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Home , Addax, Alcelaphinae, Antelope, Antilocapridae, Antilopinae, Arabian gazelle

Press Release - 06 February 2009 -

One fourth of are threatened with in the world

MAIN OUTCOME OF THE RED LIST UPDATE

The of species monitored by the Antelope Specialist Group (ASG/SSC/IUCN) has recently been updated as part of the 2008 Global Assessment. The ASG monitors 97 species of which 91 are .

ANTELOPES

• Out of the 91 species of antelopes existing in the world, 25 species are threatened with extinction.

• Antelope species population trends (Figure 1):

o The (Antidorcas marsupialis) is the only antelope species with a long-term increasing trend; o Populations are stable in 31% of the antelope species; o Populations are decreasing in 62 % of the antelope species.

• Species Conservation Status (Figure 2):

o Nearly 70% of the antelope species are classified as ‘Near Threatened’ or ‘Least Concern’, i.e. they are not threatened with extinction; o 9 species of antelopes are classified as ‘Vulnerable’; o 9 species of antelopes are classified as ‘Endangered’; o 5 species of antelopes are classified as ‘’: ƒ (Addax nasomaculatus); ƒ (Beatragus hunteri); ƒ Ader’s ( adersi); ƒ ( dama); ƒ Saiga (Saiga tatarica). o The Scimitar horned (Oryx dammah) is already extinct in .

• Sub-species Conservation Status:

The global situation is worse when considering the 49 sub-species of antelopes which have been assessed; within species of antelopes which have been classified as not threatened with extinction (‘Near threatened’ or ‘Least Concern’):

o 10 sub-species are classified as ‘Vulnerable’; o 5 sub-species are classified as ‘Endangered’; o 5 sub-species are classified as ‘Critically Endangered’: ƒ Tora (Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. tora); ƒ Giant ( ssp. variani); ƒ Upemba ( leche ssp. anselli); ƒ Western ( derbianus ssp. derbianus); ƒ Mountain (Tragelaphus eurycerus ssp. isaaci).

NON-ANTELOPES

Only the (Pantholops hodgsonii) is threatened with extinction (‘Endangered’) out the 6 non-antelope species monitored by the ASG; within the non-, only the west African sub-species (Giraffa camelopardalis ssp. peralta) is classified as ‘Endangered’.

A complete taxonomic list is available in the Antelope Database.

Population trends of Antelopes (N=87*)

5.7% 1.1%

31.0% Decreasing Stable Increasing Unknown

62.1%

* Extinct species excluded ASG/SSC/IUCN - December 2008 Figure 1: Population trends of Antelope species

Conservation Status of Antelopes (N=91)

3.3% 1.1% 5.5%

9.9%

Extinct Critically Endangered Endangered 9.9% Vulnerable Near Threatened 58.2% Least Concern 8.8%

3.3%

ASG/SSC/IUCN - December 2008 Figure 2: Conservation Status of Antelope species

SPECIES HIGHLIGHTS

• Springbok Antidorcas marsupialis LC

An antelope species on the increase

Status justification: Listed as Least Concern as the species is widespread and one of the most abundant antelopes of the southern African region. There are no major threats to its long-term survival and the conservation status of the Springbok is unlikely to change as long as effective management is continued for the populations on private land and in protected areas.

Conservation actions: Springbok are well represented in protected areas throughout their range, ©Pascal Mésochina including and -Naukluft Park (), Makgadikgadi- National Park (), the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park between Botswana and South , and Vaalbos and National Parks and a number of provincial reserves in . Springbok also are well present in private lands, where they are actively managed. In 1999, it has been estimated that about 60% of the total population occurred on private land and 12% in protected areas.

Springbok are amongst the most valued species in the expanding ranching industry in due to the excellent quality of their venison.

• Scimitar-horned oryx Oryx dammah EW

This adapted species has disappeared from the wild

Status justification: There has been no definite evidence of the survival of this species in the wild for more than 15 . Sporadic reports of sighted in Niger and have never been substantiated, despite extensive surveys dedicated to detection of Sahelo-Saharan antelopes carried out in Chad and Niger in 2001-2004.

Conservation actions: The Scimitar-horned Oryx is listed on CMS Appendix 1. A global programme was initiated in the 1960s. In 2005 there ©Fondation IGF/Guillaume Roques-Rogery were at least 1,550 captive animals held in managed breeding programmes around the world. In addition, a large number, probably >4,000 are kept in a private collection in the . Additional animals are likely held on private game ranches in the USA. As part of planned reintroduction projects, animals have been released into fenced protected areas in (Bou Hedma National Park 1985, Sidi Toui National Park 1999, Oued Dekouk National Park 1999), (Souss-Massa National Park 1995), and (Ferlo Faunal Reserve 1998, Guembuel Wildlife Reserve 1999). Reintroduction is currently also planned at a site in Niger.

• Addax Addax nasomaculatus CR

The Saharan bovid species at highest risk of extinction in the near future

Status justification: Listed as Critically Endangered as the species is believed to have undergone a decline well exceeding 80% over the past three generations (21 years). The total population is estimated at less than 300 individuals across the range, with the majority of the population in the Termit/Tin Toumma region of Niger. The population continues to decline due to ongoing threats of and loss.

Conservation actions: Listed on CMS Appendix I, and included in the CMS Sahelo-Saharan Antelopes Action Plan. It is protected under national legislation in ©Fondation IGF/Philippe Chardonnet Morocco, Tunisia, and ; in and hunting of all is forbidden by law.

Although massive reserves, such as the Ahaggar and Tasilli in Algeria, the Aïr/Ténéré in Niger, the Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim in Chad, and the newly established Howar N.P. in cover areas where Addax previously occurred, some are under-resourced and all no longer harbour Addax. Continued support for gazetted reserves in Chad and Niger, together with the establishment of new protected areas, especially along the / frontier (Majabat), Niger (Termit/Tin Toumma) and Chad (Bodélé, Egueï), is essential, but must be supported and combined with programmes to create incentives for the local people to protect wildlife wherever it is found.

Addax have been reintroduced to fenced sectors of protected areas in Tunisia (Bou Hedma NP) and Morocco (Souss-Massa: 70 animals released 1994-97, increased to c. 550 by 2007). The first reintroduction in the wild is underway in Jebil National Park, Tunisia, in the Great Eastern Erg and another is planned in southern Morocco.

There are over 600 Addax in , Libya (Sabratha), Egypt (Giza ), , Japan and in managed breeding programmes, and at least 1,000 more individuals are held in private collections and ranches in the and the .

• Hirola Beatragus hunteri CR

One of the most highly threatened antelopes in Africa

Status justification: Given a conservative estimate of generation time at nine years, the 85 to 90% decline (and continuing) since 1980 has occurred over three generations and meets the threshold for Critically Endangered under criterion A2, and on the basis of direct observation, decline in area of occupancy and habitat quality and levels of exploitation.

Conservation actions: This is one of the most highly threatened antelopes in Africa. Recommendations for the long-term conservation of the Hirola in have been included in a conservation action plan and a ©Tim Wacher conservation evaluation report. These recommendations are now part of the current conservation and management plan for the Hirola in Kenya and are being acted upon by the Kenya Wildlife Service, in conjunction with the Hirola Management Committee and local conservation NGOs. There is an urgent need to improve the level of management and protection of the one natural population of Hirola, particularly in the Arawale National Reserve and in the Galma Galla/Kolbio region of Kenya. Community conservation and anti- activities must be established over a large portion of the remaining range, but insecurity for conservation workers is an extremely serious problem in this region. Consideration should be given to establishing protected areas at Galma Galla and Lag Dere, and to expanding the Tana National Reserve to the east to include at least 300 km² of prime habitat for Hirola. There are only two Hirola in captivity.

• Ader’s duiker Cephalophus adersi CR

The most highly threatened duiker in the world

Status justification: Listed as Critically Endangered as there has been an observed decline on from 5,000 individuals (1983), to 2,000 (1996) to 640 (1999). There are no recent population estimates, but on the basis that the known reasons for the decline are still occurring (i.e., a continued decline in the area and quality of habitat due to illegal wood-cutting, and the continuation of illegal hunting), it is suspected that the population will continue to decline at a similar rate.

©Tom Struhsaker Conservation actions: In Zanzibar, the revised version of the Aders’ Duiker Species Recovery Plan (SRP) constitutes a framework for conservation of the species. In Kenya, a conservation and recovery plan has been proposed in 2002.

Aders’ Duiker has been protected under Zanzibar law since 1919, while in Kenya Aders’ Duiker is a protected species.

In Zanzibar, the newly designated Jozani-Chakwa Bay National Park has secured part of the Aders’ Duiker range within a strictly . Another important subpopulation in Kiwengwa is now protected as a . In Kenya, the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest is designated as a National Park, part of which is a strict nature reserve. Further survey work is needed to determine whether a viable population persists in the Dodori National F.R.

Intensive fieldwork undertaken in the Arabuko-Sokoke Forest by the Kenya Wildlife Service has involved population surveys for Aders’ Duiker and other species as well as monitoring illegal activities. In 2003, fieldwork also involved the removal of snares from Aders’ Duiker habitat.

In Zanzibar a community wildlife management programme commenced in 1995 in an effort to reduce antelope hunting to a more sustainable level. Village Hunter Associations have been set up to manage local wildlife. This will be continued and expanded. Community Forest Management Agreements are in place for the eight villages surrounding Jozani Forest, and the programme has been extended to cover most of southern Unguja. Part of these agreements involves the designation of high protection zones that allow extremely limited use of forest products. All five major subpopulations are covered by some form of community protection.

Conservation education programmes have had some success in increasing awareness in rural areas in both Kenya and Zanzibar. However, in Zanzibar a lot of work is still required in urban areas, the main market for firewood.

An investigation into the feasibility and efficacy of a captive breeding programme on Zanzibar was undertaken in December 2001. An in-country captive-breeding programme has also been proposed for Kenya.

Trophy hunting has also been suggested in Zanzibar as a conservation tool. However, for such a , the likely success of this programme must be investigated thoroughly.

The status of Aders’ Duiker needs to be monitored closely so the efficacy of the recovery plans can be judged and, if necessary, altered. A simple research programme to understand more about the behavioural and population ecology of Aders’ Duiker is necessary.

• Nanger dama CR

The Dama Gazelle is following the same trail into extinction in the wild as the Scimitar-horned Oryx

Status justification: The sustained decline due to uncontrolled hunting and habitat loss has continued and is now estimated to have exceeded 80% over 10 years. Extensive field surveys have been made since 2001, but all subpopulations encountered are very small, with all at risk from unmanaged large-scale hunting, and the total population certainly numbers well less than 500 individuals. Decline is expected to continue based on ongoing hunting and unpredictable arrival of large hunting parties with high destructive potential from the Gulf states. ©Olivier Born ©SCF/Thomas Rabeil Conservation actions: Listed on CMS Appendix I, and included in the CMS Sahelo-Saharan Antelopes Action Plan.

The Réserve partielle de faune du Bahr-el- (Chad), west of the present Ouadi Rimé Ouadi Achim N.R., and the Aïr-Ténéré N.P., harbour the remaining viable Dama Gazelle populations. Both reserves have suffered from military unrest resulting in the collapse of conservation infrastructure.

Dama Gazelle are present in captivity, but the number of founders is limited. Animals from Almeria breeding facility in were introduced to an enclosure (R’mila Royal Reserve) in Morocco (130 present in 2007) and gazelles from München Zoo (originally bred at Almeria) were released into an enclosure in Souss-Massa N.P. (12 animals in 2006); these semi-captives are intended to form part of a reintroduction programme in Morocco. All of the animals from Almeria stock originate from Western . Elsewhere, Dama Gazelle were released into the 2,000-ha Bou-Hedma N.P. in Tunisia in the early 1990s where around 17 were present in 2006; gazelles have also been reintroduced to Guembeul Faunal Reserve in Senegal and a reintroduction programme in Ferlo North Reserve is underway (7 animals).

• Saiga Saiga tatarica CR

The most highly threatened antelope in

Status justification: The population has shown an observed decline of over 80% over the last 10 years and the decline is continuing. Severely skewed sex ratios are leading to reproductive collapse.

Conservation actions: Legislation protecting Saiga exists at national level, but increased enforcement, and especially external funding for anti-poaching measures and linked rural development are urgently needed. Some protected areas exist within Saiga ©Igor Shpilenok range but distance between summer/winter ranges of the various populations hinders full protected area coverage. Extension of already existing and new protected areas is under discussion by the Russian Federation government. Some research is being carried out on numbers, range and behaviour. Total prohibition of saiga and trade as well as temporary removal of saiga from the hunting animals list have been proposed as key conservation measures.

The Mongolian Saiga has been legally protected since 1930. Two protected areas, Sharga NR (286,900 ha) and Mankhan NR (30,000 ha), were designated in 1993 to protect most of the remaining areas of occurrence.

Prepared by Pascal Mésochina, Philippe Chardonnet & David Mallon Acknowledgement: International Foundation for Wildlife Management (IGF Foundation) Antelope Database – Species level: Most threatened species

Species name Common name Status Criteria Population trend Gazella Gazella bilkis Queen of Sheba's gazelle Extinct N/A Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella saudiya Extinct N/A Bovidae Hippotraginae Hippotragus Hippotragus leucophaeus Extinct N/A Bovidae Hippotraginae Oryx Oryx dammah Scimitar-horned oryx Extinct in the wild N/A Bovidae Hippotraginae Addax Addax nasomaculatus Addax Critically endangered A2cd; C1+2a(ii) Decreasing Bovidae Beatragus Beatragus hunteri Hirola Critically endangered A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus adersi Ader's duiker Critically endangered A4cd Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Nanger Nanger dama Dama gazelle Critically endangered A2cd; C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Saiga Saiga tatarica Saiga Critically endangered A2acd Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus jentinki Jentink's duiker Endangered C1 Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus spadix Abbott's duiker Endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella cuvieri Cuvier's gazelle Endangered C2a(i) Unknown Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella leptoceros Slender-horned gazelle Endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella spekei Speke's gazelle Endangered A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Kobus Kobus megaceros lechwe Endangered A2a Decreasing Bovidae Hippotraginae Oryx Oryx leucoryx Endangered D Decreasing Bovidae Pantholops Pantholops hodgsonii Chiru/Tibetan antelope* Endangered A2d Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Procapra przewalskii Przewalski's gazelle Endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus buxtoni Mountain Endangered C1 Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Ammodorcas Ammodorcas clarkei Vulnerable A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus Vulnerable A2cd; C1 Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Dorcatragus Dorcatragus megalotis Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Eudorcas rufifrons Red-fronted gazelle Vulnerable A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella dorcas Vulnerable A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella gazella Vulnerable A2ad Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella subgutturosa Vulnerable A2ad Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Nanger Nanger soemmerringii Soemmerring's gazelle Vulnerable A2cd; C1 Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tetracerus Tetracerus quadricornis Four-horned antelope Vulnerable C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Antilope Antilope cervicapra Near threatened Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Eudorcas Eudorcas thomsonii Thomson's gazelle Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus vardonii Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Litocranius Litocranius walleri Near threatened Decreasing Palaeotraginae Okapia Okapia johnstoni * Near threatened Stable Bovidae Hippotraginae Oryx Oryx beisa Beisa/fringe-eared oryx Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Procapra Procapra picticaudata Tibetan gazelle Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus eurycerus Bongo Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus imberbis Lesser Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Eudorcas Eudorcas rufina Red gazelle Data deficient Unknown Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella arabica Data deficient Unknown Bovidae Antilopinae Madoqua Madoqua piacentinii Silver dik-dik Data deficient Decreasing

* Non antelope species monitored by the ASG

Antelope Database – Species level: Species not threatened

Species Family Subfamily Genus Latin name Common name Status Criteria Population trend Bovidae Aepycerotinae Aepyceros Aepyceros melampus Least concern Stable Bovidae Alcelaphinae Alcelaphus Alcelaphus buselaphus Hartebeest Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Antidorcas Antidorcas marsupialis Springbok Least concern Increasing Antilocaprinae Antilocapra Antilocapra americana * Least concern Stable Bovidae Bovinae Boselaphus Boselaphus tragocamelus Least concern Stable Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus callipygus Peters' duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus dorsalis Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus harveyi Harvey's duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus leucogaster White-bellied duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus natalensis Red duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus niger Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus nigrifrons Black-fronted duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus ogilbyi Ogilby's duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus rufilatus Red-flanked duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus silvicultor Yellow-backed duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus weynsi Weyns' duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Alcelaphinae Connochaetes Connochaetes gnou Black Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Alcelaphinae Connochaetes Connochaetes taurinus Common wildebeest Least concern Stable Bovidae Alcelaphinae Damaliscus lunatus Tsessebe Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Alcelaphinae Damaliscus Damaliscus pygargus / Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Eudorcas Eudorcas albonotata Least concern Unknown Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella bennettii Least concern Stable Giraffidae Giraffinae Giraffa Giraffa camelopardalis Giraffe* Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Hippotraginae Hippotragus Hippotragus equinus Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Hippotraginae Hippotragus Hippotragus niger Sable antelope Least concern Stable Tragiludae Tragilunae Hyemoschus Hyemoschus aquaticus Water * Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus ellipsiprymnus Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus Kob Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus leche Lechwe Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Madoqua Madoqua guentheri Guenther's dik-dik Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Madoqua Madoqua kirkii Kirk's dik-dik Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Madoqua Madoqua saltiana Salt's dik-dik Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Nanger Nanger granti Grant's gazelle Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Neotragus batesi Bates' Pygmy antelope Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Neotragus Neotragus pygmaeus Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Nesotragus moschatus Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Oreotragus Oreotragus oreotragus Least concern Stable Bovidae Hippotraginae Oryx Oryx gazella Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Ourebia Ourebia ourebi Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Pelea Pelea Least concern Stable Bovidae Cephalophinae Philantomba maxwellii Maxwell's duiker Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Philantomba Philantomba monticola Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Procapra Procapra gutturosa Least concern Unknown Bovidae Antilopinae Raphicerus campestris Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Raphicerus Raphicerus melanotis Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Raphicerus Raphicerus sharpei Sharpe's grysbok Least concern Stable Bovidae Reduncinae Redunca Redunca arundinum Southern Least concern Stable Bovidae Reduncinae Redunca Redunca fulvorufula Least concern Stable Bovidae Reduncinae Redunca Redunca redunca Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Sylvicapra Sylvicapra grimmia Least concern Stable Bovidae Bovinae Syncerus Syncerus caffer * Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus angasii Nyala Least concern Stable Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus derbianus Giant eland Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus oryx Least concern Stable Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus scriptus Bushbuck Least concern Stable Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus spekei Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus strepsiceros Least concern Stable

* Non antelope species monitored by the ASG

Antelope Database – Sub-species level Species Sub-species Family Subfamily Genus Latin name Common name Status Criteria Population trend Latin name Common name Status Criteria Population trend A2acd Decreasing Saiga tatarica ssp. tatarica Saiga Critically endangered A2acd Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Saiga Saiga tatarica Saiga Critically endangered A2ad; C1+2a(ii) Decreasing Saiga tatarica ssp. mongolica Mongolian saiga Endangered A2ad; C1+2a(ii) Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Eudorcas Eudorcas rufifrons Red-fronted gazelle Vulnerable A2cd Decreasing Eudorcas rufifrons ssp. tilonura Heuglin's gazelle Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Bovidae Antilopinae Gazella Gazella subgutturosa Goitered gazelle Vulnerable A2ad Decreasing Gazella subgutturosa ssp. marica Vulnerable C2a(i) Decreasing Oryx beisa ssp. callotis Fringe-eared oryx Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Bovidae Hippotraginae Oryx Oryx beisa Beisa/fringe-eared oryx Near threatened Decreasing Oryx beisa ssp. beisa Beisa oryx Near threatened Decreasing Tragelaphus eurycerus ssp. isaaci Mountain bongo Critically endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus eurycerus Bongo Near threatened Decreasing Tragelaphus eurycerus ssp. eurycerus Lowland bongo Near threatened Decreasing Aepyceros melampus ssp. petersi Black-faced impala Vulnerable D1 Stable Bovidae Aepycerotinae Aepyceros Aepyceros melampus Impala Least concern Stable Aepyceros melampus ssp. melampus Common impala Least concern Stable Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. buselaphus Extinct Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. tora Critically endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. swaynei Swayne's hartebeest Endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. lelwel Endangered A2acd Decreasing Bovidae Alcelaphinae Alcelaphus Alcelaphus buselaphus Hartebeest Least concern Decreasing Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. major Near threatened Decreasing Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. lichtensteinii Lichtenstein's hartebeest Least concern Stable Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. Cokii Coke's hartebeest Least concern Decreasing Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. caama Least concern Increasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus nigrifrons Black-fronted duiker Least concern Decreasing Cephalophus nigrifrons ssp. rubidus Ruwenzori black-fronted duiker Endangered B1ab(iii); C2a(ii) Decreasing Cephalophus ogilbyi ssp. brookei Brooke's duiker Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Bovidae Cephalophinae Cephalophus Cephalophus ogilbyi Ogilby's duiker Least concern Decreasing Cephalophus ogilbyi ssp. ogilbyi Ogilby's duiker Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Cephalophus ogilbyi ssp. crusalbum White-legged duiker Least concern Stable Damaliscus lunatus ssp. Korrigum Vulnerable C1+2a(i) Decreasing Damaliscus lunatus ssp. Coastal topi Near threatened Decreasing Damaliscus lunatus ssp. jimela Topi Least concern Decreasing Bovidae Alcelaphinae Damaliscus Damaliscus lunatus Tsessebe Least concern Decreasing Damaliscus lunatus ssp. lunatus Tsessebe Least concern Increasing Damaliscus lunatus ssp. superstes Bangweulu tsessebe Least concern Increasing Damaliscus lunatus ssp. Tiang Least concern Stable Damaliscus pygargus ssp. pygargus Bontebok Near threatened Stable Bovidae Alcelaphinae Damaliscus Damaliscus pygargus Blesbok/bontebok Least concern Stable Damaliscus pygargus ssp. phillipsi Blesbok Least concern Stable Giraffidae Giraffinae Giraffa Giraffa camelopardalis Giraffe* Least concern Decreasing Giraffa camelopardalis ssp. peralta West African giraffe Endangered D Increasing Bovidae Hippotraginae Hippotragus Hippotragus niger Sable antelope Least concern Stable Hippotragus niger ssp. variani Critically endangered A2cd; C2a(i) Decreasing Kobus ellipsiprymnus ssp. defassa Defassa waterbuck Near threatened Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus ellipsiprymnus Waterbuck Least concern Decreasing Kobus ellipsiprymnus ssp. ellipsiprymnus Common waterbuck Least concern Decreasing Kobus kob ssp. kob Buffon's kob Vulnerable A2acd Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus kob Kob Least concern Decreasing Kobus kob ssp. leucotis White-eared kob Least concern Unknown Kobus kob ssp. thomasi kob Least concern Stable Kobus leche ssp. robertsi Robert's lechwe Extinct Kobus leche ssp. anselli Upemba lechwe Critically endangered A2cd Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Kobus Kobus leche Lechwe Least concern Stable Kobus leche ssp. kafuensis Vulnerable D2 Stable Kobus leche ssp. smithemani Black lechwe Vulnerable D2 Stable Kobus leche ssp. leche Red lechwe Least concern Stable Bovidae Antilopinae Oreotragus Oreotragus oreotragus Klipspringer Least concern Stable Oreotragus oreotragus ssp. porteousi Western klipspringer Endangered C2a(i) Decreasing Ourebia ourebi ssp. kenyae Kenya oribi Extinct Bovidae Antilopinae Ourebia Ourebia ourebi Oribi Least concern Decreasing Ourebia ourebi ssp. haggardi Haggard's oribi Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Redunca fulvorufula ssp. adamauae Western mountain reedbuck Endangered C2a(i); D Decreasing Bovidae Reduncinae Redunca Redunca fulvorufula Mountain reedbuck Least concern Stable Redunca fulvorufula ssp. chanleri Chanler's mountain reedbuck Vulnerable C1 Decreasing Redunca fulvorufula ssp. fulvorufula Southern mountain reedbuck Least concern Stable Tragelaphus derbianus ssp. derbianus Western giant eland Critically endangered C2a(ii) Decreasing Bovidae Bovinae Tragelaphus Tragelaphus derbianus Giant eland Least concern Decreasing Tragelaphus derbianus ssp. gigas Eastern giant eland Least concern Decreasing

* Non antelope species monitored by the ASG