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												![Bcpct]Ttsbc^Prc U^A Dq[XRV^^S](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/0191/bcpct-ttsbc-prc-u-a-dq-xrv-s-160191.webp)  Bcpct]Ttsbc^Prc U^A Dq[XRV^^S6 < %()(=#%% 53%7==,>3='$()6(=#%% (#-'>3='$()6(=#%% $'()"*$+&,- %( !"# $$%& 2(*3-% (566)(37)% 3 0 4 $5 3 $1 2 0 .8 9 8 ++0 0 .:; . !" . / 01 $ %'( $) '# *' it for the last eight to nine notable achievements to its months, “where is the UN in name in the 75 years of its aking a strong case for a this joint fight. Where is the experience, including the pre- Msignificant role for India effective response.” vention of a third world war, in the United Nations, Prime Focussing on a more “we can’t deny terrorist attacks 0 Minister Narendra Modi on prominent role for India in the shook the world”. Saturday stressed the need for UN and fight against corona, “We have successfully ne of the oldest partners changes in the international the Prime Minister avoided avoided a third world war but Oof the BJP — the body and questioned its posi- making any reference to ongo- we cannot deny many wars Shiromani Akali Dal — which tion in fighting the coron- ing tension at the Line of happened, many civil wars has been with it through thick avirus pandemic. Actual Control (LAC) and happened. Terrorist attack and thin for decades, finally He also assured the global frosty ties with Pakistan in his shook the world. Blood was quit the National Democratic Q community that India will pro- 20-minute speech. He also did spilled. Those were killed were Alliance (NDA) on Saturday, vide corona vaccine to the not respond to Pakistan Prime like you and me. Children left signaling a complete political world as it is the world’s biggest Minister Imran Khan’s remarks the world prematurely,” he said.
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												  Overview of Aarogya Setu Application Shweta Devidas Kedare1International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Overview of Aarogya Setu Application Shweta Devidas Kedare1 1Shweta Devidas Kedare, Department of Master of Computer Application, ASM IMCOST, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The app - Aarogya Setu, which means "bridge to health" in Sanskrit -It is an Indian app which was launched on April 2nd 2020, by Indian government. It is designed as a Coronavirus, or COVID-19 contact tracing app that uses the Bluetooth and location technology in phones to note when you are near another user who also uses the Aarogya Setu app. In case someone you have come in close proximity to is confirmed infected, you are alerted. The app alerts are produced by instructions on how to self-isolate and what to do in case you develop symptoms. Basically this app gives basic information about Covid-19, including hygiene and social distancing protocols. It also has details of how one could donate to the prime minister’s coronavirus-specific relief fund, PM-Cares. India has made it mandatory for government and private sector employees to download it But users and experts in India and around the world say the app raises huge data security concerns. KeyWords: security, data, private, information, COVID-19, technology, location, bluetooth, proximity, etc. 1. INTRODUCTION Since the risk of COVID-19 started increasing in India so, The government of India decided to launch the application, name Aarogya Setu, which was intended to monitor the ratio of COVID-19 patients in India .This app is an updated version of an earlier app called Corona Kavach (now discontinued) which was released earlier by the Government of India.
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												  A Review of India's Contact-Tracing App, Aarogya SetuDoc Title A Review of India’s Contact-Tracing App, Aarogya Setu A - Front Page two line title ARTICLE A Review of India’s Contact-tracing App, Aarogya Setu The Government of India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) agency launched Aarogya Setu, a contact-tracing mobile application. Aarogya Setu has been created by the National Informatic Centre (NIC) in response to the COVID-19 crisis, as a way to collect and understand public health-related data.1 The application uses mobile phones to perform a cross reference of individuals’ data with the database held by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), “On various online discussion which was specially created as part of ongoing COVID-19 testing infrastructure. forums, there is significant The purpose of Aarogya Setu is to notify users whether they have been exposed interest in the workings of this to COVID-19, by checking their proximity to known patients. In the event of a government- managed app match, the application will warn other users in the area that an infected person and its use of personal and is in their proximity. According to the press release dated May 26, 2020 available sensitive user data..”123 on mygov.in website, roughly 114 million users have adopted the app.2 Aarogya Setu also collects some sensitive personal information including gender and recent travel information. This has raised privacy and security questions. This whitepaper evaluates the functionality and data privacy aspects of the application. About Aarogya Setu Aarogya Setu app is a self-assessment disease monitoring app launched by the Indian government.
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												  Covid-19 Tracing Contacts Apps: Technical and Privacy IssuesInt. J. Advance Soft Compu. Appl, Vol. 12, No. 3, November 2020 ISSN 2074-8523; Copyright © ICSRS Publication, 2020 www.i-csrs.org Covid-19 Tracing Contacts Apps: Technical and Privacy Issues Salaheddin J. Juneidi Computer Engineering Department, Palestine Technical University Khadoorei1, Hebron, West Bank Palestine. e-mail: [email protected] Received 20 July 2020; Accepted 5 October 2020 Abstract Since the start of the year 2020 the world is facing an outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, technical specialists all over the universe have been scrambling to develop services, apps, and system’s protocols for contactors tracing, with the objective to identify and to notify everyone that gets close with an individual carrier. Some of these apps are lightweight and temporary, while others are diffuse and aggressive. Some of tracing services are developed locally by small interested programmers, while others are large-scale international operations. To date, we have recognized more than 25 large automated contact tracing efforts around the globe, included with details about what they were, how they worked, and the procedures and conditions that were put in place around them. This paper will deal with general data of the most prominent applications in terms of technical approaches used in the world and compare them with regard to the efficiency of tracking covid-19 and compare them with concerning of the people’s privacy who use these apps. Keywords: Covid-19, GPS location, Blue trace, Google/Apple, DP-3T, Apps, Privacy. 1. Introduction Many applications, services and systems have been proposed and launched [1] with an aim to track and identify infected people with objective to reduce or even to prevent physical contact with other people, some of these tracking 1 Special thanks to Palestine Technical University -Khadoorei for continuous support of research efforts Salaheddin J.
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												  Determinants of Childhood Immunisation Coverage in Urban Poor Settlements of Delhi, India: a Cross-Sectional StudyOpen Access Research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013015 on 26 August 2016. Downloaded from Determinants of childhood immunisation coverage in urban poor settlements of Delhi, India: a cross-sectional study Niveditha Devasenapathy,1 Suparna Ghosh Jerath,1 Saket Sharma,1 Elizabeth Allen,2 Anuraj H Shankar,3 Sanjay Zodpey1 To cite: Devasenapathy N, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Ghosh Jerath S, Sharma S, Objectives: Aggregate data on childhood et al. Determinants of immunisation from urban settings may not reflect the ▪ childhood immunisation We report current estimates of childhood com- coverage among the urban poor. This study provides coverage in urban plete immunisation including hepatitis B vaccine poor settlements of Delhi, information on complete childhood immunisation coverage from representative urban poor com- India: a cross-sectional study. coverage among the urban poor, and explores its munities in the Southeast of Delhi. BMJ Open 2016;6:e013015. household and neighbourhood-level determinants. ▪ The sample size was large and therefore our doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016- Setting: Urban poor community in the Southeast effect estimates for coverage and determinants 013015 district of Delhi, India. were precise. Participants: We randomly sampled 1849 children ▪ We quantify unknown neighbourhood effects on ▸ Prepublication history and aged 1–3.5 years from 13 451 households in 39 this outcome using median ORs which are more additional material is clusters (cluster defined as area covered by a intuitively understood. available. To view please visit community health worker) in 2 large urban poor ▪ Based on the data, representative of only one the journal (http://dx.doi.org/ settlements.
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												  Extend the Lockdown Till May 31, 2020Press Information Bureau Government of India ***** Extension of Lockdown up to May 31, 2020 States to decide various Zones and Activities to be allowed in these Zones; Certain activities to remain prohibited throughout the Country National Directives for COVID-19 Management continue to be in force throughout the Country Night Curfew to continue to remain in force New Delhi, May 17, 2020 Lockdown measures in place since March 24, 2020 have helped considerably in containing the spread of COVID-19. It has therefore been decided to further extend the lockdown till May 31, 2020. Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India (GoI) issued an order, today, under the Disaster Management (DM) Act, 2005, in this regard. The salient features of the new guidelines are as follows: States to decide various Zones Under the new guidelines, States and Union Territories (UTs) will now delineate Red, Green and Orange zones taking into consideration the parameters shared by the Health Ministry. The zones can be a district, or a municipal corporation/ municipality or even smaller administrative units such as sub-divisions, etc, as decided by States and UTs. Within the red and orange zones, containment and buffer zones will be demarcated by the local authorities, after taking into consideration the Health Ministry guidelines. Within the containment zones, only essential activities shall be allowed. Strict perimeter control shall be maintained, and no movement of persons would be allowed, except for medical emergencies and for maintaining supply of essential goods and services. Buffer zones are areas adjoining each containment zone, where new cases are more likely to appear.
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												  Analysis of the Universal Immunization Programme and IntroductionVaccine 32S (2014) A151–A161 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Vaccine j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/vaccine Analysis of the Universal Immunization Programme and introduction of a rotavirus vaccine in India with IndiaSim a a,b a c Itamar Megiddo , Abigail R. Colson , Arindam Nandi , Susmita Chatterjee , d e a,b,c,∗ Shankar Prinja , Ajay Khera , Ramanan Laxminarayan a Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington, DC, USA b Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA c Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India d School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India e Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India a b s t r a c t Background and objectives: India has the highest under-five death toll globally, approximately 20% of which is attributed to vaccine-preventable diseases. India’s Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is working both to increase immunization coverage and to introduce new vaccines. Here, we analyze the disease and financial burden alleviated across India’s population (by wealth quintile, rural or urban area, and state) through increasing vaccination rates and introducing a rotavirus vaccine. Methods: We use IndiaSim, a simulated agent-based model (ABM) of the Indian population (including socio-economic characteristics and immunization status) and the health system to model three interventions. In the first intervention, a rotavirus vaccine is introduced at the current DPT3 immunization coverage level in India. In the second intervention, coverage of three doses of rotavirus and DPT and one dose of the measles vaccine are increased to 90% randomly across the population.
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												  Privacy Framework for Aarogya SetuPrivacy Framework FOR the Aarogya Setu App Working Paper | Version 1.0 Privacy Framework for the Aarogya Setu App “Life is like the harp string, if it is strung too tight it won’t play, if it is too loose it hangs, the tension that produces the beautiful sound lies in the middle.” - Gautam Buddha Authors Pranav Bhaskar Tiwari1, Ayush Tripathi2, Harsh Bajpai3, Karthik Venkatesh4, Arya Tripathy5 & Kazim Rizvi6. 1 Policy Research Associate, The Dialogue 2 Policy Research Associate, The Dialogue 3 Research Scholar, Durham University 4 Strategic Engagement and Research Fellow, The Dialogue 5 Principal Associate, Priti Suri & Associates 6 Founding Director, The Dialogue © The Dialogue | 6.5.2020 1 Working Paper | Version 1.0 Index Executive Summary 3 Legal Challenges and Way Forward 3 Privacy Challenges and Way Forward 4 Recommendations 5 1. Background 6 1.1 COVID-19 Pandemic - A Socio-Economic Challenge 8 1.2 Technology as a resource to combat the outbreak 9 1.3 Citizen’s Participation Must - A Fundamental Duty to protect our Communities 10 1.4 Aarogya Setu 11 1.5 Right to Health and Right to Privacy to be harmonised 11 1.6 Proportionality at the heart of Reasonable Restrictions 12 2. Privacy Central to Mass Deployment of the App 14 2.1 Citizen Trust is Critical 14 2.2 Immediate Solution Vs. Preventing Future Harm? 16 2.3 Community Rights Vs. Individual Rights 17 3. The Privacy Framework 19 3.1 Legality 26 3.2 Transparency and Verifiability 20 3.3 Voluntariness 26 3.4 Data Minimisation 26 3.5 Anonymisation 26 3.6 Storage of Data 26 3.7 Grievance Redressal Mechanism & Accountability 26 3.8 Sunset Clause 27 3.9 Access to Data 28 3.10 Data Sharing 29 3.11 Integration of Data Sets 30 3.12 Scope/Function Creep 31 3.13 Auditing 31 3.14 Public Confidence 32 © The Dialogue | 6.5.2020 2 Working Paper | Version 1.0 Executive Summary Technology is one of the tools in the fight against the pandemic and Governments around the world have been deploying technological solutions to tackle the threat posed by COVID-19.
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												  Management of COVID-19 a Handbook for Family PhysiciansManagement of COVID-19 A Handbook for Family Physicians Dr. Alok Sharma, MS, Mch Dr. Hemangi Sane, MD, (Internal Medicine) Dr. Nandini Gokulchandran, MD Dr. Balaji Tuppekar, MD (Pulmonary Medicine) Dr. Prakash Gote, DA Ms. Pooja Kulkarni, M.Sc. Scientic and Editorial Co-ordinator Dr. Apeksha Kalvit, B.P.T., M.P.T. (Neuro-Paediatric) Physiotherapist NeuroGen DCH & KLS Wellness Institute Publication Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. www.neurogenbsi.com Management of COVID-19 1 Management of COVID-19 A Handbook for Family Physicians © 2021 by NeuroGen Brain and Spine Institute All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for the brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. This book is basically a compilation of information / literature on the available on the topic, from various sources (which have been acknowledged duly). However, this is by no means an exhaustive resource, since the eld is evolving at a very rapid pace. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and author will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error(s). Published by NeuroGen DCH, Navi Mumbai, India Cover Page by John Julius Printed by Surekha Press, A-20, Shalimar Industrial Estate, Matunga Labour Camp, Mumbai 400 019. Tel.: 2409 3877, 2404 3877 2 Management of COVID-19 Management of COVID-19 3 CONTENTS Section (A) - About Covid 1. Introduction Chapter for Book Management of COVID for family physicians................................................................................................
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												  Why Is the Vaccination Rate Low in India?medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.21250216; this version posted February 18, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Why is the Vaccination Rate Low in India? First Version: 21st January 2021 This Version: 15th February 2021 Pramod Kumar Sur Asian Growth Research Institute (AGI) and Osaka University [email protected] Abstract India has had an established universal immunization program since 1985 and immunization services are available for free in healthcare facilities. Despite this, India has one of the lowest vaccination rates globally and contributes to the largest pool of under-vaccinated children in the world. Why is the vaccination rate low in India? This paper explores the importance of historical events in shaping India’s current vaccination practices. We examine India’s aggressive family planning program implemented during the period of emergency rule in the 1970s, under which millions of individuals were forcibly sterilized. We find that greater exposure to the forced sterilization policy has had negative effects on the current vaccination rate. We also find that institutional delivery and antenatal care are currently low in states where policy exposure is high. Together, the evidence suggests that the forced sterilization policy has had a persistent effect on current health-seeking behavior in India. Keywords: Vaccination, family planning, sterilization, institutional delivery, antenatal care, persistence JEL Classification: N35, I15, I18, O53, Z1 NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.
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												  A Brief History of Vaccines & Vaccination in India[Downloaded free from http://www.ijmr.org.in on Wednesday, August 26, 2020, IP: 14.139.60.52] Review Article Indian J Med Res 139, April 2014, pp 491-511 A brief history of vaccines & vaccination in India Chandrakant Lahariya Formerly Department of Community Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, India Received December 31, 2012 The challenges faced in delivering lifesaving vaccines to the targeted beneficiaries need to be addressed from the existing knowledge and learning from the past. This review documents the history of vaccines and vaccination in India with an objective to derive lessons for policy direction to expand the benefits of vaccination in the country. A brief historical perspective on smallpox disease and preventive efforts since antiquity is followed by an overview of 19th century efforts to replace variolation by vaccination, setting up of a few vaccine institutes, cholera vaccine trial and the discovery of plague vaccine. The early twentieth century witnessed the challenges in expansion of smallpox vaccination, typhoid vaccine trial in Indian army personnel, and setting up of vaccine institutes in almost each of the then Indian States. In the post-independence period, the BCG vaccine laboratory and other national institutes were established; a number of private vaccine manufacturers came up, besides the continuation of smallpox eradication effort till the country became smallpox free in 1977. The Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI) (1978) and then Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) (1985) were launched in India. The intervening events since UIP till India being declared non-endemic for poliomyelitis in 2012 have been described. Though the preventive efforts from diseases were practiced in India, the reluctance, opposition and a slow acceptance of vaccination have been the characteristic of vaccination history in the country.
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											DGN Paper 12 Draft 2.CdrNovember 2020 Working Paper 12 “I took Allah's name and stepped out”: Bodies, Data and Embodied Experiences of Surveillance and Control during COVID-19 in India Radhika Radhakrishnan Data Governance Network The Data Governance Network is developing a multi-disciplinary community of researchers tackling India's next policy frontiers: data-enabled policymaking and the digital economy. At DGN, we work to cultivate and communicate research stemming from diverse viewpoints on market regulation, information privacy and digital rights. Our hope is to generate balanced and networked perspectives on data governance — thereby helping governments make smart policy choices which advance the empowerment and protection of individuals in today's data-rich environment. About Us The Internet Democracy Project works towards realising feminist visions of the digital in society, by exploring and addressing power imbalances in the areas of norms, governance and infrastructure in India and beyond Disclaimer and Terms of Use The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the organization. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Design Cactus Communications Suggested Citation: Radhakrishnan, R. (2020). “I took Allah's name and stepped out”: Bodies, Data and Embodied Experiences of Surveillance and Control during COVID-19 in India. Data Governance Network Working Paper 12. Supported by a grant from Omidyar Network Abstract This paper presents a study of COVID-19 in India to illustrate how surveillance is increasing control over bodies of individuals, and how the dominant framework of data as a resource is facilitating this control.