1 2 STUDIES IN MESOAMERICAN USE

Publication 1

SOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF MESOAMERICAN RITUAL CAVE USE

James E. Brady

Department of California State University, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90032 Revised May 2009

3 4 (1)Acuña, René 1968 Titulo de los señores de Sacapulas. (7)Agar, Michael Folklore Americas 28(1). 1998 The Yucatán's Flooded Basement. see p. 18 Smithsonian 29 (1):94-106.

(2)Adams, Abigail and James E. Brady (8)Aguilar, Manuel, Miguel Medina Jaen, Tim M. 1994 Etnografía Q'eqchi' de los ritos en Tucker, and James E. Brady cuevas: Implicaciones para la 2005 The Significance of a Chicomoztoc interpretación arqueológica. VII Simposio Complex at Acatzingo Viejo. In In the de Arqueología Guatemal-teca, edited by Maw of the Earth Monster: and Héctor L. Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, edited Escobedo A., pp. 205-211. Ministero de by James E. Brady and Keith M. Prufer, Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de pp. 69-87. University of Texas Press, Antropología e Historia y Asociación Austin. , . (9)Aguilar Cachón, Roger (3)Adams, Abigail E. and James E. Brady 2001 Antropología en cavernas: Trabajo de 2005 Ethnographic Notes on Maya Q’eqchi’ campo de antropólogos en cuevas y Cave Rituals: Implications for cenotes de Yucatán. Por Esto! Cultura, Archaeological Interpretation. In In the December 7, pp. 1-2. Merida. Maw of the Earth Monster: Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, edited (10)Aguilar Zinser, Carmen by James E. Brady and Keith M. Prufer, 1974 Enseñanza objetiva teológica del pp. 301-327. University of Texas Press, inframundo, en la cueva de Joloniel, en Austin. Chiapas. Excelsior, August 4, Sec. B, pp. 1-2. (4)Adams, Richard E. W. and Hubert Robichaux 1992 Tombs of Rio Azul, Guatemala. (11)Albert, David P. and Barbara MacLeod National Geographic Research and 1971 Caving in British . National Exploration 8(4):412-427. Speleological Society News 29(1):6-9. see p. 416 (12)Alcorn, Janis B. (5)Adams, Richard N. and Arthur J. Rubel 1984 Huastec Mayan Ethnobotony. 1967 Sickness and Social Relations. University of Texas Press, Austin. Handbook of Middle American Indians, see pp. 27, 60, 72, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82-86, 131, 137, Vol. 6: Social Anthropology, edited by 138, 139, 149, 154, 169, 171, 198, 200, 201, Manning Nash, pp. 333-356. University 202, 230, 235, 237-238, 240, 662, 393, 915 of Texas Press, Austin. see pp. 337-338 (13)Alejos García, José 1994 Mosojäntel: Etnografía del discurso (6)Adams, Walter Randolph agrarista entre los Ch’oles de Chiapas. 1991 Social Structure in Pilgrimage and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Prayer: Tzeltales as Lords and Servants. México, . In Pilgrimage in Latin America, edited by see pp. 35, 67-68, 69, 73, 91-96, 147, 197, 198, 235 N. Ross Crumrine and Alan Morinis, pp. 109-121. Greenwood Press, New York. (14)Allorge, M. M. see pp. 112-113

5 1910 The Newly Discovered Cave of Atoyac, 1982 Restos de moluscos y mamíferos : A Contribution to the Study of cuaternarios procedentes de Loltún, Cave-Development. Sociedad Científica Yucatán. Departamento de Prehistoria, "Antonio Alzate" 29(7/8):43-45. Cuaderno de Trabajo 26. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, (15)Alonso, Marco Aurelio Mexico. 1970 Etnológo y folklorista Altaverapacense. Guatemala Indígena 5(2):92-113. (22)Alvarez Barret, Luis see p. 107 1970 El Campeche Desconocido. Pub- licaciones del Gobierno del Estado de (16)Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel Campeche No. 13. Campeche. 1995 Paisajes y Leyendas: Tradiciones y see pp. 37-53 Costumbres de México. 5th ed. Editorial Porrúa, S.A., Mexico. (23)Alvarez del Castillo G. and Joel Briffard see p. 3 1978 Estudio Morfológico de los Tipos de Maíz Encontrados en la Cueva el Riego, (17)Alvarado, José Luis, Jorge Luis Jiménez- Tehuacan, . In Arqueobotánica Meza, Luis Morett-Alatorre, Ana María Pelz (Métodos y Aplicaciones), coordinated by Marín, and Fernando Sánchez-Martínez Fernando Sánchez-Martínez, pp. 18-24. 1994 Proyecto Arqueobotánico Ticumán 94. Departamento de Prehistoria, Collección Memoria del III Congreso Interno del Científica 63. Instituto Nacional de Centro INAH Morelos pp. 131-148. Antropología e Historia, Mexico. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Acapantzingo, Morelos, Mexico. (24)Alzate y Ramírez, José Antonio see Cruz and Noval (352); Morett et al. (977) 1791 Descripción de las antiguedades de Xochicalco, dedicada a los señores de la (18)Alvarez, Cristina actual expedición maratima al rededor 1980 Diccionario etnolinguistico del idioma del orbe. Suplemento a la Gazeta de Maya Yucateco colonial. Tomo I: Mundo Literatura, Mexico. fisico. Universidad Autónoma de México, see p. 15 Mexico. see pp. 136-137 (25)Amram, David W., Jr. 1937 Eastern Chiapas. Geographical (19)Alvarez, Ticul Review 27: 19-36. 1963 Restos de mamíferos encontrados en see p. 36 una cueva de Valle Nacional, , México. Revista de Biología Tropical 11 (26)Amrhein, Laura Marie (1): 57-61. 2001 An Iconographic and Historic Analyss of Terminal Classic Maya Phyllic (20)Alvarez S., Ticul Imagery. Ph.D. dissertation, Department 1975 Restos oseos animales de las cuevas of Art History, Virginia Commonwealth del Texal y Tepeyolo, Puebla, México. University, Richmond. Departamento de Prehistoria, Cuaderno pp. 4, 40, 47, 48, 49, 50-51, 117-124, 171 de Trabajo 12. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. (27)Anderson, A. H. 1952 Archaeology in British Honduras. (21)Alvarez, Ticul and Oscar J. Polaco Proceedings of the XXX International

6 Congress of Americanists, pp. 32-35. 1962 Excavaciones en Dzibilchultún, London. Yucatán, 1956-62. Estudios de Cultura see p. 33 Maya 2:149-183. see p. 157 (28)Anderson, A. H. 1962 Cave Sites in British Honduras. Akten (35)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV des XXXIV Internationale Amerikanisten- 1965 Explorations in the Gruta de Chac. Kongresses, pp. 326-331. Verlag Ernest Middle American Research Institute Berger, Horn, Vienna. Publication 31:1-21. New Orleans.

(29)Anderson, Arthur J. O. (36)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV 1982 The Institution of Slave-Bathing. 1970 Balankanche, Throne of the Tiger Indiana 7:81-92. Berlin. Priest. Middle American Research see p. 82 Institute Publication 32. New Orleans.

(30)Andrews, Antonio P. (37)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV 1981 El "Guerrero" de Loltún: Comentario 1971 Balankanche - Throne of the Tiger Analítico. Boletín de la Escuela de Priest. Explorers Journal 49 (4):254-262. Ciencias Antropológicas de la Univer- sidad de Yucatán Nos. 48/49:36-50. (38)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV, and Anthony P. Andrews (31)Andrews, Anthony P. and Robert Corletta 1975 A Preliminary Study of the Ruins of 1995 A Brief History of Underwater , , Mexico: With Archaeology in the Maya Area. Ancient Notes on Other Archaeological Remains 6(2):101-117. on the Central East Coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. Middle American Research (32)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV Institute Publication 40. New Orleans. 1943 The Archaeology of Southwestern see pp. 13, 16, 44-45, 45-46, 49-50, 57 Figs. 64-67, Campeche. Contributions to American 58 Figs. 68-69, 65, 70, 72-73, 93 Anthropology and History, No. 40. Carnegie Institution of Washington, (39)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV and E. Wyllys Washington, D.C. Andrews V see pp. 48-49 1980 Excavations at Dzibilchultun, Yucatan, Mexico. Middle American Research (33)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV Institute Publication, New Orleans. 1961 Excavations at the Gruta de see pp. 242-245 Balankanche, 1959. Appendix to: Preliminary Report to the 1959-60 Field (40)Andrews, E. Wyllys V Season, National Geographic Society- 1990 The Early Ceramic History of the Tulane University Dzibilchultun Program. Lowland Maya. In Vision and Revision in Tulane University Middle American Maya Studies, edited by Flora S. Clancy Research Institute, Miscellaneous and Peter D. Harrison, pp. 1-19. Series, No. 11: 28-40. New Orleans. University of New Mexico Press, see Lathrap (763) Albuquerque. see p. 17 (34)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV Anonymous

7 1896 Review of: The Hill- of Yucatan see pp. 175-217 by Henry C. Mercer. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott Company. Journal of the (47)Arellano, A. R. V. and Florencia Müller American Geographical Society of New 1948 La Cueva Encantada de York 28:76-77. Chimalacatlan, Morelos. Sociedad see Dillon (385); Hammond (601), Mason (882), Mexicana de Geografía y Estadistica Mercer (921) 9922), Thomas 1896 LXVI:481-491.

(41)Anonymous (48)Arias Fernández, Ricardo 1936 Cave Discovered in Honduras. Maya 2001 Sótanos de México: Abismos de Luz y Research 3 (2):208. New Orleans. Sombra. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Mexico. (42)Anonymous 1981 Maya Cave Art and Modern Art (49)Armillas, Pedro Thievery. Science News 120 (3):37. 1950 Teotihuacán, Tula y los Toltecas: Las Culturas Post-Arcaicas y Pre-Aztecas del (43)Anonymous Centro de Mexico. Excavaciones y 1989 Guatemala: Nah Tunich Caves Closed. Estudios, 1922-1950. Runa III: 37-69. Mexicon 11(2):24. see p. 59

(44)Anonymous (50)Armitage, Ruth A., James E. Brady, Allan 1989 Maya Cave Paintings at Cobb, John R. Southon and Marvin W. Rowe Destroyed. Mexicon 11(5):83. 2001 Mass Spectrometric Radiocarbon Dates from Three Rock Paintings of (45)Antochiw, Michel Known Age. American Antiquity 66 1999 Cenotes y Grutas de Yucatán/ (3):471-480. Cenotes and Caves in Yucatán. In Cenotes y Grutas de Yucatán, edited by (51)Arnold, Channing and Frederick J.Tabor Luis Armando Ruíz Sosa, pp. 11-60. Frost Secretaría de Ecología del Gobierno del 1909 The American : A Estado de Yucatán, Merida. Record of Travel in Yucatan. see Ruíz Sosa (1236) Hutchinson and Co., London. see pp. 251-252 (46)Aoyama, Kazou 2001 Ritos de Plebeyos Mayas en la Cueva (52)Arnold, Dean E. Gordon N.o 3 de Copán (Honduras) 1971 Ethnominerology of Ticul Yucatan Durante el Periodo Clásico: Análisis de Potters: Etics and Emics. American los Microhuellas de Uso Sobre la Lítica Antiquity 36: 20-40. Menor de Obsidiana. Mayab 14:5-16. see pp. 27-28, 29, 32, 33 see Ballinger (80), Brady (176), (178), (180), Gatschet (506), Gordon (540), Rue (1226), Rue et al. (53)Arnold, Dean E. and Bruce F. Bohor (1227), Thomas (1469) 1975 Attapulgite and Maya Blue: An Ancient Mine Comes to Light. Archaeology 28 Aramoni Calderón Dolores, (1): 23-29. 1992 Los refugios de lo sagrado: Religiosidad, see Folan (453) conflicto y resistencia entre los zoques de Chiapas, Consejo Nacional para la Cultura (54)Arnold, Dean E. and Bruce F. Bohor y las Artes, México D.F.

8 1977 An Ancient Clay Mine at Yo'K'at, 1997 The Cenote Tour: The Natural Wells of Yucatan. American Antiquity 42:575-582. Quintana Roo. Cancun Tips (Winter) pp. see pp. 578-579 16-17. Cancun.

(55)Arnold, Jay (61)Ashmore, Wendy 1985 International News. National 2004 Classic Maya Landscape and Speleological Society News 43:135. Settlement. In Mesoamerican Archaeology: Theory and Practice, (56)Arnold, Philip P. edited by Julia A. Hendon and Rosemary 2000 Parallel Consumptive Cosmologies. In A. Joyce, pp. 169-191. Blackwell Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Publishers, Malden, MA to the , edited by see pp. 172, 185 Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions, pp. 515-522. University (62)Audet, Carolyn M. Press of Colorado, Boulder. 2001 Pottery from the Caves of the Thunb see pp. 515, 516 District. In Sacred Landscape and Settlement in the Sibun River Valley: (57)Arrata, Luis XARP 1999 Archaeological Survey and 1996 Review of: Images from the Under- Excavation, edited by Patricia A. world: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of McAnany, pp. 87-112. Department of Maya , by Andrea Stone. Archaeology, Boston University, Boston. University of Texas Press, 1995, and At see McAnany (898) the Edge of the World: Caves and Late Classic Maya World View, by Karen (63)Aulie, H. Wilbur and Evelyn W. de Aulie Bassie-Sweet. University of Oklahoma 1978 Diccionario Ch’ol – Español, Español – Press, Norman, 1996. Latin American Ch’ol. Instituto Linguistico de Verano, Indian Literatures Journal 17: 178-180. Mexico. see Bassie-Sweet (99), Stone (1404) see p. 53

(58)Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin y Ticul Alvarez (64)Austin, Patricia 1990 Restos Oseos de Murciélagos 1996 Cave Modification by the Ancient Maya Procedentes de las Excavaciones de las the View from . Poster presented Grutas de Loltún. Instituto Nacional de at the Society for American Archaeology Antropología e Historia, Mexico. meetings, New Orleans.

(59)Arzate, J. A., L. Flores, R. E. Chavez, L. (65)Austin, Patricia Barba and L. Manzanilla 1996 Belize Ritual Caves Project. Electronic 1990 Magnetic Prospecting for Tunnels and document, http://www.famsi.org/ Caves in Teotihuacan, México. In reports/95110. Foundation for the Geotechnical and Environmental Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Geophysics, edited by Stanley H. Ward, Inc. pp. 155-162. Society for Exploration Geophysics. (66)Avendaño J., Lucio and Ruth Mary Alexander 1970 Stories of a Mixteco Town. Tlalocan (60)Asher, Alex 6(2):169-175. see pp. 169-170, 172, 173

9 (67)Aveni, Anthony F. (72)Awe, Jaime J., Cameron Griffith and Sherry 2000 Out of Teotihuacan: Origins of the Gibbs Celestial Canon in Mesoamerica. In 2005 Cave Stelae and Megalithic Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Monuments in Western Belize. In In the Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Maw of the Earth Monster: Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, edited Scott Sessions, pp. 253-268. University by James E. Brady and Keith M. Prufer, Press of Colorado, Boulder. pp. 223-248. University of Texas Press, see pp. 253, 254 Austin.

(68)Awe, Jaime J. (73)Awe, Jaime J. and Christophe G. B. Helmke 1994 Las Funciones de las Cuevas en la 1998 Preliminary Report on the Antigua Cultura Maya. Los Reconnaissance of Cahal Witz Na, Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 2: Roaring Creek Valley, , 188-204. Universidad Autónoma de Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Campeche, Campeche. Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. (69)Awe, Jaime J. 200-215. Department of Anthropology 1998 The Western Belize Regional Cave Occasional Paper No. 1. University of Project: A Report of the 1997 Field New Hampshire, Durham. Season. Department of Anthropology see Awe (69) Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham. (74)Awe, Jaime J., Christophe G. B. Helmke and see papers by Awe, Awe & Helmke, Awe et al., Gibbs, Cameron S. Griffith Griffith, Helmke & Awe, Helmke et al. Moyes & 1998 Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Awe Roaring Creek Valley: Caves,

Rockshelters, and Settlement (70)Awe, Jaime J. Architecture. In The Western Belize 1998 The Western Belize Regional Cave Regional Cave Project: A Report of the Project: Objectives, Context, and 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Problem Orientation. In The Western Awe, pp. 216-236. Department of Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. of the 1997 Field Season, edited by University of New Hampshire, Durham. Jaime J. Awe, pp. 1-21. Department of see Awe (69) Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham. (75)Awe, Jaime J., Christophe G. B. Helmke and see Awe (69) Cameron S. Griffith

1998 Preliminary Analysis of the (71)Awe, Jaime J. Pictographs, Petroglyphs and Sculptures 1999 The Western Belize Regional Cave of Actun Uayazba Kab, Cayo District, Project: A Report of the 1998 Field Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Season. Department of Anthropology Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Occasional Paper No. 2. University of Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. New Hampshire, Durham. see papers by Colas & Helmke, Ferguson & Gibbs, 216-236. Department of Anthropology Gibbs, et al., Griffith, Helmke, Helmke et al., Occasional Paper No. 1. University of Mirro &. Awe, Mirro et al., Owen & Gibbs New Hampshire, Durham. see Awe (69)

10 1886 The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, (76)Ayala, Maricela Volume II: Civilized Races. The History 1993 Entre Cuevas, , y Cruces. In Company, San Francisco. Cosmology and Natural Modeling Among see pp. 211, 622-623 Aboriginal American Peoples: Mesoamerica. The Second Sibley (82)Bancroft, Hubert Howe Conference on World Traditions of 1886 The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Culture and Art, Austin. Volume IV: The Native Races, Antiquities. The History Company, San (77)Badino, Giovanni, Alvise Belotti, Tullio Francisco. Bernabei, Antonio de Vivo, Davide Domenici, Italo see pp. 116, 117, 120, 128-129, 201-202, 373, 575, Giulivo 597-599, 600-601, 601-602

1999 Rio La Venta: Treasure of Chiapas. La (83)Bancroft, Hubert Howe Venta Associazione Culturale 1886 The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Esplorazioni Geografiche, Consejo Volume V: Primitive History. The History Estatal para la Cultura y las Artes de Company, San Francisco. Chiapas, Tipolitografia Turra, Padova. see pp. 532-533 see papers by Cortés Mandujano, Domenici, Drusini, Lee, Mendez, Orefici, Orefici et al., Piacenza Barabas, Alicia M., Marcus Winter, María del (78)Báez-Jorge, Felix Carmen Castillo, and Nallely Moreno 1991 Homshuk y el Simbolismo de la 2005 La cueva del Diablo: Creencias y Ovogenesis en Mesoamerica rituals de ayer y de hoy entre los (Reflexiones en Turno a los zapotecos de Mitla, Oaxaca. Diario de Radicalismos Difusionistas). La Palabra Campo, (Mayo). CONCULTA, Instituto y El Hombre 80:207-230. Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. (79)Baker, George T., III, Hugh Harleston, Jr., Alfonso Rangel, Matthew Wallrath, Manuel (84)Barakat, Robert A. Gaitán and Alfonso Morales 1965 The Bear's Son Tale in Northern 1974 The Subterranean System of the Mexico. Journal of American Folklore Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan: A 78:330-336. Physical Description and Hypothetical see pp. 331, 333

Reconstruction. Groupo UAC-KAN, (85)Barakat, Robert A. Apartado 6-857, Mexico. 1967 John the Bear and Beowolf. Western

Folklore 26(1):1-11. (80)Ballinger, Diana A. see pp. 3, 4 1986 Ossuary Burial of Cremated Human Remains from Copan, Honduras. M.A. (86)Barba de Piña Chan, Beatriz thesis, Department of Anthropology, 1993 Calzadas y Peregrinaciones University of Houston. Prehispánicas a las Deidades del Agua y see Aoyama (46), Brady (176), (178), (180), Gatschet (506), Gordon (540), Rue (1226), Rue et al. de los Mantenimientos. Antropología 40: (1227), Thomas (1469) 3-9. see p. 4 (81)Bancroft, Hubert Howe (87)Barba P., L.A., Linda Manzanilla, R. Chávez, Luis Flores and A.J. Arzate

11 1990 Caves and Tunnels at Teotihuacan, 1999 Los Vestigios Pictóricos de la Cueva Mexico: A Geological Phenomenon of de Tixcuytún, Yucatán. In Land of the Archaeological Interest. In and the Deer: Recent Research Archaeological Geology of North in Yucatan, edited by Ruth Gubler, pp. America, edited by Norman P. Lasca and 37-56. Labyrinthos Press, Lancaster. Jack Donahue, pp. 431-438. Geological Society of America, Boulder. (93)Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo 1970 The Ceremony of Tsikul T'an Ti' (88)Barbarena, Santiago I. Yuntsiloob at Balankanche. Appendix to: 1950 La Gruta de Corinto. Anales del Museo Balankanche, Throne of the Tiger Priest, Nacional "David J. Guzman" Vol. 1, No. by E. Wyllys Andrews IV, pp. 72-78. 3: 68-71. . Middle American Research Institute see Coladán (321) (322), Haberland (593), (594), Publication 32. New Orleans. (595), Paz (1071) (94)Barrera Vasquez, Alfredo (89)Barbour, Warren 1978 Mani. Boletín de la Escuela de 1987 Ceramic Figurines from Oxtotipac. In Ciencias Antropológicas de la The Teotihuacan Valley Project: Final Universidad de Yucatán No. 33:32-39. Report – Volume 4: The Toltec Period see pp. 36, 39. Occupation of the Valley, Part 2 – Surface Survey and Special Studies, (95)Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo edited by William T. Sanders, pp. 697- 1980 Diccionario Maya Cordemex. 754. Occasional Papers in Anthropology Ediciones Cordemex, Merida. No. 15. Department of Anthropology, The see pp. 4, 7, 123, 131, 133, 146, 215, 228-229, 596, Pennsylvania State University, University 889-890, 946, 961 Park. (96)Basante Gutiérrez, Oscar (90)Barrera Rubio, Alfredo 1982 Algunas Cuevas en Teotihuacán. 1985 The Rain Cult of the Puuc Area. In Memorial del Proyecto Arqueológico Fourth Round Table, 1980, Teotihuacán 80-82. Instituto Nacional de Vol. 6, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson, Antropología e Historia, Colección pp. 249-260. Pre-Columbian Art Científica No. 132, Vol. 1:341-349. Research Institute, San Francisco. Mexico. see pp. 250, 251, 253 (97)Basauri, Carlos (91)Barrera Rubio, Alfredo 1931 Tojolabales, Tzeltales y Mayas. 1999 La Ciudad del Brujo del Agua/The City Talleres Grafícos de la Nacion, Mexico. of the Water Wizard. In Cenotes y see p. 13 Grutas de Yucatán, edited by Luis Armando Ruíz Sosa, pp. 102-109. (98)Bassie-Sweet, Karen Secretaría de Ecología del Gobierno del 1991 From the Mouth of the Dark Cave: Estado de Yucatán, Merida. Commemorative Sculpture of the Late see Ruíz Sosa (1236) Classic Maya. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. (92)Barrera Rubio, Alfredo and Carlos Peraza see Day 1993, Joyce (712), Tedlock (1463) Lope (99)Bassie-Sweet, Karen

12 1996 At the Edge of the World: Caves and 1943 The Aboriginal Culture of the Cáhita Late Classic Maya World View. Indians. Ibero-Americana 19. Univeersity University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. of California Press, Berkeley. see Arrata (57), Brady (181), Brady (186) see p. 60

(100)Bassie, Karen (107)Beals, Ralph L. 2001 The Jolja’ Cave Project. Electronic 1945 The Contemporary Culture of the document, http://www.famsi.org/ Cáhita Indians. Bureau of American reports/00017. Foundation for the Ethnology, Bulletin 142. Smithsonian Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Institution, Washington, D.C. Inc. see p. 199

(101)Bassie, Karen, Jorge Peréz de Lara, and (108)Beals, Ralph L. Marc Zender 1945 Ethnology of the Western Mixe. 2000 Jolja Cave. The Pari Journal 1 (1): 5- University of California Publications in 10. American Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume XLII. (102)Baudot, Georges see pp. 64, 67-68, 87-89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 170-171 1974 The Last Years of Fray Bernardino de Sahagún (1585-90): The Resue of the (109)Beals, Ralph L. Confiscated Work and the Seraphic 1946 Cheran: A Sierra Tarascan Village. Conflicts. New Unpublished Documents. Institute of Social Anthropology, In Sixteenth-Century Mexico: The Works Publication 2. Smithsonian Institution, of Sahagún, edited by Munro Edmonson, Washington, D.C. pp. 165-187. University of New Mexico see pp. 157, 161-162

Press, Albuquerque. see p. 183 (110)Beaudry-Corbett, Marilyn, James E. Brady, Boyd Dixon, Pastor Gomez, George Hasemann (103)Beals, Ralph L. and Dorie Reents-Budet 1933 The Acaxee: A Mountain Tribe of 1997 North Central Honduras: A Maya Durango and Sinaloa. Ibero-Americana Landscape? In Proceedings of the 1995 6. University of California Press, and 1996 Latin American Symposia, Berkeley. edited by Alana Cordy-Collins and Grace see p. 32 Johnson, pp. 49-66. San Diego Museum Papers No. 34, San Diego Museum of (104)Beals, Ralph L. Man, San Diego. 1935 Two Mountain Zapotec Tales from see Brady (182), Brady et al. (202), (203), (204), Oaxaca. Journal of American Folklore (205), Cohen (321), Dixon et al. (386), Mexicon (924) 48:189-190. (111)Becker-Donner, Etta (105)Beals, Ralph L. 1974 Investigation of Some Keckchi Myths. 1939 Sacrificial Rites of the Mixe. Congreso Actas del XLI Congreso Internacional de Internacional de Americanistas Americanistas, Vol. 2: 122-126. Mexico. 27(2):428-434. Mexico. see pp. 122, 125 see pp. 429, 431, 432 (112)Becquelin, Pierre and Claude F. Baudez (106)Beals, Ralph L.

13 1982 Tonina: Une Cite Maya du Chiapas Field, pp. 113-124. Pre-Columbian Art (Mexique). Mission Arqueologique et Research Institute, San Francisco. Ethnologique Francaise au Mexique, Paris. (119)Bernal-García, María Elena see pp. 1225, 1231 1997 From Mountain to Toponym in the Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca. In Latin (113)Benavides Castillo, Antonio American Indian Literatures: Messages 1983 La Gruta de Xcan, Yucatán, Sitio de and Meanings, edited by Mary H. Enterramientos Prehispanicos. Mexicon Preuss, pp. 85-102. Labyrinthos Press, 5(2):32-36. Lancaster, CA.

(114)Benson, Elizabeth P. (120)Beteta, José Luis 1985 Architecture as Metaphor. In Fifth 1985 Sorprendente Aventura en el Pedregal Palenque Round Table, 1983, edited by de San Ángel. México Desconocido 103: Merle Greene Robertson and Virginia M. 41-45. Fields, pp. 183-188. Pre-Columbian Art see Iturriaga de la Fuente (693) Research Institute, San Francisco. (121)Betts, Robert C. and David Libbey (115)Benson, Elizabeth P. 1993 Speaking with Dios: A Costumbre in 1998 The Lord, the Ruler: Jaguar Symbol- Highland Guatemala. Shaman's Drum ism in the Americas. In Icons of Power: No. 33: 50-57. Feline Symbolism in the Americas, edited by Nicholas J. Saunders, pp. 53- (122)Bevans, Bernard 76. Routledge, London. 1938 The Chinantec: Report on the Central see pp. 59, 66-67, 71 and South-Eastern Chinantec Region, Volume 1 - The Chinantec Their Habitat. (116)Benuzzi, Silvia Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e 1981 A Pilgrimage to Chalma: The Analysis Historia, Publication No. 24, Washington, of Religious Change. Katunob: D.C. Occasional Publications in see p. 65 Mesoamerican Anthropology No. 17. Greeley, CO. (123)Bierhorst, John see pp. 7, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35-36 1992 History and Mythology of the Aztecs: The Codex Chimalpopoca. The (117)Berlo, Janet Catherine University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 1980 Teotihuacan Art Abroad: A Study of see pp. 23, 24, 41, 42, 85, 150, 153 Metropolitan Style and Provincial Transformation in Incensario Workshops. (124)Bitterli, Thomas, and other Cerro Rabón Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University. Project members (eds.) see pp. 170, 172, 298-300, 301 1996 Proyecto Cerro Rabón, 1990-1994, Oaxaca, Mexico. Speleo Projects,Caving (118)Bernal-García, María Elena Publications International, Basel, 1994 Tzatza: Olmec Mountains and the . Ruler's Ritual Speech. In Seventh Palenque Round Table, 1989, edited by (125)Blackiston, A. Hooton Merle Greene Robertson and Virginia 1910 Recent Discoveries in Honduras. American Anthropologist 12: 536-541.

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(126)Blackiston, A. Hooton (133)Blom, Frans 1910 Xochicalco. Records of the Past 9: 1961 Notas sobre Algunas Ruinas Todavía 295-308. sin Explorar. In Los Mayas del Sur y sus Relaciones con los Nahuas (127)Blaffer, Sarah C. Meridionales, pp. 115-125. VIII Mesa 1972 The Black-Man of Zinacantan: A Redonda de la Sociedad Mexicana de Central American Legend. University of Antropología, Mexico. Texas Press, Austin. see pp. 118, 119, 120-121 see pp. 20, 28, 29, 32-33, 38, 68-69, 102-103, 117, 148-149 (134)Blom, Frans 2004 Osurios, Cremación, y Entierros (128)Blanton, Richard Edward Secondarios de los Mayas de Chiapas. 1972 Prehispanic Settlement Patterns of the Bolom 1: 91-112. Ixtapalapa Penninsula Region, Mexico. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. (135)Blom, Frans 6. Department of Anthropology, Pennsyl- 2004 Notas sobre Algunas Ruinas Todavía vania State University, University Park. para Explorar. Bolom 1: 113-119. see pp. 38, 61a, 91, 125 (136)Blom, Frans and Gertrude Duby (129)Blom, Frans 1957 La Selva Lacandona: Andanzas 1924 Preliminary Work at , Arqueológicas. Editorial Cultura, T. G., Guatemala. Carnegie Institution of S.A., Mexico. Washington Year Book 23:217-219. see Vol 1: 341, 348-350; Vol 2: 43-45, 55, 59-60, 197, see p. 217 200, 218, 222, Figs. 91, 94

(130)Blom, Frans (137)Blom, Frans and Oliver La Farge 1928 Preliminary Notes on Two Important 1926-27 Tribes and Temples. Middle Maya Finds. Proceedings of the XXIII American Research Institute Publications Internactional Congress of Americanists, 1-2. New Orleans. pp. 165-171. New York. see Vol. 1:155-158; Vol 2: 252, 253, 367-368, 409- see pp. 165-167 410, 417-418, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511

(131)Blom, Frans (138)Bonet, F. 1929 Preliminary Report of the John 1953 Espeología Mexicana: Cuevas de la Geddings Gray Memorial Expedition Sierra Madre Oriental en la Región Conducted by the Tulane University of Xilitla. Boletín del Instituto de Geología Louisiana, New Orleans, LA in 1928. Número 57. Universidad Nacional Department of Middle American Autónoma de México, Mexico. Research, Tulane University, New Orleans. (139)Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo see pp. 6-7, 8 1968 Los que Trabajan con el Tiempo. Anales de Antropología 5: 99-128. (132)Blom, Frans Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 1954 Ossuaries, Creamation and Secondary México, Mexico. Burials Among the Maya of Chiapas, see pp. 112-113, 115-120, Foto. 1-5 Mexico. Journal de la Société des Américanistes 43: 123-135. (140)Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo

15 1971 Introducción al Ciclo de Ferias de 1995 Excavación de Salvamento en "Caves Curesma en la Región de Cuautla, Branch Rock Shelter", Cayo District, Morelos, México. Anales de Antro- Belize. IV Encuento Internacional pología 7:167-202. Universidad Nacional Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 1:46- Autónoma de México, Mexico. 70. see p. 169 (149)Bonor, Juan Luis (141)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis 1997 Caves Branch Caves: Archaeological 1987 Exploraciones en las Grutas de Field Report. Electronic document, Calcehtok y , Yucatán, México. http://www.famsi.org/ reports/96044. Mayab 3:24-31. Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (142)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis 1987 Aproximación al Estudio de las (150)Bonor, Juan Luis and David M. Glassman Fuentes de Agua en la Antigua Ciudad 1999 La Arqueología y el Estudio de los Maya de Oxkintok. Boletín de la Escuela Restos Humanos en “Caves Branch de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Rock Shelter”, Distrito de El Cayo, Universidad de Yucatán No. 87:32-40. Belice. Mayab 12: 18-30.

(143)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis (151)Bonor, Juan Luis and Carolina Martínez 1988 Cuevas Mayas en Yucatán. Historia, Klemm Vol. 16, No. 151, pp. 152-160. Madrid. 1995 Trabajos Recientes en la Región de Caves Branch, Distrito de el Cayo, (144)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis Belice. V Encuento Internacional 1989 Las Cuevas de Oxkintok: Informe Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 4:250- Preliminar. Memorias del Segundo 267. Coloquio Internacional de Mayistas, pp. 303-309. Universidad Nacional (152)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis and Ismael Autónoma de México, Mexico. Sanches y Pinto 1991 Las Cavernas del Municipio de (145)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis Oxkutzcab, Yucatán, México: Nuevas 1989 El Complejo Cueva-Pirámide en la Aportaciones. Mayab 7:36-52. Cultura Maya Antigua. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de (153)Boone, Elizabeth Hill la Universidad de Yucatán No. 90:3-16. 2000 Venerable Place of Beginnings: The Aztec Understanding of Teotihuacan. In (146)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From 1989 Las Cuevas Mayas: Simbolismo y Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Ritual. Universidad Compultense de Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Madrid, Madrid. Scott Sessions, pp. 371-395. University Press of Colorado, Boulder. (147)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis see p. 373 1992 El Culto al Sol en las Cuevas Mayas. Mayab 8:123-133. (154)Boremanse, Didier 1979 Magic and Poetry among the Maya: (148)Bonor, Juan Luis Northern Lacandon Therapeutic

16 Incantation. Journal of Latin American 2002 Openings to the Underworld: The Lore 5 (1): 45-53. Ancient Maya May Have Dug Caves with see pp. 48, 49 Spiritual Abondon. Science News 161 (20): 314-316. (155)Boremanse, Didier 1993 The Faith of the Real People: The (162)Boyd, Carolyn E. Lacandon of the Chiapas Rain Forest. In 1996 Shamanic Journeys into the South and Meso-American Native Otherworld of the Archaic Chichimec. Spirituality, edited by Gary H. Gossen Latin American Antiquity 7 (2):152-164. and Miguel León-Portilla, pp. 325-351. see pp. 153, 156-157, 159, 160, 161 The Crossroads Publishing Company, New York. (163)Bradt, George McClellan see pp. 327-328, 331, 332, 348 1949 Huichol Pilgrim. Natural History 58 (10):456-459, 475. (156)Boremanse, Didier see p. 456 1998 Hach Winick: The Lacandon Maya of Chiapas, Southern Mexico. Institute for (164)Brady, James E. Mesoamerican Studies, The University at 1987 A Re-Evaluation of Protoclassic Albany, Albany. Orange Wares. In: : see pp. 27, 28 Papers from the 1985 Maya Ceramic Conference, edited by Prudence M. Rice (157)Borhegyi, Steven F. de and Robert J. Sharer, pp. 469-477. BAR 1952 Travertine Vase in the Guatemala International Series 345, London. National Museum. American Antiquity 17:254-256. (165)Brady, James E. 1988 The Sexual Connotation of Caves in (158)Borhegyi, Stephen F. de Mesoamerican Ideology. Mexicon 1957 Incensario de Purulhá, Guatemala. 10(3):51-55. Antropología e Historia de Guatemala 9 (1):3-7. (166)Brady, James E. 1988 Analysis of Obsidian from Naj Tunich, (159)Borhegyi, Steven F. de Peten, Guatemala. In Obsidian Dates IV: 1965 Archaeological Synthesis of the A Compendium of Obsidian Hydration Guatemalan Highlands. In Handbook of Dates Made at UCLA Obsidian Hydration Middle American Indians, Vol. 2: Laboratory, edited by Clement W. Archaeology of Southern Mesoamerica, Meighan and Janet Scalise, pp. 120-127. Part 1, edited by Gordon R. Willey, pp. 3- UCLA Institute of Archaeology, Los 58. University of Texas Press, Austin. Angeles. see p. 54 (167)Brady, James Edward (160)Bower, Bruce 1989 An Investigation of Maya Ritual Cave 1998 Sacred Secrets of the Caves: Use with Special Reference to Naj Archaeologists Go Underground for Tunich, Peten, Guatemala. Ph.D. Enlightenment on Ancient Maya. Science dissertation, Archaeology Program, News 153 (4):56-58. University of California, Los Angeles.

(161)Bower, Bruce (168)Brady, James E.

17 1990 Report on Recent Damage to the 1993 Cuevas No Naturales: Una Forma de Inscriptions at Naj Tunich. Mexicon Arquitectura No Reconocida en el 12(1):5-6. Altiplano Maya. In Tercer Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en (169)Brady, James E. Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro 1990 The Discovery and Exploration of Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra Maya Sacred Caves. In Spirit of Villagrán de Brady, pp. 253-265. Enterprise: The 1990 Rolex Awards, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, edited by David W. Reed, p. 316. Buri Instituto de Antropología e Historia, International, Bern, Switzerland. Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(170)Brady, James E. (176)Brady, James E. 1990 Investigaciones en la Cueva de El 1993 El Proyecto de Cuevas Rituales de Duende. In Proyecto Arqueológico Copán. El Escribano, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1, Regional Petexbatún, Informe Preliminar 4. Boletín del Instituto Hondureño de #2, Segunda Temporada, 1990, pp. 334- Antropología e Historia, Tegucigalpa. 351, edited by A.A. Demarest and S.D. see Aoyama (46), Ballinger (80), Brady (178), (180), Houston. Vanderbilt University, Gatschet (506), Gordon (540), Rue (1226), Rue et al. (1227), Thomas (1469) Nashville.

(177)Brady, James E. (171)Brady, James E. 1994 El Impacto del Ritual en la Economia 1991 New Vandalism at Naj Tunich Cave. Maya. VII Simposio de Arqueología National Geographic Research and Guatemalteca, edited by Juan Pedro Exploration 7(1):114-115. Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp.

87-91. Ministero de Cultura y Deportes, (172)Brady, James E. Instituto de Antropología e Historia y 1991 Caves and Cosmovision at Utatlan. Asociación Tikal, Guatemala. California Anthropologist XVIII (1):1-10.

(178)Brady, James E. (173)Brady, James E. 1995 A Reassessment of the Chronology 1992 Function and Meaning of Lowland and Function of Gordon's Cave #3, Maya Shoe-Pots. Ceramica de Cultura Copan, Honduras. Ancient Mesoamerica Maya 16: 1-10. 6:29-38. see Aoyama (46), Ballinger (80), Brady (176), (180) (174)Brady, James E. Gatschet (506), Gordon (540), Rue (1226), Rue 1993 Exploraciones de la Rama Nueva de et al. (1227), Thomas (1469) Naj Tunich: Implicaciones para su Interpretación. In Tercer Simposio de (179)Brady, James E. Investigaciones Arqueológicas en 1996 Sources for the Study of Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use. Studies Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra in Mesoamerican Cave Use, Publication Villagrán de Brady, pp. 141-149. 1, George Washington University, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Washington, D.C. Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala. (180)Brady, James E.

(175)Brady, James E.

18 1997 Retorno a las Cavernas de Copán: Classic Maya World View, by Karen Otra Evaluación Preliminar. Yaxkin 15: Bassie-Sweet. University of Oklahoma 99-118. Press, Norman, 1996. The Explorers see Aoyama (46), Ballinger (80), Brady (176), (178), Journal 76 (3): 30-31. Gatschet (506), Gordon (540), Rue (1226), Rue et al. (1227), Thomas (1469) (187)Brady, James E.

1999 The Gruta de Jobonche: An Analysis (181)Brady, James E. of Speleothem Rock Art. In Land of the 1997 Review of: At the Edge of the World: Turkey and the Deer: Recent Research Caves and Late Classic Maya World in Yucatan, edited by Ruth Gubler, pp. View, by Karen Bassie-Sweet. University 57-68. Labyrinthos Press, Lancaster. of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 1996. Latin

American Amtiquity 8:159. (188)Brady, James E. see Bassie-Sweet (99) 1999 Sources for the Study of nd (182)Brady, James E. Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, 2 ed. 1997 Palaces of the Dead: Glimpses of the Studies in Mesoamerican Cave Use, Afterlife from a Middle Preclassic Cave Publication 1, California State University, Ossuary. In Proceedings of the 1995 and Los Angeles, Los Angeles. 1996 Latin American Symposia, edited by Alana Cordy-Collins and Grace (189)Brady, James E. Johnson, pp. 21-32. San Diego Museum 2000 Die Dunklen Geheimnisse der Maya - Papers No. 34, San Diego Museum of Archäologische Erforschung von Maya- Man, San Diego. Höhlen. In: Die Maya - Gottkönige im see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (110), Brady et al. (202), Regenwald, edited by Nikolai Grube, pp. (203), (204), (205), Cohen (321), Dixon et al. 296-307. Könemann, Köln. (386), Mexicon (924) (190)Brady, James E. (183)Brady, James E. 2000 Early Political Appropriation of the 1997 Settlement Configuration and Cos- Sacred Landscape. In The Sacred and mology: The Role of Caves at . the Profane: Architecture and Identity in American Anthropologist 99 (3):602-618. the Maya Lowlands, edited by Pierre Robert Colas, Kai Delvendahl, Marcus (184)Brady, James E. Kuhnert, Annette Schubart, pp. 129-136. 1998 Caves on the Cutting Edge. Acta Mesoamericana 10. Anthropology Newsletter 39 (3):23, 25. (191)Brady, James E. (185)Brady, James E. 2000 ¿Un Chicomostoc en Teotihuacan? The 1998 Las Grutas de Nooch Naj Cultunich. Contribution of the Heyden Hypothesis to San Benito No. 28: 5-11. San Benito, Mesoamerican Cave Studies. In In Chalchihuitl Peten. in Quetzalli, Precious Greenstone, Precious Quetzal Feather: Mesoamerica Studies in (186)Brady, James E. Honor of Doris Heyden, edited by Eloise 1998 Review of: Images from the Under- Quiñones Keber, pp. 1-13. Labyrintos Press, world: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Lancaster, CA. Maya Cave Painting, by Andrea Stone. University of Texas Press, 1995, and At (192)Brady, James E. the Edge of the World: Caves and Late

19 2002 Underwater Caves and Cenotes as 2009 Exploring Highland Maya Ritual Cave Keys to Understanding the Ancient Maya Use: Archaeology & Ethnography in Cosmos. dirQuest 3 (4): 22-25. Huehuetenango, Guatemala, Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin 20, (193)Brady, James E. Austin, TX. 2003 La Importancia de las Cuevas Artificiales para el Entendimiento de los (196)Brady, James E. and Wendy Ashmore Espacios Sagrados en Mesoamérica. In 1999 Mountains, Caves, Water: Ideational Espacios Mayas: Usos, Landscapes of the Ancient Maya. In Representaciones, Creencias, edited by Archaeologies of Landscapes: Alain Breton, Aurore Monod Becquelin Contemporary Perspectives, edited by and Mario Humberto Ruz, pp. 143-160. Wendy Ashmore and A. Bernard Knapp, Centro de Estudios Mayas, Universidad pp. 124-145. Blackwell Publishers, Nacional Autónoma de México/Centre Oxford. D'Étudies Mexicaines et Centraméricaines, México. (197)Brady, James E., Joseph W. Ball, Ronald L. Bishop, Duncan C. Pring, Norman Hammond and (194)Brady, James E. Rupert A. Housley 2003 In My Hill, In My Valley: The 1998 The Lowland Maya "Protoclassic": A Importance of Place in Ancient Maya Reconsideration of its Nature and Ritual. In Mesas and Cosmology in Significance. Ancient Mesoamerica 9 (1): Mesoamerica, edited by Douglas 17-38. Sharon, pp. 83-91. San Diego Museum see pp. 24-25, 32-33 Papers 42. San Diego Museum of Man, San Diego. (198)Brady, James E., Christopher Begley, John Fogarty, Donald J. Stierman, Barbara Luke, and (195)Brady, James E. Ann Scott 2004 Constructed Landscapes: Exploring 2000 Talgua Archaeological Project: A the Meaning and Significance of Recent Preliminary Assessment. Mexicon 22 Discoveries of Artificial Caves. Ketzalcalli (5):111-118. 1:2-17. (199)Brady, James E. and Juan L. Bonor Brady, James E. 1993 Las Cavernas en la Geografía 2005 The Impact of Ritual on Ancient Maya Sagrada de los Mayas. In Perspectivas Economy. In Stone Houses and Earth Antropológicas en el Mundo Maya, Lords: in the Cave edited by M. J. Iglesias and F. Ligorred, Context, edited by Keith M. Prufer and pp. 75-95. Sociedad Española de James E. Brady, pp. 115-134. University Estudios Mayas, Madrid. Press of Colorado, Boulder. (200)Brady, James E., Allan Cobb, Sergio Garza Brady, James E. and Robert Burnett 2005 Foreword. In The Hill-Caves of 2003 Balam Na: Reporte Preliminar de la Yucatan by Henry C. Mercer, f-1-f-23. Investigación de una Cueva Asociada al Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Río Poxte, Poptun. Atlas Arqueológico Austin. de Guatemala Reporte 17, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, pp. 131-157. Brady, James E. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes,

20 Dirección General del Patrimonio pp. 67-71. Association for Mexican Cave Cultural y Natural, Universidad de San Studies, Bulletin 20, Austin, TX. Carlos de Guatemala, Escuela de Historia, Area de Arqueología, (201)Brady, James E. and Federico Fahsen Guatemala. 1991 The Discovery of a New Maya Cave Painting Site in Guatemala. The Brady, James E., Allan B. Cobb, Sergio Garza, Explorers Journal 69 (2):52-55. Cesar Espinosa and Robert Burnett 2005 An Analysis of Ancient Maya Stalactite Brady, James E., and Sergio Garza Breakage at Balam Na Cave, 2009 Caves and Fish in Mesoamerica: An Guatemala. In Stone Houses and Earth Initial Consideration. In Exploring Lords: Maya Religion in the Cave Highland Maya Ritual Cave Use: Context, edited by Keith M. Prufer and Archaeology & Ethnography in James E. Brady, pp. 213-224. University Huehuetenango, Guatemala, edited by Press of Colorado, Boulder. James E. Brady, pp. 55-59. Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin 20, Brady, James E., Allan Cobb, Linda Palitt, Austin, TX. Donald Arburn, Sergio Garza, Christian Christiansen, Arturo Perez, Ann Scott, and Brady, James E., and Sergio Garza Arnulfo Delgado 2009 A Reassessment of Ethnographic Data 2009 Quen Santo Revisited: Updating on Cave Utilization in Santa Eulalia. In Eduard Seler’s 19th Century Cave Exploring Highland Maya Ritual Cave Studies. In Exploring Highland Maya Use: Archaeology & Ethnography in Ritual Cave Use: Archaeology & Huehuetenango, Guatemala, edited by Ethnography in Huehuetenango, James E. Brady, pp. 73-79. Association Guatemala, edited by James E. Brady, for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin 20, pp. 9-25. Association for Mexican Cave Austin, TX. Studies, Bulletin 20, Austin, TX. (202)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and Brady, James E. and Pierre R. Colas John Fogarty 2005 Nikte Mo’ Scattered Fire in the Cave of 1995 Harvest of Skulls & Bones. K’ab Chante: Epigraphic and Archaeology 48 (3):36-40. Archaeological Evidence for Cave see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (110), Brady (182), Brady Desecration in Ancient . In et al. (203), (204), (205), Cohen (321), Dixon et Stone Houses and Earth Lords: Maya al. (386), Mexicon (924)

Religion in the Cave Context, edited by (203)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and Keith M. Prufer and James E. Brady, pp. John Fogarty 149-166. University Press of Colorado, 1995 Buried Secrets, Luminous Find. (Also Boulder. published in Spanish as: Secretos

Escondidos, Luminosos Hallazgos). Brady, James E., and Arnulfo Delgado Américas 47(4):6-15. 2009 The Chicomoztoc and Modern Jalkatek see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (110), Brady (182), Brady Ethnography. In Exploring Highland et al. (202), (204), (205), Cohen (321), Dixon et Maya Ritual Cave Use: Archaeology & al. (386), Mexicon (924) Ethnography in Huehuetenango, Guatemala, edited by James E. Brady, (204)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and John Fogarty

21 1996 Explorando El Tiempo/Buried Secrets. Brady, James E. and Polly A. Peterson Aboard Magazine Jan/Feb. pp. 10-18. 2008 Re-envisioning Ancient Maya Ritual see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (110), Brady (182), Brady Assemblages. In Religion, Archaeology, et al. (202), (203), (205), Cohen (321), Dixon et and the Material World, edited by Lars al. (386), Mexicon (924) Fogelin, 78-96. Center for Archaeological

Investigations, Occasional Paper No. 36. (205)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and Southern Illinois University, Carbondale. John Fogarty

1997 La Cueva del Río Talgua: El (208)Brady, James E. and Keith Prufer Cementerio Más Antiguo de Honduras. 1999 Caves and Crystalmancy: Evidence for Yaxkin XVI: 49-56. the Use of Crystals in Ancient Maya see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (110), Brady (182), Brady et al. (202), (203), (204), Cohen (321), Dixon et Religion. Journal of Anthropological al. (386), Mexicon (924) Research 55:129-144.

(206)Brady, James E., Fernando Luin, Lori (209)Brady, James E. and Keith M. Prufer Wright, Carolina Foncea, Sandra Villagrán 2005 In the Maw of the Earth Monster: 1990 Investigaciones en la Cueva de Sangre Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use. y otras Cuevas de la Región de University of Texas Press, Austin. Petexbatún. In Proyecto Arqueo-lógico see Adams and Brady, Aguilar et al., Awe et al., Brady Regional Petexbatún, Informe Preliminar and Prufer, Brown, Fitzsimmons, Heyden, Moyes, Petryshyn, Prufer, Prufer and Brady, #2, Segunda Temporada, 1990, edited by Rincón Mautner, Sandstrom, Stone, Vogt and A.A. Demarest and S.D. Houston, pp. Stuart 438-567. Vanderbilt University, Nashville. see Peterson (1090)

(207)Brady, James E., Luis Fernando Luin, Lori (210)Brady, James E. and Keith M. Prufer Wright, Carolina Foncea de Ponciano, Sandra 2005 Introduction: A History of Villagrán de Brady Mesoamerican Cave Interpretation. In In 1991 Descubrimientos Recientes de la the Maw of the Earth Monster: Cueva de Sangre, Dos Pilas. In IV Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, edited Simposio de Arqueología Guate- by James E. Brady and Keith M. Prufer, malteca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, pp. 1-17. University of Texas Press, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra Austin. Villagrán de Brady, pp. 153-167. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Brady, James E. and Keith M. Prufer Instituto de Antropología e Historia, 2005 Maya Cave Archaeology: A New Look Asociación Tikal, Guatemala. at Religion and Cosmology. In Stone Houses and Earth Lords: Maya Religion in the Cave Context, edited by Keith M. Prufer and James E. Brady, pp. 365-379. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.

Brady, James E. and Dominique Rissolo 2006 A Reappraisal of Ancient Maya Cave Mining. Journal of Anthropological Research 62 (4): 471-490.

(211)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas

22 1992 Hallazgos Recientes y Nuevas A.A. Demarest, pp. 137- 141. Vanderbilt Interpretaciones de la Cueva de El University, Nashville. Duende. In V Simposio de Investi- gaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, (216)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Schwegman Escobedo A. and Sandra Villagrán de 1994 Nuevos Metodos para la Investigacion Brady, pp. 185-194. Ministerio de Cultura de Cuevas Mayas. VII Simposio de y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Arqueología Guatemalteca, edited by Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala. Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp. 495-505. Ministerio de (212)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de 1994 Análisis de la Naturaleza de los Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Depositos Rituales en las Cuevas Guatemala. Mayas: Comprension Reciente de la Cueva de los Quetzales. VII Simposio de (217)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott Arqueología Guatemalteca, edited by 1997 Excavations in Buried Cave Deposits: Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Implications for Interpretation. Journal of Escobedo A., pp. 539-551. Ministerio de Cave and Karst Studies 59 (1):15-21. Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, (218)Brady, James E., Ann Scott, Allan Cobb, Guatemala. Irma Rodas, John Fogarty, and Monica Urquizú Sánchez (213)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas 1997 Glimpses of the Dark Side of the 1995 Maya Ritual Cave Deposits: Recent Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Insights from the Cueva de los Project: The Petexbatun Regional Cave Quetzales. Institute of Maya Studies Survey. Ancient Mesoamerica 8 (2):353- Journal 1 (1):17-25. 364.

(214)Brady, James E., Irma Rodas, Lori Wright, (219)Brady, James E., Ann Scott, Hector Neff & Katherine Emery, Nora María López, Laura Michael Glascock Stivers and Robert Chatham 1997 Speleothem Breakage, Movement, 1991 Proyecto Arqueológico Regional de Removal and Caching: An Unreported Cuevas Petexbatún. In Proyecto Aspect of Ancient Maya Cave Modi- Arqueológico Regional Petexbatún, fication. Geoarchaeology 12 (6):725-750. Informe #3, Tercera Temporada, 1991, edited by A. Demarest, T. Inomata, and (220)Brady, James E. and Erin Sears J. Palka, pp. 652-748. Vanderbilt 2000 Cuevas, Peregrinaciones y University, Nashville. Arqueología. Los Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 8, Tomo II:219-227. (215)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott Campeche, Mexico. Schwegman 1993 Nuevos Metodos para la Invest-igacion (221)Brady, James E. and Andrea Stone de Cuevas Mayas. In Proyecto 1986 Naj Tunich: Entrance to the Maya Arqueológico Regional Petexbatún, Underworld. Archaeology 39 (6):18-25. Informe #5, Temporada, Quinta Temporada 1993, edited by J.A. Valdes, (222)Brady, James E. and Sandra Villagrán de A. Foias, T. Inomata, H. Escobedo and Brady

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