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Phosphorus and E. Coli and Their Relation to Selected Constituents During Storm Runoff Conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-9

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Phosphorus and E. Coli and Their Relation to Selected Constituents During Storm Runoff Conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-9 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Phosphorus and E. coli and Their Relation to Selected Constituents During Storm Runoff Conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998-99 Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4232 k 26 e e l C r Mil ar ed C . r C n a v l F3 y S Fanno Pe ndleton Cr. Cr. V ermont ek Cre F2 5 eek Cr F h a s n A n Summ o er Cr eek r Cee Fanno Creek at 56th Avenue k Tigard C ll re ek Ba Lake Oswego F1 TUALA VER TIN RI 5 Fanno Creek at Durham Road Fanno Creek at Scholls Ferry Road near Allen Boulevard Prepared in cooperation Photographs of Fanno Creek at 56th Avenue and Fanno Creek at Scholls Ferry Road near with CLEAN WATER SERVICES Allen Boulevard were taken by Steward Rounds, U.S. Geological Survey. Photograph of Fanno Creek at Durham Road was taken by Dennis A. Wentz, U.S. Geological Survey science for a changing world Phosphorus and E. coli and Their Relation to Selected Constituents During Storm Runoff Conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998–99 By Chauncey W. Anderson and Stewart A. Rounds U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4232 Prepared in cooperation with CLEAN WATER SERVICES Portland, Oregon 2003 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Information Services 10615 S.E. Cherry Blossom Drive Building 810 Portland, Oregon 97216-3159 Box 25286, Federal Center Email: [email protected] Denver, CO 80225-0286 Internet: http://oregon.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Anderson, C.W., and Rounds, S.A., 2003, Phosphorus and E. coli and their relation to selected constituents during storm runoff conditions in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1998–99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4232, 34 p. CONTENTS Significant Findings ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and Scope ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Description of Study Area........................................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgments....................................................................................................................................... 3 Methods and Quality Assurance .......................................................................................................................... 5 Discharge and Water Quality...................................................................................................................... 5 Quality Assurance Results .......................................................................................................................... 7 Results .................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Storms Sampled .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Water Quality.............................................................................................................................................. 9 Discharge ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Solids.................................................................................................................................................. 9 Biochemical Oxygen Demand ........................................................................................................... 14 Bacteria .............................................................................................................................................. 14 Bacterial sources ....................................................................................................................... 15 Phosphorus......................................................................................................................................... 16 Nitrogen ............................................................................................................................................. 20 Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 23 References Cited .................................................................................................................................................. 24 Appendix A.—Quality Assurance Program......................................................................................................... 27 Quality Assurance Samples......................................................................................................................... 27 Quality Assurance Results .......................................................................................................................... 28 Table A1. Replicate sample results and relative percent differences during storm samplings, 1998–99 .. 30 Appendix B.—Water quality data from Fanno Creek, Oregon............................................................................ 32 Contents iii FIGURES Figure 1. Map showing location of study area and storm sampling sites, Fanno Creek, Oregon..................... 4 Figure 2. Hydrographs showing discharge, precipitation, and sampling times at 56th Avenue (14206900) and at Durham Road (14206950) during three storms, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 1998 to December 1999 ........................................................................ 6 Figure 3. Hydrograph showing discharge and storms sampled at Durham Road (14206950), Fanno Creek, Oregon, April 1998 to April 2000............................................................................... 8 Figure 4. Graph showing correlation of total solids (TS) with total suspended solids (TSS), total volatile suspended solids (TVSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and total phosphorus (TP) at all sampling sites during three storms, Fanno Creek, June 1998 to December 1999............................................................................................................. 11 Figure 5. Hydrograph showing discharge and total solids concentrations at Durham Road (14206900) during storm 1, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 23-25, 1998....................... 11 Figure 6. Hydrographs showing relation of instantaneous concentrations and loads with discharge at all sampling sites during storm 1, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 23-25, 1998................. 12 Figure 7. Graphs showing cumulative loads and yields at 56th Avenue (upstream site; 14206900) and at Durham Road (downstream site; 14206950) during storm 1, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 23–25, 1998 ................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 8. Hydrographs showing discharge and total solids (TS) concentrations at 56th Avenue (14206900) and at Durham Road (14206950) during storm 3, Fanno Creek, Oregon, December 5-8, 1999 ...................................................................................... 13 Figure 9. Boxplots showing E. coli bacteria concentrations at each sampling site during three storms, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 1998 to December 1999 .................................................. 14 Figure 10. Boxplots showing total phosphorus (TP) concentrations at each sampling site during three storms, Fanno Creek, June 1998 to December 1999..................................................... 16 Figure 11. Hydrographs showing variability of total phosphorus (TP) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations with discharge at 56th Avenue (14206900) and at Durham Road (14206950) during storm 1, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 23-25, 1998............ 18 Figure 12. Graph showing seasonal patterns in monthly phosphorus concentrations in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1991–2001..................................................................................................... 19 Figure 13. Graph showing relation of soluble fraction of phosphorus with discharge at all sampling sites during three storms, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 1998 to December 1999 ............... 19 Figure 14. Hydrograph showing relation of total phosphorus (TP) concentrations with discharge at all sampling sites during storm 1, Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 23-25, 1998................. 20 Figure 15. Boxplots showing nitrate nitrogen concentrations at each sampling site during three storms in Fanno Creek, Oregon, June 1998 to December 1999 ............................................... 20 Figure 16. Graph showing seasonal patterns in monthly nitrate and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in Fanno Creek, Oregon, 1991–2001......................................................................... 21 Figure 17. Hydrographs showing nitrate concentrations at 56th Avenue (14206900) during three
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