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Numerical Model of Leachate Recirculation in Bioreactor Landfills
water Article Numerical Model of Leachate Recirculation in Bioreactor Landfills with High Kitchen Waste Content Peng Zhang , Hailong Liu * , Xingyao Jiang, Hao Lv, Chunyi Cui and Zhen Huyan Department of Civil Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; [email protected] (P.Z.); [email protected] (X.J.); [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (Z.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Surface spraying, horizontal trenches, and vertical wells are the most common leachate recirculation system used at landfills in engineering practice. In order to quantify the efficiency of the three aforementioned recirculation systems, a hydro–biochem–mechanical-coupled model was developed in the present work, which can describe hydrodynamic and biochemical behaviors in food-waste-rich landfills. A typical landfill cell was modeled in COMSOL. The results indicate that leachate recirculation can accelerate the decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) with food- rich waste content, relieving acidification, improving gas generation efficiency, and consequently, increasing the early settlement in landfills. Keywords: municipal solid waste; landfill; leachate treatment; coupled model; numerical simulation Citation: Zhang, P.; Liu, H.; Jiang, X.; 1. Introduction Lv, H.; Cui, C.; Huyan, Z. Numerical Disposing of municipal solid waste (MSW) has been a worldwide environmental Model of Leachate Recirculation in issue for decades. Landfilling is a commonly used MSW management method all around Bioreactor Landfills with High the world [1,2]. Due to the biochemical reaction of degradable components in MSW, the Kitchen Waste Content. Water 2021, releasing of polluted leachate and landfill gas will be a long-term process that may take 13, 1750. -
May 12-26, 2019
JEWISH CONGREGATION OF NEW PALTZ PRESENTS theGLORY OF ISRAEL MAY 12-26, 2019 ramon crater tel aviv caesarea ariel sharon park jaffa SUNDAY, MAY 12 - Depart Newark with El Al nonstop flight #26 Visit Tel Aviv’s old city of Jaffa. Continue to the nearby, beautifully to Tel Aviv, leaving at 9:00pm. renovated Tahana (railroad station), with shops and cafes. MONDAY, MAY 13 - TEL AVIV (D) WEDNESDAY, MAY 15 - TEL AVIV (B) Upon arrival at Tel Aviv Ben Gurion Airport at 2:25pm, you will Visit the Ariel Sharon Park, one of the biggest environmental be met by a Ya’lla Tours USA Israel representative and transferred rehabilitation projects in the world. This once polluted land to your hotel for overnight. TAL BY THE BEACH is located just is now a flourishing park and the green lung of the country’s steps away from Metzizim Beach and Tel Aviv’s vibrant port, most densely populated urban region. Start with a short shopping, dining and nightlife areas. www.atlas.co.il/tal-hotel-tel-aviv lecture, followed by a film detailing the change from the Evening: dinner in one of Tel Aviv best restaurants on the beach. most famous garbage hill to a thriving modern green park. Drive to the Ayalon Institute, an underground ammunition TUESDAY, MAY 14 - TEL AVIV (B) factory that operated in 1948 in defiance of the British, You will be met in the hotel lobby by your private guide. Start your who prevented the Jews from buying or manufacturing tour today with an orientation tour of Tel Aviv, the largest and weapons in anticipation of the Arab invasion. -
Bioreactor Landfills: Experimental and Field Results
Waste Management 22 (2002) 7–17 www.elsevier.nl/locate/wasman Bioreactor landfills: experimental and field results Mostafa Warith Ryerson Polytechnic University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3 Received 8 August 2000; received in revised form 29 January 2001; accepted 31 January 2001 Abstract Bioreactor landfills allow a more active landfill management that recognizes the biological, chemical and physical processes involved in a landfill environment. This paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out to determine the effect of solid waste size, leachate recirculation and nutrient balance on the rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) biodegradation. Higher rates of MSW biodegradation eventually cause a reduction of the contaminant life span of the landfill and decrease in the cost of long term monitoring. The study indicated that the smaller the size of the MSW the faster the biodegradation rate of the waste. In addition, the paper presents the results of leachate recirculation on solid waste biodegradation in a full-scale landfill site, which is located in Nepean, Ontario, Canada. The leachate was recirculated into the landfilled solid waste for 8 years through infiltration lagoons. Similar results to those obtained in the laboratory scale experiments were noted. The average pH of the leachate in the early stages of recirculation was on the acidic range of the pH scale, however, the pH value was in the range of 7–8 after 2 years of leachate recirculation. The concentration of chloride remained fairly constant at about 1000 mg/l during the leachate recirculation period. A decreasing trend of the organic load, measured as biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, was observed. -
Joint Technical Document, MSW Landfill B-19, Kettleman Hills
JOINT TECHNICAL DOCUMENT MSW LANDFILL B-19, KETTLEMAN HILLS FACILITY KINGS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA VOLUME 1 OF 2 June 2016 Prepared for: Chemical Waste Management, Inc. 35251 Old Skyline Road Kettleman City, California 93239 Original prepared by: EMCON/OWT, Inc. 1326 North Market Boulevard Sacramento, California 95834-1912 Project No.: 833760.02000000 JOINT TECHNICAL DOCUMENT MSW LANDFILL B-19, KETTLEMAN HILLS FACILITY KINGS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING CERTIFICATION This revision to the JTD was prepared under the supervision and direction of the undersigned. This report was prepared consistent with current and generally accepted geologic and environmental consulting principles and practices that are within the limitations provide herein. Scott Sumner, P.E. Engineering Manager, RCE 49769 B-19 JTD JUNE 2016 ii Table of Contents ________________________________________________ Title Page ............................................ ……………………………………………………………………………... i Professional Engineering Certification ……………………………………………………………………………... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... vii List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................................ vii CalRecycle/SWB Index………………………………………………………………………………………………viii 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... -
Bioreactor Brochure
City of Columbia, Missouri Glossary of Terms Questions? Public Works Department Aerobic: living or existing in the presence of oxygen For more information, visit our web page at Airspace: the available space in a cell where trash is placed www.GoColumbiaMo.com (GoLandfill) or call the for disposal Solid Waste Division at 573-874-6290. BIOREACTOR Anaerobic: living or existing in the absence of free oxygen LANDFILL Bioreactor: a controlled landfill or landfill disposal cell MORE INFO: US EPA where liquid and gas conditions are actively managed in WASTE STABILIZATION order to accelerate or enhance biostabilization of waste GENERAL: http://www.epa.gov/garbage/landfill/bioreactors. Biosolids: treated residuals from wastewater treatment htm facilities The City of Columbia Public Works Cell: a contained area of the landfill where waste is SPECIFIC: deposited http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/nonhw/muncpl/ Department has begun planning for landfill/biowork/index.htm the next sanitary landfill disposal cell. Inorganic: being or composed of matter other than plant As part of this planning process, or animal bioreactor technology is being ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS examined as a means to accelerate LCS: leachate collection system waste biostabilization. We thank the following individuals and Leachate: liquid that filters through MSW organizations for contributions to this brochure. LFG: landfill gas Camp Dresser and McKee Inc. Liner: an engineered impermeable barrier at the bottom of Engineering Consulting Firm the landfill cell to prevent liquid from leaving the landfill University of Missouri Methane: a colorless, odorless, flammable gas produced by Dr. John Bowders decomposition of organic matter Civil Engineering Department MSW: municipal solid waste Organic: relating to or derived from living things (plant or animals), containing carbon compounds City of Columbia Post Closure: covers a regulated (currently 30 years) Public Works Department period after waste is last accepted when the owner is Solid Waste Division financially obligated to maintain the area to the designed P. -
GLOBAL RECYCLING 3/2016 1 | This Issue
The Magazine for 3/2016 Business Opportunities 2. Volume GLOBAL & International Markets RECYCLING Investment Opportuni- ties in Brazil, Page 14 Recycling in Chile: A Promising Start to Close the Loop, Page 17 Waste Management in Australia, Page 20 Israel: (Slowly) Chang- ing by a “Recycling Revolution“, Page 23 global-recycling.info Editorial “Brexit“ and the Potential Implications GLOBAL RECYCLING The Magazine for Business Opportunities & International Markets Since the vote of the UK citizens to leave the European Union, the ‘Brexit’ was an important issue in the British, European ISSN-Print 2365-7928 and international waste and resource management indus- ISSN-Internet 2365-7936 try. You would almost think that the new government of the Publisher: United Kingdom is absolutely determined to implement this MSV Mediaservice & Verlag GmbH decision. If they realize this goal, there will be a huge uncer- Responsible for the Content: tainty in the future, according to experts. Oliver Kürth Editors: David Newman, President of ISWA (International Solid Waste Association), thinks Brigitte Weber (Editor-in-Chief) that Britain may become more isolated and return to the economic decline it had Tel.: +49 (0) 26 43 / 68 39 E-Mail: [email protected] before joining the EU. Furthermore, he sees the risk that some of the remaining countries also want to leave the EU. But there is another aspect: In waste and envi- Dr. Jürgen Kroll ronmental management, policies matter a lot. The industry is driven by regulations, Tel.: +49 (0) 51 51 / 86 92 E-Mail: [email protected] government intervention, government mandated taxation, targets, fines, penal- ties, enforcement. -
Permitting of Landfill Bioreactor Operations: Ten Years After the RD&D Rule
EPA/600/R-14/335| September 2014 | www.epa.gov/ord Permitting of Landfill Bioreactor Operations: Ten Years after the RD&D Rule Office of Research and Development [This page intentionally left blank.] EPA/600/R-14/335 Permitting of Landfill Bioreactor Operations: Ten Years after the RD&D Rule U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division Waste Management Branch Cincinnati Ohio Permitting of Landfill Bioreactor Operations: Ten Years after the RD&D Rule EPA/600/R-14/335 Notice This research was funded by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development (ORD) under the Sustainable and Healthy Communities Research Program. This report was prepared by Geosyntec Consultants of Columbia, Maryland under subcontract to RTI International of Research Triangle, North Carolina. Work was performed in accordance with the Performance Work Statement issued by ORD under Task Order #11 of EPA Contract EP-C-11-036. i Permitting of Landfill Bioreactor Operations: Ten Years after the RD&D Rule EPA/600/R-14/335 Foreword The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting the Nation’s land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human activities and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet this mandate, US EPA’s research program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today and building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely, understand how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future. -
An Environmental Evaluation of Landfill Systems Case Study from Two Landfills in South Sweden
An Environmental Evaluation of Landfill Systems Case Study from Two Landfills in South Sweden Kuang -Ling Hsiao Supervisor Torleif Bramryd Thesis for the fulfilment of the Master of Science in Environmental Science Lund, Sweden, November 2001 ABSTRACT With the increasing environmental cancerns, the demand of waste management is switching from a problem solution to an integrated system of technical, ecological and economical cooperation. The present landfill technologies are the modem landfills, the biocell landfills, and the bioreactor landfills. Though the use of bioreactors techniques, a landfill site is regarded as a biological treatment and therefore is considered to be an alternative for the landfill management. In this study, two landfill sites in south Sweden is addressed for a better understanding of the landfill technologies. The landfill site owned by Sysav Company in Malmö with the modem landfill technology is compared to the other landfill site in Filborna, owned by the Nordvästra Skånes RenhålInings Company, with a bioreactor technology. For a comparison study of the environmental performance by different landfill techniques in each case, an evaluation system is developed. The environmental performance of each case is evaluated with an index consisting of four impact categories, namely air emission, water contamination, ecological impacts and human health risks. A further environmental evaluation is made accordingly. The result of the study shows that both technologies can reach a rather good gas production for energy recovery at present while the bioreactor technology has a better environmental performance campare to the modem landfill technology in a long-term perspective. Moreover, the design of future waste management should not be tied to a single technological solution. -
Bioreactor Landfills – an Innovative Technology for Biostabilization of Municipal Solid Waste
Bioreactor Landfills – An Innovative Technology for Biostabilization of Municipal Solid Waste Nandana Perera, Don Davies, Stantec Consulting Ltd. David van Everdingen, Jasna Hundal, City of Calgary Patrick Hettiaratchi, University of Calgary Outline • Municipal Solid Waste • Waste biostabilization in a landfill • Bioreactor Landfills - Introduction • Conventional vs. Bioreactor Landfills • Case Study – City of Calgary Sustainable Landfill Bio-cell -Design - Construction - Cell filling - Operation/monitoring Municipal Solid Waste • Approximately 70% of the waste currently landfilled is organic - Yard waste (24%), Food waste (20%), Paper (27%) • Up to 75% of MSW generated in the region is disposed to landfills • Decomposition of organic component of MSW in landfills- landfill gas and leachate are generated • Landfills try to reduce impacts from leachate and landfill gas • Conventional landfills use dry tomb approach Waste Biostabilization Phases of MSW Decomposition in a Landfill Bioreactor Landfills – An Introduction • Designed/operated to ensure favourable conditions are created for rapid biodegradation of organic waste, landfills as “treatment vessels” • The most significant factor affecting waste biodegradation - moisture • Leachate recirculation • Operated near the field capacity of the waste • Could be anaerobic, aerobic or a combination Anaerobic Bioreactor Landfill Source: Waste Management Inc. Aerobic Bioreactor Landfill Source: Waste Management Inc. Conventional vs. Bioreactor Landfills • Conventional landfills - “dry tomb” philosophy -
Rehabilitation of the Hiriya Landfill, Tel Aviv
Rehabilitation of the Hiriya Landfill, Tel Aviv Tilman Latz Latz + Partner Landscape Architecture Urban Planning, Kranzberg, Germany [email protected] ri-vista 01 2018 Abstract Hiriya, a closed domestic waste landfill, is situated on the wide river plain in the southeast of Tel Aviv. The impressive landmark is part of the future Ariel Sharon Park. It is getting rehabilitat- seconda serie ed since 2004. Aim is to preserve its captivating silhouette and to develop the landscape of and around the mountain by using construction techniques that take into consideration the waste tip’s instability and make use of local materials whilst incorporating the region’s traditional land uses and specific climatic conditions. The artificial appearance of the landscape and its origins become a part of a positive experience of the site – a convergence of nature and culture. Keywords Landfill Rehabilitation, Stormwater Retention, Resilient Park Landscape, Recycling & Educa- tion, Transformation Received: April 2018 / Accepted: April 2018 © The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with Creative Commons license CC BY-SA 4.0 Firenze University Press. 54 DOI: 10.13128/RV-22991 - www.fupress.net/index.php/ri-vista/ Latz The Hiriya landfill, possibly the largest waste tip in through the centre of the city alongside which rail- the Near East, came to be in 1952 on the site of a way tracks and the Highway 1 and Highway 20 mo- Palestinian village abandoned in the Arab-Israe- torways were aligned. Due to extensive soil sealing li War. It is situated on an agricultural plain in the and the resultant reduction of water retention ca- southeast of Tel Aviv and is encircled by the two pacity within the river catchment area as well as the rivers Ayalon and Shapirim (fig. -
Yolo County Central Landfill
FULL SCALE LANDFILL BIOREACTOR PROJECT AT THE YOLO COUNTY CENTRAL LANDFILL Final Report Principal Author(s) Ramin Yazdani, Assistant Director, Yolo County Public Works, California Jeff Kieffer, Associate Civil Engineer, Yolo County Public Works, California Heather Akau, Junior Engineer, Yolo County Public Works, California Date Report Issued April 2002 CIWMB Award Number IWM-C9050 Name and Address of Submitting Organization Yolo County, Planning and Public Works Department Attn: Ramin Yazdani 292 West Beamer Street Woodland, CA 95695 DISCLAIMER The statements and conclusions of this report are those of the contractor and not necessarily those of the California Integrated Waste Management Board, its employees, or the State of California. The State makes no Warranty, express or implied, and assumes no liability for the information contained in the succeeding text ABSTRACT The Yolo County Department of Planning and Public Works is constructing a full-scale bioreactor landfill as a part of the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Project XL program to develop innovative approaches while providing superior environmental protection. The overall objective is to manage landfill solid waste for rapid waste decomposition, maximum landfill gas generation and capture, and minimum long-term environmental consequences. Waste decomposition is accelerated by improving conditions for either the aerobic or anaerobic biological processes and involves circulating controlled quantities of liquid (leachate, groundwater, gray water, etc.), and, in the aerobic process, large volumes of air. The first phase of the project entails the construction of a 12-acre module that contains a 6-acre anaerobic cell, a 3.5-acre anaerobic cell, and a 2.5-acre aerobic cell at the Yolo County Central Landfill near Davis, California. -
LANDFILL MINING : Institutional Challenges for the Implementation
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Dissertation No. 1799 LANDFILL MINING Institutional challenges for the implementation of resource extraction from waste deposits Nils Johansson Environmental Technology and Management Department of Management and Engineering Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Linköping, 2016 © Nils Johansson, 2016 Landfill mining: Institutional challenges for the implementation of resource extraction from waste deposits Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Dissertations, No. 1799 ISSN: 0345-7524 ISBN: 978-91-7685-657-4 Printed in Sweden by LiU–Tryck, Linköping 2016 Distributed by: Linköping University Department of Management and Engineering SE–581 81 Linköping, Sweden Phone: +46 13 281 000 ABSTRACT Landfill mining is a term to describe the emerging field of exploring and extracting disposed material. The recovery of deposited resources may increase the flows of secondary resources and thereby replace a significant share of the primary production. The extraction of deposited materials may also be integrated with remediation and after care measures, to handle the many problematic landfills. Such unconventional recycling practices are, however, currently limited. The research in the field has mainly focused on technical evaluations of sorting efficiency, economic feasibility, and resource and environmental potential. Other issues of concern to institutions, markets, policy and conflict of interest have received considerably less attention. This thesis consists of five scientific articles that have been synthesized. The overall aim of the thesis is to examine the institutional conditions for the implementation and emergence of landfill mining. This is addressed by three research questions. The first question concerns how policies come into play in a landfill mining operation and its consequences for the implementation and emergence of landfill mining.