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Pramoedya's Developing Literary Concepts- by Martina Heinschke
Between G elanggang and Lekra: Pramoedya's Developing Literary Concepts- by Martina Heinschke Introduction During the first decade of the New Order, the idea of the autonomy of art was the unchallenged basis for all art production considered legitimate. The term encompasses two significant assumptions. First, it includes the idea that art and/or its individual categories are recognized within society as independent sub-systems that make their own rules, i.e. that art is not subject to influences exerted by other social sub-systems (politics and religion, for example). Secondly, it entails a complex of aesthetic notions that basically tend to exclude all non-artistic considerations from the aesthetic field and to define art as an activity detached from everyday life. An aesthetics of autonomy can create problems for its adherents, as a review of recent occidental art and literary history makes clear. Artists have attempted to overcome these problems by reasserting social ideals (e.g. as in naturalism) or through revolt, as in the avant-garde movements of the twentieth century which challenged the aesthetic norms of the autonomous work of art in order to relocate aesthetic experience at a pivotal point in relation to individual and social life.* 1 * This article is based on parts of my doctoral thesis, Angkatan 45. Literaturkonzeptionen im gesellschafipolitischen Kontext (Berlin: Reimer, 1993). I thank the editors of Indonesia, especially Benedict Anderson, for helpful comments and suggestions. 1 In German studies of literature, the institutionalization of art as an autonomous field and its aesthetic consequences is discussed mainly by Christa Burger and Peter Burger. -
Ambiguitas Hak Kebebasan Beragama Di Indonesia Dan Posisinya Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Ambiguitas Hak Kebebasan Beragama di Indonesia dan Posisinya Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi M. Syafi’ie Pusat Studi HAM UII Jeruk Legi RT 13, RW 35, Gang Bakung No 157A, Bangutapan, Bantul Email: syafi[email protected] Naskah diterima: 9/9/2011 revisi: 12/9/2011 disetujui: 14/9/2011 Abstrak Hak beragama merupakan salah satu hak yang dijamin dalam UUD 1945 dan beberapa regulasi tentang hak asasi manusia di Indonesia. Pada pasal 28I ayat 1 dinyatakan bahwa hak beragama dinyataNan seEagai haN yang tidaN dapat diNurang dalam keadaan apapun, sama halnya dengan hak hidup, hak untuk tidak disiNsa, haN NemerdeNaan piNiran dan hati nurani, haN untuk tidak diperbudak, hak untuk diakui sebagai pribadi di hadapan huNum, dan haN untuN tidaN dituntut atas dasar huNum yang berlaku surut. Sebagai salah satu hak yang tidak dapat dikurangi, maNa haN Eeragama semestinya EerlaNu secara universal dan non disNriminasi.TerEelahnya Maminan terhadap haN NeEeEasan beragama di tengah maraknya kekerasan yang atas nama agama mendorong beberapa /60 dan tokoh demokrasi untuk melakukan judicial review terhadap UU No. 1/PNPS/1965 tentang Pencegahan 3enyalahgunaan dan atau 3enodaan Agama. 8ndang-8ndang terseEut dianggap Eertentangan dengan Maminan haN Eeragama yang tidak bisa dikurangi dalam keadaan apapun. Dalam konteks tersebut, Mahkamah Konstitusi menolak seluruhnya permohonan judicial review 88 terseEut, walaupun terdapat disenting opinion dari salah satu hakim konstitusi. Pasca putusan Mahkamah Konsitusi, Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 8, Nomor 5, Oktober 2011 ISSN 1829-7706 identitas hak beragama di Indonesia menjadi lebih terang, yaitu bisa dikurangi dan dibatasi. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak menjadi kabar gembira bagi para pemohon, karena UU. No. 1/ PNPS/1965 bagi mereka adalah salah alat kelompok tertentu untuk membenarkan kekerasan atas nama agama kontemporer. -
Epistemologi Intuitif Dalam Resepsi Estetis H.B. Jassin Terhadap Al-Qur'an
Epistemologi Intuitif dalam Resepsi Estetis H.B. Jassin terhadap Al-Qur’an Fadhli Lukman1 Abstract This article discusses two projects of well-known literary critic H.B. Jassin on the Qur’an. Jassin’s great career in literary criticism brought him to the domain of al-Qur’an, with his translation of the Qur’an Al-Qur’anul Karim Bacaan Mulia and his rearrangement of the writing of the Qur’an into poetic makeup. Using descriptive and analytical methods, this article concludes that the two works of H.B. Jassin came out of his aesthetic reception of the Qur’an. Epistemologically, these two kinds of reception are the result of Jassin intuitive senses, which he nourished for a long period. Abstrak Artikel ini membincang dua proyek sastrawan kenamaan Indonesia, H.B. Jassin, seputar Al-Qur’an. Karir besar Jassin dalam sastra mengantarkannya kepada ranah al-Qur’an, dengan karya terjemahan berjudul Al-Qur’anul Karim Bacaan Mulia dan penulisan mushaf berwajah puisi. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis, artikel ini berakhir pada kesimpulan bahwa kedua karya H.B Jassin merupakan resepsi estetisnya terhadap Al-Qur’an. Berkaitan dengan epistemologi, kedua bentuk resepsi ini merupakan hasil dari pengetahuan intuitif Jassin yang ia asah dalam waktu yang panjang. Keywords: resepsi estetis, epistemologi intuitif, sastra, shi‘r 1Mahasiswa Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta/Alumnus Pondok Pesantren Sumatera Thawalib Parabek. E-mail: [email protected] Journal of Qur’a>n and H}adi@th Studies – Vol. 4, No. 1, (2015): 37-55 Fadhli Lukman Pendahuluan Sebagai sebuah kitab suci, al-Qur’an mendapatkan resepsi yang luar biasa besar dari penganutnya. -
Final Forma 01.Ai
Mr. S M Aminur Rahman CEO & Managing Director Mr. S M Aminur Rahman hails from Sonargaon, under Narayangonj district. After completion of MBA from Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of Dhaka in 1973, he started his banking career as a Senior Officer in Sonali Bank in 1976. Mr. Rahman is a well reputed progressive and dynamic banker. He has outstanding contribution in promoting the banking sector. Presently he is the chairman of BAFEDA (Bangladesh Foreign Exchange Dealers' Association), Administration & Finance Committee of IBB (Institute of Bankers Bangladesh), Audit Committee of IIDFC (Industrial and Infrastructure Development Company Limited) and JEC (Janata Exchange Company srl), Italy. Besides he is also the director of BCBL (Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited), ICB (Investment Corporation of Bangladesh), JCIL (Janata Capital and Investment Limited), PDBL (Primary Dealers Bangladesh Limited) and IIDFC; Member of governing board of BIBM (Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management) and IBB (Institute of Bankers Bangladesh); Fellow Member of IBB and Committee Member of the Bretton Woods Committee, USA. He is also serving as an adjunct faculty in the department of business administration, East West University. Mr. Rahman was the Managing Director of the then Janata Bank and Sonali Bank and director of CDBL (Central Depository Bangladesh Limited). He is a Diplomaed Associate of the Institute of Bankers' Bangladesh and attended training on Small Scale Business Financing in India sponsored by the World Bank. Also attended seminar on Foreign Exchange Orientation in Newyork and workshop on correspondent banking in London. Also attended seminar on EURO & International Bankers, Newyork, USA. Attended workshop on International Banker's Seminar, Newyork and seminar for Executive in Newyork. -
Bioremediation of Toxic Metals for Protecting Human Health and the Ecosystem
Bioremediation of Toxic Metals for Protecting Human Health and the Ecosystem Dedicated To My parents We won't have a society if we destroy the environment. ―Margaret Mead (1901-1978) Örebro Studies in Life Science 15 AMINUR RAHMAN Bioremediation of Toxic Metals for Protecting Human Health and the Ecosystem © Aminur Rahman, (2016) Title: Bioremediation of Toxic Metals for Protecting Human Health and the Ecosystem Publisher: Örebro University (2016) www.publications.oru.se Print: Örebro University, Repro 08/2016 ISSN 1653-3100 ISBN 978-91-7529-146-8 Abstract Aminur Rahman (2016): Bioremediation of Toxic Metals for Protecting Human Health and the Ecosystem. Örebro Studies in Life Science 15. Heavy metal pollutants, discharged into the ecosystem as waste by anthro- pogenic activities, contaminate drinking water for millions of people and animals in many regions of the world. Long term exposure to these metals, leads to several lethal diseases like cancer, keratosis, gangrene, diabetes, car- dio-vascular disorders, etc. Therefore, removal of these pollutants from soil, water and environment is of great importance for human welfare. One of the possible eco-friendly solutions to this problem is the use of microorgan- isms that can accumulate the heavy metals from the contaminated sources, hence reducing the pollutant contents to a safe level. In this thesis an arsenic resistant bacterium Lysinibacillus sphaericus B1- CDA, a chromium resistant bacterium Enterobacter cloacae B2-DHA and a nickel resistant bacterium Lysinibacillus sp. BA2 were isolated and stud- ied. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of these isolates are 500 mM sodium arsenate, 5.5 mM potassium chromate and 9 mM nickel chlo- ride, respectively. -
Analysis on Performing Theatrical Performance Matinya Seorang Pahlawan (1992) for Non - Malay Speakers in London
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 1 1 , No. 14, Special Issue: Contemporary Business and Humanities Landscape Towards Sustainability, 2021, E-ISSN: 2222-6990 © 2021 HRMARS Analysis on Performing Theatrical Performance Matinya Seorang Pahlawan (1992) For Non - Malay Speakers in London Abdul Walid Ali, Muhammad Qawiem Hamizan To Link this Article: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i14/8941 DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i14/8941 Received: 21 December 2020, Revised: 25 January 2021, Accepted: 27 February 2021 Published Online: 19 March 2021 In-Text Citation: (Ali & Hamizan, 2021) To Cite this Article: Ali, A. W., & Hamizan, M. Q. (2021). Analysis on Performing Theatrical Performance Matinya Seorang Pahlawan (1992) For Non - Malay Speakers in London. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(14), 330-336. Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com) This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode Special Issue: Contemporary Business and Humanities Landscape Towards Sustainability, 2021, Pg. 330 – 336 http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/IJARBSS JOURNAL HOMEPAGE Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/publication-ethics 330 International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. -
International Communication Research Journal
International Communication Research Journal NON-PROFIT ORG. https://icrj.pub/ U.S. POSTAGE PAID [email protected] FORT WORTH, TX Department of Journalism PERMIT 2143 Texas Christian University 2805 S. University Drive TCU Box 298060, Fort Worth Texas, 76129 USA Indexed and e-distributed by: EBSCOhost, Communication Source Database GALE - Cengage Learning International Communication Research Journal Vol. 54, No. 2 . Fall 2019 Research Journal Research Communication International ISSN 2153-9707 ISSN Vol. 54, No. 2 54,No. Vol. Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication inJournalismandMass Education for Association A publication of the International Communication Divisionofthe Communication of theInternational A publication . Fall 2019 Fall International Communication Research Journal A publication of the International Communication Division, Association for Education in Journalism & Mass Communication (AEJMC) Editor Uche Onyebadi Texas Christian University Associate Editors Editorial Consultant Ngozi Akinro Yong Volz Wayne Wanta Website Design & Maintenance Editorial University of Florida Texas Wesleyan University Missouri School of Journalism Editorial Assistant Book Review Editor Jennifer O’Keefe Zhaoxi (Josie) Liu Texas Christian University Editorial Advisory Board Jatin Srivastava, Lindita Camaj, Mohammed Al-Azdee, Ammina Kothari, Jeannine Relly, Emily Metzgar, Celeste Gonzalez de Bustamante, Yusuf Kalyango Jr., Zeny Sarabia-Panol, Margaretha Geertsema-Sligh, Elanie Steyn Editorial Review Board Adaobi Duru Gulilat Menbere Tekleab Mark Walters University of Louisiana, USA Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan Ammina Kothari Herman Howard Mohamed A. Satti Rochester Institute of Technology, USA Angelo State University, USA American University of Kuwait, Kuwait Amy Schmitz Weiss Ihediwa Samuel Chibundu Nazmul Rony San Diego State University USA Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Slippery Rock University, USA Anantha S. -
Kunapipi 32 (1&2) 2010 Full Version
Kunapipi Volume 32 Issue 2 Article 1 2010 Kunapipi 32 (1&2) 2010 Full Version Anne Collett University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Collett, Anne, Kunapipi 32 (1&2) 2010 Full Version, Kunapipi, 32(2), 2010. Available at:https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol32/iss2/1 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Kunapipi 32 (1&2) 2010 Full Version Abstract Full text of issue. For individual articles see: ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol32/iss1/ This full issue is available in Kunapipi: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol32/iss2/1 JournalKUNAPIPI of Postcolonial Writing & Culture VOLUME XXXII NUMBER 1–2 2010 ii Kunapipi is a biannual arts magazine with special but not exclusive emphasis on the new literatures written in English. It aims to fulfil the requirements T.S. Eliot believed a journal should have: to introduce the work of new or little known writers of talent, to provide critical evaluation of the work of living authors, both famous and unknown, and to be truly international. It publishes creative material and criticism. Articles and reviews on related historical and sociological topics plus film will also be included as well as graphics and photographs. The editor invites creative and scholarly contributions. The editorial board does not necessarily endorse any political views expressed by its contributors. Manuscripts should be double-spaced with notes gathered at the end, and should conform to the Harvard (author-date) system. -
The Twelve and Thirteen Malaysian National Laureate
Journal of Travel, Tourism and Recreation Volume 1, Issue 2, 2019, PP 45-46 ISSN 2642-908X The Twelve and Thirteen Malaysian National Laureate Dr. Uqbah Iqbal1* 1Socioeconomic Researcher, Research for Social Advancement, Malaysia *Corresponding Author: Dr. Uqbah Iqbal, Socioeconomic Researcher, Research for Social Advancement, Malaysia, Email: [email protected] Dato' Dr. Baharuddin Zainal or Baha Zain was Datuk Dr. Zurinah Hassan (June 13, 1949 -) is born on May 22, 1939 in Hutan Melintang, one of the poets and figures of the Malaysian Perak, Malaysia. He is a famous writer, poet and National Laureate. She was born in Bakar Bata, intellectual figure. He was awarded the 12th Alor Setar, Kedah, and has produced a total of Malaysian National Laureate in 2013. His 19 poetry anthology books, poetry anthologies, poetry works have been translated into English, literary studies, autobiographies, memoir, Korean, German, Russian, Mandarin and anthology novels and novels. Zurinah Hassan Spanish. His early education at Sabak Bernam initially composed poetry on a part-time basis, before entering Anglo-Chinese School, Teluk before deciding to resign to fulfill the full-time Anson, Perak. Then entered the form six at desire for work that has been disturbed due to Anderson School, Ipoh. He continued studies at workload. the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (1960- Zurinah Hassan works and appreciates the 1963) and the Faculty of Arts, University of beauty of nature in the form of writing since the Indonesia, Jakarta (1970-72). His interest in the age of 12 years. Zurinah also tried to highlight field of writing began in high school (1956- the universal question in his writings including 1959). -
Al-Qur'a>N Al-Kari>M Bacaan Mulia Karya H.B. Jassin)
KUTUB ARTISTIK DAN ESTETIK AL-QUR’A>N (Kajian Resepsi atas Terjemahan Surat al-Rah}ma>n dalam Al-Qur’a>n Al-Kari>m Bacaan Mulia Karya H.B. Jassin) Oleh: Muhammad Aswar NIM. 1420510081 TESIS Diajukan kepada Program Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Magister dalam Ilmu Agama Islam Program Studi Agama dan Filsafat Konsentrasi Studi Qur’an Hadis YOGYAKARTA 2018 ii iii iv v vi MOTTO “Musik muncul dalam masyarakat bersamaan dengan munculnya peradaban; dan akan hilang dari tengah masyarakat ketika peradaban mundur.” ~ Ibn Khaldun ~ vii Untuk istriku, Hilya Rifqi dan Najma, anak-anakku tercinta Dari mana tanganmu belajar menggenggam? viii PEDOMAN TRANSLITERASI ARAB-LATIN Transliterasi adalah kata-kata Arab yang dipakai dalam penyusunan skripsi ini berpedoman pada surat Keputusan Bersama Menteri Agama dan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, Nomor 158 Tahun 1987 dan Nomor 0543b/U/1987. I. Konsonan Tunggal Huruf Nama Huruf Latin Nama Arab Alif Tidak dilambangkan Tidak dilambangkan ا ba‘ b be ة ta' t te ت (s\a s\ es (dengan titik di atas ث Jim j je ج (h}a‘ h{ ha (dengan titik di bawah ح kha’ kh ka dan ha خ Dal d de د (z\al z\ zet (dengan titik di atas ذ ra‘ r er ر Zai z zet ز Sin s es ش Syin sy es dan ye ش (s}ad s} es (dengan titik di bawah ص (d{ad d{ de (dengan titik di bawah ض (t}a'> t} te (dengan titik di bawah ط (z}a' z} zet (dengan titik di bawah ظ (ain ‘ koma terbalik ( di atas‘ ع Gain g ge غ ix fa‘ f ef ف Qaf q qi ق Kaf k ka ك Lam l el ه Mim m em ً Nun n en ُ Wawu w we و ha’ h H هـ Hamzah ’ apostrof ء ya' y Ye ي II. -
The Country and the Cities
3 The country and the cities Adrian Vickers The movement of workers continues unabated, but has taken different forms in recent decades. As you read this, millions of people are travelling between coun- tries for work, some legally, some illegally. Many of these travellers are women who will become maids for a period of perhaps two years. Those coming from Southeast Asia are increasingly moving to the major cities of their region, espe- cially Singapore and Hong Kong. In tracking the shifting patterns of movement for work, we need to understand the combination of mental and material elements of that movement. We need to see their movement as a type of ‘mobility’ between related sites and social positions, rather than having the permanency implied in the term ‘migration’. Thus what was once called ‘internal’ migration needs to be seen as part of a larger pattern of mobility that launches people into transnational movement for work. Indonesia provides those who travel with a wealth of historical experience on which to draw. As a major source-country of those who move it has a long rural his- tory. Considered ‘rural’ throughout the twentieth century, by the end of that century the whole of Indonesia’s central island of Java had reached a level of population density that demographers usually regard as ‘urban’. Those who move might come from rural areas of Java or other islands, and before they leave the country they make at least one intermediate move to one of Indonesia’s principal cities. Some return from these Indonesian cities or the overseas cities to their villages after a period of work, and some come back from overseas to remain in Indonesian cities. -
Km34022016 02.Pdf
Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2016, 25–58 THE MARGINALISATION OF MALAYSIAN TEXTS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CURRICULUM AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIAL COHESION IN MALAYSIAN CLASSROOMS Shanthini Pillai*, P. Shobha Menon and Ravichandran Vengadasamy School of Language Studies and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, MALAYSIA *Corresponding author: [email protected]/[email protected] To cite this article: Shanthini Pillai, P. Shobha Menon and Ravichandran Vengadasamy. 2016. The marginalisation of Malaysian texts in the English language curriculum and its impact on social cohesion in Malaysian classrooms. Kajian Malaysia 34(2): 25–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/ km2016.34.2.2 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/ km2016.34.2.2 ABSTRACT In this paper, we seek to investigate the place that local literature has been given in Malaysian Education in the English Language Subject for Secondary Schools in Malaysia. We argue that literature engenders a space for the nation to share in the experiences and feelings of groups and situations that might never be encountered directly. It often engages with the realities of a nation through diverse constructions of its history, its realities and communal relations. As such we posit that literature can be a significant tool to study the realities of Malaysian nationhood and its constructions of inter-ethnic relationships, and ultimately, an effective tool to forge nation building. The discussion focuses on investigating the role that literature has played in Malaysian education in the context of engaging with ethnically diverse Malaysian learners and whether text selection has prioritised ethnic diversity in its Malaysian context.