Octopus Minor
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Genetic Identification of Octopodidae Species in Southern California Seafood Markets: Species Diversity and Resource Implications
Genetic Identification of Octopodidae Species in Southern California Seafood Markets: Species Diversity and Resource Implications Chase Martin Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Abstract Various species of Octopodidae are commonly found in seafood markets throughout Southern California. Most of the octopus available for purchase is imported, with the majority of imports coming from various Asian nations. Despite the diversity of global octopus species, products are most commonly labeled as simply “octopus,” with some distinctions being made in size, e.g., “baby” or “little octopus.” In efforts to characterize species diversity, this study genetically tested 59 octopus samples from a variety of seafood markets in Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego Counties. Universal 16S rRNA primers (ref) and CO1 primers developed by Folmer et al. (1994) were used for PCR amplification and sequencing of mtDNA. In all, 105 sequences were acquired. Seven species were identified with some confidence. Amphioctopus aegina was the most prevalent species, while two additional species were undetermined. Little available data exists pertaining to octopus fisheries of the countries of production of the samples. Most available information on octopus fisheries pertains to those of Mediterranean and North African nations, and identifies the Octopus vulgaris as the fished species. Characterizing octopus diversity in Southern California seafood markets and assessing labeling and countries of production provides the necessary first step for assessing the possible management implications of these fisheries and seafood supply chain logistics for this group of cephalopods. Introduction Octopuses are exclusively marine cephalopod mollusks that form the order Octopoda. -
Pharaoh Cuttlefish, Sepia Pharaonis, Genome Reveals Unique Reflectin
fmars-08-639670 February 9, 2021 Time: 18:18 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 15 February 2021 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.639670 Pharaoh Cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis, Genome Reveals Unique Reflectin Camouflage Gene Set Weiwei Song1,2, Ronghua Li1,2,3, Yun Zhao1,2, Herve Migaud1,2,3, Chunlin Wang1,2* and Michaël Bekaert3* 1 Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China, 2 Collaborative Innovation Centre for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China, 3 Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom Sepia pharaonis, the pharaoh cuttlefish, is a commercially valuable cuttlefish species across the southeast coast of China and an important marine resource for the world fisheries. Research efforts to develop linkage mapping, or marker-assisted selection have been hampered by the absence of a high-quality reference genome. To address this need, we produced a hybrid reference genome of S. pharaonis using a long-read Edited by: platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies PromethION) to assemble the genome and Andrew Stanley Mount, short-read, high quality technology (Illumina HiSeq X Ten) to correct for sequencing Clemson University, United States errors. The genome was assembled into 5,642 scaffolds with a total length of 4.79 Gb Reviewed by: and a scaffold N of 1.93 Mb. Annotation of the S. pharaonis genome assembly Simo Njabulo Maduna, 50 Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy identified a total of 51,541 genes, including 12 copies of the reflectin gene, that enable Research (NIBIO), Norway cuttlefish to control their body coloration. -
Fishing Performance of an Octopus Minor Net Pot Made of Biodegradable Twines
www.trjfas.org ISSN 1303-2712 Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 14: 21-30 (2014) DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v14_1_03 Fishing Performance of an Octopus minor Net Pot Made of Biodegradable Twines 1,* 1 1 Seonghun Kim , Seongwook Park , Kyounghoon Lee 1 National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Fisheries Engineering Division, 216 Gijanghaean-ro Gijang-gun Gijang-eup Busan, Republic of Korea, 619-705. * Corresponding Author: Tel.: +82.51 7202584; Fax: +82.51 7202586; Received 17 April 2013 E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 17 December 2013 Abstract Gillnets and net pots are made of synthetic fiber as polyester (PE) and polyamide (PA). These are often lost by heavy weather or trawling of the active fishing gears. Lost gears result in the ghost fishing because these are non-degradable in seawater and damage to spawning grounds or habitats. To address these problems, biodegradable nets composed of aliphatic polyester were developed. This study describes four types of biodegradable net pots for capturing Octopus minor in Southern Korea, which is an area associated with high rates of net pot loss. The fishing performance of the biodegradable pots was compared to that of commercial net pots. The net pot with a synthetic body and biodegradable funnel (PE/Bio) produced approximately 50% of the catch collected using a commercial net pot (PE/PA). Conversely, net pots with a biodegradable body and a synthetic funnel (Bio/PA) produced the same amount of catch as the commercial net pot. The completely biodegradable net pot (Bio/Bio) caught 60% of that using the commercial net pot. -
Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus Dofleini) Care Manual
Giant Pacific Octopus Insert Photo within this space (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual CREATED BY AZA Aquatic Invertebrate Taxonomic Advisory Group IN ASSOCIATION WITH AZA Animal Welfare Committee Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual Published by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums in association with the AZA Animal Welfare Committee Formal Citation: AZA Aquatic Invertebrate Taxon Advisory Group (AITAG) (2014). Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) Care Manual. Association of Zoos and Aquariums, Silver Spring, MD. Original Completion Date: September 2014 Dedication: This work is dedicated to the memory of Roland C. Anderson, who passed away suddenly before its completion. No one person is more responsible for advancing and elevating the state of husbandry of this species, and we hope his lifelong body of work will inspire the next generation of aquarists towards the same ideals. Authors and Significant Contributors: Barrett L. Christie, The Dallas Zoo and Children’s Aquarium at Fair Park, AITAG Steering Committee Alan Peters, Smithsonian Institution, National Zoological Park, AITAG Steering Committee Gregory J. Barord, City University of New York, AITAG Advisor Mark J. Rehling, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Roland C. Anderson, PhD Reviewers: Mike Brittsan, Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Paula Carlson, Dallas World Aquarium Marie Collins, Sea Life Aquarium Carlsbad David DeNardo, New York Aquarium Joshua Frey Sr., Downtown Aquarium Houston Jay Hemdal, Toledo -
Vampire Squid Final
An Examination regarding the Phylogenetic Position of Vampyroteuthis infernalis Printing: Alex Dutton, Chase Klungle, Jake Nymeyer This poster is 48” wide by 36” high. It’s designed to be printed on a INTRODUCTION METHODS RESULTS large Vampire squid: • Research included 43 in-class taxa with one additional in-class outgroup. • Vampyroteuthis infernalis, “the living fossil” is found nested in-between the Vampyroteuthis infernalis, or the Vampire Squid, is a cephalopod found deep in the • Cross examination of two genes was implemented (H3 and Ribosomal 28s genes). suborder Cirrata (Octopuses) and the Order Oegopsida (squid) while exhibiting characteristics of both. ocean. It has 8 arms connected by a webbing or “cape,” and is typically black in color • Individual gene processing was accomplished utilizing Phylogeny.fr wherein: with red eyes. These attributes led to it being called a vampire (not because it drinks alignment of data was processed by MUSCLE, curation by Gblocks, Phylogeny analysis • This data shows V. infernalis as being contained within the monophyletic Customizing the Content: blood). This species exhibits traits that appear in both octopus and squid families by PhyML + aLRT, and initial tree rendering by TreeDyn. supergroup Octopodiformes. which results in a one-of-a-kind organism. However, the phylogenetic position of V. • SequenceMatrix was employed to combine the aligned gene sequences. • We can also note the increased evolutionary distance between V. infernalis and infernalis has yet to be truly defined. Some researchers believe that it aligns better squids as opposed to their closeness in previous research. The placeholders in this with squids while others side with its closeness to octopuses. -
The Phylogeny of Coleoid Cephalopods Inferred from Molecular Evolutionary Analyses of the Cytochrome C Oxidase I, Muscle Actin, and Cytoplasmic Actin Genes
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1998 The phylogeny of coleoid cephalopods inferred from molecular evolutionary analyses of the cytochrome c oxidase I, muscle actin, and cytoplasmic actin genes David Bruno Carlini College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Genetics Commons, Molecular Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Carlini, David Bruno, "The phylogeny of coleoid cephalopods inferred from molecular evolutionary analyses of the cytochrome c oxidase I, muscle actin, and cytoplasmic actin genes" (1998). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539616597. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-3pyk-f023 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter free, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea Coastline Thesis by Gordon Byron
Phylogenetic Diversity of Cephalopoda (Animalia:Mollusca) Along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea Coastline Thesis by Gordon Byron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia © December, 2016 Gordon Byron All rights reserved 2 EXAMINATION COMMITTEE PAGE The thesis of Gordon Byron is approved by the examination committee. Committee Chairperson: Michael Berumen Committee Co-Chair: Christian Voolstra Committee Member: Timothy Ravasi 3 ABSTRACT Phylogenetic Diversity of Cephalopoda (Animalia:Mollusca) Along the Saudi Red Sea Coastline Gordon Byron Although the Red Sea presents a unique environment with high temperature and salinity, it remains an area that is understudied. This lack of information is reflected in many areas, one which is biodiversity. Despite increasing work on biodiversity throughout the Red Sea and an increase in Cephalopoda studies, Cephalopoda in the Red Sea remain underrepresented, which is especially pronounced in molecular analyses. Members of the class Cephalopoda are considered to be major contributors to coral reef ecosystems, serving as part of the food chain and exhibiting population increases due to targeted teleost fisheries and global climate change. In order to assess the biodiversity of Cephalopoda in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, 87 specimens were collected from 25 reef locations between 17°N and 28°N latitude, as well as from the largest fish market in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Taxonomic identification of specimens was determined using morphological comparisons with previously reported species in the Red Sea and the molecular barcoding region Cytochrome Oxidase I. 84 Red Sea sequences were compared with sequences from GenBank and analyzed using a complement of Neighbor- Joining, Maximum-Likelihood, and Bayesian inference trees. -
Octopus Rubescens Berry, 1953 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), in the Mexican Tropical Pacific
17 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 17 (4): 1107–1112 https://doi.org/10.15560/17.4.1107 Red Octopus, Octopus rubescens Berry, 1953 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), in the Mexican tropical Pacific María del Carmen Alejo-Plata1, Miguel A. Del Río-Portilla2, Oscar Illescas-Espinosa3, Omar Valencia-Méndez4 1 Instituto de Recursos, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel 70902, Oaxaca, México • plata@angel. umar.mx https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-0705 2 Departamento de Acuicultura, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), B.C., Carretera Ensenada- Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, México • [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564- 6023 3 Posgrado en Ecología Marina, Universidad del Mar Campus Puerto Ángel, Oaxaca, México • [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000- 0003-1533-8453 4 Departamento El Hombre y su Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, 04960 Coyoacán, Cuida de México, México • [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8623-5446 * Corresponding author Abstract “Octopus” rubescens Berry, 1953 is an octopus of temperate waters of the western coast of North America. This paper presents the first record of “O.” rubescens from the tropical Mexican Pacific. Twelve octopuses were studied; 10 were collected in tide pools from five localities and two mature males were caught by fishermen in Oaxaca. We used mor- phometric characters and anatomical features of the digestive tract to identify the species. The five localities along the Mexican Pacific coast provide solid evidence that populations of this species have become established in tropical waters. -
Cephalopod Reproductive Strategies Derived from Embryonic Shell Size
Biol. Rev. (2017), pp. 000–000. 1 doi: 10.1111/brv.12341 Cephalopod embryonic shells as a tool to reconstruct reproductive strategies in extinct taxa Vladimir Laptikhovsky1,∗, Svetlana Nikolaeva2,3,4 and Mikhail Rogov5 1Fisheries Division, Cefas, Lowestoft, NR33 0HT, U.K. 2Department of Earth Sciences Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, U.K. 3Laboratory of Molluscs Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia 4Laboratory of Stratigraphy of Oil and Gas Bearing Reservoirs Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420000, Russia 5Department of Stratigraphy Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017, Russia ABSTRACT An exhaustive study of existing data on the relationship between egg size and maximum size of embryonic shells in 42 species of extant cephalopods demonstrated that these values are approximately equal regardless of taxonomy and shell morphology. Egg size is also approximately equal to mantle length of hatchlings in 45 cephalopod species with rudimentary shells. Paired data on the size of the initial chamber versus embryonic shell in 235 species of Ammonoidea, 46 Bactritida, 13 Nautilida, 22 Orthocerida, 8 Tarphycerida, 4 Oncocerida, 1 Belemnoidea, 4 Sepiida and 1 Spirulida demonstrated that, although there is a positive relationship between these parameters in some taxa, initial chamber size cannot be used to predict egg size in extinct cephalopods; the size of the embryonic shell may be more appropriate for this task. The evolution of reproductive strategies in cephalopods in the geological past was marked by an increasing significance of small-egged taxa, as is also seen in simultaneously evolving fish taxa. Key words: embryonic shell, initial chamber, hatchling, egg size, Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea, reproductive strategy, Nautilida, Coleoidea. -
A Draft Genome Sequence of the Elusive Giant Squid, Architeuthis Dux Rute R
GigaScience, 9, 2020, 1–12 doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giz152 Data Note DATA NOTE A draft genome sequence of the elusive giant squid, Architeuthis dux Rute R. da Fonseca 1,2,*, Alvarina Couto3, Andre M. Machado4, Brona Brejova5, Carolin B. Albertin6, Filipe Silva4,36, Paul Gardner7, Tobias Baril8,AlexHayward8, Alexandre Campos4, Angelaˆ M. Ribeiro4, Inigo Barrio-Hernandez9, Henk-Jan Hoving10, Ricardo Tafur-Jimenez11, Chong Chu12, Barbara Frazao˜ 4,13, Bent Petersen14,15, Fernando Penaloza˜ 16, Francesco Musacchia17,GrahamC.Alexander,Jr.18, Hugo Osorio´ 19,20,21, Inger Winkelmann22, Oleg Simakov23, Simon Rasmussen24,M. Ziaur Rahman25, Davide Pisani26, Jakob Vinther26, Erich Jarvis27,28, Guojie Zhang30,31,32,33, Jan M. Strugnell34,35, L. Filipe C. Castro4,36, Olivier Fedrigo28, Mateus Patricio29,QiyeLi37, Sara Rocha3,38, Agostinho Antunes 4,36, Yufeng Wu39, Bin Ma40, Remo Sanges41,42, Tomas Vinar 5, Blagoy Blagoev9, Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten14,15, Rasmus Nielsen22,43 and M. Thomas P. Gilbert22,44 1Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; 2The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain; 4CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixoes,˜ Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450’208 Matosinhos, Portugal; 5Faculty -
CEPHALOPODS A3a.3.1 Introduction
Offshore Energy SEA A3a.3 CEPHALOPODS A3a.3.1 Introduction This section describes the biology and ecology of the main cephalopod species found within UK waters. Cephalopods are short-lived, carnivorous invertebrates with rapid growth rates that play an important role in marine food webs. Two superorders of the class Cephalopoda are found within the area: the Decapodiformes (squid and cuttlefish) and the Octopodiformes (octopuses). Most cephalopods lack an external shell and are highly mobile predators. They possess complex eyes, similar to those of vertebrates and are often regarded as the most intelligent of invertebrates. The importance of cephalopod stocks to commercial fisheries is increasing, as fish stocks dwindle and become subject to tighter management (Boyle & Pierce 1994). Much of the work carried out on cephalopod distributions and abundances in UK waters is based on landings data and routine research vessel surveys co- ordinated by ICES. Information on the life history, distribution and abundance of these species has been taken from a review of UK cephalopods produced by Hastie et al. (2008), unless otherwise cited. An overview of important cephalopod species in UK waters is provided, followed by a brief description of features specific to each Regional Sea. A3a.3.2 UK context A number of species occur in UK waters, with varying degrees of frequency. Most cephalopods will be in one of five groups: the long-finned squids (Lolignids), the short-finned squids (Ommastrephids), bobtails (Sepiolids), cuttlefish and octopuses. Among the most frequently recorded species are: the long-finned squids, Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo forbesii; the short finned squid, Todarodes sagittatus; other squids, Gonatus fabricii and Onychoteuthis banksii; the bobtail squids, Rossia macrosoma, Sepiola atlantica and Sepietta oweniana; the octopus, Eledone cirrhosa. -
Biology and Life History of Cephalopods 16
Biology and Life History of Cephalopods an interim meeting of the international cephalopod community Napoli, Italy 16 - 21 September, 2020 CephRes2020 Virtual Event Logo designed by Sara Sossi © 2020 CephRes Abstracts are paginated here in the order as they are presented in the sessions of the Day CephRes2020 Virtual Event A metabarcoding approach for assessing the diet of the glass squids (Oegopsida: Cranchiidae) Fernando Á. Fernández-Álvarez1, Roger Villanueva2 1Ryan Institute and School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland 2Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain Members of the family Cranchiidae Prosch, 1847, commonly known as glass or bathyscaphoid squids, range from small translucent species to the massive-sized colossal squid. Those cephalopods are widely distributed in all oceans, also representing one of the more diverse families of squids and, despite their ecological importance, their diet is almost unknown. Cranchiids represent a significant prey for many organisms in the mesopelagic zone, from fishes ot marine megafauna, as sharks, swordfishes and whales. Their trophic role is mostly unknown and only few studies are available. Aim: characterize for the first t ime t he d iet o f c ranchiid s quids through DNA metabarcoding. Methods: gut contents of 62 squids collected in the Atlantic, belonging to 10 genera were used to amplify a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and sequenced in the high-throughput sequencing platform Illumina. Sequencing reads were identified using published sequences. Results: A preliminary bioinformatic analysis of the reads from the gut contents shows a wide diversity of eukaryotic sequences.