RotterdamRotterdam ClimateClimate Change,Change, CityCity ChangeChange
Rotterdam Watercity 2035
The Flood: threat of chance?
ChancesChances forfor aa betterbetter andand moremore attractiveattractive city-region?city-region? NicoNico TillieTillie Two main climate programmes
Adaptation: Rotterdam Climate Proof (RCP) Mitigation: Rotterdam Climate Initiativ (RCI)
Cityproblems/goals
Energyproblems/goals
Integrated vision/programme History with water Threat and urgency National safety first History and relation with the water
Rotterdam harbour and watercity North Sea Flood hills 100 ad.- 1100 ad
Dikebuilidng 1100. ad A continuous dynamic delta landscape Harbour of Rotterdam
Development of the Harbour in time Rotterdam and the water now Water is coming to Rotterdam
Rotterdam is threatened by water Precipitation
riv er d isch arge
Ri sin g se ale vel Groundwater Geographical situation
1. Rotterdam in Europe
North Sea
Amsterdam
Rotterdam
Rhine If we do nothing …..
Veluwe Amsterdam
Den Haag Rotterdam …. this could happen
Veluwe Amsterdam
Den Haag Rotterdam ..but for centuries our relation with the water is one of…….
• Safety • Quality and usage of the water • Attractive cities with water (Rotterdam, Delft, Dordrecht, Gouda, Amsterdam etc) dutch watercities Sea and safety
Dunes (natural and artificially induced) Dikes Technical solutions i.e. floodbarriers Risk used to be 1: 10.000 years, now riskmanagement Dubai, palmtree and the world Studies and preparations by dutch delta engineers
islands for safety, recreation, living, nature and New renewable energy landscapes Rivers and safety
Threat comes from the rivers National actions and policy
Former innersea, now freshwaterreserve
AMSTERDAM
floodbarrieres ROTTERDAM
Upstream waterretention and freshwaterreserves and one of Europe’s biggest wetland nature reserves City-regional adaptation actions in the built environment Vision Implementations Adaptation strategies in densily built environments of Rotterdam Cityregion Essence of strategy
How can we turn an enemy into a friend?
>
Or how can we use this for an attractive city? We could build a Chinese Wall dike?
‘When the winds of change are blowing some build dikes and other build windmills’ Chinese saying Other problems than water
problem: • Many people with low income and low education levels • Harbourcity in transition Strategic plan: ambitions as in every city!!!!
2 main goals for the city and region: - strong economy - attractive city with a good mixture of people “Strategic plan for Rotterdam 2030 , february 2007” This is going on
Werkend How: Attract these people again Working people left, and commute More ‘quality of life’, make the Uitkering city attractive Meaning: Student 1. More variation and quality in
Pensioen the housingmarket, different quarters and areas
Inactief 2. An attractive international center -5000 -2500 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 15000 3. Good connections with the Green: people who are leavingaantal personen Blue: people who are coming in surrounding landscapes Red: Saldo: Blue minusVertrekkers green Vestigers Saldo The Challenge: how to solve the water and the spatial economic social problem ?
21e century version of the Singelplan Rose from 1850’s? The Challenge
Singels more than 150 years later What did we do? Mastercase approach 1. Research; facts and figures on water 240.000 m3 Extra waterstorage for 2050 in city centre and “old city neigbourhoods” Use the water problems to help solving social, economic, spatial problems
In Rotterdam there is a need for: quality housing, good public space, good economy! 2. Future vision Rotterdam Watercity 2035
Singelcity and ‘sponge’
Rivercity
Canalcity
Watersolutions good housing + public space Rivercity
¾Rotterdam is a city at the river this is the main artery, this is the center for further urbanisation ¾high urban density; more houses and companies in and on the water next to the city center ¾public transport on water ¾morphology of the main dikes can change
Sphinxes by neutelings riedijk, Huizen Vaartenstad
•A connected network of waterbodies and canals for little boats •beautiful housing at the water •good recreational routes to the surrounding landscape •a new urban quality structure for difficult part of town
Singelstad ‘ Sponge’
¾More singels (type of canal with greenparks and housingalong) where possible ¾Innovations like the watersquares ¾ groen blue roofs and buildings acting like a sponge
Wonen langs boezems Droognatte pleinen en singels
De opgave 3. Implementation and innovations
waterliving watersquares green/water roofs sponge buildings Less peaks Green- and waterroofs Less risk of sewege spills Less airpollution Better cityclimat, heatisland effect Increase of biodiversity Decrease of energycosts More attractive spaces Closer look into watersquares
70% Of the needed storage capacity concentrates in 4 densily build areas in and around the city center It already exists The city as a collection of bath tubs, combined with excellent public space
water square as a central unit in the tub Different way of investing money typology 1: closed (non-connected) watersquares typology 2 :Open (connected) watersquares typology 3: Open Networks Watermap 1 Sewegesystems and potential watersquares Watermap 2 Elevations Watermap 3 flat and risk-areas Closed square near connected square at Open network in the flat sewage the base of the slope part Landje Landje
What ‘s in it for Rotterdam?
¾ Waterquality good, no overflows. ¾ enough storagecapacity for heavy rainfall enough seasonal storagecapacity ¾ Little fluctuations in groundlevel water ¾ Watersolutions for 365 days a year ¾ More houses in the city, ¾ Beter quality houses, ¾ New typology housingareas, ¾ realized the housingareas we were in need of What ‘s in it for Rotterdam?
¾Attractive city center, more houses and emploment near the river ¾ new public transport nodes where water and land transport meet ¾ recreationel connections ¾ a new recreational landscape with a authentic identity ¾ a new network for little boats ¾ reduction of heatisland effect ¾Etc………….. cityproblems Conclusions
waterproblems Integrated vision/programme
We can use the threat of water for strenghtening the main ambitions of Rotterdam: Water is a chance for a more attatractive city Do it together let it be a plan ‘from’ and ‘for’ them…. Mitigation: Rotterdam Climate Initiative Goal -50% CO2 emission in 2025-1990
Reinventing Rotterdam, the way we live, work, travel…
Regional coalistion: keyplayers are involved Developers,, Rotterdam city, port Housingcorporation authority, industries, Energyproducers Environmental organisation (permits) National government Low-hanging fruit…not a fairytale?
Tolkien, Lord of the rings
Hundertwasser
the examples are out there…! Teletubby house Many spatial developments….so many chances for implementation?
•Harbour city and maasvlakte 2 •Central Business district City Center and High speed train station •60.000 new dwellings •Areas and thousands of houses to improve •Sportcity area with new stadium Rotterdam Climate Initiative
Rotterdam city, port authority, industries, Environmental permit org. goal -50% CO2 emission in 2025 From technical solutions to a spatial strategy Sustainable Sust. Energizing Innovation Energy City Mobility City Lab Port
city -50% mobility -50% behaviour strenghten innovative harbour -50% economy •deals with •public •All public •innovationfund •Carbon captivity corporations transport, vehicles co2 storage •Knowledgeclus cycling free •Public lighting ter of new •Deals with •Renewable •All public techniques companies to filter •Compulsory energy buildings co2 use of district •Research •Biofuel free heating •Parkingfees connections •CO2 to greenhouses •Campagne with universities •Fiscal • vehicles and to implement •Quai electricity incentives ships •Incentives •Happy •Local laws •Environmental •3% per year shrimpfarm zoning freight: •banks city and …. To a futureharbour regional vision …from there, a tailormade plan for our specific situations! Translation from CO2 -goals to spatial and urban ‘rules’ of buildings up to the regional level,
.Systematic analysis of renewable (or clean) energy potentials in the area .from basic information and maps .via local potential maps and pilots .To Energievisions for developmentareas with other (market)parties involved
.to the map of proposed interventions Spatial C02- emmision/reduction potential Map
CO -sources and sinks Special locations . 2
on a neigbourhood level Industrial areas
CO -reduction potential . 2 per source and what is
realistic in the area Traffic buildings trees
Ps. Maps still to be produces Local opportunity maps water Geothermal Heat-cold storage abncpiiy storage Carbon captivity
Ps. Maps still to be produces This is starting-point for a new regional design
Maps of sun, wind, water, biomass, underground, projection Proposed interventions, based on energypotential and regional vision
Wind turbine park residences, holiday homes, Heat cascading spa, tropical paradise, seasonal industry industry feeds horticulture feeds City of heat residences Biomass boulevard bio-plant, bio-refinery, Tidal plant bio-ethanol factory and blue energy
Inundation plant
Blue energy plant
Natural reserves forestlands and wetlands for CO2 bonding Spatial strategy
Cityproblems/goals
Energyproblems/goals
Integrated vision/programme ClimateClimate Change,Change, CityCity ChangeChange let’slet’s changechange nownow
ThankThank youyou forfor youryour attentionattention [email protected]@dsv.rotterdam.nlRotterdam Watercity 2035
The Flood: threat of chance? Hoogte
Dijken, polders, veengebieden
De basis Poldersystem, like connected bathtubs pump the water one level higher up STEDENBOUWTECHNIEK academie van bouwkunst Rotterdam 2007
Peat
Buildings on poles Sand
De basis
A future regional vision… What does your ideal,CO2 neutral city look like in 2050? first step in the route is knowing where you want to go? • If you know this you cab anticipate, do pilots and make programmes concerning traffic, housing energy etc. •You can count back from 2050 and see what you have to do what programmes, agreements political actions, overcome local problems and use local opportunities •if you put this is a realistic timeline you have a goal and a route •a pilot project is part of this route Different routes for each city is the local factor
each city has different problems and different opportunities different routes to A many greenhouses, A: = your ideal a lot of warm/cold integrated, CO2 sun, and storage cooling neutral city water
neutrality of your city neutrality of your x 2 x a lot of y agricluture, biomass z and biogas % of CO
2008 2050 Roadmap to your ideal co2 neutral city (A)
• short term •start ‘paving the new road’ projects in the initiated actions for the route you have to programmes years earleir follow so.....initiate long term • first quick develop well programmes to reach the co wins. 2 neutral city (A) • design what • if you don’t start now you your ideal co A: = your ideal 2 follow route B neutral integrated, CO2 integrated city (A) looks like. neutral city • plan a route how to get there for your specific city neutrality of your city neutrality of your 2 B % of CO
2008 2050