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Historic Tolaga

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Historic Tolaga Media Centre Media © Stephen Donald 2006 Donald Stephen © on the Uawa River Uawa the on wharenui at Te Rawhero, with two women’s rowing teams rowing women’s two with Rawhero, Te at wharenui The cover photo taken in the early 1900s shows the shows 1900s early the in taken photo cover The today in the name of Te Rawheoro Marae. Rawheoro Te of name the in today century. Te Rawheoro is remembered and honoured and remembered is Rawheoro Te century. the last tohunga being Rangiuia in the mid-nineteenth the in Rangiuia being tohunga last the dents to the Uawa area for over twelve generations, twelve over for area Uawa the to dents whakairo (wood carving) Te Rawheoro attracted stu- attracted Rawheoro Te carving) (wood whakairo Uawa history Uawa Researched and written by Stephen Donald. Stephen by written and Researched was particularly noted for the quality and style of style and quality the for noted particularly was by Rakopu Press, P.O. Box 14,Tolaga Bay. 14,Tolaga Box P.O. Press, Rakopu by ogy) and karakia (spiritual incantations) Te Rawheoro Te incantations) (spiritual karakia and ogy) side the traditional learning of whakapapa (geneal- whakapapa of learning traditional the side An overview of overview An Uawa FM 88.5, 99.3, Cook Street, Tolaga Bay Tolaga Street, Cook 99.3, 88.5, FM Uawa father of Hauiti, it specialised in the visual arts, along- arts, visual the in specialised it Hauiti, of father Produced for Tolaga Bay Information Centre and Centre Information Bay Tolaga for Produced lished in the sixteenth century by Hingangaroa, the Hingangaroa, by century sixteenth the in lished number of whare wananga on the East Coast. Estab- Coast. East the on wananga whare of number launched in 2003. in launched Te Rawheoro at Uawa was the most important of a of important most the was Uawa at Rawheoro Te choice for the name of the local radio station radio local the of name the for choice others, Tolaga Bay. Uawa FM was the natural the was FM Uawa Bay. Tolaga others, Arts and crafts flourished in Uawa in flourished crafts and Arts Some clubs and organisations use Uawa - and - Uawa use organisations and clubs Some Artistic excellence and knowledge and excellence Artistic Bay and Whangara districts. Whangara and Bay The most prestigious wananga on the Eastern seaboard Eastern the on wananga prestigious most The revived for the new ward covering the Tolaga the covering ward new the for revived Hingangaroa established Te Rawheoro Te established Hingangaroa was established in 1988, the name Uawa was Uawa name the 1988, in established was the name Uawa. When Gisborne District Council District Gisborne When Uawa. name the Ka tipu te whaihanga ki Uawa ki whaihanga te tipu Ka veyors. The county council formed in 1919 took 1919 in formed council county The veyors. Toi whakairo Toi matauranga Toi whakairo Toi and also by early missionaries, traders and sur- and traders missionaries, early by also and Uawa is the name used by Maori for this district, this for Maori by used name the is Uawa Te whare whaimana ki Te Tairawhiti Te ki whaimana whare Te Na Hingangaroa ko Te Rawheoro Te ko Hingangaroa Na disasterous floods of 1916-1917. of floods disasterous gable for over 10 miles to Wharekaka until the until Wharekaka to miles 10 over for gable retention and maintenance of Maori knowledge. Maori of maintenance and retention limit of the tide at Mangatuna. The river was navi- was river The Mangatuna. at tide the of limit whare wânanga (schools of learning) made to the to made learning) of (schools wânanga whare the Hikuwai and Mangatokerau, just above the above just Mangatokerau, and Hikuwai the below the confluence of two major tributaries, major two of confluence the below Po. Po. This song commemorates the contribution that contribution the commemorates song This cestor). The river takes the name Uawa from Uawa name the takes river The cestor). Nga Pu Wananga kei Te kei Wananga Pu Nga closing verse of the waiata waiata the of verse closing Uawa river, commemorating an early tupuna (an- tupuna early an commemorating river, Uawa been sought, as shown in these words from the from words these in shown as sought, been Uawa-nui-a-Ruamatua is the ancient name for the for name ancient the is Uawa-nui-a-Ruamatua Uawa has long been a place where knowledge has knowledge where place a been long has Uawa was officially gazetted in 1924. in gazetted officially was the landscape around you. around landscape the post office remained as Tolaga Bay, and the name the and Bay, Tolaga as remained office post and Pakeha in this place, and link our history to history our link and place, this in Pakeha and maps and in the name of the two banks. But the But banks. two the of name the in and maps understand more about the rich heritage of Maori of heritage rich the about more understand but never caught on, except on Government on except on, caught never but trust that these historical notes will help you help will notes historical these that trust official name of the township from the mid 1890s mid the from township the of name official Tolaga Bay Tolaga Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa - the great Pacific Ocean. We Ocean. Pacific great the - Moana-nui-a-Kiwa Te and Tologa have all been used. Buckley was the was Buckley used. been all have Tologa and remains unclear. The spellings Tologo, Tolago Tologo, spellings The unclear. remains welcome to Tolaga Bay, where the Uawa River meets River Uawa the where Bay, Tolaga to welcome Bay, but what he heard and wrote down as Tolaga as down wrote and heard he what but Bay, Nau mai, haere mai ki Uawa-nui-a-Ruamatua - Uawa-nui-a-Ruamatua ki mai haere mai, Nau Captain James Cook named this place Tolaga place this named Cook James Captain HISTORIC A UNIQUE HISTORY UNIQUE A Is it the same as UAWA? as same the it Is Why TOLAGA BAY? TOLAGA Why UAWA - TOLAGA BAY TOLAGA - UAWA NGA WA O MUA 1769 - STRANGERS FROM AFAR TE AITANGA-A-HAUITI -- TANGATA WHENUA CAPTAIN JAMES COOK AND TUPAIA Maori have lived in the Uawa district from at least the Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti welcomed Captain James Cook on H.M.S 13th century, with lineage from Maui-tiki-tiki-o-rangi and Endeavour to Uawa in October 1769. following Cook’s Paikea in far-off Hawaiki. The local iwi, Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti, exploration of eastern coastline of the North Island as far assert their own distinctive identity. They are closely south as Cape Turnagain. Cook’s crew initially landed at related to their northern neighbours, Ngati Porou, and Anaura Bay and were well-received, observing large to the iwi of the Poverty Bay area, including cultivated areas where taro, yams and gourds were growing Rongowhakaata and Te Aitanga-a-Mahaki. in profusion. Unable to continue loading barrels of much- needed water due to a heavy surf, Cook was guided south Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti take their name from the chief Hauiti, by Maori to a small bay on the southern side of Tolaga who lived in the sixteenth century. He was the youngest Bay.This place is now known as Cook’s Cove. of three sons of the great tohunga Hingangaroa, the founder of Te Rawheoro whare wananga. Hauiti’s mother Relations at Turanganui (Gisborne) had been marked by was Iranui, the sister of Kahungunu. Hauiti expelled his misunderstandings and violence, resulting in the deaths older brothers from the Uawa district after a long dispute. of two Maori men, and Cook’s naming of that place Poverty His son Kahukuranui consolidated the mana of Hauiti’s Bay “because it afforded us no one thing we wanted.” The descendants through the conquest of neighbouring Ngati situation at Uawa was quite different. Here Cook was able Ira, and a series of strategic marriages. Te Aitanga-a- to obtain water and firewood, and observe the new land Hauiti dominated from the Turanganui River at Gisborne and its people first-hand. Cross-cultural interchange at Uawa - Joseph Banks trades north through to Tokomaru Bay. Tahitian bark-cloth for koura (crayfish) as painted by the The Raiatean chief and priest Tupaia on board the Raiatean tohunga Tupaia 1769. Endeavour played a key role, as he was he able to The fertile soils of the river flats and some almost frost- understand sufficient Maori to translate for Cook and his free locations allowed a wide range of crops to be grown. crew. Tupaia’s high religious standing and artistic training HISTORY IN ROAD SIGNS Rich coastal food resources and the birds of inland forest enabled him to make keen observations of local Maori, areas meant that a large population was supported in a Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti tupuna are honoured in Hauiti and to give some interpretation of the presence of the series of coastal and inland kainga (villages) with fortified road names with Hauiti, Whakatatare, Hinekura white-skinned strangers in their “floating island“ to the pa and food storage pits on the hilltops. Te Aitanga-a- and Rangiuia (along with Te Kani-a-Takirau and Wi tangata whenua. Although no names of local Maori are Hauiti engaged in sea voyages, being well known for given in the journals of Cook and his crew, it is likely that Kingi Hori on roads shown on the survey maps) their highly decorated waka taua (war canoes). Whakatatare-o-te-Rangi was the chief described in the The streets of Tolaga Bay township commemorate journals by Cook and others.
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