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\\%Ь9б by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a frattrnal non-profit association| V Vol. LXI ШNo. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 50 cents

Donbas miners US. defense secretary visits Kyyiv, pledges new approach by Marta Kolomayets defense minister and Mr. Aspin's host Mr. Aspin told reporters. But, he added: continue protests Kyyiv Press Bureau during his visit, told reporters during a "We, of course, believe and would sup­ joint press conference on Monday after­ by Marta Kolomayets port the notion of a non-nuclear KYYIV — Actions, instead of words, noon, June 7, that he has "a positive atti­ Kyyiv Press Bureau Ukraine." signified a positive change in U.S. policy tude" toward the proposal, which would Secretary Aspin received assurances KYYIV — As The Weekly was toward Ukraine during a 24-hour visit to place the nuclear warheads now in tem­ of Ukraine's commitment to becoming a going to press,^coal miners from Kyyiv by U.S. Secretary of Defense Les porary storage in Ukraine under interna­ non-nuclear state from President Leonid Ukraine's heavily industrialized Aspin. tional control and then eventually take Kravchuk and the Ukrainian defense Donbas region were on strike, them to Russia where the nuclear materi­ minister. "I want to pledge to you that demanding a referendum in which Mr. Aspin arrived here on Sunday al would be extracted. our policy is not changing and I should they would express no confidence in afternoon, June 6, with proposals to 'This visit, the first ever by an think that the question of ratification of Ukraine's leadership and protesting encourage Ukraine's nuclear disarma­ American defense secretary to Ukraine, START and the NPT (Non-Proliferation the declining standard of living. They ment with U.S. intervention and interna­ confirms the intentions of the U.S. Treaty) will be solved before the end of also asked for more autonomy in their tional support. He was accompanied by a administration to start a new era in rela­ this session (of Parliament) in July," Mr. region. delegation from the Department of tions with Ukraine," said Gen. Morozov. Kravchuk told Mr. Aspin during a 70- Close to 200 mines in eastern Defense and Strobe Talbott, the Clinton '1 see and understand a little better minute meeting on Monday. Ukraine were already on strike on administration's ambassador-at-large for about what the Ukrainian parliamentari­ Thursday afternoon, June 10, accord­ Russia and the newly independent states. ans' concerns are, and I have a little bit (Continued on page 3) ing to members of the Donetske Gen. Konstantyn Morozov, Ukraine's better appreciation of their situation," Strike Committee, and workers of fac­ tories and businesses in the cities of Kuchma remarks Kharkiv and Donetske had joined the miners in solidarity. muddy the waters President Leonid Kravchuk addressed Ukraine's citizens for 40 by Marta Kolomayets minutes on Thursday evening, calling Kyyiv Press Bureau for order and respect toward the law, and asking people to report to work KYYIV — Just three days before the regularly. Aspin visit to Ukraine, Prime Minister Although he said he supported the Leonid Kuchma told Ukrainian parlia­ miners' demands for new elections, mentarians that "Ukraine should, at least he urged that this be done lawfully — temporarily, become a nuclear power." a law on elections must be passed. He He made those remarks during a closed said elections should not be held at a session of debates on nuclear disarma­ time of political and economic chaos. ment, on Thursday, June 3. Addressing the miners' proposals, he Although he is still the prime minister said he would support greater self- Marta Kolomayets (albeit a powerless one) of a government that favors quick ratification of START Ї U.S. Defense Secretary Les Aspin and Ukraine's Defense Minister Konstantyn (Continued on page 10) and accession to the Nuclear Non- Morozov conduct a ceremonial review of Ukraine's troops. Proliferation Treaty, Mr. Kuchma is also the former director of the world's largest missile factory, which built the 46 The demand for Ukraine^s most precious resource ICBMs that he suggested Ukraine should keep. Thoughts of Faith ministry in January 1992 brought 124 Mr. Kuchma, who spoke on the tech­ The Ternopil case orphans from Ternopil, Ukraine, to the United States for a nical aspects of nuclear weapons, urged by Khristina Lew four-month stay. According to Deputy Minister of Education the Parliament to ratify START I, which Anatoliy Pohribny, whose ministry oversees adoptions in would rid Ukraine of 130 ICBMs, but Like the Eastern European countries that opened their bor­ Ukraine, the case of the 124 orphans and others prompted the postpone joining the NPT. ders to foreigners before it, Ukraine in 1991 became a hotbed Ukrainian government, like the Romanian government before Mr. Kuchma's statement, reported in of golden opportunity. German, Dutch, Japanese and American it, to halt the adoption of Ukrainian children by foreigners on the Western media, sent panic signals businessmen flooded Kyyiv's airports and hotels, exploring the May 12 until a"new law on adoption is passed. The new law is among Western nations, including the newfound terrain and setting up businesses, Ukraine's expected to be approved in early 1994. United States and Great Britain, who resources were ripe for the picking, and many would claim that The directive halting adoptions by foreigners, issued by want Ukraine to keep its commitment to included its children. Minister for Humanitarian Policy My kola Zhulynsky, was^ becoming a non-nuclear state. Suddenly Ukraine's orphanages were playing host to directed to oblast administrations (while adoptions are Western nations have been pressuring Germans, Itcdians, Americans — prospective parents hoping to processed on the raion level, permission to adopt is granted by Ukraine into giving up its nuclear forgo the prohibitive cost and wait of adopting a child in their the oblast) and has not been made public in Ukraine. An offi­ weapons, which it inherited after the own country. As many Ukrainians wish to adopt, foreigners, cial at the U.S. Embassy in Kyyiv said the American Embassy break-up of the Soviet Union, but have among them Westerners of Ukrainian descent, were put on a in Moscow has been alerted to the Ukrainian government's yet to offer the kinds of security guaran­ waiting list along with everyone else. But foreigners could pro­ moratorium. The Embassy in Moscow, which is larger and bet­ tees 0? financial compensation Ukrainian vide the orphanages what Ukrainians cannot — donations in ter equipped to handle adoptions, reviews an American citi­ deputiec: Think it should receive. the form of vitamins and medicines, toys, clothing — which zen's petition to adopt a Ukrainian child and issues that child's, It is in ai^pute among Ukrainian gov­ sped up the adoption process. immigration papers. ernment officials whether Mr. Kuchma Ukrainian children make up close to half of all In March of this year, the American Embassy in Moscow spoke as a deputy, г technical expert or Commonwealth of Independent States adoptions. And while the processed 38 adoptions of Ukrainian children; in April, 31, and as the prime minister. Goverament offi­ adoption of Ukrainian children had not reached the fevered in May, 32. Presumably, adoption documents presented or cials have been quick to add that he is an pitch of Romania, the incidence of suspect adoption practices dated before the May 12 deadline were still honored. In the expert in this field and has a right to say prompted the Ukrainian media to bring the matter to the fore in first nine days of June, three adoptions of Ukrainian children what he thinks, even though this does late 1992. Frequently cited on the pages of the Ukrainian press not reflect the Ukrainian government's was the situation involving Lutheran Pastor John Shep, whose (Continued on page 4) official position. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

NEWS ANALYSIS Newsbriefs Ukraine's search for security on Ukraine by Dr. Roman Solchanyk was the fourth point in the text of the RFE/FL Research Institute guarantees, which stipulated that Russia respect Ukraine's borders "within the Russia cuts oil supplies his capacity as a deputy of Parliament, CONCLUSION framework of the CIS." Such a formula­ not as prime minister. (RFE/RL Daily • KYYIV — A senior official of the tion, which would tie Ukraine to mem­ Report). No less problematical for Ukraine is Ukrainian State Oil and Gas Committee bership in the CIS, was rejected by the question of how Russia defines the said Russia has cut oil supplies to German chemicals dumped in Ukraine Kyyiv. CIS and its own role in the Ukraine to one-fifth of its already At a meeting of Ukrainian and Commonwealth and, indeed, in the larg­ reduced levels because Ukraine remains • BONN — The environmental group Russian deputy foreign ministers in Greenpeace has said that 230 tons c er geopolitical space of the former in arrears, reported Reuters on June 3. Kyyiv in late February, the Ukrainian highly toxic chemicals have been Soviet Union. If there were any doubts According to government ministries rep­ side was told that the text had been draft­ dumped in army barracks in Ukraine, about Moscow's desire to see the CIS as resentatives, Ukraine is receiving 15,000 ed together with Russian parliamentary reported Reuters on June 6. The toxic a tightly integrated structure replete with to 20,000 tons of oil per day instead of committees and that "the Russian waste, which includes red and white coordinating bodies, they have been dis­ the called for 80,000 to 100,000 tons. Ministry of Foreign Affairs can go no phosphorus, liquid mercury, pesticides pelled by Russia's recently adopted The country uses 40 million tons of oil further."23 and cyanide-containing acids, was "Foreign Policy Concept." annually, half of which is supplied by dumped near the city of Rivne by a The document, which has been Kyyiv remains wary not only of the Russia. Moscow claims Ukraine owes it German company from the Saxony- approved by President Boris Yeltsin, CIS but of Russia's perceived intention $2.5 billion for past deliveries, although Anhalt region. Germany, the world's gives top priority to relations with the to establish a special role for itself in the Ukrainian officials dispute the figure. biggest exporter of waste, forbids toxic former Soviet republics, asserting that it Commonwealth and generally in the Russian President Boris Yeltsin seems to refuse to be shipped abroad but allows is in Russia's interests "to steer a course "near abroad."24 Moscow, of course, have initiated the latest crisis when he the consignment of materials for recy­ aimed at attaining the maximum possible denies that it harbors such plans. In an threatened economic sanctions against cling or industrial use, opening a poten­ degree of integration of the former appeal to the heads of the CIS states CIS members who failed to pay their Soviet republics in all areas of their vital issued on March 17, President Yeltsin tial loophole for illegal exports. debts. The dispute has been simmering (Reuters) activities on a stricdy voluntary and reci­ called for greater cooperation and coor­ since last month when Russia announced procal basis."2' The "Foreign Policy dination in security matters, foreign it was raising oil prices for CIS states to EC president worried about START Concept" goes on to say that should any affairs, the economy, and human rights world market levels retroactive to April state decline to cooperate in specific issues, but at the same time he denied 1. (RFE/RL Daily Report) • COPENHAGEN — The European areas, Russia would be required to that Russia had any aspirations to play a Community's president said on June 7 develop ties only with interested part- "leading" role in the CIS.^^ However, in Sevastopil not for rent that a cooperation agreement with Ukraine is unlikely to be signed unless • KYYIV — The Ukrainian Ministry Kyyiv ratifies START-I, according to Relations with the United States have of Defense has issued a statement that various Western news agencies. Danish press reports about the possible leasing Foreign Minister Niels Helveg Petersen, soured... The administration of U.S. Presi­ of Sevastopil to Russia "cannot be taken whose country currently holds the EC seriously," Ukrainian TV reported on presidency, said the community is dent Bill Clinton is seen as applying un­ June 8. The ministry said renting out "deeply worried" that Ukraine has not Sevastopil would not be in Ukraine's yet ratified the arms accord. Mr. reasonable pressure on Kyyiv to fall into line. best interest. The division of Ukrainian Petersen made the comments after talks land, said the statement, or the leasing of in Copenhagen with Ukrainian Foreign Ukrainian cities "is impossible." The Minister Anatoliy Zlenko. (RFE/RL Defense Ministry said it never even con­ ners. This formulation would seem to his address to the Civic Union of Daily Report) sidered such a possibility. (RFE/RL suggest that' uninterested parties should February 28, the Russian president had Daily Report) Workers strike in Ukraine be essentially ignored. asked the international community, Ukraine, as is well-known, fits the including the United Nations, for "spe­ Kozyrev says fleet issues resolvable • KYYIV — Workers in Ukraine description of an uninterested party inso­ cial powers as a guarantor of peace and went on strike the weekend of June 4, far as it has consistently opposed inte- stability" on the territory of the former • MOSCOW — Russian Foreign joined by others in Belarus. The strikers grationist trends within the CIS, espe­ Soviet Union.26 Minister Andrei Kozyrev, just back from are protesting the recent steep increases cially in the political and military areas. The idea bears remarkable similarity talks in Kyyiv, said in an Ostankino TV in consumer prices. Both governments (It has, however, supported closer eco­ to the concept of a Russian "Monroe interview on June 6 that Ukraine and blame the sharply higher prices of nomic ties among members states, Doctrine" advanced in 1992 by Evgeniy Russia would be able to resolve prob­ Russian oil. In Ukraine's Donbas region, although this is a relatively recent devel­ Ambartsumov, the chairman of the lems related to the Black Sea Fleet. He 8,000 miners were reportedly striking, opment that can be directly traced to the Russian parliamentary Committee on hoped to set a date this week for a meet­ along with construction workers and bus catastrophic economic situation in the International Affairs and Foreign ing on the issue. Mr. Kozyrev also stated drivers. They have called for a referen­ country.) Thus, according to the princi­ Economic Relations. Mr. Ambartsumov that in their meetings, Ukraine's dum on a vote of confidence in the presi­ ples of the "Foreign Policy Concept," makes no secret of his preference for the President Leonid Kravchuk and Foreign dent, prime minister and the Parliament. Moscow's attitude toward Kyyiv should Soviet Union over the CIS and, like Minister Anatoliy Zlenko had discounted Unions in Kyyiv and Minsk have threat­ approximate benign disinterest. Vice-President Aleksandr Rutskoi, is on remarks by Prime Minister Leonid ened to call a general strike unless the Such a scenario is, of course, unimag­ record as saying that Russia is "some­ Kuchma that Ukraine should retain some price hikes are rescinded. (RFE/RL inable on practical grounds alone, to say thing greater than the RSFSR."^^ Mr. of the nuclear missiles on its territory. Daily Report) nothing of the role that Ukraine has Yeltsin's remarks to the Civic Union met They said Mr. Kuchma was speaking in played (and continues to play) in with strong protests from the CIS capi­ (Continued on page 15) Russia's historical consciousness. In tals, and the Russian leader subsequently practice, therefore, a rather different pic­ explained that Russia would assume ture emerges, which is perhaps best such functions only if requested.28 FOUNDED 1933 illustrated by the failure of Kyyiv and Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Moscow to agree on a formula for the Kozyrev, who made public Mr. Yeltsin's ШгаіпіапІл/ееУі security guarantees that the former had March 17 appeal for integration at a An English-language newspaper published by the Ukrainian National requested from the latter. press conference in Moscow, added that Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. the appeal should be taken as the proper Russia's readiness to provide Ukraine 07302. with security guarantees was announced (Continued on page 13) Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. by Mr. Yeltsin at the January 15 summit (ISSN - 0273-9348) meeting in Moscow. Referring to the 2' Nezavisimaya Gazeta, April 29, 1993. problem of nuclear disarmament, the 22 Uryadovyi Kurier, January 19,1993. Yearly subscription rate: $20; for UNA members — $10. Russian president said that "Russia guar­ 23 Moloda Halychyna, March 18, 1993. Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. antees the preservation of Ukraine's [ter­ See also Los Angeles Times, February 26, ritorial] integrity and the defense of its 1993. The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: borders from nuclear attack."22 24 See John Lough, "Defining Russia's Role in Relations with Neighboring States," (201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036 (201)451-2200 The pledge was received with a sign RFE/FL Research Report, No. 20, May 14, of relief in the West, which hoped that a 1993 (special issue titled "Russia at the Postmaster, send address Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz major obstacle to Ukraine's ratification Crossroads"). changes to: Associate editor: Marta Kolomayets (Kyyiv) 25 For the text of the appeal, see of START I had been removed. Within The Ukrainian Weekly Assistant editor: Khristina Lew several weeks, however, it became clear Nezavisimaya Gazeta, March 18, 1993. 26 The New York Times, March I, 1993. P.O. Box 346 Staff writers/editors: Roman Woronowycz that this optimism was unfounded. In Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Andrij Wynnyckyj early February, 1m official of Ukraine's 27 Nedelya, No. 8, February 1992. On Ambartsumov's foreign policy views, see Foreign Ministry was quoted as saying Suzanne Crow, "Ambartsumov's Influence The Ukrainian Weekly, June 13,1993, No. 23, Vol. LX that Russia had, in fact, failed to satisfy on Russian Foreign Policy," RFE/RL Copyright by The Ukrainian Weekly even the minimal demands sought by Research Report, No. 19, May 7, 1993. Ukraine. The problem, as it turned out, 28 ITAR-TASS, March 4, 1993. ~ No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 Demjanjuk case repercussions British war crimes effort felt in Supreme Court nominations set bacli, iaclis evidence

WASHINGTON — Among the can­ court. JERSEY CITY, N.J. — The acquittal realistic chance of fair trials." didates being considered by President As reported in The Weekly last week, of Australian pensioner Ivan The article referred to "senior legal Polyukhovich by a Supreme Court jury Bill Clinton for appointment to the the Supreme Court had rejecte^d an sources in London" who said "Britain last month is having a strong effect on Supreme Court is the Cincinnati judge appeal by two former officials with the would be likely to face similar embar­ war crimes investigations around the who ordered an inquiry into the extradi­ Office of Special Investigations, the rassment if the courts proceeded with world. According to a May 26 article in tion case of John Demjanjuk. Justice Department's Nazi-hunting arm, less than credible prosecutions." the International Express, a London- Judge Gilbert S. Merritt, chief judge to halt the Circuit Court of Appeals based periodical, "Britain's most expen­ It is also suggested that after a two- of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the inquiry into the Demjanjuk case. OSI sive police investigation, the worldwide year inquiry, a special investigative unit Sixth Circuit, reported The New York attorneys argued that the Circuit Court hunt for Nazi war criminals, is on the from Scotland Yard has been unable to Times on June 8, is among the three or had no authority to reopen the case. brink of collapse." collect enough evidence for a single lore candidates being considered. Judge Merritt, described by The prosecution. This has led government However, his appointment drew fire Times as a moderate who would gener­ The report, headlined "The Nazi officials to question whether to go on from one Jewish organization. ate some Republican support, was hunters face costly defeat," was filed by with the effort, which has cost British The Times noted that the Simon appointed to the bench by President Ian Henry and Oonagh Blackman, and taxpayers the equivalent of about $5 mil­ Wiesenthal Center, which monitors Jimmy Carter. suggested that many ministers in the lion (U.S.), and for which about another issues involving the Holocaust, had criti­ The Times reported: "Mr. Clinton has British government were alarmed by the $15 million was set aside. A "senior cized Judge Merritt for ordering an apparently become gun-shy after so collapse of the Australia's first war Whitehall source" was quoted as saying, investigation into the U.S. Justice many mishaps, and he now seems deter­ crimes trial, when a jury took under an "We should step back and take stock. Department's handling of the Demjanjuk mined to find the perfect Supreme Court hour to clear Mr. Polyukhovich of all The prospects are not good." extradition. The fact-finding hearings in candidate, one who will be easily con­ charges. The report also mentions that In a related story, David Vienneau that investigation have now been com­ firmed, reflect well upon him and not the government had "pushed through the reported in the June 3 issue of the pleted and the Circuit Court's special bring any surprises. With this in mind, War Crimes Act against the advice of Toronto Star, that the Supreme Court of master. Judge Thomas Wiseman, is to the White House has recendy been float­ the House of Lords," and that "several report his findings to the Cincinnati ing names of possible nominees." eminent judges warned there was no (Continued on page 10)

on the part of the United States in the U.S. defense... relationship between Russia and (Continued from page 1) Ukraine," said Minister Grachev on the eve of Mr. Aspin's visit to Kyyiv. "Ukraine is continuing its course But U.S. government officials have toward becoming a non-nuclear state," said that pressuring Ukraine has been confirmed Gen. Morozov. counteфroductive and the U.S. adminis­ The Ukrainian officials were deter­ tration now wants to address Ukrainian mined to show their commitment to fears that its security may be threatened pledges Ukraine made in its 1990 decla­ by Russia. ration of state sovereignty and reaf­ The Russians have said that Ukraine firmed in its declaration of independence is working on operational control of its in 1991. Their affirmations came just nuclear weapons and, thus, it is neces­ days after Prime Minister Leonid sary to have disarmament completed in Kuchma told parliamentarians during a six to nine months. However, U.S. offi­ closed session that Ukraine should, at cials have said that this is more than least temporarily, become a nuclear likely an exaggeration to pressure power. (See sidebar.) Ukraine and worry the United States. Mr. Aspin and his delegation did not Ukrainians, on the other hand, feel put pressure on Ukraine's leadership, that if their weapons are dismantled in stating that the "U.S. is interested in a Russia, this northern neighbor, which broader relationship," including military- claims not to be an adversary of to military exchanges on all levels, per­ Ukraineis, could use the highly enriched sonnel training and an ongoing working uranium to build new warheads. group. Chances of ratiHcation The U.S. secretary of defense is interviewed by the press upon arrival in Kyyiv. He also extended an official invitation On the right is translator Marta Zielyk. to Gen. Morozov to visit Washington in Although officially the government of July to work out details of the nuclear Ukraine is committed to becoming And the Parliament's views are Speaker Ivan Pliushch: "In all likeli­ disarmament proposal and sign a "mem­ nuclear-free, it is up to the Parliament to mixed, although with time, more and hood. Parliament will ratify START I orandum of understanding." vote on ratification of START I and the more deputies support the idea of keep­ with reservations; as to the Lisbon proto­ Mr. Aspin made it clear, however, Lisbon protocol (under which Ukraine ing nuclear weapons if Ukraine does not col and the NPT, they demand greater that there is a limit to how much the became a party to START I), and to get the security guarantees it requires scrutiny." He added that, "given today's United States could do if Kyyiv did not accede to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation from the West and Russia. situation, we will not leave the nuclear give up its more than 1,800 warheads. Treaty. According to Supreme Council club." "No positions have been taken and there were no proposals to the govern­ ment of Ukraine. We have had a prelimi­ nary discussion and we will be develop­ ing a more detailed position," said the U.S. secretary of defense. There was no ^alk of money, although Ukraine has aade it perfectly understood that the $175 million offered by the U.S. is far from enough. Ukrainian officials say they need at least $2.8 billion.

U.S. role as mediator Thus, it seems the U.S. has shifted its strong-arm policy and begun to look at Ukraine, not through the prism of Russia, but as an independent, sovereign state. As a matter of fact, Mr. Aspin has decided to intervene in Ukrainian- Russian relations, despite statements from Moscow that the U.S. should use its clout to have Ukraine unconditionally surrender all its warheads. As reported in the Western media, Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev asked that the U.S. government give its unequivocal support to Moscow's posi­ tion without any concessions to Ukraine. I Marta Koiomayets "I believe we can rule out mediating The military parades before Defense Secretary Les Aspin and Defense Minister Konstantyn Morozov (on reviewing stand). THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

minding our own business when we were told that our of the other foster parents is a former client of Ms. The Ternopil case church would be assigned 60 children" from Ukraine, Harasymiw. (Continued from page 1) he explained. "As I approach it, my children can be Ms. Harasymiw, who represents "not quite 30 fami­ what they want to be. I'm not gearing them to be lies," says she has obtained consent for some of the were processed, but the Embassy expects a serious drop Ukrainian missionaries." Pastor Gruen's oldest son is a families to adopt, but feels she is being scapegoated for for the remainder of the month. computer programmer, his second son is undecided, son the problems encountered during the adopdon process. This is the first in a series of articles about the number 3 is a Lutheran pastor, "and my Ukrainian boy She and Pastor Shep have severed ties and refuse to demand for Ukraine's most precious resource — its wants to be a soccer coach." comment about one another. children, whom Minister Pohribny calls Ukraine's Despite the attacks in the media, a commission was In May a second group of foster parents traveled to "national capital." set up in Ternopil to examine and reach a decision on Ternopil to pursue their adoptions. But whereas Pastor each adoption request from the American foster fami­ Shep assisted the first group of parents in arranging JERSEY CITY, N.J. — What began as a simple ges­ lies. meetings with Ternopil officials, the second group had ture of goodwill by a Midwestern Lutheran organization The American end to fend for themselves. "We have so many other pro­ in the winter of 1992 has escalated into a tense stand-off jects at Thoughts of Faith," Pastor Shep explains. "We between 40 American families and the Ukrainian gov­ In November 1992, Ukraine's Consul General are not an adoption agency. If we got involved, it would ernment. At stake is the future well-being of^64 Anatoliy Oliynyk arrived in Chicago and shortly after­ never end." Ukrainian children, and at issue is respect for Ukrainian ward became involved in the adoptions of the Ternopil law. orphans. He met with every child to ascertain whether A special case in fact he or she wished to be adopted by their foster The orphan project The May 12 moratorium on adoptions has spread fear family and assisted the foster families in preparing and to the foster families and the children they are trying to On January 28, 1992, 124 children from a Ternopil adopt. "It is very difficult to go to bed at night," said orphanage arrived in Chicago for a four-month stay Pastor Gruen. "To lose Volodia now after a year and a with Chicago-area Ukrainian American and Lutheran ^'WeVe grown to love half would be like death." On May 28 the foster parents families. Organized by Thoughts of Faith, a Lutheran received a letter from Consul General Oliynyk advising ministry based in Stoughton, Wise, that had actively these kids and they love them that the Ternopil authorities have requested that assisted Ukraine in the past, the project was a means of the children return to Ukraine. Some foster parents fear providing a warm environment for Ukrainian orphans us. We сапЧ part/"^ that if the orphans return to Ternopil, their adoption during the winter months. requests will not be honored. Some families can't afford Shortly after the children arrived in the United States, — Vladimir Goncharoff to fly the orphans and themselves back. two issues were raised with Thoughts of Faith by their foster parents: Could the children, many of whom had Mr. Oliynyk is sympathetic to the plight of the chil­ legal guardians in Ukraine, be adopted? Could they translating adoption documents to the satisfaction of the dren and their foster families, but emphasizes that the remain with their foster families until their visas expired Ukrainian government. According to Mr. Oliynyk, as of situation must be handled according to the laws of on July 27? March of this year, no adoption papers were submitted Ukraine. "This case will have moral and polidcal conse­ In arranging for their visas to the United States in to the Ukrainian government by any of the foster fami­ quences. We must take into consideradon that we are January, Pastor John Shep, executive director of lies. deciding the fate of litde cidzens of Ukraine as well as Thoughts of Faith, had assured officials at the American Ms. Harasymiw says the hold-up in the adoptions of the relationship between the American families and Embassy in Moscow that the children would return to the orphans is the result of complicated paperwork and Ukraine." According to Mr. Oliynyk, two litde orphans Ukraine on May 12, 1992. After consulting with then the Ternopil commission's reluctance to process the who departed for Ternopil before July 27 have been Minister of Education for the Ternopil Oblast Bohdan adoption requests. "The children were brought here and adopted by their American foster parents and returned Havarivsky, Pastor Shep advised those parents wishing stayed beyond with the understanding of the officials at to the Chicago area in April. to adopt to seek legal counsel from Chicago-area attor­ that time. The new officials see no reason to have these Mr. Oliynyk points to the orphan case as an example ney Roxolanna Harasymiw and await the decision of a children adopted... You're dealing with a situation where of "how not to deal with an adopdon." Mr. Goncharoff special commission from Ternopil that would travel to you have a clash between Ukrainians feeling that says, "I know that this is not the way adoptions are the United States to determine whether adoption was Ukrainian children are being exported abroad and done, but at this time we can only do what is right for possible. The foster parents were instructed that all Americans who feel they have a right to adopt them." the kids...We've grown to love these kids and they love decisions should be reached by June 30 and that For Ms. Harasymiw, the most difficult aspect of pro­ us. We can't part." Thoughts of Faith was not responsible for any children cessing the adoption papers is obtaining the consent of In light of the May 12 moratorium and Consul remaining in the United States past May 12. the orphans' legal guardians. She feels that many have General Oliynyk's letter, the status of those children On May 12, 54 children returned to the oфhanage in been pressured to terminate their legal rights. who remain in the United States is not clear. In early Ternopil. The majority of the foster parents of those Vladimir Goncharoff of Rolling Meadows, 111., says June the foster parents received word from Kyyiv that a children who remained retained the services of Ms. the legal guardian of the two litde girls he is trying to program on Ukrainian television indicated that the Harasymiw, who had assisted Pastor Shep in arranging adopt, Svidana and Tetiana, told him "don't you dare plight of the orphans will be treated as a special case, the children's stay prior to their arrival. send these kids back." Mr. Goncharoff travelec to and that a "naUonal-level commission" will travel to the Ternopil with a group of foster parents in March in an United States to review the adopdon requests. As one Rumblings in Ukraine attempt to resolve the adoption dispute, and like several foster parent put in, the ball is in Ukraine's court. The June 30 deadline came and went with no visit from the Ternopil commission. On July 27, six more children departed for Ukraine, bringing the number of children remaining in the United States to 64 (one little Pylyp Orlyk Institute officially opens in Kyyiv girl arrived from Ukraine on July 27 to join her twin sis­ by Markian Bilynsky was chaired by insdtute board member Leonid Shklyar. ter who is living with one of the foster families). The In the opening remarks, Mrs. McConnell offered an children's visas were extended for another six months, KYYIV — The U.S.-Ukraine Foundation, a opdmisdc assessment of Ukraine's future: "The peoples until January 27, 1993. Washington-based organization formed in 1991, of Ukraine today have an opportunity not available to From July to October 1992 , the fate of the 64 chil­ announced the official opening of the Pylyp Orlyk their forefathers. A country that has a deep and unique dren remained uncertain. In August Pastor Shep trav­ Institute for Democracy. democratic heritage and which was once the breadbas­ eled to Ukraine to teach at the Kyyiv Polytechnic The institute is an independent public policy research ket of Europe can, despite its cruel historical legacy, Institute for one month. Ms. Harasymiw made arrange­ organization, whose primary objectives are to render truly became a land of opportunity and prosperity for all ments for the Ternopil commission to travel to the general assistance in the establishment of democracy, a of its peoples." United States. Mr. Havarivsky was relieved of his free-market economy, and the rule of law in Ukraine, as She added that the institute's intention was not to duties as minister of education and replaced by well as to raise the level of mutual understanding transplant the American democratic experience to Mykhailo Mykolenko. After numerous delays, the between policymakers in Ukraine and the United Staies. Ukraine, but to make the American experience — both seven-person commission finally arrived in Chicago on The project is funded by the National Endowment for good and bad — accessible to Ukrainians, to help October 27 to meet with the families and children Democracy as well as by contributions from various broaden, and not restrict, the scope of the debate over involved. private organizadons and individuals. state-and nadon-building. After the commission returned to Ukraine in The announcement of the institute's registration, Ms. Chumachenko explained the means through November, local Ternopil newspapers began running which was made at a press conference on April 7 on the which this goal is realized, by describing the insdtute's stories about the orphans in the United States: that they premises of the Supreme Council, followed a meeting projects. These include: the regular and dmely publica- lived in shabby conditions, that they were being sold of the Orlyk Insdtute's Board of Directors. The board's don in Ukrainian of U.S. press ardcles, commentaries into slavery, that they were being trained to become membership consists of some of Ukraine's leading and congressional hearings regarding Ukraine (the Lutheran missionaries. democrats. Among them are four deputies: Chairman of information is transmitted from Washington via the Pastor Shep tried to assuage the oblast's panic by the Board Ivan Zayets (chairman of the Parliament's "Democracy Hodine," an E-mail link that has been on­ submitting an article in the February 13, 1993, issue of democratic bloc, the Narodna Rada), Oleksander line since March 1991; the hodine is managed by foun­ a local Ternopil newspaper, Ternystyi Shliakh (The Yemets (advisor to the president of Ukraine on legal dadon board member Robert M. McConnell of the law Thorny Path). Today he admits he is not very popular affairs), Mykhailo Horyn (Chairman of the Ukrainian firm Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher); the translation of with the Ukrainian government nor the American Republican Party), and Pavlo Movchan (head of the books and ardcles; the planned publication of a quarter­ Embassies in Kyyiv and Moscow: "[On May 28] I was Prosvita cutural association). Other board members ly journal; the preparadon of analyses; and the prepara­ awarded an Honored Worker for Ukrainian Culture include Rukh Vice-Chairman Oleksander Lavrynovych, tion of briefing papers and analyses. Conferences and plaque by President Kravchuk's assistant. [On June I] I as well as scholars from the Insdtute of Economics and workshops are also held. The institute also prepares was reprimanded by Moroz of the Ministry of Philosophy. updates on Ukrainian issues for an American audience. Education" for the офЬап scandal. The press conference panel consisted of Nadia K. The following evening, a reception was held at the Lutheran Pastor Darald Gruen of Antioch, 111., who is McConnell, president of the U.S.-Ukraine Foundadon; Natsionalnyi Hotel. Among those in attendance were currently trying to adopt one of the Ternopil orphans, Kateryna Chumachenko, foundation vice-president and Foreign Minister Anatoliy Zlenko, U.S. Ambassador Volodia, calmly responds to accusations of "training director of the institute; Mr. Zayets, and Markian Roman Popadiuk, and the chairman of Rukh, Lutheran missionaries." "We were just sitting here Bilynskyj, the insdtute's director of research. The panel Vyacheslav Chornovil. No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 Liberal Laurence Decore in race for Alberta premier by Christopher Guly poor financial management record. He tired of the 22 consecutive years of explains that it clocks the provincial debt Conservative governments," says the 44- HULL, Quebec — It's a race between at over $7.5 million a day since 1985, year-old music director of Edmonton's the former mayors of Alberta's two which continues to grow at a rate of $87 Shumka Dancers and former executive largest cities in the provincial election on per second. director of the Alberta Ukrainian June 15. But Prof. David Taras, a political sci­ Centennial Commission. Liberal Party leader Laurence Decore, entist at the University of Calgary, said "That's why I'm telling voters in my the former mayor of Edmonton, is hop­ that both Mr. Klein and Mr. Decore have riding that I want to be your representa­ ing to unseat Progressive Conservative been vague about how they would cut tive... not your politician," he said. Premier Ralph Klein, a former Calgary the deficit. "There's not much difference However Mark Hlady, who is running mayor, and form the first Grit govern­ between both parties. Both agree that the against NDP incumbent Bob ment in the province in 72 years. government should serve as an economic Hawksworth in the Calgary Mountain (Liberal Charles Stewart served as pre­ facilitator and take dramatic steps in View constituency, says Albertans mier from 1917 to 1921.) reducing the debt, but haven't really said already have a change. Mr. Decore represents Edmonton how," he noted. "We have a new leader, Ralph Klein, Glengarry in the Alberta legislature, Mr. Decore, who agrees with Mr. who has a lot of new ideas and new while Premier Klein represents Calgary Klein that Alberta will continue to be the energy," explains the 34-year-old former Elbow. only Canadian province without a Ukrainian dancer in Thunder Bay, who Mr. Decore is using his five-year provincial sales tax, promises to begin is running in Calgary's most heavily mayoral record as ammunition to show Laurence Decore by slashing government jobs. "We have populated Ukrainian district. he's the best person to run the province's the largest civil service in the country on be intolerant of non-Anglophone immi­ Prof. Taras explained that although economy. a per capita basis." grants arriving in the province. Dr. Mr. Decore is very popular in Liberal campaign literature shows that However, Mr. Klein has been attempt­ Petryshyn explained that Ms. Mirosh, Edmonton, Ukrainian Albertans are when he become mayor in 1983, ing to offset Mr. Decore's concern for who represents Calgary Glenmore, made unlikely to support him based on his her­ Edmonton's tax-supported debt was Alberta's economy by linking him with "anti-multicultural" statements when she itage. "Albertans traditionally vote either $304 million, or $543 per Edmontonian. the federal Liberal's historically unpopu­ called for future government favoritism north-south, or urban-rural." During his term as mayor, Mr. Decore lar National Energy Program of the to English-speaking immigrants. Ukrainian Albertans, who comprise claims that he was able to reduce the 1970s and 1980s. Mr. Decore admits that Ms. Mirosh, whose portfolio includes the third largest ethnic group in the city's tax-supported debt by 9.2 percent. legacy has hurt the party's chances for a past multiculturalism and human rights province, currently represent about When he left office in 1988, provincial sweep. responsibilities, claims that her com­ 250,000 or 10 percent of Alberta's popu­ Edmonton's debt had declined to $276 "If we were called something else we ments were taken out of context. "My lation. Close to 62 percent of Albertans million or $479 per Edmontonian. Add could win very easily." grandparents come from Ukraine and live in either Edmonton or Calgary. municipal utilities deficits and the total The current party standings in never spoke English. All I was saying is comes to $1.4 billion, or $2,404 per Alberta's 83-member legislature are: 57 Dr. Petryshyn said that most that people who are emigrating there Edmontonian. Tory seats, 15 NDP and nine Liberals. Ukrainian Albertans are now fifth-gener­ should know that they will need to speak However, in the 1989 election, just ation and have no political agenda as a That compares with Mr. Klein, who English... and that the government can't months after Mr. Decore was elected group. "We are white and English- succeeded Don Getty as Tory leader and afford to pay for language training. It's Liberal leader, the Grits took 29 percent speaking. Besides, there isn't the fire in premier earlier this year, and who was sad when people come here with qualifi­ of the popular vote compared with 26 the belly that you might have seen in the elected mayor of Calgary in 1980. Then, cations and end up sweeping floors." the Grits claim Calgary's tax-supported percent for the NDP. 1960s and 1970s during the Cold War." But if the Tory minister has been debt stood at $407 million or $697 per Instead of worrying about his ethnic under attack for thinking dollars and Most political analysts predict the Calgarian. affiliation. Prof. Taras suggests that Mr. cents, her approach is more the rule than Liberals will likely replace the NDP as When Mr. Klein left office nine years Decore concentrate on honing his own the exception in the current campaign. Alberta's official opposition during this later, the debt increased by almost 145 election. "If it's a minority situation with personality. per cent, or $97 million, to $1,503 per the Conservatives, the Liberals and NDP "Laurence has this image problem," Calgarian. Add civic utilities deficits, probably unite in a coalition," said Prof. he explains. "He comes across very cold and the total comes to a debt of $2.5 mil­ Taras. and very stern, like a high school princi­ lion, or $3,727 per Calgarian. Gene Zwozdesky, who is running for pal. I know that he has this caring and Born in Vegreville, Mr. Decore, 52, is the Liberals in Edmonton Avonmore warm side. But although he's very well a second-generation Ukrainian-Canadian against NDP incumbent Marie Lang, is respected, most people don't have much Liberal politician. His father, John, a confident of a Grit victory. "People are of a love for him." lawyer and judge, represented the riding of Vegreville as a Liberal in the Canadian House of Commons from 1949 to 1957. He also served as president of Communique from Council of Bishops Edmonton's Ukrainian Professional and Business Club (UPBS). Communique from the Council of Bishops of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church Laurence Decore, also a lawyer, of the U.S.A. concerning the state of health of His Holiness Patriarch Mstyslav I. served as an alderman in Edmonton from 1974 to 1983. That year, he was elected After returning from Ukraine in December of 1992, His Holiness, the mayor, receiving the largest plurality in Patriarch of Kyyiv and All Ukraine, and Metropolitan of the Ukrainian the history of Edmonton mayoral elec­ Orthodox Church of the U.S.A., Mstyslav I, spent a brief period of time in the tions. Church Center in South Bound Brook, N.J., and then departed for Canada to Mr. Decore also served as president of spend the Christmas holy days with his family in Grimsby, Ontario. It was there the Edmonton UPBC and as president of that His Holiness became ill and was admitted to the local hospital. Upon his the Ukrainian Canadian Professional and release from the hospital, His Holiness, upon the counsel of his physician, Business Federation from 1979 to 1981. remained with his family, who have been continually tending to his needs. The founding chairperson of the Alberta Gene Zwozdesky We, the undersigned bishops of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Heritage Council, Mr. Decore also U.S.A., visited our beloved spiritual father and consecrator, and imparted to him served as chairman of the Canadian For Mr. Decore, the main issue facing the Holy Mysteries instituted by our Lord, Jesus Christ. Consultative Council of Multicultural- Albertans is reducing the province's Of recent date. His Holiness' health has suffered serious complications. ism from 1980 to 1983. In fact, he was debt. Albertans are faced with an accu­ Despite his illness, at the center of His Holiness' continual prayers, thoughts awarded the Order of Canada in 1983 for mulated debt of $20 billion, not includ­ and concern is our entire Ukrainian Orthodox Church, its spiritual children — his efforts in promoting multicultural- ing this year's projected $2.5 billion ism. deficit. When Mr. Getty became premier the bishops, clergy and faithful — and its spiritual, pastoral and administrative Yet, Dr. Roman Petryshyn, a sociolo­ in 1986, the province enjoyed $12 bil­ development. gist and director of the Ukrainian lion in assets. Having aprised you of this, we request that all the faithful of our UOChurch of the U.S.A., and all Christ-loving Ukrainians offer sincere prayers for the Resource Development Center, said that The Liberal leader claims that much physical and spiritual health and well-being of His Holiness Patriarch Mstyslav. fighting Alberta's deficit, and not high­ of the economic reversal is due to bad lighting multicultural issues, dominates government investments in failed private With love in Christ, the Healer of souls and bodies, the agendas of the two parties. Only the industry. In the past few years, hundreds +Constantine New Democratic Party (NDP), headed of millions of dollars have been lost in by Ray Martin, has issued a comprehen­ such disastrous recovery measures as Metropolitan, Acting Primate of the UOChurch of the U.S.A. sive statement on Alberta's ethnic com­ building a $646 million cellular-tele­ +Antony munities. phone industry and another to build a Archbishop of New York and Washington, D.C. However, earlier in the current cam­ $125 million high-tech magnesium plant paign. Community Development that went nowhere. South Bound Brook, N.J. Minister Dianne Mirosh, whose mother Mr. Decore is employing a so-called June 6, 1993 is of Ukrainian descent, rankled some "CD Player" or "Conservative Debt Feast of Pentecost Albertans with a comment perceived to Player," to illustrate the government's THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24 What is U.S. aid to Шгаіпе worth? by Eugene M. Iwanciw percent of the aid Russia received. rainianWeeyv The easiest comparison of assistance In "U.S.-Ukraine Relations Include is in per capita terms in each country. As More Than Nukes" (The Ukrainian is clear from the accompanying table, Who's on the defensive now? Weekly, May 16), Orest Deychakiwsky the average per capita aid to NIS coun­ stressed that U.S. policy toward Ukraine This week, the United States and Ukraine came closer to resolving some tries was $8.12. For Russia, per capita goes beyond the demand for ratification assistance was $9.68 while Ukraine sticking points in their relationship, while Russia revealed a little more of its of START I and the Nuclear Non- true colors. received only $2.64 per capita. In other Proliferation Treaty (NPT). He points words, for each dollar per capita aid to U.S. Secretary of Defense Les Aspin's visit to Germany and Ukraine last out that Ukraine has benefited from a week, was billed by senior officials as an effort "to advance the U.S. defense Ukraine, Russia received $3.67 per capi­ wide range of U.S. assistance programs. ta aid (or, for each dollar per capita aic' partnership with two key countries" and a "major step forward in ... building a While the facts in the article are accu­ security relationship with Russia and Ukraine." to Russia, Ukraine received $.27 per rate, one must be careful not to get a dis­ capita assistance.) The Aspin visit clearly was a good follow-up to that of Strobe Talbott, who torted picture of U.S. assistance efforts. Also clear from that same table is that less than a month earlier in Kyyiv had announced a sea change in U.S.-Ukraine It is true, as the author stated, that "it of the 12 nations of the NIS, only two relations as the United States would be adopting a new multi-faceted approach is difficult to obtain a precise figure on to relations with Ukraine. (It was somewhat puzzling then when, soon after­ received less money per capita than aid to Ukraine." However, the U.S. wards, during a meeting with Ukrainian American community leaders, Ukraine: Uzbekistan and Azerbajian. In Agency for International Development Ambassador Talbott spent 50 minutes of the allotted hour on nuclear issues.) the case of Azerbajian, the Bush and (AID) has provided a summary of Now Secretary Aspin came to Kyyiv armed with more concrete proposals, Clinton administrations were precluded food, medical, technical and Nunn-Lugar including international supervision over Ukraine's nuclear weapons, more ties from providing any assistance by restric­ (nuclear disarmament) grant assistance between the American and Ukrainian military, more assurances of U.S. support tions enacted by Congress. for both fiscal years (FY) 1992 and in view of Ukraine's security concerns, and an offer to act as mediator to help While the Ukrainian community has 1993. It is under these programs that resolve disputes between Kyyiv and Moscow. argued that U.S. foreign policy, includ­ Ukraine received the $137.2 million ref­ Indeed, officials in Kyyiv, too, saw it that way. And their response was posi­ ing foreign assistance, is Russo-centric, erenced by Mr. Deychakiwsky. tive. "This visit, the first ever by an American defense secretary to Ukraine, the facts indicate that this is not neces­ While $137.2 million sounds like a confirms the intentions of the U.S. administration to start a new era in relations sarily the case. Although Russia received great deal of assistance, this amount with Ukraine," commented Secretary Aspin's Ukrainian counterpart. Defense more than the average per capita assis­ pales when one notes that the total assis­ Minister Konstantyn Morozov, at the conclusion of the two-day visit. Gen. tance, six countries received more assis­ tance package was $2.52 billion. While Morozov also told reporters that he has a "positive attitude" toward Mr. Aspin's tance than Russia while five.nations Ukraine comprise 18.19 percent of the proposal to put nuclear weapons in Ukraine under international control, in mon­ received less. One must conclude that population of the newly independent itored storage areas even before steps are taken to eliminate them. the policy was more anti-Ukrciinian than states (NIS), it received 4.84 percent and In Russia, however, the response to the United States' newest initiatives was pro-Russian. 6.19 percent of the U.S. aid for NIS far from positive. In fact. The Washington Post said U.S. moves "provoked out­ Some may argue that the extraordinar­ countries in FY 1992 and 1993, respec­ right hostility in Moscow." Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev, who ily low level of assistance to Ukraine is tively. For the two-year period, that spoke to the press after meeting with Defense Secretary Aspin in Germany, based on its reluctance to ratify the two averages out to only 5.92 percent of the sharply criticized the U.S., ruling out the United States' role as a mediator and arms-control treaties. Again, the facts do assistance. While Ukraine has a popula­ indicating that the only proper role for the U.S. would be to compel Ukraine to not support this case. In FY 1992, while turn over its nuclear weapons to Russia. His message was simple: the U.S. tion that is 34.7 percent of the population should side with Russia in this dispute. Mr. Grachev went as far as stating of Russia, Ukraine received only 9.48 (Continued on page 10) unequivocally that the once-Soviet nuclear warheads located on Ukrainian terri­ tory are Russian and should remain under Russian control. The U.S. reaction to Russia's grousing was proper, as officials noted they U.S. grant assistance to the NIS plan to press Minister Grachev to accept its plan for international supervision over Ukrainian nuclear weapons when he visits Washington later this month. Total US. Aid 1 Percent of Now the shoe is on the other foot. The U.S. has recognized Russia's preten­ Nation FY 1992 & 1993 sions; it has understood that Russia wants to be in control over all the nukes of population the former USSR and to take over the former USSR's sphere of influence with­ of NIS Amount^ Percent Per Capita2J out any "meddling" by outsiders, even those it portrays as partners in the new world order. 1 Armenia 1.20 188.0 8.11 55.04 1 An aide to Ukrainian President Leonid Kravchuk had perhaps the most suc­ Azerbajian 2.61 0.1 0.00 cinct and pertinent reaction to Russia's statements. "I think the idea of a multi­ 0.01 1 lateral security arrangement is a normal responsible suggestion," he told our Belarus 3.63 118.5 5.11 11.42 colleague Chrystyna Lapychak , who writes for the Christian Science Monitor. "It seems to me that any assistance from anyone which would speed up the Georgia 1.95 106.5 4.59 19.12 1 process of making Ukraine nuclear-free in the future should be welcomed." Kazakhstan 5.99 82.4 3.55 4.82 1 Why then does Russia protest so much? Kyrgyzstan 1.60 95.9 4.14 20.99 1 Moldova 1.56 54.9 2.37 12.31 1 Russian Federation 52.36 1,448.0 62.46 9.68 1 Turning the pages back. Tajikistan 1.99 15.9 .69 2.80 1 Turkmenistan 1.34 54.6 2.36 14.23 1 Ukraine 18.19 137.2 5.92 2.64 1 In the summer and autumn of 1930, Polish authorities con­ 1 Uzbekistan 7.57 16.3 .70 ducted an operation against the Ukrainian population of .75 1 Galicia, which they controlled at the time. The goal of this 1 Total 100,00 2,318.3 100.00^ L _ 8.12 J "pacification" campaign, as it was known, was to break up and intimidate opposition to the government of Josef Pilsudski, which had come to power by way of a coup ^ In million of dollars d'etat in 1926. The pacification was allegedly conducted in response to a rash of sab­ 2 In dollars otage actions carried out by the Ukrainian Military Organization (UVO), but its focus was much more general and affected many mainstream institutions and communities that were in no way connected with the UVO. The man who oversaw the Polish campaign, as deputy minister and then minister ACTION ITEM of the interior, was Bronislaw Pieracki. A leading activist of the so-called Sanacja During the past two years, Ukraine has received less than one third of its fair share ("healing") regime, he supported the use of strong-arm tactics when dealing with of U.S. foreign assistance allocated to the former Soviet Union ($137 million of $2.3 national minorities in Poland, euphemistically known as the "active policy." billion). During the week of June 14, the U.S. House of Representatives will be con­ Pieracki-sanctioned tactics included arrests, public whippings, torture in prison sidering the Foreign Assistance Authorization (H.R. 2233) and Appropriations (H.R. cells, wholesale searches of entire villages, the sacking of houses and apartments, 2295) bill. removal of Ukrainian shop and street signs, raids on reading rooms and cooperatives, We urge all Ukrainian Americans to call their respective Congressman by June 16 and indiscriminate destruction of cultural artifacts, such as books, embroidery, etc. to express concern about the distribution of U.S. foreign aid. A suggested message is: People were also frequently forced to sign declarations of loyalty to Poland, and to "Although Ukrainian Americans support foreign aid to the countries of the former renounce their affiliation to the Ukrainian nation. In September 1930, the Polish Soviet Union, we would like to express our concerns about the unequal distribution of authorities closed Ukrainian secondary schools in Temopil, Drohobych and Rohatyn. funds. In the past, of the nations of the former Soviet Union, only Uzbekistan received Although Pieracki made some economic and educational concessions to the less assistance than Ukraine. We urge you, during consideration of the bills, to make a Ukrainian minority in 1931, and met with Metropolitan Audrey Sheptytsky and a statement in the House supporting Ukraine receiving its fair share (about 20 percent) number of Ukrainian political leaders in June of that year, he was also responsible for of the aid allocated to the nations of the former Soviet Union." recurring repressions in the Lisko district, and in Volhynia and Polissia in 1932. Congressmen can be reached through the U.S. Capitol switchboard at (202) 225- Two years later he was assassinated in Warsaw, on June 15, 1934, by Hryhoriy 3121. Matseiko, a member of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. Sources: "Pieracki, Bronislaw," "Pacification,'' Encyclopedia of Ukraine, Vol. 3 (Toronto: — submitted by the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America and the Ukrainian University of Toronto Press, 1993). American Coordinating Council. No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR BOOK REVIEW: Ten authors Polish Embassy. A lady answered the Ukraine's name phone and said: "You do not need any visa to come and visit us. Come over and reveal status of women in USSR is important, too have a good time." That really hurt. Poland welcomes me ^^Perestroika and Soviet Women,'^ edited by Mary Buckley. Cambridge, England: Dear Editor: with open arms, and my home country Cambridge University Press, 1992, 175 pp. In a recent issue, two professors stated requires an invitation and charges a hefty by Oksana Zakydalsky gates were women and not a single that rather than wasting time and effort sum for the visa. woman made a speech or participated in writing to inform people of Ukraine's I am sure that there is a well-consid­ Although the title of this book — a discussion. In the election of 1990, of correct name, people should write letters ered reason why a citizen of Cuba or "Perestroika and Soviet Women" — is 450 deputies elected, only 13 were concerning more substantive issues. Vietnam may visit Ukraine without any dated, the contents are still relevant, women. Although in the previous While I agree that it's important to visas, while a Ukrainian with U.S. citi­ proving that events move faster than the Communist Pariiament 30 percent of the л/rite letters dealing with substantive and zenship must have an invitation — an publication of books or fundamental deputies had been women, this was timely issues, I think that it's important, "official" one. Г believe that it is most changes in society. Published by achieved by appointment. Officially too, for letters to be written regarding appropriate for Dr. Oleh Bilorus, the Cambridge University Press in 1992 (but women did speak for women, but within Ukraine's official name. When a matter ambassador of Ukraine to the United written before the collapse of the Soviet limits set by men. of paramount importance comes up, put States, to explain that reason. I have Union at the end of 1991), it poses the Through various examples, Ms. your letter-writing concerning Ukraine's known Dr. Bilorus from various meet­ question, "Are there any changes in Pavlychko shows that today Ukrainian official name on hiatus, and address the ings that he has attended and believe that women's lives, self-understanding and women are not ready to compete with paramount issue of the day. Then, return his explanation will be enlightening. social status comparable to the radical men for power and, although society to writing letters as before. changes in society at large?" Dr. Ivan Pelech does not encourage them in such compe­ Numerous newscasts and television Morris Plains, N.J. It contains an essay by Solomea tition, neither does it want any more programs have had several guests on the Pavlychko titled "Between Feminism women politicians of the old type. The same show (including President Bill and nationalism: New Women's Groups Soviet experience of official women rep­ Clinton in his first press conference from Revutsky reflects in Ukraine." Ms. Pavlychko, a literar}^ resentatives gave affirmative action a the White House) refer to Ukraine and scholar and translator of such works as bad name. "the" Ukraine in the same conversation. "Lady Chatterly's Lover" and "Lord of Ms. Pavlychko examines the few Talk about confusing the public! on Liatoshynsky the Flies," lives and works in Kyyiv and organizations that did emerge in the Ukraine has one official name; it is Dear Editor: is one of the few women in Ukraine ana­ 1990s and spoke as an independent voice only that name everyone should be lyzing issues from a feminist point of In his article "Liatoshynsky: prelude for women. The Organization of using. Thomas Friedman of The New view. to a centenial" (May 2) Virko Baley, Soldier's Mothers agitated against injus­ York Times didn't even bother to give The influence of perestroika reforms known Ukrainian composer and conduc­ tices in the Soviet Army and led a cam­ Ukraine a name on the March 28 broad­ on the status of women in the former tor, stated that while drastically recom- paign against the posting of recruits out­ cast of 'Tace the Nation" when he inso­ Soviet Union is examined by various posing Lysenko's score of his opera side their republics. The Women's lently referred to "those guys" twice dur­ authors from different perspectives: the "Taras Bulba," Liatoshynsky was mainly Society of Rukh (Zhinocha Hromada ing his conversation with Secretary of labor force, agricultural reform, political responsible for its orchestration. Rukhu) organized women around the State Warren Christopher. reform, social issues and literature. As a witness during the conversation task of helping victims of Chomobyl. Not everyone has the time or the incli­ Although most of the articles deal with between Liatoshynsky and my father, Soyuz Ukrainok (Women's Union) nation to write. Each person can, howev­ the issues on a Soviet level and from a Dmytro Revutsky, I would like to make was the first independent women's orga­ er, in a nice way, verbally correct any­ Russian perspective, many of the prob­ a correction. Working on some additions nization that sought to engage women in one (librarian, co-worker, saleperson, lems described would apply to to the Lysenko's score, my uncle, Levko public life. It has become the leader in etc.) who incorrectly refers to Ukraine. Sovietized Ukraine as well. Revutsky, gave suggestions to organizing activities and programs Each time someone writes that as a Liatoshynsky on which instruments Several of the authors make the point involving social and welfare services on result of his or her letter some positive might be used in the orchestration of the that it was only in the era of glasnost that the community level. change resulted, it motivates me to put opera. Therefore, Liatoshynsky openly data on the unfavorable status of women The above examples seem rather my personal computer to work, so, I admitted to my father that it was very in the former Soviet society began to timid when compared to Western femi­ encourage everyone to keep their fingers easy to orchestrate following Levko appear. It soon became apparent that nist thrusts in the last decades. But, Ms. flying over those PC or typewriter keys, Revutsky's notes. He even proposed to women's alleged constitutional equality Pavlychko points out, they should be those pens gliding over those sheets of him that they write a new opera together was underpinned by economic exploita­ looked at in the context of former Soviet paper, or those phone lines vibrating. in the future. Unfortunately this was not tion and political marginalization. society, where the Communist women's Ms. Pavlychko examines the influ­ Yaroslava Benko realized. organizations were politically conformist ence of the nationalist movement in Ariington Heights, 111. and operated under the control of the Valerian Revutsky Ukraine on the status of women. Her Vancouver Communist patriarchy, playing a sec­ conclusion is that "women were never ondary and propaganda role. Although Rude awakening The writer is professor-emeritus, admitted to the economic or political towards the end of the Soviet period University of British Columbia in elite in this society, and they are not .there were 57,000 women's councils on visa regulations Vancouver. admitted now." (zhinochi rady) in Ukraine, they were In the period of rapid political change unimportant, token organizations. in Ukraine, women were active in the Dear Editor: It is not merely the Communist past in Bravo to Cincinnati reform movement and joined the democ­ Ukraine that worked against women's After some 50 years, I decided to go ratic political organizations in large involvement in public affairs, Ms. back and visit my native Ukraine. A mountain climbers numbers. However, they did not assume Pavlychko notes. Ukrainian history and reunion of former students of the gymna­ leadership positions. Ms. Pavlychko Dear Editor: traditions are permeated with the sium high school in Sokal seemed like points out that at the founding congress the proper occasion. And so, full of great Congratulations to the Cincinnati of Rukh, only 8.8 percent of the dele­ (Continued on page 12) expectations, I called the Consular team (featured recently in The Weekly) Section of Ukrainian Embassy to inquire for climbing Mount Rainier. about getting a visa. I had wanted to climb Mount At that point I got a rude awakening; I Whitney, in the Sierra Nevada in was told that not only do I need a visa, California. At 14,495 feet it is the high­ but in addition I must first produce an est peak in the lower 48 states. It is rec­ "official" invitation from a friend or ommended that the climb be made over from relatives. The reunion being only a period of two or three days. As I'm 72 six weeks away, this requirement caused years old, I didn't know if I could carry a a major problem. 60-pound load for 10.7 miles, and back, Upon hanging up, I began to recall the so I decided to do it in one day. marches in support of Ukrainian causes, I started out at 6 a.m. and at noon had the countless letters and petitions written reached 13,000 feet at 7 miles. At this to members of the U.S. Congress, the point I got very tired and had three con­ collections of funds for various urgent secutive cramps in my upper thighs. needs of the Ukrainian people and, yes, Realizing that the rarefied air was get­ also a significant contribution to the ting the best of me, I decided to go back, Foundation in Support of Diplomatic and I stumbled and swore all the way Missions of Ukraine. back to where I had started. In 12 hours I I need a visa and invitation to visit had gone 14 miles. Ukraine. But what is the policy of neigh­ As a consolation prize for myself, I boring countries? Upon calling some drove to the lowest point in the Western embassies, here is what I found: hemisphire, Bad Water in Death Valley, Hungary requires no visa and neither do which is 279.8 feet below sea level. ііІІИіІІІІіІИІ^ the Czech Republic or Slovakia. The John Czytaiio Solomea Pavlychko (left) is among the 10 authors whose essays appear in most interesting news came from the Marcy, N.Y. "Perestroika and Soviet Women" (right). THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

recorded by the Kyyiv Liatoshynsky Mykhailo Kalachevsky ("Ukrainian" Chamber Choir, V. Ikonnyk conducting. Symphony, written in 1876) and It was recorded in 1987 in the St. Sophia Volodymyr Sokalsky (Symphony in G by Virko Baley Cathedral in Kyyiv. minor, written in 1892), although both Maksym Berezovsky is presently works were "discovered" only after the absent from the current catalogue, but 1920s, when Ukraine became a republic one can still find in second-hand record within the USSR. Sokalsky's symphony shops the Angel-Melodiya Sr-401 16 began to be performed again only in the A short history titled "Russian (sic) Choral Music of the 1950s (!). I am writing a special column 18th Century," which includes on these two symphonies. of Ukrainian music Berezovsky's masterful Concerto "Do Western Ukraine's musical develop­ Not Reject Me in My Old Age," as well ment followed a different pattern, espe­ PARTI Muratova in film. as Bortniansky's Concerto No. 24, cially after it came under Austrian rule But first a little background is in Cherubim Hymn No. 7 and Vedel's in 1772. There were two centers in the Ever since I began to write this col­ order. From the 11th to 17th centuries Concerto No. 3. late 18th and first half of the 19th centu­ umn, I knew that at some point I would Ukrainian music developed mainly in Bortniansky is represented best of all. ry: Lviv and Peremyshl. The so-calle receive a request to write a "short history two areas: folk songs and church music. First there is the complete set of all the Peremyshl school produced a group oi of Ukrainian music." I use the term "his­ Original Ukrainian church music chorale concerti recorded by Wolodymyr composers such as Mykhailo Verbytsky tory" advisedly — this is not so much emerged in 1 1th century Kyyivan Rus' Kolesnyk for the Ukraine Millennium (1815-1870), Ivan Lavrivsky (1822- history as a short synopsis, a sort of and quickly spread from its first center, Foundation; another set was recorded by 1873),,Isodore Vorobkevych (1836- short order cook's listing of essential the Pecherska Lavra (The Kyyiv Musicus Bortnianskii conducted by 1903) and Victor Matiuk (1852-1912). ingredients. Monastery of the Caves). The 16th cen­ Myron Maksymiw; and Melodiya has These composers were essentially dilet­ As Ukraine is now an independent tury saw the development of the so- released 2 CDs of selected concerti with tantes — gifted and very involved with state, and since culture is the password called Kyyivan notational system, based the USSR Ministry of Culture Chamber the commamity; they produced music of considerable power, this little synop­ on West European principles. The devel­ Choir, V. Polyansky conducting. Of par­ that was of use to their community: sis may by useful. Also, be advised that opment of polyphony and extensive ticular interest was their release of church music, works for male chorus, this is simply the first in a series of short training of professional musicians result­ Bortniansky's lyrical-comic opera "The theater music, as well as some orchestral histories. This one is an overview. ed in the appearance of the first Falcon'^ (Melodiya C 10-07459-62). The works, mainly from Verbytsky. The Mythopoetic imagination, the Gogolian Ukrainian theoretical handbook, performance is by the Moscow Chamber music was written for amateur perform­ hyperbole and dreams of past glories, "Hramatyka Muzykalna" (Musical Musical Theater, Anatoli Levin conduct­ ers. real or imagined, have long had a ten­ Grammar) by Mykola Dylestky. This ing. The opera is a wonderful example of An important role in this development dency to blur fact and fiction in book was important not only in Ukraine Bortniansky's refined French style that was played by the theater. Although of Ukrainian history. but for all East European regions as the technically inferior quality, it introduced In the collective consciousness of my first systematic treatise on the essentials a number of operas in Ukrainian, among tribe, state, nation, gender or race, the of music theory, aesthetics of music and them Verdi's "La Traviata," Gounod's line between historical accuracy and instructions in musical com.position.As a "Faust" and Mascagni's "Cavalleria wishful (even negative) thinking is often result of the Pereyaslav Treaty, the mid­ Rusticana." Of the Ukrainian operatic blurred, exaggerated or even invented dle of the 17th century saw the exporta­ attempts, Anatol Vakhnianyn's (horrors!). Yet facts are important. tion of Ukrainian music and musicians to "Kupalo" (completed in 1892) achieved George Orwell once wrote: "Whoever Muscovy (Russia). Soon Kyyivan popularity. By the 1900s Lysenko's controls the past controls the future. singers, its notational system and musi­ influence was successful in showing the Vv^hoever controls the present controls cal culture in general dominated Russia need to establish an independent national the past." Well, here arc some of the until the introduction of Italian music musical culture, one that v/as to be facts, mixed together with the salsa of during the second half of the 18th centu- grounded in professionalism. Provincial personal opinion. Fortunately, factual imitations of second and third grade for­ mistakes and opinions are always subject In the first half of the 18th century, eign models became less comm.on. Ал to revisions. musical life was limited to the fostering attempt was made in the first two In one of my previous columns 1 quot­ of church music. The first printing of decades of the 20th century to develop a ed myself: "Only two voices from the Ukrainian church music, the "Irmoloi," professional cadre of composers and per­ chorus of Ukrainian culture have appeared in Lviv in 1707, the second formers. received unquestioned international edition in 1709. As in previous times, Thus, in the first part'of the 20th cen­ recognition and acceptance: the sculptor the most important music center in tury a number of composers of greater Alexander Archipenko (1887-1964) and Ukraine was the Kyyiv Mohyla technical erudition gathered in Kyyiv. film-maker Alexander Dovzhenko Academy. In 1733, courses in music Among them were Mykola Leontovych (1894-1956). Some also know the inim­ were introduced at the Kharkiv College. (1877-1921), Kyrylo Stetsenko (1883- itable and magical poetry of Taras Dmytro S. Bortniansky (1751-1825) The connection with West European 1922), Yakiv Stepovy (Yakymenko) Shevchenko (1814-1861). The rest is a music grew stronger in the 18th century. he utilized for his operas — and quite (1883-1921) and Oleksander Koshets murmur, still undifferentiated from the An outstanding center was the estate of different from his chorale music. (1875-1945). In that all-important peri­ poweri^ul chant of Soviet Russia." Hetman Kyryl Rozumovsky in Hlukhiv. od, from 1905 to 1917, they became the Although much has changed since the His son, Andriy (Andre) was one of the One can also find individual works by all three composers on a variety of LPs base upon which the next generation time I wrote that in 1978 — I still closest friends and patrons of Ludwig could begin to build a professional believe the above essentially holds true, van Beethoven. released by Melodiya — one includes even an instrumental version of the cadre of composers. To that group one but with a few major footnotes. Ukraine The golden age of Ukrainian music above named concerto by Berezovsky. also needs to add the early Stanislav is now independent. The musical world was achieved by three great composers, An interesting LP is "Masterpieces of Liudkevych, whose monumental choral is about to add a third name to the above Maksym Berezovsky (1745-1777), cantata "Kavkaz" (1912) is still an pantheon, that of Borys Liatoshynsky Artem Vedel-Vedelsky (1767-1808) and the Ukrainian Choral Music," Melodiya C 10-27193-006. On it are samples of important and original contribution to (1895-1968), whose centennial will be Dmytro Bortniansky (1751-1825). The the choral-symphonic tradition. celebrated in 1995. Ukrainian inroads predominant field of their musical the Pecherska Lavra harmonic polypho­ After regaining its national autonomy, into the world of music and film have in expression was the sacred choral concer­ ny from the 16th century, and works by modern Ukraine found itself in 1917 the last decade established important to, a very distinct and original Ukrainian Berezovsky, Bortniansky, Vedel and without a viable and immediate musical beachheads with such significant artists musical form. Fortunately, this portion Skovoroda. past. To create such a past and present as Valentin Silvestrov, Leonid of Ukrainian music is fairly well repre­ The lacuna in Ukrainian music, how­ became a primary goal The furiou^^ Hrabovsky, Yevhen Stankovych, sented on discs. Twelve choral concerti ever, is the 19th century. The nationalis­ activities of the 1920s produced mar; Valentin Bibik and Myroslav Skoryk in by Vedel have been released on tic aspirations that swept Europe in the genuinely important musical personali­ music, and Yuriy Illienko and Kira Melodiya SUCD 10-00268 and -00269, 19th century were dealt with in Ukraine with increasing harshness by the tsarist ties, among them Borys Liatoshynsky. It was Liatoshynsky who assumed in regime, culminating in the Ems Ukase of Ukrainian music a position similar to 1878, which forbade the printing in that of Szymanowski and Bartok in their Ukrainian of anything except historical respective countries. Liatoshynsky initi­ documents. The restriction applied also ated the modern movement with a series to musical and theatrical productions. of intense and highly expressive works Towards the close of the 19th century, that in an original way reflected a central Ukrainian musical life was confined to preoccupation with expressionism. traveling theaters, with a repertoire closely related to peasant life. Music played an important part in this The era did produce the composer cultural renaissance, not only in the per­ Mykola Lysenko (1842-1912), who laid son of Liatoshynsky, but in the host of the foundation for the future develop­ professional composers, among them ment of a Ukrainian musical style. In Levko Revutsky, Victor Kosenko (in addition, one must mention the singer- Kyyiv), Vasyl Barvinsky, Stanislav composer Semen Hulak-Artemovsky Liudkevych (in Lviv), to name but the (1813-1873) whose comic operetta most signiflcant ones. For the flrst time "Zaporozhets za Dunayem" (The Kozak in centuries, Ukraine had a chance to Beyond the Danube) still holds the stage form a national musical tradition which, in Ukraine. Important pioneering work even if it hardly ever left its borders, An instrumental ensemble of the 17th century. in symphonic music was done by (Continued on page 14) No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993

by Oksana Zakydalsky creative work that he likes means 12- to 18-hour work days and very rarely a TORONTO — The National day off. Magazine Awards, Canada's top juried His competition is not other photog­ awards for magazine writers and visual raphers, but illustrators, and sometimes, artists, were announced in April, and Mir said, when dealing with a way-out the winner of the gold medal and concept, an illustration would be a $1,000 first prize for conceptual pho­ much easier solution than a photograph. tography was 25-year-old Mir Lada "An illustration is just created out of from Toronto. His winning photo, fea­ your head. With a photo you have to turing a punked-out Boy Scout, was find the objects, the people and the used to illustrate an article in Today's places to put in front of the camera." Parent magazine titled "Scouts and Guides - is Baden-Powell's Brainchild Who decides what goes into a photo? Prepared for the 90s?" Mir replied that this depends very much on the client, but in editorial work the Conceptual photography, as photo illustrator is usually given a gen­ explained by Mir, differs from other eral concept or an idea and it's up to types of photography because the pic­ him to give it content. "Of course, mag­ ture is made rather than taken. "There is azines have a readership that expects a a very big difference between making certain style; for example, trade maga­ and taking pictures," he said. "Taking a zines want a conservative visual back­ picture means you are recording some­ ground — I usually try to give it a little thing found or put in front of you. twist but I have to be careful not to 'When you make a picture, you start out alienate the reader. For creative maga­ with an idea in your head and go out zines, the reader wants to be knocked and find the means to make the photo." back. This is more of a challenge and In the winning photograph, the art gives me an opportunity to experi­ director gave Mir a general idea of what ment." he wanted — a simple shot of a bizarre When doing editorial work, Mir said, Boy Scout — but the styling of the he reads the article he is to illustrate model and all the details - clothing, carefully, dissecting it and creating hair, expression, background - were the visual symbols to go along with the photographer's responsibility. Mir said contents. Then, using the visual compo­ that, although it counts as a conceptual nents, he creates a total illustradon. shot, the winning photo is more He said the design training he straightforward than most of the photos received in his one year of fine arts he creates. 'Юп a scale ofconceptuality, study at the Ontario College of Art has 1 would rate it 3 or 4 out oi 10." proved to be the most significant for his Mir is the son of artists Sophia Lada work. "I don't go to galleries to look at and the late Marco Zubar. He was born photography shows, I go to look at in Philadelphia and moved Vv^ith his paintings, sculpture and drawings. It is mother in 1981 to Winnipeg where he from them that I get my inspiration." completed his high school studies, it In the profession of photography one was in Winnipeg that he got the photog­ has to be able to combine both commer­ raphy assignment that turned out to be cial aspects and creativity. Mir likes his first break. this combination as it gives him the Mir Lada's National Magazine Award-wimiliig photo In conceptoal photography TG (Today's Generation) Magazine, opportunity to do many things: promo­ used to illustrate Today's Parent article "Scouts and Guides," a nationally circulated magazine aimed tion, printing (he does his own color at the 13- to і 9-year-old crowd, was doing a profile ular monthly ones; then he did some covers for the printing), prop building, construction in the studio and article on Miss Teen Canada, who happened to be a magazine and finally became the magazine's photo edi­ even bookkeeping. To help the business side of photog­ student at Mir's school. Mir was asked to do the photos tor — all this while he was still a full-time student at raphy, he has set up a second firm for catalogue photog­ for the story. The magazine liked Mir's work and invit­ Ryerson. As a result, in his last two years of school, he raphy, specializing in reproductions for artists and illus­ ed him to visit them if he came to Toronto. was able to support himself totally through his photog­ trators. He hopes this will eventually be a self-operating In 1986 Mir moved to Toronto to study photography raphy. business and become the vehicle that will allow him to at the Ontario College of Art. The college cancelled the By the time he completed his studies, he had a port­ pursue even more creative work. photography program the following year so he folio of 50 published pieces as well as invaluable expe­ Being American-born means Mir can easily go back switched to the still photography course at the Ryerson rience in meeting clients, negodating and knowing how and work in the U.S. Do the bright lights of New York Institute of Technology, which he completed two years to "source" things. That, he explained, is a big part of beckon? "I have everything I want here, at least for the ago. photography, knowing where to find things, how to find next five years," he said, "then probably I'll try some On coming to Toronto, Mir followed up on TG locations, how to get props and passes. other place just for the change. I don't want to turn into Magazine's invitation to stop in and soon began receiv­ Today, the major part of his photography work and a real workaholic (which I am now). I'm too young for ing photo jobs. Occasional assignments turned into reg- what Mir calls "my true love, which gives me creadve that." and personal sadsfaction," is magazine work which, in his case, is not very lucrative. "Some photographers, who have a narrower range and who specialize in a par- dcular kind of photo or in a pardcular look, use a simple approach. They can do a shoot in a couple of hours. I get bored with doing the same thing over and over again. I do something radically different and try new techniques every time I shoot. None of my photos is ever repeated. It becomes very time consuming," he said. His photos have appeared in numerous nadonal mag­ azines such as Flare, Report on Business and enRoute and trade journals such as Style and Canadian Jewellery. Most recendy, a montage of his photos has been used in Honda TV commercials. He does adverds- ing and client direct work to give his firm, Marat Photography, the financial means to cover the running expenses so that he can do editorial work. "I call myself a conceptual photo illustrator," Mir said. "The reason I don't use 'photographer' is because of the image of the photographer as someone who just takes pictures." The general public, he said, has pardcu­ lar ideas about what photographers are, and it falls into two categories. "One: they think I do weddings as that is the only time most people hire a photographer. Others assume I'm a jetsetdng fashion photographer — breez­ ing into a studio, people waidng on me hand and foot Photo illustration used in a Flare magazine article on and all I do is press the button and the picture is taken." A conceptual shot of Mir Lada. (Photo by Marta laser eye surgery. In actual fact, running both a business and doing the Stefaniuk.) 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

Land For Sale in Glen Spey, N.Y. SPORTSLINE 1,75 acres, wooded lot, with lake rights Medvedev stars at French Open, Medvedev continued, "but mentally 1 am and all were members of the 1992 (315)446-2262 sounds off on nationality Russian." Offering his opinion on the Olympic champion "Unified Team." In new geopolitical order, the tennis ace the high bar event, Mr. Charipov tied for House for sale • Andrei Medvedev of Ukraine made said, "I was Russian when there was a fourth spot with the Belarusian standout Lake Mohican, Glen Spey quite a name for himself on the profes­ Soviet Union. The split is stupid. I feel and eventual over-all world champion. 3 BR, Oak Fl, Parquet LR, 2 sional tennis circuit in the past year. Russian, and to say I am Ukrainian Vitally Shcherbo, with Mr. baths, large kitchen. Swimming, Having reached the semi-final against sounds pretty stupid." Korobchynsky placing sixth. eventual French Open champion Sergi Mr. Picker's Star Ledger item of May boating, fishing, tennis In the over-all competition, Mr. Bruguera of Spain, Mr. Medvedev is 27 also mentioned that the young $75,000 (914) 754-8391 Korobchynsky finished eighth and Mr. now ranked eighth in the world, behind Kyyivan's mother was so concerned Misiutyn (another strong performer at Ivan Lendl (U.S.) and ahead of Michael about his health that "she packed up her the Olympics) finished 12th, although he INVESTMENT IN UKRAINE Stich (Germany). son and shipped him for schooling and placed as high as fifth during the cham­ According to Al Picker's reports in tennis lessons to Moscow, rather than be To receive information on Investment pionships. Opportunities Available in Ukraine, the Jersey Star-Ledger (May 27 and 30), concerned about the Chornobyl fallout In the women's final standing, send your name and address to: the 18-year-old Mr. Medvedev does not near their home." UKRAINE-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT Tetiana Lysenko's gold in the vault and like to talk until after matches. But talk Gymnasts strong at Worlds FOUNDATION he does. Born in Kyyiv, the tennis star strong performances on other apparati and the floor won her the bronze behind P.O. Box 81, Syracuse, N.Y. 13215 is demonstrative about being an ethnic • At the World Gymnastics Shannon Miller (U.S.) and Olympic Russian. "I am Russian, 100 percent Championships held in Birmingham, over-all champion Gina Gogean Russian," he said in an interview at England, in mid-April, Hryhoriy IF YOU'RE LOOKING FOR OFFICE FURNITURE, (Romania). Liudmyla Stovbchata placed Roland Garros. "My parents are Misiutyn took the gold in the floor exer­ OR THINKING OF REUPHOLSTERING in the top 15. ANY OF YOUR OLD HOME Russian. I have never had anybody cise and Ihor Korobchynsky won the sil­ OR OFFICE FURNITURE, CALL Ukrainian in my blood." ver in the parallel bars competition. The star of Barcelona, Odessa's IRENE @ GIMCO CORPORATE SERVICES "I was born in Ukraine and don't (718) 235-3039 Messrs. Misiutyn, Korobchynsky and Tetiana Gutsu, apparendy did not attend WE PICK UP AND DELIVER IN METRO NY AREA mind defending the flag of the country Rustam Charipov (who placed fourth in the competidon and was not mendoned or playing as a Ukrainian," Mr. the parallel bars), are all from Ukraine in the press.

The following changes have been made in the stage program of the 19th Festival announces plaza program annual Ukrainian Festival U.S.A. to be (201) 831-1499 HOLMDEL, N.J. — On Saturday, New York City; the Zorepad Dancers held at the Garden State Arts Center, PACKAGE a'vj FOOD Parcel Se^vci June 19, thousands of festival-goers will from the Troy/Watervliet, N.Y. under Exit 116 on the Garden State Parkway. converge on the grounds of the Garden the direction of choreographer Roma Appearing will be Ihor Bohdan and his group, Halychany, a contemporary folk KOBZA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION State Performing Arts Center in Pryma-Bohachevsky; the Cheremosh 3253 Lakeshore Blvd. W. group from Lviv. Unable to appear are Holmdel, to enjoy a fun-filled cultural Ukrainian-Hutsul Society dance ensem­ Toronto, Ontario W8V 1M3 Oksana Bilozir and the Oksana extravaganza at the annual Ukrainian ble and resident tsymbaly player Andrij Canada Ensemble, and musical stage and screen FesUval U.S.A. This year's plaza show Luciw. Bus: (416) 253-9314 Fax: (416)253-9515 co-chairpersons, Alex and Lillianna star Ed Evanko. Chudolij, have brought in some of the Bilingual hosting of the plaza show For ticket information, call Jaroslaw Container Service Tri-State area's best entertainment and will be provided by Bob Petrowsky and Iwachiw, (908) 369-5164. Festival to and from Eastern Europe promise an incredible three hours of Olha Szkafarowsky-Rudyk. hours: 9 a.m.-6:30 p.m. 1 (800) 463-0943 non-stop Ukrainian entertainment begin­ ning at 11 a.m. on the centrally located mall. NJ, governor proclaims Ukrainian day This year the entertainment includes Hiyts and Stepan — a two-man orches­ FLOWERS tra from Ukraine; Olya, a new singing sensation on the Ukrainian American scene; the Zaporozhians dance ensem­ ble; comedian Roman Wasylyk; the 16- Delivered in Ukraine member Promin Vocal Ensemble from 1-800-832-1789 British war... Landmark, Ltd. (Continued from page 3) Canada began hearing an appeal that will "Wish to correspond with former "determine the fate of a criminal law that inhabitans of, or anyone knowl­ allows suspected Nazis to be brought to edgeable of Grzmaylow (Hrymailiv) justice in Canada." and surrounding area •— southeast Imre Finta was acquitted in May 1990 Ternopil. In rference to historical of committing war crimes in Nazi-occu­ project. Contact David Blitz, 6215 pied Hungary, and the Ontario Court of Flores Avenue, Los Angeles, CA Appeal upheld this decision in April 90056 1992. However, according Mr. (213)292-7911." Vienneau's report, the Canadian federal government has referred the case to the Supreme Court, asking it to order a new trial for Mr. Finta. Gov. Jim Florio has signed a proclamation designating June 19 as "Ukrainian Ш|К ORDER NEW Heritage Festival Day" in New Jersey. Pictured accepting the proclamation ^3 VIDEO TAPES from the governor at the State House ceremony is Oksana Korduba of ^ly H KARPATRSKI ZIRKY Donbas miners... Rutherford, chairperson of the 1993 Ukrainian Festival USA, which will be No. 7784 $38.00 held June 19 at the Garden State Art Center In Holmdel. Ш VATRA GROUP LVIV (Continued from page 1) No. 7785 $38.00 administration of the Donbas region. earmarked for Russia. In other words, Ш KARPATSKI AKVARELI Mr. Kravchuk also unveiled his eight- What is US. aid... No. 7786 $38.00 the percentage of U.S. assistance allocat­ point economic program, which includes ed to Russia for the coming years Ш POCHORON demonopolization of production, equal (Continued from page 6) PATRIARCHA No. 7787 increases by over 13 percentage points rights for all forms of ownership, privati­ Ukraine was transferring its tactical б 1 RICHNYCYA over the assistance for the past two zation of small and medium-size busi­ nuclear weapons to Russia and signing NEZALEZNOSTi years. If Ukraine fared poorly when nesses, and financial and banking the Lisbon Protocol, Ukraine received UKRAINYNo. 1992 $38. < Russia was receiving only 62.46 percent reforms. just 4.84 percent of U.S. grant assistance Ш CASSETTES from of the total aid, how will Ukraine fare Mykola Kuryzhko, a member of the to the NIS. In FY 1993, when the UKRAINE when Russia receives over 75.61 percent Donetske Strike Committee, coal miners nuclear controversy surfaced, that assis­ В 6 RECORDS ONIY $19.00 І of U.S. assistance? of the Donbas may move their strike up Write for free catalogue. tance increased to 6.19 percent. to Kyyiv, "if the Kyyiv factories and APON RECORD COMPANY In his meeting with leaders of the When the $137.2 million of U.S. aid businesses support us." Ukrainian American community. to Ukraine is put into perspective, P.O. Box 3082 Steinway Reacting to Mr. Kravchuk's speech, Ambassador Strobe Talbott acknowl­ Ukrainian-Americans may not be as Long Island City, N.Y. ПШЗ ^ he called the president a "political impo­ edged that of the $4.1 billion committed pleased with the expenditure of their tax Tef.: (718) 721-5599 tent," adding, "He is calling us to work to the NIS by the Clinton administration, money as Mr. Deychakiwsky suggests so that he can live better." $3.1 billion or 75.61 percent is already they should be. No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993

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Miss Kornylo is currently completing UNA ^^ Receives doctorate her sophomore year at West Irondequoit High School, where she is enrolled in ^ssssssssssssssssssssssssss» from Wayne State accelerated math, science, German, and advanced placement European history DETROIT — Maria Kostyniuk Daniv CUT THE COST for college credit. was awarded a Ph.D. from Wayne State OF YOUR STAY IN KYYIV University in Detroit in December 1992. She has been an honor roll student for NEWLY RENOVATED, FULLY EQUIP­ the past two years and has earned a PED APARraENTS, CENTCR OF KYYIV Her dissertation, titled 'The Effect of recognition award from the Goethe PHONE, TV, AIRPORT PICK-UP Instruction on Comprehension and Institute, as well as other commenda­ $180-200/WEEK FOR 2-3 PEOPLE Recall of Prescription Drug Label tions for English, history, math, science, Information in Older Adults," was devel­ and musical achievement. She is sched­ REAIESTATE SERVICES oped and defended in the area of higher TELJ(714)721-8779 uled to take her "matura," an examina­ educational administration. Dr. Daniv is FAX:{714)721-0772 tion to complete her diploma at the Taras a captain in the 232rd Army Nurse Schevchenko School of Ukrainian Reserve Unit. g<>c>oraooooe>eaoe>& Studies. The parents of Dr. Daniv, Dmytro and In addition to her excellence in acade­ Alexandria Kostyniuk, reside in Warren, mics. Miss Kornylo is a member of the LAW OFFICESП Mich. Dr. Daniv has four daughters: Yevshan Ukrainian Dance Ensemble,; Lara, Sonia, Ina and Angie. The Danivs performs with the Kobzari Mandolin of are members of UNA Branch 94. Orchestra and is an accomplished t ZENON B. MASNYJ { pianist. In her spare time, she is a weekly volunteer at Rochester General Hospital. 140-142 Second Avenue Named member of Miss Kornylo is a member of UNA New York, N.Y. 10003 Branch 89 of Rochester, N.Y. Tel.: (212) 477-3002 Appraisal Institute Serious personal injury, purchases Roman M. Kuropas and sales of co-op apartments, NEWTON, Mass.: William J. Mode! featured condominiums, homes and real A Pastuszek, Jr., staff appraiser, Steven C. Ukrainian High School, where he was a Byrnes Associates, was awarded the soccer standout and a three-letter winner. in Teen Magazine estate for investment purposes, A Massachusetts Appraisal Institute pro­ He was selected to the Michigan All- negotiations with government ( State Soccer First Team, All-Midwest fessional membership designation and BOCA RATON, Fla. — Aspiring agencies, small and midsize First Team, and the U.S.A. Ambassador was admitted to membership in the model Shawna Storozuk, 15, of Delray businesses, w///s and probate, Team. Appraisal Institute. Beach appeared in the March issue of Zenon B. Masnyj Mr. Pastuszek, an appraiser for more In 1991 Mr. Kuropas was part of the Teen Magazine as a 1993 Great Model than 10 years, is a graduate of Oberlin Ukrainian American National Soccer Search regional semifinalist. Ms. Dennis T. Chorny College and holds a B.A. degree in team that toured Ukraine. His last four Storozuk is among 480 — out of 24,000 English literature. Mr. Pastuszek is a summers were spent on staff in the entrants — who appear in the maga­ director of the Greater Boston Chapter of nation's leading soccer camps. zine's January through May issues. The' the Appraisal Institute, former president Mr. Kuropas will receive his market­ winner will follow in Cheryl Tiegs' foot­ of the Massachusetts Board of Real ing degree in 1993. He is a member of steps as the October cover girl. KERHONKSON, N.Y. UNA Branch 20, of which his father, Estate Appraisers and current education An avid dancer, Mr. Storozuk has Custom Built Homes Roman Kuropas, is branch secretary. chair, and teaches appraisal at Bentley attended the Roma Pryma Bohachevsky College. summer dance camp in upstate New $69,900 Mr. Pastuszek is member of UNA York for the past five years. She also Branch 231 and is the son of UNA Chosen to serve as dances with the Kalyna Dance Group. Supreme Auditor William Pastuszek. youth ambassador She is a member of UNA Branch 364.

ROCHESTER, N.Y. — Krista Kornylo has been selected to represent Wins World Cup the Rochester area as the people-to-peo­ ple student ambassador to Europe for the poster contest summer of 1993. This nationally spon­ SOMERSET, N.J. — Roman Local builder with 21 years experience cus­ sored student diplomat program, orga­ Holowinsky has been selected first place tom building homes in Kerhonkson is now offering a nizes selected high school students to winner in a poster contest in the eighth participate in a cross-cultural, multina­ ranch, cape or mountain chalet style home grade category, held by the New on your lot for only $69,900. tional foreign exchange. York/New Jersey Worid Cup '94 Host Each home has 3 b / r, 1-2 baths, The process starts in Washington, Committee. l/r, d/r, kit. and full bsmt. Includes all appli- with a three-day orientation and briefing, Mr. Holowinsky's creativity and orig­ |ances, 250 ft. well, ail plumbing, electric and| then crosses the Atlantic to connect with inality earned him $50, a prize ribbon heating systems and wall to wall carpeting. Local land also available. other students in Great Britain, and a commemorative World Cup pin Germany, Holland, Poland, Russia and For more information or set, Mr. Holowinsky was invited to an appointment to see completed home write Belarus. The young ambassadors have awards ceremony held May 4 at the New Box 401 Kerhonkson, NY 12446 an opportunity to hone their diplomatic Jersey State House in Trenton, N.J., to or call: (914) 626-8603 skills and to examine cultural differences join Gov. Jim Florio and the committee as well as attempt to bridge cultural for the kick-off of "New Jersey Soccer gaps. Month." Mr. Holowinsky is member of UNA NEW YORK ^ William J. Pastuszek Jr. Branch 353. KYYIV Tu«»^*p^J!>y Student makes ftdTripfrom$650 mark in soccer Group» from $eoo Your financial Minimum of 10 passengers WARREN, Mich. — Roman M. LVIV Monday Dep. Kuropas, who is on a partial athletic soc­ future can cer scholarship at Robert Morris College BdTripfrom$700 in Pittsburgh, started on the varsity begin today. squad and made his mark as a striker Groupsfrom $650 among national players from Trinidad- call Minimum of 15 passengers Tobago, among other countries. During the last two seasons (1991 and 1-800-US-BONDS 1992), he was the team captain and was chosen both seasons to the First Team North East All-Conference. LOWEST TO UKRAINE U.S. SAVINGS BONDS & N^DEPENDENT STATES Mr. Kuropas started his soccer career THE GREAT AMERICAN INVESTMENT at age 4 with the Ukrainian Cherriyk Soccer Club. He also played with AC Italia, and with Immaculate Conception Krista Kornylo 800*998-6116 Outside N¥ 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

Я Computer Graphic DesignTypography& Illustration Florida Ukrainians greet Petrenko

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ZASIV summer- school of intense Ukrainian language and bandura playing for people 10 years of age and older, who don't speak Ukrainian July 5th to July 25th, 1993 taught by professional teachers. First in Kyyiv and then in Odessa or in Carpathian Mountains. $120.00 per week with accommodation. Dr. Ludmyla Verbytzka in Kyyiv — Dr. Alexandra Melnyk in the USA. Write to Dr. A. Melnyk, P.O. Box 84, Worthington Oh 43085 or call (614)885-0136.

Viktor Petrenko, Olympic Figure Skating Champion and his wife, Nina, met MEMBER with Ukrainians after the World Figure Skating Champions show in Clearwater, Fla., presented by the Ronald McDonald Children's Charities. In photo above, (first row, from left) are: Maria Hromiak, Mr. Petrenko, Stephania Div. of William VIslocky Travel, Inc. fJSISl Cehelsky, Mary Lesawyer, (second row) Joseph Lesawyer, Mrs. Petrenko, 35 East Milton Ave. Rohway, NJ 07065 ' ^'"'""' Alia Barbolak, John Gawaluch, Irene Zenczak, (top row) Stephen Zenczak and Myron Hromiak. Mr. Petrenko, a native of Odessa now living in Las 800-526-2786 908-381-8800 Vegas, spent about an hour with his American kinsmen relating his experi­ Est. in 1946, Rahway Travel U a full serWce travel agency, bonded & insured. ences on tours of the U.S.A. and Canada. Round trip New York From j^^^^^J^j^^^ to Round trip MT^^^JZ^m» New York to^yyiV attitude but the harsh demands of reality. From. Ten authors... Sue Bridger, lecturer in Russian at the Valid on select departures throughout V 1/ (Continued from page 7) University of Bradford, writing on the summer, on stays o£ 14 days. women and agricultural reform, points Departures Mon-Thu Valid aU Ukrainian Invitations & Visas summer long on stays up to 180 icqnization of the feminine and the cult out that the modernization of agriculture Airline Tickets & Hotels days. Fri-Sun travel $869. of the female: the cult of the Berehynia has not provided women with skilled ^— the main goddess of home cosiness; work in acceptable conditions; that con­ Health Spas Air, Spa & Transfers the cult of the mother — the keeper of trary to the popular image, very few From $1499^ the family and the nation; the orthodox women ever drove tractors in the USSR Prepaid tickets cult of the Holy Virgin. Such cults may except at the height of World War II. Kyyiv to Newark seem like innocuous romanticism to us, Women are being pushed out of farming Round trip Newark From^y From y.<^^^^^^'5^.^^?^| to but they are being heavily promoted in and are leaving it faster than men. If Ukraine today by the spokesmen for the women are to be involved in the running Kyyiv Includes Таж & prepmd national revival as part of national tradi­ of family farms, the job of many rural imer long Mon-Thu s7aVVpn^o^\V.Trt?uTtV;v^^ VaUd aU summer long Mon-Thu tions and the proper role for women. women in Western Europe and a possi­ At the same time, Ms. Pavlychko ble future option in Ukraine, conditions points out, "misogyny and sexism are for them will have to improve. deeply rooted in modern Ukrainian soci­ Although the consensus is that women HURYN MEMORIALS ety. They find expression in numerous in the labor force will bear the main bur­ psychological cliches, in behavior pat­ den of unemployment resulting from For the finest in custom made memorials installed in all terns, in political and popular culture, in economic restructuring, whether this will cemeteries in the New York Metropolitan area including literature, art, elitist painting, poetry, propel them to organize and demand Holy Spirit in Hamptonburgh, N.Y., St, Andrew's in South street posters and dirty jokes... Their equality of treatment is not certain. Olga Bound Brook, NJ., Pine Bush in Kerhonkson and Glen Spey roots lie not only in the legacy of 72 Lipovskaia, editor of the journal years of Communist regimes, but also in Cemetery, Glen Spey. Zhenskoye Chteniye, makes the point a strong peasant ethos, in Christian tradi­ that, although economic changes cou­ tions and in certain aspects of Ukrainian We offer personal service and guidance in your home. For a pled with social and political tensions history and culture specific to a non-sov­ bilingual representative call: make the everyday lives of women hard­ ereign country." er, emotional stress does not necessarily Even the history of the national move­ generate moral indignation. "There is HURYN MEMORIALS ment does not give Ukrainian women the enough dissatisfaction among women role models needed to motivate them to P.O. Box 121 with their lives and their place in society. take advantage of the opportunities for Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 10916 But there is not enough recognition of power presented by the changes in post- discrimination against women in society Tel. (914) 427-2684 Soviet society. Ms. Pavlychko refers to as a whole and among women in particu­ Marta Bohachevsky-Chomiak's thesis Fax (914) 427-5443 lar." She attributes this to the lack of a that the activists of the first Ukrainian civil society — a society that consists of women's groups in the 19th century independent individuals who are aware denied that they were feminists and sub­ of their individual rights. ordinated their interests and the struggle for their rights to the general cause of the The essays in the book describe a Ukrainian nation. The family was not society where, according to Ms. ODUM SUMMER CAMPS seen as a patriarchal entity and an exten­ Pavlychko, women are only just begin­ sion of state authority but viewed as the ning to formulate their own spheres of 1993 Schedule institution that deserved strengthening as influence and values outside the domain a sort of national opposition. "For the of the family. In a fairly slim book, the Ukrainians, the function of the family 10 authors — seven from the West, two Counselor Camp was perceived as the preservation of the Russians and Ms. Pavlychko — provide [July 4-July 17] cultural autonomy of the nation against a selective but solid analysis of the Recreational-Educational Camp the encroachment of the state," Ms. impact of economic change and democ­ [July 4-July 17] Pavlychko writes, ratization on the status of women in the A push for change in women's status former Soviet society in general and Toddler Camp (ages 3-6) Ukraine in particular. [July 11-July 17] may come not from a change in image or Bandura Music Camp (Instruction also in Classicallnstniments) [Aug 1 -Aug 14] Need a back issue? Forfurther information and applications: !f you'd like to obtain a back issue of The Ukrainian Weekly, send $2 per copy (first-class postage included) to : Administration, The 201-890-5986 Ukrainian Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ 07302. No. 24 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 13

in fact, been excluded from Mr. Ukraine's search Kravchuk's plans — a development that should come as no great surprise. UKRAINIAN (Continued from page 2) Ukraine sees Russia as intent on playing DANCE CAMP & WORKSHOP 1993 interpretation of Mr. Yeltsin's remarks an increasingly more dominant and one­ about "special powers." Mr. Kozyrev sided role in the CIS; and Belarus's Roma Pryma Bohachevsky, Director noted that he personally was "in favor of "defection" to the CIS collective security at Verkhovyna, Glen Spey, N.Y. confederation, even federation" but that system has reinforced this perception.^^ June 27th - July 17th Russia had to take existing realities into At the same time, relations with the Workshop for advanced dancers age 15 and up account.2^ United States have soured amid August 8th - August 21st Mr. Kozyrev's diplomatic agility Washington's insistence that Ukraine notwithstanding, Ukraine remains suspi­ ratify START I as soon as possible. The Beginners & intermediate age 8-16 cious of Russia's ultimate aims with administration of U.S. President Bill Applications accepted till JUNE 15th. Write or call: regard to itself and the region as a Clinton is seen as applying unreasonable ROMA PRYMA BOHACHEVSKY whole. Commentators have remarked pressure on Kyyiv to fall into line. Thus, 523 East 14th Street, Apt. 3B, New York, N.Y. 10009. that President Yeltsin's claim for "spe­ Ukrainian Foreign Minister Anatoliy cial powers" was made at a time when Zlenko was told by President Clinton in Tel.: (212) 677-7187 he was locked in an intense struggle with March that ratification of START I was the conservative parliament and have the precondition for a long-term success­ suggested that it was meant to appease ful relationship between the United Russia's hard-liners. Indeed, the Russian States and Ukraine. The president and The Source for Ukrainian president's apparent motive for making his ambassador-at-large responsible for this claim reinforces President the CIS, Strobe Talbott, restated this Books - Music - Videos - Language tapes Kravchuk's observation about the dan­ view following the Clinton-Yeltsin sum­ Call us Today for your free copy of the gerous behavior of great powers under mit in Vancouver.-^7 Yevshan Music & Book Catalog 1993 stress. Thereafter, Ukrainian Prime Minister 1-800-265-9858 (USA & Canada) Ukraine's response to these develop­ Leonid Kuchma was allegedly denied a ments has been to pursue the idea of meeting with Mr. Clinton at the White Yevshan Corporation forming a "zone of stability and securi­ House.'"^^ As a result, Kyyiv has become Box 325,Beaconsfield, Quebec, Canada H9W 5T8 ty" in Central and Eastern Europe — a increasingly convinced that beyond the proposal that was first advanced by Mr. issue of nuclear arms, Washington is Kravchuk at the end of February after essentially indifferent to Ukraine and meetings in Budapest with Hungarian that it has placed all of its hopes on President Arpad Goncz and Prime Russia. In a rare show of bitterness, Mr. Minister Jozsef Antall. Mr. Kravchuk Kravchuk complained that the United argued that the collapse of the Soviet States was looking at the nuclear issue Union had left a security vacuum in the from the Russian perspective and ignor­ region that needed to be filled. The pro­ ing Ukraine's security interests. "We posed "security zone" would not be will not take a single step backward," he closed, he noted, and would include insisted, "no matter whom it pleases or Russia. Mr. Antall added that there could displeases. We are defending Ukrainian be no talk of forming a new bloc along interests."-^'^ the lines of the Warsaw Pact and that Ambassador Talbott's May 10 visit to Mr. Kravchuk's proposal envisioned Kyyiv, where he met with President regional security within the framework Kravchuk and other Ukrainian officials, of European security. Regional or subre- was meant to dispel Kyyiv's conviction giona] security, he argued, would only that Washington is essentially indifferent contribute to the process of European to Ukraine. The U.S. envoy downplayed integration.^^^ the ratification issue, saying that he had Ukrainian Deputy Foreign Minister gained a clearer understanding of Borys Tarasiuk also stressed that the Ukraine's position and that a "new start" idea was not to form a military alliance had begun in relations between the two nor tc cut Russia off from Europe. "On countries. He announced that the contrary," he maintained, "it would Washington was prepared to serve as a be to serve as a bridge between Russia "facilitator" in the troubled Ukrainian- and the West."^^i But at the Prague, Russian relationship. According to meeting of the Conference on Security Minister Tarasiuk, the U.S. side made a and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) at new proposal regarding Ukraine's secu­ the end of April, Russia was not among rity that he expected would be the countries listed by Ukraine as partici­ announced shortly in Washington.^o pants in the new security arrangement, Secretary of State Warren although the Ukrainian representative Christopher, appearing before the specified that other countries could be Senate's Foreign Relations Committee added to the list.-^2 on May 1, was more reserved but Mr, Kravchuk's initiative was taken emphasized the importance of treating one step further at the meeting between Ukraine as "the important, fully indepen­ the Ukrainian leader and Mr. Antall in dent nation that it is and [of treating it] the Transcarpathian city of Uzhhorod on with dignity and respect."^' But while April 30. In a joint communique issued the U.S. initiative will no doubt be wel­ after the talks, Hungary noted that it was comed in Kyyiv, political developments ready to cooperate with Ukraine in "the in Russia will continue to play the deci­ promotion and further development" of sive role in Ukraine's security considera­ the concept of "a zone of stability and tions. Ukrainian/American Joint-Venture security in the Central and East European region." With this concept in 29 Molod Ukrainy, March 19, 1993. *SAK. Ltd.> mind, experts from either side were to 30 Uryadovyi Kurier, March 2, 1993. IVe are the link between you and your relatives in UKFiAiNEI begin consultations.^^ 31 Financial Times, April 22, 1993. 32 RFE/RL Correspondent's Report For his part, Mr. Kravchuk joined Mr. (Prague), April 28, 1993. Distribution, sates & service of US Antall in excluding the possibility of a 33 For the text, see Uryadovyi Kurier, variation on the Warsaw Pact alliance May 4, 1993. tractors and small and stressed once again that his proposal 34 Ibid. farming equipment foresaw "clear interconnections with 35 Pravda (Bratislava), May 5, 1993; NATO." At the same time, he noted that Polska Zbrojna, May 4, 1993; and Holos from our showrooms the Central and East European countries Ukrainy, April 9, 1993. did not intend to seal themselves off 36 See Andrzej Romanowski, "Belarus in Ukraine' from "other states, including Russia." Returns to the East," Tygodnik Powszechny, "All we want," he insisted, "is for our April 18, 1993. 37 The Ukrainian Weekly, April 11, 1993; security to be guaranteed and our inter­ For complete product RFE/RL Correspondent's Report information and pricing, call Toll Free: ests defended."-^"^ President Kravchuk (Washington), April 4, 1993; and Ibid has a.so discussed his initiative with the (Vancouver), April 5, 1993. Slovaks and the Romanians, and it is 1 -800-354-3136 (US & Canada) or (914) 227^478 38 The New York Times, April 8, 1993. Bohdan Kryzaniwsky - President / SEPCORP expected to be considered by the Polish- 39 Reuters, April 16, 1993. Ukrainian Presidential Consultative 40 The Washington Post, May 11, 1993. SEPCORP International, inc. Committee. ^-"^ 41 RFE/RL Correspondent's Report 25 Mountain Pass Road, Hopewell Junction, NY 12533 USA Thus, it would seem that Russia has. (Washington), May 12, 1993. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

added to the excitement. A short history... Historically, the generation of the (Continued from page 8) 1960s, the period of the first abortive THE VILLAGE OF ST. VOLODYMYR perebudova, was more important in the A 98 Luxury Condominium Project nevertheless contributed to the national development of Ukrainian musical cul­ treasury. In truth it was necessary to ture than even that of the 1920s. It was For Sale begin at the beginning. during this period that the new genera­ But the age of Stalin intervened. It tion of composers (Valentin Silvestrov, Complete Pacage Ready for Development encompassed collectivization, Leonid Hrabovsky, Volodymyr Huba, Consists of "Yezhovshchina," the second world war, Yevhen Stankovych, Volodymyr and "Zhdanovism." Finally, in 1953 Zahortsev, Valentin Bibik, Myroslav * Plans and specs • Application for building pernnit came Stalin's death. During the years Skoryk, Ivan Karabyts, Borys Buyevsky, Vitally Hodziatsky and others) began to »Zoning Approval 1953-1958, sometimes referred to as the • Cost Analysis "return to socialist legality," Gomulka actively create a distinctly Ukrainian • Engineering • Some pre-sales assumed power in Poland, thus limiting style. Soviet influence there, and the In approaching Ukrainian music, it is Location: North Port, Florida Hungarians lost their "revolutionary" bid important to understand that the pecu­ D.F. BOWERS & CO. for change. By the end of 1956, commit­ liarity of Ukrainian culture as a whole is Asking Price: $575,000 2033 Main St. Suite 542 tees were being formed in Ukraine to its "non-linearity," in common with begin the slow task of "rehabilitating' other societies whose culture was affect­ Sarasota, Fl 34237 the cultural leaders of the 1920s and 30s, ed by shifting political, economic and such as the playwright Mykola Kulish, societal realities. Unlike, for instance, the stage director Les Kurbas, the novel­ Russian or American cultures, which ist Valerian Pidmohylny, and many oth­ were handed down and developed from ers. one generation to the next, Ukrainian culture had a series of sporadic emer­ The "thaw" had begun. In retrospect, gences, between which it had to keep its one could see it as the first "perebudova" Attending university or college in identity welded to each of those societies (perestroika). Contacts with the West that controlled Ukrainian politics. In a Toronto next year? were being resumed: an exhibition of sense, and this may be its central feature, French books and reproductions — not Ukrainian culture has lived (and to a cer­ Be part of a Ukrainian student residence and active only of Impressionists, but also of mod­ tain extent still does now) in diaspora in community centre in the heart of the city ems like Braque, Derain, Picasso, etc.; a its own homeland. Rembrandt exhibition; a Belgian film The non-linearity of Ukrainian culture week; in 1959, English composers and has affected Ukrainian artistic mentality, ST, VLADirvfIR INSTITUTE Western writers (including Alberto producing a way of thinking which often Moravia) came to Kyyiv; and, most defies the logic of "Western" music. It is important, the Poles kept coming, criti­ the dream state, the passive resistance, of cizing everyone and everything. Private Student a person in a vulnerable position. The talks with so many visitors must have non-linear quality of Ukrainian life has resulted in "mythopoetic realism," simi­ Planning a trip to lar to the "poetic realism" found in South American writers. •Affordable Uncommon events become everyday — are seen as everyday. Often such an •September to May availability UKRAINE? attitude toward reality and unreality is •Single Occupancy Personalized marked by a kind of wild humor. 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BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER - UKRAINE Ukrainian crossword Our firm is a leading worldwide executive search firm. We have been retained to assist a major international consumer packaged goods com­ by Tamara Stadnychenko pany with the recruitment of an executive of Ukrainian heritage from the U.S. or Gnanadian consumer goods industry for the position of Business Answers to last week's puzzle Development Manager based in Kyyiv. The BDM will be responsible for sales and marketing, direct support of franchise packaging operations throughout Ukraine, prioritization of additional investments, further penetration of the retail distribution sys­ tem, and overall leadership of day-to-day operations in Ukraine. Three Trade Development Managers and a Merchandising Manager will report to the BDM. We seek an accomplished executive, fluent or near-fluent in Ukrainian, with about five to ten years of experience primarily in sales and distribution with some exposure to marketing at a major international packaged goods company. Some overseas experience would be highly advantageous, particularly in chalenging environments. Compensation will comprise a base salary in the high five figures plus a performance bonus, a hardship allowance, a housing allowance, tax equalization, and full corporate fringe benefits including stock options. A home leave allowance and use of a company car will also be offered. This will be a highly visible position that with success could lead to further excellent career opportunities in this top-quality company. Please submit your resume in confidence to: Michael A. Tappan, Vice Chairman-International WARD HOWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC. 99 Park Avenue New York, N.Y. 10016 goods from 49 countries. Imports from Newsbriefs... Germany and Cuba led the way in terms (Continued from page 2) of quantity. According to entrepreneurs, there are three reasons why Ukrainian ^yyi^ privatization gets go-ahead joint ventures are attractive to foreign The Ukrainian Bandurist Cfiorus and The Society of Ukrainian Bandurists KYYIV — Kyyiv municipal deputies investors: many goods are no longer announce the approved two important documents, sig­ imported from former Soviet countries; naling the beginning of the privatization producers or importers in Ukraine face . program in the capital, said Arnold less competition, allowing JVs to sell TENTH EMLENTON BANDURA CAMP Nazarchuk, head of Kyyiv's Municipal their products in Ukraine at a compara­ August 8th-22nd, 1993 tively high price; and Ukraine offers Property Fund. The two documents are at the All Saints UOC Camp In Emienton, PA the 1993 privatization program (along substantial opportunities to begin pro­ with a prognosis for 1994) and a resolu­ ducing new items. However, western This year's instructors include Oleh Mahlay (UBC Asst. investments in Ukraine are being tion on carrying out auctions. The priva­ conductor), Ostap Stakhiv (Artist of Ul^raine, Instructor in tization program calls for the completion restrained by a lack of legislative protec­ of small privatization by the end of tion for private investors, unclear tax Lviv Conservatory) Julian Kytasty & Marko Farion 1994, 60 percent of which is scheduled regulations, unpredictability of general for more information, call or write: KOBZARSKA SICH to be done this year. Some stores may Ukrainian laws, inconvertability of the c/o Dr. Marko Farion, 26633 Haverhill not be privatized; instead, they may be karbovanets, and the threat of hyperin­ Warren, Ml 48091; tel. (313) 755- 2443 handed over to the state administration flation. (IntelNews) on the condition they are used to serve the needs of the disabled, the aged and OPIC representatives arrive in Kyyiv children of poorer families, the newspa­ MAP OF UKRAINE per Khreshchatyk reported. Mr. KYYIV — Representatives of the Nazarchuk said hundreds of letters of Overseas Private Investment Corp. (in English) intent to purchase various stores have (OPIC), an agency of the U.S. govern­ Scale 1:2,000,000 already been received by his office. The ment, arrived in Ukraine recently, OPIC Printed in Ukraine, 1993 date of the first auction is expected to be specializes in private capital investments announced in the near future. made by Americans in foreign countries. The map shows cities and towns, state borders, oblast bound­ (IntelNews) OPIC is expected to sign a contract aries, railroads, highways, canals as well as data on area and insuring investments made by Universal population. Joint ventures expand in Ukraine Research Technologies, a Texas firm. Cost: $7.00, Includes shipping and handing. Universal is planning to invest $2 mil­ Order now! KYYIV — As of January 1,812 joint lion (U.S.) in a personal computer distri­ Please make checks or money orders payable to: ventures were operating in Ukraine. bution network, reported Vechirniy SVOBODA BOOKSTORE, 30 Montgomery St., Joint ventures are centered mostly in the Kyyiv. OPIC representative Walden Kyyiv, Odessa, Lviv, Dnipropetrovske Case visited Kyyiv's Radiozavod and Jersey City, N.J. 07302 Donetske, Carpathian, and Kharkiv said the firm's television sets, priced at oblasts. In 1992, joint ventures exported 140 (U.S.), could easily compete with KBV 80 billion ($10 million U.S.) worth higher priced Japanese models after of products to 51 countries, but mainly some modernization at the factory. He UKRAINIAN BOOKS to Germany, Lebanon, Japan, Italy, the said American technology and ideas U.S., and Poland, reported Kontrakt. In united with Ukrainian work experience UKRAINE ITS HISTORY AND ITS ARTS — 1992, Ukrainian JVs imported 57 billion and expertise would create a synthesis Second Edition by P. Kardash $45.00 karbovantsi ($19 million U.S.) worth of beneficial to both sides. (IntelNews) UKRAINE AND UKRAINIANS — by P. Kardash $40.00 UKRAINE A HISTORY — Did you know that the by Orest Subtelny — Cloth .....$50.00 Ukrainian National Association offers its paper/back $35.00 members: THOUSAND YEARS OF CHRISTIANITY IN UKRAINE — by O. Zinkewych & A. Sorokovsky $50.00 • First Mortgage Loans CHURCH IN RUINS — • For 1-3 Family Owner Occupied Homes byO.W. Iwanusiw $55.00 • At Low Interest Rates IN THE GERMAN MILLS OF DEATH — • Low Closing Costs by P. Mirchuk, Ph.D $15.00 • Prompt Loan Decisions Orders and Checks send to: Or are you considering refinancing you home? UKRAINSKA KNYHARNIA To find out more about our First Mortgage Loan Program, 4340 Bernice Street please contact our representative at (201) 451-2200 or Warren, Michigan 48091 1 (800) 253-9862 (except New Jersey) 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1993 No. 24

Saturday, June 12 mation, call Anna Mostovych, (708) 359- 3676). LEHIGHTON, Pa.: The Ukrainian PREVIEW OF EVENTS Homestead, 1230 Beaver Run Road, is Saturday, June 19 Ukrainian Catholic Church, 5154 De Saturday, June 26 sponsoring a spring dance, with music by Longpre Ave. Deputy Yavorivsky played Lewko Strockyj. The dance starts at 9 HOLMDEL, N.J.: The New York metro­ a leading role in exposing the Soviet NEW YORK: The Ukrainian Association p.m.; admission: $5 per person. politan chapter of the Ukrainian Medical cover-up of the 1986 nuclear disaster and of Professional Educators is holding a Concurrently, Plast of Philadelphia is Association of North America (UMANA) continues to be an outspoken advocate of meeting open to the public to be held at holding its "Sviato Vesny" tor Ukrainian will offer free blood pressure, glaucoma stronger measures to reduce industrial pol­ the Ukrainian Sports club, 122 Second Ave., 2nd floor, at 1 p.m. Among topics to cubs (novatstvo) and scouts (yunatstvo) at and dental screenings at the Ukrainian lution and to protect the public from the be discussed will be the ongoing project the Homestead. For further information, Festival U.S.A. at the Garden State Art consequences of Chornobyl. A tax- of helping schools in Ukraine. For further call (215) 377-4621. Center, Exit 116, Garden State Parkway. deductible donation of $10 will be information, call Zynowij Kwit, (215) Local doctors will be on hand to answer requested at the door. Refreshments will 769—0889. Thursday, June 17 general medical and dental questions, and be served. A press conference and private literature on nutrition, cholesterol, skin reception with local civic, community, Saturday, July 11 NEW YORK: The Captive Nations cancer, dentistry, etc., will be available. and environmental group leaders will pre­ Committee is holding a special meeting Doctors interested in participating in this cede at 6 p.m. For information, call (818) featuring Michael B, Ryan, legal counsel NEW YORK: The 35th annual obser­ event may contact Ariadna Nychka, (718) 366-5016 or (818) 222-4717. vance of Captive Nations Week, July 11- of the National Captive Nations 545-5934. Committee, who will review political con­ July 17, opens July 11 with a parade of Wednesday, June 23 captive nations and former captive ditions in the Captive Nations. The meet­ Sunday, June 20 ing will be held at The Seafarers and nations, with assembly at Fifth Avenue CHICAGO: Paul A. Goble, a specialist and 59th Street, at 9 a.m.; a march to St. International House, 123 E. 15th St., at 7 IRVINGTON, N.J.: Pre-School Music on the nationality groups that made up the Patrick's Cathedral to attend High Holy p.m. (Muzychne Doshkillia) under the direction former Soviet Union, will speak on "Why Mass at 10 a.m.; march to 72nd St. and of Marta Sawycky, will present the fairy­ Can't We Forget the Soviet Union?" at a into Central Park for the official opening Friday, June 18 tale 'The Frog" at 3 p.m. at the Ukrainian program sponsored by the Ukrainian at noon. On Thursday, July 15, there will Community Center, 140 Prospect Ave. Business and Professional Group of be a Freedom Demonstration at 11 a.m., NEW YORK: The Taras Shevchenko For enrollment in a summer course and Chicago (The Chicago Group). Mr. Goble, held in front of the United Nations Scientific Society invites the public to a the 1993-1994 school year, please call a senior associate at the Carnegie Headquarters, 42nd Street and First meeting with scholars from Ukraine who (908)276-3134. Endowment for International Peace and Avenue. Closing ceremonies are slated for took part in the scholarly conference in former special adviser on Soviet nationali­ Saturday, July 17, with mediatations and Urbana-Champaign, 111. The meeting will Monday, June 21 ty problems at the State Department, will prayers, in Immanuel Lutheran Church, take place at the society's building, 63 discuss how America's lack of expertise 122 E. 88th St., corner of Lexington Fourth Ave., at 6 p.m. LOS ANGELES: The California with the former republics could be Avenue. The Captive Nations Committee Association to Aid Ukraine and the extremely damaging to U.S. interests in notes that the assembly is held to call SARATOGA, SPRING, N.Y.: Soprano Children of Chornobyl Relief Fund are the region. The program will be held at attention to the fact that "although some Oksana Krovytska will appear in the role pleased to present a video presentation the Radisson Suite Hotel O'Hare, 5500 N. Captive Nations are now independent, and of Micaela in "Carmen" at the 8:15 p.m. and discussion featuring Volodymyr River Road, Rosemont, 111. Cash bar and some are in the process of democratization performance at the Saratoga Performing Yavorivsky, chairman of the Ukrainian hors d'oeuvres at 6 p.m.; lecture and dis­ — most are still occupied or have Arts Center. For further information, call Parliamentary Commission on Chornobyl, cussion at 7 p.m. Admission: $12, mem­ Communist military, police, and judiciary the box office, (518) 587-3330. at 7:30 p.m. at the Nativity of the B.V.M. bers, $17, non-members. For further infor­ systems.".

Sunday, July 25 2:15 pm OUTDOOR CONCERT featuring FATA MORGANA СОЮЗІЄКА Saturday, July 31 8:30 pm CONCERT — SOYUZIVKA DANCE WORKSHOP RECITAL; Director: ROMA PRYMA BOHACHEVSKY SOYUZIVKA 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by VODOHRAY /N.Y./ Sunday August 1 2:15 pm Concert SVITLANA NYKYTENKO, soprano SUMMER PROGRAMS 1993 HANNA KUPOROSOVA, pianist Thursday, July 1 6:00 pm Traditional Soyuzivka "HUTSUL NIGHT" Saturday, August 7 guest appearence: Vocal-instrumental Ensemble VESELYI LVIV 8:30 pm CONCERT — DUMKA CHOIR /N.Y./ VASYL HRECHYNSKY, conductor 10:00 pm Social Get-together in the "Trembita" Lounge IVlusic: SOUNDS OF SOYUZIVKA 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by OLES KUZYSZYN Trio/N.JV Friday, July 2 Sunday, August 8 10:00 pm Dance — music provided by SOUNDS OF SOYUZIVKA UNWLA Day LATE NIGHT KARAOKE Saturday, August 14 Saturday, July 3 8:30 pm CONCERT — Dance Ensemble CHERVONYI МАК /Ohio/ 8:30 pm CONCERT — CHAIKA Ukrainian Dance Ensemble / Yonkers/ A Division of Midwest Contemporary Ballet Theatre VIKTOR SHPORTKO, vocalist VIRA MAGDALINA ILCZYSYN, Artistic Director 10:00 pm DANCES — music provided by TEMPO; FATA MORGANA 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by VODOHRAY /N.Y./ Sunday, July 4 Saturday, August 21 8:30 pm CONCERT —Vocal-instrumental Ensemble UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATION VESELYI LVIV 8:30 pm CONCERT — PROMETHEUS CHOIR /Philadelphia/ 10:00 pm DANCES — music provided by TEMPO; FATA MORGANA ANDRIAN BRITTAN, conductor 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by BURYA Яого^о/ Saturday, July 10 11:30 pm Crowning of "MISS SOYUZIVKA 1994" 8:30 pm CONCERT —Vocal-instrumental Ensemble OBEREHY 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by UKRAINIAN SOUVENIR /НУJ Saturday, August 28 8:30 pm CONCERT IN MEMORY of "ALEX" Saturday, July 17 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by SOUNDS OF SOYUZIVKA *** All proceeds will be forwarded to the family of the late ALEX HOLUB in Ukraine, whom he financically supported since his arrival in the U.S. Saturday, July 24 8:30 pm CONCERT —Vocal-instrumental Ensemble Lidan 11 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by KRYSHTAL /Chicago/ Sunday, August 29 10:00 pm DANCE — music provided by FATA MORGANA 2:15 pm CONCERT: MUSIC OF LVIV COMPOSERS

LABOR DAY WEEKEND SEPTEMBER 3,4,5,6TH CELEBRATIONS MARKING THE CENTENNIAL of SVOBODA 60th Anniversary of THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY and the 40th Anniversary of SOYUZIVKA

DANCE EVERY FRIDAY NIGHT TO THE TUNES OF "SOUNDS OF SOYUZIVKA" featuring: HRYC HRYNOVEC AND STEPAN BEN Mistress of Ceremonies: MARIANKA HAWRYLUK

UNA Estate Foordmore Rd. Kerhonkson, NY 12446 (914) 626-5641 FAX (914) 626-4638