RotterdamRotterdam ClimateClimate Change,Change, CityCity ChangeChange

Rotterdam Watercity 2035

The : threat of chance?

ChancesChances forfor aa betterbetter andand moremore attractiveattractive city-region?city-region? NicoNico TillieTillie Two main climate programmes

Adaptation: Rotterdam Climate Proof (RCP) Mitigation: Rotterdam Climate Initiativ (RCI)

Cityproblems/goals

Energyproblems/goals

Integrated vision/programme History with Threat and urgency National safety first History and relation with the water

Rotterdam harbour and watercity Flood hills 100 ad.- 1100 ad

Dikebuilidng 1100. ad A continuous dynamic delta landscape Harbour of Rotterdam

Development of the Harbour in time Rotterdam and the water now Water is coming to Rotterdam

Rotterdam is threatened by water

riv er d isch arge

Ri sin g se ale vel Groundwater Geographical situation

1. Rotterdam in

North Sea

Amsterdam

Rotterdam

Rhine If we do nothing …..

Veluwe

Den Haag Rotterdam …. this could happen

Veluwe Amsterdam

Den Haag Rotterdam ..but for centuries our relation with the water is one of…….

• Safety • Quality and usage of the water • Attractive cities with water (Rotterdam, , , Gouda, Amsterdam etc) dutch watercities Sea and safety

Dunes (natural and artificially induced) Dikes Technical solutions i.e. floodbarriers Risk used to be 1: 10.000 years, now riskmanagement Dubai, palmtree and the world Studies and preparations by dutch delta engineers

islands for safety, recreation, living, nature and New renewable energy landscapes Rivers and safety

Threat comes from the rivers National actions and policy

Former innersea, now freshwaterreserve

AMSTERDAM

floodbarrieres ROTTERDAM

Upstream waterretention and freshwaterreserves and one of Europe’s biggest wetland nature reserves City-regional adaptation actions in the built environment Vision Implementations Adaptation strategies in densily built environments of Rotterdam Cityregion Essence of strategy

How can we turn an enemy into a friend?

>

Or how can we use this for an attractive city? We could build a Chinese Wall dike?

‘When the winds of change are blowing some build dikes and other build windmills’ Chinese saying Other problems than water

problem: • Many people with low income and low education levels • Harbourcity in transition Strategic plan: ambitions as in every city!!!!

2 main goals for the city and region: - strong economy - attractive city with a good mixture of people “Strategic plan for Rotterdam 2030 , february 2007” This is going on

Werkend How: Attract these people again Working people left, and commute More ‘quality of life’, make the Uitkering city attractive Meaning: Student 1. More variation and quality in

Pensioen the housingmarket, different quarters and areas

Inactief 2. An attractive international center -5000 -2500 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 15000 3. Good connections with the Green: people who are leavingaantal personen Blue: people who are coming in surrounding landscapes Red: Saldo: Blue minusVertrekkers green Vestigers Saldo The Challenge: how to solve the water and the spatial economic social problem ?

21e century version of the Singelplan Rose from 1850’s? The Challenge

Singels more than 150 years later What did we do? Mastercase approach 1. Research; facts and figures on water 240.000 m3 Extra waterstorage for 2050 in and “old city neigbourhoods” Use the water problems to help solving social, economic, spatial problems

In Rotterdam there is a need for: quality housing, good public space, good economy! 2. Future vision Rotterdam Watercity 2035

Singelcity and ‘sponge’

Rivercity

Canalcity

Watersolutions good housing + public space Rivercity

¾Rotterdam is a city at the river this is the main artery, this is the center for further urbanisation ¾high urban density; more houses and companies in and on the water next to the city center ¾public transport on water ¾morphology of the main dikes can change

Sphinxes by neutelings riedijk, Huizen Vaartenstad

•A connected network of waterbodies and canals for little boats •beautiful housing at the water •good recreational routes to the surrounding landscape •a new urban quality structure for difficult part of

Singelstad ‘ Sponge’

¾More singels (type of canal with greenparks and housingalong) where possible ¾Innovations like the watersquares ¾ groen blue roofs and buildings acting like a sponge

Wonen langs boezems Droognatte pleinen en singels

De opgave 3. Implementation and innovations

waterliving watersquares green/water roofs sponge buildings Less peaks Green- and waterroofs Less risk of sewege spills Less airpollution Better cityclimat, heatisland effect Increase of biodiversity Decrease of energycosts More attractive spaces Closer look into watersquares

70% Of the needed storage capacity concentrates in 4 densily build areas in and around the city center It already exists The city as a collection of bath tubs, combined with excellent public space

water square as a central unit in the tub Different way of investing money typology 1: closed (non-connected) watersquares typology 2 :Open (connected) watersquares typology 3: Open Networks Watermap 1 Sewegesystems and potential watersquares Watermap 2 Elevations Watermap 3 flat and risk-areas Closed square near connected square at Open network in the flat sewage the base of the slope part Landje Landje

What ‘s in it for Rotterdam?

¾ Waterquality good, no overflows. ¾ enough storagecapacity for heavy rainfall enough seasonal storagecapacity ¾ Little fluctuations in groundlevel water ¾ Watersolutions for 365 days a year ¾ More houses in the city, ¾ Beter quality houses, ¾ New typology housingareas, ¾ realized the housingareas we were in need of What ‘s in it for Rotterdam?

¾Attractive city center, more houses and emploment near the river ¾ new public transport nodes where water and land transport meet ¾ recreationel connections ¾ a new recreational landscape with a authentic identity ¾ a new network for little boats ¾ reduction of heatisland effect ¾Etc………….. cityproblems Conclusions

waterproblems Integrated vision/programme

We can use the threat of water for strenghtening the main ambitions of Rotterdam: Water is a chance for a more attatractive city Do it together let it be a plan ‘from’ and ‘for’ them…. Mitigation: Rotterdam Climate Initiative Goal -50% CO2 emission in 2025-1990

Reinventing Rotterdam, the way we live, work, travel…

Regional coalistion: keyplayers are involved Developers,, Rotterdam city, Housingcorporation authority, industries, Energyproducers Environmental organisation (permits) National government Low-hanging fruit…not a fairytale?

Tolkien, Lord of the rings

Hundertwasser

the examples are out there…! Teletubby house Many spatial developments….so many chances for implementation?

•Harbour city and 2 •Central Business district City Center and High speed train station •60.000 new dwellings •Areas and thousands of houses to improve •Sportcity area with new stadium Rotterdam Climate Initiative

Rotterdam city, port authority, industries, Environmental permit org. goal -50% CO2 emission in 2025 From technical solutions to a spatial strategy Sustainable Sust. Energizing Innovation Energy City Mobility City Lab Port

city -50% mobility -50% behaviour strenghten innovative harbour -50% economy •deals with •public •All public •innovationfund •Carbon captivity corporations transport, vehicles co2 storage •Knowledgeclus cycling free •Public lighting ter of new •Deals with •Renewable •All public techniques companies to filter •Compulsory energy buildings co2 use of district •Research •Biofuel free heating •Parkingfees connections •CO2 to greenhouses •Campagne with universities •Fiscal • vehicles and to implement •Quai electricity incentives ships •Incentives •Happy •Local laws •Environmental •3% per year shrimpfarm zoning freight: •banks city and …. To a futureharbour regional vision …from there, a tailormade plan for our specific situations! Translation from CO2 -goals to spatial and urban ‘rules’ of buildings up to the regional level,

.Systematic analysis of renewable (or clean) energy potentials in the area .from basic information and maps .via local potential maps and pilots .To Energievisions for developmentareas with other (market)parties involved

.to the map of proposed interventions Spatial C02- emmision/reduction potential Map

CO -sources and sinks Special locations . 2

on a neigbourhood level Industrial areas

CO -reduction potential . 2 per source and what is

realistic in the area Traffic buildings trees

Ps. Maps still to be produces Local opportunity maps water Geothermal Heat-cold storage abncpiiy storage Carbon captivity

Ps. Maps still to be produces This is starting-point for a new regional design

Maps of sun, wind, water, biomass, underground, projection Proposed interventions, based on energypotential and regional vision

Wind turbine park residences, holiday homes, Heat cascading spa, tropical paradise, seasonal industry industry feeds horticulture feeds City of heat residences Biomass boulevard bio-plant, bio-refinery, Tidal plant bio-ethanol factory and blue energy

Inundation plant

Blue energy plant

Natural reserves forestlands and wetlands for CO2 bonding Spatial strategy

Cityproblems/goals

Energyproblems/goals

Integrated vision/programme ClimateClimate Change,Change, CityCity ChangeChange let’slet’s changechange nownow

ThankThank youyou forfor youryour attentionattention [email protected]@dsv.rotterdam.nlRotterdam Watercity 2035

The Flood: threat of chance? Hoogte

Dijken, , veengebieden

De basis Poldersystem, like connected bathtubs pump the water one level higher up STEDENBOUWTECHNIEK academie van bouwkunst Rotterdam 2007

Peat

Buildings on poles Sand

De basis

A future regional vision… What does your ideal,CO2 neutral city look like in 2050? first step in the route is knowing where you want to go? • If you know this you cab anticipate, do pilots and make programmes concerning traffic, housing energy etc. •You can count back from 2050 and see what you have to do what programmes, agreements political actions, overcome local problems and use local opportunities •if you put this is a realistic timeline you have a goal and a route •a pilot project is part of this route Different routes for each city is the local factor

each city has different problems and different opportunities different routes to A many greenhouses, A: = your ideal a lot of warm/cold integrated, CO2 sun, and storage cooling neutral city water

neutrality of your city neutrality of your x 2 x a lot of y agricluture, biomass z and biogas % of CO

2008 2050 Roadmap to your ideal co2 neutral city (A)

• short term •start ‘paving the new road’ projects in the initiated actions for the route you have to programmes years earleir follow so.....initiate long term • first quick develop well programmes to reach the co wins. 2 neutral city (A) • design what • if you don’t start now you your ideal co A: = your ideal 2 follow route B neutral integrated, CO2 integrated city (A) looks like. neutral city • plan a route how to get there for your specific city neutrality of your city neutrality of your 2 B % of CO

2008 2050