Introduction to

LinuxDays FS17

Lecturer: Simon Farner FS17, v1 The Alternative

● Digital Sustainability

● LinuxDays

● Linux User Group

● http://www.thealternative.ch

● Flyers

Overview

● What is Linux

● Reasons to switch

● Linux Distributions

● Package Manager

● Install Linux

● Where to go now?

● Q&A, hands-on

Applications

[2] [1] [3]

[4] [6] [5]

If computers were cars

Lecturer: If PCs were cars

Image sources: Apple: http://listas.20minutos.es/lista/cual-esta-mejor-dibujado-342339/ Microsoft: http://www.luigikeynes.com/posts/3615/microsoft-busca-incorporar-a-kinect-y-a-windows-en.html If PCs were cars

● (≃ engine)

● Linux-based operating systems (≃ car)

[23] Licensing: Who owns the rights to Linux?

● Linux is .

● Licensed under GNU GPL v2

● GNU/GPL Software

● Other Licenses (e.g BSD)

● Proprietary: – Binary Blobs – Third Party Applications

[10]

Who built Linux?

[15] [17]

Richard M. Stallman [12]

Linus Torvalds [11]

[16]

[19] [20] Lennart Poettering [13] Greg Kroah-Hartman [14]

[21]

Greg Kroah-Hartman [22] The Community

[18] (figarative)

Why should I switch?

Lecturer: Why should I switch

Powerful User respecting Consistent

Support GNU/Linux Secure

Cost efficient Versatile Customiseable

Powerful

Lecturer: The Console

● Interactive

● Scripting & Automation

● Portable

● Precise and concise

● Shell all the things: – Git, Browser, Editing, IDE, Audio, Video, Games, Mail, Configuration, Management, Files

Graphical Applications

● LibreOffice, Calligra

● Firefox, Vivaldi

● Eclipse, Unity Editor, NetBeans

● Qcad, Eagle

● GIMP, Krita, Blender, Inkscape [37] ● Thunderbird, Kmail

● Telegram, Signal, Skype, IRC

● VLC, Kodi, Plex

● KeePass, LastPass, GPG

● And many more … 38 Secure

Lecturer: Secure

● Open Source

● Diverse, distributed and independent

● No single pressure point

● Frequent, system wide Updates [24] [25] ● Trustworthy Repositories

● Doesn’t spy on you

● Low amount of malware

● Containers and separation of concern

● Encryption and privacy built-in [26] [27]

Customisable and Versatile

Lecturer: If I could just change the …

[33]

[32]

[34] Desktop Environment (DE): KDE

Desktop Environment (DE): GNOME

https://afaikblog.wordpress.com/2011/02/15/gnome-3-getting-better-by-the-day/ Desktop Environment (DE): XFCE

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xfce Most DEs are highly customizable

Default XFCE http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/xfce-1-620x387.jpg

Customized XFCE http://img.bhs4.com/92/9/9299622D33DB68286299DC83957E5981598F0722_lis.jpg Most DEs are highly customizable

Default OpenSUSE KDE

Customized KDE http://jmtodaro.com/img/shots/kde-ghost.jpg Versatile

● Same system and tools on: – Embedded devices – Industrial Equipment – Robotics – Mini Computers [28] – Desktops – Servers & Clouds – Super Computers

[29]

Cost and Support

Lecturer: Cost

● Free of cost & low technical dept

● Commercial Support

● Low resource requirements

● Recycle old hardware [30] ● Attractive for: – Education & Research – Government – Consumers – Start-Up [31] – None profit & charity – Cloud

Support

● No useful information provided

xinyustudio.files.wordpress.com

www.neat.com

icomputerdenver.com Support

● expensive support:

macrumors.com

Meaningless error messages

● I'd prefer to see something like this:

Broken Package Manager under : Program not installed under OpenSUSE: E: dpkg was interrupted, sandro@linux-gttg:~> chromium you must manually run If 'chromium' is not a typo you can use 'dpkg --configure -a' command-not-found to lookup the package to correct the problem. that contains it, like this: cnf chromium sandro@linux-pmcq:~> sandro@linux-gttg:~> cnf chromium

The program 'chromium' can be found in following packages: [...]

Try installing with: sudo zypper install chromium Where to get Linux Support

● Distribution driven: – Forums – Mailing Lists (and Bug Trackers) – Wikis – IRC chat rooms

● Project Driven – Git-Hub

● Community driven – Blogs, Reddit – StackExchange: SuperUser, & Linux, (Server Fault), Software Recommendations – User Groups: TheAlternative, your local Linux User Group (LUG) – Fandom/Wikia

● Arch / Ubuntu Wiki, LinuxQuestions.org

Arch Linux is said to have the best Wiki

wiki.archlinux.org A community that actually cares

● Use Forums to ask questions:

10' later

bbs.archlinux.org

User respecting

Lecturer: Forget setups

● package manager

● software centers

● no spy-ware / ad-ware

● Trusted and secure repos media.askvg.com

heise.de malwaretips.com[35] OS restricting your rights

cdn.osxdaily.com

[33]

[36] Licensing issues

● Most distros are made from Free Software

● Just download and install

onebitzero.com

forums.macrumors.com Distributions

Lecturer: Linux Distributions

● Linux is just a kernel

● Distros are software bundles that make it be an OS

http://www.futura- sciences.com/magazines/high- tech/infos/actu/d/pc-bref-linux-41-ameliore- autonomie-pc-portables-puce-intel-58236/

Linux Distributions

http://unimauro.blogspot.ch/2010/02/lineas-de-tiempo.html https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Debian_family_tree_11-06.png The Package Manager

● Official repository

● Community Projects (Packman, ...) Software sources ● Personal repositories (home:...) (managed by package manager)

● Centralized

● Fast & easy

● Secure

● No junkware

The Package Manager in action

● Installing / removing software

● Updating all programs and apps with one click

Ubuntu release cycle

● E.g. Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

● Each minor release (e.g. 14.10, 15.04, 15.10) is supported for 9 months, with 6 months between releases

● Each major release (14.04, 16.06) is LTS (Long Term Support): supported for 5 years with a new release every 2 years in April / May

assets.ubuntu.com openSUSE release cycle

● E.g. openSUSE Leap 42.1

● Each minor release (“.1”) is supported for 18 months, with 12 months between releases

● Each major release (“42”) is supported for at least 36 months (until a few months after the next major release) with a new release about every three years

● 64 bit only

Install Linux

Lecturer: Tux won't break your existing OS

http://geektrio.net/?p=6075 Installation

● Install Linux alongside Windows or Mac OS X

● Choose your OS at every startup

All to the right: http://ngonoo.com/2012/04/023426/mengaktifkan-windows-7-install-disk-di-os-x/ Seeing your other OS from within Linux

● Looks like data on a USB key

● Can manipulate Windows data freely (!)

● Systems are completely independent – There will never be both systems running at the same time – No speed impact – If one system breaks, it will not affect the other one

https://openclipart.org/detail/68077/diagramma-a-torta What next?

Lecturer: Where to go now?

● To get Linux installed → Install Events

● To learn to use the console → Toolkit Course

● To get help with your system → Stammtische

Install events FS15 Next events

● Wanna install Linux on your laptop? – Pick one of our install events:

● Event 1: 23.03.17 | 17:30-00:00 | ETH Alumni Pavillon

● Event 2: 24.03.17 | 17:30-00:00 |ETH Alumni Pavillon – Do a backup before and bring a charger!!!

● Acquire your skills and learn practical applications

● The Linux Toolkit: 29.03.17 | 17:15-19:00 | ETH HG E 3

● Power of Linux: 30.03.17 | 17:15-19:00 | ETH HG F 3

● Linux Q&A: 31.03.17 | 17:15-19:15 | ETH

● Get advanced knowledge

● Bash Workshop: 03.04.17 | 17:15-19:00 | ETH HG D 5.2

● alternative date : 04.04.17 | 17:15-19:00 | ETH HG D 5.2

● Private Mail with GPG: 06.04.17 | 17:15-19:15 | ETH HG D 1.2

● Distributing Scientific FOSS: 11.04.17 | 17:15-19:00 | UZH KOL G 217

Stammtische

● Informal get-togethers

● Talk, enjoy a drink and have fun

● Tell us your questions / problems and get help

● Takes place every 2 weeks (check out our calendar)

Stammtisch at Thirstday Beer FS15 Q&A

● Try out our demo computers in this room right now

● Help us getting better by filling out feedback form

http://www.superpoop.com/index.php?date=082808

linux.thealternative.ch

Sources

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● [2] Crock-Pot, 2017, Crock-Pot . In http://www.crock-pot.com/dw/image/v2/AAMB_PRD/on/demandware.static/-/Sites-master-catalog/default/dw56ab147f/images/highres/SCCPWM600-V1- 1.jpg?sw=500&sh=500&sm=fit . Accessed on 3/12/17

● [3] Wikipedia, 2017, TI-Nspire series. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TI-Nspire_series#/media/File:TI-nspire_CX_CAS.jpg . Accessed on 3/12/17

● [4] Wikipedia, 2017, Android (). https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Android_robot_2014.svg/409px-Android_robot_2014.svg.png . Accessed on 3/12/17

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● [6] Wikipedia, 2017, Google, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google#/media/File:Google_2015_logo.svg . Accessed on 3/12/17

● [7] 20Minuten, 2012, ¿Cual esta mejor dibujado? . http://listas.20minutos.es/lista/cual-esta-mejor-dibujado-342339/ .Accessed on 3/12/17

● [8 ] Luigikeynes, 2012, Microsoft busca incorporar a Kinect y a Windows en los autos. http://www.luigikeynes.com/posts/3615/microsoft-busca-incorporar-a-kinect-y-a-windows-en.html . Accessed on 3/12/17

● [9]

● [10] Free Software Foundation, Inc. , 2012, The Dynamic Duo: The Gnu and the Penguin in flight. https://www.gnu.org/graphics/bwcartoon.html#content . Accessed on 3/12/17 Sources

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● [18] Good Star, 2012, About Us, http://www.goodstars.org/about-us.html .

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