Potentials, Problems and Prospects of Religious Tourism in Puducherry (Ut)

POTENTIALS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM IN PUDUCHERRY (UT)

Synopsis submitted to Madurai Kamaraj University for the Award of the Degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT

Researcher K. SELVAM, MTM., M.Phil., Regn. No. P4220

Under the Supervision of Dr. B. GEORGE M.Sc., P.G.D.C.S.A., M.T.A., M. Phil., Ph. D Principal i/c, Associate Professor and Head Department of Tourism Management Madurai Kamaraj University College Madurai- 625 002

MADURAI KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY (University with potential for excellence) MADURAI- 625021

MARCH 2019

SYNOPSIS

POTENTIALS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM IN PUDUCHERRY (UT)

1. INTRODUCTION:

Tourism is the second largest industry in the world and it is one of the global industries and the most important in the world economy. It is estimated that the tourism industry holds the bulk of the workforce in worldwide. It involves the movement of people to, and stay at various destinations. Today many new types of trends are found in tourism and it is promoted through the marketing strategy on the needs, and expectations of the market to optimize the factors and elements that contribute to the enhancement of attractions and their services in tourism and its relevance even in the absence of competition enhances its values and it provides satisfaction. This leads to increases in the revenues, incomes, opportunities and so on. In modern times it is the economic contribution to overall economy which has brought tourism into sharper focus. In fact, tourism has many dimensions and therefore, impinges on a society in a number of different ways.3 This thesis focuses on one of the earliest form of tourism namely Religious Tourism.

2. DEFINITION OF TOURISM

The word “Tourism” originated from Latin word “TOURNUS”, which means a tool for describing a circle of turner’s wheel. It is from this word the concept of round or Package tour was evolved. It was as late as 1643. This term was first used in the sense of travelling from place to place. The word “tourism” consists of all these trades, which together satisfy the varied needs of the travellers.

Finally, to UNWTO. (United Nation World Tourism Organization) defines tourism as a set of activities undertaken by people travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for Leisure, Business and Other Purposes.1

1 www.unwto.org

3. CONCEPT OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM In the Concept of Religious Tourism, the practice of religious tourism is visiting more than one religious sites. To learn the practices of cultural activities, habitat, entertainment, enjoyment, and so on. Some of the points of the concepts of religious tourism are: It is more than pilgrimage, seeing changes for the religious harmony, and the opportunity for the promotion of destinations and it is livelihood of them.

4. BENEFIT OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM: Religious communities located throughout the world sometimes arrange trips to holy sites. These groups often organize events to raise funds to cover the cost of the trip so that members who lack the means to cover their own costs are able to go on the trip. In some instances, religious groups contact other members of the faith who live close to the holy sites and arrange for travellers to stay in monasteries or other properties that are operated by members of the religious faith.

5. REVIEW OF LITERATURE The review of existing literature on the chosen topic of the thesis are as follows: Donald V.L Macleod in the book Tourism, Globalisation and Cultural – an island community Perspective has defined the Religious tourism concept as a personalised experience and practice of the lifestyles of the future activities of the old civilisation or cultures that follow many of the activities and some spirituality and faith based on religions.2

Aruna Deshpande in the book 150 Fascinating Destinations in India describes Pondicherry as a place of religious tourism with several sites of religious and spiritual interest. Additionally, visitors interested in religious sites in southern India will find

2 Donald V.L Macleod, “TOURISM, GLOBALISATION & CULTURAL CHANGE – An Island Community Perspectives”, Published by: Viva Books Private Limited, 4737, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002. 2006.

Pondicherry to be an ideal base, as the city has excellent road connectivity. Puducherry as a secular state that has many Hindus, Christians, Muslims, Jains, Sikhs etc.3

6. RESEARCH GAP:

The Reviews of literature presented in this chapter has covered the religious concepts, benefits of tourism, religious Tourism in India along with religious tourist destinations in India and also Puducherry. The Religious Tourism has been Organized from rights from the beginning of organized tourism in world. India being a country with many religious practices has great opportunity for Religious Tourism. The reviews show that the religions have got many visitors in the form of Pilgrims and general tourists but there is a lack of organized Religious Tourists with respect to Puducherry (UT). Inspite of the economic benefit, religious harmony benefit availability of world famous Religious Destinations it is found that the Opportunities for Religious Tourism in Puducherry (UT) is not put to best use therefore this study is validated to Present “Potentials, Problems and Prospects of Religious Tourism in Puducherry (UT

7. RELIGIOUS FRAMEWORK AT PUDUCHERRY (UT)

A trip to Puducherry is like a journey in time with a vibrant present celebrating its interesting past. “History goes back to the Roman times, but factually started with the arrival of the French in 1963, who founded the town and built it in its present form, during the two and a half centuries they occupied it.” “Puducherry” is the French interpretation of the original name “Puducheri” meaning “new settlement”. Many pilgrims have shared the town’s hospitality on their way to the temple town of Rameshwaram, thus enriching its culture. Puducherry also had a flourishing maritime history. Excavations at Arikamedu, about 7 kms to the south of the town, show that Romans came here to trade in the 1st Century AD. The trade included dyed textiles, pottery and semi-precious stones. The findings are now displayed in the Puducherry Museum. Ancient Roman scripts mention one of the trade centres along the Indian coast as Poduca or Poduke, which refers, historians affirm, only to the present Puducherry. Before this period nothing is known with

3 Aruna Deshnapande, “150 FASCINATING DESTINATIONS IN INDIA”, published by: Crest publishing House, G2 – 16 Ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110002. 2003.

certainty. Puducherry (UT) wise the religious population and its frame works of religions are discussed given under below:

Religion Wise Population in Puducherry Union Territory: Religion forms an integral part of Indian Social System. The pre-independence Census Reports data on religion presented for 6 major religions namely Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, and Others. The 2011 census of religious population at the Puducherry Capital Region, Karaikal, and Mahe. But the Yanam region religion were presented for 3 major religions namely Hindus, Muslims, Christians and Others details are given below in table 8.1.

Table Number: 8.1

Religion Wise Population in Puducherry (UT)

Serial PUDUCHERRY KARAIKAL MAHE YANAM Religion Number Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage

1 Hindus 855294 90.00 % 152638 76.23 % 27940 66.82 % 53537 96.24 %

2 Islam’s 32674 3.44 % 28835 14.40 % 12856 30.74 % 1191 2.4 %

3 Christs 58328 6.14 % 18391 9.19 % 958 02.29 % 873 1.57 %

4 Sikhs 245 0.03 % 46 0.02 % 03 0.01 % 03 0.01 %

5 Buddhist’s 366 0.04 % 63 0.03 % 21 0.05 % 01 0.00 %

6 Jains 1328 0.14 % 54 0.03 % 14 0.03 % 04 0.01 % 7 Others 2054 0.22 % 95 0.10 % 24 0.06 % 17 0.03 %

TOTAL 9,50,289 100 % 2,00,122 100 % 41,816 100 % 55,626 100 % Source: Government of Puducherry, 2011. (www.pdygov.in)

8. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The Objectives of the Study are: 1) To document the religious Potentials of Puducherry Union Territory. 2) To Study the Possibilities of religious tourism in Puducherry Union Territory.

3) To identify the Problems for Religious Tourism at Puducherry Union Territory. 4) To Offer Prospective suggestion and solutions for identified problem

9. NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Puducherry is considered as one of the Religious, Peaceful and booming weekend destinations and has the immense potential to strengthen the local economy besides opening employment opportunities. Puducherry has a distinct spiritual vibration that cannot be felt anywhere else in India. The blend of spiritual aura, Colonial heritage, Tamil Culture and the cosmopolitan flair of many nationalities is an additional advantage to this spiritual land. This inherent ambience of Puducherry becomes most evident in the oldest part of the town which flanks the seashore and boulevard. Quiet beaches and peaceful resorts in the north and south of the city balance the town‟s busy, yet easy going life. The town of Puducherry has a wide choice of hotels to choose from, Beach resorts for tourists and families, Heritage hotels for those who want to experience something out of the ordinary, high class commercial hotels for the corporate visitors and the Ashram and Auroville Guest Houses for the spiritual seekers. Puducherry is also emerging as a favourite shopping destination for many of the travellers, besides being the birth place of several world class brands in leather, pottery, aromatics, fashion and handmade paper. The rich heritage of Puducherry with a spiritual aura draws tourists from far and wide. The growing number of Religious and weekend tourists and the emergence of Puducherry as premier destination in South India prompted a systematic enquiry into the phenomenon.

10. SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

The scope of the Study is to bring out the Tourism Attractions in the Religious Tourism destination and to know details about the Places of the Worship (Temples, Churches, Mosques, Meditation Hall, Yoga Centre, Ashrams, and etc.), Beaches, Resorts and restaurants, Monuments and statues, Parks, Gardens, Museums, and other tourist spots in the Puducherry (Pondicherry) Union Territory four regions Tourism destinations such as Puducherry Capital Region, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam.

11. STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

The religious tourism market in Puducherry Union Territory regions is still in its initial stage of development. The sector has been plagued with obstacles and problems which have resulted in the minimization of its role in economic and social development and the absence of clear strategic perspectives and means of development therefore until now the subject of religious tourism in Puducherry wasn’t placed in the strategic development plans; this contributed to a continuous decrease concerning the importance of this type of tourism. Along with the general lack of data and information regarding this special aspect of tourism, historical religious sites are poorly managed, maintained and interpreted. There has been little support or encouragement for archaeological research which would contribute to the fund of information and interpretation. Most importantly, the industry lacks set itineraries that could enhance and attract tourists and pilgrims to these sites. Many of the problems which face religious tourism and holy sites in Puducherry are cultural and political: There are conflicts regarding doctrine and interpretation between Muslims, and of course deep political conflicts between Christians and Jews concerning the status and interpretation of the Holy Land. These religious and political conflicts present a set of challenges which are not within the range of the tourism industry to address. This study is significant because it is the first academic study peaceful and treating religious tourism in Puducherry and to explore the complex changes which have taken place since the state borders changed in 1967, dramatically affecting tourism. By examining analytically, the religious tourism sector, including its infrastructure and superstructure, the study aims to shed light on issues critical to the development of the tourism sector in Puducherry (UT). As will be shown, religious tourism generates investments and boosts related industries, such as handicrafts. Shopping, and etc. The research presented here is based on certain assumptions about the relationship between the tourism industry and religious tourism destinations:

Promoting religious tourism as a product, especially the various Hindus, Islamic and Christian holy sites, would lead to an increase in national income from tourism.

Neglect of proper services and facilities provided to the tourists adversely affects the growth of the tourism industry; concomitantly, development of facilities and services for tourists would contribute to increase growth in the industry.

Modern media, such as the Internet, play an important role in attracting tourists to Puducherry union territory and promoting the many attractions that it has to offer.

The common religious heritage between the three monotheistic religions in the holy sites can be a factor in promoting dialogue and positive relationships between these religious traditions.

Religious tourism is a great Opportunity for the entire nation. Puducherry with unique tourism potential can make use of the religious harmony commonly prevailing to develop Religious Tourism. This study presents a blend of religious centres of all religions in the entire state of Puducherry with an Improved framework for religious tourism in Puducherry (UT).

12. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The Limitation of the studies are:

1. The Religious Centres of Puducherry (UT) are Seprated by the geographical location has Puducherry is Spread to entire South India.

2. The general attitude of tourist visiting Puducherry is leisure and weekend visiting based therefore a concentrate effort to visit the religious centres is yet become famous.

3. Environmental conditional in Puducherry has high amount of Cyclonic monsoon during November and December months of the year, this environmental condition overlaps with the general tourism season of India namely November to February.

4. The Political administration of Puducherry (UT) does not cover some of the famous religious centres such as Nagore Dargah, Velankanni church in Tamilnadu therefore the religious tourists are missed for Puducherry.

5. Since Puducherry was under French rule and the neighbouring states (Tamilnadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh) were in British rule the general cultural Practices are also varying. This Leads to certain limitations in organizing religious Tourism.

13. PERIOD OF THE STUDY

The Period of the Study of this research used Literary data of Past 30 years. The Primary data was collected over two years (2016 to 2017).

14. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

In the present study use of both primary and secondary resources date were evaluated along with the challenges faced, the problems and prospects of religious tourism in Puducherry Union Territory. A brief description of the methods adopted is as under:

14.1 Literary Method: For tracing the history of tourism development and its religion activities the use of secondary resources was made. Following secondary resources to seek information about various developmental programmes, festivals, and tourism-related facts, the following were considered: i) Religion and its Religion tourism reviews of Puducherry Union Territories. ii) Five Year Plan of Government of India and Government of Puducherry. iii) Statistical reports and its outline of Puducherry Union Territory. iv) Annual Reports, estimates of receipts, budget and accounts of Government and Puducherry Union Territory. v) District (regions = Puducherry Capital Region, Karaikal, Mahe, and Yanam) yearly report, Gazetteers for the Puducherry and so on.

14.2 Survey Method: The primary data for the present study were collected from the tourists visiting the Puducherry Union Territory regions of Puducherry Capital Region, Karaikal, Mahe, and Yanam to seek their views with regards to tourist’s attractions, facilities available and problems and prospects faced while visiting different religious and other tourist’s sites in the following manner with the help of a Questionnaire.

15. DATA COLLECTION: The Data were collected in two methods such as:

16.1 Primary Data: Data were collected through a questionnaire, Interviews, observation and discussion to the directly from the main part destination gazetteer, and folders released by the Department of tourism in the Puducherry (Pondicherry) destination.

16.2 Secondary Data: Secondary data were collected from both published and unpublished sources to understand, substantiate and validate the principal facts, concepts, theories, roles, functions, issues, challenges, problems and prospects of weekend tourism, tourist expectations and tourist experiences. The main sources of secondary data were national and international journals, books, magazines, databases, newspapers, pamphlets, brochures, State and Central Government tourism reports, World Travel and Tourism Council Reports, and United Nations World Tourism Organization Reports. Information and data related to the origin, evolution, growth and current developments in tourism industry, domestic tourism, Religious tourism, tourist’s expectations, experiences and the tourist’s satisfaction were obtained from these secondary sources.

16.3 Tools for Analysis: The collection of primary and secondary data was analysed by a Chart analysis and etc. They were more meaningful tools for analysing the Topic in the Data Collection technique questionnaire was used by the researcher for collecting primary data. Interview Schedule refers to a list of questions that was discussed with the respondent in person by an interviewer who has also recorded the answers given by the respondent. Also the respondents were allowed to fill the questionnaires by themselves if they wished to do so. The Researcher used multiple choice, Yes or No type, Likert’s Scale Type, Ranking type, and extra types of questions in the interview Schedule., Garrett’s Ranking Score Table and etc. are also used in the statistical tool analysis of them.

16. CHAPTER SCHEME

1. The entire reports are organized and presented in the Five chapters. 2. The First Chapter gives an introduction to the tourism subject, tourism history, structure, various Concepts and definitions, types, benefits, and religious tourism situation in India.

3. The Second Chapter deals with the Reviews of the Religions and Religious tourism, concepts, problems, Destinations in India, role of Governments Puducherry Union Territory and Puducherry and Tourism. 4. The Third Chapter deals with of the Puducherry Union Territory tourism historical background, the profiles (General Information), tourism Infrastructure, Tourism Types, accommodation and restaurants, and Better development. 5. The Fourth Chapter includes details about the various definitions & concept of religion and religious Tourism, religious activities, religious Events, and the Data Analysis and interpretation of the Puducherry Union Territory Religious Tourism Problems, Prospects and Potential. 6. The Fifth Chapter includes the Suggestions, Recommendation and the Conclusion. 17. FAIRS AND FESTIVALS OF PUDUCHERRY (UT)

Pondicherry has various unique fairs and festivals throughout the year. A strong connection with Tamil Nadu blended with the history of French and the strong influence of the ashram together bestow:

Table No. 17.1 Favourable and Famous Fairs and Festivals in Puducherry (UT)

Sl. Span of Regular Date of Event Name of the Festival & its Importance No. the Event Particularly tamil month MASI MAGHAM: The Puducherry In & 1 of Masi & the Star of Around all Gods in a Chariot at the Sea snore Annual Maagam. of them. MANGANI – Karaikal Ammaiyar temple Every Year Tamil which holds and throw the mangoes worships 4 Month Aani lasting a Annual the prayer and aims to send Goddess month. Ammaiyar Every Month the MASK FESTIVAL – It is Promote Tourism 5 Annual English month of April and Traditional and Cultural activities. BASTILLE DAY: the Fête de la Federation Every year the English 6 which celebrated the unity of the French Annual M0onth of 14th July people Source: Developed by Researcher using Literary sources and Personnel observations.

18. AN ANALYSIS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM:

These are the Statistical tools used in this Dissertation for Analysing the data. After analysis, the data the collected are presented in tables. After the presentation of analysed data in tables, their interpretation is also given. The data were gathered using a Questionnaire. The questionnaire is based upon the opinions and views of the Tourists of the different religions about the Holy places and related information’s in Puducherry Union Territory In Sample size of the Survey there are totally 200 Respondents Requests and our Opinion in the Puducherry Union Territory Religious Tourism were are collected through the Questionnaire. They were 160 respondents who were Domestic Tourists and 40 Respondents were International tourists.

Table Number: 18.1 Problems in Religious Tourism at Puducherry (UT)

Problems in the Religious SDA DA NE A SA Sl. Tourism at Puducherry No (UT) N P N P N P N P N P

Availability of Dharshan 1 60 30 Nil Nil 40 20 56 28 44 22 Time

Not Allowing Other religion 2 20 10 20 10 Nil Nil 80 40 80 40 People

3 Overcrowding on Festival Nil Nil 120 60 42 21 Nil Nil 38 19

4 No Tourist Circuit Bus Nil Nil 80 40 80 40 40 20

No Parking Facility, Package 5 100 50 100 50 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil and Non Season Offer

6 Poor Road Facility Nil Nil 90 45 110 55 Nil Nil Nil Nil

Quality and Quantity of and 7 Nil Nil 70 35 100 50 30 15 Nil Nil Room

Safety/Security and Medical 8 80 40 80 40 40 20 Nil Nil Nil Nil Facility in accommodation Source: Primary Data

As per the Table Number 19.1 the problems of the religious tourism at Puducherry (UT). Some of the problems are inferred below such as:

Among the Problems of Availability of Dharshan time Domestic tourists needed more dharshan time has denoted by 24 (48) Percent respondents of Religious tourists to Puducherry

Among the Problems of Not allowing people of Other Religion Domestic tourists needed more all tourist allow has denoted by 32 (64) Percent respondents of Religious tourists to Puducherry

Among the Problems of No tourist circuit buses Domestic tourists needed more buses has denoted by 32 (64) Percent respondents of Religious tourists to Puducherry.

19. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATION:

19.1 Suggestions: Religious tourist expectations regarding the tourism facilities like transportation, accommodation, safety and security, hygienic factors, etc. need to be analysed periodically in the light of the ever changing expectations of the tourists.

1. Religious tourist satisfaction factors such as attractions, accessibility, accommodation, entertainment activities, service quality and shopping facilities need to be addressed more steadily and systematically.

2. Religious tourist satisfaction factors such as attractions, accessibility, accommodation, entertainment activities, service quality and shopping facilities need to be addressed more steadily and systematically.

3. PTDC has to embark on a massive awareness campaign about the potential of Puducherry for religious period. However, appropriate care may be taken in instilling the tourist’s consciousness about respecting local ethos and culture. Through circulation of information brochures and leaflets or notifications at the hotels about Dos and Don’ts during their visit

4. Puducherry Tourism needs to concentrate more on promoting religious tourism as it reduces seasonal issues of the destination and keeps the tourism business live and active throughout the year.

19.2 Recommendations: Based on the findings of this research, following recommendations are made in order to increase the number of tourist arrivals and to make their trips memorable. Recommendations are made with respect to four important components of tourism such as Attractions, Transport, Accommodation and other Tourist facilities.

1. Provide furniture to sit and relax along the open and rural religious sites.

2. Basic tourist facilities such as tourist information centres, safe drinking water facilities, seating arrangements, kiosks, clean and hygienic rest rooms, and adequate parking place need to be provided.

3. A joint initiative by Puducherry and Tamilnadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC) may help develop the religious tourism sites and its activities etc

4. Hop on Hop off buses operated by PTDC/ PRTC are required to make local sightseeing trips a pleasant exercise. If these services are not possible, at least One Day tickets (that include unlimited travel for a day) at nominal costs may be tried out.

20. AREA OF FURTHER RESEARCH:

The area of the Further researches are:

1. A similar study for other states 2. A Comparative study on Religious Tourism in Puducherry and Tamilnadu. 3. An exclusive study on specific religions such as Hinduism, Christianity, Islam and etc. 4. A study on Event Management for Religious Tourism 5. A study on Development of culture as a destination through Religious Tourism.

21. PROPOSAL

1. Religious Tourism in Puducherry can be initiated has a seprate wing with all types of religion. This will help inter-religious harmony in Puducherry Capital region

2. Puducherry (UT) is Spread across three states of South India. Each of the districts have important religious centres. So a state religious Pilgrimage tour can be organized using PTDC (Puducherry Tourism Development Corporation). For example, in the case of Hinduism the four Important Destinations of Puducherry (UT) are namely Manakula Vinayagar Temple in Puducherry, Sri Thirunallar Saneeswarar Temple in Karaikal, Sri Krishna Temple in Mahe and Venkanna Babu Perumal Temple in Yanam.

3. Matrimandir in Aurovile has many tourist and religious visitors but these location has a limitation on the number of visitors permitted for a day may be announced online along with online booking. It will help for a planned tour for the destination.

4. Puducherry has lot of lesser known religious centres which are not event highlighted in tourism brouchers. Such as Kottakuppam Church, Veerampattinam – Sengazhneer Amman temple, Prathinkara Kali Temple,

5. With respect to Karaikal a great opportunity is available to conduct of Religious Tourism covering Thirunallar in Karaikal, Nagore Dargah, Velankanni Mothers Marry Church in the Neighbouring Tamilnadu.

6. Puducherry (UT) has many festivals each festival can be made a special occasion for organising tourism carnival.

7. Culture of Puducherry (UT) has lot of performing arts such as Therukoothu, Bommallattam, Karakam, Puliyattam, Hotter ballons and etc.

8. Introduce tourism police, Bay of Watch Life Gods.

22. CONCLUSION

The main objective of this research is to develop a profile and an operating model for weekend tourists and to examine the gaps in expectations and experiences of weekend tourists on tourism facilities and destination specific factors of Puducherry destination. The study found that majority of the religious tourists are satisfied with the available tourism facilities and destination specific factors. Religious tourist’s problems and prospects depend on two main factors such as tourism facilities and destination specific factors. Further, satisfaction of Puducherry weekend tourists was influenced by factors such as transportation, accommodation, destination facilities, cultural and spiritual attractions, shopping, entertainment, water sports and other tourist amenities. The study has shed light on the primary characteristics of the religious tourists. The research findings have facilitated to explain the purpose for taking holiday and festival period and also brought out religious tourist’s travel behaviour. Majority of religious tourists to Puducherry arrived from Bangalore and Chennai. These findings should provide sufficient information or knowledge for better marketing strategies to attract this tourist segment.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books: Doswell, R., “FURTHER CASE STUDIES IN TOURISM”. Published by: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd., London: (1978). Donald V.L Macleod, “TOURISM, GLOBALISATION & CULTURAL CHANGE – An Island Community Perspectives”, Published by: Viva Books Private Limited, 4737, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002. 2006. Michael Stausberg, “RELIGION AND TOURISM – Crossroad, Destination & Encounters”, Published by: Routledge, 270 Madison Avenue, New York – 100016. 2011. Aruna Deshnapande, “150 FASCINATING DESTINATIONS IN INDIA”, published by: Crest publishing House, G2 – 16 Ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110002. 2003. Reports: Government of India (2010). Puducherry Development Report. Planning Commission of Indian. Government of Puducherry. “PUDUCHERRY AT A GLANCE 2015. RETRIEVED FROM DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS”, 2015. TATA Economic Consultancy Services, “20 YEAR PERSPECTIVE PLAN FOR TOURISM IN UNION TERRITORY OF PONDICHERRY”. 2003. Websites: www.ttdc.org www.ptdc.org www.censusofindia.in wwwitdc.org www.jstor.org. www.pdy.gov.in.