DOCSLIB.ORG

Spatial and Temporal Changes in Marine-Terminating Glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula Since the 1940S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Spatial and Temporal Changes in Marine-Terminating Glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula Since the 1940S Spatial and Temporal Changes in Marine-terminating Glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula since the 1940s Alison Joan Cook Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Science Swansea University November 2014 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed ...................................................................... (candidate) Date ........................................................................ STATEMENT 1 This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. Where correction services have been used, the extent and nature of the correction is clearly marked in a footnote(s). Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed ..................................................................... (candidate) Date ........................................................................ STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed ..................................................................... (candidate) Date ........................................................................ iii Abstract The numerous glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula are highly sensitive to environmental changes, with potential to make a significant contribution to sea-level rise, and yet they have been distinctly under studied. An absence of fundamental details on glacier characteristics and behaviour is due in part to the inaccessibility of the region. In this research, the production of a new topographic model and an inventory of 1590 glacier drainage basins between 63-70° S have enabled detailed analysis of these glaciers for the first time. Area change measurements since the 1940s reveal that 90% of the 860 marine- terminating glaciers have retreated. Greatest glacier area loss has occurred in the north- east, primarily due to the demise of ice shelves. In the west, an increasing gradient of overall ice loss from north to south is observed, as well as a distinct region in the north- west where glaciers have remained stable. There are also clear trends over time, such as reduction in glacier retreat rates in the late 1980s, and acceleration in retreat since the late 1990s. These statistically significant trends indicate that there are external control factors currently outweighing local glaciological controls on glacier extent. Analysis of atmospheric and ocean temperature data reveals that, to the west of the peninsula, patterns in ocean temperatures have a strong synchroneity with glacier area change. An increasing ocean temperature gradient from north to south, which strengthens with depth, is closely correlated with glacier front changes. Furthermore, a warming at mid ocean depths has occurred since the 1990s. This research suggests that although the atmosphere is rapidly warming, melt by the ocean is the primary cause of glacier retreat along the western peninsula. With persistent warm ocean temperatures, glacier retreat and associated mass loss is set to continue, leading to an increasing contribution to sea- level rise. v Acknowledgements This project was funded by the AXA Research Fund. The AXA global financial protection group is interested in supporting risk-related climate research and I’m very grateful to them for the award that facilitated this research. My supervisors Professor Tavi Murray and Professor Adrian Luckman within the Glaciology Group at Swansea University, and Professor David Vaughan at the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), have given me support throughout the project and I’d like to thank them very much for their valuable expertise and helpful advice. I’m also extremely grateful to a number of scientists who were happy to contribute their data to this research. In particular, I’d like to thank Dr Paul Holland (BAS) for providing the ocean temperature data and for discussion of ideas. Thanks to Dr Nick Barrand (previously at BAS, now at Birmingham University) for providing temperature records and melt duration data, as well as DEMs for accuracy tests. Thanks to Dr J. Comiso (Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA) for providing his surface temperature gridded data and Dr J. Lenaerts (Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research, Utrecht University) for his modelled surface mass balance data. Credit is given to them where appropriate within the thesis. I’m also grateful to the USGS and BAS for permission to use the data that I produced during my involvement with the Coastal-Change and Glaciological Maps of Antarctica programme prior to the PhD. I have had two fantastic work experience assistants who helped out with the some of the more laborious tasks in this project. Anna Weissenmayer spent 2 weeks in July 2011 digitising glacier fronts from recent satellite imagery, and Anneka France worked for 6 weeks in July/Aug 2012 editing the GIS database. I’ve also had invaluable emergency help with IT related issues from Steve Shaw. Finally, I’d like to say thanks to the Swansea Glaciology Group as well as friends and colleagues at BAS for support and helpful discussions, and to friends and family who have spurred me on throughout the past four years! vii Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ vii Contents .......................................................................................................................................... ix Tables ............................................................................................................................................. xv Figures ......................................................................................................................................... xvii Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................ xxi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND AIMS 1.1 Motivation ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Aims ............................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Thesis structure ........................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Published material ....................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 2 THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA ICE SHEET AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Glaciology of the Antarctic Peninsula ........................................................................ 8 2.2.1 History of the AP Cryosphere ............................................................................... 10 2.2.1.1 The Last Glacial Maximum .............................................................................. 10 2.2.1.2 The Cryosphere since the early Holocene ......................................................... 11 2.2.2 Mass balance of the APIS ..................................................................................... 15 2.2.2.1 Mass estimates .................................................................................................. 15 2.2.2.2 Sea-level rise ..................................................................................................... 16 2.2.2.3 Surface mass balance ........................................................................................ 16 2.2.3 Ice Shelves and Glaciers on the AP ...................................................................... 18 2.2.3.1 Ice shelves ......................................................................................................... 18 2.2.3.2 Glaciers ............................................................................................................. 24 2.3 Recent changes in the climate and ocean around the AP .......................................... 32 2.3.1 Climate .................................................................................................................. 32 2.3.1.1 Air Temperature ................................................................................................ 33 2.3.1.2 Surface melt ...................................................................................................... 35 ix 2.3.1.3 Sea-ice ............................................................................................................... 37 2.3.1.4 Precipitation ....................................................................................................... 38 2.3.2 Ocean ....................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ice Dynamics and Stability Analysis of the Ice Shelf-Glacial System on the East Antarctic Peninsula Over the Past Half Century: Multi-Sensor
    Ice dynamics and stability analysis of the ice shelf-glacial system on the east Antarctic Peninsula over the past half century: multi-sensor observations and numerical modeling A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science of the College of Arts and Sciences by Shujie Wang B.S., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2010 M.A., GIS, Sun Yat-sen University, China, 2012 Committee Chair: Hongxing Liu, Ph.D. March 2018 ABSTRACT The flow dynamics and mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet are intricately linked with the global climate change and sea level rise. The dynamics of the ice shelf – glacial systems are particularly important for dominating the mass balance state of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The flow velocity fields of outlet glaciers and ice streams dictate the ice discharge rate from the interior ice sheet into the ocean system. One of the vital controls that affect the flow dynamics of the outlet glaciers is the stability of the peripheral ice shelves. It is essential to quantitatively analyze the interconnections between ice shelves and outlet glaciers and the destabilization process of ice shelves in the context of climate warming. This research aims to examine the evolving dynamics and the instability development of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system in the east Antarctic Peninsula, which is a dramatically changing area under the influence of rapid regional warming in recent decades. Previous studies regarding the flow dynamics of the Larsen Ice Shelf – glacial system are limited to some specific sites over a few time periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula Outlet Glaciers Driven by Surface Melt
    This is a repository copy of Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/150042/ Version: Published Version Article: Tuckett, P.A., Ely, J.C. orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-1500, Sole, A.J. et al. (4 more authors) (2019) Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt. Nature Communications, 10. ISSN 2041-1723 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12039-2 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12039-2 OPEN Rapid accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula outlet glaciers driven by surface melt Peter A. Tuckett1, Jeremy C. Ely 1*, Andrew J. Sole 1, Stephen J. Livingstone 1, Benjamin J. Davison2, J. Melchior van Wessem3 & Joshua Howard1 Atmospheric warming is increasing surface melting across the Antarctic Peninsula, with unknown impacts upon glacier dynamics at the ice-bed interface. Using high-resolution 1234567890():,; satellite-derived ice velocity data, optical satellite imagery and regional climate modelling, we show that drainage of surface meltwater to the bed of outlet glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula occurs and triggers rapid ice flow accelerations (up to 100% greater than the annual mean).
    [Show full text]
  • Velocity Increases at Cook Glacier, East Antarctica Linked to Ice Shelf Loss and a Subglacial Flood Event
    The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2018-107 Manuscript under review for journal The Cryosphere Discussion started: 1 June 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. Velocity increases at Cook Glacier, East Antarctica linked to ice shelf loss and a subglacial flood event Bertie W.J. Miles1*, Chris R. Stokes1, Stewart S.R. Jamieson1 1Department of Geography, Durham University, Science Site, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE 5 Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract: Cook Glacier drains a large proportion of the Wilkes Subglacial Basin in East Antarctica, a region thought to be vulnerable to marine ice sheet instability and with potential to make a significant contribution to sea-level. Despite its importance, there have been very 10 few observations of its longer-term behaviour (e.g. of velocity or changes at its ice front). Here we use a variety of satellite imagery to produce a time-series of ice-front position change from 1947-2017 and ice velocity from 1973-2017. Cook Glacier has two distinct outlets (termed East and West) and we observe the near-complete loss of the Cook West Ice Shelf at some time between 1973 and 1989. This was associated with a doubling of the velocity of Cook West 15 glacier, which may also be linked to previously published reports of inland thinning. The loss of the Cook West Ice Shelf is surprising given that the present-day ocean-climate conditions in the region are not typically associated with catastrophic ice shelf loss. However, we speculate that a more intense ocean-climate forcing in the mid-20th century may have been important in forcing its collapse.
    [Show full text]
  • Ilulissat Icefjord
    World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1149.pdf UNESCO Region: EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: Ilulissat Icefjord DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 7th July 2004 STATE PARTY: DENMARK CRITERIA: N (i) (iii) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Report of the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (i): The Ilulissat Icefjord is an outstanding example of a stage in the Earth’s history: the last ice age of the Quaternary Period. The ice-stream is one of the fastest (19m per day) and most active in the world. Its annual calving of over 35 cu. km of ice accounts for 10% of the production of all Greenland calf ice, more than any other glacier outside Antarctica. The glacier has been the object of scientific attention for 250 years and, along with its relative ease of accessibility, has significantly added to the understanding of ice-cap glaciology, climate change and related geomorphic processes. Criterion (iii): The combination of a huge ice sheet and a fast moving glacial ice-stream calving into a fjord covered by icebergs is a phenomenon only seen in Greenland and Antarctica. Ilulissat offers both scientists and visitors easy access for close view of the calving glacier front as it cascades down from the ice sheet and into the ice-choked fjord. The wild and highly scenic combination of rock, ice and sea, along with the dramatic sounds produced by the moving ice, combine to present a memorable natural spectacle. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS Located on the west coast of Greenland, 250-km north of the Arctic Circle, Greenland’s Ilulissat Icefjord (40,240-ha) is the sea mouth of Sermeq Kujalleq, one of the few glaciers through which the Greenland ice cap reaches the sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Holocene Glacier Fluctuations
    Quaternary Science Reviews 111 (2015) 9e34 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Invited review Holocene glacier fluctuations * Olga N. Solomina a, b, , Raymond S. Bradley c, Dominic A. Hodgson d, Susan Ivy-Ochs e, f, Vincent Jomelli g, Andrew N. Mackintosh h, Atle Nesje i, j, Lewis A. Owen k, Heinz Wanner l, Gregory C. Wiles m, Nicolas E. Young n a Institute of Geography RAS, Staromonetny-29, 119017, Staromonetny, Moscow, Russia b Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia c Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 012003, USA d British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK e Institute of Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland f Institute of Geography, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland g Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, CNRS Laboratoire de Geographie Physique, 92195 Meudon, France h Antarctic Research Centre, Victoria University Wellington, New Zealand i Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway j Uni Research Klima, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, N-5020 Bergen Norway k Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45225, USA l Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Switzerland m Department of Geology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691, USA n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA article info abstract Article history: A global overview of glacier advances and retreats (grouped by regions and by millennia) for the Received 15 July 2014 Holocene is compiled from previous studies. The reconstructions of glacier fluctuations are based on Received in revised form 1) mapping and dating moraines defined by 14C, TCN, OSL, lichenometry and tree rings (discontinuous 22 November 2014 records/time series), and 2) sediments from proglacial lakes and speleothems (continuous records/ Accepted 27 November 2014 time series).
    [Show full text]
  • OIB Antarctic Flight 10, Antarctica Peninsula #2 Aircraft DC-8 Flight
    OIB Antarctic Flight 10, Antarctica Peninsula #2 Aircraft DC-8 Flight Number DC8-100119 Flt Req # 108002 Flight Hours 9.4 Date 10/31/09 Purpose of Flight ICE Bridge Peninsula-2 Aircraft Status Airworthy Sensor Status All installed sensors operational. Significant Issues None Accomplishments Low level survey over a variety of Peninsula targets. Cloud cover obscured about 400 km of the planned 2300 km lines (~18% loss). Cloud cover affected the regions south of 72 deg. Sensors worked throughout. LVIS collected approximately one hour of sea ice data during the transit. McCords, Snow and Ku Band radars were operational throughout the target areas. Made a low pass over Palmer Station and conducted two passes over Punta Arenas for instrument calibration. Planned events Down day tomorrow Flight Summary Peninsula-2, FLT 11 Saturday, October 31, 2009 Seelye Martin (Mission Principal Investigator): Weather Summary: this is the first potentially clear day on the Peninsula. AMPS forecast shows a major system moving from west, reaching peninsula about 1800 UTC. Peninsula south of about 73 S is under heavy clouds. From their Antarctic forecast network, Fight Services shows that the lower Peninsula has broken cloud decks at 1,500 and 3,000 ft. Quoting John Sonntag, “For any other area, we would not fly, but the peninsula is open so infrequently that we have to try it.” Suspect we will have cloud problems at both north and south end of flight lines. Mission Description: This is a repeat of ATM lines flown by the Chilean/NASA P-3 in October 2008. The lines cover the Fleming Glacier, Mobile Oil Inlet and a pair of ICESat lines, one on the George-V ice shelf and a parallel one over Palmer Land, plus a single pass down the Crane Glacier.
    [Show full text]
  • Accelerated Ice Discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula Following the Collapse of Larsen B Ice Shelf
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xg5m0rc Journal Geophysical Research Letters, 31(18) ISSN 0094-8276 Authors Rignot, E Casassa, G Gogineni, P et al. Publication Date 2004-09-28 DOI 10.1029/2004GL020697 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 31, L18401, doi:10.1029/2004GL020697, 2004 Accelerated ice discharge from the Antarctic Peninsula following the collapse of Larsen B ice shelf E. Rignot,1,2 G. Casassa,2 P. Gogineni,3 W. Krabill,4 A. Rivera,2 and R. Thomas4,2 Received 7 June 2004; revised 9 July 2004; accepted 12 August 2004; published 22 September 2004. [1] Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar data collected in 1995. De Angelis and Skvarca [2003] found evidence by ERS-1/2 and Radarsat-1 satellites show that Antarctic of glacier surge on several glaciers north of Drygalski. Peninsula glaciers sped up significantly following the These studies suggest that ice shelf removal could indeed collapse of Larsen B ice shelf in 2002. Hektoria, Green contribute to eustatic sea level rise. and Evans glaciers accelerated eightfold between 2000 and [3] Here, we discuss flow changes following the collapse 2003 and decelerated moderately in 2003. Jorum and Crane of Larsen B ice shelf in early 2002, in full view of several glaciers accelerated twofold in early 2003 and threefold by synthetic-aperture radar satellites.
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 Alpine Club Antarctic Expedition Report.Pdf
    EXPEDITION REPORT 2013 Alpine Club Antarctic Expedition December 28th 2012 – January 31st 2013 The Alpine Club team approaching the north buttress of Alencar Peak. Photo: Phil Wickens Contents SUMMARY ................................................................................1 Summary Itinerary ..............................................................1 Mountains Climbed.............................................................1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................2 MEMBERS ................................................................................4 SAILING SOUTH ........................................................................5 ACCESSING THE KIEV PENINSULA ..............................................6 ALENCAR PEAK (1592M)...........................................................7 PEAK 1333M (1333M) ..............................................................8 ‘BELGICA DOME’ (2032M) .........................................................9 VALIENTE PEAK (2270M) ........................................................10 PEAK C.1800M (C.1800M) ......................................................11 PEAK 1475M (1475M) ............................................................12 LANCASTER HILL (642M & 616M) ............................................13 RETURN JOURNEY ..................................................................14 SEA ICE .................................................................................15 WEATHER ..............................................................................16
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy of a Glacial Meltwater Discharge Event in An
    Downloaded from http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on May 22, 2018 Anatomy of a glacial meltwater discharge event rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org in an Antarctic cove Michael P.Meredith1, Ulrike Falk2,3, Anna Valeria Research Bers3,†, Andreas Mackensen3, Irene R. Schloss4,5,6, 4 3 Cite this article: Meredith MP,Falk U, Bers Eduardo Ruiz Barlett , Kerstin Jerosch , Adrián Silva AV, Mackensen A, Schloss IR, Ruiz Barlett E, Busso7 and Doris Abele3 Jerosch K, Silva Busso A, Abele D. 2018 Anatomy of a glacial meltwater discharge 1British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge eventinanAntarcticcove.Phil.Trans.R.Soc.A CB3 0ET, UK 376: 20170163. 2University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0163 3Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am alten Hafen 24/Am Handelshafen 12, Accepted: 19 January 2018 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany 4Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina One contribution of 14 to a theme issue ‘The 5Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC, CONICET), marine system of the West Antarctic Ushuaia, Argentina Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a 6Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina region of rapid change’. 7University of Buenos Aires, 1053 Buenos Aires, Argentina Subject Areas: MPM, 0000-0002-7342-7756;KJ,0000-0003-0728-2154 geochemistry, atmospheric science, biogeochemistry, glaciology, oceanography, Glacial meltwater discharge from Antarctica is a meteorology key influence on the marine environment, impacting ocean circulation, sea level and productivity of Keywords: the pelagic and benthic ecosystems. The responses elicited depend strongly on the characteristics of the glacial discharge, Antarctica, geochemical meltwater releases, including timing, spatial structure tracers, stable isotopes and geochemical composition.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Drivers of Circum-Antarctic Glacier and Ice Shelf Front Retreat Over the Last Two Decades Celia A
    Environmental Drivers of Circum-Antarctic Glacier and Ice Shelf Front Retreat over the Last Two Decades Celia A. Baumhoer1, Andreas. J. Dietz1, Christof Kneisel2, Heiko Paeth2 and Claudia Kuenzer1,2 1German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Muenchner Strasse 20, D-82234 Wessling, 5 Germany 2Institute of Geography and Geology, University Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany Correspondence to: Celia A. Baumhoer ([email protected]) Abstract. The safety band of Antarctica, consisting of floating glacier tongues and ice shelves, buttresses ice discharge of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Recent disintegration events of ice shelves along with glacier retreat indicate a weakening of this important 10 safety band. Predicting calving front retreat is a real challenge due to complex ice dynamics in a data-scarce environment that are unique for each ice shelf and glacier. We explore to what extent easy to access remote sensing and modelling data can help to define environmental conditions leading to calving front retreat. For the first time, we present a circum-Antarctic record of glacier and ice shelf front change over the last two decades in combination with environmental variables such as air temperature, sea ice days, snowmelt, sea surface temperature and wind direction. We find that the Antarctic Ice Sheet area 15 decreased by -29,618±1,193 km2 in extent between 1997-2008 and gained an area of 7,108±1,029km2 between 2009 and 2018. Retreat concentrated along the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica including the biggest ice shelves (Ross and Ronne). In several cases, glacier and ice shelf retreat occurred in conjunction with one or several changes in environmental variables.
    [Show full text]
  • Glacial and Gully Erosion on Mars: a Terrestrial Perspective Susan Conway, Frances Butcher, Tjalling De Haas, Axel A.J
    Glacial and gully erosion on Mars: A terrestrial perspective Susan Conway, Frances Butcher, Tjalling de Haas, Axel A.J. Deijns, Peter Grindrod, Joel Davis To cite this version: Susan Conway, Frances Butcher, Tjalling de Haas, Axel A.J. Deijns, Peter Grindrod, et al.. Glacial and gully erosion on Mars: A terrestrial perspective. Geomorphology, Elsevier, 2018, 318, pp.26-57. 10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.05.019. hal-02269410 HAL Id: hal-02269410 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02269410 Submitted on 22 Aug 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. *Revised manuscript with no changes marked Click here to view linked References 1 Glacial and gully erosion on Mars: A terrestrial perspective 2 Susan J. Conway1* 3 Frances E. G. Butcher2 4 Tjalling de Haas3,4 5 Axel J. Deijns4 6 Peter M. Grindrod5 7 Joel M. Davis5 8 1. CNRS, UMR 6112 Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique, Université de Nantes, France 9 2. School of Physical Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK 10 3. Department of Geography, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 11 4. Faculty of Geoscience, Universiteit Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands 12 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Glacier Fluctuations During the Past 2000 Years
    Quaternary Science Reviews 149 (2016) 61e90 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Invited review Glacier fluctuations during the past 2000 years * Olga N. Solomina a, , Raymond S. Bradley b, Vincent Jomelli c, Aslaug Geirsdottir d, Darrell S. Kaufman e, Johannes Koch f, Nicholas P. McKay e, Mariano Masiokas g, Gifford Miller h, Atle Nesje i, j, Kurt Nicolussi k, Lewis A. Owen l, Aaron E. Putnam m, n, Heinz Wanner o, Gregory Wiles p, Bao Yang q a Institute of Geography RAS, Staromonetny-29, 119017 Staromonetny, Moscow, Russia b Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA c Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, CNRS Laboratoire de Geographie Physique, 92195 Meudon, France d Department of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland e School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA f Department of Geography, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada g Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CCT CONICET Mendoza, CC 330 Mendoza, Argentina h INSTAAR and Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, USA i Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Allegaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway j Uni Research Climate AS at Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway k Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria l Department of Geology,
    [Show full text]