DOCSLIB.ORG

Digital Audio and Ancillary Data Services for ATV--The Work of The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Digital Audio and Ancillary Data Services for ATV--The Work of The DIGITAL AUDIO AND ANCILLARY DATA SERVICES FOR ATV -­ THE WORK OF THE ATSC SPECIALIST GROUP Graham S. Stubbs Eidak Corporation ABSTRACf that it is important that appropriate em­ phasis should be placed on defining the This paper describes the advice and accompanying sound channels, the features suggestions put forth by the Technology of the ancillary data and control services, Group on Distribution (T3) of the Advanced and the way in which they may be included Television System Committee (ATSC) re­ in the ATV transmission format. garding digital services for Advanced Televi­ sion (A TV). These recommendations were The charter of the ATSC Specialist based on the background work of the Spe­ Group on Digital Services (T3/S3) has been cialist Group (T3/S3) on Digital Services to conduct industry surveys and technical which conducted technical studies, and studies and to develop technical information surveys, and developed the suggestions and and recommendations on the following sub­ recommendations. jects. The Specialist Group commenced its studies in December, 1990. Rapid advances in multichannel com­ posite digital audio coding technology now A Sound & Ancilla:ry Data Services make it possible to plan to provide the con­ sumer (e.g. cable subscriber) with an expand­ Identification of the range of ATV ed audio experience to match wide screen sound channel requirements and high definition TV pictures. This paper how they might be satisfied with re­ summarizes the suggestions adopted by cent rapid advances in the state-of­ ATSC's T3 Group regarding audio and the art digital audio coding. Identifi­ ancillary data services, including the advice cation of the range of desirable that a standard service for A1V should in­ ancillary data services--including clude capacity for a minimum of five audio those already in use and in some channels with composite encoding. cases mandated--and estimates of the data capacity required for each. Particular emphasis was placed on the need for flexible allocation of data to audio B. Conditional Access and ancillary data services on an as-needed basis. Establishment of system attributes and features required to allow condi­ INTRODUCTION tional access to the A TV transmis­ sion in the various media in particu­ The Advanced Television Systems lar Cable Television, with emphasis Committee and other organizations, includ­ on the structure and capacity of the ing the FCC Advisory Committee on Ad­ required control data channel. vanced Television Service, EIA, and NCfA, have recognized that much of the c. Multiplex Structure effort spent on ATV development and stan­ dardization has been put on the develop­ Determination of requirements for ment of vision signal encoding schemes and flexibility in the data multiplex struc 1992 NCTA Technical Papers- 31 ture to permit re-allocation of the "images" which can truly complement the available data capacity for the vari­ high definition pictures in a restricted 6 ous services. MHZ wide HDTV digital channel. Audio techniques developed for motion picture The goal of this work has been to theaters may become applicable to the influence the characteristics of the digital consumers' living room. services (other than video) which are to be provided by the A TV emission system As a discussion vehicle, the Specialist selected for use for terrestrial broadcasting Group prepared a "strawman" proposal for in the United States. (However, it is not TV Audio and Data Services for Simulcast ATSC's intention to affect the ATV testing ATV systems. The "strawman" proposal program already in progress as part of the suggested desirable program audio attri­ FCC selection process.) Specifically, it is butes and listed possible ancillary digital suggested that the final ATV system se­ services, including some of those already in lected for terrestrial broadcasting, cable, use with NTSC such as closed captioning. It and other media follow the guidance de­ was suggested that advantage should be tailed in reference 1 (see Appendix for taken of the opportunity to design a new Executive Summary of the ATSC docu­ generation of ancillary data services into the ment). system from the beginning. Starting in April 1992, the "strawman" proposal was Recognizing that different media circulated for comments and suggestions to (broadcast, cable, DBS, etc.) will use differ­ a wide range of parties with interest in ent modulation methods, possibly carry A TV development and introduction, includ­ different ancillary signals and have other ing the proponents of systems to be tested requirements unique to each medium, in the selection process. By an iterative T3 /S3 has focussed its technical studies to process, the document was refined to reflect facilitate the adoption of voluntary stan­ as much industry consensus as possible, with dards for all media based on the same particular emphasis on flexible allocation of baseband signal representation for video, data capacity to audio and ancillary data audio, data and control to maximize inter­ services. operability and to provide a simple com­ mon interface to the consumer A TV re­ The following summarizes some of ceiver. Work by T3 /S3 on Conditional the principal suggestions as to the charac­ Access is reported in References 2 and 5. teristics of the audio and digital services which should be provided by an ATV emis­ WORK ON AUDIO AND ANCILLARY sion system adopted for use in the United DATA SERVICES States, both for terrestrial broadcast and by alternate media. Certain services are iden­ Advances in audio bit rate coding tified which the final distributor of pro­ technology have occurred extremely rapidly gramming may provide in a standardized in the past two years, now making it poss­ manner. Standardization of services is ible to encode multiple audio channels necessary so that receiver manufacturers using data rates previously allocated to a may produce receivers that can receive single audio channel. It is now technically these services. A number of capabilities are possible to create multiple channel audio 32 -1992 NCTA Technical Papers identified which every receiver should be added in a compatible m&-mer by means of required to provide. the flexible allocation of data capacity. The key is to provide a way to identify new MAJOR PRINCIPLES types of allocated data services, so that new or upgraded receivers may make use of the Flexible Allocation new data types, while older receivers simply ignore them. The new data types could The number and type of audio and offer new kinds of audio services (perhaps data services which an A TV system should with more audio channels) and new kinds of deliver will vary significantly depending on information services. Some of the addition­ what services are available to accompany al data types could be intended for private the picture, and the needs of the particular or commercial reception, with the data service area for the distribution medium, capacity being sold by the final program e.g. broadcast, cable. etc. In order to pro­ distributor to provide a supplemental rev­ vide a maximum level of utility, many audio enue source. channels and data services might be need­ ed. A fixed provision for many audio Multi-Channel Audio channels and data services would require, however, that a significant portion of the The A TV system should be capable available transmission capacity be reserved of delivering multi-channel sound appropri­ for these services. This would unnecessar­ ate to the wider, higher definition picture. ily constrain the video quality, which would Consistent with demonstrated psychoacous­ suffer if its available data rate were re­ tic principles, the preferred channel assign­ stricted. Since much of the programming ment is: Left, Center, Right, Left Surround, may not require many audio channels or and Right Surround. A significant advan­ data services, a fixed allocation of transmis­ tage of three front channels (rather than sion capacity to these services would be two as in present TV stereo) is stabilization inefficient. Therefore, the A TV transmis­ of the audio dialogue image in the vicinity sion system should be capable of a flexible of the TV screen. allocation of data to audio and data servic­ [Note: This is consistent with the CCIR es on an as-needed basis, with the remain­ Task Group 10/1 Draft Recommendation ing data available to the video system. At on Multi-Channel Sound (Reference 3), and the point of emission or final distribution, the SMPTE Film Sound Sub-Committee a choice may be made based on the avail­ Report](Reference 4). An optional low able services and the needs of the intended bandwidth channel for low-frequency en­ audience as to which services are to be hancement (subwoofer channel) may also delivered via the final distribution medium. be provided. Monophonic and two-channel stereophonic transmission modes of opera­ Extensibility tion should also be provided, and will offer the most efficient method of delivery for It is not possible to enVIsion and mono or two-channel stereo programming. provide for all potential audio and data services which might be useful components Even with the use of advanced low of the A TV service in all media. It is bit-rate audio coding technologies, provision feasible to allow new digital services to be of five high quality independently coded 1992 NCTA Technical Papers- 33 discrete channels would require significant When surround information is rele­ data capacity. Current estimates of re­ vant and available, the 3/2 composite cod­ quired bit rates per individual audio chan­ ing mode is preferred. Three front chan­ nel are: nels and two surround channels are provid­ ed. High Quality 128 kbits/sec When surround information is not Medium Quality 96 kbits/sec ·available, the 3/0 mode is sufficient. Three Low Quality 64 kbits/sec front channels are provided; the 3/2 mode may also be used.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Creating 4K/UHD Content Poster
    Creating 4K/UHD Content Colorimetry Image Format / SMPTE Standards Figure A2. Using a Table B1: SMPTE Standards The television color specification is based on standards defined by the CIE (Commission 100% color bar signal Square Division separates the image into quad links for distribution. to show conversion Internationale de L’Éclairage) in 1931. The CIE specified an idealized set of primary XYZ SMPTE Standards of RGB levels from UHDTV 1: 3840x2160 (4x1920x1080) tristimulus values. This set is a group of all-positive values converted from R’G’B’ where 700 mv (100%) to ST 125 SDTV Component Video Signal Coding for 4:4:4 and 4:2:2 for 13.5 MHz and 18 MHz Systems 0mv (0%) for each ST 240 Television – 1125-Line High-Definition Production Systems – Signal Parameters Y is proportional to the luminance of the additive mix. This specification is used as the color component with a color bar split ST 259 Television – SDTV Digital Signal/Data – Serial Digital Interface basis for color within 4K/UHDTV1 that supports both ITU-R BT.709 and BT2020. 2020 field BT.2020 and ST 272 Television – Formatting AES/EBU Audio and Auxiliary Data into Digital Video Ancillary Data Space BT.709 test signal. ST 274 Television – 1920 x 1080 Image Sample Structure, Digital Representation and Digital Timing Reference Sequences for The WFM8300 was Table A1: Illuminant (Ill.) Value Multiple Picture Rates 709 configured for Source X / Y BT.709 colorimetry ST 296 1280 x 720 Progressive Image 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 Sample Structure – Analog & Digital Representation & Analog Interface as shown in the video ST 299-0/1/2 24-Bit Digital Audio Format for SMPTE Bit-Serial Interfaces at 1.5 Gb/s and 3 Gb/s – Document Suite Illuminant A: Tungsten Filament Lamp, 2854°K x = 0.4476 y = 0.4075 session display.
    [Show full text]
  • Type D-11 HDCAM Data Stream and AES3 Data Mapping Over SDTI
    PROPOSED SMPTE 369M SMPTE STANDARD for Television ¾ Type D-11 HDCAM Data Stream and AES3 Data Mapping over SDTI Page 1 of 11 pages Table of contents 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 General specifications 4 Header data 5 Payload data 6 AES3 data 7 Auxiliary data 8 EDH Annex A SDI and SDTI operation at 23.98… Hz) Annex B SDI and SDTI operation at 24 Hz) Annex C Bibliography 1 Scope This standard specifies the mapping of type D-11 HDCAM compressed picture data stream into the SDTI payload area (SMPTE 305.2M) together with the mapping of four channels of AES3 data and time code data into H-ANC packets. Type D-11 HDCAM compressed picture data stream mapping is defined for source coded picture rates of 24/1.001/P, 24/P, 25/P, 50-I, 30/1.001/P, and 60/1.001. For the transmission of compressed picture data coded at source picture rates of 25/P and 50/I, the SDTI interface operates at a frame rate of 25 Hz. For the transmission of compressed picture data coded at source picture rates of 30/1.001P and 60/1.001I, the SDTI interface operates at a frame rate of 30/1.001 Hz. The transmission of compressed picture data coded at the source picture rates of 24/1.001/P and 24/P require the SDTI interface to operate at frame rates of 24/1.001 Hz and 24 Hz with the parameters defined in normative annex A and annex B of this standard.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparing for the Broadcast Analog Television Turn-Off: How to Keep Cable Subscribers’ Tvs from Going Dark
    White Paper Preparing for the Broadcast Analog Television Turn-Off: How to Keep Cable Subscribers’ TVs from Going Dark Learn about the NTSC-to-ATSC converter/ receiver and how TANDBERG Television’s RX8320 ATSC Broadcast Receiver solves the Analog Turn-Off issues discussed in this paper Matthew Goldman Vice President of Technology TANDBERG Television, part of the Ericsson Group First presented at SCTE Cable-Tec Expo® 2008 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania © TANDBERG Television 2008. All rights reserved. Table of Contents 1. The “Great Analog Television Turn-Off” ..............................................................................................3 1.1 Receiving Over-the-Air TV Transmissions ..............................................................................3 1.2 ATSC DTV to NTSC Analog Conversion ...................................................................................5 2. Video Down-Conversion .........................................................................................................................5 2.1 Active Format Description ..........................................................................................................8 2.2 Bar Data .............................................................................................................................................9 2.3 Color Space Correction ................................................................................................................9 3. Audio Processing .......................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Source Image Format and Ancillary Data Mapping for the 3 Gb/S Serial
    SMPTE ST 425-1:2017 Revision of SMPTE ST 425-1:2014 SMPTE STANDARD Source Image Format and Ancillary Data Mapping for the 3 Gb/s Serial Interface Page 1 of 32 pages Table of Contents Page 1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Conformance Notation ....................................................................................................................... 3 3 Normative References ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 4 4 Level A — Direct Mapping of Source Image Formats ..................................................................... 5 4.1 20-Bit Virtual Interface ................................ ................................ ....................................................... 6 4.2 Virtual Interface — Data Stream Mappings .................................................................................... 13 5 Level B ― Mapping of SMPTE ST 372 Dual-Link .......................................................................... 23 5.1 SMPTE ST 372 Dual Link Mapping ................................ ................................ .................................. 24 6 Level B ― 2 x SMPTE ST 292-1 (HD-SDI) Dual-Stream Mapping ................................................. 26 6.1 2 x SMPTE ST 292 -1 (HD-SDI) Dual Stream Mapping ................................ .................................... 26 7 Levels
    [Show full text]
  • XAVCTM MXF Mapping and Operating Points
    SMPTE RDD 32:2017 Revision of RDD 32:2014 SMPTE REGISTERED DISCLOSURE DOCUMENT XAVCTM MXF Mapping and Operating Points Page 1 of 34 pages The attached document is a Registered Disclosure Document prepared by the proponent identified below. It has been examined by the appropriate SMPTE Technology Committee and is believed to contain adequate information to satisfy the objectives defined in the Scope, and to be technically consistent. This document is NOT a Standard, Recommended Practice or Engineering Guideline, and does NOT imply a finding or representation of the Society. Errors in this document should be reported to the proponent identified below, with a copy to [email protected]. All other inquiries in respect of this document, including inquiries as to intellectual property requirements that may be attached to use of the disclosed technology, should be addressed to the proponent identified below. This document is intended to support the development of applications that read and process XAVC MXF files. It is not intended to support the development of hardware or software applications that create XAVC MXF files, and creation of such files is reserved to individuals and organizations that have entered into agreements with the proponent identified below for such file creation. Proponent contact information: Satoshi Katsuo Sony Corporation 4-14-1 Asahi-cho, Atsugi Kanagawa, 243-0014 Japan Email: [email protected] Copyright © 2017 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS Approved August 30, 2017 445 Hamilton Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 SMPTE RDD 32:2017 Table of Contents Page 1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 2 Related Documents .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Companion Screens and Streams;
    ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Companion Screens and Streams; Part 2: Content Identification and Media Synchronisation DVB Document A167-2 June 2016 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights ................................................................................................................................ 9 Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 9 Modal verbs terminology ................................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 10 1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 2 References .............................................................................................................................................. 14 2.1 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Informative references ..................................................................................................................................... 16 3 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • What's New for Avid® Media Composer® V5.0
    What’s New for Avid® Media Composer® v5.0 The following lists what’s new for the current editor release. Feature Description For More Info Mixing Frame Sizes and You can now mix frame sizes and aspect See “Mixing Frame Sizes and Aspect Ratios ratios in the same sequence. Aspect Ratios” on page 4. n The reformatting capabilities that let you mix frame sizes and aspect ratios in a sequence are also not generally appropriate for use with stereoscopic material. The image scaling and resizing that occurs affects the separation between objects in the left and right images. Transcoding Mixed Rate You can transcode clips of any edit rate. See “Transcoding Mixed Frame Material Rate Material” on page 9. Timeline Direct You can now edit sequences without having See “Working with the Timeline Manipulation to enter specific edit modes. Palette” on page 13. Film Based Metadata Changes were made to improve your See “File Based Metadata enhancements workflow in many areas of the application, Enhancements” on page 37. including support of file based media, entering your own custom key numbers, changes to FilmScribe, AutoSync, Relink, and EDL. Alternate Source Capture You can enter a different timecode and tape See “Alternate Source Capture” name when you batch capture. on page 39. Selecting Items in a Bin The way in which you select and sort items in See “Selecting Clips and a bin has changed. It now follows a standard Sequences” on page 42 and operating system selection process. “Sorting Clips and Sequences” on page 42. Feature Description For More Info Promoting Effects You might need to update some effects if you See “Updating and Reverting are working with sequences that contain Existing Effects in Sequences” on effects created in an earlier version of the page 43 editing application.
    [Show full text]
  • PBS Technical Operating Specification 2016 Part 1 Page 1
    TOS Pt.1 PBS Technology & Operations TECHNICAL OPERATING SPECIFICATION Part 1: Program Submission 2016 Edition Table of Contents 1 Scope and Purpose ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Requirements .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Producer Responsibilities .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.4 Physical Media .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.5 Digital Media ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Reference Table ........................................................................................................... 2 3 Video .............................................................................................................................. 4 3.1 Video Image Quality........................................................................................................................................ 4 3.2 Video Definition ..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Recommendation Itu-R Bt.1551
    Rec. ITU-R BT.1551 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1551 Transport of MPEG-2 recoding data set as ancillary data packets (Question ITU-R 41/6) (2001) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that digital television broadcasts make use of ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000 MPEG-coded compressed signals; b) that there are economic and operational advantages in handling television signals in compressed form in acquisition and production; c) that unless special steps are taken, the cascading of ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000 MPEG codecs may lead to degradations of picture quality; d) that Recommendation ITU-R BT.1532 and Recommendation ITU-R BT.1550 on MPEG-2 recoding data set for compressed stream format define the data set for near- loss -less cascading based on parameters that can be extracted from the original ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000 MPEG coding parameters in an MPEG decoder; e) that Recommendation ITU-R BT.1364 provides basic formatting on ancillary data in a serial digital video stream; f) that the recoding data set and compressed recoding data set may be carried in a studio as data packets, recommends 1 that the ancillary data formatting described in SMPTE Standard 353M-2000 – Transport of MPEG-2 Recoding Information as Ancillary Data Packets, be used as a method for carrying coding parameter information from an ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000 MPEG decoder to any subsequent re-encoder. Summary of SMPTE Standard 353M-2000 This Standard specifies the mechanism for the transport of MPEG-2 video recoding information as ancillary data packets in an ancillary data space – for example, through Recommendation ITU-R BT.656 and SMPTE 259M interfaces.
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring & Measurement Challenges in the Digital
    Monitoring & Measurement Challenges in The Digital Television Transition Technical Brief With the transition from analog to digital and from standard The highest priority for any operations or engineering group definition (SD) to high definition (HD), there are a variety of is to ensure continuous audio and video feeds that meet or technical challenges which need to be addressed within a exceed quality expectations. This technical brief discusses a facility in order to ensure correct processing of the signal from variety of measurement and monitoring challenges and the ingest to broadcast output. Some of these challenges are the Tektronix solutions that assist in the successful transition, while direct result of new technology deployments. Other challenges enabling increased operational efficiency for both engineering are the result of the need to manage vast amounts of data and and operations teams. support new workflows which have been enabled as a result of technological transitions. Technical Brief At-a-glance benefits provided by Tektronix solutions See & Solve™ CaptureVu™ Do more than just “freeze” the display. CaptureVu stores a complete video frame of data. This data can be viewed with another waveform display and can easily be stored on a USB memory stick. Physical Layer Measurements The SDI Status Display provides a summary of jitter and cable length measurements which clearly indicate the characteristics of the signal. Timing Display The Tektronix patented Timing Display provides a clear indication of the timing relationship between the input signal and the external reference, or between simultaneous SDI input signals (SDI to SDI). 2 www.tektronix.com/video Monitoring & Measurement Challenges in the Digital Television Transition Surround Sound Display An intuitive representation of total volume, dominant sound, phantom source and phase indicators, enabling you to visualize the interaction of the audio channels and efficiently make adjustments.
    [Show full text]
  • Smpte Standard
    Rec. ITU-R BT.1616 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1616 Data stream format for the exchange of DV-based audio, data and compressed video over interfaces complying with Recommendation ITU-R BT.1381 (Question ITU-R 12/6) (2003) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that applications within professional television production and post-production have been identified where DV-based video compression can offer operational and economic advantages when compared to serial digital interface (SDI)-based operations; b) that three data rates have been proposed within the same compression family to serve different applications (25 Mbit/s, 50 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s); c) that the sampling rasters for each of the three applications are different; d) that audio, auxiliary data and metadata elements are integral parts of these applications; e) that these elements are multiplexed into a single data stream for transport and further processing; f) that information exchange will be effected through interfaces complying with Recommendation ITU-R BT.1381 for further post-processing and storage; g) that for interconnection of standard definition and high definition equipment ITU-R recommends the use of Recommendations ITU-R BT.656 and ITU-R BT.1120 respectively; h) that for this purpose, the complex data stream must be formatted before injection into the above interface; j) that this format must also describe the parameters needed for the transmission in faster than real-time modes, recommends 1 that for applications in professional television production and post-production using DV-based compression, the elements contained be formatted according to SMPTE 321M-2002 “Data Stream Format for the Exchange of DV-Based Audio, Data and Compressed Video over a Serial Data Transport Interface”.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Specifications
    Technical Specifications Scope The standards defined in this document apply to all high definition programs, program blocks, commercials, and other high definition television content provided to the English and French networks of Accessible Media Inc. for broadcast. General HD Technical Specifications for Media Delivery Image Format The resolution shall be 1920 x 1080 pixels and compliant with the SMPTE ST 274-2008 standard. The sampling structure shall be 4:2:2 with 10-bit quantizing. These specifications should be preserved as much as possible throughout the complete production process. Frame Rate The Video frame rate shall be 29.97 frames per second, 2:1 interlaced (59.94 fields per second) noted as 29.97i. Any show or program originally shot at another frame rate, such as 23.98p, 25p or 25i shall be made available to Accessible Media Inc converted to 29.97i. Field Dominance The HD interlaced video shall have a field 1 dominance (upper field first). This means that the first field captured, stamped or output is a Field 1. Cuts in material must happen on frame boundaries (i.e. between field 2 and field 1). 3:2 Pulldown (aka 2:3 pulldown) Used to convert from film frame rate (25fps) to NTSC TV frame rate; in AMI’s case - 29.97fps). Active Format Description (AFD) Programs have a mix of full frame 16:9 and up-converted 4:3 aspect ratio materials. These programs are distributed through a TV channel to viewers equipped with 4:3 or 16:9 aspect ratio receivers. To ensure an optimum display of each picture on a given TV receiver, AFD information is inserted by the broadcaster and carried with each program to the TV receiver that will automatically choose the right display format for each material.
    [Show full text]