Declaration of City of Calgary Ward 8

Clearing the Cloud of Doubt Improving transparency and voter confidence in Alberta’s municipal elections A Submission to the Alberta Local Authorities Election Act Review Scott Hennig Alberta director, Canadian Taxpayers Federation #410-9707-110th St., Edmonton, Alberta T5K 2L9 PH: (780) 448-0159 e-mail: [email protected] web: www.taxpayer.com October 2005 ABOUT THE CANADIAN TAXPAYERS FEDERATION The Canadian Taxpayers Federation (CTF) is a federally incorporated, non-profit and non-partisan, advocacy organization dedicated to lower taxes, less waste and accountable government. The CTF was founded in Saskatchewan in 1990 when the Association of Saskatchewan Taxpayers and the Resolution One Association of Alberta joined forces to create a national taxpayers organization. Today, the CTF has over 72,000 supporters nationwide. The CTF maintains a federal office in Ottawa and offices in the five provincial capitals of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. In addition, the CTF has a Centre for Aboriginal Policy Change in Calgary dedicated to monitor, research and provide alternatives to current aboriginal policy and court decisions. Provincial offices and the Centre conduct research and advocacy activities specific to their provinces or issues in addition to acting as regional organizers of Canada-wide initiatives. CTF offices field hundreds of media interviews each month, hold press conferences and issue regular news releases, commentaries and publications to advocate the common interest of taxpayers. The CTF’s flagship publication, The Taxpayer magazine, is published six times a year. An issues and action update called TaxAction is produced each month. CTF offices also send out weekly Let’s Talk Taxes commentaries to more than 800 media outlets and personalities nationally. CTF representatives speak at functions, make presentations to government, meet with politicians, and organize petition drives, events and campaigns to mobilize citizens to effect public policy change. All CTF staff and board directors are prohibited from holding a membership in any political party. The CTF is independent of any institutional affiliations. Contributions to the CTF are not tax deductible. The CTF’s Alberta office is located in Edmonton at: #410, 9707 – 110 Street Edmonton, AB T5K 2L9 Telephone: 780-448-0159 Facsimile: 780-482-1744 E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.taxpayer.com 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 Introduction 5 Does size matter? 5 CTF Recommendations 7 1. Voter Identification 7 2. Municipal Campaign Finance Reform 8 Contributions 10 Expenditures 12 3. Democratic Reform 16 Conclusion 17 Appendix A – Calgary and Edmonton 2004 campaign surpluses 18 Appendix B – Examples improper disclosure by candidates 20 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Alberta’s municipal electoral process is in need of repair. Low voter turn-out continues to indicate apathy is a serious problem at the municipal level. Voters are growing distanced from their closest level of government, and changes must be made to instil greater voter confidence in the electoral process, and empower voters to take action on issues of importance. The cost of election campaigns in all of Alberta’s municipalities continue to rise and feeding this increase in cost are ever growing contributions. Campaign contribution disclosures are occurring to some extent in only five Alberta municipalities, and only after voters have cast their ballot. Steps must be taken to empower voters through more transparent pre-election disclosure laws. Even with perfect pre-election information, taxpayers should have the right to remove underperforming politicians from office. Municipal recall legislation should be introduced to give the power back to the voters, and ensure politicians are always responsive to their true bosses, the taxpayers. The CTF recommends: 1. It be mandatory for election officers to request an elector to produce at least one piece of photo identification. 2. No candidate be allowed to accept a campaign contribution until such time they are officially nominated as a candidate. 3. No candidate be allowed to accept a contribution after the seventh day prior to Election Day, and a full disclosure of all contributions greater than $300 be publicly declared five days prior to Election Day. 4. A full public disclosure of all expenditures be submitted to the election officer or clerk within 90 days of the election. 5. All campaign surpluses be declared and held in trust for future election campaigns. If the candidate opts not to run for re-election the surplus be donated to a charity. 6. All campaign contributions and expenditures be independently audited and that audit be submitted along with candidate disclosure forms to the election officer or clerk’s office for public disclosure within 90 days of a municipal election. 7. All campaign assets and credits be disclosed and a fair-market value be established. If the value of the assets and credits puts a candidate into a surplus situation, those assets should be held in trust for use only upon next election or auctioned off with the proceeds being held in trust. 8. The municipal term of office not be increased, and remain at three years. 9. Any change to the term of office be approved by provincial referendum. 10. Citizens recall legislation be introduced for the municipal level. 4 INTRODUCTION There are four elected Senators-in-waiting, 28 elected MPs, 83 elected MLAs, countless school board representatives and 1,772i elected municipal officials right now in Alberta. At each level, laws have been created to govern and manage the electoral process. Elections Canada manages the federal election of Members of Parliament. Elections Alberta manages the provincial election of Members of the Legislative Assembly. Using the guidance of the Local Authorities Election Act (LAEA), municipalities manage their own civic elections in Alberta. Unquestionably, the Minister of Municipal Affairs and members of the Local Authorities Election Act Review are aware of the depth of issues relating to the Act and the Canadian Taxpayers Federation (CTF) appreciates the opportunity to provide comments and recommendations as to how Alberta can strengthen the LAEA and empower taxpayers to participate at the local level. In this report, the CTF will be forwarding recommendations promoting democratic reforms, increased transparency, and greater accountability as it pertains to our mandate of democratic reform and our mission to increase accountability. Does size matter? When reviewing the LAEA, one major challenge facing the committee is making recommendations that meet the needs of every municipality, from the smallest summer village to the largest city. The CTF believes the committee would be best served to separate municipalities into categories based on population and apply recommendations only to the appropriate category. Yet there must be some consistency between categories to ensure a municipality does not have an entirely new set of rules when they either increase in population or decrease in population. For the purposes of this submission, the CTF will be breaking Alberta municipalities into three categories. Our recommendations will indicate to which category the recommendation applies. The three categories are as follows: Category 1 – Municipalities with a population above 35,000 Category 2 – Municipalities with a population between 10,000 and 34,999 Category 3 – Municipalities with a population below 10,000 The reason for setting the Category 1 municipalities at populations above 35,000 is because the average population of Alberta’s provincial electoral divisions is 35,951ii. The i Total filled positions calculated from (http://www.municipalaffairs.gov.ab.ca/ms/2004Elected.cfm), October 22, 2005 5 CTF believes election rules for MLAs and MPs are significantly more comprehensive than those of most municipalities in this category, yet the populations are comparable (although both the provincial and federal election provisions could stand be strengthened as well). While the LAEA sets out the rules for other local elections, most notably school board elections, the CTF has chosen not to make separate recommendations for school board elections. For the purpose of this submission, please consider school boards to fall within the same category as those municipalities with populations below 10,000 (Category 3). ii Average population number at time of Electoral Boundary Commission final report (http://www.altaebc.ab.ca/finalreport.html) 6 CTF RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Voter Identification Voter identification is a double edged sword. Some claim requiring a voter to show identification disenfranchises those people who do not have or cannot afford identification. Others suggest not requiring a voter to show identification puts the validity of the election result into question, thereby reducing voter confidence in the entire electoral process. The CTF believes the validity of election results are just as important as ensuring every eligible citizen has a reasonable opportunity to cast their vote. When individuals who are not eligible to vote, illegally cast a ballot in a municipal election, it calls in to question the validity of the entire process. It also could lead to an incorrect result. If an election were close enough to be decided by a handful of votes, the decision might presumably rest on the judgement of a few unclear ballots. Yet the true deciding factor might have been whether all of those who cast ballots were indeed eligible to

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