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The Protean Nature of the Fifth Republic Institutions (Duverger)
University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap This paper is made available online in accordance with publisher policies. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item and our policy information available from the repository home page for further information. To see the final version of this paper please visit the publisher’s website. Access to the published version may require a subscription. Author(s): Ben Clift Article Title: The Fifth Republic at Fifty: The Changing Face of French Politics and Political Economy Year of publication: 2008 Link to published article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639480802413322 Publisher statement: This is an electronic version of an article published in Clift, B. (2008). The Fifth Republic at Fifty: The Changing Face of French Politics and Political Economy. Modern & Contemporary France, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 383-.398. Modern & Contemporary France is available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/cmcf20/16/4 Modern and Contemporary France Special Issue - Introduction Dr. Ben Clift Senior Lecturer in Political Economy, Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK Email: [email protected] web: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/staff/clift/ The Fifth Republic at Fifty: The Changing Face of French Politics and Political Economy. At its inception, a time of great political upheaval in France, it was uncertain whether the new regime would last five years, let alone fifty. The longevity of the regime is due in part to its flexibility and adaptability, which is a theme explored both below and in all of the contributions to this special issue. -
Israel's National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict
Leap of Faith: Israel’s National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict Middle East Report N°147 | 21 November 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iv I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Religious Zionism: From Ascendance to Fragmentation ................................................ 5 A. 1973: A Turning Point ................................................................................................ 5 B. 1980s and 1990s: Polarisation ................................................................................... 7 C. The Gaza Disengagement and its Aftermath ............................................................. 11 III. Settling the Land .............................................................................................................. 14 A. Bargaining with the State: The Kookists ................................................................... 15 B. Defying the State: The Hilltop Youth ........................................................................ 17 IV. From the Hills to the State .............................................................................................. -
Final Communique
ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF COMMUNAUTE ECONOMIQUE WEST AFRICAN STATES DES ETATS DE L'AFRIQUE ^ DE L'OUEST WENTY SIXTH SESSION OF THE AUTHORITY OF HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT Dakar, 31 January 2003 Final Communique • J/v^ u'\ Final Communique of the 26m Session of the Authority Page 1 1. The twenty sixth ordinary session of the Authority of Heads of State and Government of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), washeid in Dakar on 31 January 2003. underthe Chairmanship of His Excellency Maitre Abdoulave Wade, President of the Republic of Senegal, and current Chairman of ECOWAS. 2. The following Heads of State and Government or their duly accredited representatives were present at the session: His Excellency Mathieu Kerekou President of the Republic of Benin His Excellency John Agyekum Kufuor President of the Republic of Ghana His Excellency Koumba Yaila President of the Republic of Guinea Bissau His Excellency Charles Gankay Iayior President of the Republic of Liberia His Excellency Amadou Toumani Toure President of the Republic of Mali His Excellency Mamadou Tandja President of the Republic of Niger His Excellency Olusegun Obasanic President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria His Excellency Abdoulaye Wade President of the Republic of Senegal His Excellency General Gnassingbe Eyadem; President of the Togolese Republic Y-\er Excellency, isatou Njie-Saidy Vice-President of the Republic a The Gambia Representing the President of the Republic His Excellency Ernest Paramanga Yonli Prime Minister . \ Representing the President of Faso \ Final Communique ofthe 26m Session of the Authority Paae 2 His Excellency Lamine Sidime Prime Minister of the Republic of Guinea Representing the President of the Republic Mrs Fatima Veiga Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Representing the President of Cabo Verde Mr. -
Why the Changes, and Why Now?
Why the changes, and why now? The upcoming Cabinet reshufe on May 15 comes earlier in the Government’s term than normal, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said yesterday. Below are his explanations for the various movements. On Mr Heng Swee Keat relinquishing Finance: On moving Mr Chan Chun Sing from As I announced two weeks Relinquishing Finance will Trade and Industry to Education: ago, Heng Swee Keat will free him to concentrate continue as Deputy Prime more on the Chun Sing has done an excellent job Minister and Coordinating whole-of-government getting our economy back on track, and Minister for Economic economic agenda, including preparing our industries and Policies. He will also chairing the Future companies to respond to structural continue to oversee the Economy Council, and changes in the global economy. This Strategy Group within the incorporating the has been a major national priority. Now Prime Minister’s Ofce, recommendations of the I am sending him to Education, where which coordinates our Emerging Stronger he will build on the work of previous policies and plans across Taskforce into the work of education ministers, to improve our the Government, as well as the council. He will also education system to bring out the best the National Research continue to co-chair the in every child and student, and develop Foundation. As Finance Joint Council for Bilateral young Singaporeans for the future. Minister, Swee Keat has Cooperation (JCBC), Nurturing people is quite different from carried a heavy burden, together with PRC (People’s growing the economy or mobilising especially during Covid-19 Republic of China) unions. -
Report of the Joint Study Group for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA)
Report of the Joint Study Group for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the Republic of Turkey and Japan Contents Chapter 1:Background......................................................................................1 Chapter 2:Overview..........................................................................................2 (1)General Aspects..............................................................................................2 (2)Current Situation and Future Perspectives of Bilateral Trade………………….6 (3)Current Situation regarding Bilateral Investment.............................................8 (4)Current Situation on Agricultural Issues...........................................................9 Chapter 3:Summary of Discussions..................................................................10 (1)Trade in Goods..............................................................................................11 (2)Rules of Origin...............................................................................................12 (3)Customs Procedures.....................................................................................13 (4)Trade in Services...........................................................................................13 (5)Investment.....................................................................................................14 (6)Electronic Commerce....................................................................................15 (7)Technical Barriers to Trade............................................................................15 -
'The Left's Views on Israel: from the Establishment of the Jewish State To
‘The Left’s Views on Israel: From the establishment of the Jewish state to the intifada’ Thesis submitted by June Edmunds for PhD examination at the London School of Economics and Political Science 1 UMI Number: U615796 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615796 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 F 7377 POLITI 58^S8i ABSTRACT The British left has confronted a dilemma in forming its attitude towards Israel in the postwar period. The establishment of the Jewish state seemed to force people on the left to choose between competing nationalisms - Israeli, Arab and later, Palestinian. Over time, a number of key developments sharpened the dilemma. My central focus is the evolution of thinking about Israel and the Middle East in the British Labour Party. I examine four critical periods: the creation of Israel in 1948; the Suez war in 1956; the Arab-Israeli war of 1967 and the 1980s, covering mainly the Israeli invasion of Lebanon but also the intifada. In each case, entrenched attitudes were called into question and longer-term shifts were triggered in the aftermath. -
JABOTINSKY on CANADA and the Unlted STATES*
A CASE OFLIMITED VISION: JABOTINSKY ON CANADA AND THE UNlTED STATES* From its inception in 1897, and even earlier in its period of gestation, Zionism has been extremely popular in Canada. Adherence to the movement seemed all but universal among Canada's Jews by the World War I era. Even in the interwar period, as the flush of first achievement wore off and as the Canadian Jewish community became more acclimated, the movement in Canada functioned at a near-fever pitch. During the twenties and thirties funds were raised, acculturatedJews adhered toZionism with some settling in Palestine, and prominent gentile politicians publicly supported the movement. The contrast with the United States was striking. There, Zionism got a very slow start. At the outbreak of World War I only one American Jew in three hundred belonged to the Zionist movement; and, unlike Canada, a very strong undercurrent of anti-Zionism emerged in the Jewish community and among gentiles. The conversion to Zionism of Louis D. Brandeis-prominent lawyer and the first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court-the proclamation of the Balfour Declaration, and the conquest of Palestine by the British gave Zionism in the United States a significant boost during the war. Afterwards, however, American Zionism, like the country itself, returned to "normalcy." Membership in the movement plummeted; fundraising languished; potential settlers for Palestine were not to be found. One of the chief impediments to Zionism in America had to do with the nature of the relationship of American Jews to their country. Zionism was predicated on the proposition that Jews were doomed to .( 2 Michuel Brown be aliens in every country but their own. -
The Role of Ultra-Orthodox Political Parties in Israeli Democracy
Luke Howson University of Liverpool The Role of Ultra-Orthodox Political Parties in Israeli Democracy Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy By Luke Howson July 2014 Committee: Clive Jones, BA (Hons) MA, PhD Prof Jon Tonge, PhD 1 Luke Howson University of Liverpool © 2014 Luke Howson All Rights Reserved 2 Luke Howson University of Liverpool Abstract This thesis focuses on the role of ultra-orthodox party Shas within the Israeli state as a means to explore wider themes and divisions in Israeli society. Without underestimating the significance of security and conflict within the structure of the Israeli state, in this thesis the Arab–Jewish relationship is viewed as just one important cleavage within the Israeli state. Instead of focusing on this single cleavage, this thesis explores the complex structure of cleavages at the heart of the Israeli political system. It introduces the concept of a ‘cleavage pyramid’, whereby divisions are of different saliency to different groups. At the top of the pyramid is division between Arabs and Jews, but one rung down from this are the intra-Jewish divisions, be they religious, ethnic or political in nature. In the case of Shas, the religious and ethnic elements are the most salient. The secular–religious divide is a key fault line in Israel and one in which ultra-orthodox parties like Shas are at the forefront. They and their politically secular counterparts form a key division in Israel, and an exploration of Shas is an insightful means of exploring this division further, its history and causes, and how these groups interact politically. -
Paths in Education
Introduction ................................................................................... 461 The Knesset ................................................................................... 461 The parties ..................................................................................... 462 The budget ..................................................................................... 467 The local authorities....................................................................... 469 The professional organizations (Teachers' Unions) ....................... 470 The parents..................................................................................... 476 The Academy ................................................................................. 483 The Media ...................................................................................... 487 The State Comptroller .................................................................... 488 Chapter Five: Events that occurred in the Israeli education system and illustrate the policy-making processes .............. 489 Introduction ................................................................................... 489 Problems within the area of social integration in education ........... 489 Integration versus differentiation ................................................... 505 Education in the developmental areas ............................................ 514 The phenomenon of "Bussing" ...................................................... 526 Local government -
The Labor Party and the Peace Camp
The Labor Party and the Peace Camp By Uzi Baram In contemporary Israeli public discourse, the preoccupation with ideology has died down markedly, to the point that even releasing a political platform as part of elections campaigns has become superfluous. Politicians from across the political spectrum are focused on distinguishing themselves from other contenders by labeling themselves and their rivals as right, left and center, while floating around in the air are slogans such as “political left,” social left,” “soft right,” “new right,” and “mainstream right.” Yet what do “left” and “right” mean in Israel, and to what extent do these slogans as well as the political division in today’s Israel correlate with the political traditions of the various parties? Is the Labor Party the obvious and natural heir of The Workers Party of the Land of Israel (Mapai)? Did the historical Mapai under the stewardship of Ben Gurion view itself as a left-wing party? Did Menachem Begin’s Herut Party see itself as a right-wing party? The Zionist Left and the Soviet Union As far-fetched as it may seem in the eyes of today’s onlooker, during the first years after the establishment of the state, the position vis-à-vis the Soviet Union was the litmus test of the left camp, which was then called “the workers’ camp.” This camp viewed the centrist liberal “General Zionists” party, which was identified with European liberal and middle-class beliefs in private property and capitalism, as its chief ideological rival (and with which the heads of major cities such as Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan were affiliated). -
Mission Report
International Press Freedom and Freedom of Expression Mission to the Maldives A Vibrant Media Under Pressure: An Independent Assessment of Press Freedom in the Maldives July 2006 Contributing Organisations: Article XIX Reporters without Borders (RSF) International Media Support (IMS) International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) South Asia Press Commission (SAPC) The findings in this report are based on a joint assessment mission to the Maldives in May 2006 19 July 2006 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2. Background and Media Landscape 3. Intimidation and Harassment 4. House Arrest and Detention 5. Media Law Reforms 6. Recommendations Acroymns and Terminology AP Justice Party/ Adaalath Party Dhivehi Official language of the Maldives DRP Dhivehi Raiyyethunge Party (Maldivian Peoples Party) HRCM Human Rights Commission of the Maldives IDP Islamic Democratic Party Majlis Parliament/ Assembly MDP Maldivian Democratic Party MNDF Maldivian National Defence Force MP Member of Parliament NSS National Security Service of the Maldives SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Special Majlis Constitutional Parliament/ Assembly UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNHCHR United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights This report is being made publicly available in the interests of sharing information and enhancing coordination amongst freedom of expression, press freedom and media support actors. All information presented in this report is based on interviews and written contributions provided to the mission members during April and May 2006 and should be independently rechecked by any party seeking to use it as a basis for comment or action. The mission team welcomes all feedback and suggestions from organisations or individuals about the report, which can be sent to the participating organisations (please see contact details at the end of the report). -
The Definitive Guide to Cybersecurity in Singapore
The Definitive Guide to Cybersecurity in Singapore 4 Things You Need to Know About the New Singapore Cybersecurity Bill Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 History of Cybersecurity Legislation in Singapore 4-6 Need for Legislation 7-8 Objectives of the Omnibus Bill 9 The Key Parts of the Proposed Legislation 10-12 How Resolve Systems Can Help 13 Conclusion 14 About Us and References 15 Glossary Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA) - Formed in April 2015 under the Prime Minister’s Office, it is the national encag y overseeing cybersecurity strategy, operations, education, outreach, and ecosystem development. Critical Information Infrastructures (CII) – A computer or computer system necessary for continuous delivery of essential services which Singapore relies on; the loss or compromise of which will lead to a debilitating impact on national security, defense, foreign relations, economy, public health, public safety, or public order of Singapore. Computer Misuse and Cybersecurity Act (CMCA) - An Act for securing computer material against unauthorized access or modification. Provides authority to measure and ensure cybersecurity. National Cyber Security Center (NCSC) – Monitors and analyzes cyber threat landscape to maintain cyber situational awareness and anticipate future threats. Ministry of Communications and Information (MCI) – Oversees the development of the infocomm media, cybersecurity, and design sectors of Singapore. Who’s Who in Singapore Mr. Lee Hsien Loong - Prime Minister of Singapore Mr. David Koh – Singapore’s Defense Cyber Chief leading Defense Cyber Organization Mr. Teo Chee Hean - Deputy Prime Minister and Coordinating Minister for National Security Dr. Yaacob Ibrahim - Minister for Communications and Information; Minister-in-charge of Cyber Security Executive Summary Singapore is a highly digitized country and is only becoming more so as they expand upon their goal of being a Smart Nation.