Minogue Helena
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The Quiet Touch of the Flame the subtle woodfire aesthetics of the ceramics of Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie (1895–1985), Jacqueline Lerat (1920–2009), and Gwyn Hanssen Pigott (1935–2013) Helena (Coll) Minogue Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Art, Aberystwyth University June 2019 Mandatory Layout of Declaration/Statements Word Count of thesis: 85,850 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not bein concurrent! submitted in candidature for an de ree. Candidate name Helena (Coll) Minogue Signature: Date STATEMENT 1 This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwisestated. Where *correction services have been used, the extent and nature of the correction is clearly marked in a footnote(s). Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signature: Date 14th June 2019 [*this refers to the extent to which the text has been corrected by others] STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signature, I Date NB: Candidates on whose behalf a bar on access (hardcopy) has been approvedby the University should use the following version of Statement 2: I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access approved by Aberystwyth University. Signature: Date EXAMINATION OF RESEARCH DEGREE THESIS: ! ! SUMMARY SHEET! ! ! ! "#$%!%&''()*!%#++,!%#-&./!0+!1-'2.+,+/!(3,+)!*-&!#(4+!)+(/!,#+!5&$/(61+!6-,+%7!!"#+! 1-'2.+,+/!%#++,!%#-&./!0+!%&0'$,,+/!0*!*-&!,-!*-&)!8+2(),'+6,9:1#--.9;6%,$,&,+!(,!,#+! ,$'+!-3!%&0'$%%$-6!-3!*-&)!<-)=!(6/!,#+!%&22-),$65!/-1&'+6,(,$-67! ! !!)%*+,+%-./0!"#&*%$.12%$,3'!4%$.! !!>$6-5&+! !!)%*+,+%-./0!25&.*%$.0!6,*!7#338!! !!?+.+6([email protected]!! !!)%*+,+%-.!75&!-9.!:.;&..!57!! !!C#8! !!<=%+.$,=!'.%&!-9.!>5&?!0#@$,--.+!! !!DEFG9DEFH! !!75&!.A%$,*%-,5*! ! "#$$%&'(! Woodfire methodologies with the aim of achieving a wide range of aesthetic outcomes continue to be prevalent within contemporary international ceramics practice. Individual woodfire practices have developed based on choices of materials and processes, and many practitioners are finding in woodfiring a challenging, satisfying, and inspiring endeavour, providing on-going potential for personal expression. This thesis is concerned with aesthetic outcomes resulting from specific approaches to the process of woodfiring, which combined I am terming 'The Quiet Touch of the Flame', a description that I have been using in my published writings for some twenty years. The aesthetic aims and work of three potters and artists that are expressive of this descriptive term, and to which it can appropriately be applied are its central focus. They are Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie, Britain (1895–1985), Jacqueline Lerat, France (1920–2009), and Gwyn Hanssen Pigott, Australia (1935–2013). In the context of this thesis the use of the term 'quiet' extends beyond surface qualities achieved through woodfiring, and also relates to the mood evoked by individual pieces. It is argued that employing original creative approaches to produce innovative ranges of work incorporating woodfire methodologies that resulted in quiet surface effects, the three makers created work that evokes an overall sense of quietness. It is also argued that their influence extended beyond the specialist areas of woodfiring and wood-fired ceramics, into the broader field of contemporary ceramics. The practices of these makers are of significance from other perspectives, including the periods when they began woodfiring and exploring the potential it offered for the development of their work, the kilns that they used, and the research they carried out. There was a pioneering aspect to their involvement, not only in woodfiring, but pottery in general.! This thesis is dedicated to my parents, Helen and John Minogue. Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................................................................. ix List of Figures ..................................................................................................................................................................... xi Notes on Conventions ................................................................................................................................................. xiii Literature Review ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 23 1.1: Background and research rationale ...................................................................................................... 24 1.2: The research question ................................................................................................................................... 26 1.3: Rationale for choice of potters/artists ................................................................................................. 27 1.4: Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................... 33 1.5: Thesis structure ................................................................................................................................................. 39 1.6: Terminology ........................................................................................................................................................ 40 Chapter 2: An Introduction to Woodfiring and Wood-fired Ceramics ...................................... 43 2.1: An explanation of the process of high-temperature woodfiring and some of the factors that differentiate woodfiring from other firing methods .............................. 55 2.2: Some reasons for choosing to woodfire – from the twentieth century to the present day .......................................................................................................................................................... 59 2.3: An overview of the development of high-temperature woodfiring as a process used by studio potters in the West in the twentieth century and the emergence of a range of woodfire methodologies and associated aesthetics ................................... 67 2.4: The subtle wood-fired ceramics and associated aesthetics that are the focus of this thesis and comparison with other genres of wood-fired ceramics .................. 84 2.5: The potential of specific woodfire surfaces to contribute to quietness of mood in ceramic work ............................................................................................................................ 86 2.6: The aesthetics of imperfection and the elements of uncertainty and risk inherent in woodfiring .................................................................................................................................. 89 2.7: Defining woodfiring and wood-fired ceramics as a specialist area within the field of ceramics by process, and the question of whether the aesthetics of wood-fired ceramics are process driven ........................................................................................... 97 2.8: Woodfiring and wood-fired ceramics within some broader contexts ........................... 103 2.9: Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................. 107 v Chapter 3: Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie .......................................................................................................... 109 3.1: Biographical narrative as context for Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work .................... 121 3.2: The formative influences and historical precedents that contributed to the development of Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work ................................................................. 127 3.3: The evolution and reception of Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work 1925–1939 ..... 133 3.4: The capacity of Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work to evoke a sense of quietness ............................................................................................................................................................... 152 3.5: Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work compared to that of her contemporaries ......... 153 3.6: The influence and legacy of Katharine Pleydell-Bouverie's work ...................................... 156 Chapter 4: Jacqueline Lerat ..................................................................................................................................... 163 4.1: Biographical narrative as context for Jacqueline Lerat's work ............................................. 181 4.2: The formative influences and historical precedents that contributed to the development of Jacqueline Lerat's work .......................................................................................... 190 4.3: The evolution and reception of Jacqueline Lerat's work from the early 1990s ........ 197 4.4: How