APPENDICES

1. Biography of the author Charlotte Bronte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, in the north of England in the 1816. She is one of the famous Bronte’s sisters beside Emily and Anne. Charlotte was the daughter of Anglican clergyman who had moved with his family to Haworth among the Yorkshire anchor in 1820. After their mother and two eldest children died, Charlotte was left with her sisters Emily and Anne and brother Branwell to the care of their father and their strict and religious aunt, Elisabeth Branwell. To escape their unhappy surroundings, the children listened stories about the often-violent behavior of the country folk. When other children enjoyed playing in outdoor, Charlotte Bronte with her sisters created imaginery kingdoms, which were built around Branwell’s toy soldiers, and which inspired them to create continuing stories of fantasylands of Angria and Gondal. Charlotte attended Clergy Daughter’s school in Lancashire in 1824. She returned home next year because of the harsh conditions. In 1831 she went to school at Roe Head, where she later worked as a teacher. However, she fell ill, suffered from melancholia, and gave up this post. Charlotte’s attempts to earn his living as a governess were hindered by her disabling shyness, her ignorance of normal children, and her yearning to be with her sisters. In 1842, Charlotte traveled to Brussels with Emily to learn French, German, and management. Her attempt to open a school failed in 1844. The collections of poems, Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell (1846), which she wrote with her sisters, sold only two copies. By this time, the sisters had finished a novel. However, Charlotte’s first novel, never found a publisher in her lifetime. On the other hand, Emily’s and Anne’s were accepted by Thomas Newby in 1847 and published next year. Undeterred by her own rejection, Charlotte began , which appeared in 1847, and become an immediate success. in 1848 and in 1853, based on her memories of Brussels, followed it. Although her identity was well known, Charlotte continued to publish as Currer bell. In 1854, Charlotte married her father’s curate, Arthur Bell Nicholls. She died during her pregnancy on March 31, 1855 in Haworth, Yorkshire. In the past forty years Charlotte Bronte’s reputation has risen rapidly, and feminist criticism has done much to show that she was speaking up for oppressed women of every age.

2. Synopsis This novel tells a story about a woman, Frances Henri who is urging for self- expression and her need for emotional support. As an orphan and has no relatives (since her aunt passed away), Frances Henri has accustomed to be independent. She becomes a teacher for lace mending in Mademoiselle Reuter’s school. She also continues her education by being a pupil in that school. All of these activities are done by Frances Henri in order to achieve her ambition to have a school of her own. She tells Crimsworth (her teacher) about her dream and hope. She hopes to have a better occupation by moving to England and becoming a French teacher there. However, her efforts meet an obstacle. Mademoiselle Reuter with any feeling of jealousy dismisses Frances Henri when she find out that Crimsworth is falling in love with Frances Henri. After a long time of searching, finally, Crimsworth finds Frances Henri in cemetery. That is the time when they restart to have a relationship. They share stories each other. By that moment Crimsworth finds out that Frances Henri needs help. Crimsworth offers financial support to Frances Henri, but she refuses it. As a result, Crimsworth decides to leave some money in her house without her knowledgement, hoping that she will find it and use it for her needs. Nevertheless, Frances Henri wants to return the money. However, Crimsworth convinces her that she needs the money; therefore she has to accept the money. Nevertheless, Frances Henri still refuses to accept the money. In her mind, it is a satisfaction to owe no man anything. It also means that she has the idea of self- supporting. Crimsworth’s sympathy and help are continuing. It becomes spirit for Frances Henri to continue her life and career. When Crimsworth propose her, she provides one condition that she can continue her career with the reason of helping Crimsworth to support the family’s income. In facts, by doing so, Frances Henri becomes a head of time. Although Frances Henri still continuing her career, it does not make her ignore her responsibility as housewife. She is able to change her behavior from the energetic resourcefulness of ‘madame the directress’ to the ‘willing homage’ of Frances Henri. Furthermore, she gives much respect to her husband, looking up to him and seeing him as her mentor. Therefore, there is a harmony in Frances Henri’s marriage life. As a result, Frances Henri and Crimsworth live happily. Their happiness is increased by the existence of their son. Moreover, both Frances Henri and Crimsworth succeed in their career; Crimsworth succeed in his profession and Frances Henri starts a new school of her own.