AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME RICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRI CAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA N AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRIC AN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICANLACK HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AM IS B HIS ERICAN HISTORY 365 TAFRICANH AMERICANTO HISTORY 365 AFR N R ICAN AMERICAN HISTORYO 365 AFRICAN AMERICANY HISTOR M M Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICANO AMERIC Y AN HISTORY 365R AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORYN 365 AFRICA

E T H N AMERICAN HISTORYV 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICANE HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICA N HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME RICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRI CAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AN HISTORY 365 AFRICANalafricanamerican.com AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA

N AMERICANJANUARY HISTORY14 Dudley Randall, founder of365 Broadside Press, was born in AFRICAN1 President Abraham AMER Lincoln - ICAN Washington, HISTORY D.C, 1914. issues Emancipation Proclama- tion, 1863. 15 Martin Luther King, Jr., clergy 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN man, activist and leader ofHIS the - 2 Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander, , was born TORY the first African 365 American womanAF- RICAN in , Georgia,AMERIC 1929. to receive a Ph.D. in the , was born in Philadelphia, 16 Marcelite Jordan Harris, the first AN 1898. HISTORY 365 African AmericanAFRICAN female general in the United States Air Force, AMERICAN3 William Tucker, the first recordedHIS- TORY was born in365 Houston, AFRIC Texas, 1943. African American born in the BLACK H American colonies, was born in IS IS 17 Three-time heavyweight boxing Douglas Wilder, the first Hpopularly-elected African American to hold a U.S. state’s highestT office, being sworn in as AN Jamestown, AMERICAN , 1624. governor of Virginia, JanuaryT 13, 1990, outside the state capitol in Richmond. AP O HISTORY champion Muhammad Ali 365was N R born in Louisville, Kentucky, 1942. AFRICAN4 Grace Bumbry, opera AMER singer, was -8 CharlesO Deslondes leads slave 11 Reuben V. Anderson, first YAfricanICAN HISTORY born in St. Louis, Missouri, 1937. revolt in Louisiana, 1811. American to be appointed to M 18 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, pioneer M Supreme Court, 1985. heart surgeon, was born in 3655 Alvin AFRICAN Ailey, Jr., hall of fame AMERICAN9 Earl Gilbert Graves, Sr., HISTORY publisher, 365 AFRICANO Hollidaysburg, AMERICAN , choreographer and activist, was Yentrepreneur, philanthropist, 12 U.S. Supreme Court rules that 1856. HISTORY born in Rogers, Texas, 365 1931. AFRICAN R and founder of AMERICAN Black Enterprise African HISTORY Americans have the right 365 N AFRICAN AM magazine was born in Brooklyn, to study law at state institutions, 19 John Harold Johnson, publisher E T

6 Louis Allen Rawls, soul, jazz and New York, 1935. 1948. (Ebony and Jet magazines), H ERICAN blues singer, died HISTORY in 2006. V 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY author and businessman 365 wasAFR 10 George Washington Carver, 13 Douglas Wilder becomes first

E born in Arkansas City, Arkansas, ICAN7 Zora Neale AMERICAN Hurston, author and agriculturalHISTORY scientist, inventor, 365 AFRICAN African American U.S. governorAMERICAN 1918. HISTOR playwright, was born in Notasulga, and educator born in 1864. (Virginia) since Reconstruction, Y 365Alabama, 1891.AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 1990. 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN20 Colin Luther HISTORY Powell became the 36512 National AssociationAFRICAN for the Ad- first African American United vancement of Colored People AMERICAN States Secretary of State, 2001.HIS- TORY (NAACP) founded,365 1909. AFRI 21 Leonard Roy Harmon, the first 13 Edward Gay “Eddie” Robinson, CAN African AMERICAN American to have a navy HISTORY hall of fame football coach,365 was ship named in his honor, was born in Jackson, Louisiana, 1919. AFRICAN born in Cuero, Texas, AMER 1917. - ICAN HISTOR 14 Frederick Douglass, abolitionist, 22 Susan Rice confirmed as U.S. women’s suffragist, editor, author Y 365 Ambassador AFRICAN to the U.N., the first AMERICAN and statesman, was born HISin - Left to right: Hiram R. Revels, first African American to serve in the U.S. Senate. Rosa Parks’ booking photo. African American female to hold Congressman John Lewis. Credits/ Revels: Library of Congress; Parks: Universal History Archive; Lewis: CNN Tuckahoe, Maryland, 1818. TORY that position, 365 2009. AF- RICAN AMERIC FEBRUARY player, humanitarian and activist, 15 Henry Lewis becomes the first 23 Roots the television miniseries dies, 1993. African American to lead a sym- AN based on Alex Haley’s bookHIS Roots: -1 National Freedom Day. President TO phony orchestra in the United - The Saga of an American Family, Abraham Lincoln signed resolution 7 The first day of Negro History States, 1968. RY began airing365 on ABC, 1977.AFRICAN that proposed theAMERICAN 13th Amendment Week, originatedHISTORY by historian 365 AFRICA which would officially abolish Carter G. Woodson, 1926. Negro 16 James Baskett, first African 24 Jackie Robinson is first African , 1865. History Week later became Black American male actor to receive N AmericanAMERICAN elected to Baseball HISTORY 365 AFRICAN History Month. AMERICAN an Oscar, wasHISTORY born in Hall of Fame, 1962. 2 Alfred L. Cralle received patent Indianapolis, , 1904. #576395 for a lever-operated ice 8 Debra Janine “Debi” Thomas 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN cream scoop, a design still wide- HISTORYLA C becameK the first365 African American AFRICAN AMERIC 25 Black Entertainment Television S B HI 17 James Nathaniel “Jim” Brown, began broadcasting, 1980. ly used today, 1897. I to win the UnitedST States National hall of fame football player and AN HISTORY 365 AFRICANTH AMERICAN Ladies’ Figure SkatingO HISTORY title, 1986. actor, was365 born in St.AFRIC Simons 26 Angela Yvonne Davis, political 3 Eric H. NHolder Jr. sworn in as the R Island, Georgia, 1936. AN activist AMERICAN and educator, was born HISTORY nation’sO first African American365 AFRICAN9 Bernard Anthony Harris, AMERICAN Jr.Y HISTORY in Birmingham, , 1944. attorney general, 2009. becomes first African American M 18 Toni Morrison, recipient of the M astronaut to walk in space, 1995. 1993 Nobel Prize for Literature 36527 Leontyne AFRICAN Price made her Metro- AMERICAN 4 Rosa Parks, civil rights HISTORY pioneer, 365 AFRICANO and the AMERICAN 1988 Pulitzer Prize for politan Opera debut, 1961. Y who sparked the 1955 Montgomery, 10 Mary Violet Leontyne Price, her novel Beloved, was born in HISTORY 365 AFRICAN R Alabama bus boycott, AMERICAN was born in internationally HISTORY acclaimed opera 365N Lorain, AFRICAN Ohio, 1931. AM 28 Ronald Ervin McNair, physicist Tuskegee, Alabama, 1913. singer, was born in Laurel, E T

and NASA astronaut, died, Mississippi, 1927. 19 Vonetta Flowers becomes H ERICAN along with six otherHISTORY crew mem- V 5 Henry365 Louis AFRICAN “Hank” Aaron, hall AMERICAN HISTORY Winter Olympics’ 365 first African AFR of fame baseball player, was born 11 Nelson Mandela of South Africa

bers, during the launch of the E American gold medalist, 2002. Space Shuttle Challenger, 1986. in Mobile, Alabama, 1934. is released from prison after 27 ICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN years, 1990. AMERICAN HISTOR Y 365 AFRICAN 6AMERICAN Arthur Ashe Jr., hall of fame tennis HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN HISTORY 20 , actor, director, 365 author and diplomat,AFRICAN was born in Miami, Florida, 1927.

AMERICAN21 John Robert Lewis, civil rightsHIS- leader, politician and author, TORY was born in365 Troy, Alabama, AFRI 1940. 22 James Reese Europe, ragtime CAN and jazz AMERICAN bandleader, arranger and composer, was born in HISTORY Mobile, Alabama, 1881. 365 23 William Edward Burghardt AFRICAN DuBois, civil rights AMER activist, his- - torian and author, was born in Jimmie Lee Jackson. Family photo “Bloody Sunday,” March 7, 1965. The first Selma to Montgomery march ends violently at the Edmund Pettus Bridge. Future congressman John Lewis is in the light-colored coat on the right. Photo: Spider Martin ICAN Great Barrington, HISTOR , 1868. 28 Michael Jackson, musician and inventor and entrepreneur, was ranking African American officer entertainer, wins eight Grammy born in Paris, Kentucky, 1877. in the , born in Y24 Rebecca365 Lee Crumpler becomesAF- Awards, 1984. Norfolk, Virginia, 1825. first African American woman to 5 one of the first RICAN receive a medical degreeAMERICAN (New M A RHISTORY C H LA C casualtiesK 365 of the AmericanAFRICAN Rev- 9 Oscar Stanton DeAMERIC Priest, the first England Female Medical College), IS B olution, H wasI killed in the African American elected to Con- 1864. 1 The Civil RightsH Act of 1875 was Massacre, 1770.ST gress in the 20th century, was AN HISTORY 365 signedAFRICAN intoT law by President AMERICAN OHISTORY born 365in Florence, AFRICA Alabama, 1871. 25 Hiram R. Revels, first African UlyssesN Grant, 1875. 6 The Supreme Court decidedR 10 Harriet Tubman, abolitionist, N AmericanAMERICAN to serve in the U.S. HISTORYO 365 AFRICAN Dred Scott v. Sandford AMERICAN. ThisY Union Army HISTORY spy and suffragist, Senate. He filled the seat once 2 David Satcher, physician, United opinion declared that slaves M died. Tubman was buried with held by Jefferson Davis, 1870. StatesM Surgeon General and As- were not U.S. citizens and could military honors, 1913. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICANO AMERIC Y sistant Secretary for Health, was not sue in Federal courts, 1857. 26 Civil rights activist Jimmie born in Anniston, Alabama, 1941. 11 Ralph David Abernathy, minister AN Lee HISTORYJackson dies after being shot365 R AFRICAN AMERICAN7 The first Selma to Montgomery HISTORY N and civil 365 rights leader, AFRIC was born by state police in Marion, Alabama, E3 Thomas L. Jennings, first African march ended when marchers T in Linden, Alabama, 1926.

1965. American to receive a U.S. patent were attacked by state and local H AN AMERICAN VHISTORY (number 3306x) for a 365dry-scour- AFRICAN police at the Edmund AMERICAN Pettus 12 Virginia Hamilton, HISTORY children’s

27 Marian Anderson, world-renowned E ingcprocess, now known as dry Bridge “Bloody Sunday,” 1965. books author, was born in Yellow 365 opera AFRICAN singer and civil rights acti- AMERICAN cleaning, 1821. HISTORY 365 AFRICAN Springs, AMERICAN Ohio, 1936. vist, was born in Philadelphia, 8 Alexander T. Augusta, surgeon, HISTORY Pennsylvania, 1897. 365 AFRICAN4 Garrett Augustus AMERICAN Morgan, Sr., Civil WarHISTORY veteran, and highest- 365 AFRICAN AM AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN13 Cowtown/Work HISTORY to Ride polo 365 to vote, 1870.AFRICAN team from Philadelphia, PA, first AMERICAN African American team toHIS win - TORY31 Thomas M.365 Peterson of PerthAFRI the National Interscholastic Polo Amboy, New Jersey cast the first Championship, 2011. vote by an African American after CAN AMERICAN HISTORY the passage of the 15th Amend- 365 14 Quincy Delight Jones, Jr., ment, 1870. AFRICAN trumpeter, music conductor AMER and - ICAN HISTOR arranger, record producer, and APRIL film composer, was born in Y 365 , ,AFRICAN 1933. AMERICAN1 Dr. Charles R. Drew, medical HIS - researcher who developed tech- TORY15 Joseph Jenkins 365 Roberts, theAF first - RICAN niques for processing AMERIC and pre- President of the Republic of serving blood, died in a car acci- Liberia, was born in Norfolk, dent, 1950. AN Virginia, HISTORY 1809. 365 Dr. Charles R. Drew. Courtesy of Moorland-Spingarn Martin Luther King Jr. Public domain AFRICAN AMER- Research Center. 2 Georgetown coach John Thomp- ICAN16 Mississippi becameHISTO the last state -21 Lewis H. Latimer of New York writer, was born in Memphis, RY son 365becomes firstAFRICA African Amer- to ratify the 13th Amendment City shared patent number Tennessee, 1942. ican coach to win NCAA basket- to the United States Constitution 255,212 for a Globe Supporter ball tournament, 1984. N whichAMERICAN abolished slavery, 1995. HISTORY for Electric Lamps, 1882.365 AFRICAN26 Thomas J. Martin ofAMERICAN Dowagiac, HISTORY Michigan received patent num- 3 Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered 36517 Nathaniel AFRICAN Adams “Nat King” Cole, AMERICAN22 Joseph Paul Reason, the firstHISTORY ber 125,063 for365 improvements AFRICAN in his “I’ve Been toAMERIC the Mountaintop” African American four-star LA C theK fire extinguisher, 1872. hall of fame jazz pianist and S B HI speech in support of the striking singer, was born in Montgomery, admiral in the United I States Navy, ST sanitation workers in Memphis, AN Alabama, HISTORY 1919. 365 wasAFRICAN born inT Washington,H D. C.,AMERICAN 27 Arthur Mitchell, hallO ofHISTORY fame Tennessee, 365 1968. AFRIC 1941. N dancer and choreographer,R was AN18 Fred AMERICAN Shuttlesworth, minister and HISTORYO 365 AFRICAN born in Harlem, New AMERICAN York,Y 1934. 4 Martin Luther HISTORY King, Jr. was civil rights activist, was born 23 Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr., M assassinated in Memphis, Freddie Lee Robinson in Mount theM first African American mayor 28 William Christopher “W. C.” Tennessee, 1968. 365 Meigs, AFRICAN Alabama, 1922. AMERICAN of Atlanta, Georgia, was HISTORY born in Handy, hall365 of fame AFRICANblues com- O AMERICAN YDallas, Texas, 1938. poser and musician, died, 1958. 5 Booker Taliaferro Washington, HISTORY19 Rev. Leon Sullivan 365 elected to AFRICAN R AMERICAN HISTORY 365N educator, AFRICAN author and political AM board of directors of General 24 Janet Harmon Waterford Bragg, 29 Andrew Jackson Beard, hall of leader, was born enslaved on the E T

Motors, 1971. the first African American female fame inventor, was born in Burroughs Plantation in Virginia, H ERICAN HISTORYV to365 hold a commercial AFRICAN pilot license, AMERICAN Woodland, Alabama, 1849. HISTORY 1856. 365 AFR

20 Jan E. Matzeliger received patent E was born in Griffin, Georgia, 1907. ICAN 274,207 forAMERICAN his Automatic HISTORY 365 30AFRICAN The 15th Amendment was AMERICAN adopt- 6 Matthew A. Henson HISTOR becomes one Method for Lasting Shoes, 1883. 25 Aretha Louise Franklin, hall of ed into the Constitution granting of the first people to reach the Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN fame pianist, singer and song- HISTORY African American 365 men the rightAFRICAN North Pole, 1909. AMERIC AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN7 Granville T. HISTORYWoods patents 36525 The United AFRICANNegro College Fund (#315,368) apparatus for trans was founded to raise funds for AMERICAN mission of messages by electricity, HIS - TORY private historically 365 Black AFRI colleges 1885. and universities, 1944.

CAN8 Hank AaronAMERICAN hits his 715th career HISTORY26 Sarah Boone patents ironing365 home run, surpassing Babe Ruth board, patent number 473,653, AFRICAN as Major League Baseball’s AMER all- - ICAN 1892. HISTOR time home run leader, 1974. 27 Coretta Scott King, civil rights Y9 365 Marian Anderson AFRICAN performed her AMERICAN leader and author, was born HIS in - critically acclaimed concert on Marion, Alabama, 1927. TORY the steps of the365 Lincoln Memorial, AF - RICAN AMERIC 1939. 28 Sojourner Truth, abolitionist and women’s rights activist, first Hundreds of school students in Birmingham, Alabama skipped school to march in protest of segregation during the AN10 Robert HISTORY Lee Elder became the 365 first Birmingham civil rights campaign, May 2–5, 1963. Image: Wikipedia AFRICAN African American womanAMER to be - African American to play in the honored with a bust in the U.S. Masters Golf Tournament, 1975. baseball player of the modern Tony Award for Best Choreogra- Capitol, 2009. ICAN HISTO- era, 1947. pher (The Wiz), 1975. RY 365 AFRICA 11 Percy Lavon Julian, research 29 Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington, N chemistAMERICAN and pioneer in the HISTORY16 Slavery abolished in365 the District AFRICAN 21 Locksley Wellington AMERICAN “Slide” hall of fame HISTORYpianist, composer chemical synthesis of medicinal of Columbia, 1862. Hampton, jazz trombonist, com- and big band leader, was born in drugs from plants, was born in poser and arranger, was born in Washington, D. C., 1899. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN17 Mifflin Wistar Gibbs, businessman, HISTORYL A C Jeannette,K Pennsylvania, 365 1932.AFRICAN AMERIC Montgomery, Alabama, 1899. S B HI politician and the firstI elected ST 30 Michelle J. Howard, first African AN12 Harold HISTORY Washington becomes first365 AfricanAFRICAN AmericanTH municipal AMERICAN 22 Catherine L. Hughes,O HISTORYbusiness American 365 woman to AFRICcommand a African American mayor of judge, wasN born in Philadelphia, executive and founder Rof Radio U.S. Navy ship and first female AN Chicago, AMERICAN Illinois, 1983. HISTORY Pennsylvania,O 1823. 365 AFRICAN One and TV One, was AMERICAN bornY four-star admiral, HISTORY was born in Catherine Elizabeth Woods in M Riverside, California, 1960. 13 Sidney Poitier became the first 18 Alice M Walker wins Pulitzer Prize Omaha, Nebraska, 1947. 365 African AFRICAN American man to win theAMERICAN for fiction for The Color HISTORY Purple, 365 AFRICANO AMERICANMAY Academy Award for Best Actor Y1983. 23 Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus patents HISTORY for his role in the movie365 Lilies AFRICAN of R AMERICAN photographic HISTORY print washer patent 365 N 1 Gwendolyn AFRICAN Elizabeth Brooks AM the Field, 1964. 19 Stationed in Germany, Major number 537,968. 1895. became the first African American E T

General Frederic E. Davidson to win the Pulitzer Prize for her H ERICAN14 First abolitionist HISTORY society in U.S. V becomes365 first AFRICAN Black to lead an 24 AMERICAN David Harold Blackwell, the firstHISTORY book of poetry, 365Annie Allen AFR, 1950.

is founded in Philadelphia, 1775. E army division, 1972. African American inducted into ICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN the National Academy of AMERICANSciences, 2 The Children’s CrusadeHISTOR began in 15 Jackie Robinson became the first 20 George Faison became the first was born in Centralia, Ill., 1919. Birmingham, Alabama, 1963. Y 365 African American AFRICAN major league AMERICAN African American to win the HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

In 2001, the Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 concluded that between 100 and It has been estimated that rioters decimated more 300 people were killed and nearly 10,000 people made homeless. Photos: Oklahoma Historical Society than $200 million of Black property in today’s dollars.

3 The United States Supreme 8 Matthew A. Cherry of Washington, born in Nokomis, Alabama, 1916. segregation in public schools Court decided in the case of D.C. received patent number unconstitutional in Brown v. Shelley v. Kraemer that courts 382,351 for improvements in 13 Joe Louis, hall of fame boxer Board of Education decision, could not enforce racial covenants velocipede (bicycle/tricycle), 1888. known as “the Brown Bomber,” 1954. on real estate, 1948. was born Joseph Louis Barrow RICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICANLA AMERICANC HISTORY18 Plessy vs. Ferguson 365: Supreme AFRI 9 John Albert Burr receivedS B patent inK Lafayette, HI Alabama, 1914. 4 Thirteen Freedom Riders set off number 624,749 for I an improved ST Court upholds the doctrine of CAN from WashingtonAMERICAN D.C. to New HISTORY rotary bladeT lawn-mower,H 365 1899. 14AFRICAN Rosa Jinsey Young,O “the AMERICAN mother “separate but equal”HISTOR education Orleans, 1961. N of Black Lutheranism in RAlabama,” and public accommodations, 1896. Y 365 AFRICAN 10AMERICAN PickneyO Benton Stewart HISTORY was born in Rosebud, 365 Ala.,Y 1890.AFRICAN AMERIC 5 Eugene Marino becomes first Pinchback, the first African M 19 Malcolm X, was born Malcolm African American installed as a AmericanM to become governor of 15 Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity (the Little in Omaha, Nebraska, 1925. AN Roman HISTORY Catholic archbishop in365 aAFRICAN state in the United States, AMERICAN was Boulé), the first African HISTORY AmericanO 365 AFRICA the U.S., 1988. Yborn in Macon, GA, 1837. Greek lettered organization, was 20 John Matthew Shippen, Jr., R founded in Philadelphia, Penn., N the first African American pro- N6 WilliamAMERICAN Howard “Willie” Mays, Jr., HISTORY 11 William Grant Still, 365the “Dean ofAFRICAN 1904. AMERICAN fessional golfer, HISTORY died, 1968. E T

hall of fame baseball player, was African American Classical H 365 born inAFRICAN Westfield, Alabama, 1931. AMERICANV Composers” was born in HISTORY16 Dr. William Harry365 Barnes becomeAFRICAN 21 Katherine Mary AMERIC Dunham, hall of fame dancer, choreographer,

E Woodville, Mississippi, 1895. first African American board-cer- 7 Joseph R. Winters patents first tified medical specialist, 1927. author, educator, activist and AN fire HISTORYescape ladder, 1878. 36512 Albert AFRICAN L. Murray, literary, music AMERICAN HISTORY “Matriarch 365 and Queen AFRIC Mother of AN AMERICAN HISTORY and social critic and novelist,365 was AFRICAN17 U.S. Supreme Court AMERICANdeclares Black Dance,” HISTORY died, 2006. AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN22 James Mercer HISTORY Langston Hughes, 365 African AmericanAFRICAN ever granted poet, novelist and playwright, tenure at Harvard University, AMERICAN died, 1967. HIS- TORY was born in365 Daytona Beach,AFRI Florida, 1977. 23 Sgt. William H. Carney becomes CAN the first AMERICAN African American HISTORY5 John Wesley Carlos, hall of365 fame awarded the Congressional track and field athlete and 1968 AFRICAN Medal of Honor, 1900. AMER- ICAN Olympics medalHISTOR ceremony protester, was born in Harlem, 24 Coleman Alexander Young, the New York, 1945. Y 365 first African AFRICANAmerican mayor of AMERICAN HIS- Detroit, Michigan, was born in 6 Tommie Smith, hall of fame track TORY Tuscaloosa, Alabama,365 1918. AF- RICAN and field athlete AMERIC and 1968 Olym- pics medal ceremony protester, 25 Madam C.J. Walker, first Ameri- was born in Clarksville, Texas, AN can HISTORY woman to become a million- 365 AFRICAN 1944. AMER- aire through her own business, ICAN died, 1919. HISTO- RY7 Gail 365 Fisher became AFRICA the first John Carlos and Tommie Smith with fists raised in Alabama Gov. George Wallace blocking the door at the African American to win an 26 Miles Dewey Davis III, hall of protest, Mexico City Summer Olympics, 1968. AP University of Alabama, June 1963. Wikipedia Emmy Award, 1970. N fame jazzAMERICAN trumpeter, bandleader HISTORY 365 and composer, was born in Ohio, 1851. JUNE 8 William D. “Willie” Davenport, Alton, Illinois, 1926. hall of fame track and field athlete, AFRICAN AMER-30 Vivian Malone becomes the firstL A1C MorganK Porterfield Freeman, Jr., ICAN HISTORY S B HI was born in Troy, Alabama, 1943. 27 Ernest Gideon Green became African American toI graduate actor and filmS directorT was born 365 the firstAFRICAN African American to AMERICAN from the UniversityTH of Alabama, HISTORY in Memphis, Tennessee,365O 1937.AFRICAN9 William Pinkney AMERIC became the graduate from Little Rock Cen- 1965. N R fourth American and the first AN tral HISTORYHigh School in Little Rock, 365 AFRICANO AMERICAN2 Charles Sifford, hall ofHISTORY fameY African American365 to AFRICsail solo Arkansas, 1958. 31 The in the golfer who helped to desegregate M around the world, 1992. GreenwoodM neighborhood of the Professional Golfers’ Associ- AN28 Horace AMERICAN King, the most respected HISTORY Tulsa, Oklahoma occurred. 365 AFRICAN ation of America (PGA), AMERICAN was O 10 Marcus Mosiah HISTORY Garvey, Jr., bridge builder in Alabama, Y Rampaging Whites looted and born in Charlotte, North Carolina, publisher, entrepreneur, orator 365 Georgia, AFRICAN and northeastern AMERICAN R burned nearly 40 blocks HISTORY of 1922. 365 AFRICANN and Black AMERICAN Nationalist, died, 1940. Mississippi during the mid-1800s, homes and businesses, may have E T

died, 1885. killed hundreds and left nearly 3 Josephine Baker, entertainer and 11 George Wallace stood in the H HISTORY 365 AFRICANV 10,000 predominantly AMERICAN African actress, HISTORY was born Freda Josephine 365 doorway AFRICAN of Foster Auditorium AM American people homeless, 1921. McDonald in St. Louis, Missouri,

29 Sojourner Truth delivered her E blocking Vivian Malone and ERICAN famous “Ain’t I HISTORYa Woman” 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN 1906. HISTORY James Hood, from 365 enrolling, AFR 1963. speech at the Ohio Women’s ICAN Rights Convention AMERICAN in Akron, HISTORY 365 4AFRICAN Roland G. Fryer, Jr., youngest AMERICAN HISTOR AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN12 Medgar W. Evers,HISTORY civil rights 365 civil rights activistAFRICAN died, 1938. leader, is assassinated in AMERICAN Jackson, Mississippi, 1963. HIS- TORY27 Paul Laurence 365 Dunbar, poet,AFRI was born in Dayton, Ohio, 1872. 13 nominated CAN to the U.S.AMERICAN Supreme Court by HISTORY28 U.S. Supreme Court overturned365 President Lyndon Johnson, 1967. the conviction of Muhammad Ali AFRICAN AMER- ICAN for refusing inductionHISTOR into the 14 Nat (pronounced Nate) Love, military, 1971. one of the most famous cowboys Y 365 of the Old West,AFRICAN was born in AMERICAN29 Charles Everett Dumas becameHIS - Davidson County, Tennessee, 1854. the first person to high jump TORY 365 AF- RICAN seven feet, 1956.AMERIC 15 Ella Jane Fitzgerald, hall of fame jazz and pop vocalist also known 30 Lena Mary Calhoun Horne, AN as HISTORY the “First Lady of Song,” 365 died, AFRICAN singer, actress, dancer AMER and civil - 1996. rights activist, was born in ICAN HISTO- RY Brooklyn, 365 New York,AFRICA 1917. 16 Eddie Levert, lead vocalist of R&B vocal group The O’Jays, was born JULY N in Bessemer,AMERICAN Alabama, 1942. HISTORY 365 1 Frederick Carlton “Carl” Lewis, AFRICAN17 Minuteman Peter SalemAMER fights in - AC ICAN hall of fame trackHISTORY and field athlete, the Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775. Goodman, Chaney and Schwerner were kidnapped BL and killed for tryingK to registerH Black people to vote in was born in Birmingham, Ala- Mississippi. S I I ST bama, 1961. 36518 Sallie Martin,AFRICAN the “Mother of TH O AMERICAN HIS- Gospel Music” and entrepreneur, and MichaelN Schwerner, civil 24 Jeanine Menze becameR the first 2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was TORY died, 1988. 365 AF- rightsO activist, were murdered African American female toY earn RICAN signed into lawAMERIC by President near Philadelphia, Mississippi, United States Coast Guard Lyndon B. Johnson, 1964. 1964. aviation designation, 2005. M 19 in Texas are M AN notified HISTORY of Emancipation Procla- 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORYO 3 Macon Bolling365 Allen AFRIC became the mation, issued in 1863. “June- 22Y Joe Louis knocked out Max 25 James H. Meredith, the first first African American licensed Schmeling at 2:04 of first round African American student at the N AN teenth,” AMERICAN marks the event, 1865. HISTORYR 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN to practice lawHISTORY in the United at Yankee Stadium, 1938. University of Mississippi, was States, 1844. E T 20 Lionel Brockman Richie, Jr., born in Kosciusko, Mississippi,

23 Wilma Rudolph, first American 1933. H 365 singer, AFRICAN songwriter and record AMERICANV HISTORY 365 AFRICAN4 Arthur AMERICAN George “A.G.” Gaston, woman to win three gold medals

producer, was born in Tuskegee, E entrepreneur and businessman, HISTORY Alabama, 1949. 365 AFRICAN in track and field AMERICAN in a single 26 James HISTORY Weldon Johnson, author, 365 was AFRICAN born in Demopolis, Alabama, AM Olympic Games, was born in diplomat, poet, songwriter of 1892. ERICAN21 , AndrewHISTORY Goodman Clarksdale,365 Tennessee,AFRICAN 1940. AMERICANLift Every Voice and Sing, and HISTORY 365 AFR AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN5 Andrew Jackson HISTORY Beard of 36520 Violet Palmer,AFRICAN the first woman to Woodlawn, Alabama received officiate a National Basketball AMERICAN patent number 478,271 forHIS an - TORY Association 365 game, was bornAFRI in improved rotary steam engine, Compton, California, 1964. 1892. CAN AMERICAN HISTORY21 The National Association of365 6 Donnie L. Cochran, first African Colored Women’s Clubs, Inc. AFRICAN American to command AMER the U.S. - ICAN was founded in HISTORWashington, Navy Blue Angels, was born near D.C., 1896. Pelham, Georgia, 1954. Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN22 Emlen Lewis Tunnell, the HIS first - 7 Leroy Robert “Satchel” Paige, African American inducted into TORY hall of fame baseball365 player, AF was - RICAN the Pro Football AMERIC Hall of Fame, born in Mobile, Alabama, 1906. died, 1975.

AN8 The HISTORY Clotilda, the last known 365 AFRICAN23 Jackie Robinson becomes AMER first - American slave ship to bring African American major league ICAN enslaved AfricansHISTO to the U.S., - RY baseball 365 player inductedAFRICA into the arrived in Mobile, Alabama with Baseball Hall of Fame, 1962. 110 African captives, 1860. N AMERICAN Ida B. Wells-Barnett went from being born in slavery to being a leading voice for equality and women’s rights. HISTORY24 Alexander Dumas, playwright365 Jackie Robinson endured enormous pressure as the man who integrated Major League Baseball. 9 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performs and novelist, was born Dumas AFRICAN first successful open AMER heart -13 Thurgood Marshall becomes first Holly Springs, Mississippi, 1862. ICAN Davy de la PailleterieHISTORY in Picardy, surgery, 1893. BLACK France, 1802. African American appointedIS U.S. HIS solicitor general,H 1965. 17 Billie Holiday, hallT of fame jazz 36510 Mary JaneAFRICAN McLeod Bethune, AMERICANT HISTORY singer and songwriter 365O known AFRICAN as 25 Garrett A. Morgan, AMERIC Sr. used his hall of fame educator and civil 14 Sarah E.N Goode, first African “Lady Day,” died, 1959.R gas mask to rescue men trapped AN rights HISTORY leader, was born in 365 AmericanAFRICANO woman to receive aAMERICAN HISTORYY in an underground 365 tunnel,AFRIC 1916. Mayesville, , 1875. patent (322,177) for her invention 18 Nelson R. Mandela, first South M ofM the cabinet bed, 1885. African president to be elected 26 President Harry S. Truman AN11 W.E.B. AMERICAN DuBois and William HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICANO issues Executive HISTORY Order 9981, Y in a fully-representative demo- Monroe Trotter organize the 15 Maggie Lena Walker, hall of fame cratic election, was born in ending segregation in armed N 365 Niagara AFRICAN Movement, a forerunner AMERICAN R businesswoman, educator HISTORY and Mvezo, South365 Africa, AFRICAN 1918. forces, AMERICAN 1948. of the NAACP, 1905. E the first female bank president, T

was born in Richmond, Virginia, 19 William Henry Hastie was con- 27 The Chicago Race Riots, the H HISTORY12 Frederick McKinley 365 Jones AFRICAN V 1864. AMERICAN firmed HISTORY as Judge of the Third U. S. 365 worst AFRICAN of the country’s riots AM

received three patents (numbers E Circuit Court of Appeals, the first during the of 1919, ERICAN 2,475,841 – 2,475,843). HISTORY Patent 16 Ida 365 Bell Wells-Barnett, AFRICAN journalist AMERICAN African American federal circuit HISTORY began, 1919. 365 AFR 2,475,841 was for a portable air- and civil and women’s rights judge, 1950. ICAN cooling unitAMERICAN for trucks, 1949. activist,HISTORY was born enslaved 365 in AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN28 14th Amendment, HISTORY granting 3658 William AFRICAN Augustus Hinton, bacteri- AMERICAN 16 Carol Elizabeth Moseley Braun,HIS - African Americans full citizen- ologist, pathologist, educator and the first African American woman TORY ship rights, 365 becomes partAFRI of the first African American to publish elected to the U.S. Senate, was Constitution, 1868. a medical textbook, died, 1959. born in Chicago, Illinois, 1947.

CAN29 Keeth AMERICANThomas Smart, the first HISTORY9 Jesse Owens wins fourth365 gold AFRICAN17 Marcus Mosiah Garvey, AMER Jr., - American to be named the top- medal at Summer Olympics in publisher, entrepreneur, orator ICAN ranked fencer internationally,HISTOR Berlin, 1936. and Black Nationalist, was born was born in Brooklyn, New York, in St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica, 1887. 1978. 10 General Colin Powell is nominat- Y 365 AF- RICAN ed chairman, Joint ChiefsAMERICAN of Staff, 18 James H. Meredith becameHIS the - 30 Elizabeth R. Haynes, first African the first African American to hold first African American to graduate TORY American woman to serve on the 365 the post, 1989. AFRICAN from the UniversityAMERIC of Mississippi, national board of the YWCA, was 1963. born in Lowndes County, Alabama, 11 Alex Haley, author of Roots and AN 1883. HISTO- RY The Autobiography365 of MalcomAFRICAN X, 19 Benjamin Banneker, AMER wrote a - was born in Ithaca, New York, 1921. letter to then U.S. Secretary of 31 Whitney Moore Young, Jr., State Thomas Jefferson pointing ICAN Barack Obama, official presidential portrait, 2012. HISTORY 365 AFRICA civil rights leader, was born in Pete Souza/Public domain 12 Emma Ophelia DeVore, the first out the hypocrisy of slavery, 1791. Lincoln Ridge, Kentucky, 1921. prominent African American NAMERICAN HISTORY 365 first African American President AFRICAN model in the United AMERICAN States, was 20 The first 20 AfricansHISTORY were brought AUGUST of the United States, was born in born in Edgefield, South Carolina, to what would become James- 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN Honolulu, Hawaii, 1961. HISTORYLA C 1922.K 365 AFRICAN town, Virginia aboardAMERIC a Dutch 1 Michael Duane Johnson became S B HI ship, 1619. the first man to win Gold medals 5 Shirley Jackson, first I female and 13 The BrownsvilleST Raid of 1906, AN in theHISTORY 200 and 400 meter races 365 AfricanAFRICAN AmericanTH president ofAMERICAN “Brownsville Affair,”O resultedHISTORY in 21 George Franklin365 Grant, AFRIC pioneer- at the same Olympic Games, 1996. RensselaerN Polytechnic Institute, the largest U.S. Army dismissal,R ing dentist and inventor of the AN AMERICAN HISTORY was Oborn in Washington, 365 D.C., AFRICAN 167 African American AMERICAN soldiers,Y golf tee, patent HISTORY number 638,920, 2 James Arthur Baldwin, novelist, 1946. 1906. M died, 1910. playwright, poet, essayist, and M 365 civil AFRICANrights activist, was born in AMERICAN 6 President Lyndon B. Johnson HISTORY 14 Maria Halle 365 Berry, firstAFRICAN African O 22 The Haitian AMERICAN Revolution began Harlem, New York, 1924. Y signed into law the National Vot- American to win an Academy when slaves in Saint Domingue HISTORY 365 AFRICAN R ing Rights Act, AMERICAN guaranteeing Award HISTORY for Best Actress, was born 365 N (Haiti) AFRICAN rose in revolt and plunged AM 3 Frank Godden, instrumental in African Americans the right to in Cleveland, Ohio, 1966. the French colony into a 12-year E T

the growth of the Santa Clarita vote, 1965. war, 1791. H ERICAN Valley’s Val Verde, HISTORY known as V 365 AFRICAN15 AMERICAN Monroe Nathan Work, sociolo- HISTORY 365 AFR

“the Black Palm Springs,” died, E 7 Ralph Johnson Bunche, Nobel gist and bibliographer, and pub- 23 The National Negro Business ICAN 2012. AMERICAN PeaceHISTORY Prize winner, political 365 AFRICAN lisher of the Negro Year AMERICAN Book, League was founded HISTOR in Boston scientist and diplomat, was born was born in Iredell County, with Booker T. Washington as its Y4 365Barack Hussein AFRICAN Obama II, the AMERICAN in Detroit, Michigan, 1904. HISTORY North Carolina, 3651866. AFRICAN first president, 1900.AMERIC AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME RICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRI CAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC AN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA N AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY

365LADIES’ FIRSTSAFRICAN Althea Gibson won Wimbledon, theAMERICAN French and U.S. Open; Halle Tanner Dillion JohnsonHISTORY was the first womanof any race to practice365 medicine inAFRICAN Alabama; Claudette Colvin was arrested AMERICfor refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery, Ala. bus—nine months before Rosa Parks; Ruby Bridges integrated William Frantz Elementary School, New Orleans, 1960. Mae Jemison was the first Black woman is space. Images: Wikimedia Commons

AN24 Bayard HISTORY Rustin, civil rights leader 365 fameAFRICAN singer and the “King of Pop,”AMERICAN of Arts, was born in Norfolk,HISTORY American 365 to desegregate AFRIC a and the chief organizer of the was born in Gary, Indiana, 1958. Virginia, 1910. southern elementary school, AN 1963 AMERICAN March on Washington for HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN was born in HISTORYTylertown, Jobs and Freedom, died, 1987. 30 Guion Stewart Bluford Jr. be- 4 Lewis Howard Latimer, draftsman Mississippi, 1954. comes the first African American and hall of fame inventor, was 36525 Althea AFRICAN Gibson, first African AMERICAN to travel in space aboard HISTORY the born in Chelsea,365 Massachusetts, AFRICAN 9 Sonia Sanchez,AMERICAN poet and play- American to win Wimbledon, space shuttle Challenger, 1983. 1848. wright, was born in Birmingham, HISTORY the French and U.S. 365 Open tennis AFRICAN AMERICANBLACK HISTORY 365 Alabama, AFRICAN 1934. AM singles titles, was born in Silver, 31 Marva Collins, educator IS and 5 ClaudetteH Colvin,IS civil rights South Carolina, 1927. author, was bornH in Monroeville, pioneer, arrestedT for refusing to 10 Hoyt William Fuller, editor, critic ERICAN HISTORY Alabama,365 1936. TAFRICAN AMERICAN give up her bus seatO on March HISTORY 2, and leading figure 365 in the BlackAFR 26 19th Amendment to the Consti- N 1955, was born in Montgomery,R Arts Movement, was born in ICAN tution ratified, AMERICAN giving women the HISTORYO SEPTEMBER 365 AFRICANAlabama, 1939. AMERICANY Atlanta, Georgia, HISTOR 1923. right to vote, 1920. M 1 HalleM Tanner Dillion Johnson 6 Lee Roy Young, Jr. became the 11 James Charles Evers, first African Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICANO AMERIC 27 William Edward Burghardt Y becomes first woman of any race first African American Texas American elected mayor of a Du Bois, civil rights activist, to practice medicine in Alabama, Ranger in the police force’s 165- Mississippi city since Reconstruc- N AN historian HISTORY and author, died, 1963. 365 R 1891.AFRICAN AMERICAN year history, 1988. HISTORY tion, 365was born inAFRICA Decatur,

E T Mississippi, 1922. 28 March on Washington for Jobs 2 Joseph Hatchett, becomes first 7 Earl Manigault, street basketball H N andAMERICAN Freedom; Martin Luther HISTORYV African American Supreme365 Court AFRICAN player known as “The AMERICAN Goat,” was 12 Mae Carol JemisonHISTORY becomes first

King delivers his “I have a E justice in Florida, 1975. born in Charleston, South Caro- African American woman to 365 dream” AFRICAN speech, 1963. AMERICAN HISTORY lina, 1944. 365 AFRICAN travel in space,AMERICA 1992. 3 Dorothy Maynor, concert soprano N29 MichaelHISTORY Joseph Jackson, hall365 of AFRICAN and founder of the Harlem AMERICAN School 8 Ruby Bridges Hall, HISTORY first African 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN13 Nell Carter, singer,HISTORY film, stage 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY tions Among 365 Negroes (The AFRI and television actress, was born National Urban League) founded CAN Nell Ruth AMERICAN Hardy in Birmingham, HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN in New York City, HISTOR 1910. Alabama, 1948. 30 Charles Sylvan “Cholly” Atkins, Y14 365 , AFRICAN the founder of “Black AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN dancer and Tony AMERIC Award winning Freemasonry,” was born (approxi- choreographer, was born in Pratt AN mate HISTORY birth date), 1735. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY City, 365Alabama, 1913.AFRICA 15 The 16th Street Baptist Church OCTOBER N Birmingham,AMERICAN Alabama is bombed, HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 1963. 1 The 24th Infantry Regiment 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN (The Deuce Four),AMERIC the last all- 16 Frederick McKinley Jones be Black military unit, was deacti- came the first African American vated in Korea, 1951. AN awarded HISTORY the National Medal of365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRIC Technology, 1991. 2 Thurgood Marshall was sworn in AN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN as the first AfricanHISTORY American 17 Vanessa Williams becomes first Thurgood Marshall, official Supreme Court portrait, 1976; Nat King Cole hosted a variety show on NBC from 1956 Justice of the Supreme Court, 1967. to 1957, but the show was cancelled for lack of a sponsor. African American woman named 365 Miss AFRICAN America, 1983. AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN3 Nat King AMERICAN Cole becomes first of the Army, was born in New 25 William Craft, subject of Run- African American to host his HISTORY18 Booker T. Washington 365 delivered AFRICAN York City, 1933. AMERICANLA Cning…;K HISTORY or, the Escape of William 365 own AFRICAN television show, 1956. AM his “Atlanta Compromise” speech S B and Ellen H CraftI from Slavery, at the Cotton States and Interna- 22 The Interstate Commerce I Com- was born in Macon,ST Georgia, 1824. 4 Geoffrey S. Fletcher, first African ERICAN tional Expo in Atlanta,HISTORY GA, 1895. mission365 (ICC) TAFRICANH ordered an end to AMERICANO HISTORY American to receive 365 an Academy AFR segregationN on interstate trans 26 William Levi Dawson, professor,R Award for writing Precious… ICAN19 The first AMERICANInternational Congress portationHISTORYO and within transporta- 365 AFRICAN choir director, and composer, AMERICANY was was born in New HISTOR London, of Black Writers and Artists was tion facilities, 1961. born in Anniston, Alabama, 1899. M Connecticut, 1970. convened at the Sorbonne in M Y 365 Paris, France, AFRICAN 1956. 23AMERICAN Nancy Green, born a slave, one HISTORY 27 Donald Cortez Cornelius,365 televi- AFRICANO 5 Autherine Juanita AMERIC Lucy, the first Y of the first African Americans sion show host and producer African American student to AN20 Charles HISTORY Howard Wright, physi - 365 R hiredAFRICAN to promote a corporate AMERICAN (Soul Train), was bornHISTORY in N attend 365 the University AFRICA of Alabama, cian, author and museum founder, trademark (Aunt Jemima), died, Chicago, Illinois, 1936. was born in Shiloh, Ala., 1929. E T

was born in Dothan, Alabama, 1923. H N 1918.AMERICAN HISTORYV 365 AFRICAN28 The National Baptist AMERICAN Convention, 6 Fannie Lou TownsendHISTORY Hamer,

E 24 Executive Order 11246 was signed USA, Inc. was formed in Atlanta, voting rights activist and civil 36521 Clifford AFRICAN Leopold Alexander, Jr., AMERICAN by President Lyndon B. JohnsonHISTORY Georgia, 1895. 365 AFRICAN rights leader, AMERICA was born in lawyer, businessman and the requiring equal employment Sunflower County, Miss., 1917. N HISTORY first African American Secretary 365 AFRICAN opportunity, 1965. AMERICAN29 The Committee onHISTORY Urban Condi- 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY21 Valerie Thomas 365 received AFRI patent number 4,229,761 for her inven- CAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN tion of the Illusion HISTOR Transmitter, 1980.

Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN22 The Supremes AMERICbecome the first all-female music group to have AN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY an album 365 (The Supremes AFRICA A’ Go-Go) reach Billboard No. 1, 1966.

N AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN23 William A. Leidesdorff,HISTORY one of the first Black settlers in California, 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN often called the AMERICfirst Black million- aire, was born in St. Croix, Virgin Islands, 1810. MORE FIRSTS Toni Morrison: First Black woman to win Nobel Prize for literature (she’s got a Pulitzer, too); The Supremes’ A’ Go-Go becomes the first album by an all- ANfemale group HISTORY to reach #1 on the U.S. Billboard 200365, knocking the Beatles’AFRICAN Revolver out of the top spot; Benjamin AMERICAN O. Davis Jr., first African American general inHISTORY the U.S. Air 365 AFRIC Force. His father, Benjamin O. Davis Sr. was a general in the Army. Credits / Morrison: Michael Lionstar; Supremes: Motown; Davis: Defense Department. 24 Marjorie S. Joyner, inventor of AN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN the permanent HISTORY wave machine, 7 Toni Morrison became the first 12 Wilton Norman “Wilt” Chamber- 16 Million Man March held in patent number 1,693,515, was African American woman to win lain, only player in NBA history Washington, D.C., 1995. born in Monterey, Virginia, 1896. 365 the NobelAFRICAN Prize in Literature, 1993. AMERICAN to score 100 points in aHISTORY game 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN and average 50 points per game 17 Mae Carol Jemison, hall of fame 25 Emmett W. Chappelle, hall of HISTORY8 Jesse Louis Jackson, 365 Sr., clergy- AFRICAN in a season, died, AMERICAN 1999. LA C astronaut,K HISTORY physician and the first 365 fame AFRICAN scientist and researcher, AM man and civil rights leader, was IS B African H AmericanI woman in was born in Phoenix, Arizona, 1925. born Jesse Louis Burns in 13 Shirley Ann Caesar,H hall of fame space, was bornS Tin Decatur, Ala- ERICAN Greenville, South HISTORY Carolina, 1941. gospel365 singer TAFRICAN and songwriter AMERICAN bama, 1956. O HISTORY26 Regina Marcia 365Benjamin, AFRformer known Nas “First Lady of Gospel,” R Surgeon General of the United ICAN9 Eugene JacquesAMERICAN Bullard, the only wasHISTORY Oborn in Durham, North 365 Car- 18AFRICAN Terry McMillan, author, AMERICANwasY born States, was born HISTOR in Mobile, African American pilot in World olina, 1938. in Port Huron, Michigan, 1951. M Alabama, 1956. War I, was born in Columbus, M Y 365 Georgia, 1894.AFRICAN 14AMERICAN At age 35, Martin Luther King, HISTORYJr. 19 Richard Arrington, 365 Jr., the firstAFRICAN O 27 Benjamin O. Davis,AMERIC Jr. becomes Y becomes youngest man ever to African American Mayor of first African American general in AN10 Frederick HISTORY Douglass Patterson, 365 R winAFRICAN Nobel Peace Prize, 1964. AMERICAN Birmingham, Alabama, HISTORY was born N U.S. Air365 Force, 1954.AFRICA educator and founder of the E in Livingston, Alabama, 1934. T

United Negro College Fund, was 15 The Alabama Penny Savings 28 Leonard Randolph “Lenny” H N bornAMERICAN in Washington, D.C., 1901. HISTORYV Bank was founded in365 Birming- AFRICAN20 Fayard Antonio Nicholas, AMERICAN half of Wilkens, hall HISTORY of fame basketball

E ham—one of the first three Afri- the hall of fame Nicholas Broth- player and coach, was born in 36511 Granville AFRICAN T. Woods patents tele- AMERICAN can American owned and operat- HISTORY ers dance team,365 was born AFRICAN in Brooklyn, NewAMERICA York, 1937. phone system and apparatus, ed U.S. financial institutions, 1890. Mobile, Alabama, 1914. N HISTORY patent number 371,241., 1887.365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN29 Martha Minerva HISTORY Franklin, hall 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY expert, was born365 in Birmingham, AFRI of fame nurse and founder of Alabama, 1954. CAN the National AMERICAN Association of HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR Colored Graduate Nurses, was 15 Lydia Newman of New York City born in New Milford, CT, 1870. received patent number 614,335 Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN for a new and improvedAMERIC hair 30 Richard Arrington elected first brush, 1898. AN African HISTORY American mayor of 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA Birmingham, Alabama, 1979. 16 William Christopher “W.C.” Handy, hall of fame blues com- N31 EthelAMERICAN Waters, hall of fame gospel, HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN poser and musician,HISTORY was born in blues, jazz vocalist and actress, was Florence, Alabama, 1873. 365 born inAFRICAN Chester, Pennsylvania, 1896. AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC 17 Samuel L. Younge, Jr., first Afri-

NOVEMBER Left to right: Shirley Chisholm would run for president in 1972. Samuel Younge Jr. was murdered by a White gas can American college student to AN HISTORY 365station attendantAFRICAN in Tuskegee while trying to desegregate AMERICAN a Whites only restroom. Images: Wikipedia HISTORY die in the 365 Civil Rights AFRIC Movement, 1 John H. Johnson published the was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, AN first AMERICAN issue of Ebony Magazine, HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN 1944. HISTORY 1945. J. Rosamond Johnson compose patent number 1,831,331 for an Lift Every Voice and Sing, widely Apparatus for automatically 18 Harold Warren Moon, one of only 3652 President AFRICAN Ronald Reagan signed AMERICAN regarded as the Black nationalHISTORY recording 365 telephone AFRICAN messages, two people AMERICAN to be enshrined in the legislation creating a federal anthem, 1901. 1931. the Canadian and the Pro Foot- HISTORY Martin Luther King, 365 Jr. holiday, AFRICAN AMERICANAC HISTORY 365 ball AFRICAN Hall of Fame, was born AM in 1983. 7 Douglas Wilder becomesS theB firstL 11 GeorgeK H R. Carruthers awarded , California, 1956. African American toI be elected patent 3,478,216IST for his Image ERICAN3 John Baxter Taylor, HISTORY Jr., the first governor365 in T AFRICANtheH U.S., 1989. AMERICAN Converter for DetectingO Electro- HISTORY19 Annette Gordon-Reed, 365 first AFR Afri- African American to win an N magnetic Radiation, 1969.R can American to win the Pulitzer ICAN Olympic AMERICANGold medal, was born 8 CrystalHISTORYO B. Fauset, elected state365 AFRICAN AMERICANY Prize for History HISTOR (The Hemingses in Washington, D.C., 1883. representative in Pennsylvania, 12 The National Negro Opera M of Monticello….) born in becomingM the first African Amer- Company was founded in Pitts- Livingston, Texas, 1958. Y4 365 Barack Obama AFRICAN was elected the AMERICAN ican woman to serve in a state HISTORY burgh, Pennsylvania 365 by Mary AFRICAN O AMERIC first African American President Y legislature, 1938. Cardwell Dawson, 1941. 20 Dominique M. Dawes, member AN of theHISTORY United States, 2008. 365R AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORYN of the 365 first U.S. women’sAFRICA team to 9 Benjamin Banneker, mathemati- 13 Whoopi Goldberg, actress, win an Olympic Gold in gymnas- E T

5 Shirley Chisolm of Brooklyn, N.Y., cian, inventor, astronomer, sur- comedian and activist, was born tics, was born in Silver Spring, H N becomesAMERICAN the first African Amer- HISTORYV veyor and almanac author,365 was AFRICAN Caryn Elaine Johnson AMERICAN in New Maryland, 1976.HISTORY born in Ellicott’s Mills, Maryland, York City, 1955.

ican woman elected to Congress, E 1968. 1731. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY14 Condoleezza 365 Rice, professor, AFRICAN AMERICA N6 HISTORYJames Weldon Johnson and365 10AFRICAN Benjamin Thornton received AMERICAN diplomat and national HISTORY security 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN21 George Branham, HISTORY III, the first 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRI African American to win a Pro- CAN fessional AMERICAN Bowlers Association HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTOR title, was born in Detroit, Michi- Y 365 gan, 1962. AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC 22 William J. Powell, the first African AN American HISTORY to design, build and 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICA operate his own golf course, was N bornAMERICAN in Greenville, Alabama, 1916. HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 23 John L. Love, received patent 365 594,114 AFRICAN for a pencil sharpener AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC that used a crank to sharpen AN pencils, HISTORY 1897. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRIC 24 Oscar Palmer Robertson “The Left to right: One of the great writers of the 20th century, James Baldwin explored racial and social issues in his many works, especially the Black experience in America. Big O”, hall of fame basketball Although Jimi Hendrix’s mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music. AN AMERICAN HISTORYAfter P.B.S. Pinchback, there would not365 be another Black AFRICAN governor in the U.S. for 117 years. AMERICAN HISTORY player, was born in Charlotte, Images / Baldwin: Public domain; Hendrix: David Redfern; Pinchback: Library of Congress Tennessee, 1938. 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN Detroit, Michigan, died, HISTORY 1997. 4 The American 365 Anti-Slavery AFRICAN 9 Pinckney AMERICAN Benton Stewart 25 Percy Sledge, hall of fame R&B Society was founded to abolish Pinchback of Louisiana becomes HISTORY and soul performer, 365 was born AFRICAN in 30 James Arthur Baldwin,AMERICAN novelist,L A CslaveryK HISTORY in the U.S. under the 365 first AFRICAN African American governor AM Leighton, Alabama, 1940. playwright, poet, essayistS Band leadership H ofI William Lloyd in U.S., 1872. civil rights activist, Idied, 1987. Garrison, 1833.ST ERICAN26 Sojourner Truth, HISTORY abolitionist and 365 TAFRICANH AMERICANO HISTORY10 Ralph J. Bunche 365 becomes AFRfirst women’s rights activist, died, 1883. NDECEMBER 5 Montgomery, AlabamaR bus boy- African American awarded the ICAN AMERICAN HISTORYO 365 AFRICAN cott began, 1955. AMERICANY Nobel Peace Prize, HISTOR 1950. 27 James Marshall “Jimi” Hendrix, 1 Rosa Louise McCauley Parks M hall of fame guitarist, singer and refusedM to give up her seat on 6 The Thirteenth Amendment to 11 Henrietta Bradberry, received Y 365 songwriter, AFRICAN was born in Seattle, AMERICAN a Montgomery, Alabama city HISTORY the United States 365 Constitution AFRICAN O patent number AMERIC 2,390,688 for a Washington, 1942. Y bus, 1955. was adopted, 1865. waterproof pneumatically oper- AN HISTORY 365R AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORYN ated way365 to fire torpedoesAFRICA under 28 Berry Gordy, Jr., hall of fame 2 Odetta Holmes, singer, actress, 7 Comer Cottrell, businessman and water, 1945. E T

record producer and founder of songwriter, human rights activist, founder of Pro-Line cosmetics, H N MotownAMERICAN Records, was born in HISTORYV “The Voice of the Civil365 Rights AFRICAN was born in Mobile, Alabama,AMERICAN 1931. 12 George Franklin HISTORY Grant received

Detroit, Michigan, 1929. E Movement,” died, 2008. patent number 638,920 for his 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY8 Sammy Davis, 365 Jr., singer, AFRICAN dancer, invention ofAMERICA the golf tee, 1899. 29 Coleman Alexander Young, the 3 Frederick Douglass publishes film and stage actor, was born in N HISTORY first African American Mayor 365 of AFRICAN first issue of North Star , 1847.AMERICAN New York City, 1925. HISTORY 365 AFRICA AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HIS AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY365alafricanamerican.com TORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AME

RICAN13 Jamie Foxx, comedian,HISTORY actor and 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY of New Orleans, 365 1989. AFRI singer, was born Eric Marlon CAN Bishop AMERICANin Terrell, Texas, 1967. HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN25 Cabell “Cab” Calloway HISTOR III, hall of fame jazz singer and band- 14 Ernest Davis, hall of fame college leader, was born in Rochester, Y 365 football player AFRICAN and the first AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN New York, 1907. AMERIC African American to win the AN Heisman HISTORY Trophy, was born in365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY26 John 365A. “Jack” Johnson, AFRICA becomes New Salem, Pennsylvania, 1939. first African American World Heavyweight Boxing Champion N15 WilliamAMERICAN A. Hinton, first African HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN with a 14th roundHISTORY TKO of American on Harvard Medical Tommy Burns, 1908. 365 School AFRICAN faculty, developer of AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERIC Hinton test to detect syphilis, 27 Ruth Carol Taylor, nurse, journal- was born in Chicago, Illinois, 1883. ist and the first African American AN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY airline stewardess365 inAFRIC the United 16 Andrew Jackson Young, Jr., first States, was born in Boston, AN African AMERICAN American to be nominat- HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN Massachusetts, HISTORY 1931. ed as the Ambassador to the United Nations, 1976. 28 Oscar-winning actor Denzel 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICAN Washington, AMERICAN was born in Mount 17 Condoleezza Rice became the Vernon, New York, 1954. HISTORY first female to hold 365 the position AFRICAN AMERICANLACK HISTORY 365 AFRICAN AM of United States National S B HI 29 Thomas J. Bradley, the first Security Advisor, 2000. I ST African American Mayor of Los ERICAN HISTORY 365 TAFRICANH AMERICANO HISTORY Angeles, California, 365 was born AFR in 18 Raiford Chatman “Ossie” Davis, N R Calvert, Texas, 1917. ICAN actor, director, AMERICAN playwright and HISTORYO 365 AFRICAN AMERICANY HISTOR social activist, was born in Carter G. Woodson was also the founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History. M 30 Eldrick Tont “Tiger” Woods, one Cogdell, Georgia, 1917. He wasM one of the first scholars to study the history of the African diaspora, including African-American history. of the most successful golfers of Image: Library of Congress Y 365 AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 365 AFRICANO all time, was bornAMERIC in Cypress, 19 Carter Godwin Woodson, “father Y California, 1975. AN of BlackHISTORY history”, educator, histor- 365 21R JoshAFRICAN Gibson, hall of fame NegroAMERICAN 23 Madam C.J. Walker, HISTORY business- N 365 AFRICA ian, author and journalist, was League baseball player, was born woman and America’s first self- 31 Gabrielle “Gabby” Douglas, first E T

born in New Canton, Virginia, 1875. in Buena Vista, Georgia, 1911. made female millionaire, was African American gymnast to H N AMERICAN HISTORYV 365 AFRICAN born Sarah Breedlove AMERICAN in Delta, win the Olympic HISTORY individual

20 South Carolina becomes the first E 22 Jerry Pinkney, award winning Louisiana, 1867. all-around gold medal, born in 365 state AFRICANto secede from the Union, AMERICAN illustrator of children’s books,HISTORY 365 AFRICAN Virginia Beach,AMERICA Virginia, 1995. 1860. was born in Philadelphia, 24 Ernest Nathan “Dutch” Morial, N HISTORY 365 AFRICANPennsylvania, 1939. AMERICAN the first African AmericanHISTORY mayor 365 AFRICA