata Rupees Fifty only continents of the worlds, regarding Jainism. Jainism is a religion which is basically revolving within the PREFACE centrifugal force of Non-violence (Ahimsa), Non- receipt (Aparigraha) and the multizonal view Through the centuries, Jainism has been the (Anekantvad), through which the concept of global mainstay of almost every religion practiced on this planet. tolerance bloomed forth. Culturally, the evidences put forward by the There was a time splendour of Jainism, as a archaeological remnants almost all over the world starting religion and an ethical lifestyle was highly prevalent in from Egypt and Babylon to Greece and Russia inevitably the early days of our continental history. The remnants prove that Jainism in its asceticism was practiced from of antiquity portray a vivid image of the global purview prehistoric days. For what reason, till today, the Jaina whereby one can conclude that Jainism in different researchers have not raised their voice and kept mum forms and images was observed in different parts of about these facts, is but a mystery to me.
    [Show full text]
  • Cow Care in Hindu Animal Ethics Kenneth R
    THE PALGRAVE MACMILLAN ANIMAL ETHICS SERIES Cow Care in Hindu Animal Ethics Kenneth R. Valpey The Palgrave Macmillan Animal Ethics Series Series Editors Andrew Linzey Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics Oxford, UK Priscilla N. Cohn Pennsylvania State University Villanova, PA, USA Associate Editor Clair Linzey Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics Oxford, UK In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the ethics of our treatment of animals. Philosophers have led the way, and now a range of other scholars have followed from historians to social scientists. From being a marginal issue, animals have become an emerging issue in ethics and in multidisciplinary inquiry. Tis series will explore the challenges that Animal Ethics poses, both conceptually and practically, to traditional understandings of human-animal relations. Specifcally, the Series will: • provide a range of key introductory and advanced texts that map out ethical positions on animals • publish pioneering work written by new, as well as accomplished, scholars; • produce texts from a variety of disciplines that are multidisciplinary in character or have multidisciplinary relevance. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14421 Kenneth R. Valpey Cow Care in Hindu Animal Ethics Kenneth R. Valpey Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies Oxford, UK Te Palgrave Macmillan Animal Ethics Series ISBN 978-3-030-28407-7 ISBN 978-3-030-28408-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28408-4 © Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s) 2020. Tis book is an open access publication. Open Access Tis book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
    [Show full text]
  • Bhagavad Gita – the Timeless Science
    Bhagavad Gita – The Timeless Science exactly like a big reservoir of water that Section 1 explains the essence of all Vedic literature and indeed there is no need to resort to any other literature in order to understand the science of Setting the Scene for the Course: Why should I study The Bhagavad Gita? Bhagavad Gita - The Timeless Science Bhagavad Gita is the most quintessential literature among all Vedic compositions. This composition as compiled by the great sage Vyasadeva has been endearing to all those who seek Truth, who look for perfection, who are interested in a complete science of everything irrespective of caste, creed, religion self-realization. and nationality. This holy book presents the ● Whom is Bhagavad Gita endearing to? science of life, as it is, which was originally ● In how many languages has Bhagavad Gita spoken to Arjun by Lord Krishna, the Supreme been translated? Personality of Godhead in the battlefield of ● Why is Bhagavad Gita timeless? Mahabharata approximately 5000 years ago. ● Give an analogy to compare Bhagavad Gita Through the ages, Srimad Bhagavad Gita has with other Vedic literature. inspired and guided hosts of philosophers and scientists. Its influence is not limited to India. Bhagavad Gita - The Torch-light There is not a single language in the world in of Wisdom which Bhagavad Gita has not been translated. Arjuna in the battlefield got confused about his Just like the Quran and Bible are known all duty. Like Arjuna, we are all confused about over the world, Bhagavad Gita is also known our duty. This world is a battlefield.
    [Show full text]
  • Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba
    Om Sri Sai Ram BHAGAVAT GITA VAHINI By Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba Greetings Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba is the Sanathana Sarathi, the timeless charioteer, who communicated the Geetha Sastra to Adithya and helped Manu and king Ikshwaku to know it; He was the charioteer of Arjuna during the great battle between good and evil fought out at Kurukshetra. When the rider, Arjuna, was overcome with grief at the prospect of the fight, Krishna instructed him in the science of recognising one's oneness with all, and removed the grief and the fear. He is the charioteer even now, for every one of us; let me greet you as a fellow-sufferer and a fellow-disciple. We have but to recognise Him and accept Him in that role, holding the reins of discrimination and flourishing the whip of detachment, to direct the horses of the senses along the path of Sathya, asphalted by Dharma and illumined by Prema towards the goal of Shanthi. Arjuna accepted Him in that role; let us do likewise. When worldly attachment hinders the path of duty, when ambition blinds the eyes of sympathy, when hate shuts out the call of love, let us listen to the Geetha. He teaches us from the chariot whereon He is installed. Then He showers His grace, His vision and His power, and we are made heroes fit to fight and win. This precious book is not a commentary or summary of the Geetha that was taught on the field of Kurukshetra. We need not learn any new language or read any old text to imbibe the lesson that the Lord is eager to teach us now, for victory in the battle we are now waging.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Format of This Book
    COMMENTARY ON THE MUNDAKA UPANISHAD COMMENTARY ON THE MUNDAKA UPANISHAD SWAMI KRISHNANANDA Published by THE DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY P.O. SHIVANANDANAGAR—249 192 Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, Himalayas, India www.sivanandaonline.org, www.dlshq.org First Edition: 2017 [1,000 copies] ©The Divine Life Trust Society EK 56 PRICE: ` 95/- Published by Swami Padmanabhananda for The Divine Life Society, Shivanandanagar, and printed by him at the Yoga-Vedanta Forest Academy Press, P.O. Shivanandanagar, Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, Himalayas, India For online orders and catalogue visit: www.dlsbooks.org puBLishers’ note We are delighted to bring our new publication ‘Commentary on the Mundaka Upanishad’ by Worshipful Sri Swami Krishnanandaji Maharaj. Saunaka, the great householder, questioned Rishi Angiras. Kasmin Bhagavo vijnaate sarvamidam vijnaatam bhavati iti: O Bhagavan, what is that which being known, all this—the entire phenomena, experienced through the mind and the senses—becomes known or really understood? The Mundaka Upanishad presents an elaborate answer to this important philosophical question, and also to all possible questions implied in the one original essential question. Worshipful Sri Swami Krishnanandaji Maharaj gave a verse-by-verse commentary on this most significant and sacred Upanishad in August 1989. The insightful analysis of each verse in Sri Swamiji Maharaj’s inimitable style makes the book a precious treasure for all spiritual seekers. —THE DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY 5 TABLE OF Contents Publisher’s Note . 5 CHAPTER 1: Section 1 . 11 Section 2 . 28 CHAPTER 2: Section 1 . 50 Section 2 . 68 CHAPTER 3: Section 1 . 85 Section 2 . 101 7 COMMENTARY ON THE MUNDAKA UPANISHAD Chapter 1 SECTION 1 Brahmā devānām prathamaḥ sambabhūva viśvasya kartā bhuvanasya goptā, sa brahma-vidyāṁ sarva-vidyā-pratiṣṭhām arthavāya jyeṣṭha-putrāya prāha; artharvaṇe yām pravadeta brahmātharvā tām purovācāṅgire brahma-vidyām, sa bhāradvājāya satyavāhāya prāha bhāradvājo’ṇgirase parāvarām (1.1.1-2).
    [Show full text]
  • Krishna-Voice-February-2021.Pdf
    2 Krishna Voice, February 2021 Vol 22, No.2 February 2021 CONTENTS The Source of Spiritual Strength 4 Srila Prabhupada Speaks Out 8 Krishna Conscious Family Life 10 Tilaka: The Mark of God 13 Thiruvallikeni Parthasarathy Perumal Temple - Part 1 15 His Divine Grace A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Acharya Prabhupada, Founder- of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness, came to America in 1965, at age 69, to fulfill his spiritual master’s request that he teach the science of Krishna consciousness throughout the English- speaking world. In a dozen years he published some seventy volumes of translation and commentary on India’s Vedic literature, and these are now standard in universities worldwide. Pages-28 Meanwhile, travelling almost nonstop, Srila Prabhupada moulded his international society into a world wide confederation of ashramas, Published and owned by Sankirtana Seva Trust. Editor: schools, temples and farm communities. He Chamari Devi Dasi. Layout, design and graphics by passed away in 1977, in Vrindavana, the place ISKCON Design Group, Bangalore. most sacred to Lord Krishna. His disciples and For all information contact: Editor, Krishna Voice, SST, followers are carrying forward the movement he Hare Krishna Hill, Chord Road, Bangalore - 560 010 started. INDIA Phone: 91-80-2347 1956, 91-80-2357 8346 To know more about Srila Prabhupada visit Fax: 91-80-2357 8625. www.iskconbangalore.org/srila-prabhupada © 2021 Sankirtana Seva Trust, Bangalore. All Krishna art and the works of Srila Prabhupada are © Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. All rights reserved throughout the world. Reproduction in any manner is strictly prohibited. Disclaimer: We neither represent nor endorse the accuracy or reliability or the quality of any products, information, or other materials displayed, purchased, or obtained by you as a result of an offer in connection with any of the advertisements published in our magazine.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa SALYA
    The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa SALYA PARVA translated by Kesari Mohan Ganguli In parentheses Publications Sanskrit Series Cambridge, Ontario 2002 Salya Parva Section I Om! Having bowed down unto Narayana and Nara, the most exalted of male beings, and the goddess Saraswati, must the word Jaya be uttered. Janamejaya said, “After Karna had thus been slain in battle by Savyasachin, what did the small (unslaughtered) remnant of the Kauravas do, O regenerate one? Beholding the army of the Pandavas swelling with might and energy, what behaviour did the Kuru prince Suyodhana adopt towards the Pandavas, thinking it suitable to the hour? I desire to hear all this. Tell me, O foremost of regenerate ones, I am never satiated with listening to the grand feats of my ancestors.” Vaisampayana said, “After the fall of Karna, O king, Dhritarashtra’s son Suyodhana was plunged deep into an ocean of grief and saw despair on every side. Indulging in incessant lamentations, saying, ‘Alas, oh Karna! Alas, oh Karna!’ he proceeded with great difficulty to his camp, accompanied by the unslaughtered remnant of the kings on his side. Thinking of the slaughter of the Suta’s son, he could not obtain peace of mind, though comforted by those kings with excellent reasons inculcated by the scriptures. Regarding destiny and necessity to be all- powerful, the Kuru king firmly resolved on battle. Having duly made Salya the generalissimo of his forces, that bull among kings, O monarch, proceeded for battle, accompanied by that unslaughtered remnant of his forces. Then, O chief of Bharata’s race, a terrible battle took place between the troops of the Kurus and those of the Pandavas, resembling that between the gods and the Asuras.
    [Show full text]
  • Mz-Issue-12.Pdf
    the minison zine The Minison Project © all our wonderful, respective authors issue 12 index ASIAN MYTHS: Regina Jade ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Ankur Jyoti Saikia ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Pramod Subbaraman .............................................................................................................................................. 8 Oormila Vijayakrishnan Prahlad ....................................................................................................................... 9 Sanjana Ramanathan ........................................................................................................................................... 10 GREEK MYTHS: Sadie Maskery ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Alison Bainbridge .................................................................................................................................................. 14 Arden Hunter .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Ankur Jyoti Saikia .................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Puranas, Which Are Believed to Have Been Written After His Birth
    Newsletter Archives www.dollsofindia.com Hinduism vs Buddhism Complementary or Contrary? Copyright © 2012, DollsofIndia Many experts on religion have been debating and still continue to debate on the issue of Hinduism vs. Buddhism. While certain schools of thought believe that Buddhism is an offshoot of Hinduism and that the Buddha was essentially part of the Hindu pantheon, this view is not quite acceptable to Buddhists. Of course, it is widely understood and acknowledged that Buddhism as a religion became popular in India during a revolutionary movement that took place to abolish oppression and extreme orthodoxy prevalent in the then Indian milieu. In this article, we discuss the topic of Hinduism and Buddhism as two of India's most ancient and most popular religions, also going in-depth into their similarities and their differences. Buy this Wall Hanging Buy this Statuette BUDDHIST SYMBOL HINDU SYMBOL Hinduism and Buddhism - Complementary Religions Before proceeding further with this study, it is imperative to state that Hinduism and Buddhism are very ancient religions, both originating from the Indian subcontinent. They share a unique relationship; very similar in nature, but also apart from each other; much like Christianity and Judaism. Strangely enough, Buddha was believed to be born in a Hindu family, just like Jesus Christ was born in a Jewish family. Buddhism in India blossomed as a result of people seeking freedom from an extremely oppressive, caste-ridden society, which stipulated strict norms of ritualistic worship, and granted special status to just a handful of the "privileged class" of society, while looking down upon the rest of the population.
    [Show full text]
  • Budhadeva (Mercury Planet)
    Budha-deva (Mercury Planet) When Chandradeva (the Moon) came of age, he conquered he three worlds and several times performed the Rajasuya sacrifice, which gives Lordship. Nine goddesses served him as well as many other deities. Then, having achieved rare glory, he became inordinately arrogant and overstepped the boundaries of propriety. Chandradeva was the chief disciple of Jupiter (Brihaspatideva), the guru of the celestials and was also the favourite of Tara (The Star), Jupiter's wife, who was attracted to him by his character, nature and beauty. Once it so happened - when Jupiter was away on an errand for the Devas, Tara and Chandradeva eloped. When Jupiter returned home, he found out that his wife was gone, and discovered her whereabouts, and several times sent messages to the Moon requesting his wife©s return. Chandradeva, however, repeatedly refused to comply with these requests, maintaining that Tara had accompanied him on her own accord and would leave only when she was satiated with him. These replies so infuriated Jupiter that he communicated with them to his disciple Lord Indra deva, who sent an ultimatum to the Moon. When the Moon refused to yield, Indra deva then commenced a war. Venus and the asuras (demons) took the side of the Moon in this war, because of the ongoing enmity between Jupiter and Venus, while Lord Shiva took the side of the devas for his love and respect for his preceptor Angiras Maha Rishi, the Rishi who was Jupiter©s father. As the battle was due to the desire (kama) for Tara, it was known as Tara-kaamayam.
    [Show full text]
  • Beaten-Path Adventures, Samadhi Retreats Lands Its first Villa in Thailand
    the SAMA DHI S TAT E OF MIND | ADV ENTURE | CUL TURE | T R A V E L | CUISINE ISSUE 4 JANUARY TO MARCH SAMADHIAN 2018 A trailblazer for immersive, o-the- beaten-path adventures, Samadhi Retreats lands its first villa in Thailand. The Samadhi Chiang Mai Chiang Mai: the former seat of the ancient Lanna Kingdom and a centre for culture and religion in Thailand. With dense jungles to the north, bustling markets along its streets, and over 300 Buddhist temples to explore, it is no wonder the city is commonly called the, “Rose of the North” by the locals. KEY FEATURES Along the banks of the gently meandering Ping River will sit The Samadhi - a private • 330 square metres of living space hideaway just 20 minutes away from the town, intimately entwined with the fabric of • 21 square metre private pool the local Thai community. With 21 quaint rooms and 5 villas in the Lanna design, each • 17 kilometres from the city individual retreat will be built amidst rice plantations, organic vegetable farms, and • Situated along the river bank flower fields owned and managed by members of the local community. • Views of the riverbank and the Doi Suthep mountain • Surrounded by organic gardens Take a boat ride down the river to Chiang Mai city centre for a day of exploration, • Butler, Housekeeping and Maintenance services by Samadhi Retreats or head into the outskirts and visit one of the six main hill tribes for a truly intimate insight into their traditions and rich culture. The Samadhi is set to open end 2018, and 5 villas are currently available for sale.
    [Show full text]
  • Teachings of Lord Kapila” by His Divine Grace A.C
    “Teachings of Lord Kapila” by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This is an evaluation copy of the printed version of this book, and is NOT FOR RESALE. This evaluation copy is intended for personal non-commercial use only, under the “fair use” guidelines established by international copyright laws. You may use this electronic file to evaluate the printed version of this book, for your own private use, or for short excerpts used in academic works, research, student papers, presentations, and the like. You can distribute this evaluation copy to others over the Internet, so long as you keep this copyright information intact. You may not reproduce more than ten percent (10%) of this book in any media without the express written permission from the copyright holders. Reference any excerpts in the following way: “Excerpted from “Teachings of Lord Kapila” by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, courtesy of the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, www.Krishna.com .” This book and electronic file is Copyright 1977-2003 Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, 3764 Watseka Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90034, USA. All rights reserved. For any questions, comments, correspondence, or to evaluate dozens of other books in this collection, visit the website of the publishers, www.Krishna.com . Foreword Kapila Muni, a renowned sage of antiquity, is the author of the philosophical system known as Sankhya, which forms an important part of lndia's ancient philosophical heritage. Sankhya is both a system of metaphysics, dealing with the elemental principles of the physical universe, and a system of spiritual knowledge, with its own methodology, culminating in full consciousness of the Supreme Absolute.
    [Show full text]