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COMMUNICATIONS CACM.ACM.ORG OF THEACM 06/2017 VOL.60 NO.06 Sir Tim Berners-Lee Recipient of ACM’s Association for A.M. Turing Award Computing Machinery CONFERENCECONFERENCE CONFERENCE27 – 30 November 27 27– 30– 2017 30November November 2017 2017 EXHIBITIONEXHIBITION EXHIBITION28 – 30 November 28 28– 30– 2017 30November November 2017 2017 BITEC, Bangkok,BITEC,BITEC, Thailand Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand Thailand THE CELEBRATIONTHETHE CELEBRATION CELEBRATION OF LIFE OF OF & LIFE TECHNOLOGY LIFE & & TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY CALL FOR SUBMISSIONSCALLCALL FOR FOR SUBMISSIONS SUBMISSIONSCALL FOR EXHIBITORSCALLCALL FOR FOR EXHIBITORS &EXHIBITORS SPONSORS & SPONSORS& SPONSORS Submit your works &Submit be Submita presenter your your works at works SIGGRAPH & be & a be presenter a Asia!presenter at SIGGRAPH at SIGGRAPHBe Asia! a partAsia! of the SIGGRAPHBe aBe part a Asiapart of the Exhibitionof theSIGGRAPH SIGGRAPH – Asia’s Asia Asia ExhibitionDigital Exhibition Media – Asia’s – Asia’s Digital Digital Media Media Marketplace MarketplaceMarketplace SIGGRAPH Asia 2017SIGGRAPH invitesSIGGRAPH you Asia to Asiasubmit 2017 2017 invites your invites works you youto and submit to submit your your works works and and showcase your outstandingshowcaseshowcase creative your your outstanding ideas outstanding and innovations creative creative ideas ideas and andinnovationsMeet innovations close to 7,000 technicalMeetMeet close andclose to creative7,000 to 7,000 technical industry technical and experts andcreative creative and industry industry experts experts and and at the 10th ACM SIGGRAPHat theat 10ththe Conference 10th ACM ACM SIGGRAPH and SIGGRAPH Exhibition Conference Conference on and andExhibition Exhibitionindividuals on on from overindividuals 60individuals countries from and from over regions over 60 countries 60 face-to-face countries and and regionsto explore regions face-to-face face-to-face to explore to explore Computer Graphics andComputer ComputerInteractive Graphics Graphics Techniques and andInteractive in Interactive Asia, Techniques Techniques inbusiness Asia, in Asia, opportunities, business partnerships,business opportunities, opportunities, and to partnerships, strengthen partnerships, existing and andto strengthen to strengthen existing existing taking place from 27 taking– 30taking November place place from, in from 27 Bangkok, – 27 30 – November 30 Thailand. November, in Bangkok,, in Bangkok, Thailand.relations Thailand. – all in personrelations relationsat SIGGRAPH – all – in all person Asiain person 2017. at SIGGRAPH atBook SIGGRAPH your Asia stand Asia 2017. now 2017. Book Book your your stand stand now now to secure your preferredto secure tolocation. secure your your preferred preferred location. location. Log-on to sa2017.siggraph.org/submittersLog-onLog-on to sa2017.siggraph.org/submitters to sa2017.siggraph.org/submitters to submit to submit to submit your works. youryour works. works. Contact Clariss ChinContact at +65Contact 6500 Clariss Clariss6722 Chin or [email protected] at +65 at 6500+65 6500 6722 6722 or [email protected] or [email protected] for more informationfor on morefor the more exhibit information information space on options the on exhibitthe and exhibit fees, space asspace optionswell options as and andfees, fees, as well as well as as sponsorship packages.sponsorshipsponsorship packages. packages. CONFERENCE PROGRAMS’CONFERENCECONFERENCE SUBMISSION PROGRAMS’ PROGRAMS’ DEADLINES SUBMISSION SUBMISSION*: DEADLINES DEADLINES*: *: DEADLINES PROGRAMSDEADLINESDEADLINESPROGRAMSPROGRAMS 27 April 2017 Workshops'27 April27 April 2017Proposals 2017Workshops'Workshops' Proposals Proposals ANIMATION & VISUALANIMATION EFFECTSANIMATION & VISUAL & VISUAL EFFECTS EFFECTS 23 May 2017 Technical23 May23 PapersMay 2017 2017 TechnicalTechnical Papers Papers AUGMENTED REALITYAUGMENTEDAUGMENTED REALITY REALITY 30 May 2017 Emerging30 May30 TechnologiesMay 2017 2017 EmergingEmerging Technologies Technologies CLOUD BASED CLOUDCLOUD BASED BASED SYSTEMS SYSTEMSSYSTEMS 1 June 2017 Art Gallery1 June1 June 2017 2017 Art GalleryArt Gallery 13 June 2017 Symposium13 June13 June 2017 on Education2017SymposiumSymposium on Education on Education COMPUTER COMPUTERCOMPUTER Symposium on MobileSymposium GraphicsSymposium on Mobile on Mobile Graphics Graphics GRAPHICS GRAPHICSGRAPHICS 21 June 2017 and21 Interactive June21 June 2017 Applications2017and andInteractive Interactive Applications Applications BANGKOK GAMINGBANGKOKBANGKOK GAMINGGAMING 28 June 2017 Courses28 June28 June 2017 2017CoursesCourses TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES Symposium on VisualizationSymposiumSymposium on Visualization on Visualization 29 June 2017 29 June29 June 2017 2017 IMAGING IMAGINGIMAGING Student Volunteers -Student Student Volunteers Volunteers - - 15 July 2017 15 July15 July 2017 2017 Team Leaders ApplicationTeamTeam Leaders Leaders Application Application INTERACTIVE & INNOVATIVEINTERACTIVEINTERACTIVE & INNOVATIVE & INNOVATIVE Computer AnimationComputer FestivalComputer Animation Animation Festival Festival TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES 19 July 2017 19 July19 July 2017 2017 30 July 2017 VR Showcase30 July30 July 2017 2017 VR ShowcaseVR Showcase VIRTUAL REALITY VIRTUALVIRTUAL REALITY REALITY & SIMULATION & SIMULATION& SIMULATION 12 August 2017 Student12 August12 Volunteers August 2017 2017 ApplicationStudentStudent Volunteers Volunteers Application Application Posters PostersPosters VISUALIZATION VISUALIZATIONVISUALIZATION 15 August 2017 Technical15 August15 August Briefs 2017 2017TechnicalTechnical Briefs Briefs Workshops’ Papers Workshops’Workshops’ Papers Papers & MANY MORE! & MANY& MANY MORE! MORE! *The submission time *forThe all *submissionThe dates submission is 23:59 time UTC/GMT time for all for dates all dates is 23:59 is 23:59 UTC/GMT UTC/GMT Visit sa2017.siggraph.orgVisitVisit sa2017.siggraph.org sa2017.siggraph.org for more details. for for more more details. details. Sponsored by SponsoredSponsored by by SA2017.SIGGRAPH.ORGSA2017.SIGGRAPH.ORGSA2017.SIGGRAPH.ORGOrganized by OrganizedOrganized by by adv_page_magazine.pdf 1 28/04/17 10:55 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM Departments News Viewpoints 5 Editor’s Letter 12 Deep Learning Takes on Translation Ten Years at the Helm of Improvements in hardware, the Communications of the ACM availability of massive amounts of By Moshe Y. Vardi data, and algorithmic upgrades are among the factors supporting better 7 Cerf’s Up machine translation. Open Access to Academic Research By Don Monroe By Vinton G. Cerf 15 Optimization Search 8 Letters to the Editor Finds a Heart of Glass Technologies Do Have Ethics Analog computing could provide greater efficiency, 10 BLOG@CACM improved digital algorithms. Balancing Teaching CS Efficiently By Chris Edwards with Motivating Students 26 Mark Guzdial suggests a new 17 Potential and Peril balance is needed in computer The outlook for artificial 26 Inside Risks science education between discovery intelligence-based Trustworthiness and Truthfulness learning and direct instruction. autonomous weapons. Are Essential By Sarah Underwood Their absence can introduce 39 Calendar huge risks … 20 Weaving the Web By Peter G. Neumann 101 Careers Sir Tim Berners-Lee created a paradigm shift that changed the world 29 Broadening Participation with his invention of the World Wide The Influence and Last Byte Web, Hypertext Transport Protocol, Promise of Alliances and Hypertext Markup Language. Evaluating the influence 104 Q&A By Neil Savage of broadening participation This Is for Everyone efforts on students, faculty, Sir Tim Berners-Lee on the formative organizations, and the computing Watch Sir Tim discuss years of the World Wide Web, his work in this exclusive education infrastructure. and the challenges it now faces. Communications video. By Leslie Goodyear, Gary Silverstein, https://cacm.acm.org/ By Leah Hoffmann videos/turing-award- and Linda P. Thurston recipient-sir-tim-berners-lee 31 Kode Vicious 24 ACM Panels in Print: Big Data Forced Exception Handling A discussion with David Blei, You can never discount the human Daphne Koller, Vipin Kumar, element in programming. and Michael Stonebraker By George V. Neville-Neil 33 Viewpoint Remaining Trouble Spots with Computational Thinking Addressing unresolved questions concerning computational thinking. By Peter J. Denning IMAGE BY ALICIA KUBISTA/ANDRIJ BORYS ASSOCIATES BORYS ALICIA KUBISTA/ANDRIJ BY IMAGE 2 COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM | JUNE 2017 | VOL. 60 | NO. 6 06/2017 VOL. 60 NO. 06 Practice Contributed Articles Review Articles 72 Learnable Programming: Blocks and Beyond New blocks frameworks open doors to greater experimentation for novices and professionals alike. By David Bau, Jeff Gray, Caitlin Kelleher, Josh Sheldon, and Franklyn Turbak Watch the authors discuss their work in this exclusive Communications video. https://cacm.acm. org/videos/learnable- programming 40 66 Research Highlights 40 The Debugging Mind-Set 56 The SCION Internet Architecture Understanding the psychology Adhering to the end-to-end principle 82 Technical Perspective of learning strategies leads to even more than the current Internet What Led Computer Vision effective problem-solving skills. yields highly available point-to-point to Deep Learning? By Devon H. O’Dell communication. By Jitendra Malik By David Barrera, Laurent Chuat, 46 Too Big NOT to Fail Adrian Perrig, Raphael M. Reischuk, 84 ImageNet Classification Embrace failure and Pawel Szalachowski with Deep Convolutional so it does not embrace
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