WESTERN AUSTRALIA’S INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT MAGAZINE Prospect March 2013 – June 2013 $3 (inc GST)

Balancing act Special eight-page report: 2013 exciting for WA Print post approved PP 665002/00062 DEPARTMENT OF STATE DEVELOPMENT International Trade and Investment 1 Adelaide Terrace East Perth, Western Australia 6004 Tel: +61 8 9222 0566 • Fax: +61 8 9222 6151 Email: [email protected] www.dsd.wa.gov.au

INTERNATIONAL OFFICES Europe European Office • 5th floor, The Australia Centre Corner of Strand and Melbourne Place London WC2B 4LG • UNITED KINGDOM Tel: +44 20 7240 2881 • Fax: +44 20 7240 6637 Email: [email protected]

India — Mumbai Western Australian Trade Office In this first edition of Prospect for the year I want to thank West Australians 93 Jolly Maker Chambers No 2 for giving my government another four years. I am excited at the future growth 9th floor, Nariman Point • Mumbai 400 021 • INDIA that lies ahead for the Western Australian resources industry. Tel: +91 22 6630 3973 • Fax: +91 22 6630 3977 Email: [email protected] This issue of Prospect delves into our future prosperity in great detail. Two Indonesia — Jakarta studies, produced by the Committee for Perth, University of Western Australia Western Australia Trade Office and WA Chamber of Minerals and Energy, outline the way our State is Wisma Budi Building • floor 5 Suite 504 changing and how we can position ourselves for the future. JI HR Rasuna Said Kav C-6 Kuningan, Jakarta 12940 • INDONESIA The resources sector will continue to drive the economy and we will be Tel: +62 21 5290 2860 • Fax: +62 21 5296 2722 looking at ways to build on the already strong foundations in place. Email: [email protected]

The latest election also marked the retirement of long-serving Minister Japan — Tokyo for Mines and Petroleum Norman Moore. Norman’s contribution to the Government of Western Australia, Tokyo Office State is recorded in this magazine, but I’d like to add my personal gratitude for 14th floor, Imperial Tower his outstanding performance across all portfolios, particularly mines 1-1-1 Uchisaiwai-cho Chiyoda-ku and petroleum. • TOKYO 100-0011 • JAPAN Tel: +81 3 5157 8281 • Fax: +81 3 5157 8286 I’d also like to welcome the new Mines and Petroleum Minister, Bill Marmion, Email: [email protected] who has been a Member of Parliament since 2008. Bill has served in various Japan — Kobe Parliamentary Secretary and Ministerial positions, the most recent being as Western Australian Government Office Minister for the Environment and Minister for Water. 6th floor, Golden Sun Building 4-3-6 Nakayamate-dori I look forward to working with Bill to support the long-term growth of this Chuo-Ku • Kobe 650-0004 • JAPAN State’s prosperous resource industry, as many major projects come online. Tel: +81 78 242 7705 • Fax: +81 78 242 7707 Email: [email protected]

Colin Barnett Middle East — Dubai PREMIER OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA & MINISTER FOR STATE DEVELOPMENT Western Australian Trade Office • 106, Emarat Atrium PO Box 58007 • Dubai • UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Bill Marmion Tel: +971 4 343 3226 • Fax: +971 4 343 3238 MINISTER FOR MINES AND PETROLEUM Email: [email protected] People’s Republic of China — Shanghai Western Australian Trade and Investment Promotion Room 2208 • CITIC Square 1168 Nanjing Road West SHANGHAI 20004 • PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Tel: +86 21 5292 5899 • Fax: +86 21 5292 5889 Email: [email protected]

People’s Republic of China — Hangzhou ISSN 1037-4590 Western Australian Trade and Investment Promotion Prospect Hangzhou Representative Office Room 1705 • World Trade Office Plaza Western Australian Prospect magazine is published quarterly by the Zhejiang World Trade Centre Western Australian Government’s Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) 122 Shuguang Road • Hangzhou 310007 and Department of State Development (DSD). PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA DSD Editorial management: Greg Smith, DSD Communications and Marketing Division. Tel: +86 571 8795 0296 • Fax: +86 571 8795 0295 Tel: +61 08 9222 0417 • Fax: +61 08 9222 0505 Email: [email protected] DMP Editorial management: Peter W. Lewis, DMP Communications and Marketing Division. Tel: +61 08 9222 3572 • Fax: +61 08 9222 3862 Singapore Subscriptions: Gerard O’Neill. Tel: +61 08 9222 3821 • Email: [email protected] Western Australian Trade and Investment Office

Disclaimer Suntec Tower Four, #20-02 Prospect has been compiled in good faith by the Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) and Department of State Development (DSD). Opinions 6 Temasek Boulevard • Singapore 038986 expressed in Prospect are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views, or have the endorsement of DMP and DSD. DMP and DSD has used all reasonable endeavours to ensure the material contained in this publication is correct, but it is intended to be general in nature. No Tel: +65 6836 5626 • Fax: +65 6836 5698 representation is made with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the information contained herein. DMP and DSD disclaims any or all liability Email: [email protected] for loss or damage whatsoever suffered or incurred resulting from the use of or reliance on information contained herein. Readers of this publication should make and rely on their own enquiries, research and judgements in making decisions affecting their own or any other persons interest. South Korea — Seoul Western Australian Trade and Investment Office Unit 702 • 7th Floor • Kwanghwamoon Building 211 Sejongno, Jongno-gu Cover photo: A technician conducts maintenance on a WA oil rig. There Seoul • South Korea 110-730 • KOREA are more than 73 overseas companies operating oil and Tel: +82 2 722 1217 • Fax: +82 2 722 1218 gas fields in Western Australia, highlighting the growing Email: [email protected] attraction of WA as a resources investment destination. Scan this QR codePhoto: to Vertech.view links to all the department’s publications In this issue

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04 Ord continues to expand 13 State growth strong The opening of a new 31km irrigation channel near The Western Australian economy continues to benefit from Kununurra is part of the continued expansion of the East resource projects, with 75,000 jobs created and $30 billion Kimberley. The channel is considered to be the backbone in contracts awarded to WA-based suppliers since July 2011. of the $322 million Ord Expansion Project. 16 All that glitters is not gold 05 Norman Moore In this case it’s green. More specifically, algae production in One of Western Australia’s longest-serving parliamentarians, the Pilbara is about to get a boost, with government funding Mines and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore, is set to retire for a seawater pipeline to support a Karratha project. after 35 years’ service. Prospect looks at his distinguished career. 26 Local companies supplying 08 What lies beneath Despite the perception, Western Australia is more than a ‘dig-it- world markets up, ship-it-out’ economy. The State is shifting from a reliance Two Western Australian companies are providing on traditional resource extraction, to an economy incorporating innovative solutions to the global metalliferous mine corporate leadership, knowledge generation, finance and services. market, in mine safety and training.

Department of Mines and Petroleum Department of Mines and Petroleum Department of State Development Department of State Development www.dmp.wa.gov.au www.dsd.wa.gov.au Fast resources approvals the ‘norm’ in WA

*RYHUQPHQWRI:HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLD 2012 approval performance summary 'HSDUWPHQWRI0LQHVDQG3HWUROHXP Quarter 4| During2012 2012 DMP received a total of 7048 mining, petroleum and geothermal applications. These comprised 3593 mining tenure applications, 2875 mining environmental applications, 483 petroleum and geothermal tenure and environmental applications and 97 mining safety applications. On average, the department finalised 82 per cent of applications within Recent statistics show the Department December last year, which was a Approvals Performance Report target timelines. During the*RYHUQPHQWRI December 2012 quarter,:HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLD the Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) received a total of 1025Online mineral tenure lodgement and approvals tracking applications'HSDUWPHQWRI comprising 5170LQHVDQG3HWUROHXP Exploration Licences, 415 Prospecting Licences, 69 Miscellaneous Licences, 16 Mining Leases During 2012, DMP continued its expansion of online lodgement services to petroleum environment and resource safety 21 per cent increase in the number and eight General0LQHUDO7LWOHV Purpose Leases. This represents a 21 per cent increase in the number of applications received in the of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) continued applications. During this period, 28 per cent of petroleum environmental applications and 71 per cent of resource safety previous quarter. The department finalised 98 per cent of Exploration Licence applications within the target of 65 business days. 472 Programme of Work applications and 78 Mining Proposals were received during this quarter. 89applications per cent of were lodged online. Fifty-six per cent of all mineral Exploration Licence applications and 46 per cent of Programme of Work applications and 96 per cent of Mining Proposals were finalised within the target of all30 Miningbusiness Proposals days. were lodged online. Online lodgement provides more certainty and reduces approval timelines for The department employed a specialised team that developed protocols addressing long standing applicationsproponents for mining and reduces administrative handling and costs for government. to accelerate approval processing times of applications received during the leases stalled in the future act right to negotiate procedure of the Commonwealth Native Title Act 1993. Consequently 147 pre January 2009*RYHUQPHQWRI Mining Lease :HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLDapplications were determined in the quarter. Since introducing online lodgement and approvals tracking in 2010, the majority (94 per cent) of DMP’s key approval 'HSDUWPHQWRI0LQHVDQG3HWUROHXP processes are now available online. The number(QYLURQPHQW of mineral prospecting and exploration applications (Programmes of Work) decreased from 653 in the previous previous quarter,” he said. quarter to 472 in the fourth quarter. This decreasing trend in mineral prospecting and exploration activityAnnual from record environmental levels of reports online for the WA resources industry in 2012. exploration activity during the last two years reflects uncertain global market conditions and the high costs of operating in WA. The graph below illustrates the number of Programmes of Work (9212) received by the department fromDMP 1Q 2009has continued to 4Q 2012. to expand its online application lodgement services. On the 14 December 2012, DMP released the Annual Environmental Report (AER) online system on its website. There are now over 100 registered industry users of MINERAL EXPLORATION – PROGRAMMES OF WORK the system. *RYHUQPHQWRI:HVWHUQ$XVWUDOLD 'HSDUWPHQWRI0LQHVDQG3HWUROHXP1Q 2009 – 4Q 2012 The online system provides industry with the ability to track the progress of their AER both during the submission and 800 3HWUROHXP The department finalised 82 per cent “Even so, 98 per cent of Exploration assessment processes. It also provides an up to date electronic database for AERs which can be accessed from anywhere in the world at any time. 640 The online submission of AERs forms part of our commitment to continually improve project approval services and decision making transparency. of its 7,048 mining, petroleum and Licence applications were 480 Petroleum acreage lease bidding online 320 The department released its latest online lodgement module for the submission of acreage release bids. The online bidding completed within the set target of system was officially launched at the Petroleum and Geothermal Open Day on 6 September 2012 where a number of detailed geothermal applications within the demonstrations and information sessions were held for approximately 150 attendees. Feedback received from industry and 160 other government agencies was very encouraging and highly complementary.

Benefits of the module are: 65 business days.” 0 targeted timeframes. 2009-1 2009-2 2009-3 2009-4 2010-1 2010-2 2010-3 2010-4 2011-1 2011-2 2011-3 2011-4 2012-1• bids for Exploration Permits and Drilling Reservations can be lodged, paid for and tracked online;2012-2 2012-3 2012-4 *EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS EARS • EARS bids can be lodged from anywhere in the world;EARS EARS EARS *Environmental Assessment and Regulatory System • a decrease in the time taken to manually enter applications into the system; The department received 65 native vegetation clearing permit applications during this quarter. Sixty-one• a reduction in data entry errors; per cent of native In addition, in the fourth quarter vegetation clearing permit applications was assessed with 60 calendar days. • the creation of a seamless process from the lodgement of a bid to the refusal of an application or acceptance of a title; • linkages between various application types (e.g. SPA DMP Director General Richard Sellers The department received 40 petroleum applications and renewals. Eighty-nine per cent of petroleum well applications were of the titles and blocks. finalised within 40 working days however, aspects of petroleum tenure and surveys were well below target timelines and to an Exploration Permit or Drilling Reservation) to show the history continue to perform below expectations. The department is reviewing petroleum tenure processes to address this issue. DMP processed 89 per cent of its A total of 72 petroleum Environment Plans, bridging documents and Oil Spill Contingency Plans were received for planned said this was achieved on the back of petroleum activities in the State. Ninety-nine per cent of petroleum Environmental Plans were finalised within the target of 30 business days.

The department received 14 mine safety Project Management Plans and four Radiation Management Plans (RMPs) during 472 Programme of Work (PoW) the fourth quarter. Three RMPs exceeded the target of 30 business days and the reason for the delays is being reviewed. One stellar results during the past four years. hundred per cent of Project Management Plans were assessed within the target of 30 business days. www.dmp.wa.gov.au To assist with the continual improvement of information provided, feedback applications and 96 per cent of its from stakeholders or the public on the usefulnesswww.dmp.wa.gov.au of this report is welcomed. “We’re not only celebrating the fact that 78 Mining Proposals within the 2012 was a hugely productive year, we 30 business-day target. are also pleased that the average WA mine was approved in a 28-month time “Great headway was also made in “As a result, 147 Mining Lease period over the past four years,” he said. relation to stalled mining leases,” applications that were submitted Mr Sellers said. before January 2009 were determined Mr Sellers said he was particularly during the quarter, which is a great “The department employed a specialised pleased the department continued its outcome.” team in the fourth quarter, which stellar turnaround times in the fourth addressed long-standing applications The department also finalised 99 per quarter of 2012. for mining leases stalled in the future cent of its Petroleum Environmental “The department received 1,025 mineral ‘right to negotiate procedure’ of the Plans within 30 business days during tenure applications from October to Commonwealth Native Title Act 1993.” the fourth quarter of 2012.

2 Resources industry remains top performer

Recent figures released by the Western Australians also directly benefited The annual Mineral and Department of Mines and Petroleum from the $5.3 billion paid in royalties to the (DMP) show Western Australia’s State Government in 2011-12. Petroleum Statistics Digest, resources industry continues to set As one of the great mineral provinces which provides an in-depth records. of the world, WA, in 2011-12, hosted overview of the WA resources The annual Mineral and Petroleum 65 operational oil and gas fields and industry, shows WA returned Statistics Digest, which provides an 975 operating mines, producing more in-depth overview of the WA resources than 50 different minerals. exceptional resources sales industry, shows WA returned exceptional One of the State Government’s major of $106 billion. resources sales of $106 billion. aims is to attract investment through Mineral exploration expenditure initiatives such as the Exploration increased to an all-time record of Incentive Scheme’s (EIS) Co-Funded $2.1 billion — a jump of 32 per cent Drilling Program, supported by the from 2010-11 and 150 per cent from Royalties for Regions program, which five years ago. covers up to 50 per cent of successful candidates’ drilling costs. Iron ore remained the State’s most valuable sector with $61.1 billion The State Government also approved in sales, while petroleum delivered the average mine in a 28-month time period in the past four years. $23.8 billion and gold $9.3 billion. Other highlights of the 2011-12 Statistics The 2011-12 Mineral and Petroleum Digest included mineral and petroleum Statistics Digest can be accessed at exports accounting for 91 per cent of the http://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/documents/ State’s merchandise exports earnings. Statistics_Digest_2011-12.pdf

3 Channel opening boosts Ord expansion

The Western Australian Government The opening of the main irrigation with the State Government, which will recently opened the 31km main channel is a major step towards the East deliver education, health and other irrigation channel, centrepiece of the Kimberley reaching its full potential. community services to Kununurra, Ord expansion project at Kununurra. Wyndham and surrounding communities. The channel is considered to be the The channel is part of a $322 million backbone of the Ord expansion, and The State Government now has the State Government investment vital to the success of agricultural opportunity to work with KAI, the – including $311 million through development for the East Kimberley and traditional owners and local business to Royalties for Regions – to deliver key northern Australia. make the Ord-East Kimberley Expansion infrastructure for the second stage Project one of the Australian north’s of the Ord Irrigation Scheme and During the visit, the WA Premier, most important developments. servicing future expansion into the Northern Territory Chief Minister and KAI and the State Government will soon Northern Territory. Federal Minister for Regional Australia signed a memorandum of understanding finalise contract negotiations, with KAI The channel will supply water to on the proposed extension of the Ord to obtain approvals and funding for 13,400ha of land to be developed by irrigation area into the Northern Territory. associated infrastructure. Kimberley Agricultural Investment The State Government will retain (KAI), the preferred proponent to lease The visit acknowledged the significant ownership of the irrigation channel and and develop the land for farming. KAI is role the Miriuwung and Gajerrong people other infrastructure developed as part an Australian company wholly owned by played in the project and the future of the Ord-East Kimberley Expansion Shanghai ZhongFu (Group) Co. benefits they would realise under the agreement, as they become landholders Project, including nine kilometres of The company proposes to invest $700 secondary irrigation channels and a in their own right. million to establish a sustainable workers’ village accommodating 252 large-scale sugar industry, including a The Federal Government also committed employees. A 40km network of new refinery with power co-generation and a a $195 million investment in the region roads will be transferred to the Shire of major upgrade to Wyndham Port. under a national partnership agreement Wyndham-East Kimberley.

Fact File • Ord Stage One opened in 1972. • New irrigation channels to supply 3,350 megalitres of fresh water – equal to 8,000 standard backyard swimming pools – from the Ord River each day. • Ord-East Kimberley Expansion Project is a State Government initiative to deliver economic development, social and cultural prosperity to people of the East Kimberley. • East Kimberley Development Package, signed between the Federal and State governments in Kununurra in 2009, to deliver 29 community and economic At the opening of the Ord Irrigation Channel (from left) Teddy Carlton, MG Corporation infrastructure projects in director, Premier and Minister for State Development Colin Barnett, Minister for East Kimberley region. Regional Development Brendon Grylls, and Peter Handel, General Manager Western Infrastructure Leighton Contractors.

4 Mines and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore calls it a day

After 35 years’ political service, the Western Australian Parliament’s longest-serving MP, former Mines and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore, is soon to retire following this month’s 2013 election. The tireless 67-year-old has been a stalwart of the resources industry and Prospect takes a look at the many achievements he has made during his impressive political career.

After the 2008 State Election when an A Kalgoorlie-born lad from the The fact that there was not one work unexpected outcome resulted in a Goldfields, he told the audience of safety related resources fatality throughout Liberal-National Government victory, specialists of his memories as a child the entire State last year, during a it wasn’t long before newly sworn Mines when there had been a mining fatality time of great expansion and a record and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore of one of his neighbours, and the lasting $106 billion in sales during 2011-12, swung into action. impact that had made on him. is indicative of the positive changes to safety. One of the first things he did was to It was clear he was talking from establish a dedicated department for Mines the heart and his rhetoric was real This was the first time, in more and Petroleum, by splitting the former — Norman Moore is a man that is than 100 years of recorded history, Department of Industry and Resources passionate about resources safety. a year has passed with zero and bringing Resources Safety back to fatalities. He walked the talk and committed the fold from the previous Department of his government to improving safety In the preceding decade there Employment and Consumer Protection. at a time when more and more young were 42 fatalities, which Mr Moore It was to have immediate effect and as people were being employed in this points out is 42 people who never soon as Resources Safety returned to fast growing industry. came home from work, and 42 groups its traditional Mines Department roots, of family members, co-workers He launched a mine safety and Minister Moore was addressing the and friends who have been forever inspection levy which has been troops in an emotional display of his impacted. responsible for the employment of commitment to safety. an additional 21 inspectors to the “I am proud of my contribution to He declared that safety in the mining Mines Safety Inspectorate, increasing mine safety. We owe it to them, and industry was the State Government’s specialist safety staff by a third, and to every person killed or injured on a number one priority and he vowed representing the single biggest overhaul Western Australian mine site, to do to increase resources to meet that of the resource industry’s occupational everything we can to continually commitment. health and safety regime. improve safety,” Mr Moore said.

5 “I am pleased the department has continued its move “The Mining Rehabilitation Fund (MRF) legislation passed through Parliament to online lodgement which now includes all petroleum last year and minimises the State environmental management plans, bridging documents, Government’s unfunded liability in respect of abandoned mine sites,” Mr Moore said. written notifications, oil spill contingency plans and “It also enhances the ongoing capacity revisions, Mining Proposals, Radiation Management to manage and rehabilitate abandoned mines, leading to better environmental Plans and Annual Environmental reporting,” and community safety outcomes.” Mr Moore said. This has resulted in increased certainty for industry, the attraction of resource project investment and increased economic benefits for all Western Australians. He said the introduction of the levy introduction of online lodgement and ensured that the Resources Safety tracking of applications, the Petroleum Uranium mining Division of DMP had the funding to and Geothermal Register (PGR) and the The State Government also lifted the change not only the way that the industry deployment of the web-based mineral previous ban on uranium mining and work is regulated, but also the resources titles register eMITS. has commenced on a new regulatory available to work with and assist “I am pleased the department framework for the sector, industry to change its safety culture. has continued its move to online as well as completion of an independent Since his appointment to the Mines and lodgement which now includes all review to benchmark WA uranium Petroleum portfolio, as a Minister Petroleum environmental management mining regulation against World Best Mr Moore has barely stopped. He has plans, bridging documents, written Practice, along with extensive community overseen huge improvements to the notifications, oil spill contingency consultation. State Government’s approvals processes plans and revisions, Mining Proposals, The State Government has also shown for mining and petroleum exploration Radiation Management Plans and a commitment to inform, consult and and development, including the Annual Environmental reporting,” involve community stakeholders in the Mr Moore said. regulation of the emerging unconventional Lead agency framework gas industry in Western Australia. He was instrumental in the development “In Western Australia, research shows of the Lead Agency framework to that there is roughly twice as much gas streamline the approvals process and available onshore as there is offshore, reduce the backlog of applications, and creating an enormous potential for this the establishment of an Inter-agency emerging industry,” he said. Working Group. Mr Moore said he was also pleased that Recently released statistics compiled by the highly successful drilling program for DMP have shown that the average new Western Australia’s first onshore Carbon mining project in Western Australia took Capture and Storage (CCS) project was just over two years to reach full approval. completed last year. During his tenure as Mines and He also convinced his Cabinet Petroleum Minister there have also been colleagues for $7.5 million to establish huge improvements in Environmental a new Minerals Research Institute reform, including the new online in WA (WAMRI) to bring government, Environmental Assessment and researchers and industry together to Regulatory System (EARS) and electronic improve mining techniques and new submission of Annual Environment processing methods. Reports (AER). As an advocate of ‘finding tomorrow’s mines, today’, Mr Moore worked hard to secure funding for the State Government’s $138 million Exploration Incentive Scheme (EIS) and its associated Co-funded Exploration Drilling Program. The EIS is made up of a number of programs that are delivering support to explorers in WA through improvements in tenement management and by supporting exploration drilling including unconventional gas. The EIS also supports major geological data capture, and collaborative research projects that have already led to a number of new discoveries. The internationally recognised Fraser Institute Survey of Mining Companies now Norman Moore during his tenure as Minister for Mines and Petroleum. ranks WA as the first preferred mining 6 destination in Australia, and equal 15th in the world. Additionally DMP’s petroleum geology database, which features information on titles, wells, geophysical surveys and petroleum data, was judged third best in the world by the Fraser Institute Petroleum Survey. “The development of the resources industry over the past 35 years has been extraordinary,” Mr Moore said. He said there was a time that he knew the name of every mining operation in the State, and possibly the name of every mine manager, which was no longer the case. Downstream processing One of the things he laments is the lack of development of downstream processing in the resources industry. “We just haven’t been able to turn our raw materials into value added products,” he said. “Fundamentally, our cost structures have adversely affected our capacity to be competitive on the international scene.” He said apart from the massive growth, Norman Moore . . . a proud supporter of Western Australia’s resources industry as the biggest change has been the Minister for Mines and Petroleum. introduction and expansion of fly-in fly- out (FIFO). “Traditionally the mining industry built towns and communities, and I lived in a Mr Moore has barely stopped and has overseen huge number of them in my younger days, but improvements to the State Government approvals now industry relies very heavily on fly-in fly-out,” Mr Moore said. processes for mining and petroleum exploration and He said serious industrial relations development, including online lodgement and tracking issues in the 1970s and 1980s, and the of applications. introduction of 12 hour and continuous shifts, had contributed to this occurring, which was regrettable in his view, a Centenary Medal for ‘service to Proud Western Australian although he understood the reason for it. Australian society through Parliament’) He is also a fiercely proud Western Future challenges as a Minister for Fisheries, Education, Australian and has suggested over the Tourism, Sport and Recreation, and years that WA should secede from the In terms of the future Mr Moore said the Electoral Affairs. Federation. Considering the fact that the resources industry faced a number of State is the engine room of the national challenges during the next five years, He is also the Leader of the State economy, many others have also shared including Federal Government taxes Government in the Legislative Council, that view over the years. – the MRRT, the PRRT and the Carbon and fondly referred to as the ‘Father of Tax – which he believes will reduce WA’s the House’. Prior to politics Mr Moore spent 10 years competitiveness in the international teaching, including the position of high As the Minister for Fisheries, he has marketplace. school principal, an area he says he taken the tough decisions necessary to would have stayed in if he hadn’t had He also regarded ‘green’ activism, where protect Western Australia’s important such a successful political career. virtually every mining or petroleum commercial and recreational fishing activity is rigorously opposed, would place stocks, including a quota system to In his retirement, besides spending time significant pressure on the industry. protect Australia’s single most valuable with his family, wife Lee and his three adult children, Kathryn, Georgia and “There is a real need for the industry to fishery, the commercial Western Rock Daniel, Mr Moore will also enjoy travel, promote itself in the metropolitan areas Lobster industry. golf and developing his property. of the nation,” he said. In accordance with the State He will officially retire on May 21, 2013 Besides his commitment to the resources Government’s strategy to improve when his current Legislative Council industry Mr Moore, who was also Mines the WA electoral system, Mr Moore term concludes. Minister from 1997 to 2001, has also also used his authority as Minister for had stints during his acclaimed political Electoral Affairs to introduce legislation Prospect wishes him all the best in career as Member for Mining and that has seen WA move to fixed term his retirement and acknowledges his Pastoral Region (in 2001 he was awarded elections every four years. distinguished political career. 7 What lies beneath WA not just a dig-it-up, ship-it-out economy

Change is happening quickly in Western Australia. A recently-released report from the Committee for Perth ‘think-tank’ points to the State shifting from a reliance on traditional resource extraction, to a key player in corporate leadership, knowledge generation, finance and services. At the same time, the Chamber of Minerals and Energy (CME) has released it outlook for growth in WA for 2013, following reports in 2009 and 2011. Perth also continues to prove itself as a destination of choice for European companies, boosting Western Australia’s ambition of becoming a key financial hub in the Asia Pacific region. This article summarises the reports, which also consider the changes and challenges, particularly within the State’s capital, Perth. [Note: These are independent reports and do not represent the State Government’s position].

It is stating the obvious, but it sets the Liveability factors The committee’s research team scene. The Western Australian resources However, as the Committee for Perth compared Perth to Calgary, Houston, sector drives Australia’s economy. study points out economic growth not Rio De Janeiro and Brisbane — all cities inexorably linked to the resources sector. According to the Department of Mines and only brings increased wealth but also Petroleum (DMP), as of 2010-11, more associated changes in society, including As the report found, Perth already than 50 different mineral resources were population increases, pressure on rates well on various livability indices. mined as part of 545 commercial mineral infrastructure and government services, On the Economist Intelligence Unit projects operating in 966 mine sites. cultural changes and shifts in power. (EIU) rankings of livable cities, Perth is In the same period, there were also 73 These criteria contribute to a city’s consistently in the top 10 in the world. operating oil and gas fields in the State. ‘liveability’ ranking. In 2012, of the world’s largest resource The pace of expansion is increasing. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) says the WA economy more than doubled The Committee for Perth, established in 2006, is a member-based in size between 1990-91 and 2010-11. organisation driven by Perth’s business and community leaders, which Western Australia’s Gross State Product aims to promote and enable change that improves the cultural diversity, in chain volume measures increased from economic prosperity, sustainability and world-class amenity of Perth. $76.9 billion in 1990-91 to $187.1 billion in More information, including the complete report, can be found at: 2010-11, a rise of more than 140 per cent. www.committeeforperth.com.au. The Chamber of Minerals and Energy is the peak resource sector body in Western Australia, with its member companies Western Australia maintained its status generating 95 per cent of all mineral and energy production by value and as the nation’s leading exporter in employing more than 80 per cent of the resources sector 2011-12, contributing a record 45.6 per workforce in the State. Its report can be found at www.cmewa.com cent towards Australia’s merchandise export earnings of $264.3 billion.

8 cities, only Calgary surpassed it when Department of State Development (DSD) finance, knowledge and influence within it comes to liveability. However, while figures released in November 2012 the global economy. Major cities, such as Perth performs well, it is not without showed that in the previous two years New York, Tokyo and London are typically challenges and lags behind some other (2011-12) 85 overseas businesses opened seen as ‘command centres’ in this regard. Australian cities. new offices in WA, with most involved in the resources sector. European companies “The presence of these firms within According to the CME, “population feature strongly (see story page 12). cities has become an increasingly increases will place increasing demands important reflection of how well a city on social and community infrastructure Of those, 48 per cent are involved in is ‘hooked in’ to the global economy,” in Perth and regional towns, requiring oil and gas projects and eight per cent the reports states. This not only enhances advanced planning and investment.” in mining and mining services. Other the city’s strategic economic position, In some areas, notably the Pilbara, a businesses came from the legal, financial but helps to inject talent and diversity and construction sectors. mismatch between demand and supply of into the local community. land has resulted in property prices and Changing demographic rents far exceeding Perth prices. DSD has collected information on the It is within the corporate cluster that establishment of new firms in these The CME report says that, in order to the demographic is changing from sectors, and has found that more than attract and retain skilled and highly-mobile being dominated by extraction-based 20 have opened offices in Perth in the past resource sector workers, it is important companies to knowledge-based, supportive two to three years. These include firms the liveability and vibrancy of Perth and key industries “that include mining software from Europe, Asia and North America, regional centres is continually improved. development, exploration, engineering and and point to Perth’s growing integration processing.” Examples of these companies with the world city network. Corporate power shift include subsea engineering, mine safety Perth’s position as a place of emerging systems, geospatial mapping and computer State breaks the mould corporate power is one of the more telling programming, to name but a few. The committee’s report describes Western signs of how the State is being remoulded. Australia as generating its wealth “primarily Perth is already headquarters of some of The committee’s report considered from growing agricultural products or the world’s largest minerals and energy the importance of financial, legal and operations such as Rio Tinto, BHP Billiton, consulting firms, whose services play a digging holes in the ground and extracting Chevron Australia and Shell Australia. critical role in articulating the flows of minerals and petroleum products”. As the committee’s report notes: “Corporate headquarters play a pivotal role in the socioeconomic and cultural development of cities by adding prestige, generating investment and specialist employment opportunities in areas such accounting, legal services and information technology. “Analysis of the market capitalisation trends in the Australian stock market is evidence of a shifting geography Brisbane 175 of corporate power that points to the increased competitiveness and growth potential of Perth as an emerging Perth Adelaide Sydney corporate centre for the resources sector. As of September 2011, total market 83 830 552 capitalisation on the Australian Stock Melbourne Exchange reached $1,374.8 billion, 325 12 per cent of which is accounted for by Perth companies. Sydney and Melbourne accounted for 43 per cent and 34 per cent of total market capitalisation, respectively. “However, of the total companies listed ASX Market Capitalisation Legend Number of Companies Market Capitalisation (x$1000) Australia-wide, Perth ranked highest as and Number of 553-831 the preferred location, with 34 per cent, or Listed Companies 34,134,706 326-552 176-325 830 companies headquartered in Perth as (As of September 2011) 60,027,701 of September 2011. Sydney and Melbourne, 83-175 167,358,971 on the other hand, accounted for 23 per N Size of the circles are proportional to the number of listed companies cent and 14 per cent, respectively.” 459, 939, 323 – 596,411,365 (numbers are inside circles). The intensity of the colour indicates The committee’s report analysed the 05250 00 1,000 1,500 the level of market capitalisation

Kilometers NOTE: The map only shows headquarters for companies where the AFR Smart Investor (2011) and UWA (2012) top 300 companies in Australia and 1:40,000,000 @ A4 location could be accurately attributed found the increasing status of Perth as Data Sources: AFR Smart Investor – Securities (as of Sept 2011) Drafted by: J.N. Rao (2012) for UWA a preferred location of corporate Source: power, “with the number of companies headquartered in the city increasing by Shifting balance of power. The number of Australian Stock Exchange-listed 31 per cent, from 42 companies in 2005 companies in Perth is greater than either Sydney or Melbourne. to 55 companies in 2011.”

9 On the surface it doesn’t appear the employment (65 per cent) was accounted The increasing emergence of WA and State fits the notion of an advanced- for by iron ore, gold and bauxite alumina Perth as a knowledge hub within the global knowledge economy. operations, as demand for these resources sector is reflected in the relative resources from Asia continued to post number of graduates within selected However, research by Felicity Wray, strong growth. knowledge economy disciplines, such as reported in FACTBase Bulletin, argues physics and astronomy, earth sciences, against the notion that primary industries The CME report looked at long-term engineering and related technologies, and a globalised, knowledge-based growth. It says the sector is projected to process and resources engineering, civil economy do not fit together. peak at 125,000 people in 2014, around engineering and law. While Western Wray’s research highlights the existence 9,000 above current levels. After 2014 it Australia’s national population share of four important hallmarks of innovative, will slowly reduce, as construction activity accounted for only around 10 per cent, data knowledge-based economies that exist in gives way to operations. This means from 2009 shows WA’s five universities Western Australia: the operating workforce will increase produce 14.6 per cent of the nation’s strongly to 2018, with an additional 19,000 domestic graduates in these disciplines, • Agglomeration economies, as a result operational staff required. and an even higher proportion (18.9%) of of the clustering of a considerable international graduates. number of nickel exploration firms in The high-growth regions will be the West Perth. Mid-West and the Kimberley. The Mid- The transformation of Perth into West will require an additional 4,800 a knowledge-rich economy is also • Technological change brought workers by 2014, of which 3,600 will be demonstrated by its increased global about by the booming mining-related new construction workers. The workforce connectivity. Perth is “increasingly software development sector in Perth. in the Kimberley is forecast to increase recognised as a global solutions centre” • Global pipelines and local buzz that from 3,400 workers in 2012 to 6,200 in oil and gas. This development is provide an indication of the myriad in 2015. mirrored in the choice of Perth as one valuable global economic connections A talent hothouse of the 11 global locations of KPMG’s Oil and interactions. and Gas Centres of Excellence. While mining heavily influences the • The central role of universities in the WA economy, much of the activity in WA Industry research centres development and expansion of the is ‘smart’, meaning that companies There are a number of industry research Western Australian nickel industry. are not just producing ore, they are centres, including: leading the way in mining technology. Mining leads employment growth The Centre for international Economics • The Energy and Minerals Institute Figures from the Australian Bureau of says mining in WA is more research • The Cooperative Research Centre Statistics (ABS) show employment in WA and development-intensive. for Mining has grown 40 per cent since 2000, with the mining sector accounting for an increased There is compelling evidence to suggest • The International Mining for share of total employment from 3.5 per that the resource-based Western Development Centre cent in 2000 to 9.0 per cent in 2012, or Australian economy is transitioning to • The Western Australian Energy 115,777 people. Allied industries, such a highly globally connected knowledge Research Alliance as construction; transport, postal and economy — and the city-region of warehousing; and professional, scientific Perth is the central hub in the network. • The Centre for Exploration Targeting and technical services also recorded One example of this global success story • The Centre of Excellence for increases in their overall share of total is the clustering of exploration firms in 3D Mineral Mapping employment. industries such as nickel, copper and gold in the suburb of West Perth. • The Centre for Energy Employment data collected by the Department of Mines and Petroleum It is clear that the profitability and quality • The Centre for Mining, Energy and (DMP) from operating mines and of mineral extractions is increasingly Natural Resources Law companies indicate the same trend. dictated by the skill and expertise • The Centre for Offshore For 2010‑11, 92,564 people were directly of supporting industries, such as Foundation Systems employed in the industry — an increase information technology. For example, 60 of 16.8 per cent, compared to 2009‑10 per cent of global mining software is now • The Centre for Petroleum Geoscience employment levels. The bulk of this produced in Perth. and CO2 Sequestration

10 Diversity a byproduct Energy a key to developing industry Infrastructure needs increasing The complex production and supply Increasing energy needs are an Supporting the continuing growth is chains associated with mineral and obvious and pivotal factor in the State’s the proliferation of a wide range of resources extraction mean that there development. The CME report predicts infrastructure, including aviation, ports, rail, is a wide range of firms that provide “the estimated State electricity road and social projects. facilities, equipment and services growth rate over the period to 2023 is Aviation appears to be the most stark that ultimately make up the entire 5.6 per cent per annum; substantially reminder of the ongoing transformation. resources industry. These facilities, higher than the 1.9 per cent long-term Western Australia’s airports have equipment and services include: asset electricity growth (to 2035) forecast from experienced significant growth in demand management, exploration, engineering the Bureau of Resources and Energy over the last decade. (e.g. civil, mechanical, electrical, Economics (BREE). chemical and environmental), extraction According to the CME, “passenger volumes “Electricity consumption in Western and processing, construction, geology, at Perth Airport grew from 4.9 million in Australia could increase approximately geophysics, occupational health 2001 to 11.3 million in 2011 – a growth rate 52 per cent by 2018, driven by projects in and safety, transport, research and of nine per cent annually. Port Hedland, the resources sector . . . with most new development, project management, Newman, Karratha and Paraburdoo electricity generation required by the legal services, urban planning, and have averaged growth over 16 per cent sector in 2018 being for projects in the even anthropology. – meaning passenger volumes have more Pilbara (70%) and Mid-West (15%). than quadrupled since 2001”. The growth and diversity of Perth’s “Natural gas demand for Western resources sector places it at the hub On the waterfront, bulk mineral export Australia is (also) expected to increase, of the global network of knowledge facilities are operating at capacity. from an estimated 430 PJ in 2012 to exchange, with an increasing number of “Total trade volume through Port Authority 700 PJ in 2023, with resource-sector high profile events held in the city each Ports more than doubled (over nine years), demand expected to increase by from 200Mt in 2002 to 428Mt in 2011,” year. In the five years 2005-2012, there 81 PJ/a by 2018 — a 47 per cent says the CME. “This growth was driven were at least 109 mining and resources- increase on 2012. almost entirely by exports.” related conferences held within Perth/ WA, attended by 66,500 people. “Total water abstraction in Western Into the future Australia is forecast to increase at an Austmine’s National Conference will The committee’s report says recent annual growth rate of three per cent be held in Perth from 20-23 May and developments in Western Australia indicate — from 1,900 GL in 2012 to 2,640 GL in is expected to attract 300 industry the State remains an attractive place to locate 2023. Resources sector water use is delegates. In April 2016 Perth will for innovating organisations and companies. projected to reach 400 GL above 2012 host LNG 18, a triennial conference, levels by 2018, totalling 980 GL. However, according to the CME, while organised by the International Gas Union growth remains strong, “changing market (IGU), Gas Technology Institute (GTI) and “Most new resource sector water use conditions, increasing difficulty in gaining International Institute of Refrigeration in the State will be located in the access to finance, increases in the costs of (IIR). This event is expected to attract Pilbara, with water use more than doing business, and challenges in recruiting 5000 delegates from across Australia doubling from 205 GL in 2012 to 420 GL a skilled workforce all need to be addressed and internationally. in 2018.” to maintain this growth.

11 European companies settle on Perth Photo: Vertech

A rigger from Vertech, now a division of Scottish firm GEG, check a flange connection on flare tower.

With the attraction of $167 billion The company has worked on several At its Kwinana plant, BASF is producing worth of investment in Western major onshore gas projects in Australia solution and powder-grade flocculants Australian resources projects, more including BHP Macedon and Woodside for the mining industry and its salt and more European companies are Otway. They are now involved with lake operation at the Hutt Lagoon is calling Perth home. a number of major offshore LNG producing commercial grade algae and operations, including Chevron’s beta-carotene for dietary supplements Figures released by the Department of Wheatstone and Gorgon projects, BHP and natural food colouring. State Development (DSD) in November Billiton’s Macedon as well as the subsea 2012 showed that in the previous two installation on Apache’s Balnaves field. Scottish-based Global Energy Group years 85 overseas businesses opened (GEG) recently joined the WA market. new offices in WA, with most involved in Germany chemicals firm, BASF opened The company opened its Australian the resources sector. a new laboratory, office and research headquarters in West Perth, following centre last year in Perth. This follows Of those, 48 per cent are involved in its acquisition of Australian company, the company signing a long-term oil and gas projects and eight per Global Resources Network, GRN agreement with the Commonwealth cent in mining and mining services. Australasian Pty Ltd. Scientific and Industry Research Other businesses came from the legal, Organisation (CSIRO) to lease the GEG specialises in construction and financial and construction sectors. premises in exchange for sponsoring maintenance of energy industry assets. DSD figures show 43 European companies collaborative research with the Parker Its entire Australian staff are based opening offices in WA since 2010. This Centre, a hydrometallurgy research and in WA across three premises in Perth. includes 14 from the United Kingdom, development organisation. The West Perth, Malaga and North Beach 11 from Norway, four from Belgium and operations employ around 60 office- The collaborative research will focus two each from France, Germany, the based staff, with 250 more engineering on breakthrough technologies and Netherlands and Switzerland. staff in the field. processing for alumina, base metals, Companies like French oil and gas gold and uranium. In October 2012, the company announced specialists, Technip have expanded its third Australian acquisition, taking a BASF consisting of 474 staff across their WA operations and recently controlling interest in specialist services Australia and 69 in WA, has a diverse opened new premises. company Vertech Pty Ltd. portfolio. The company’s research team The Paris-based company has operated at Bentley is looking at ways to improve GEG is working on a number of major in WA since 1995 and employs the thickening process for valuables Western Australian projects, including approximately 750 staff in Australia, and tailings using advanced rheology Woodside Karratha Gas and Ensco’s of whom 700 are in WA. modifiers. offshore drilling platforms 104 and 109.

12 Resources industry continues to support local jobs

Resource projects in Western Australia continue to develop, benefiting the economy with new businesses opening and additional jobs. More than 75,000 jobs have been created and $30 billion in contracts have been awarded to WA-based suppliers since July 2011.

One of the prime examples of the at the AMC at Henderson and Barrow One of the prime expansion of the WA economy is the Island. The partners also recently CB & I Kentz Joint Venture at the launched an apprenticeship and examples of the expansion Australian Marine Complex (AMC), which traineeship program that would offer recently engaged its 1,000th employee up to 100 places. of the WA economy is the on the Chevron-operated Gorgon Project The State Government has invested CB & I Kentz Joint Venture contract. almost $400 million in infrastructure at the Australian Marine The contract, valued at $2.2 billion, is for at the AMC to help Western Australian mechanical, electrical, instrumental and industry win work associated with Complex (AMC). commissioning support for the Gorgon major projects. LNG trains. The contracts are listed in the The contract, one of many high-value, Department of Commerce’s November The November 2012 report contains a sophisticated work packages being 2012 Local Content Report. number of highlights, including strong undertaken across the State, would The government reports began in May growth in local contract awards; positive ultimately create more than 1,650 2011 and provide Parliament and the reporting by major project proponents; local jobs. people of WA with important information increasing entry into the State’s economy by The joint venture partners also regarding achievements and trends specialist, globally-based companies; and a launched a recruitment drive to source in local industry participation in our further set of policy initiatives developed in a further 600 employees for jobs both mineral and energy projects. consultation with stakeholders.

The Australian Marine Complex.

13 Photo: Chevron

An aerial view of the foundation structures for the LNG jetty and the materials offloading facility on Barrow Island looking back towards the plant site. Maritime facility helps keeps content local

Since the State Government opened The facility has 50ha of sealed and Since 2003, the CUF has the Common User Facility (CUF) serviced laydown and assembly area and at the Australian Marine Complex five load-out wharves – one of which is created $1.4 billion in (AMC) in 2003, it has not only provided fitted with a 300 tonne crane – and there economic activity in WA local companies with an improved is also a big fabrication hall. ability to compete for major tenders — a sum that would have It has the world’s most technically- but also kept jobs in Western Australia advanced floating dock and a 512-wheeled gone elsewhere had the that might have gone to overseas self-propelled Modular Transporter that facilities. facility not been developed. can transfer up to 4,500 tonnes. Since 2003, the CUF has created The range of infrastructure gives $1.4 billion in economic activity in industry the ability to expand and WA — a sum that would have gone concrete caissons for the export jetty diversify operations and compete for elsewhere had the facility not been at Barrow Island, using the CUF to big-scale projects without having to developed. cast and assemble the whole units for expand their own physical boundaries. transporting north. The infrastructure hall allowed for This represents a significant cost While businesses catering to the energy local companies to win important saving, which can be reflected in more industry account for 60 per cent of contracts within the oil and gas, mining, competitive pricing. users, the CUF also provides capacity for marine and defence sectors. Currently the major CB & I Kentz Joint suppliers to a variety of mining, marine The facility has been a great success Venture services the Gorgon project. and defence projects including the and is an important source of The Saipem Leighton Gorgon maintenance and repair of naval frigates employment for Perth’s southern region. Consortium is also building 55 and submarines.

14 $30b of benefits

Local businesses are seizing their This year, 120 local small and share of resource projects in Western medium-sized businesses were Australia, having claimed contracts allocated $2.5 million to assist in worth $30 billion. areas including capital equipment The November 2012 Local Content upgrades; risk management and Report revealed more than 75,000 quality assurance; training; and jobs had been created as a result of business systems improvement. $30 billion in contracts awarded to There has already been 30 positive WA-based suppliers since July 2011. outcomes from the program that The contracts are across a wide range have led to contracts being awarded of businesses in the manufacturing and increased employment. and service sector, including These include: construction, project management and equipment supply. • Software company Scope Australia awarded $9.5 million in contracts Despite increased volatility in some commodity prices, the outlook for • Perth Surveying Services won the resources sector, and therefore $3.97 million in contracts the WA economy, remains strong. • Dwyer Engineering and Construction activity will remain buoyant Construction picked up and there are $167 billion of projects $13.8 million in contracts. under construction, or in the pipeline. The November 2012 Report has In terms of project reporting, Gorgon details of a further 10 government achieved a result of 64 per cent local initiatives designed to ensure content, a significant increase on 44 per competitive local companies have cent from the previous year. every opportunity to do business The November report shows these with our resource projects. This adds projects incurred $15 billion in greater impetus to the momentum operational expenditure, of which built up since the introduction of WA’s share was 75 per cent; while the Local Industry Participation construction-based outlays were $9.3 Framework in July 2011. billion, where WA claimed 69 per cent.

85 businesses move to WA At a time when the outlook for some businesses in WA, while Norway has 11 and associated services such as project commodity prices appear uncertain, and China has eight. operators and engineering providers confidence in the Western Australian were the third biggest group. The arrival of more international economy remains strong. companies brings a number of benefits The State Government identified the 85 The November 2012 Local Content to the State, including knowledge organisations and found that the most Report highlighted that offshore transfer; research and development compelling reason for these companies companies continued to be positive activities; and new technologies, while to make such a big investment was in about the State’s resources sector. opening pathways for future global response to the current and predicted expansion through trade and network growth of the WA economy. In the past two years, 85 global development. companies which specialise in The report found companies also supporting resource project activity Of the 85 companies, nearly half are from regarded the State as a rapidly-emerging have either established themselves the oil and gas industry, which consists global oil and gas hub, with the added in WA or significantly expanded their mainly of project operators, equipment attraction of joint venture partnerships suppliers, service providers, consultants’ and alliances with local companies. Also, presence here. services and exploration enterprises. businesses said the strong focus on Companies from the United Kingdom Legal and financial services represented research and development in this State and the USA each have 16 additional the second biggest sector, while mining made a move desirable.

15 $10m seawater pipeline to support Pilbara expansion Photo: Aurora Energy

Aurora Energy’s algae harvesting ponds at Karratha.

The State Government is providing rich biomass for aquaculture and The development is another $10 million in funding from Royalties animal feed. for Regions to construct a Common example of how science The common-user infrastructure will User Seawater Pipeline to support the and scientific innovation are expansion of an algae industry deliver benefits beyond encouraging at Karratha. the investment of Aurora Algae, maximising opportunities in with the seawater resource capable of The pipeline would initially support supporting further investment by other Western Australia. Aurora Algae, a US-based technology industrial users. company which is investing $86 million towards a Stage 1 production facility The development is another example close proximity to sea water – the at Karratha. of how science and scientific innovation are maximising opportunities in two key ingredients for the efficient Aurora’s proposed production Western Australia. production of algae – and the ready facility is estimated to bring 170 jobs supply of carbon dioxide that is a to the region. An expanded algae industry in the by-product of the resources sector. Pilbara would also play an important The company’s pilot facility close As well as bringing jobs and economic role to provide much-needed economic to Karratha airport has proved the diversification to the region, Aurora’s diversification in the region. technology to produce biodiesel; production facility will create new Omega-3 used in health supplements The Pilbara is ideally suited to the exports, helping reduce the resources and nutraceuticals used by the development of the algae industry, industry’s CO2 emissions and support pharmaceutical industry; and protein- due to the abundant sunshine and the local provision of diesel.

16 Mines and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore presents Dr Kellie Pendoley with a Golden Gecko. Golden Gecko awards showcase environmental excellence Nominations for this year’s prestigious “The Golden Geckos allow companies to In 2012, Pendoley Environmental Pty Golden Gecko Awards for Environmental share their experiences with government, Ltd received a Golden Gecko Award for Excellence are open. industry and the community,” Dr Gorey said. Environmental Excellence for research into WA’s sea turtle population. The awards, launched in 1992, recognise “Receiving a Golden Gecko Award also excellence and leadership, and helps to build the reputation of being a Entries for this year’s Golden Gecko Awards acknowledge the outstanding contribution good corporate citizen with a responsible are now open and close on 12 April 2013. recipients have made to the responsible attitude to the environment.” development of WA’s resources. Dr Gorey said assessment is merit-based, For more information, including Department of Mines and Petroleum so there is no competition between entries. links to the entry form go to: Environment Division Executive Director www.dmp.wa.gov.au/goldengecko, Dr Phil Gorey said the awards offered an “An assessment panel from various or contact Golden Gecko co-ordinator opportunity for industry to be recognised government agencies assess each of the Richard Smetana on (08) 9222 3639 or by for leading-practice and innovation in eligible entries by attending site visits and email at [email protected] environmental management. presentations,” he said. State well positioned

With business investment remaining the of WA exports fell five per cent to $114 “The big resource projects responsible for key driver of growth in the near term, billion, mainly caused by the sharp drop in the high growth in business investment and underpinning above-average population the spot price for iron ore, from $US150 underpinning the State’s growth require a growth and strong labour demand, the a tonne in May 2012 to around $US90 a significant amount of plant and equipment Western Australian economy is well tonne in October 2012. In February 2013 the that tend to be sourced from overseas,” positioned heading into 2013, according to spot price was once again trading around says DSD’s Director of State Development the latest figures compiled by Treasury and $US150 a tonne. Policy, Amy Lomas. the Department of State Development (DSD). Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) became Western “This can be seen in merchandise imports, Western Australia’s seasonally adjusted Australia’s third largest export commodity in which grew at the rate of 27.6 per cent in unemployment rate fell from 4.3 per cent in 2012, with the value of LNG exports rising 24 2011-12. December 2012 to four per cent in January per cent to $10.7 billion, overtaking the value “However, Treasury expects the growth in 2013, while the national rate remained of crude oil and condensate exports, which imports to fall sharply over the new few unchanged at 5.4 per cent. decreased by eight per cent to $10.3 billion. years in line with the moderation in business The State continues to provide the bulk Looking forward, the State’s economic investment and the rise in exports.” of Australia’s export earnings, with WA growth over the next few years is expected “That’s not bad news for the WA economy, contributing 46 per cent ($114 billion) of the to remain close to trend as a number of because it simply signals a shift to the next nation’s merchandise exports in 2012, higher major projects currently under construction phase, where production kicks into action, than the share of New South Wales, Victoria begin production and the driver of growth and export growth is projected to grow at and Queensland combined (43 per cent). rebalances away from business investment rates six per cent and above for the next and into strong growth in exports. few years.” Iron ore continues to be the main driver of export volume growth, with the volume of Growth in business investment in 2011-12 “The figures show strong year-on-year exports rising 12 per cent to 510 million was 38.2 per cent, the highest level since economic growth in WA, at levels above four tonnes in 2012. However, the total value 2005-06. per cent per year for the next four years.” 17 T i m o r S e a Canning Basin WYNDHAM

makes a ‘comeback’ BROOME

Roughly the size of France, the Canning Basin covers more than 500,000 square PORT HEDLAND kilometres of Western Australia’s CANNING southwest Kimberley region and has BASIN geological similarities to some of the EXMOUTH world’s most productive Palaeozoic-aged basins. After a couple of decades of low level exploration, Prospect discovers WESTERN the region is finding its way back into CARNARVON the spotlight, thanks to a new oil discovery and its untouched shale and AUSTRALIA tight oil and gas resources.

The Canning Basin once enjoyed a healthy level of petroleum exploration before interest in the area slowed to a halt in the mid-1980s, following the I n d i a n discovery of major petroleum resources O c e a n KALGOORLIE off-shore on the North West Shelf. The North West Shelf has been the main PERTH source of domestic gas in WA for the BUNBURY past 25 years. Southern Ocean However, Department of Mines and Petroleum Executive Director for Petroleum Bill Tinapple said reserves in the North West Shelf could not supply “That really is a staggering amount when was committed to ensuring its petroleum the State’s energy needs forever. you consider the amount of conventional regulations reflected best practice for “It is estimated Western Australia’s gas discovered to date in onshore and hydraulic fracture stimulation activities. domestic conventional gas supply could offshore WA is only around 142 trillion “In August 2012, we introduced new fall below demand by as early as 2016,” cubic feet. Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Tinapple said. “A 229 trillion cubic feet resource Resources (Environment) regulations “The worldwide competition for new is enough for around 450 years of — which are among the strongest in the sources of gas supported by this domestic gas supply at WA’s current world and require full public disclosure predicted change in the State’s energy rate of consumption.” of chemicals used to provide greater supply has led to a renewed interest transparency to operators and the WA is currently in the exploration / by industry in onshore gas and the vast community. proof of concept phase for onshore gas, amount of untouched shale and tight estimated to be approximately five to 10 “The department is committed to engaging gas resources estimated to be in the years behind the United States industry in community consultation to understand Canning Basin.” — in terms of time needed to reach the the issues of concern to communities, The US Energy Information Agency production phase. demystify the process of fraccing, and estimates the Canning Basin to hold differentiate WA from other jurisdictions. With industry commentators predicting the largest onshore gas potential of any onshore gas will account for 30 per cent “Working with communities is crucial for Australian basin. of global production by 2040, the State both government and industry to ensure “The Canning Basin is very large in area Government is focused on strengthening social licence to operate issues are and, although it has had about 250 wells the regulatory framework to responsibly recognised and addressed from the outset.” drilled in its history, it is still a highly support this emerging industry. underexplored area,” Tinapple said. “By setting the standards now, the For more information on “An estimated 229 trillion cubic feet department is providing operators with a onshore gas, please visit: (Tcf) of shale and tight gas could be clear understanding of what is required to www.dmp.wa.gov.au/onshoregas recoverable from the basin’s Goldwyer undertake petroleum operations in WA,” and sign up to our RSS feed. shale formation. Tinapple said, adding the department

18 DMP continues community engagement program Photo: Buru Energy

Buru’s Steve Broome and Paul Scott check an oil sample at Ungani EPT. Buru blazes exploration trail One company that needs little incentive to gas resources; and the highly-promising progress its work in the Canning Basin is Goldwyer Shale. A CSIRO report is guiding the Perth-based explorer Buru Energy, which If all goes to plan, Buru executive director Department of Mines and Petroleum’s has been steadily building a portfolio of Eric Streitberg says the company will begin (DMP) unconventional gas community exploration and production tenements in supplying gas from the Basin to WA’s engagement program. the region since 2007 and has accelerated domestic gas customers via a pipeline to its activity since its Ungani conventional The December 2012 report is based Port Hedland by late 2015, reaching full oil discovery last year. on information gathered during a production by 2017. community workshop held in the Against a backdrop of sustained high oil “We have a lot of work ahead of us and we Mid West in October 2012. prices and increased demand for domestic have a long way to go to prove our reserves gas in WA, it is not difficult to understand The report analyses community interests up to commercial level but the promise we the explorer’s excitement at being one and concerns regarding onshore see so far is very large,” he said. of the first players to stake a claim in the unconventional gas and provides State’s largest sedimentary basin. Streitberg said every element of suggestions on how to address issues. Buru’s success helps promote the With the backing of partner Mitsubishi “This report has become a key document Canning’s profile. Corporation, Buru recently topped up its for the department in developing our large asset base with the multi-million “We are the only company doing any community engagement strategies dollar purchase of two new parcels of long-term exploration in the basin at this for the unconventional gas sector,” acreage, boosting its holdings in the point, so every hole we drill adds to the Deputy Director General for Strategic region to 69,000km2. knowledge base significantly,” he said. Policy, Michelle Andrews said. While Buru has started test production “We have spent a great deal of time and “As a regulator, it is important to of oil at Ungani and is continuing its effort over the past few years making continue to work with the community to production at the Blina and Sundown sure we integrate our geological data ensure issues are being addressed and oilfields, the company’s other focus is on into the overall understanding of the basin information gaps are filled. the wealth of resources believed to lie and its prospectivity. “This is an integral part in the within the basin’s tight unconventional oil “We have a huge amount of the basin department’s commitment to inform, and gas reserves. under title and we are actively and consult and involve community It is the only company with material systematically exploring across some fairly stakeholders in the regulation of the exposure to both of the largest and most wide areas — every element of success we emerging unconventional gas industry prospective unconventional plays in the have validates our geological theories and in Western Australia. region — the Laurel Formation, with its means another huge step forward in the “The contribution of those who participated massive, independently-verified tight industry’s understanding of the region.” in the Mid West workshop will assist the department to gain an understanding of issues relating to the sector.” Other activities are being planned for the North West this year. To view the report, please visit www.dmp.wa.gov.au/onshoregas and select ‘helpful links and documents’.

Ungani EPT.

Photo: Buru Energy 19 New executive to drive WA minerals research Newly appointed WAMRI CEO Mark Woffenden. A 35-year resources industry expert has helping previously uneconomic deposits working closely with the new institute taken the helm at the State Government’s become attractive to industry. on expanding the tertiary institution’s new $7.5 million Western Australian contribution to world-class mineral “We must all remember that the long- Minerals Research Institute (WAMRI). research. term sustainability of this industry is Mark Woffenden, the outgoing head dependent upon the discovery of new “It will directly benefit Western Australia of Curtin University’s Resources and resources and the development of new and the nation through the advancement Chemistry Precinct, has been appointed to technologies,” Mr Moore said. of knowledge and education in an area the new CEO role at WAMRI. vital to the Australian economy and the Mr Woffenden’s appointment was nation’s future,” Professor Johnson said. “Mr Woffenden was the ideal candidate, endorsed by the institute’s board of as not only does he have strong strategic directors, which includes BHP Billiton UWA Energy and Minerals Institute and technical knowledge when it comes to senior research and development Director Tim Shanahan said WAMRI the various challenges and opportunities manager, Peter Lilly; Australian would foster improved exploration of the contemporary WA mineral industry, Petroleum Production and Exploration techniques and promote new processing he has also held positions with major Association chief operating officer methods for WA’s minerals industry. resources’ players Rio Tinto, Hamersley for Western Region, Stedman Ellis; “We greatly appreciate Minister Moore’s Iron, Comalco Aluminium and KPMG Rio Tinto Innovation general manager support for bringing government, Consulting,” said outgoing Mines Minister Andrew Shook; Resource Capital Funds researchers and industry together for Norman Moore. managing partner James McClements minerals research and the benefit of “I am confident the institute will flourish and Phil Lockyer, director of Phil Western Australia,” Mr Shanahan said at under his stewardship, promoting the Lockyer and Associates. the launch. long-term international competitiveness of University of WA (UWA) Vice-Chancellor “This announcement will enhance EMI WA’s minerals industry.” Professor Paul Johnson welcomed the research capabilities and outcomes in WAMRI will develop new mineral discovery, announcement of the new institute and the minerals sector through greater extraction and recovery technologies, said the university looked forward to industry participation.”

Indonesian Ministry signs resources training deal A new program to deliver education, to provide services in extractives assistance to Ministry staff for training and capacity-building for administration. scholarships, advanced studies and Indonesia’s mining, oil, gas and to attend relevant courses at partner Indonesian delegates also visited the technology sectors was recently signed universities and other institutions,” in a Memorandum of Understanding Accelerated Learning Laboratories in Mr Satchwell said. (MoU) at the University of Western UWA’s School of Psychology, and the “The MoU will also broaden and deepen Australia (UWA). Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics. existing collaborations in mining and The signatories were delegates from energy research and education between Indonesia’s Ministry of Energy and Mr Satchwell said the Indonesian Training the two leading universities in that Mineral Resources Training Agency and Agency first approached the centre last sector — UWA and UQ.” representatives from the International December to build Ministry capacity The IM4DC partnership was formed Mining For Development Centre (IM4DC) through cooperation and assistance. last year between UWA’s Energy and — a partnership between UWA and the He said IM4DC was already delivering Minerals Institute, UQ and AusAID to University of Queensland (UQ). a project through UQ to cooperatively support governance, sustainability and IM4DC Director Ian Satchwell said the develop new competency standards expertise in developing nations. Indonesian Ministry had independently and training for about 1,000 Indonesian IM4DC’s program includes scholarships identified UWA as its preferred partner inspectors to administer new mining laws for students from developing nations for capacity-building in oil and gas in that country. to study advanced mine sciences at administration. “In addition to short courses and other research-intensive universities in The visit included discussions with capacity-building, the MoU provides Australia’s two main resource-rich key UWA staff about building capacity for the centre to provide advice and states.

20 Photo: Rio Tinto

Approval of an extension to the Yandicoogina Mine demonstrates the strength of the WA economy.

Mines’ expansion gets green light

The State Government has approved Among other uses, surplus water The investment at proposals by Rio Tinto Iron Ore to extracted from the mine will be expand two of its iron ore operations used for hay production, which will Nammuldi will create and build a major new power station provide additional stock feed for almost 1,500 construction in the Pilbara, clearing the way for a local pastoralists. $3 billion investment. jobs and secure ongoing At Cape Lambert, Rio Tinto will build a The expansion of Rio Tinto’s Nammuldi state-of-the-art, fuel efficient 130MW employment for more and Yandicoogina mines and power station to feed into its integrated than 700 people, construction of a 130MW power station power network. This additional power at Cape Lambert will help to sustain source will help meet the port’s power while the $1.8 billion Western Australia’s strong economic needs as annual capacity grows from Yandicoogina extension performance. 85 million tonnes to 235 million tonnes by 2015. will provide continued The investment at Nammuldi will create almost 1,500 construction jobs Both investments were announced employment for about and secure ongoing employment for by Rio Tinto last year subject to 1,000 people. more than 700 people, while the government approvals. $1.8 billion Yandicoogina extension Approvals for the Nammuldi project will provide continued employment for were granted under the Iron Ore about 1,000 people. (Hamersley Range) Agreement Act 1963 and development of the Junction The Nammuldi mine, 60km north- and for the Cape Lambert Power station, South West deposit as a new mining west of Tom Price, includes a major the Iron Ore (Robe River) Agreement operation. investment in mine infrastructure, Act 1964. Both State Agreements are It will also see production expand which will see iron ore mined below the managed by the Department of State from 55 to 60 million tonnes per water table and increase the mine’s Development (DSD). Rio Tinto has annum (Mtpa), adding to the State’s production limit from eight to 23 million received environmental approval for royalty income. tonnes a year. both projects. The project was approved under the Production of ore from below the water The Yandi Sustaining Project includes Iron Ore (Yandicoogina) Agreement Act table is expected to begin in the third upgrades of major infrastructure, 1996. The proposed works also have quarter of 2014. additional workforce accommodation environmental approval.

21 Long-haul LNG vehicle trial a success

WA company Orbital has produced (by energy), the Orbital system has learning and the opportunity to prove impressive results from a trial of its significantly reduced fuel costs. The cost the reliability of the gas system. LNG-diesel fuel substitution system. difference in the fuels is considerable, Paul Thorp, the WA Fleet and Logistics with LNG 30 to 40 per cent cheaper than A year ago Prospect featured the Manager for TMS, said Orbital’s system diesel and also more environmentally company and its LNG-powered heavy helped mitigate rising fuel costs. vehicles, which have been on the road friendly. “With rigs this size, fuel is a significant since November 2010. The dual fuel capability is a must in part of operating costs,” Thorp said. Western Australia. It can be a long way Toll Mining Services (TMS) has been “The LNG system gives us reduced to the next LNG refuelling point, and testing the system, with its B-Double fuel costs, while helping us maintain means the trucks can revert to diesel and road train prime movers hauling performance and driveability operation if gas runs out. up to three trailers, with a total weight standards.” approaching 150 tonnes. The prime movers have now Orbital is a true Western Australian accumulated more than two million Working around the clock, on some operation, with the technology kilometres, with the trial successful for of WA’s longest and loneliest roads, developed and supplied by a they’ve clocked up the kilometres fast. TMS and Orbital. local company to a key transport Toll says that with LNG substituting TMS has been able to reduce fuel costs, company servicing Australia using a diesel fuel at rates of up to 80 per cent while Orbital has gained invaluable domestically-sourced fuel. Photo: Orbital

Orbital engineers work on a long-haul LNG-powered vehicle at the company’s Balcatta headquarters.

22 Report shows cultural diversity important to WA economy

A new report which outlines the WA is seen nationally and internationally productivity through innovation and economic and social contribution of as a place of opportunity for all people, business formation, enhanced trade migrants to Western Australia has providing a harmonious environment links and international markets been released by the Office of that respects differing points of views and supported regional development Multicultural Interests. and cultural differences. and repopulation. The report titled The Economic and Among its findings, the report identified: The Department of State Development, Social Contribution of Migrants to Western the Department of Training and • The international education sector Australia was commissioned by the State Workforce Development, the alone contributed $795 million to Government to increase community Department of Education Services and the WA economy. awareness of the benefits that migrants Tourism WA contributed to the report. bring to WA. • Migrants provided a net fiscal Copies of The Economic and Social contribution of $355 million to The office released the report along Contribution of Migrants to Western WA’s economy annually. with the State Government’s Cultural Australia full report and the summary Diversity Statement, which supports and • About 40 per cent of WA small report are available from the Office promotes cultural diversity as one of the businesses are owned and operated of Multicultural Interests website State’s greatest assets late last year. by migrants. www.omi.wa.gov.au The Cultural Diversity Statement adds In addition, the report found that to the awareness and value of WA as the economic returns from migration a State enriched by our multicultural and cultural diversity included the Government of Western Australia population and the latent opportunities injection of skilled labour to WA’s Department of Local Government this diversity provides. workforce, job generation, increased Office of Multicultural Interests

23 Exporting great ideas to the world Photo: MineARC Systems

Simulated training in a mine refuge chamber.

Australians have never been shy of taking their innovation to the world, so it should come as little surprise that two local manufacturing businesses are dominating their respective corners of the global metalliferous mine market. Prospect takes a look at how two Perth-based companies are making a global impression.

Since the 1990s, Perth companies and influence industry legislation, they exhaust oxygen and expire carbon MineARC Systems and Immersive domestically and overseas. dioxide and carbon monoxide. Technologies have each been exporting Before the company’s inception, most Ingress of these harmful gases can a unique range of home-grown products underground refuge chambers were also occur as people enter and leave designed to improve a mine’s safety rudimentary steel shipping containers the chamber and without a scrubbing performance and profitability, growing to connected to the mine air supply, with system in place, the atmosphere inside become world leaders in their fields. no back-up life support systems should an occupied refuge can become fatal Mine safety equipment specialist the air supply fail, and no cooling inside in a matter of minutes. MineARC has been supplying industry- the chambers, despite high ambient MineARC recently developed a stand- leading emergency refuge chambers to mine temperatures. alone carbon monoxide scrubbing major mine operators around the globe, MineARC’s first major innovation was unit for easy installation into generic since the company was first established the development of its patented CO/ chambers that lack the vital life support in 1999. feature, thereby bringing the units in CO2 electrical scrubbing system, MineARC was a leading pioneer of designed to remove the build-up of line with the official guidelines set out by the WA Department of Mines and the modern-day refuge chamber potentially-fatal carbon dioxide and Petroleum (DMP). industry, developing new refuge carbon monoxide gases from the air chamber technologies that would vastly inside a refuge chamber. The gases are In 2008, the company signalled its arrival improve future safe working practices caused primarily by the occupants as onto the US coal scene with the first

24 major sales of its patented CoalSAFE Immersive’s unique approach to safety Simulators has reached more than 310, refuge chambers to major mine is made possible through a series of utilising over 710 simulator training operators in Alabama. licensing alliances with some of the modules over approximately 230 global world’s leading original equipment mining customers,” said an Immersive To this day, CoalSAFE remains the manufacturers, allowing it to access the Technologies spokesman. only refuge chamber model engineered raft of proprietary technical information to US Mine Safety and Health “In 2012 we had a 30 per cent growth required to correctly simulate any given Administration regulations, which in revenue, following an accelerated piece of equipment. require all refuge chambers to have investment in research, product internal cooling systems. Currently, eight of the world’s top 10 development, technical support and mining companies, including Rio Tinto, global locations. “Refuge chambers in their current form Vale and BHP Billiton, use Immersive’s have been around for about 15 years “We expect this year will follow suit, as simulators as a key tool in recruiting, and we have been there from the we continue to provide solutions in crucial training and optimising their workforce. beginning,” said MineARC’s Australian areas such as quantifying operator Business Manager Paul Medcraft, who “The global mining footprint of our competencies and linking them to, and manages the company’s sales in the deployed Advanced Equipment driving, operational performance.” Australasian region. MineARC has regional offices throughout the world with a second major fabrication facility in Dallas, Texas. “We have a number of worldwide offices, and a presence now in most corners of the globe,” Mr Medcraft said. “We liaise closely with the appropriate mining authorities in each country so that modifications and upgrades can remain at the cutting edge of the market.” With models ranging from an ultra- portable four-person chamber through to a 32-person portable, as well as permanent chambers capable of accommodating more than 200 people, MineARC can customise a safety solution to suit most mining applications. Aside from underground mining, the Photo: Immersive Technologies business’ major growth areas include the tunnelling and chemical processing industries, both of which have inherent Immersive Technologies’ PRO3-B has been specifically designed for surface mining. safety concerns similar to mining. In 2010 and 2012, the company received the WA Exporter of the Year award from the Department of Commerce, for its sustained export growth. A few kilometres from MineARC’s offices, the world’s largest proven and tested supplier of innovative simulator training solutions to the mining industry is going strong, almost 20 years after its first model was released. Immersive Technologies achieved its unique position in the market by focusing on a mission to make every mining and earthmoving operator in the world safer – and their employers more profitable – through the use of its patented Advanced Equipment Simulators. The units are helping hundreds of mining companies throughout the world to Photo: MineARC Systems increase the safety of their operators and MineARC’s Paul Medcraft. The company’s chamber is the only one engineered to their sites through effective simulation US Mine Safety and Health Administration regulations. training.

25 New iron ore facility for Esperance

The current port at Esperance.

The go-ahead for the next stage of sector proponent ultimately selected It is expected that the decision will developing a new iron ore export facility through the RFP process. facilitate growth of the Yilgarn region’s at the Port of Esperance has been given iron ore sector. Last year the State Government indicated by the State Government. its preference for Esperance Port as the Investors interviewed during the The WA Government has accepted site for additional port infrastructure to market-sounding considered the an Esperance Port Authority board cater for demand from iron ore producers Yilgarn region to have reasonable recommendation to start a procurement in the Yilgarn region. prospects of generating additional process to identify a private sector financially viable iron ore projects The proposed facility will lead to an consortium to design, finance, construct which are required to support expansion of Esperance Port’s iron ore and operate a multi-user iron ore investment in the new MUIOF. export capacity. The size of the new facility (MUIOF). facility will be determined by the The market-sounding exercise also Potential proponents are invited to apply proponent building the new infrastructure confirmed previous industry studies for pre-qualification to participate in a after entering into contracts with miners. that iron ore production in the Yilgarn Request for Proposal (RFP) process. Region could significantly grow in the Recent market sounding conducted for next 10-15 years. Following this initial step, potential the Esperance Port Authority indicated proponents will be shortlisted and that initially it may be commercially viable The MUIOF would be designed in invited to participate in a RFP process. to develop a facility for an additional such a way so as not to preclude the It is expected the preferred proponent 10 to 12 million tonnes per year. development of additional iron facilities will be identified later this year. in stages as justified by demand. Currently the port has an operating All project funding and associated costs licence to handle 11.5 million tonnes Registrations of interest closed on will be the responsibility of the private a year. 1 March.

Multi-government services at new registrar building A new Mining Registrar office has been produced $2.5 billion in commodities Department of the Attorney General; opened in Mount Magnet, as part of the in 2011-12. licensing functions for the Department of Transport; and various services State Government’s commitment to “The facility accommodates the for the Western Australian Electoral maintain accessible services to regional administration of mining activities within Commission and the Department for communities. the Black Range and Mount Magnet Racing, Gaming and Liquor.” The new 115m2 facility, officially districts and the Yalgoo mineral field,” opened by retired Mines and Petroleum Mr Moore said. Funding for the new facility was announced as part of the State Budget Minister Norman Moore, will provide “Other government services are also 2012-13, with the State Government vital government services in the State’s being carried out from the new facility, committing $1.33 million to build the Mid-West and Gascoyne regions, which such as administration activities for the multi-purpose government office. The facility replaces the previous Mining Registrar’s office, built in 1955. In 2010-11, the Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) processed 133 Miner’s Rights for hobby prospectors, and 414 tenement applications in the Mount Magnet area. Western Australia has 10 Mining Registrar regional offices at Collie, Coolgardie, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Karratha, Leonora, Marble Bar, Meekatharra, Mount Magnet, Norseman and Southern Cross. 26 Publication to assist gemstone enthusiasts Earlier this year out going Mines and Petroleum Minister Norman Moore launched a new comprehensive publication about Western Australian gemstones and decorative stones. Gemstones of Western Australia is the first substantial and systematic work on Western Australian gemstones by the Department of Mines and Petroleum’s Geological Photo: UWA Survey of WA (GSWA) and was produced in collaboration with the Gemmological Professor Peter Veth inspects aerial shots of Barrow Island. Association of Australia (WA Division). Mr Moore said the colourful publication was written for experienced fossickers and amateur rockhounds, as much as it was for the professional geologist and gemmologist. “This is a comprehensive resource on gemstones and decorative stones used Barrow Island time in jewellery and ornamental sculpture in WA,” Mr Moore said. “It outlines geographic locations of known deposits, which will assist fossickers searching for gemstones capsule to unlock throughout the State. “The book combines geology and gemmology to provide factual information and each chapter has detailed mineralogical information, as well as their geological Australian history setting and location. “This publication is a much-expanded update of a series of booklets entitled Gemstones An international research team absolutely timely that the Barrow Island in Western Australia, produced by GSWA led by the University of Western Archaeology Project can be realised,” between 1975 and 1994, and includes Australia (UWA) is about to unlock an Professor Veth said. abundant references to earlier work.” unprecedented 45,000-year history The project will examine ‘deep- from the unique archaeological time Mr Moore said while Western Australia time’ maritime societies in northern capsule that is Barrow Island, one of had a growing international reputation as a Australia, modelled to date back to major source for rare fancy pink and other the largest islands lying off Australia’s earlier than 45,000 years ago. coloured diamonds, far less was known north-west coast and home to the about occurrences of gems such as beryl, Gorgon gas project. Important climate and ecological records will be reconstructed from the topaz, tourmaline, gem-quality quartz and Rising sea levels flooded mainland contents of caves. The more recent associated siliceous minerals. access to the island about 7,000 years labour history of Indigenous people and He said the publication also focused on ago, with the island appearing to have pearling will also be profiled. materials peculiar to been uninhabited until American orbicular granite and whalers and pearlers arrived in the “This project has the capacity to mookaite, along with early to mid-1800s. provide entirely new understandings of human behavioural ecology, pearls, fossil wood The biggest Australian Research island biogeography, climate change and precious metals. Council Discovery grant awarded this and historic-era exploitation of year will enable Professor Peter Veth this maritime arid zone, which will of UWA’s Centre for Rock Art Research be unquestionably of national and and Management (CRARM) to lead the international significance and impact,” $1.17 million project over the next Professor Veth said. three years. Professor Veth’s research will be “As the most arid island continent in the conducted alongside an ARC Linkage The publication is available as a free download world to have been colonised by humans Project on the in situ preservation of from www.dmp.wa.gov.au/GSWApublications and now faced with never-before-seen colonial-era wrecks, and the long-term or order a hard copy from www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ states of climate change and threats to work on the rock art and archaeology of ebookshop for $50 (inc GST). cultural and natural heritage, it seems the Western Desert and Pilbara regions. 27 Commenced Operations

AGRICULTURE GOLD Pilbara – FMG Chichester – Iron Ore Mine, Rail and Port Development East Kimberley – Ord – Ord/East Kimberley Boddington – Gold Mine FORTESCUE METALS GROUP LTD Expansion Project NEWMONT BODDINGTON GOLD PTY LTD WA STATE GOVERNMENT Fortescue Metals Group (FMG) operates iron Newmont Boddington Gold (NBG), a major gold ore mines at Cloudbreak and Christmas Creek The State Government has committed $322m to and copper mine in the south east of Western in the Chichester Ranges of the eastern Pilbara, increase the existing amount of irrigated land in Australia, 120km from Perth, commenced serviced by a multi-user railway and port the Kununurra region by releasing approximately operations in 2009 after a $3b expansion of the facilities at Port Hedland with a current capacity 15,000ha of additional Ord farm lands. This original Boddington Gold Mine, a joint venture of 120Mtpa. funding will provide the construction of irrigation which had been in care and maintenance for channels, roads and off-farm infrastructure to several years. NGB is now 100 per cent owned Expenditure: $4b. service the future needs of the region’s growing and operated by United States global miner Employment: Operation: 3200 population and sustain economic growth. Newmont Mining Services. First gold was poured On 20 November 2012 the State Government in September 2009 and 18 months later the Pilbara – Port Hedland – Atlas Iron announced Kimberley Agricultural Investment operation achieved its first one-million-ounce ATLAS IRON LTD (KAI) as the preferred proponent to lease and milestone. An estimated 750,000 ounces of gold Atlas Iron Ltd is an iron ore explorer and miner develop 13,400ha of irrigation land in the Goomig per annum is expected to be produced for the life focused on a developing a number of projects and Knox Plain areas. KAI, a subsidiary of of the mine. The current mine plan has a mine in the Pilbara region of Western Australia with China’s Shanghai Zhongfu Group, proposes to life of approximately 24 years, but proposals exports commencing in December 2008 from invest up to $700m to establish a sugar industry to further extend the operation indicate a mine its Pardoo Project, east of Port Hedland. Atlas’ in the Kununurra region. To achieve a diverse life to 2050 and beyond. Boddington Gold also second mine, Wodgina, commenced operations in agricultural mix for the region and to support produced 69Mlbs of copper in 2011, increased 2010. Production has recently commenced at its local enterprise an additional 1,700ha of newly this to over 70Mlbs in 2012 and expects similar third mine, Mt Dove, located 65km south of Port developed land in the Ord West Bank will be copper production in 2013. Hedland. The company plans to bring five mines available for the development of up to 25 new Employment: Operation: 650 into production in five years, with the addition of farms. The Commonwealth Government has Abydos Mine in June 2013, and the first phase committed $195m of funding for social and of the Mt Webber Mine in December 2013. Atlas INFRASTRUCTURE common use infrastructure in the East Kimberley aims to export between 7.2Mt and 7.7Mt in the region through the East Kimberley Development South West Region – Kemerton 2013 financial year. Atlas plans to progressively Package (EKDP) National Partnership Agreement (HUILS – Heavy Use Industrial Land Strategy) expand its exports, targeting 15Mtpa by 2015 and (NPA). Construction is well underway and some 46Mtpa during the 2017 calendar year. of the infrastructure projects were officially WA STATE GOVERNMENT opened in November 2012 by Federal Minister, Kemerton Industrial Park, located 17km north Expenditure: $500m the Hon Simon Crean MP, and the Hon Brendon of Bunbury, is the main strategic industrial Employment: Operation: 570 Grylls MLA including the Kimberley Training area in the South West region and the nearest Institute Kununurra campus, Wyndham Port regional heavy industrial site to Perth. It is RARE EARTHS Facilities Upgrade, Ochre Health Centre and the designed to supplement the Kwinana Industrial MG Corporation/Gelganyem Trust Shared Office Area, only 90 minutes away by road. The estate Mt Weld – Rare Earths Mine Facility. The Package will be fully implemented comprises 7,543ha of land, including 2,019ha LYNAS CORPORATION LTD by June 2013. The Ord East Kimberley of industrial core, 293ha support industry area Expansion Project is a tremendous example and 5,231ha buffer areas. It is accessible to the The Mt Weld deposit is located about 35km of the Commonwealth and State Government Port of Bunbury by road and a rail link is being The Mt Weld deposit is located about 35km working closely together to deliver economic planned. The estate is serviced by major road south of Laverton and contains an estimated and Indigenous participation opportunities and links to the metropolitan area. Under the Heavy resource of 23.9Mt at an average grade of much-needed infrastructure to a regional Use Industrial Land Strategy, the Government 7.9 per cent for 1.9Mt rare earth oxides (REO). community of Western Australia. is progressing Kemerton towards project ready The development includes an open pit mine and a concentration plant, located 1.5km from the open Expenditure: $517m status by undertaking environmental, heritage and planning approvals for the estate. Work pit mine. The first feed of ore into the 33,000tpa Employment: Construction: 761 towards progressing approvals commenced concentration plant occurred in May 2011 and in 2009 and is anticipated to be completed the plant was officially opened in August 2011. The concentrate is bagged and containerised BAUXITE in 2013/14, by which time the structure plan and zoning adjustments will also have been on site, and trucked to the Port of Fremantle Worsley/Boddington – Alumina Refinery completed. for export. The first feed of concentrate from – E & G Project Expansion – 3.5 to 4.6Mtpa Mt Weld to Lynas’ processing plant in Malaysia BHP BILLITON WORSLEY ALUMINA PTY LTD occurred in late 2012. Ramp up of production IRON ORE at the Malaysian plant is currently underway, BHP Billiton announced in May 2008 the with initial production capacity of 11,000tpa REO Mid West Region – Karara Iron Ore go-ahead for the Efficiency and Growth expected to be reached in the first half of 2013. expansion project at its Worsley alumina KARARA MINING LTD (GINDALBIE METALS LTD/ Phase 2, which involves the expansion of the refinery. The expansion project will lift capacity ANSTEEL JOINT VENTURE) Mt Weld concentration plant to produce around of the refinery from 3.5 to 4.6Mtpa through The Karara Iron Ore Project is Karara Mining’s 66,000tpa of concentrate, is scheduled to be expanded mining operations, additional refining cornerstone production project in the Mid West commissioned in the second quarter of 2013 and capacity and upgraded port facilities. region. Construction commenced in November is scheduled to meet the Malaysian processing First production for the expansion project 2009. Karara is exporting through Geraldton plant’s planned expanded production capacity of at the refinery was achieved in Q1 2012. port, 10Mtpa of iron products, comprising 22,000tpa REO in late 2013. The $3.25b construction project is complete 8Mtpa of high grade magnetite concentrate and the ramp up phase is underway. Expenditure: $135m and blast furnace quality pellets and 2Mtpa of Employment: Construction: 120; Operation: 110 Expenditure: $3.25b Direct Shipping Ore hematite. The Project is Employment: Construction: 1500; Operation: 200 underpinned by a JORC compliant resource base, comprising a 977Mt magnetite reserve, a 2.518Bt magnetite resource, a 10.9Mt hematite reserve and a 16.2Mt hematite resource. Expenditure: $1.975b Employment: Construction: 1500; Operation: 500

28 This section is intended as an overview and does not constitute an exhaustive list of projects within the Western Australian resources industry. Committed Projects

AMMONIUM NITRATE HEAVY MINERAL SANDS IRON ORE Kwinana – Ammonium Nitrate Keysbrook – Heavy Mineral Sands Mine Pilbara – BHPB – Inner Harbour Expansion Facility Expansion MZI RESOURCES LTD – Port Hedland CSBP LIMITED MZI is proceeding to develop a mineral sands BHP BILLITON IRON ORE PTY LTD In December 2011, the Wesfarmers Board gave mine located near the township of Keysbrook, In March 2011, BHP Billiton announced approval final approval to proceed with the expansion of approximately 70km south of Perth. The project of US$7.4b (BHP Billiton’s share US$6.6b) CSBP’s ammonium nitrate production facility at has received environmental approval from the of capital investment to continue production Kwinana from its current capacity of 520,000tpa Minister for Environment, as well as development growth in the company’s Western Australian to 780,000tpa. CSBP received environmental approvals and extractive industry licences from iron ore operations. It will deliver an integrated approval for the expansion in October 2011. the Shires of Murray and Serpentine-Jarrahdale. operation with capacity in excess of 220Mtpa. The expansion involves the construction of an The Feasibility Study was completed in October The investment includes US$1.9b (BHP Billiton’s additional nitric acid plant and ammonium nitrate 2012 which indicated a mine life of 7.2 years with share) to increase total inner harbour installed plant, together with an upgrade of the existing potential to extend for up to 11 years. Keysbrook capacity to 220Mtpa. First production was prilling plant and other infrastructure work. has a mineral resource of 49.1Mt at 2.6 per cent achieved in Q4 2012. The overall project is 80 Onsite construction is underway, with current heavy minerals and an ore reserve of 670,000t per cent complete. Further debottlenecking project timelines indicating that the expansion of total heavy minerals, which underpins the opportunities are being evaluated. will be completed in the first half of 2014. first five and a half years of operations. The ore Expenditure: $2b Expenditure: $550m. will be processed at Doral’s mineral separation plant in Picton, near Bunbury, under toll Pilbara – BHPB – Port Blending and Employment: Construction: 300; Operation: 10 treating arrangements. MZI plans to start site Rail Yard Facilities construction in March 2013, with first production Pilbara – Burrup Industrial Estate Site D BHP BILLITON IRON ORE PTY LTD expected in Q4 2013. The project is expected to – Yara Pilbara Nitrates In March 2011, BHP Billiton announced approval produce 62,200tpa of leucoxene products and of US$7.4b (BHP Billiton’s share US$6.6b) YARRA INTERNATIONAL ASA 28,700tpa of zircon concentrate. of capital investment to continue production Yara, Orica and Apache have formed a joint Expenditure: $64m. growth in the company’s Western Australian venture — Burrup Nitrates Pty Ltd (BNPL). Employment: Construction: 35; Operation: 30 iron ore operations. It will deliver an integrated BNPL has executed an Engineering, operation with capacity in excess of 220Mtpa. Procurement and Construction (EPC) contract The investment includes US$1.4b (BHP Billiton’s for the construction of a circa 350,000tpa INFRASTRUCTURE share) to optimise resource and enhance Technical Ammonium Nitrate (TAN) plant efficiency across the BHP Billiton WA iron ore to be located on the Burrup Peninsula. Pilbara – Ashburton North Strategic operation supply chain. The project is currently Ammonia feedstock will be supplied from Industrial Area on schedule (overall project is 55 per cent Yara Pilbara Fertilisers Pty Ltd (YPFPL), WA STATE GOVERNMENT complete) and on budget. which operates its facility directly adjacent to The State Government is developing the Expenditure: $1.5b the proposed location for the new TAN plant. Ashburton North Strategic Industrial Area Yara Pilbara will be the operator of the (ANSIA) as a hydrocarbon precinct in the Shire of Pilbara – Hope Downs 4 Iron Ore Mine TAN plant and Orica will manage the product Ashburton, 11km south west of Onslow, to enable sales and distribution. Yara and Orica each the development of natural gas projects and RIO TINTO IRON ORE have a 45 per cent interest in the joint venture associated industries to exploit the gas reserves Rio Tinto and Hope Downs Iron Ore Pty Ltd, as and Apache the remaining 10 per cent. in the Carnarvon Basin and Exmouth Gulf. equal Joint Venture participants, are currently It is expected that all manufactured product In addition to the industrial area with proponent developing the Hope Downs 4 iron ore mine at will be sold into the Pilbara region. Work on the sites and general areas, the ANSIA includes a an estimated capital cost of $1.15b. The new project has commenced and it is expected that port with common-user facilities to be managed open-cut mine will have a production rate of the new plant will be commissioned during the by the Dampier Port Authority, and common user 15Mtpa of high quality iron ore. The development first quarter of 2015. access and infrastructure corridors. The ANSIA of Hope Downs 4 also involves the construction Expenditure: $600m estate is intended to cater for the development of a 53km railway line to connect to the existing Employment: Construction: 600; Operation: 65 of hydrocarbon processing, storage and Hope Downs 1 rail spur and the construction exportation, with the overall vision of creating of a 220kV electricity transmission line to an industrial estate that successfully and safely connect to the existing Rio Tinto power network. GOLD manages the varied land uses in the area. The $406m railway and power project is Three foundation proponents, BHP Billiton, funded, constructed and operated by Rio Tinto. Kalgoorlie – Tropicana Gold Chevron, and ExxonMobil have been allocated Construction is underway, with first production ANGLOGOLD ASHANTI/INDEPENDENCE GROUP land within the ANSIA. Chevron made a final expected in Q2 2013. JOINT VENTURE investment decision on the Wheatstone project Expenditure: $1.556b AngloGold Ashanti, as Joint Venture Manager, in September of 2011 and early construction Employment: Construction: 2100; Operation: 720 has continued to progress development of the works commenced in late 2011. First LNG Tropicana Joint Venture gold mining project exports are scheduled for 2016. In Q3 2011, BHP Pilbara – Jimblebar Iron Ore Mine Expansion proposal 330km north east of Kalgoorlie. Billiton commenced construction of the Macedon Following State and Commonwealth domestic gas project, with gas production to BHP BILLITON IRON ORE PTY LTD Environmental approvals in the second half of commence in early 2013. ExxonMobil are still In March 2011, BHP Billiton announced 2010, key State and local government approvals evaluating several development options for approval of US$7.4b (BHP Billiton’s share required for construction of a 225km road, the production and export of LNG from the US$6.6b) of capital investment to continue bore field, pipelines, airstrip, accommodation Scarborough project. production growth in the company’s Western village, power station and mine plant are either Australian iron ore operations. It will deliver an in place or in the final stages. Road construction integrated operation with capacity in excess of is complete and a sealed 2.1km airstrip is 220Mtpa. The investment includes US$3.3b operational. Plant construction has commenced (BHP Billiton’s share) to increase installed and the project is on track for first gold mining and processing capacity at Jimblebar production in Q4 2013. mine to 35Mtpa with incremental debottlenecking Expenditure: $700m opportunities to 55Mtpa. The project is currently on schedule (overall project is 66 per cent Employment: Construction: 700; Operation: 400 complete) and on budget. Expenditure: $3.5b

All conversions from foreign currencies were calculated at the latest available rate. 29 Committed Projects Projects Under Consideration

Pilbara – Solomon – Chichester expansion Carnarvon Offshore Basin – North Rankin HEAVY MINERAL SANDS and Solomon Mine Project – North Rankin Redevelopment Happy Valley – Heavy Mineral Sands Mine FORTESCUE METALS GROUP LTD WOODSIDE ENERGY CRISTAL MINING AUSTRALIA LIMITED Fortescue has recently completed the expansion In March 2008 the North West Shelf Project of its existing mines at Cloudbreak and Christmas participants approved funding of the $5b North Located adjacent to Cristal’s Gwindinup deposits Creek to 95Mtpa (including 5Mtpa from BC Iron). Rankin Redevelopment which will recover remaining south of Bunbury, the company proposes to The existing rail and port facilities have been low pressure gas from the North Rankin and Perseus mine the Happy Valley North and South mineral expanded by the duplication of 120km of railway gas fields, and extend the field life to around 2040. sands deposits situated on private land and in south of Port Hedland, installation of two new The project involves the installation of a new second State Forest. The two deposits contain more train unloaders, construction of two additional platform – North Rankin B – with gas compression than 750,000t of recoverable heavy mineral berths and associated infrastructure resulting in facilities, low pressure separators, utilities and concentrate, with average production expected a rail and port capacity of 120Mtpa. Construction accommodation. North Rankin B will be connected by to be around 150,000tpa over a combined mine of infrastructure in support of the Solomon Hub, two 100 metre bridges to the existing North Rankin life of eight years. The concentrate will then be which includes the new 20Mtpa Firetail iron ore A platform and on completion both platforms will be trucked to Cristal’s Bunbury Mineral Separation mine at Solomon and the 127km railway spur operated as a single integrated facility known as the Plant for final processing. The company is to Fortescue’s existing Christmas Creek to Port North Rankin hub. The North Rankin Redevelopment awaiting the outcome of its environmental Hedland rail line, has been recently completed. project also includes the necessary connections to approvals process. The Solomon Hub is planned to involve at least North Rankin A and some refurbishment of the North Expenditure: $35m two mining areas and two processing plants. Rankin A platform. North Rankin B is scheduled for Employment: Construction: 100; Operation: 30 First production from the Firetail deposit at start-up in 2013 and will support the North West Solomon was achieved in November 2012. Shelf Project’s onshore gas requirements to supply Shark Bay – Coburn Zircon Project FMG recently announced that it is resuming future customer commitments. GUNSON RESOURCES LIMITED construction of its 40Mtpa Kings mine at Solomon Expenditure: $5b with first production expected late 2013. Gunson proposes to develop the Coburn zircon project, located south of Shark Bay Pilbara – Macedon Domestic Gas Project Expenditure: $9b and approximately 250km north of Geraldton. Employment: Construction: 7000; Operation: 6000 BHP BILLITON PETROLEUM It contains total ore reserves of 308Mt at an (AUSTRALIA) PTY LIMITED average grade of 1.2 per cent heavy minerals, The Macedon gas field, about 100km west of Onslow, all of which lie within the portion of the IRON ORE PROCESSING was discovered in 1992 during drilling of the West project area that has received government Pilbara – Cape Preston – Sino Iron Muiron-3 well and is estimated to contain a gas environmental approvals for mining. The project CITIC PACIFIC resource of up to 600bcf. BHP Billiton Petroleum is expected to produce 41,000tpa of zircon, (Australia) Pty Ltd and Apache Energy Limited are 89,000tpa of chloride ilmenite and 19,000tpa of CITIC Pacific Mining is constructing the Sino currently constructing a domestic gas plant for a mixed rutile-leucoxene HiTi90 product. At the Iron project at Cape Preston, 100km south west Western Australia at the Ashburton North Strategic proposed mining rate of 17.5Mtpa, the mine life of Karratha. The magnetite iron ore project Industrial Area near Onslow. The development is estimated to be 17.5 years. In August 2012, the will include a concentrator, 6Mtpa pellet plant, involves a number of sub-sea gas wells connected Board of Korean company POSCO conditionally 25km slurry pipeline, combined cycle 450MW to the gas field, offshore and onshore wet gas approved an investment in the Coburn project. power station, new port and trans-shipment pipelines, an onshore gas processing plant 11km POSCO, along with a Korean resources facilities, and a 51GL desalination plant. At full southwest of Onslow and a sales gas pipeline investment fund will form a special purpose production up to 27.6Mt of magnetite concentrate connected to the Dampier-to-Bunbury Natural Gas investment vehicle, the POSCO SPV, to take a and high grade pellets will be exported each Pipeline. Daily production is expected to be in the minority 40 per cent interest in the project. A joint year. Ore production from the first and second, order of 200TJ/d. Plant construction started in Q3 venture agreement is expected to be completed of a planned six production lines, is expected to 2011, with gas production to commence in Q2 2013. in February 2013. Subject to receiving financing commence in 2013. Expenditure: $1.5b in early 2013, first production is forecast to Expenditure: $5.2b commence in Q3 2014. Employment: Construction: 700; Operation: 14 Employment: Construction: 4000; Operation: 500 Expenditure: $192m Pilbara – Wheatstone LNG Development Employment: Construction: 170; Operation: 110 OIL & GAS DEVELOPMENTS CHEVRON AUSTRALIA PTY LTD Chevron has received necessary approvals and Carnarvon Offshore Basin – Barrow Island INFRASTRUCTURE commenced early construction works for a 25Mtpa – Gorgon Project LNG project based on its Wheatstone and Iago Dampier Peninsula – Browse LNG Precinct GORGON JOINT VENTURE gas fields, to be located at Ashburton North, near WA STATE GOVERNMENT The Gorgon Joint Venture (GJV) made its final Onslow. The project will also process gas from The State Government is developing the investment decision on the Gorgon Project in mid third party fields in the Carnarvon Basin. Chevron Browse Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Precinct September 2009. The GJV’s foundation project entered FEED (Front End Engineering Design) in approximately 60km north of Broome. on Barrow Island includes a three train LNG July 2009 and took the Final Investment Decision By focussing development at a suitable location development capable of exporting 15.6Mtpa and in September 2011. Gas to market is scheduled for the Precinct will minimise the environmental a domestic gas project capable of delivering 2016. The project will initially have two LNG trains footprint of gas processing and any social at least 300TJ/d of gas to the mainland. Cost with an 8.9Mtpa capacity, expandable to five or six, impacts in the region while maximising estimates for the foundation were increased and a 250Mcf per day domestic gas plant. opportunities for the local community to benefit from $43b to $52b following a cost and schedule Expenditure: $29b. from development of the Browse Basin gas review conducted by Chevron in December Employment: Construction: 5500; Operation: 400 fields. The Precinct will have the capacity to 2012. The development on Barrow Island accommodate at least two LNG processing includes potentially the largest commercial operations, with a combined capacity of up geosequestration project in the world. SILICON METAL to 50Mtpa. Woodside Energy Limited, as the The project obtained State and Commonwealth operator of the Browse Joint Venture, has environmental approval in August 2009. Kemerton – Silicon Metal Plant Expansion committed to the Precinct as a potential The project is based on gas from both the SIMCOA OPERATIONS PTY LTD foundation proponent. Browse Joint Venture offshore Gorgon and Jansz/Io gas fields. Simcoa announced in October 2009 its decision to participants are expected to make a final On-island activity commenced in late 2009 and expand the company’s 32,000tpa capacity silicon investment decision by mid-2013. the major construction work for the processing metal plant at Kemerton. The first stage expansion, Expenditure: $30b plant commenced in 2011. involving installation of a third furnace, increased Employment: Construction: 6000; Operation: 400 Expenditure: $52b the plant capacity to 48,000tpa and came online in Q3 Employment: Construction: 5554; Operation: 300 2012. Providing world demand for silicon continues to increase strongly, a second stage expansion, involving installation of a fourth furnace is under consideration and could take place by 2014 and increase plant capacity to 64,000tpa. Expenditure: $100m Employment: Construction: 120; Operation: 40

30 This section is intended as an overview and does not constitute an exhaustive list of projects within the Western Australian resources industry. Projects Under Consideration

Oakajee – Oakajee Midwest Development Mid West Region – Jack Hills Expansion Pilbara – West Pilbara Iron Ore Project WA STATE GOVERNMENT CROSSLANDS RESOURCES API MANAGEMENT PTY LTD The Oakajee Port proposal includes common The Jack Hills Expansion Project will involve The Australian Premium Iron Joint Venture is user infrastructure (channel, breakwater, turning the development of a 20Mtpa magnetite mine. proposing to develop the West Pilbara Iron Ore basin, navigational aids, provision for tug and The magnetite concentrate is proposed to be Project. Stage 1 of the project is based on the pilot boat pens, port administration offices and transported by a new railway to a new deepwater production of 30Mtpa of direct shipping iron roads and utilities) funded by the State and port at Oakajee. ore from its Red Hill and Mt Stuart mine sites Commonwealth Governments and private use Expenditure: $2b located 35-80km south west of Pannawonica. infrastructure (at least one Cape Class iron ore The ore will be transported by a new heavy- berth, as well as associated materials handling Employment: Construction: 450; Operation: 350 haul railway for export via the proposed equipment and rail infrastructure) developed by multi-user 350Mtpa port at Anketell. Subject Mid West Region – Weld Range Iron Ore Mine Oakajee Port and Rail Pty Ltd. The Port proposal to the successful completion of feasibility also includes provision for a non iron ore berth in SINOSTEEL MIDWEST CORPORATION LIMITED and environmental studies, and receipt of the future to provide import/export capability for Sinosteel Midwest Corporation proposes to government regulatory approvals, the company value-adding industries in the Oakajee Industrial develop a 15Mtpa iron ore mine at Weld Range anticipates that the first shipment of ore will Estate. A northern railway is planned to link the 65km southwest of Meekatharra, producing a occur in 2015. Environmental approval for port to mines to the north-east of Geraldton and mix of hematite lump and fines. The project is the mine and rail elements of the project was a southern railway will link to the mines in the expected to utilise a proposed new rail line and received in December 2011. south-east. The northern rail line is proposed to deepwater port facility at Oakajee. The company Expenditure: $6b be operated by Oakajee Port and Rail though an finalised a bankable feasibility study in July 2010. Employment: Construction: 3500; Operation: 1000 open access regime. Expenditure: $1b Expenditure: $4b Employment: Construction: 1000; Operation: 500 Yilgarn – Deception Iron Ore Deposit Employment: Construction: 2000; Operation: 300 CLIFFS ASIA PACIFIC IRON ORE PTY LTD Pilbara – Cape Lambert Iron Ore Project Cliffs proposes to expand its Koolyanobbing Pilbara – Anketell – Anketell Port and SIA MCC AUSTRALIA SANJIN MINING PTY LTD Operation to include an additional iron ore (Strategic Industrial Area) MCC Australia Sanjin Mining Pty Ltd is developing mining area at the Deception Deposit, located WA STATE GOVERNMENT a 15Mtpa magnetite iron ore mine in the Pilbara approximately 150km north of Southern Cross. The Anketell project involves the establishment and aims to ship its first ore in 2016 via the The Deception Deposit contains an estimated of a multi-user, multi-commodity deep water proposed multi-user 350Mtpa plus port at 7.1Mt of iron ore and is expected to have a port and associated strategic industrial area Anketell. The Project comprises a proven JORC mine life of around five years. The Deception (SIA) at Anketell, located 30km east of Karratha compliant 1.9Bt iron ore resource, a beneficiation Deposit received environmental approval in on the Pilbara coast. The port and associated plant, power plant, desalination plant, port June 2012 and first production is expected in infrastructure will be a proponent-funded but facilities for exporting concentrate and other first half of 2015. State owned Port which will be managed and related infrastructure. MCC has completed Expenditure: $35m operated under the Port Authorities Act 1999. feasibility studies for the port, power supply, The strategic industrial land will fall under the water supply, accommodation and general site jurisdiction of the Western Australian Land infrastructure. The mine and processing studies NICKEL Authority (LandCorp). During its initial phase, are progressing. The company commenced Mt Windarra – Windarra Nickel it is expected that Anketell will be an iron ore native title negotiations with the Ngarluma export facility and that, at its peak capacity, at Aboriginal Corporation in March 2010 and an POSEIDON NICKEL NL least 350Mtpa will be exported to customers in agreement was reached in June 2011. The Poseidon Nickel Ltd has submitted a project Asia. A number of iron ore producers with mining environmental scoping document was approved development proposal for the redevelopment assets in the Pilbara have expressed interest by the EPA in August 2011. of the Mt Windarra underground nickel in using the planned facilities at Anketell. It is Expenditure: $3.7b mine, the development of the new Cerberus likely that the Port will be developed in stages underground nickel mine, the construction to accord with the development of the various Employment: Construction: 3000; Operation: 1000 and commissioning of a nickel sulphide mining operations which are spread throughout concentrator, a gold tailings re-treatment plant the Pilbara. Pilbara – Roy Hill Iron Ore Mine & and associated project infrastructure at Mt Infrastructure Windarra, the historic site of previous mining ROY HILL HOLDINGS PTY LTD IRON ORE and processing operations. Subject to obtaining Roy Hill Holdings is a private company which is all relevant approvals and project funding, Great Southern Region majority-owned by Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd, Poseidon is forecast to commence construction – Southdown Magnetite Mine and has key international investment partners in 2013. GRANGE RESOURCES LTD/SRT AUSTRALIA with strategic steel-making interests. They are Expenditure: $250m JOINT VENTURE developing the Roy Hill iron ore project located Employment: Construction: 80; Operation: 180 The Southdown Magnetite deposit is situated 115km north of Newman. This project is expected 90km north east of Albany, near Wellstead. to come into production in 2015 and will produce Southdown is an advanced development project. 55Mtpa of iron ore for 20 years following ramp- OIL & GAS DEVELOPMENTS Work completed includes engineering feasibility up. The project includes mine development, mine Carnarvon Basin – Pluto Project Expansion studies, an extensive drilling program, land processing infrastructure, a new heavy-haul acquisition and most major approvals. Results of railway, and significant new port facilities at Port WOODSIDE ENERGY the Definitive Feasibility Study were announced in Hedland’s inner harbour. Environmental approval The Pluto LNG Park provides the opportunity Q2 2012. Grange Resources (70 per cent) recently for Roy Hill mine Stage 1 was received in to consider both equity gas development and announced a significant reduction in 2013 project December 2009 and environmental approval for third party gas supply at the site. Discussions expenditure as it continues to seek a new equity Stage 2 was received in March 2010. In July 2011, continue with third parties regarding the investor for the project. Roy Hill Infrastructure was granted a Special potential to process gas through additional Railway Licence to develop a 344km railway from Expenditure: $2.88b trains at the Pluto LNG Park. its mine in the eastern Pilbara to Port Hedland. Employment: Construction: 2000; Operation: 600 All key approvals have been secured and major project works commenced in late 2012. Dredging Mid West Region of the new berth areas at South West Creek – Extension Hill Magnetite Mine was finished ahead of schedule, the airstrip ASIA IRON and internal mine roads are underway, and Asia Iron has primary environmental approval development is proceeding for the construction to produce up to 10Mtpa of magnetite of mine, rail and port accommodation villages. concentrate, which will be transported by slurry Expenditure: $9.5b pipeline to the port of Geraldton for export. Employment: Construction: 3600; Operation: 2000 The company is currently seeking secondary approvals and undertaking an implementation study for the project. Expenditure: $2b Employment: Construction: 1000; Operation: 350

This section is intended as an overview and does not constitute an exhaustive list of projects within the Western Australian resources industry. 31 Visit us online Significant resource projects in Western Australia

Prospect can be downloaded free of Western Australia continues to lead the way as Australia’s premier resources charge from the Internet by visiting the investment destination. There are more than A$175 billion worth of projects either website of the Department of Mines and committed or under consideration for the State during the next few years. These will Petroleum at: www.dmp.wa.gov.au create more than 50,000 construction jobs and more than 15,000 permanent jobs.

All currency figures are in Australian dollars.

Project Value Employment (estimated A$m) Construction Permanent Prospect Alumina

Subscription/Change of address BHP Billiton Worsley Alumina – Refinery Expansion 3250 1500 200 ABN: 69 410 35 356 Sub Total 3250 1500 200

Iron and Steel

API Management Pty Ltd – West Pilbara Iron Ore Project 6000 3500 1000

Name: Asia Iron – Extension Hill Magnetite Mine 2000 1000 350

BHP Billiton Iron Ore – Inner Harbour Expansion 2000 n/a n/a z BHP Billiton Iron Ore – Jimblebar Mine Expansion 3500 n/a n/a BHP Billiton Iron Ore – Port Blending and 1500 n/a n/a Rail Yard Facilities Position: CITIC Pacific – Cape Preston Mine & Processing Projects 5200 4000 500

Crosslands Resources – Jack Hills Stage 2 Hematite Mine 2000 450 350

Fortescue Metals Group – Chichester expansion Organisation: 9000 7000 6000 and Solomon Mine Project

Fortescue Metals Group – Mine, Rail and Port Project 4000 n/a 3200

Address: Grange Resources Ltd/SRT Australia Joint Venture 2880 2000 600 – Southdown Magnetite Mine Karara Mining Ltd – Karara Iron Ore Project 1975 1500 500 z MCC – Cape Lambert Iron Ore Project 3700 3000 1000

Rio Tinto Iron Ore – Hope Downs 4 Iron Ore Mine 1556 2100 720

Type of business: Roy Hill Holdings Pty Ltd – Iron Ore Mine – Roy Hill 9500 3600 2000 Sinosteel Midwest Corporation 1000 1000 500 – Weld Range Hematite Mine Phone number: Sub Total 55811 29150 16720

Oil, Gas and Condensate

Email BHP Billiton – Macedon 1500 700 14 Browse LNG Precinct 30000 6000 400 Please tick the appropriate box Please add me to your mailing list to receive my one Chevron – Wheatstone LNG 29000 5500 400 year subscription of the Prospect magazine. Gorgon Joint Venture Gas Processing Project 52000 5554 300 one year @ $12 (incl. GST) My cheque, made out to the Department of Mines and North Rankin Redevelopment 5000 n/a n/a Petroleum, is enclosed OR please debit the amount to Sub Total 117500 17754 1114 my credit card using the following details: Type of card: Visa Bankcard Mastercard Other AngloGold Ashanti/Independence Group 700 700 400 – Tropicana Gold Project Expiry date Ashburton North Strategic Industrial Area n/a n/a n/a This form will become a tax invoice for GST purposes when payment is made. BGM – Boddington Gold Mine n/a n/a 650 Change of address (please make changes required on one of your old labels). CSBP – Kwinana Ammonium Nitrate Facility Expansion 550 300 10 Please photocopy or cut coupon and mail to: Oakajee Port, Rail and Industrial Estate 4000 2000 300 Prospect subscriptions Information Centre Ord East Kimberley Expansion Project 517 761 n/a Department of Mines and Petroleum Perdaman Chemicals & Fertilisers – Coal-to-Urea Plant 3500 2000 200 Mineral House, 100 Plain Street East Perth, Western Australia 6004 Yara Pilbara Nitrates 600 600 65

Sub Total 9867 6361 1625

TOTAL 186428 54765 19659 MINERAL SYMBOLS PETROLEUM SYMBOLS COMMODITIES INSET C Precious metal Gas field Au...... Gold 0 5 km Au (or as shown) Major Resource Projects — March 2013 Wonnich Oil field Cr...... Chromium Steel alloy metal Cu...... Copper Wonnich Deep Bambra Ulidia Oil and gas field Ni (or as shown) Significant gas discovery Fe...... Iron Northwest Shelf / Pilbara Region Mutineer Fletcher Speciality metal Processing plant LNG...... Liquefied natural gas Exeter Finucane Lee Ti–Zr (or as shown) Mo...... Molybdenum Bambra East Oil / gas pipeline, operating Rose Base metal Ni...... Nickel INSET B Harriet Oil / gas pipeline, proposed Persephone Eaglehawk Hermes Lambert Deep North Alkimos Monty Iron Pb...... Lead Athena Egret Lambert Gudrun Josephine Pd...... Palladium Noblige Searipple Uranium INFRASTRUCTURE Larsen Deep Montague Angel Agincourt Baker Pt...... Platinum Capella Industrial mineral Larsen Cossack Zephyrus Simpson Power plant Ta...... Tantalum Forestier North Rankin Ajax Processing plant Ti...... Titanium Perseus Wanaea South Plato Chandon Gaea Hurricane Legendre North Irrigation / water / desalination V...... Vanadium |n Echo/Yodel Goodwyn Legendre South Pedirka Port Zn...... Zinc Goodwyn South/Pueblo Little Sandy Keast Double Island Zr...... Zirconium Yellowglen Rankin/Sculptor Tidepole Victoria Dockrell Urania Gorgon LNG West Cycad Wheatstone Dixon/West Dixon Jansz Io Pemberton Sage Geryon/Callirhoe Pluto Saffron Barrow Island Eris Iago/North Tryal Rocks Barrow I Narvik Io South Reindeer Xena Wilcox Caribou Gnu Brunello Balnaves Corvus Orthrus Chrysaor/Dionysus Bravo Briseis Maenad Julimar Wandoo Pardoo Port Hedland Salt Ridley Tusk Port Hedland Achilles Acme West Tryal Rocks Clio Oryx Stag Equus Clio South Pontus Chamois Poondano Clio North Gorgon John Brookes SEE INSET C Yarrie Satyr Rosella Mentorc Pilbara Fertilisers / Yara Maitland NWSV LNG Cape Lambert Chester Pluto LNG Anketell Spar Halyard Dampier Pilbara Nnitrates / Yara Sappho Cape Lambert Dampier Salt Salt Creek Zn Cu Pb Balla Balla Fe V Ti Sherlock Bay Whim Creek Cu Zn Pb Spinifex Ridge Barrow I Cape Preston Sino Pellet Spinifex Ridge Mo Cu Devil Creek Gas Mt Dove Woollybutt Maitland River Tallaganda Radio Hill Pasco Pilgangoora/Altura Li Whundo Zn Cu Flinders Shoal Sino/Citic Munni Munni Pt Pd Abydos Sulphur Springs Zn Cu Pb Balmoral South Wodgina Wodgina Ta North Star Glacier Valley

Nasutus Mardie South Chervil Cyrano Coniston Nimrod Novara Australind Cadell Eskdale Van Gogh Saladin Mt Webber McPhee Creek Vincent Crest Enfield Ravensworth Corowa Stybarrow Stickle Outtrim Cowle Pyrenees Laverda Scafell Roller Skate Crosby Macedon Middle Robe Mesas Blencathra Coaster Onslow Mesa A Black Pearl Onslow Salt Leatherback Ashburton North Mesa J Wheatstone LNG Macedon Gas Nullagine/Millennium Bungaroo Creek Nullagine CID Bungaroo South Exmouth Investigator Cape Range Lst Rivoli Pilbara/Flinders Firetail–Kings Murrays Hill Solomon–Serenity West Pilbara

Silvergrass Cloud Break Christmas Creek Nammuldi Brockman 2 Roy Hill Manyingee Mt Stuart Rough Range Koodaideri Marillana/Brockman Brockman 4 Paulsens Marandoo Marillana Western Turner Syncline Yandi/BHPB Nyidinghu Project labels: Beasley River Western 4 Iron Valley Tom Price Phils Creek PROJECTS OPERATING OR CURRENTLY UNDER DEVELOPMENT WITH AN ACTUAL Yandicoogina/HI Mindy Mindy OR ANTICIPATED VALUE OF PRODUCTION GREATER THAN $A10 MILLION ARE SHOWN IN BLUE Railway Mining Area C PROPOSED OR POTENTIAL PROJECTS WITH A CAPITAL EXPENDITURE GREATER THAN Hope Downs 1 Rocklea–Hardey $A20 MILLION ARE SHOWN IN RED Southern Flank Jinidi PROJECTS UNDER CARE AND MAINTENANCE ARE SHOWN IN PURPLE Rhodes Ridge Wonmunna HD4 Turee Syncline West Angelas Paraburdoo Eastern Range Giles Mini 24–25 Channar Mt Whaleback 18 35 Jimblebar 0 25 50 75 100 Davidson Creek Coobina Cr Kilometres

Nyang Major Resource Projects — March 2013

Mt Magnet Project labels: Laminaria Corallina Laminaria East INSET A Balline Grt Bluff Tallering Peak PROJECTS OPERATING OR CURRENTLY UNDER DEVELOPMENT WITH AN ACTUAL Buller 0 50 km Port Gregory Grt Yogi Bilberatha Hill Golden Grove OR ANTICIPATED VALUE OF PRODUCTION GREATER THAN $A10 MILLION ARE SHOWN IN BLUE Alinta Wind Farm Deflector–Gullewa Cu Zn Pb Oakajee Kirkalocka PROPOSED OR POTENTIAL PROJECTS WITH A CAPITAL EXPENDITURE GREATER THAN Geraldton Eradu Pig Iron Minjar – $A20 MILLION ARE SHOWN IN RED Narngulu synthetic rutile Mount Horner Mt Mulgine Corybas Koolanooka/Midwest PROJECTS UNDER CARE AND MAINTENANCE ARE SHOWN IN PURPLE Geraldton brick Dongara Irwin River Eremia Mungada Hovea Centauri 1 Xyris Apium Karara Magnetite Range Xyris South Dongara Koolanooka South Jingemia Tarantula Three Springs Tlc Extension Hill Cliff Head Beharra Springs Evandra Beharra Springs North Mt Gibson Prometheus/Rubicon Petrel Redback Eneabba Redback South Central West Mimia Frigate Tern Woodada Concerto/Ichthys Echuca Shoals Warro Crown Badgingarra Wind Farm Kronos Cornea Cooljarloo/Image Ichthys West Moora Chert Emu Downs Wind Farm Torosa Ichthys Prelude Cape Bougainville Blacktip Cooljarloo/Tronox Burnside Cataby Kwinana–Rockingham Brecknock Alumina refinery Yerecoin Brecknock South Calliance Gwydion Mitchell Plateau Turtle Ammonium nitrate Red Gully Gingin West Oil refinery Wandoo Cement and lime Neerabup/NewGen Wesbeam timber Chandala synthetic rutile Chlor alkali Darling Range North Ord Stage 2 Desalination Malaga brick Caversham tile Middle Swan brick Wyndham Fused alumina Midland brick PERTH Ord Stage 1 Fused zirconia Airport brick Cockatoo Island LNG Fremantle Armadale brick Sorby Hills Pb Zn Cu G Irvine Island Koolan Island LPG Bulk terminal Cardup brick Ord River Hydro Energy Nickel refinery Pinjarra Al Keysbrook Wagerup Al Huntly Willowdale Sparks Kln Speewah V Ti Fe Speewah Fl Power station Southern Seawater Sodium cyanide Boddington Au Cu Oobagooma Ridges desalination Marradong Titanium pigment Chlor alkali Point Torment Argyle Zirconia Silicon smelter Kemerton Sisd Saddleback Point Torment Smoke Creek / Venus Titanium pigment Worsley Al Bluewaters 1-2 Dampier Derby Lloyd Australind titanium pigment Collie Browse LNG Precinct Boundary West Terrace Savannah Bunbury Muja Ewington Ellendale Wespine timber Premier Sundown Dardanup Blina Copernicus Wesfi timber Gwindinup Collie–Shotts urea Panton Pt Pd Cape Synthetic Rutile Chicken Creek Broome Ungani Wonnerup South Happy Valley Valhalla Tutunup Muja South Yoongarillup Duchess–Paradise Koongie Park Zn Cu Pb Hastings REE Nb Zr Whicher Range Tutunup South Greenbushes Li Ta Manjimup Timber Lamboo Jangardup South Pictor East Kapok West – Lennard Shelf Pb Zn Ag Browns Range REE SEE INSET B Admiral Bay Zn Pb (inside cover)

Kentish Knock Brederode Coyote Alaric Arnhem Scarborough Pinhoe

MINERAL SYMBOLS Precious mineral Dmd Cookes Creek W Precious metal Telfer Au Cu Au (or as shown) Nifty Cu Woodie Woodie Mn O'Callaghans W Cu Steel alloy metal Mesa – Ant Hill Mn Maroochydore Cu Co Ni (or as shown) Yeneena Cu Lake Auld K Speciality metal Kintyre Ti–Zr (or as shown) Lake Mackay K Nicholas Downs Mn Base metal Iron Alumina Davidson Creek Lake Disappointment K Bx (or as shown) Robertson Range Coal and lignite Prairie Downs Zn Pb Ag Uranium Industrial mineral Processing plant Cape Cuvier Lake MacLeod Gp Ilgarari Cu Butcherbird Mn Lake MacLeod Salt Abra Pb Cu Zn PETROLEUM SYMBOLS Gas field Beyondie Oil field Plutonuc Dome Grosvenor Plutonic Oil and gas field Glenburgh Telecom Hill Thaduna Cu Ag Significant gas discovery DeGrussa–Doolgunna Cu Au Significant oil discovery Significant oil and gas discovery Jack Hills Wiluna Andy Well West Musgrave Wingellina Processing plant Jundee–Nimary Shark Bay Salt Murchison Paroo Station Pb Matilda Oil / gas pipeline, operating Radio–astronomy Meekatharra Gabanintha V Ti Fe Murchison/Kentor Hinkler Well Oil / gas pipeline, proposed Observatory Wiluna West Lake Way Coburn Weld Range Hillview Honeymoon Well Yeelirrie INFRASTRUCTURE Hollandaire–Eelya Cu Au Ag Nowthanna Mt Keith Gidgee Lake Maitland Power plant Big Bell Cliffs Yakabindie Bronzewing Radio astronomy Great Fingall Barrambie V Ti Fe Cosmos Moolart Well Murchison / Silver Lake Leinster Lawlers MgCO3 Irrigation / water / desalination Lawlers Garden Well, Rosemont Darlot Thatcher Soak Port Agnew–Emu Waterloo Murrin Murrin SEE Victory Bore V Fe Marshall Pool Windarra Yamarna COMMODITIES INSET A Sinclair Bentley Granny Smith – Wallaby Windimurra V Fe Jaguar Zn Cu Pb Zn Pb Cu Ag...... Silver Mt Forrest King of Brightstar Alpha Al...... Alumina Cashmere Downs the Hills Laverton/Focus Mt Weld Phos Au...... Gold Laverton/Navigator Cyclone Mt Bevan Murrin MgCO3 Mikado Bx...... Bauxite Sons of Mt Weld REE Mt Mason Gwalia Murrin Tropicana Co...... Cobalt Mt Ida / GME Fortitude Cu...... Copper Red October Die Hardy Lake Giles Highway Sunrise Dam Second Fortune Dmd...... Diamond Deception Goongarrie Scotia Jump Up Dam Fe...... Iron Aphrodite Windarling Canegrass Kalgoorlie North Mulga Rock Fl...... Fluorite Range Carnegie Siberia Frogs Leg South Laverton – Carosue Dam Gp...... Gypsum Mt Jackson Cawse Lindsays Ponton Carina Black Swan Grt...... Garnet Paddington White Foil K...... Potassium Kundana – Kundana East Kanowna Belle Castle Hill Superpit Nimbus Ag Zn Pb Au Kln...... Kaolin Koolyanobbing Navajo Chief Kalgoorlie nickel smelter Blair South Kal Mt Monger Li...... Lithium Bullabulling Aldiss Coolgardie–Redemption Randalls LNG...... Liquefied natural gas Nepean Kambalda nickel concentrator LPG...... Liquefied petroleum gas Edna May Marvel Loch Mt Marion Li Ta Mica Beta–Hunt Long–Victor MgCO3...Magnesite Nevoria Carnilya Hill Bald Hill Ta Mn...... Manganese Collgar Otter–Juan St Ives Mt Caudan Nova Ni...... Nickel PERTH Wind Farm Spargoville Lanfranchi Nb...... Niobium Bounty Mariners Trident Pb...... Lead Maggie Hays Mt Thirsty Central Eucla West Pd...... Palladium Flying Fox Mt Henry Norseman Phos...... Phosphate Spotted Quoll Lounge Lizard Pt...... Platinum Salmon Gums REE...... Rare earth elements Sisd...... Silica sand Ta...... Tantalum Scaddan Ti...... Titanium Mt Cattlin Li Ta Ravensthorpe Tlc...... Talc Phillips River – Trilogy Au Cu V...... Vanadium W...... Tungsten Esperance 0 100 200 300 400 Zn...... Zinc Zr...... Zirconium Southdown Kilometres

Albany Wind Farm Albany