Holistic Methodologies in the Study of Scotland's

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Holistic Methodologies in the Study of Scotland's Holistic methodologies in the study of Scotland’s early stone castles and landscapes (c.1050-c.1350 CE) with reference to the Earldom of Orkney and the Lordship of Galloway. William John Edmund Wyeth University of Stirling Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2018 Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis was difficult, but was made more fun, engaging and rewarding thanks to the variously incidental or sustained support of many people. It is thanks to them, in the end, that it was completed, but any remaining errors are mine. My thanks to the Arts and Humanities Research Council and Historic Environment Scotland for funding this research; to the Catherine MacKichan Trust and the University of Stirling for grants to attend the St Louis Symposium on Medieval and Renaissance Studies; and to Stirling again for further small grants to attend numerous conferences. The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland gave generously to support attendance at the EAA in Glasgow in 2015, and also offered warm-hearted support and advice: thank you. The Scottish Medievalists supported papers in Croy and offered a like-minded community; the Society for Medieval Archaeology gave encouragement and fierce dedication in helping me in my first publication. I am indebted to their collegial support. I am equally indebted to the university libraries of Stirling, Edinburgh, Glasgow, St Andrews , Hull and York for access to their books. The staff at the National Library of Scotland and National Records of Scotland are also thanked. Image copyright permissions are gratefully acknowledged too. Many colleagues gave liberally of their time and expertise. Alasdair Ross, greatly missed, graciously offered his time and experience. To Hilary and Charlie Murray, Derek Alexander, Øystein Ekroll, Kieran O’Conor, Sally Foster, Barbara Crawford, my thanks. To Oliver O’Grady goes special thanks for helping a hapless PhD student recover a bag left on the roof of a car. To fellow PhDers, well done: Ben F, Kate B, Katy J, Shaun W, Vicki H and Helen Y. In the old RCAHMS, I am immensely grateful for the generosity and kindness of its most excellent surveying teams; Adam W, Alex H, Eve B, George G, Heather S, John B, John S; and superior collections officer, Dawn E. John Sinclair House was a home for me and I’m forever thankful to its kind-spirited community. To Iain, Izzie and Miriam, for countless coffees, baked goods, putting the world to rights and endless encouragement, thank you. Special thanks to my supervisors, Piers and Richard, for their patience and help, in all its forms: I thoroughly enjoyed the journey. My thanks to the good people of English Heritage in York and London for welcoming me and encouraging me in the last leg of this enterprise. My last thanks go to my friends, families and dearest; Ali McC, Dan N, Joe McA, Martin C, and Stevie G, cheers. Clarks and Moores, new and not so new, thank you too. Zoe and Hugh, your brother is back. To my parents biological, Penny and Peter, and acquired, Kate and Peter, I am grateful in so many ways: thank you. Lastly, to Ali: you know what (and how long) this has taken and have cheered me all the way. Thank you for your love and compassion above all else. 1 of 315 Abstract The historiography of Scottish castles was dominated, until the 1960s, by great works which defined the field for generations of historians and archaeologists. Since then several major excavations, intensive wide-ranging fieldwork and most recently, targeted topographic surveys, have brought a new body of evidence to the discussion. Familiar themes, however, still dominate how castles are understood: the dichotomy between ‘native’ and ‘newcomer’, the debate over function and form, for example. This thesis brings to bear the new body of evidence alongside a specific focus on castles and their landscapes for the period of c.1050-c.1350. It begins, firstly, with an examination of the full body of castle sites and contemporary secular power centres, following the typology-oriented categorisation of sites by RCAHMS (now HES). Included in this are sites in the formal typology of crannogs, brochs and duns, which evidence suggests were occupied for some or all of the period under discussion. The 12th to 13th centuries demonstrated the peak of first phase of castle occupation. There is a resultant impact on what might be expected from landscapes of lordship, borne out in the second section of the thesis, the regional studies. The first regional study examines the evidence for castles in the Earldom of Orkney, which conventional thinking suggests is home to Scotland’s earliest stone castle. Contemporary parallels are established with Norwegian and Swedish castles. Study of the landscape context suggests that the builders of castle sites in the 12th-century Earldom relied not on terrestrial, landed wealth but political authority and kinship with the comital family. Substantial wealth, derived from maritime exploitation, is also likely. The second regional study, of the Lordship of Galloway, looks at the emergence of stone castles there in connection to the political developments within the polity. Landscape assessment hints at a function of castle sites in the Lordship in relation to transhumance practice and fishing. The diversity of architectural expression of lordship is discussed. Study of the place-name context, useful in determining the status of farms or townships, reveals the unparalleled linguistic (and cultural) complexity of south- west Scotland, with resultant impact on underlying structures of local lordship. In the cases of Orkney and Galloway, trends are apparent which argue for the early stone castles of Scotland to be considered within highly contingent personal, political and social terms. Though they represent evidence for larger historical and architectural trends, the most compelling interpretation of these monuments frames their appearance in relation to their builders’ histories, connections, ambitions and preferences. Where physical evidence is lacking for castles, landscapes around known castle sites provide the material to understand lost monuments by their imprint on their surroundings. 2 of 315 Abbreviations Canmore Computer Application for National Monument Record Enquiries CDS J. Bain (ed.), Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland (Edinburgh, 1881) Crossraguel Chrs. F.C. Hunter Blair (ed.), Charters of the Abbey of Crossraguel (Edinburgh, 1886) ER G. Burnett, G.P. McNeill, J. Stuart (eds), Rotuli Scaccari Regum Scottorum (Edinburgh, 1878-1908) DES Discovery and Excavation Scotland G Scottish Gaelic HER Historic Environment Record HES Historic Environment Scotland HLA Historic Land-use Assessment map, Historic Environment Scotland, <http://map.hlamap.org.uk/>, 2015 HMSO Her Majesty’s Stationary Office Kelso Liber C. Innes (ed.), Liber S. Marie de Calchou: registrum abbacie Tironensis de Kelso (Edinburgh, 1846) ME or OScot Middle English or Older Scots (interchangeable) Melrose Liber C. Innes, Liber Sancte Marie de Melros (Edinburgh, 1837) MS/MSS Manuscript/s NLS National Library of Scotland NMRS National Monuments Record of Scotland NMS National Museum of Scotland NRS National Records of Scotland NSA New Statistical Account OE Old English ON Old Norse OrkSag H. Pálsson, P. Edwards (eds), Orkneyinga Saga: The history of the Earls of Orkney (London, 1981) OS Ordinance Survey OScand Old Scandinavian (label for sites of ON or Old Danish linguistic origin) PSAS Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland RCAHMS Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Scotland Reg. Morton C. Innes (ed.), Registrum Honoris de Morton (Edinburgh, 1853) Reg. Pais. Anon., Registrum Monasterii de Passelet (Edinburgh, 1832) RMS J.M. Thomson, J.B. Paul (eds.), Registrum Magni Sigilli (Edinburgh, 1814- 1914) RRS G.W.S. Barrow, G.G. Simpson, C.J. Neville, A.A.M. Duncan, B. Webster (eds), Regesta Regum Scottorum (Edinburgh, 1960-2012) RSSRS M. Livingstone (ed.), Registrum Secreti Sigili Regum Scottorum (Edinburgh, 1908-21) SHR Scottish Historical Review St. Bees J. Wilson (ed.), Registrum Prioratus de Sancta Bega (London, 1915) SSNS Scottish Society for Northern Studies TDGNHAS Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society TH Tower house Compass points: Cardinal points of the compass are represented by their first letter, capitalised; NNE means north-north-east, for example. Measurements: all are metric. 3 of 315 List of figures Figure 1: Sites visited during thesis ......................................................................................................... 22 Figure 2: Thesarus labels of sites examined in the sift process ............................................................... 57 Figure 3: Summary of selection criteria for sites ..................................................................................... 58 Figure 4: Simplified sample entry of database, formatted from Excel to Word ..................................... 61 Figure 5: Table of sift results ................................................................................................................... 62 Figure 6: Table of sift results by century and grade ................................................................................ 64 Figure 7: Bar chart of discrete century-by-century numbers of sites evidencing medieval occupation . 64 Figure 8: Table of changes in volume of currency in circulation in Scotland, c.1250-c.1290 .................. 65 Figure 9: Line graph of cumulative
Recommended publications
  • Case Study 9 - Scotland North Coast
    Case Study 9 - Scotland North Coast 9.1. Introduction The North coast is 560km in length, running from the north-west at Cape Wrath eastwards to Duncansby Head and John O’Groats, with the Orkney Isles lying close offshore, and the Shetland Isles further into the North Sea. Its characteristics are varied with the North Sea interacting for the most part with rocky sea cliffs interspersed by small bays. As one of the least inhabited areas of Scotland there are a small number of abandoned villages and ruins and a few ports and fishing villages, which have stood the test of time, forced down to the coast by the rugged Highlands of the hinterland. The coastline is more structured along this part, characterised by a series of headlands, small bays and sandy beaches - a product of erosion themselves - acting as a natural buffer and providing important dune habitats for flora and fauna (Mendum et al., 20011). There is a small but eclectic mix of socio-cultural development in this area, retaining a distinctive Nordic influence whilst including the resting and submission point of wartime enemies, remnants of villages created or dispersed by the Highland Clearances, a chain of fifteenth century seaside mansions and a retired nuclear reactor (Barling et al., 19962). 9.1.1. Geology & Geomorphology The structure of the coastline is relatively solid in comparison to the fragmented western coast, with 74% (416km) comprised of hard or mixed geology and only 1% (7km) of soft coastline (Fitton et al., 20173). The geology of the area runs in strikes from south-west to north-east changing along the coastline from west to east.
    [Show full text]
  • Arrow-Loops in the Great Tower of Kenilworth Castle: Symbolism Vs Active/Passive ‘Defence’
    Arrow-loops in the Great Tower of Kenilworth castle: Symbolism vs Active/Passive ‘Defence’ Arrow-loops in the Great Tower of Kenilworth ground below (Fig. 7, for which I am indebted to castle: Symbolism vs Active/Passive ‘Defence’ Dr. Richard K Morris). Those on the west side have hatchet-shaped bases, a cross-slit and no in- Derek Renn ternal seats. Lunn’s Tower, at the north-east angle It is surprising how few Norman castles exhibit of the outer curtain wall, is roughly octagonal, arrow-loops (that is, tall vertical slits, cut through with shallow angle buttresses tapering into a walls, widening internally (embrasure), some- broad plinth. It has arrow-loops at three levels, times with ancillary features such as a wider and some with cross-slits and badly-cut splayed bases. higher casemate. Even if their everyday purpose Toy attributed the widening at the foot of each was to simply to admit light and air, such loops loop to later re-cutting. When were these altera- could be used profitably by archers defending the tions (if alterations they be)7 carried out, and for castle. The earliest examples surviving in Eng- what reason ? He suggested ‘in the thirteenth cen- land seem to be those (of uncommon forms) in tury, to give crossbows [... ] greater play from the square wall towers of Dover castle (1185-90), side to side’, but this must be challenged. Greater and in the walls and towers of Framlingham cas- play would need a widening of the embrasure be- tle, although there may once have been slightly hind the slit.
    [Show full text]
  • CYCLING Stewartry
    CYCLING in and around Stewartry The natural place to cycle See also:- - Cycling Signposted Routes in Dumfries and Galloway - Sustrans Maps www.sustrans.org.uk - The National Byway Map www.thenationalbyway.org.uk Particular thanks to John Taylor CTC for route and text contributions and for photographs. Photographs also by Alan Devlin and Dumfries and Galloway Tourist Board This publication has been, designed and funded by a partnership of: Supported by Solway Heritage through the Landfill Tax Credit Scheme A Message from the Health Improvement Group Cycling can seriously improve your health & happiness. Enjoy! CYCLING IN STEWARTRY This booklet is one of a series of four covering the whole of Dumfries & Galloway that suggest a variety of cycle tours for visitors and locals of all abilities. Local cycling enthusiasts, using their knowledge of the quieter roads, cycle routes and byways, have researched the routes to provide an interesting and rewarding taste of the region. A note of distance, time, terrain and facilities is given at the start of each route. All start points offer parking, toilets, snack places and accommodation. Some routes include stretches off-tarmac and this is indicated at the start of the route. Parking discs are required for some car parks and these are available at Tourist Information Centres and in local shops. Stewartry is part of the old province of Galloway. In those centuries when the easiest way to travel any distance was by sea, it held a strategic place on the west coast, Irish and Isle of Man routes. This explains the many archaeological remains near the coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Meeting with Police 4 November 2003
    Scheme THE HIGHLAND COUNCIL Community Services: Highland Area RAUC Local Co-ordination Meeting Job No. File No. No. of Pages 4 SUMMARY NOTES OF MEETING + Appendices Meeting held to Discuss: Various Date/Time of Meeting: 22nd April 2021 at 10.30 Issue Date* 26/04/2021 Author Kirsten Donald Draft No. 1 REF ACTIONS 1.0 Attending / Contact Details Highland Council Community Services; Area Roads Alistair MacLeod [email protected] Alison MacLeod [email protected] Jonathan Gunn [email protected] Adam Lapinski [email protected] Holly Fraser [email protected] Andrew MacIver [email protected] Lucy Tonkin [email protected] Kevin fulton [email protected] Openreach Duncan MacLennan [email protected] Bruce McClory [email protected] Scottish & Southern Energy Andrew Ewing [email protected] Gary Hay [email protected] Scottish Water Darren Pointer [email protected] Emma west [email protected] Bear Scotland Mike Gray [email protected] SGN Alex Torrance [email protected] Martin Gemmell [email protected] Network Rail David Murdoch [email protected] 2.0 Apologies / Others Courtney Mitchel [email protected] 3.0 Minutes of previous Highland RAUC Meeting Previous Minutes Accepted 4.0 HC Roads Inverness Currently carrying out resurfacing works @ B851 – B861 then move to Inverness city centre week commencing 04/05/21. Academy Street / Chapel street – Friars lane resurfacing will commence weekend 24th April. Alex mention some conflict of works @ Drummond Road as 120m need to be done starting 05/05/21 and will continue for 5 weeks, but Allan Hog was going to defer HC works.
    [Show full text]
  • Rousay Egilsay and Wyre Community Council
    MINUTES of the MEETING of ROUSAY, EGILSAY, WYRE & GAIRSAY COMMUNITY COUNCIL (REWGCC), held in the ROUSAY COMMUNITY SCHOOL on TUESDAY 21 JUNE 2011, at 7.30 pm. Present: Mr R Tipper, Mr JE Dick, Mr A Firth, Mr EJA Flaws, Miss I Murray and Mr E Shortland. In attendance: Councillor S Harcus Mrs D Compton, Clerk 1. ELECTION OF OFFICE BEARERS Following procedure for election of office bearers, it was:- RESOLVED:- (1) that Mr R Tipper be reappointed as Chairperson of REWGCC; (2) that Mr M Hull be reappointed as Vice Chairperson of REWGCC; (3) that Mr JE Dick be reappointed as Planning Representative to REWGCC; (4) that Mr A Firth be reappointed as Municipal and Roads Services (MARS) Representative to REWGCC; and (5) that Miss I Murray be reappointed as Transport Representative to REWGCC. 2. APOLOGIES RESOLVED to note that apologies for absence had been intimated on behalf of Mr M Hull, Councillor S Hagan, Councillor G Sinclair and Constable T Macleod, Northern Constabulary. 3. ADOPTION OF MINUTES – 5 FEBRUARY 2011 The minutes of the meetings held on 5 February 2011 were approved, being proposed by Mr R Tipper and seconded by Mr A Firth. 4. MATTERS ARISING FROM PREVIOUS MEETINGS a) Development of Local Policy for Requests for Financial Assistance Towards Late Boat Hire (5.2.11, Para 9 (B), Notes – 26.4.11, Para 4 (B)) The REWGCC discussed the issues concerning requests for financial assistance with hiring the MV Eynhallow. Funding from the ‘Fairer Scotland Fund’ ceased in March 2011 and Orkney Ferries had increased the hire charge to £902 for a minimum rental of two hours and £72 per hour thereafter, with annual increases.
    [Show full text]
  • Sweetheart Abbey and Precinct Walls Statement of Significance
    Property in Care (PIC) ID: PIC216 Designations: Scheduled Monument (SM90293) Taken into State care: 1927 (Guardianship) Last reviewed: 2013 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE SWEETHEART ABBEY AND PRECINCT WALLS We continually revise our Statements of Significance, so they may vary in length, format and level of detail. While every effort is made to keep them up to date, they should not be considered a definitive or final assessment of our properties. Historic Environment Scotland – Scottish Charity No. SC045925 Principal Office: Longmore House, Salisbury Place, Edinburgh EH9 1SH © Historic Environment Scotland 2018 You may re-use this information (excluding logos and images) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open- government-licence/version/3/ or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: [email protected] Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Any enquiries regarding this document should be sent to us at: Historic Environment Scotland Longmore House Salisbury Place Edinburgh EH9 1SH +44 (0) 131 668 8600 www.historicenvironment.scot You can download this publication from our website at www.historicenvironment.scot Historic Environment Scotland – Scottish Charity No. SC045925 Principal Office: Longmore House, Salisbury Place, Edinburgh EH9 1SH SWEETHEART ABBEY SYNOPSIS Sweetheart Abbey is situated in the village of New Abbey, on the A710 6 miles south of Dumfries. The Cistercian abbey was the last to be set up in Scotland.
    [Show full text]
  • Hand-Book of Hamilton, Bothwell, Blantyre, and Uddingston. with a Directory
    ; Hand-Book HAMILTON, BOTHWELL, BLANTYRE, UDDINGSTON W I rP H A DIE EJ C T O R Y. ILLUSTRATED BY SIX STEEL ENGRAVINGS AND A MAP. AMUS MACPHERSON, " Editor of the People's Centenary Edition of Burns. | until ton PRINTED AT THE "ADVERTISER" OFFICE, BY WM. NAISMITH. 1862. V-* 13EFERKING- to a recent Advertisement, -*-*; in which I assert that all my Black and Coloured Cloths are Woaded—or, in other wards, based with Indigo —a process which,, permanently prevents them from assuming that brownish appearance (daily apparent on the street) which they acquire after being for a time in use. As a guarantee for what I state, I pledge myself that every piece, before being taken into stock, is subjected to a severe chemical test, which in ten seconds sets the matter at rest. I have commenced the Clothing with the fullest conviction that "what is worth doing is worth doing well," to accomplish which I shall leave " no stone untamed" to render my Establishment as much a " household word " ' for Gentlemen's Clothing as it has become for the ' Unique Shirt." I do not for a moment deny that Woaded Cloths are kept by other respectable Clothiers ; but I give the double assurance that no other is kept in my stock—a pre- caution that will, I have no doubt, ultimately serve my purpose as much as it must serve that of my Customers. Nearly 30 years' experience as a Tradesman has convinced " me of the hollowness of the Cheap" outcry ; and I do believe that most people, who, in an incautious moment, have been led away by the delusive temptation of buying ' cheap, have been experimentally taught that ' Cheapness" is not Economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Orkney Greylag Goose Survey Report 2015
    The abundance and distribution of British Greylag Geese in Orkney, August 2015 A report by the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust to Scottish Natural Heritage Carl Mitchell 1, Alan Leitch 2, & Eric Meek 3 November 2015 1 The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucester, GL2 7BT 2 The Willows, Finstown, Orkney, KY17, 2EJ 3 Dashwood, 66 Main Street, Alford, Aberdeenshire, AB33 8AA 1 © The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright holder. This publication should be cited as: Mitchell, C., A.J. Leitch & E. Meek. 2015. The abundance and distribution of British Greylag Geese in Orkney, August 2015. Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Report, Slimbridge. 16pp. Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Slimbridge Gloucester GL2 7BT T 01453 891900 F 01453 890827 E [email protected] Reg. Charity no. 1030884 England & Wales, SC039410 Scotland 2 Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Methods ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Field counts ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Transactions Session 1894-95
    No. 11. THE TRANSACTIONS JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY Natural Hislory & Anfiquarian Sociely. FOUNDED NOVEMBER, 1862. SESSION 1894-95 PRINTED AT THE COURIER AND HERALD OFFICES, DUMFRIES. 1 896. ®l*^*^**5**8»»5*»t*»J***^5**********^5^*^^ No. 11. THE TRANSACTIONS JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY Natural Hislory & Antiquarian Society. \^ ^ - "•' FOUNDED NOVEMBER, 1862. V/> ^,^^' SESSION 1894-9 5 PRINTED AT THECOT'KIKR AND HERALD OFFICES, DUMFRIES. 1896. O O XJ IT C I H.- Sir JAMES CRICHTON-BROWNE, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. THOMAS M'KIE, F.S.A., Advocate. WILLIAM JARDINE MAXWELL, M.A., Advocate. .TAMES GIBSON HAMILTON STARKE, M.A., Advocate. PHILIP SULLEY, F.R. His. Soc. EDWARD .T. CHINNOCK, LL.D.. M.A., LL.B. S!ivea»uvev. JOHN A. MOODIE, Solicitor. Sxbvaviatf. JAMES LENNOX, F.S.A. (Lurator of Sevbatriutn. GEORGE F. SCOTT.ELLIOT, M.A., B.Sc, F.L.S., assisted by the Misses HANNAY. Curator of ^u»eunt. PETER GRAY. (Qt^ec '^exnbev9. Rev. WILLIAM ANDSON. JAMES BARBOUR, Architect. JAMES DAVIDSON, F.I.C. JAMES C. R. MACDONALD, M.A„ W.S. ROBERT MURRAY. JOHN NEILSON, M.A. GEORGE H. ROBB, M.A. JAMES MAXWELL ROSS, M.A., M.B. JAMES S. THOMSON. JAMES WATT, COnSTTEnSTTS- Pagt'. Secretary's Reixirt ... .. 1 . • 2 Treasurer's RejKirt . .. ... The Home of Annie Laurie. Rev. Sir E. Laurie . 3 Botanical Notes for 1894. J. M'Andrew 10 Kirkbean Folklore. S. Arnott . 11 Dumfrie.s Sixty Years ago. R. H. Taylor IS Antiquities of Dunscore. Rev. R. Simpson . 27 Colvend during Fifty Years. Rev. J.
    [Show full text]
  • Transactions Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History Antiquarian Society
    Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society LXXXIV 2010 Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society FOUNDED 20th NOVEMBER, 1862 THIRD SERIES VOLUME LXXXIV Editors: ELAINE KENNEDY FRANCIS TOOLIS ISSN 0141-1292 2010 DUMFRIES Published by the Council of the Society Office-Bearers 2009-2010 and Fellows of the Society President Morag Williams MA Vice Presidents Dr A Terry, Mr J L Williams, Mrs J Brann and Mr R Copeland Fellows of the Society Mr J Banks BSc, Mr A D Anderson BSc, Mr J Chinnock, Mr J H D Gair MA, Dr J B Wilson MD, Mr K H Dobie, Mrs E Toolis and Dr D F Devereux Mr L J Masters and Mr R H McEwen — appointed under Rule 10 Hon. Secretary John L Williams, Merkland, Kirkmahoe, Dumfries DG1 1SY Hon. Membership Secretary Miss H Barrington, 30 Noblehill Avenue, Dumfries DG1 3HR Hon. Treasurer Mr L Murray, 24 Corberry Park, Dumfries DG2 7NG Hon. Librarian Mr R Coleman, 2 Loreburn Park, Dumfries DG1 1LS Hon. Editors Mr James Williams (until November 2009) Elaine Kennedy, Nether Carruchan, Troqueer, Dumfries DG2 8LY (from January 2010) Dr F Toolis, 25 Dalbeattie Road, Dumfries DG2 7PF Dr J Foster (Webmaster), 21 Maxwell Street, Dumfries DG2 7AP Hon. Syllabus Convener Mrs E Toolis, 25 Dalbeattie Road, Dumfries DG2 7PF Hon. Curators Joanne Turner and Siobhan Ratchford Hon. Outings Organisers Mr J Copland and Mr A Gair Ordinary Members Mrs P G Williams, Mr D Rose, Mrs C Iglehart, Mr A Pallister, Mrs A Weighill, Mrs S Honey CONTENTS Rosa Gigantea - George Watt, including ‘On the Trail of Two Knights’ by Girija Viraraghavan by Morag Williams ...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Current State- Of-Art on Protection
    REPORT ON THE CURRENT STATE- OF-ART ON PROTECTION, CONSERVATION AND PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL RUINS D.T1.1.1 12/2017 Table of contents: 1. INTRODUCTION - THE SCOPE AND STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ........................................................................... 3 2. HISTORIC RUIN IN THE SCOPE OF THE CONSERVATION THEORY ........................................................................... 5 2.1 Permanent ruin as a form of securing a historic ruin .................................................................... 5 2.2 "Historic ruin" vs. "contemporary ruin" ............................................................................................ 6 2.3 Limitations characterizing historic ruins ....................................................................................... 10 2.4 Terminology of the conservation activities on damaged objects ............................................... 12 3. RESEARCH ON HISTORIC RUINS ................................................................................................................................ 14 3.1. Stocktaking measurements ............................................................................................................. 14 3.1.1. Traditional measuring techniques .............................................................................................. 17 3.1.2. Geodetic method ............................................................................................................................ 19 3.1.3. Traditional, spherical, and photography
    [Show full text]
  • Dumfries and Galloway Described by Macgibbon and Ross 1887–92: What Has Become of Them Since? by Janet Brennan-Inglis
    TRANSACTIONS of the DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY NATURAL HISTORY and ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY FOUNDED 20 NOVEMBER 1862 THIRD SERIES VOLUME 88 LXXXVIII Editors: ELAINE KENNEDY FRANCIS TOOLIS JAMES FOSTER ISSN 0141-12 2014 DUMFRIES Published by the Council of the Society Office-Bearers 2013–2014 and Fellows of the Society President Mr L. Murray Vice-Presidents Mrs C. Iglehart, Mr A. Pallister, Mrs P.G. Williams and Mr D. Rose Fellows of the Society Mr A.D. Anderson, Mr J.H.D. Gair, Dr J.B. Wilson, Mr K.H. Dobie, Mrs E. Toolis, Dr D.F. Devereux, Mrs M. Williams and Dr F. Toolis Mr L.J. Masters and Mr R.H. McEwen — appointed under Rule 10 Hon. Secretary Mr J.L. Williams, Merkland, Kirkmahoe, Dumfries DG1 1SY Hon. Membership Secretary Miss H. Barrington, 30 Noblehill Avenue, Dumfries DG1 3HR Hon. Treasurer Mr M. Cook, Gowanfoot, Robertland, Amisfield, Dumfries DG1 3PB Hon. Librarian Mr R. Coleman, 2 Loreburn Park, Dumfries DG1 1LS Hon. Institutional Subscriptions Secretary Mrs A. Weighill Hon. Editors Mrs E. Kennedy, Nether Carruchan, Troqueer, Dumfries DG2 8LY Dr F. Toolis, 25 Dalbeattie Road, Dumfries DG2 7PF Dr J. Foster (Webmaster), 21 Maxwell Street, Dumfries DG2 7AP Hon. Syllabus Conveners Mrs J. Brann, Troston, New Abbey, Dumfries DG2 8EF Miss S. Ratchford, Tadorna, Hollands Farm Road, Caerlaverock, Dumfries DG1 4RS Hon. Curators Mrs J. Turner and Miss S. Ratchford Hon. Outings Organiser Mrs S. Honey Ordinary Members Mr R. Copland, Dr Jeanette Brock, Dr Jeremy Brock, Mr D. Scott, Mr J. McKinnell, Mr A. Gair, Mr D. Dutton CONTENTS Herbarium of Matthew Jamieson by David Hawker ..............................................
    [Show full text]