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E g f W h N S t e I K s NE rg S Y t a U M a l Y rs SE a B A f P o Hamal PISCES o N A f I R C th G O as u E U s o B N io m . D p ARIES CE ei γ he A IT a t F S fo to U C rm n O EN r i Y T a ja AT ER W a H ( -sh m T JU ap I C ro ON ST e P T CETUS Diphda r f TI A th E C L I te EC S at wa IR YO is ng D U eas uri HE AR y t po S T E D o r an A OI eco m ME NG gni ung SA ze yo E Charts & Astro• Star Posters • 2009 Astronomy Calendars NOW . EAST s a TH ) S esent IS O T The ius repr MAP HE C ancient constellation of Aquar THE OMPA M OF SS DIRE BOTTO CTION THAT APPEARS ALONG THE , 27° east from , 27° east from (M44) at 23h UT (morning sky). (M44) at 23h UT (morning within 3.6° diameter within 3.6° diameter at 22h UT (22° from Sun, evening sky). Sun, evening at 22h UT (22° from at 4h UT (27° from Sun, at 4h UT (27° from at 3h UT (evening sky). at 3h UT (evening at 2h UT (26° from Sun, at 2h UT (26° from SAVE ON RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS • http://Skymaps.com/store SAVE • Star Atlases & Planispheres Atlases • Star • Books for Sky Watchers Sky Map. Evening The of distribution free and production All sales support the at 6h UT (evening sky). at 6h UT (evening with Sun at 1h UT (not visible). with Sun at 1h UT (not at 21h UT (evening sky). Mag. +0.0. sky). Mag. at 21h UT (evening at 15:44 UT. The time when the Sun the when time The at 15:44 UT. at 14:04 UT. at 5:04 UT. at 21h UT (evening sky). Mag. –2.5. sky). Mag. at 21h UT (evening at 8h UT (evening sky). at 8h UT (evening at 16h UT (23° from Sun, evening sky). Mag. –3.8. sky). Mag. Sun, evening at 16h UT (23° from (closest to Earth) at 3h UT (368,886 at 3h UT (evening sky). Mag. +1.7. sky). Mag. at 3h UT (evening (farthest from Earth) at 15h UT from (farthest at 8:12 UT. Start of lunation 1061. lunation Start of at 8:12 UT. at 9:13 UT. The full Moon of September of full Moon The at 9:13 UT. New Moon New Moon near Beehive cluster Moon near Beehive Last Quarter Moon Spica 2.1° from Mercury Venus 0.30° from Mars 0.30° from Venus Moon very near Antares Moon very Mercury 2.5° from Mars 2.5° from Mercury Moon near Jupiter Mercury, Venus, and Mars Venus, Mercury, elongation at greatest Mercury Moon near Spica Saturn at conjunction Moon near Mars Moon near Mercury Moon near Mercury evening sky). Mags. –3.9 and +1.7. –3.9 and sky). Mags. evening Full Moon is also called the It “Fruit Moon”. is called the Moon”. “Harvest Spica 2.4° from Venus Moon at perigee September equinox the into it crosses where ecliptic the along point the reaches autumn in the start of the marking hemisphere celestial southern Hemisphere. Southern in the spring and Hemisphere Northern km; 32.4'). Sun (evening sky) at 4h UT. Mag. +0.2. Mag. sky) at 4h UT. Sun (evening Saturn passes into the morning sky. morning the Saturn passes into Occultation visible from western South America, western South America, visible from Occultation Zealand. New and Australia evening sky). Mags. +0.1 and +1.7. +0.1 and sky). Mags. evening Quarter Moon First Moon at apogee size 29.6'). 404,214 km; angular (distance circle at 8h UT (26° from Sun, evening sky). Sun, evening at 8h UT (26° from circle +1.7. +0.2, –3.8, and Mags. Moon near Venus FREE* EACH MONTH FOR YOU TO EXPLORE, LEARN & ENJOY THE NIGHT SKY The Evening Sky Map 29 = UT – 4 hours.) Time Eastern Summer (UT). (USA Time in Universal All times 24 15 19 20 22 23 22 12 7 7 7 7 9 10 11 3 4 2 1 Sky Calendar – September 2008 1 Open StarCluster Magnitude Light Year (ly) Globular StarCluster Galaxy Sun asviewed from Earth. the greatest elongation occurswhen they are attheir most angular distance from the Elongation Ecliptic Earth (optical double). Apparent separation of starsisgiveninseconds of arc ("). gravity sothatthey orbiteachother (binary star)orlying atdifferent distances from Double Star Diffuse Nebula Constellation angular separation as viewed from Earth. Conjunction Astronomical Glossary moonless nights around either New Moon orLastQuarter. the fainter objectsvery difficulttosee. Sotry toobservethe evening skyon through atelescope, itslight issobright thatitbrightens Finally, the skyand makes many eventhough the of Moon isone of the most stunning objectstoview map, cover the light bulbwithred cellophane. Thiswillpreserve yourdark vision. 20 minutes afteryougo outside. Also,ifyouneed touseatorch toview the You sky willseemore starsafteryoureyesadapt tothe darkness—usually about10to away from the light pollution thatsurrounds many of today’s large cities. light from street lights and other sources. Ifpossibleobservefrom adark location nebulae, and galaxies, it’salwaysbesttoobservefrom adark location. Avoid direct When observing the night sky, and inparticular deep-sky objectssuch asstarclusters, Tips forObservingtheNightSky the optical equipment thatmay beavailable tothe stargazer. binoculars. appear more impressive whenviewed through atelescopeorvery large telescope tobeappreciated. is, without optical aid), those easilyseenwithbinoculars, and those requiring a grouped into three categories. Those thatcanbeeasilyseenwiththe naked eye(that visible inthe evening skythismonth (refer tothe monthly skymap). The objectsare Listed onthispage are several of the brighter, more interesting celestial objects About theCelestialObjects Variable Star Mean Time. USA EasternStandard Time (for example, New York) is5 hours behind UT. Universal Time(UT) Planetary Nebula Opposition – Amass of uptoseveral billion starsheld together bygravity. – The pathof the Sun’scenter onthe celestial sphere asseenfrom Earth. –The brightness of acelestial objectasitappearsinthe sky. –The angular separation of twocelestial bodies. ForMercury and Venus –When acelestial body isoppositethe Sun inthe sky. They are grouped inthis waytohighlight objectsthatcanbeseenusing –Two starsthatappearclosetoeachother inthe sky;either linked by –Analignment of twocelestial bodies such thatthey present the least –Astar thatchanges brightness overaperiod of time. –Adefined area of the skycontaining astarpattern. –The distance abeamof light travels at300,000km/secinone year. –Acloud of gasilluminated bynearby stars. –The remnants of a shell of gasblown off byastar. –Agroup of tens orhu –Atime systemusedby astronomers. Alsoknown asGreenwich –Aball-shapedgroup of several thousand oldstars. Note, allof theobjects(except singlestars) will ndreds of relatively young stars.
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE CELESTIAL OBJECTS SEPTEMBER 2008 Easily SeenwiththeNakedEye Telescopic Objects Easily SeenwithBinoculars Aql Altair 3 Cyg CVn ν M39 Aqr χ And μ M3 η M2 M31 UMi Sco Per PsA Polaris Lyr Antares Fomalhaut Cyg Algol Vega α Boo Aur Deneb δ Arcturus Capella 2 Vul Tri Ser Sct Sgr M27 Sgr M33 Lyr M16 M11 M17 M20 M57 Cyg Cyg β CVn γ 61 Cygni Albireo η Aqr M51 Aqr ε γ 7293 7009 Vul γ Sco Sco Sgr UMa Cr 399 Sgr Mizar &Alcor Sgr M7 M6 Peg M22 M25 Oph M8 Per Oph Double Cluster Oph M15 Lyr 6633 Her IC 4665 Her M10 R Lyrae ε M92 M13 Dlhn Del Delphini Ari Arietis And Andromedae Böi Boo Boötis Lyr Lyrae Cpe Cep Cephei Daoi Dra Draconis CgiCyg Cygni LreLyr Lyrae Cpe Cep Cephei AuleAql Aquilae CsipieCas Cassiopeiae Hrui Her Herculis May bevisibletothe naked eyeunder good conditions. Dist=900ly. Long period pulsating red giant. Magnitude varies between3.3&14.2over407days. Herschel's Garnet Star. One of the reddest stars. Mag 3.4to5.1over730days. Easy tofind inbinoculars. Might beglimpsedwiththe naked eye. Bright Cepheid variable. Mag varies between3.6&4.5over7.166days. Dist=1,200ly. Resembles afuzzystarinbinoculars. Andromeda The The North Pole Star. Atelescopereveals anunrelated mag 8companion star. Dist=433ly. Red, supergiant star. Name means "rivalof Mars". Dist=135.9 ly. Brightest starinPiscisAustrinus. InArabic the "fish'smouth". Dist=25ly. Famous eclipsing binary star. Magnitude varies between2.1&3.4over2.867days. The 5thbrightest starinthe sky. Ablue-whitestar. Dist=25.0ly. Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.1&3.9over90days. Mag 5.4companion. Brightest starinCygnus. One of the greatest known supergiants. Dist=1,400±200ly. Cepheid prototype. Mag varies between3.5&4.4 over5.366days. Mag 6companion. Orange, giant Kstar. Name means "bearwatcher". Dist=36.7ly. The 6thbrightest star. Appearsyellowishincolor. Spectroscopic binary. Dist=42 ly. Brightest starinAquila. Name means "the flying eagle".Dist=16.7ly. Dumbbell Nebula. Large, twin-lobed shape. Most spectacularplanetary. Dist=975 ly. Fine face-on spiral galaxy. Requires alarge aperture telescope. Dist=2.3 million ly. Eagle Nebula. Requires atelescopeof large aperture. Dist=8,150 ly. Wild Duck Cluster. Resemblesaglobularthrough binoculars. V-shaped. Dist=5,600ly. Omega Nebula. Contains the star clusterNGC6618.Dist=4,900ly. Trifid Nebula. Atelescopeshows 3dust lanes trisecting nebula. Dist=5,200ly. Ring Nebula. Magnificent object. Smoke-ring shape. Dist=4,100ly. Eclipsing binary. Mag varies between 3.3&4.3over12.940days. Fainter mag 7.2bluestar. Appear yellow&white. Mags 4.3&5.2.Dist=100ly. Struve2725double insame field. Attractive double star. Mags 5.2& 6.1orange dwarfs. Dist=11.4ly. Sep=28.4". Beautiful double star. Contrasting coloursof orange and blue-green. Sep=34.4". Yellow starmag 3.4&orange starmag 7.5. Dist=19 ly. Orbit=480years. Sep=12". Whirlpool Galaxy. Firstrecognised tohavespiral structure. Dist=25million ly. Red giant star(mag 2.5) withablue-green mag 4.9companion. Sep=2.8".Difficult tosplit. Impressive looking double blue-whitestar. Visibleinasmall telescope. Sep=7.8". Helix Nebula. Spans nearly 1/4deg. Requires dark sky. Dist=300ly. Saturn Nebula. Requires 8-inch telescopetoseeSaturn-like appendages. Attractive double star. Bright orange starwithmag 5bluecompanion. Sep=9.8". Coathanger asterismor"Brocchi's Cluster".Not atruestarcluster. Dist=218to1,140ly. Good eyesight orbinoculars reveals 2stars. Not abinary. Mizarhasamag 4companion. Superb opencluster. Visibletothe naked eye. Age=260 million years. Dist=780ly. Butterfly Cluster. 30+starsin7xbinoculars. Dist=1,960ly. A spectacularglobularstarcluster. Telescope willshow stars. Dist=10,000ly. Bright clusterlocatedabout6deg Nof "teapot's"lid. Dist=1,900ly. Lagoon Nebula. Bright nebula bisectedbyadark lane. Dist=5,200ly. Double ClusterinPerseus. NGC869&884.Excellent inbinoculars. Dist=7,300ly. Only globularknown tocontain aplanetary nebula (Mag 14,d=1").Dist=30,000ly. Scattered opencluster. Visible with binoculars. Large, scattered opencluster. Visiblewithbinoculars. 3 degrees from the fainter M12.Bothmay beglimpsedinbinoculars. Dist=14,000ly. Semi-regular variable. Magnitude varies between 3.9&5.0over46.0days. Famous DoubleDouble. Binoculars show adouble star. High powerreveals eachadouble. Fainter and smaller thanM13.Use atelescopetoresolve itsstars. Best globularinnorthern skies. Discovered byHalley in1714.Dist=23,000ly. Wide pairof whitestars. One of the finest binocular pairsinthe sky. Dist=100ly. Galaxy. Most distant objectvisibletonaked eye. Dist=2.93million ly. Copyright © 2000–2008Kym Thalassoudis. AllRights Reserved.