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New Records of the Bobtail Squid, Euprymna Hyllebergi Nateewathana, 1997 with Designation of a Neotype

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New Records of the Bobtail Squid, Euprymna Hyllebergi Nateewathana, 1997 with Designation of a Neotype Phuket mar. biol. Cent. Res. Bull. 70: 15–27 (2011) NEW RECORDS OF THE BOBTAIL SQUID, EUPRYMNA HYLLEBERGI NATEEWATHANA, 1997 WITH DESIGNATION OF A NEOTYPE Charatsee Aungtonya1, Anuwat Nateewathana2, Ole Secher Tendal3 and Jaruwat Nabhitabhata4 1Phuket Marine Biological Center, P.O. Box 60, Phuket 83000, Thailand 2Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Bangkok, Thailand 3Zoological Museum, SNM, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 4Centre for Biodiversity of Peninsular Thailand (CBIPT), Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Corresponding author: Charatsee Aungtonya Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: A total of 265 specimens, 118 males and 147 females, of the bobtail squid, Euprymna hyllebergi, are registered in the Reference Collection, Phuket Marine Biological Center, Thailand. Nearly all specimens were collected from Thai waters, the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. The species is here reported as a new record for Myanmar waters and the distribution in the Indian Ocean has been extended to the west of the Andaman Islands. A male neotype is designated on a specimen collected from the original locality in order to replace the lost male holotype specimen. The neotype is deposited in the Reference Collection of Phuket Marine Biological Center, Thailand, as is the remaining female paratype, whereas selected specimens are deposited in National Science Museum Tokyo, Japan, U.S. National Museum, Washington D.C., USA and the Zoological Museum, SNM, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Measurements of the neotype, paratype, and selected specimens are presented and discussed. Key word: bobtail squid, Euprymna hyllebergi, Thai waters, neotype INTRODUCTION placed as invalid while four species, E. albatrossae Voss, 1963, E. bursa (Pfeffer, 1884), E. phenax Bobtail squids are small benthic Voss, 1963, and E. stenodactyla (Grant, 1833), cephalopods, belonging to the family Sepiolidae were treated as unresolved species (Norman & Leach, 1817, which contains about 14 genera and Lu, 1997). E. albatrossae, E. bursa, and E. phenax over 50 species. Sepiolid squids are distributed were known only from the types. The original type worldwide, ranging from tropical to temperate and material of E. stenodactyla is lost, no further sub-polar waters of all oceans (Nateewathana, material has been found in Mauritius yet and the 1997a). description of the species is poor (Norman & Lu, According to the most recent revision by 1997). Furthermore, a nominal species, E. similis Norman & Lu (1997) and a later paper on the genus Sasaki, 1913, was considered a junior synonym by Nateewathana (1997b), 13 species have been of E. morsei (Norman & Lu, 1997). referred to Euprymna Steenstrup, 1887. Six The species E. morsei, E. stenodactyla, species, E. berryi Sasaki, 1929, E. hoylei Adam, E. berryi and E. hyllebergi, have been reported 1986, E. hyllebergi Nateewathana, 1997, E. morsei from Thai waters, the Andaman Sea and the Gulf (Verrill, 1881), E. scolopes Berry, 1913, and E. of Thailand, by Chotiyaputta et al. (1992), tasmanica (Peffer, 1884) are currently accepted Chotiyaputta (1993), Supongpan (1995), in the genus. Two species, E. pusilla (Peffer, Nateewathana (1997b) and Nateewathana et al. 1884) and E. schneehageni (Peffer, 1884), were (2001). 16 Phuket mar. biol. Cent. Res. Bull. According to Nateewathana et al. (2001) the male neotype of Euprymna hyllebergi in order the occurrence of E. morsei, E. stenodactyla, and to replace the lost male holotype and paratypes E. berryi in Thai waters was still uncertain since previously listed in Aungtonya et al. (2006, 2007), the voucher material could not be located. and describes specimens deposited in other However, E. morsei and E. stenodactyla from the museums. This study aims to facilitate future Andaman Sea and Myanmar waters have been revision and taxonomic work on this genus and to registered at the PMBC Reference Collection in update the known distribution of the species. 2007. Future taxonomic study on those specimens is pending. MATERIALS AND METHODS All specimens of Euprymna hyllebergi deposited in the Reference Collection of Phuket The bobtail squids were obtained from Marine Biological Center, were checked and fishing boats, research vessels, fish markets, and measured, but none were in accordance with the fish landings along the Andaman Sea coast of holotype. The first and the fourth authors Thailand and the Gulf of Thailand as described by contacted the cephalopod taxonomists who had Nateewathana (1997b) and Nateewathana et al. previously studied the type material, but they all (2001). Additional material for the present study denied any knowledge about the fate of those types. was primarily obtained from the R.V. Chulaphorn We conclude that the holotype is lost. of the Deep Sea Fishery Technology Research and Euprymna hyllebergi is close to E. hoylei, Development Institute operating off the Andaman but differs in the arrangement of suckers on the Sea coast of Thailand, and from fishing boats, fish hectocotylized arm, the size and distribution of markets and fish landings along the Andaman Sea enlarged suckers on arms II–IV, and in the length coast of Thailand and the Gulf of Thailand. of the tentacles (Nateewathana, 1997b: Fig. 3). Taxonomic studies are based on Nateewathana E. hoylei is known from the tropical (1997b). Western Pacific to North-West Australia (Norman The specimen designated as the neotype & Lu, 1997). It is characterized by lacking enlarged and five lots of specimens were selected from the suckers on arm II in mature males, having 3–4 samples in the Reference Collection of Phuket enlarged suckers in dorsal and ventral rows of arm Marine Biological Center. The neotype was, like pair IV and ventral row only of arm pair III the holotype, collected from small scale fishing (Norman & Lu, 1997, Nesis, 1987). The suckers areas in Trang Province, at a depth of less than 40 on arm II–IV of E. hyllebergi do not have any m off the Andaman Sea Coast of Thailand. significantly or abruptly enlarged suckers Measurements follow those of (Nateewathana, 1997b). E. hyllebergi has a high Nateewathana (1997b). Definitions of number of stout papillae with a slitlike aperture in measurements and indices are summarized in Table the distal half of the hectocotylus. The papillae of 1 and in Figure 1. The difference of the means of E. hyllebergi are crowded in rows of 4–6 suckers all the measurements and indices is compared with in the middle part, and reduced to two rows at the those listed by Nateewathana (1997b). Differences tip of the hectocotylus. were considered significant when The male characters are the most important features distinguishing the two species, E. hoylei and E. hyllebergi. Furthermore, the Specimens of the species, the newly arrangement of the sessile suckers of the male is designated neotype, and selected materials are the only diagnostic feature to characterize the deposited in the Reference Collection of Phuket species of the genus, as well as other genera in Marine Biological Center, Thailand (PMBC), the Family Sepiolidae. Hence it is necessary to National Science Museum Tokyo, Japan (NSMT), select a male neotype of E. hyllebergi. U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C., USA The present report lists all specimens of (USNM), and the Zoological Museum, SNM, this species in the Reference Collection, designates University of Copenhagen, Denmark (ZMUC). 17 New records of the bobtail squid Table 1. Definition of counts, measurements and indices (modified after Nateewathana, 1997b). ML Mantle Length dorsal mantle length measured from the anterior-most point of mantle to posterior tip, along dorsal mid-line. MWI Mantle Width Index greatest straight-line (dorsal) width of mantle as a percentage of mantle length. FLI Fin Length Index greatest length of fins as a percentage of mantle length. FWI Fin Width Index greatest width (dorsally) across both fins as a percentage of mantle length. FBI Fin Base Index length of fin base as a percentage of mantle length. HLI Head Length Index dorsal length of head measured from point of fusion of dorsal arms to anterior tip of nuchal locking cartilage as a percentage of mantle length. HWI Head Width Index width of head across midpoint of eyes as a percentage of mantle length. ALI Arm Length Index length of arm measured from first basal (proximal-most) sucker to tip of arm as a percentage of mantle length. ASI Arm Sucker Index diameter of largest normal arm sucker on each designated arm as a percentage of mantle length. TtLI Tentacle Length Index total length of tentacular stalk and club as a percentage of mantle length. ClLI Club Length Index length of club as a percentage of mantle length. HcLI Hectocotylized Length Index length of modified portion of arm measured from proximal-most modified sucker to tip of arm as a percentage of total length of hectocotylized arm (left arm I). EDI Eye Diameter Index diameter of eye across bulbus as a percentage of mantle length. LnDI Lens Diameter Index diameter of eyelens as a percentage of mantle length. RESULTS and ZMUC CEP-25 have been selected from PMBC 11742, PMBC 11748 and PMBC 11747, A total of 265 specimens, 118 males and respectively. Two females of PMBC 11734 have 147 females, were registered in the Reference been selected and registered as NSMT-Mo 76425 Collection (see Table 2). Nearly all of the specimens and ZMUC CEP-51. The male neotype, PMBC were collection from Thai waters, the Andaman accession number 21339, is deposited in the Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, except for PMBC Reference Collection of Phuket Marine Biological 11781 and PMBC 11775 which were collected Center, as is the remaining female paratype, PMBC from the Indian Ocean, west of the Andaman 11731. Islands and Myanmar waters, respectively. The Selected measurements and indices of the latter specimens are the first records of E. type materials and selected specimens of E. hyllebergi from the Indian Ocean, west of the hyllebergi are presented in Table 3.
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