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Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19

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Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 III - 300 Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 Management Area 19 Black Pine MANAGEMENT AREA DESCRIPTION Management Prescriptions - Management Area 19 has the following management prescriptions (see map on preceding page for distribution of prescriptions). Percent of Management Prescription Category (MPC) Mgt. Area 2.2 – Research Natural Areas Trace 3.2 – Active Restoration and Maintenance of Aquatic, Terrestrial & Hydrologic Resources 59 6.1 – Restoration and Maintenance Emphasis within Shrubland & Grassland Landscapes 41 General Location and Description - Management Area 19 is comprised of Forest Service lands in the Black Pine Mountain Range (see map, preceding page), which lies at the eastern end of Cassia County, Idaho. The Minidoka Ranger District administers this area. There are many small communities in the vicinity, but the nearest towns of any size are Burley to the northwest and Snowville, Utah to the southeast. The management area is an estimated 76,800 acres, which includes several small private inholdings totaling nearly 2,900 acres, or less than 4 percent of the whole area. Most of the area is bordered by private ranches or land administered by the BLM. Much of the private land has been converted to agriculture. The primary uses and activities in this management area are livestock grazing, timber management, dispersed recreation (mainly hunting), and mining. Access - The main access to the area from the east is via Interstate 84 between Burley, Idaho and Snowville, Utah, from the west along Highway 30 south of Malta, Idaho, and from the south via Curlew Junction and Forest Road 586. Roads within the management area are rough and native- surfaced, and access the lower slopes and canyons. From mid-slope to the ridgelines, there are no roads due to the steep, rugged terrain. The density of classified roads is estimated at 1.3 miles per square mile. Total road density for area subwatersheds ranges between 0.7 and 2.1 miles per square mile. There are relatively few maintained trails in the area, and most are used primarily for livestock movement and hunting. Special Features - This management area is valued for a high-quality mule deer hunt, and valuable winter range for this species. The Black Pine Inventoried Roadless Area comprises an estimated 57 percent of the management area. The Pole Canyon Research Natural Area (165 acres) has been established east of Black Pine Peak to preserve a representation of Douglas-fir, subalpine fir, and aspen forest communities, as well as big sagebrush and black sagebrush communities. III - 301 Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 Air Quality - This management area lies within Montana/Idaho Airshed ID-25 and in Cassia County. Particulate matter is the primary pollutant of concern related to Forest management. The closest ambient air monitor is located in Twin Falls. It is used to obtain current background levels, trends, and seasonal patterns of particulate matter. There are no Class I areas within 100 kilometers of this management area. Between 1995 and 1999, emissions trends in Cassia County improved for PM 10, while PM 2.5 emissions remained constant. The most common source of particulate matter in the county was fugitive dust from unpaved roads and agricultural activities such as tilling. In addition to Forest management activities, crop residue and ditch burning may contribute to particulate matter emissions. The amount of agricultural-related burning was among the highest in the state, with over 22,500 acres. There were no point sources located within Cassia County. Soil, Water, Riparian, and Aquatic Resources - Elevations range from 5,023 at Point Springs to 9,386 feet at Black Pine Peak. Management Area 19 is predominantly in the Humboldt River High Plateau subsection, and the dominant landforms are fluvial mountains, plateaus and escarpments, and depositional lands. Slope gradients range from 40 to 70 percent on the fluvial mountains, from 0 to 30 percent on the plateaus and depositional lands, to near vertical on the escarpments. The surface geology is predominantly sedimentary rock in the west, and metamorphic sediments and granitic rock in the east. Soils in the area generally have low to moderate erosion potential, and moderate to low productivity. Subwatershed vulnerability ratings are all low in this area (see table below). Geomorphic Integrity ratings for the subwatersheds vary from moderate (functioning at risk) to low (not functioning appropriately), with the majority being moderate (see table below). Localized areas have impacts from roads, livestock grazing, and dispersed recreation. Impacts include accelerated erosion, upland compaction, and stream bank and channel modification. The management area has portions of six watersheds that drain into two subbasins. The western half of the area drains west into the Raft River Subbasin and then north into the Snake River Basin. The eastern portion of the area drains east into the Curlew Valley Subbasin and then south into the Great Salt Lake Basin. There are only two perennial streams, both in the western portion of the area, Eightmile Creek and Sixmile Creek. Sixmile Creek flows into a small reservoir that is used for irrigation below the Forest boundary. Most canyons feature intermittent streams that flow only during spring snowmelt and periods of severe or sustained thunderstorms in the summer months. Water Quality Integrity ratings for the subwatersheds vary from high (functioning appropriately) to moderate (functioning at risk), with the majority being moderate (see table below). Some areas have localized accelerated sediment from roads, livestock grazing, and dispersed recreation. There currently are no stream reaches listed as impaired water bodies under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, and no TMDL-assigned subwatersheds associated with this management area. Subwatershed Geomorphic Water No. Vulnerability Integrity Quality Integrity No. No. Subs Public 303(d) With Water High Mod. Low High Mod. Low High Mod. Low Subs TMDLs System Subs 0 0 15 0 12 3 1 14 0 0 0 0 III - 302 Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 No threatened or endangered fish species occur in Management Area 19. Both Sixmile and Eightmile Creeks are known to support Yellowstone cutthroat trout. The Eightmile population is believed to be a genetically pure strain of cutthroat that was native to the upper Snake River and Yellowstone River drainages. Sixmile Reservoir, an impoundment within the Sixmile Creek drainage, contains rainbow and cutthroat trout. Fish habitat is non-existent elsewhere due to the small size and intermittent nature of area streams. Aquatic habitat is functioning at risk in some areas due to localized sedimentation impacts. Native cutthroat trout populations in Sixmile Creek are at risk due to introduced rainbow trout. The West Dry-Eightmile-Fisher subwatershed has been identified as important to maintaining or restoring strong populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout. This subwatershed is therefore a high-priority area for restoration. Vegetation - Vegetation within this area includes sagebrush/grasslands, and juniper, aspen, Douglas-fir, and subalpine fir trees. Douglas-fir and subalpine fir are generally confined to north and east exposures at the higher elevations. The sagebrush and juniper cover about half the entire area, with sagebrush occurring predominantly on south and west exposures that are lower in elevation. The sagebrush communities transition to juniper in the higher foothills. Mountain brush occurs on the northeast end of the area. The remaining area supports small patches of aspen and mountain mahogany. An estimated 88 percent of the management area is non-forested, or covered by grasslands, shrublands, meadows, rock, or water. Much of this area is comprised of the Mountain Big Sagebrush, Basin Big Sage, Montane Shrub, and Perennial Grass Slopes vegetation groups. The main forested vegetation groups are Pinyon-Juniper (2 percent), Aspen (1 percent), and Cool Dry Douglas-Fir (9 percent). Aspen is a minor component in the Cool Dry Douglas-Fir group. The Montane Shrub group is functioning properly, although the herbaceous component could be increased to enhance diversity. The Mountain Big Sagebrush, Basin Big Sage, and Perennial Grass Slopes are functioning at risk in some areas due to fire exclusion and livestock grazing impacts, which have altered structure and species composition. Fire exclusion has allowed canopy cover to increase, which has reduced the understory herbaceous cover. The Cool Dry Douglas-Fir group is not functioning properly in some areas where fire exclusion has resulted in older, more decadent stands with more climax subalpine fir and Douglas-fir and less seral species, particularly lodgepole pine and aspen. Fire hazard is increasing in conifer stands due to increasing mortality from insect and disease infestations. An estimated 40 percent of the Douglas-fir has been lost in the last 15 years. Aspen is functioning properly. The Pinyon- Juniper group is functioning at risk due to fire exclusion and grazing impacts that have allowed older stands to dominate, with fewer younger trees and herbaceous plants than desirable. Riparian vegetation is functioning at risk in localized areas due to impacts from livestock grazing, roads, dispersed recreation, and fire exclusion. In some areas, introduced grasses and noxious weeds are replacing native plants. Aspen and willow communities are becoming old and decadent, and are not regenerating due to fire exclusion and livestock use. Snag levels are at historic levels in most areas due to limited access for fuelwood gathering and high tree mortality in the 1980s and 1990s. III - 303 Chapter III Black Pine Management Area 19 Botanical Resources - Desert buckwheat, a current Region 4 Sensitive species, is found in this management area. No federally listed or proposed plant species are known to occur in the area, but potential habitat exists for Ute ladies’-tresses and slender moonwort. Ute ladies’-tresses, a Threatened species, may have moderate potential habitat in riparian/wetland areas from 1,000 to 7,000 feet.
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