Issue 24. December 2007

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INSCRIPTIONS

The Newsletter of the Friends of the Egypt Centre, Swansea

Issue 24 Egypt Centre shortlisted for December 2007 national award The Egypt Centre was shortlisted in a national award scheme for In this issue: its excellence in encouraging people to consider higher education. Egypt Centre shortlisted for national award 1 This Times Higher Education Supplement Award for the widening “And what exactly does the Chair participation initiative of the year is backed by the Higher Education of the Friends do?” 2 Funding Council for England. It is awarded to the most imaginative and by Claire Edwards innovative project that encourages potential students from non-traditional Editorial 3 backgrounds to enter higher education. View From The Chair 3 The Egypt Centre made the Times Higher Awards shortlist of just six by Claire Edwards initiatives for its volunteer programme and award-winning Saturday Introducing Jayne 3 workshops for socially and economically disadvantaged children, which allow children who would not normally set foot in a university to develop The National Wool Museum & their confidence, skills and aspirations. The workshops aim to raise Tenby trip 4 by Avril Rolph standards of literacy and numeracy and, more importantly, to raise confidence in children who are socially or economically disadvantaged. Glimpse of a Sphinx 5 Schools with a high number of disadvantaged pupils are actively targeted by Sheila Nowell and approached by the Centre. Crossword solution 5 The life and death of Amenhotep Son of Hapu 6 by Peter Jones Making Cleopatra Sexy Again 7 by Leslie McMurtry Quick easy fun Egyptian map puzzle 8 by Daphne MacDonagh Dates for your diary 8 Egypt Centre Christmas Closing Times 8

Egypt Centre staff and volunteers at the award party. Left to right: Ken Griffin, Wendy Goodridge, Stuart Williams, Sandra Hawkins, Alison John, Carolyn Graves-Brown (Curator)

… continued overleaf

The Egypt Centre also runs a successful volunteering scheme. “And what exactly does the Volunteers, whether children or people in their eighties, are not Chair of the Friends do?” simply from the traditional educated When I was first asked to take on the chairmanship of the Friends, my and socio-economic volunteer pool, immediate reaction was, “No way!” I’d been there before, in other but include people who would not organisations, and felt that my limited knowledge of Egyptology and normally visit a university campus. advancing years made me totally unsuited for the post. But, the sweet and The Egypt Centre also works with mellifluous tongues of Wendy and Sheila persuaded me otherwise. people who have mental health problems or learning difficulties, the ‘But what will I have to do?’ I asked plaintively. ‘Oh, nothing much – just long-term unemployed, and the introduce the speaker, make the announcements and do the raffle.’ economically disadvantaged. Well, it didn’t sound too bad, but there’s always a catch! Swansea University’s Vice- Yes, I do have to introduce the speaker etc. etc., but what I didn’t realise Chancellor, Professor Richard B that taking the speaker out to a meal after the talk could prove so Davies, said: “Widening hazardous! participation is at the heart of the Recently one of our speakers, a charming New Zealander asked me if I could higher education agenda. We need drive her along the sea road. She had been brought up by the sea and was to ensure that people from every missing it dreadfully now that she was based in Central England. Naturally, I section of society have the obliged and although it was dark, drove her along the Mumbles Road so that opportunity to go to university. The she could enjoy the lights and the magnificent curve of the bay. Then rashly, key challenge is raising aspirations having reached Bracelet Bay, I decided to drive her along to Caswell, where and I am delighted that the Egypt she got out of the car and deeply breathed in the sea air. Satisfied, she got Centre’s success in encouraging back in and I drove her to the Sketty area where she was staying the night. people to think about further study I thought I knew where her accommodation was, but there was no obvious has been recognised in the Times signboard visible. It was now 11.30p.m. After several forays the length of Higher Awards. Gower Road, I decided to visit ‘The Vivian Arms’ to ask for directions—not a Unfortunately we didn’t take first good thing to do at that time of night! They didn’t know where the guest prize, but even being shortlisted is a house was either, but they leant me a phone book and I rang the guesthouse, major achievement. only to discover that I had passed it several times. We sped off back up the road and I felt justified at not being able to find it when I discovered that the signboard was completely obscured by trees! I deposited the speaker, apologised profusely to the guesthouse owners for keeping them up so late and went home. Nobody told me that being chair of the Friends could mean being a tourist guide! Sometimes, I meet the speaker at the station. I am always a little apprehensive until I actually see them, because I drive a rather small Renault Clio. There have been occasions when a rather large speaker has emerged from the station clutching a very large backpack. Somehow, I’ve managed to squash the speaker and the backpack into the car and drive them safely to the guesthouse. There are also sometimes language difficulties. No, I don’t Carolyn, Wendy and Stuart pictured in the Egypt Centre try speaking to them in Welsh, but some of them have pronounced foreign accents which are not always easy to understand. It’s even worse when I have to stand up at the end of the lecture and comment on the talk! Of course none of this matters when compared to the privilege of meeting so many interesting and charming people. I enjoy showing them something of our city and coastline and am always pleased at their reaction to The Egypt Centre. The talk at the after-the-meeting dinners is stimulating and amusing, and it gives me a chance to meet the students who attend. I know my time as chair must end, and I would say to whoever my successor may be ‘Don’t listen to Wendy or Sheila’. It’s a lot more work than they say, but you’ll have a lot of fun, learn a lot and end up in situations you never thought possible! Volunteers Graham, Nikki and Kim enjoying a session at the Egypt Centre by Claire Edwards

Editorial View From The Chair Welcome to the twenty-fourth With another season completed and, at the beginning of issue of Inscriptions. another academic year, I’d like to say that we had a Congratulations are due to the feast of lectures once again, although I had thought it staff and volunteers of the Egypt impossible to surpass the previous year’s programme. Centre for achieving the Kenneth Griffin is to be heartily congratulated on his shortlist for the Widening hard work in providing us with such a programme. His Participation award. It is own enthusiasm for Ancient Egypt and his determination gratifying to see the Centre to find the best possible lecturers is obvious. Thank you bringing the fascination of Ken, for all your efforts. Egyptology to such a wide range of people. An added bonus for me, as Chair, is that I get to meet the speakers on a personal level at the post- lecture dinner. It provides an ideal opportunity to A big “Thank You” to all those discuss the Egypt Centre with them and to promote the work done at the who have contributed to this Centre. Invariably they are surprised at the size of our collection, and the issue. Sheila Nowell’s article variety and quality of the artefacts. It was particularly gratifying to hear George “Glimpse of a Sphinx” is most Hart, our September speaker also commenting on the excellent displaying of interesting. Readers may be the collection and the clarity of the labelling. This tribute to the professionalism interested to know that, very of the curatorial staff is well deserved. recently, many more remains of Amenhotep III’s mortuary temple I am also in no doubt about the excellence of the educational value of the have been found buried under Egypt Centre. The many tributes from schools that have visited the Centre are the sand at the site, including appreciated, but comments from visitors invariably mention the enthusiasm of 72 statues of the goddess volunteers, and the excitement of handling genuine artefacts. The phrase, “I Sakhmet! The Colossi of had no idea this was here, and I’m certainly going to bring my grandchildren!” Memnon are no longer the only is often heard from local visitors. We know that some of our young remains of the temple. A major volunteers—now grown-up—have gone on to take degrees in Egyptology. research project is to be undertaken at the site, which is All of this makes what we do worthwhile. You, as Friends of the Egypt Centre, enormous. through your fund raising activities, subscriptions etc. contribute in no small New material is surfacing all the part. time: for example, an intact First I hope you are as proud to be associated with the Centre as I am, and long Intermediate Period tomb has may our joint efforts continue. recently been found at Deir el- Bersha. If you’re interested in I wish all members a happy Christmas and a prosperous new year. I look the latest archaeological news, forward to seeing you all in January. the website http://www.archaeologica.org/ by Claire Edwards NewsPage.htm is well worth visiting from time to time. Introducing Jayne The Editor and his wife thank Hello Friends! the members and Friends for their very generous gift at the I would like to introduce myself! You may have seen AGM which was very much me at the Friends Lectures but I am happy to have appreciated (and enjoyed!) a new role at the Egypt Centre, I am the new Please keep your contributions member of staff in charge of the Gift Shop! I was coming in! Articles for the next previously a volunteer here and I am just finishing issue (which must be your own off my MA in Egyptian Culture at Swansea work, not copied from other University. published, copyrighted material) The Egypt Centre Gift Shop will be having a 10% should be sent to Mike Mac th Donagh at the Egypt Centre. Christmas sale on Thursday the 6 December. There are a range of gift ideas for all budgets from We wish all our readers a very hand-made Christmas cards and stocking fillers! happy Christmas and a prosperous New Year. As many of the Friends members may not be able to make this date please see attached a 10% off Mike Mac Donagh voucher valid until the end of December.

which houses an impressive collection of The National art including works by artists connected with Tenby such as Gwen John, Wool Museum & Augustus John and Nina Hamnett. Tenby trip On June 3rd 2007 we headed west for our summer trip to visit two very different museums. Raw wool is carded and spun… Our first stop was at the National Wool Museum at Dre-fach Felindre, near Newcastle Emlyn, which is possibly the least known branch of the Museum of Wales. It certainly deserves to be better known, and is well worth a visit. Based in the beautiful Teifi Valley, the museum was substantially updated and reopened in 2004. The area was once the centre of a thriving woollen … and woven onto spindles … industry with many mills operating, though it is difficult to imagine this Inside the Tenby museum today in this quiet and peaceful valley. The maritime history of Tenby is We were given an excellent guided well represented, as is natural history tour by a guide who had worked in the and there are also many exhibits which mill since the 1960s, and although he illustrate the social history of the town. had undoubtedly given the same tour Amongst the photographs, is one of thousands of times before, there was no Suffragette leader Emmeline Pankhurst hint of that in the way he demonstrated who addressed a large crowd in Castle the various (often very impressive) …and fed into a machine … Square, Tenby, which the Tenby machines and explained how the mill, Observer of 16th July 1908 reported to be and the local society, had functioned. He ‘the largest public meeting which has even showed us his grandfather’s old ever taken place in the town.’ flannel shirt—an example of an everyday woollen item which would have been produced there. The social history of the industry was well integrated and there were many fascinating photographs with detailed explanations, so that visitors can learn a … to make the finished product! great deal even without a guided tour. Unfortunately, the coach had to park The role of women in the industry was some way out of the town centre and we clearly an important one, and were later arriving at Tenby Museum photographs and explanations make this than expected but we were still given a point clearly. comprehensive tour by local guides. At the conclusion of the tour, our Tenby Museum is the oldest independent guide made some interesting remarks museum in Wales and was founded in about how the industry had gradually 1878 by ‘a self appointed committee of declined, particularly the fact that from local retired professional gentlemen, the 1960s onwards it was felt that items some of whom were also amateur An early bathing costume made from wool lasted too long and it naturalists or archaeologists’. They Following our visit, we had some was not therefore suitable for rapidly acquired the old National School site free time to explore Tenby though changing fashions. The industry had not which was adapted as a museum by unfortunately the rain had started in kept abreast, or even better, ahead of Lewis John, a local builder at the cost of earnest by now so sitting on the beach current trends at the time, but he £44.12s.4d. didn’t seem to be a very inviting option! suggested that there could soon be a new Part of the ground floor of the But in spite of the weather, it was an role for wool in the current museum (housing the archaeological enjoyable day visiting two very different environmentally aware climate. collections) is currently inaccessible and interesting museums. After a little free time to have a look following severe damp problems but we round on our own and have a drink and were able to see the rest of the building, by Avril Rolph snack we then went on to Tenby. including the Wilfred Harrison Gallery, Photos by Angela M Brunt

siege, and legend says that Glimpse of a Memnon was buried at the feet of the Colossi. Sphinx The sphinxes were found by Janis When I was working and had Athanasi in 1820 and Champolion to plan holidays a year in himself helped to authenticate advance my thoughts often them. They came from the turned to happy, carefree days collection of Henry Salt and were of retirement when we would bought in Alexandria by a Russian have no such restraints. So officer called Andrej Muraviov and when a week free from they were shipped to Russia, grandchild minding, aged arriving in 1832. Their site—the parent problem solving and landing stage beside the Academy sick dog requirements of Arts—was chosen by Czar presented itself in August, we Nicholas I himself and it took booked a last minute cruise to One of a pair of sphinxes in St Petersburg, Thon, the Russian architect a long the Baltic which had three Russia time to prepare the setting for days in St Petersburg, a city I all to comment that it was no these massive sculptures, each 25 had always wanted to see. I think wonder the people revolted. On our tons. the romantic stories of extravagant way to the Hermitage, the old Today the sphinxes reside on two Romanovs, sad Grand Duchesses Winter Palace and museum built to huge granite monoliths and instead and manly Cossacks in fur hats had house the art collection of Catherine of overlooking the Nile in the something to do with it. the Great, we glimpsed a pair of warmth of the Egyptian sun they sphinxes on the river bank beside When we awoke in the morning our look out over the Neva and have to ship was already moored in the the Academy of Arts. contend with the cold Russian River Neva quite close to the centre Since both our Russian guides were weather. and we could the gold spires of the a bit vague when I questioned them Cathedral of St Peter and St Paul, about the sphinxes, I decided to do by Sheila Nowell burial place of the Romanov a bit of research when we returned photos by Tony Nowell Dynasty, St Basil’s Cathedral and St home and found they had a Isaac’s. President Putin is from St fascinating history. They represent Petersburg and had held the G8 the 18th Dynasty pharaoh Crossword solution (crossword on Page 8) summit there so a lot had been Amenhotep III and come from his 1 S IWA renovated. St Petersburg itself, the 2 3 4 mortuary temple at Thebes; their E D FU M 5 city of Peter the Great and built by faces may even be portraits of him. E E A TEN him as a port with access to the The only substantial remains in situ L Z D Baltic Sea, was really impressive, T C I of Amenhotep III’s mortuary temple 6 7 criss-crossed with canals and C ATARACT fronted by magnificent houses are his two colossal statues*, which A N L E originally stood in front of the pylon. I A E R reminiscent of Venice. The 8 R L UXOR Peterhof, built by him as a summer These statues are known as the Colossi of Memnon, and are a O A A palace to rival Versailles, caused us N N stopping off point for every visitor to 9 10 V R EDSEA 11 the Valley of the A I R A H Kings. The L V I N O 12 statues were L AKENASSER E R E U named after 13 Memnon by early Y N UB I A S O I 14 Greek travellers. F L H 15 Memnon was a T E D A 16 17 heroic king of H P D ESERT Ethiopia who was E O N H 18 19 known to the K ARNAK D O Greeks for having I T S E R N S W R 20 died helping to G A MARNA defend Troy The Colossi of Memnon, Egypt S I N against the Greek D

The life and death of Amenhotep Son of Hapu

Amenhotep Son of Hapu scribe, placed in the Karnak temple for at least three centuries after his (Amenophis) was probably born of Amun. One of the statues shows death. towards the end of Tuthmosis III’s him as an elderly official who has During the Ptolemaic Period, reign (c.1430 B.C.) and he also survived into his 80s—a remarkable Amenophis Son of Hapu’s cult saw went by the name of Huy. He came achievement since it is thought that resurgence when he was from the Delta town of Athribis. most Egyptians only lived to their worshipped as a god of wisdom Rising to power in the King’s court, mid 30s to mid 40s. On another and healing. As with Imhotep, the Amenophis became Overseer of all statue it says that he wanted to live Egyptians set up chapels dedicated the Works of the King and, under until he was 110 years old. Huy to him, and these were located near king Amenhotep III (also often also appears in a carved scene in Hatshepsut’s temple at Deir el- referred to as Amenophis III), he the tomb of the Vizier Ramose, Bahri and at the temple of Hathor at became a royal scribe and royal who, it is thought, may have been a Deir el-Medina. Statues to him were architect. He also became the relative. also erected in the Karnak temple. steward to a woman called Unlike Imhotep, whose worship was Priests offered prayers to these Satamon who was a wife and widespread, the worship of statues as intermediaries with possibly also a daughter of Amenophis Son of Hapu was Amun. Amenophis III. Huy seems to have limited mainly to the Theban area moved to from Athribis to Thebes The temple of Amenophis Son of and at Athribis his birthplace. Both c.1390 B.C. where he become Hapu is one of the better known of Imhotep and Amenhotep Son of famous as a scribe, quarter-master the smaller temples on the West Hapu, in later times, were linked general and a royal architect. He Bank of the Theban area. However, with some important gods because lived in Thebes until he died in his what it lacked in size it made up for Imhotep was said to be the son of 80s. However his early career is not it in quality of construction. It was Ptah and Amenhotep was said to well known. He was buried in a well designed with splendid be the son of Apis which made rock-cut tomb at Qurnet Murai in decoration and has almost perfect them primarily gods of the people. western Thebes. symmetry. It has two sets of pylons His worship seems to have grown with a tree lined court basin and Amenophis (Huy) would have in two stages. about a dozen rooms at the back. worked on some of the greatest Amenophis Son of Hapu was monuments in Ancient Egypt such Further Reading rewarded with his own mortuary as the mortuary temple of temple next to that of king Amenophis III in the Theban area Wilkinson 2000 The Complete Temples Amenophis III, on the West Bank of and elsewhere in the Empire, for of Ancient Egypt. the Nile at Thebes. Building was example, the Soleb temple in started in the thirty-first year of the Nubia. On the West Bank at Wilkinson 2003 The Complete Gods reign of Amenophis III. Huy’s and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thebes he would also have worked mortuary temple is small in on the king’s colossal statues comparison to that of his king but is Thomas 2001 Egyptian Gods and known today as The Colossi of still of some considerable size. It is Myths. Memnon. When Amenophis Son of as large as that of Tuthmosis III at Hapu was alive, he received great Gurna and bigger than the temple Watterson 1996 Gods of Ancient Egypt. honour and after death was deified of Tuthmosis II beside it. for his wisdom in the Ptolemaic Redford 1994 The Oxford Amenophis Son of Hapu’s mortuary Period, during which he was Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egypt. temple is one of at least two private considered as important as the temples that are located in among great Imhotep, at least in Thebes website the Theban royal monuments. A and Athribis. copy of a royal decree dating to the http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories During his life, he seems to have 21st Dynasty indicates that the /westbanktemples2.htm been given the great honour of Mortuary temple of Amenophis Son having several statues, made from of Hapu seemed to have survived by Peter Jones granite and showing him as a

Looking for an unusual present for someone special? Then why not visit the Egypt Centre shop! And with the Friends Discount voucher on Page 3 you can get 10% off until the end of December.

comrade Mark Antony (James Cleopatra has already appeared in Making Purefroy). Declares Caesar, "It's only the second season, "Son of Hades" hubris if I fail." He sends the two by Bruno Heller. Historically Cleopatra Sexy soldiers, Lucius Vorenus and Titus Cleopatra and Caesarion visited Pullo, to find Cleopatra in exile. Rome between 47 and 44 BC; in the "What a dump," Pullo (Ray series they arrive after Caesar's Again Stevenson) complains. By contrast, assassination in 44 BC. In visiting As the continued popularity of some of the first season's most Mark Antony, Cleopatra attempts to movies like 300 attest, our modem spectacular scenery is in this secure Caesarion's position as fascination with the ancient world episode. Cleopatra, as played by Caesar's heir in exchange for sexual continues unabated. Of course, our Lyndsey Marshall, is physically favors, inciting the wrath of Antony's conception of ancient Greece, unlike the bust portraits of the Egyptian lover, Atia of the Julii, mother of the Rome, and Egypt continues to get a Queen: instead, she appears to be a future Emperor Augustus. Cleopatra modern facelift with each new wave size 0 model in order to fit into the continues to be portrayed as lithe of interpretation. Cleopatra VII lives beautiful, if fanciful, costumes. and sexy but with a shrewd political again in HBO's Rome, albeit with mind. We expect, should the show Cleopatra is given a hashish some aberrations from historical go to a third season, to see more of addiction and comes off as record. the Egyptian Queen—and possibly her something of a nymphomaniac. son by Titus Pullo. The TV series, filmed in Italy, Despite this, the program produced by Americans and filled emphasizes her skills as a keen Bruno Heller, the creator of Rome, with British actors, follows the political strategist. The historical has noted his attempts to do fortunes of two Roman soldiers of Cleopatra would have had to have historical justice to the period are the Thirteenth Legion under Julius been, with the deaths of her various conceptual. This Rome bears little Caesar. Following a rough historical older siblings littering her childhood. resemblance to the squeaky-clean outline beginning in 49 BC, the Vorenus and Pullo save Cleopatra toga paradise of the past, instead program is both lavishly filmed and from certain death at the hands of her teeming with illicit sex and frequent unabashed in its depiction of sex, brother's assassin and gain her trust. profanity. This may be an attempt to violence, and profanity. The first She is eager to make a positive "sex up" the past, but at the same season concluded with Caesar's impression on Caesar and confesses to time seems oddly satisfying to a assassination and went on to a Vorenus she intends to get pregnant modern viewer. Remarkably little second season that is now being by Caesar. Due to the impossibility of has been changed in terms of the broadcast on BBC2. that, due to her position in exile, she chronological Cleopatra, even if her Cleopatra VII first appeared in the commands the Roman soldier to physicality has been, like the episode "Caesarion," written by impregnate her. Vorenus (Kevin costumes, updated for a rock'n'roll William J. Macdonald. In the McKidd) has been characterized as culture. a to-the-letter soldier, obsessed with previous episode, Pompey Magnus The Roman characters have generally honor and deeply devoted to his (Kenneth Cranham) had been shown a disdain for Egypt and wife Niobe. He declines, saying, assassinated in Alexandria harbour. Egyptians, a believable attitude for this "Roman men are not used by Egypt's monarch at the time was the culture at the zenith of its powers. By women in this way!" fifteen-year-old Ptolemy III, who is contrast, Ptolemaic Egypt—with the portrayed in the episode as a The more earthy Pullo has no such exception of the aforementioned sleek capricious, self-satisfied teenager, qualms. As history records, and adept Cleopatra—is portrayed as highly made-up and vain to the Cleopatra is returned to the palace laughable, bumbling, at the wane of point of ridiculousness. When and is rolled out of a Persian carpet at its influence. If nothing else, Rome Caesar (Ciaran Hinds) arrives, Caesar’s feet. Though Cleopatra was seems to strive to show the Ptolemy is at the mercy of his smooth- twenty-one and Caesar fifty, the two multiculturalism of the ancient talking eunuch vizier and his oily make a convincing screen couple. Roman empire, a trend originating regent uncles. The petty Ptolemy is (Back in Rome, Caesar's lover with Ridley Scott's Gladiator. Is a more delighted to present Caesar with Servilia of the Junii knows nothing of measured, more historically accurate Pompey's pickled head, but does not the affair.) Ptolemy is drowned along Egypt than seen in The Mummy expect Caesar's reaction: "He was a with his advisers, and in nine movies on its way? In the Consul of Rome!" months, Cleopatra secures her meantime, no TV series like Rome Caesar decides to "arbitrate the legacy by giving birth to Caesarion. has ever existed before, and it will various factions" and seeks out We are led to believe that he is be fascinating to follow its Cleopatra, Ptolemy's wife and older actually Pullo's son. development. sister, despite the warnings of his by Leslie McMurtry

MAP QuickU easy fun Dates for EgyptianZ E map your diary Z A Q F 12 December 2007 puzzleL S U U EGYPT I AN The Reverend William MacGregor: A Tale of C Antiquities, The Egypt K Centre and a Portion of Fries Test your knowledge of Egypt’s geography with our easy puzzle! Bev Rogers (Hint: Try starting at 10 Down.) (University of Wales Across Swansea) 1 An oasis west of 6 Down (4) (followed by mulled wine and mince pies!) 2 Site of a large temple of Horus (4) 5 Sun disk worshipped at 20 Across (4) 23 January 2008 6 A set of rapids in 10 Down (8) 8 Modern city opposite 9 Down (5) Politics of placement: 10 Sea to the east of Egypt (3,3) The Development of Theban Necropolis in 12 Man-made lake south of Aswan (4,6) The New Kingdom. 13 Land to the south of Egypt (5) 17 Sandy landscape covering much of J. J. Shirley Egypt (6) (University of Wales 18 Huge temple in 8 Across (6) Swansea) 20 Ancient city founded by Akhenaten Both talks commence at (6) 7.00 p.m. in the Faraday Down A Lecture Theatre. 1 Man-made waterway joining 10 Across to 4 Down (4,5) 3 Where 10 Down spreads out as it approaches the sea (5) 4 Sea to the north of Egypt (13,3) Egypt Centre 6 Modern city near the pyramids (5) Christmas 7 Fine city on the coast of Egypt (10) Closing Times 9 Burial place of New Kingdom kings (6,2,3,5) 10 A great river that flows through Egypt (5,4) We close at 11 Falcon-god worshipped at 2 Across (5) 4.00 p.m. on 14 Cow goddess worshipped at 15 Down Friday 21st December (6) 2007 15 Site of a famous temple of Hathor (7) 16 Modern city at the top end of 1 Down and re-open on (4,4) 19 Modern city at the first 6 Across (5) Wednesday 2nd January 2008 (Solution on Page 5) at 10 a.m. by Daphne MacDonagh