Performance Evaluation of Mixed Sctp and Tcp Traffic Over Last Hop Wifi
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PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MIXED SCTP AND TCP TRAFFIC OVER LAST HOP WIFI by Qamar Naith Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 2009 A thesis presented to Ryerson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Program of Computer Science Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2014 c Qamar Naith 2014 AUTHOR'S DECLARATION FOR ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION OF A THESIS I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I authorize Ryerson University to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize Ryerson University to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I understand that my dissertation may be made electronically available to the public. ii PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MIXED SCTP AND TCP TRAFFIC OVER LAST HOP WIFI Master of Science 2014 Qamar Naith Computer Science Ryerson University Abstract The use of the internet has increased significantly with the continued increase in wireless commu- nication devices. Recently, there is a large number of research contribution focused on Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). Multi-homing is an important feature of SCTP which improves the com- munication performance by usage of multiple paths during association establishment, and it can bring significant improvements of throughput. In this thesis we evaluate the performance of SCTP and TCP traffic in the WLANs and we inves- tigate the SCTP multi-homing to improve the communication performance in WLANs. We conducted some experiments to evaluate the performance of SCTP multi-homed host under various channel bit rates and mobility speeds. The results indicate that when the intensity of background traffic increases the SCTP multi-homed host with higher channel bit rate has better performance. In addition, the SCTP multi-homed host with using lower mobility speed has higher performance (throughput, delay and packet loss). iii Acknowledgements During our life time some of us are profoundly blessed with a transcendent professor who en- kindles a student to search within and chance upon their brilliance. Dr. Jelena Misic is the epitome of an extraordinary professor that some students happen upon once in their lifetime if lucky. I would like to take a moment to thank this wonderful person with whom I happened to be blessed with as a su- pervisor. Dr. Misic enabled me to learn how to become more self-reliant and discover my own self-efficacy. Dr. Jelena Misic benevolently agreed to take me under her wing; supervise my work and help me work towards accomplishing my thesis. Her knowledge has helped me combine what I learned in my undergraduate degree and current Masters work to provide me with a brilliant foundation to pursue my dreams of obtaining my PhD. Working with the brilliant and ever patient Dr. Misic I have honed in my intellectual development and my educational experience has been beyond my wildest expectations. Dr. Misic, thank you for being there for me, and being a beautiful human being. You will forever be part of my successes in life and my contributions to the world at large. iv Contents Declaration ............................................... ii Abstract ................................................. iii Acknowledgements ........................................... iv List of Tables .............................................. vii List of Figures ............................................. ix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Transport Layer Overview . .2 1.2 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) . .2 1.2.1 Restrictions / Limitations of UDP . .3 1.3 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) . .3 1.4 TCP Mobility and Handover Management . .5 1.4.1 Restrictions / Limitations of TCP . .6 1.5 Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) . .6 1.5.1 SCTP Packets Format . .7 1.5.2 SCTP Features . .9 1.5.3 Multi-homing technology . 16 1.5.4 SCTP Mobility and Handover Management . 19 1.6 Why is SCTP Is Better Than TCP . 19 1.7 Thesis Problem . 21 1.8 Thesis Approach . 23 1.9 Thesis Contributions . 23 v 1.10 Thesis Organization . 24 2 Related work 28 3 Methodology and Simulation Experiments 31 3.1 OMNeT++ Network Simulator . 31 3.1.1 OMNeT++ Environment Components . 33 3.2 Simulation Requirements . 35 3.2.1 INET Framework . 35 3.2.2 SCTP Models . 36 3.3 Simulation Setup . 37 3.3.1 Kernel Library . 37 3.3.2 Wireless LANs . 37 3.3.3 Node Base . 38 3.3.4 Handover Algorithm . 40 3.4 Simulation Experiments . 41 3.4.1 Simulation Scenario A . 41 3.4.2 Simulation Scenario B . 44 3.5 Simulations Description . 47 4 Simulation Results and Discussion 50 4.1 Performance Metrics . 51 4.2 Scenario A: Results and Performance Analysis . 51 4.3 Scenario B: Results and Performance Analysis . 64 5 Conclusions and Future work 77 5.1 Conclusions . 77 5.2 Future Work . 77 Bibliography 83 vi List of Tables 1.1 The differences between MIPv4 and MIPv6 [8, 9] . 25 1.2 Chunk type and related number to each chunk[14]. 26 1.3 Horizontal and Vertical handover schemes . 27 3.1 The Configurable Parameters for test case of TCP background traffic . 43 3.2 The Configurable Parameters for test case of SCTP background traffic . 46 4.1 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with a channel bit rate of 54 Mbps. 53 4.2 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with a channel bit rate of 36 Mbps . 53 4.3 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with a channel bit rate 24 Mbps . 54 4.4 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single TCP host with a channel bit rate of 54 Mbps . 55 4.5 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single TCP host with a channel bit rate of 36 Mbps . 56 4.6 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single TCP host with a channel bit rate of 24 Mbps . 56 4.7 The mean and standard deviation value of handover delay and average end-to-end delay of the MC with a channel bit rate 54 Mbps . 62 4.8 The mean and standard deviation value of handover and end-to-end delay of MC with channel bit rate 36 Mbps . 62 vii 4.9 The mean and standard deviation value of handover and end-to-end delay of MC with channel bit rate 24 Mbps . 62 4.10 Packet loss probability under various channel bit rates while the number of TCP hosts increased . 64 4.11 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with Random Walking Speed (4.5 km/h). 66 4.12 mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with Brisk Walking Speed (6.5 km/h). 66 4.13 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of the MC with Random Cycling Speed (15.5 km/h). 67 4.14 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single SCTP host with Random Walking Speed (4.5 km/h). 68 4.15 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single SCTP host with Brisk Walking Speed (6.5 km/h). 68 4.16 The mean and standard deviation value of the average end-to-end throughput of a single SCTP host with Random Cycling Speed (15.5 km/h). 68 4.17 The mean and standard deviation value of the handover delay and average end-to-end delay of the MC with Random Walking Speed (4.5 km/h). 74 4.18 The mean and standard deviation value of the handover delay and average end-to-end delay of the MC with with Brisk Walking Speed (6.5 km/h). 74 4.19 The mean and standard deviation value of the handover delay and average end-to-end delay of the MC with with Random Cycling Speed (15.5 km/h). 74 4.20 Packet loss probability of the MC at various mobility speeds while the intensity of back- ground traffic increased . 76 viii List of Figures 1.1 SCTP packet structure [4]. .8 1.2 SCTP Association and Termination procedure[4]. 11 1.3 Asymmetric Multi-homing. 17 1.4 Symmetric Multi-homing. 18 1.5 Horizontal handover scheme . 21 1.6 Vertical handover scheme . 21 3.1 OMNeT++ model structure [source [36]]. 33 3.2 NED Source and GNED Graphical editor in OMNeT++ [source [41]] . 34 3.3 The Sequence Charts and events log output in the OMNeT++ [source [41]]. 35 3.4 Illustrates the Architecture of proposed SCTP Multi-homing . 39 3.5 Illustrates simulation topology for studying the impact of background traffic (i.e. ten stationary TCP hosts in each WLAN) on the MC . 44 3.6 Illustrates simulation topology for studying the impact of background traffic (i.e. ten SCTP single homed hosts in each WLAN) on the MC. 47 3.7 Timing chart of the SCTP multi-homed mobile host (MC) . 49 4.1 Average end-to-end throughput of the MC when the background traffic intensity increased in WLANs under various channel bit rates.