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Digital Object Memories in the Internet of Things Workshop: (DOME-Iot 2010) Digital Object Memories in the Internet of Things Workshop (DOME-IoT 2010) Michael Schneider, Alexander Kröner, Thomas Plötz Fahim Kawsar, Gerd Kortuem Peter Stephan Newcastle University Lancaster University German Research Center for AI [email protected] {f.kawsar,kortuem}@comp.lancs.ac.uk {firstname.lastname}@dfki.de ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Everyday objects tagged with sensors and actuators that Ubiquitous computing is instigating a transformation of our communicate and cooperate provide the foundation of the environment into an information sphere spread across time Internet of Things. Most applications in the Internet of and space by combining sensing and software services with Things deal with information related to such objects in the physical world. This essentially creates novel design one or other way, whilst Digital Object Memories comprise opportunities for everyday artifacts. Their behavior is hardware and software components, which together provide determined by software and affords us to build imaginative an open and universal platform that allows for the continuous new forms of interaction and functionalities that dramatically capture and conceptual and/or physical association of digital enhances their well-established features. Our physical space information with physical objects. As such, they support now represents an ecological synergy of networked smart information exchange and reuse across environments and artifacts tagged with awareness technologies - computational applications, and pave the way for novel kinds of memory, sensors and actuators. This unfolds a range of applications and services. The goal of this workshop is to imaginative possibilities to discover, manage, compose, unite these two perspectives on connected objects and object coordinate, and control physical space to realize personalized memory in a hybrid workshop format that combines and coordinated behavior within and across devices and traditional presentations and discussion with a practical provide the foundation for the Internet of Things. experiment. Most applications in the Internet of Things (IoT) deal with Author Keywords information related to such networked objects in the one or Ubiquitous Computing, Digital Object Memories, Internet of other way. While there has been significant research efforts Things, Intelligent Environments, Object-Centered surrounding sensor and actuation technologies, yet the aspect Information Management. of computational memory (Digital Object Memory) of these networked smart objects are not being addressed adequately. ACM Classification Keywords Digital Object Memories comprise hardware and software C2.4 [Computer-Communication Networks] Distributed components, which together provide an open and universal Systems, H.3.2 [Information Storage and Retrieval] platform that allows for the capturing and conceptual and/or Information Storage, H.5 [Information Interfaces and physical association of digital information with physical Presentation], I.2.11 [Artificial Intelligence] Distributed objects. As such, they support information exchange and Artificial Intelligence, J.7 [Computers in Other Systems]. reuse across environments and applications, and pave the way for novel kinds of applications and services – e.g., in General Terms form of self-monitoring objects or by providing physical Algorithms, Design, Experimentation, Human Factors, Legal containers and icons for human memories and experiences. Aspects, Performance, Reliability, Security, Standardization, Theory The purpose of “DOME-IoT” is to bring together researchers from a variety of disciplines (computer scientist, electrical engineers, designers, social scientists, etc.) to discuss various aspects of Digital Object Memories and their significance with respect to IoT applications. “DOME-IoT 2010” is a merged event of two successful workshop series, e.g., DIPSO Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for 2007-09 in conjunction with Ubicomp 2007-09 and DOMe personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are 2009 in conjunction with IE 2009. The workshop aims to not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies explore synergies from the overlapping of the particular bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, objectives and topics of interest of both workshops, and to or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. bring together their research communities. Follow the earlier UbiComp’10, September 26–29, 2010, Copenhagen, Denmark. workshops’ goals, the workshop is an attempt to extract and Copyright 2010 ACM 978-1-4503-0283-8/10/09...$10.00. extrapolate from the current state-of-the art best practices to rationalize the design and applications of Digital Object 527 Memories in the IoT. The major workshop activity will computing. Bruce Sterling recently popularized the idea of contain lively discussion phases structured around some smart objects and the Internet of Things; Sterling coined the concrete agendas. term spime [1] to describe a new category of space-time objects that are aware of their surroundings and can TOPICS memorize real-world events. Julian Bleeker advocated a Topics of relevance to the area of Digital Object Memories in similar notion of blogjects (objects that blog) in his the Internet of Things in general and “DOMe-IoT 2010” in “Manifesto for Networked Objects” [2]. This more visionary particular include (but are not limited to): work has been met by a growing body of technology- and business-focused research on RFID, smart objects, and smart - Architectures: General architectures and middleware products [3]. approaches which allow for the realization of object memory functionality. This includes infrastructures for Roy Want and his colleagues augmented physical objects the centralized or distributed capturing, organizing, with passive RFID tags so that they were uniquely storing, and exploiting of object-related information, identifiable and information related to them could be directly on the physical object itself or based on some presented to their users [4]. Michael Beigl and his colleagues remote infrastructure. defined a smart object as an everyday artifact augmented with computing and communication, enabling it to establish - Memory Content Representation and Modeling: and exchange information about itself with other artifacts Formats for memory content items, discussion of and/or computer applications” [5]. Friedemann Mattern standards and best-practice knowledge concerning the formulated in a similar way: “Smart objects might be able to representation of object-related knowledge. not only to communicate with people and other smart objects, - Memory Creation: Technologies and concepts for the but also to discover where they are, which other objects are manual, semi-automatic, or automatic creation of whole in the vicinity, and what has happened to them in the past” memories or single memory entries. This includes [6]. Norbert Streitz and his colleagues looked at smart objects physical sensor readings, information inferred from from two perspectives: one model has system-oriented, external sources, and user-generated content. importunate smartness in which smart objects can take certain self-directed actions based on previously collected - Data Mining: Information stored in a digital object information; the other is people-oriented, empowering memory might be analyzed in order to discover typical smartness where smart objects empower users to make usage patterns or anomalies. Such information might help decisions and take mature and responsible actions [7]. Most human users or other environments to better deal with recent work on smart objects has focused on technical these objects. aspects (hardware platforms, software infrastructure, and so - Human Memory Access: This topic comprises on [8,9]) and application scenarios. Application areas range technologies and concepts to make an object memory’s from supply-chain management and enterprise applications content accessible to human users. One of the major [10] to (home and hospital) healthcare [10] and industrial challenges here is how to structure, relate, prepare, and workplace support [11-15]. Human-interface aspects of explain the wide variety of diverse data that might be smart-object technology are just beginning to receive contained in the memory due to its open nature. attention [16]. Yet design principles and methods for smart - Applications: Application scenarios of Digital Object objects that go beyond mere hardware have yet to be Memories and existing prototypes. explored, e.g. by exploring the smart object design space and - Privacy and Legal Aspects: Who “owns” the data stored identifying canonical smart object types (see also Fahim in an object memory, who can access/delete/correct it? Kawsar’s dissertation [17]). How long must/should memory content be stored, and If continuous records of object-related information are can I trust the information provided in a Digital Object collected and linked to the physical objects, this data can be Memory? exploited for a broad range of applications. For instance, the - Social Implications: Digital Object Memories have the electronic pedigree [18] aims at protecting consumers from potential to change the way we perceive our surrounding. contaminated medicine or counterfeit drugs. It establishes a Not only humans now can tell their personal story,
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