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The French Contribuon The 27th of January 2010 in a World of Innovaon

French Contribuons in The Cyclades and Data Networks from the Transpac networks 70s to the end of the 80s

Valérie Schafer, Paris Sorbonne Two projects

• Between 1971 and 1979 at IRIA • Innovaons in Open Systems Interconnecon and Packet Cyclades Switching Networks

• Opened in 1978 • Built at Cnet and CCETT by Telecommunicaons carriers Transpac • Main supporter of the Minitel in the 80s • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but 1st part the Minitel

• Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching A networks

• The choice of the French telecommunicaons B carriers: Transpac and the Minitel The man who did not invent

Le Monde Internet August 2006 • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but 1st part the Minitel

• Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching A networks

• The choice of the French telecommunicaons B carriers: Transpac and the Minitel Plan Calcul 1966 Computer Policy De Gaulle

CII IRIA Naonal manufacturer Instute for research in computer science (IRIS 80, Mitra 15…) and control 1966 Plan Calcul: Birth of the CII 1979: End and the IRIA of Cyclades

1971: Launch of the Cyclades project Packet switching networks

Rand Paul 1960‐1962 Baran Corporaon

Léonard 1961 MIT Kleinrock

Donald 1968 NPL Davies Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching networks

Birth in 1971 at the IRIA

In the context of the Plan Calcul

A Packet switching network

An open network Proprietary networking architecture: SNA by IBM in 1974

Reacon: creaon of an open network

Arpanet and Cyclades • The Men who did not invent the Internet … but 1st part the Minitel

• Cyclades, a pioneer in packet switching A networks

• The choice of the French telecommunicaons B carriers: Transpac and the Minitel The French telecommunicaons carriers: Transpac and the Minitel

Monopoly

1978 : Transpac

A Packet switching network

Virtual circuits vs datagrams

Transpac supported the Minitel traffic Packets of the same message follow Virtual circuits themselves on the same circuit Packet switching networks adaptave roung Datagrams packets take different ways according to the availability of the lines • Different ways of contribuons in an Internaonal networking 2nd part research community

• The parcipaon in two European networks : EIN and Euronet A

• Knowledge transfers B

• Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams » D

• Standardizaon : OSI and X25 E The French parcipaon in EIN

Equipments: EIN Leader: Close to In the Mitra 15 (European Derek Cyclades, framework from CII, Informacs Barber from datagrams of Cost 11 consorum Network) NPL Sesa ‐ Logica Cost 22‐ Catch 11 The French parcipaon in Euronet

In the Virtual framework Leader: circuits and of the Euronet European X25 European PTT Protocol Economical Community • Different ways of contribuons in an Internaonal networking 2nd part research community

• The parcipaon in two European networks : EIN and Euronet A

• Knowledge transfers B

• Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams » D

• Standardizaon : OSI and X25 E Cyclades and Arpanet

INWG Gérard Le Lann at Visits Stanford

Consulng Relaons Never contract with connected with BBN Arpanet • Different ways of contribuons in an Internaonal networking 2nd part research community

• The parcipaon in two European networks : EIN and Euronet A

• Knowledge transfers B

• Louis Pouzin, « the guru of datagrams » D

• Standardizaon : OSI and X25 E Open Systems Interconnecon

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