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Western Australia 2-D Marine Seismic Survey Western Australia 2-D Marine Seismic Survey Acoustic Modelling for Assessing Marine Fauna Sound Exposures Submitted to: Joe Edgell INPEX Operations Australia Pty Ltd PO: 4500039837 and 4500039843 Authors: Craig McPherson Jennifer Wladichuk Zahraalsadat Alavizadeh Karen Hiltz 27 February 2019 JASCO Applied Sciences (Australia) Pty Ltd. Unit 1, 14 Hook Street P001457-001 Capalaba, Queensland, 4157 Document 01696 Tel: +61 7 3823 2620 Version 1.0 www.jasco.com Version 1.0 i Disclaimer: The results presented herein are relevant within the specific context described in this report. They could be misinterpreted if not considered in the light of all the information contained in this report. Accordingly, if information from this report is used in documents released to the public or to regulatory bodies, such documents must clearly cite the original report, which shall be made readily available to the recipients in integral and unedited form. Suggested citation: McPherson, C.R., J.L. Wladichuk, Z. Alavizadeh and K. Hiltz. 2018. Western Australia 2-D Marine Seismic Survey: Acoustic Modelling for Assessing Marine Fauna Sound Exposures. Document 01696, Version 1.0. Technical report by JASCO Applied Sciences for INPEX Operations Australia Pty Ltd. Version 1.0 i JASCO APPLIED SCIENCES Western Australia 2-D Marine Seismic Survey Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 4 2. MODELLING SCENARIOS ............................................................................................ 5 3. NOISE EFFECT CRITERIA ........................................................................................... 9 Marine Mammals ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.1. Behavioural response .................................................................................................... 10 3.1.2. Injury and hearing sensitivity changes ........................................................................... 10 Fish, Turtles, Fish Eggs, and Fish Larvae ................................................................................ 11 3.2.1. Turtle behavioural response and injury .......................................................................... 12 Benthic Invertebrates (Crustaceans and Bivalves) ................................................................... 13 4. METHODS ............................................................................................................... 14 Acoustic Source Model ............................................................................................................. 14 Sound Propagation Models ....................................................................................................... 14 Parameter Overview ................................................................................................................. 14 Accumulated SEL ...................................................................................................................... 15 Geometry and Modelled Regions ............................................................................................. 15 5. RESULTS ................................................................................................................ 16 Acoustic Source Levels and Directivity ..................................................................................... 16 Per-pulse Sound Fields ............................................................................................................. 18 5.2.1. Tabulated results............................................................................................................ 18 5.2.2. Sound field maps and graphs ........................................................................................ 23 Multiple Pulse Sound Fields ...................................................................................................... 33 5.3.1. Scenario 1 ...................................................................................................................... 33 5.3.2. Scenario 2 ...................................................................................................................... 35 5.3.3. Scenario 3 ...................................................................................................................... 36 6. DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................... 40 6.1. Overview and Source Levels .................................................................................................... 40 Per-Pulse Sound Fields ............................................................................................................ 40 Multiple Pulse Sound Fields ...................................................................................................... 40 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 41 GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................. 44 LITERATURE CITED ..................................................................................................... 48 ACOUSTIC METRICS ............................................................................... A-1 ACOUSTIC SOURCE MODEL .................................................................... B-1 SOUND PROPAGATION MODELS .............................................................. C-1 METHODS AND PARAMETERS .................................................................. D-1 RESULTS ............................................................................................... E-1 Version 1.0 ii JASCO APPLIED SCIENCES Western Australia 2-D Marine Seismic Survey Figures Figure 1. Overview of the modelling sites and features for the WA 2-D marine seismic survey modelling. ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2. Scenario 1: Acquisition lines and static receiver locations considered for SEL24h calculations, WA-533-P Shallow. ....................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3. Scenario 2: Acquisition lines and static receiver locations considered for SEL24h calculations, WA-533-P deep. ........................................................................................................... 8 Figure 4. Scenario 3: Acquisition lines and static receiver locations considered for SEL24h calculations, WA-532-P. ..................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 5. Site 1 (WA-533-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 23 Figure 6. Site 1 (WA-533-P), SPL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over- depth results. ................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 7. Site 4 (WA-533-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 24 Figure 8. Site 4 (WA-533-P), SPL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over- depth results. ................................................................................................................................... 25 Figure 9. Site 5 (WA-533-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 25 Figure 10. Site 5 (WA-532-P), SPL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum- over-depth results. ........................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 11. Site 7 (WA-532-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 26 Figure 12. Site 7 (WA-532-P), SPL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum- over-depth results. ........................................................................................................................... 27 Figure 13. Site 11 (WA-532-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 27 Figure 14. Site 11 (WA-532-P), SPL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum- over-depth results. ........................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 15. Site 12 (WA-532-P), per-pulse SEL: Sound level contour map showing unweighted maximum-over-depth results. .......................................................................................................... 29 Figure 16. Site 12 (WA-532-P),
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